EP3378723B1 - Railway vehicle bogie comprising axles rigidly attached to the frame of the bogie - Google Patents

Railway vehicle bogie comprising axles rigidly attached to the frame of the bogie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3378723B1
EP3378723B1 EP18163270.4A EP18163270A EP3378723B1 EP 3378723 B1 EP3378723 B1 EP 3378723B1 EP 18163270 A EP18163270 A EP 18163270A EP 3378723 B1 EP3378723 B1 EP 3378723B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
longitudinal
railway vehicle
bogie
extending
axle
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EP18163270.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3378723A1 (en
Inventor
Alain Rodet
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B9/00—Tramway or funicular systems with rigid track and cable traction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/50—Other details
    • B61F5/52—Bogie frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B61B13/00—Other railway systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F3/00—Types of bogies
    • B61F3/02—Types of bogies with more than one axle
    • B61F3/04—Types of bogies with more than one axle with driven axles or wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/28—Axle-boxes integral with, or directly secured to, vehicle or bogie underframes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a railway vehicle bogie according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a railway vehicle of the type described above.
  • Such a bogie in which the wheels are fitted with a tire, called a carrier tire, is particularly intended for a railway vehicle of the metro or tramway type, traveling on rolling tracks.
  • the elasticity of the tires can be used to simplify the structure of the bogie by not providing any suspension element between the frame and the axles because the function of these elements can be fulfilled by the tires.
  • the structure of the bogie remains complex due to the need either to elastically articulate different parts of the frame of the bogie between them, or to introduce a so-called primary suspension stage between the frame and the axles.
  • provision is made in particular for elastically articulating the beams to one or more crosspieces connecting the beams together. Consequently, the assembly of the bogie is complicated by the assembly of the elastic articulation elements or by the assembly of the primary suspensions.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a simplified bogie structure whose assembly is facilitated.
  • the invention relates to a bogie according to claim 1.
  • axle housings can be rigidly fixed to the spars, that is to say without elastic articulation elements, which simplifies the structure of the bogie and its assembly.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to switch from a bogie with an articulated frame or from a bogie with primary suspension, to a flexible bogie while retaining the same capacities in terms of suspension and torsion.
  • the bogie according to the invention has one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 8, taken separately or in any technically possible combination.
  • the invention also relates to a railway vehicle comprising a bogie as described above.
  • the term “longitudinal” is defined with respect to the direction of travel of a railway vehicle, that is to say according to the direction in which the rolling tracks on which the railway vehicle travels extend.
  • the term “transverse” is defined by a direction corresponding to the width of a railway vehicle, that is to say a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and extending in a horizontal plane when the railway vehicle is traveling on horizontal rolling tracks.
  • the term “elevation” is defined by a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions, that is to say a direction substantially vertical when the railway vehicle is traveling on horizontal rolling tracks.
  • a railway vehicle bogie 1 comprising a frame 2 and two axles 4 mounted on the frame 2.
  • the frame 2 comprises two beams 6 each extending in a longitudinal direction and spaced from each other in the transverse direction.
  • Each spar 6 is formed by a metal section, for example steel.
  • the profile has in cross section, that is to say in a plane extending in a transverse direction and in a direction of elevation, the shape of an I, as shown in the picture 3 .
  • the cross section of the spar 6 comprises a web 8 extending in a plane extending in the longitudinal direction and in the direction of elevation and two flanges 10 extending on either side of the core 8.
  • the flanges 10 extend in planes substantially perpendicular to the plane of the core 8, that is to say in planes extending in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction.
  • the profile comprises an upper flange 10a and a lower flange 10b extending respectively above and below the web 8 in the direction of elevation.
  • the spar 6 is capable of undergoing a torsion around an axis A extending in the longitudinal direction along the web 8 substantially equidistant from the two flanges 10.
  • the torsion around the axis A can go up to 1° for a bogie with approximately 2 m wheelbase. Such a torsion occurs in particular when crossing a left track of 10 mm/m while driving on the auxiliary wheels or else in the event of a puncture of a carrier tire, as will be described later.
  • the side member used in the bogie according to the invention does not have a closed section, as is the case in the side members having a box structure, which makes it possible to confer on it this torsion capacity unlike side members having a structure box, which are particularly rigid.
  • the profile described above has the shape of an I, it is understood that this profile could have a different shape as long as this shape is adapted so that the spar has a certain flexibility or flexibility around its longitudinal axis A.
  • each spar 6 comprises two longitudinal end portions 12 extending at each end of the spar 6 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the longitudinal end parts 12 each extend in a transverse direction towards the outside of the bogie 1.
  • the longitudinal end parts 12 are arranged to each carry a guide wheel 14, as shown on the figure 1 .
  • Each guide wheel 14 extends substantially transversely and is arranged to bear against a guide surface (not shown) extending on one side of the rolling tracks on which the railway vehicle is running.
  • the railway vehicle does not run permanently on rails and guidance of the bogie is necessary, in particular in bends, and this guidance can be achieved by guide surfaces extending on either side of the rolling tracks, and by the contact of the guide wheels 14 with these guide surfaces.
  • the guide wheels 14 are for example each provided with a tire and is rotatable around an axis Z extending in the direction of elevation relative to the longitudinal end portions 12.
  • Each spar 6 further comprises fixing zones 16 allowing the fixing of the axles 4 and possibly of a motor 18, as will be described later.
  • the fixing zones 16 are for example provided with one or more orifices in the upper sole 10a allowing the screwing of a screw 19 or the bolting of a bolt in the sole as will be described later.
  • Each axle 4 comprises two wheels 20 connected to a connecting device arranged in an axle housing 22.
  • Each wheel 20 extends at a transverse end of the axle 4 so that the wheels 20 of an axle 4 extend on either side of the side members 6 of the frame 2, as shown in the figure 1 .
  • Each wheel 20 is provided with a tire 21, called carrier tire, and is rotatable around an axis of rotation B extending in a substantially transverse direction.
  • Each axle 4 may further comprise two auxiliary wheels 23 each arranged next to one of the wheels 20. Such auxiliary wheels 23 are arranged to allow movement on rails, for example in areas without rolling tracks for tires carriers 21.
  • the connecting device extends transversely from one wheel 20 to the other (or from one auxiliary wheel 23 to the other) and is for example formed by one or more shafts integral in rotation with the wheels 20, and for example driven in rotation by a reduction gear 24 disposed between the side members 6 in the case of a motor bogie, as will be described later.
  • the shaft or shafts and the reducer 24 are housed, at least partially and rotatable in the axle housing 22 which extends at least from one side member 6 to the other.
  • the axle housing 22 therefore forms a sheath whose shape is adapted to receive the shaft or shafts and the reducer 24.
  • the axle housing 22 is for example open for the passage of a shaft of entry 26 of the reducer 24.
  • the axle housing 22 is rigidly fixed to each spar 6 and provides a connection between these spars 6. By rigid fixing, it is meant that the axle housing 22 is not movable with respect to the beams 6. Thus, there is no suspension element or elastic articulation provided between the axle housing 22, and more generally the axle 4, and the beams 6.
  • the fixing of the axle housing 22 to a spar 6 is made in a fixing zone 16 of the latter, for example by screwing at least one screw 19 or bolting a bolt passing through a plate 28 of the axle housing 22 in the orifice provided at this effect in the top flange 10a of the spar.
  • the fixing of the axle housing 22 of an axle 4 on a spar 6 is done by two screws 19 extending on either side of the axle housing 22 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the figures show a bogie 1 in which the axles 4 are fixed to the upper flange 10a of the side members 6, the axles therefore extending above the side members 6.
  • the axles 4 could be fixed on the bottom flange 10b of the side members 6 and extend below them.
  • the axle casings 22 are rigidly fixed to the beams 6, each in the vicinity of a longitudinal end part 12 of the beams 6, so that the axles 4 and the beams 6 form a rigid frame according to the direction of elevation and according to the transverse direction.
  • This assembly is however capable of undergoing a torsion around a longitudinal axis A′ extending substantially equidistant from the longerons 6 between them due to the flexibility of the longerons 6 in this longitudinal direction, as described previously.
  • the bogie 1 according to the invention is therefore able to take up the forces in the direction of elevation thanks to the elasticity of the tires 21 and to pass the twists and turns thanks to this ability to undergo a torsion around a longitudinal axis then even as the bogie 1 has no suspension element and elastic articulation element.
  • the bogie 1 is a motor bogie comprising a motor 18 arranged to drive the wheels 20 in rotation via the reducers 24.
  • the motor 18 is connected to the reduction gears via the input shafts 26.
  • the motor 18 is placed, at least partially, in a motor casing 30 extending substantially transversely from a spar 6 to the each other and placed, in the longitudinal direction, between the axles 4.
  • the engine casing 30 is fixed rigidly to each of the longitudinal members 6.
  • the axles 4 by rigid attachment is meant that the engine casing 30 is not movable relative to the side members 6 and there is no suspension element or elastic joint provided between the engine casing 30 and the side members 6.
  • the engine casing motor 30 is fixed by screwing or bolting in a fixing zone 31 of the longerons 6.
  • the motor casing 30 also participates in the connection of the longerons 6 between them.
  • the bogie frame 2 described above comprises only two side members 6 and no mechanically welded connection between these two side members, such as a cross member or the like, this function being fulfilled by the axle casings 22, and possibly the engine casing 30.
  • Such a chassis structure makes it possible to give it the desired flexibility around the longitudinal axis A′, in particular when crossing left-hand tracks when the bogie is running on the auxiliary wheels 23 or in puncture of a carrier tire 21.
  • the mounting of the chassis is thus particularly simple since it can be obtained by simple screwing or bolting operations. By way of example, eight screwing or bolting operations are sufficient to obtain the bogie when each axle casing 22 is fixed to each beam 6 by two screws or two bolts.
  • the bogie has been described as comprising a motor 18, that is to say a motorized bogie, driving the wheels 20 of the two axles 4 in rotation. It is however understood that the invention could apply to a motorless bogie, whose wheels are driven in rotation due to the drive by another motorized bogie, or to a bogie whose motor does not rotate the wheels only one axle 4 on both.
  • the invention also relates to a railway vehicle comprising one or more bogies as described above.
  • a railway vehicle is, for example, a metro or a tramway arranged to travel on rolling tracks which, at least in part, have no rails and which comprise guide surfaces on the sides, in at least certain zones.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un bogie de véhicule ferroviaire selon le préambule de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a railway vehicle bogie according to the preamble of claim 1.

L'invention concerne également un véhicule ferroviaire du type décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a railway vehicle of the type described above.

Un tel bogie, dans lequel les roues sont pourvues d'un pneu, dit pneu porteur, est particulièrement destiné à un véhicule ferroviaire du type métro ou tramway, circulant sur des pistes de roulement.Such a bogie, in which the wheels are fitted with a tire, called a carrier tire, is particularly intended for a railway vehicle of the metro or tramway type, traveling on rolling tracks.

Dans un tel bogie, on peut se servir de l'élasticité des pneus pour simplifier la structure du bogie en ne prévoyant pas d'élément de suspension entre le châssis et les essieux car la fonction de ces éléments peut être remplie par les pneus.In such a bogie, the elasticity of the tires can be used to simplify the structure of the bogie by not providing any suspension element between the frame and the axles because the function of these elements can be fulfilled by the tires.

Cependant, il est tout de même nécessaire de prévoir des éléments élastiques dans le bogie afin de permettre à celui-ci de subir une torsion selon la direction longitudinale. En effet, cette caractéristique est nécessaire pour permettre au bogie de passer les gauches de voies, c'est-à-dire les zones dans lesquelles les points de contact des roues du bogie avec le sol ne sont pas dans un même plan, particulièrement en cas de crevaison d'un pneu porteur.However, it is all the same necessary to provide elastic elements in the bogie in order to allow the latter to undergo torsion in the longitudinal direction. In fact, this characteristic is necessary to allow the bogie to pass the left-hand sides of the tracks, that is to say the zones in which the points of contact of the wheels of the bogie with the ground are not in the same plane, particularly in case of a tire puncture.

Ainsi, la structure du bogie reste complexe du fait de la nécessité soit d'articuler de façon élastique différentes parties du châssis du bogie entre elles, soit d'introduire un étage de suspension, dite primaire, entre le châssis et les essieux. Dans le premier cas, il est notamment prévu d'articuler de façon élastique les longerons à une ou plusieurs traverses reliant les longerons entre eux. Par conséquent, l'assemblage du bogie est compliqué par le montage des éléments d'articulation élastiques ou par le montage des suspensions primaires.Thus, the structure of the bogie remains complex due to the need either to elastically articulate different parts of the frame of the bogie between them, or to introduce a so-called primary suspension stage between the frame and the axles. In the first case, provision is made in particular for elastically articulating the beams to one or more crosspieces connecting the beams together. Consequently, the assembly of the bogie is complicated by the assembly of the elastic articulation elements or by the assembly of the primary suspensions.

Des exemples de bogies pour véhicule ferroviaire sont décrits dans les documents FR 2169448 , US 2036194 et FR 1310469 .Examples of bogies for railway vehicles are described in the documents EN 2169448 , US 2036194 and FR 1310469 .

L'un des buts de l'invention est de pallier ces inconvénients en proposant une structure de bogie simplifiée dont l'assemblage est facilité.One of the aims of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a simplified bogie structure whose assembly is facilitated.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un bogie selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to a bogie according to claim 1.

En prévoyant des longerons s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale reliés entre eux par les carters d'essieu, c'est-à-dire dont le châssis ne comprend pas de traverse supplémentaire liant les longerons entre eux, on peut profiter de la souplesse des longerons pour conférer au bogie la capacité de subir une torsion autour d'un axe longitudinal sans élément d'articulation élastique dans le châssis du bogie ou entre les longerons et les essieux. Ainsi, les carters d'essieu peuvent être fixés rigidement aux longerons, c'est-à-dire sans éléments d'articulation élastique, ce qui simplifie la structure du bogie et son assemblage. L'invention permet donc de passer d'un bogie à châssis articulé ou d'un bogie avec suspension primaire, à un bogie flexible tout en conservant les mêmes capacités en terme de suspension et de torsion.By providing side members extending in the longitudinal direction interconnected by the axle casings, that is to say the chassis of which does not include an additional cross member linking the side members together, it is possible to take advantage of the flexibility of the beams to give the bogie the ability to undergo torsion about a longitudinal axis without an elastic hinge element in the bogie frame or between the beams and the axles. Thus, the axle housings can be rigidly fixed to the spars, that is to say without elastic articulation elements, which simplifies the structure of the bogie and its assembly. The invention therefore makes it possible to switch from a bogie with an articulated frame or from a bogie with primary suspension, to a flexible bogie while retaining the same capacities in terms of suspension and torsion.

Selon d'autres modes de réalisation, le bogie selon l'invention présente un ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des revendications 2 à 8, prises isolément ou selon toute combinaison techniquement possible.According to other embodiments, the bogie according to the invention has one or more of the characteristics of claims 2 to 8, taken separately or in any technically possible combination.

L'invention concerne également un véhicule ferroviaire comprenant un bogie tel que décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a railway vehicle comprising a bogie as described above.

D'autres aspects et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit, donnée à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un bogie selon l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une représentation schématique en perspective du bogie de la figure 1, dans lequel les roues ont été retirées, et
  • la figure 3 est une représentation schématique en coupe selon l'axe III-III de la figure 2.
Other aspects and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description, given by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation in perspective of a bogie according to the invention,
  • the picture 2 is a schematic representation in perspective of the bogie of the figure 1 , in which the wheels have been removed, and
  • the picture 3 is a schematic sectional representation along the III-III axis of the figure 2 .

Dans la description, le terme « longitudinal » est défini par rapport à la direction de circulation d'un véhicule ferroviaire, c'est-à-dire selon la direction dans laquelle s'étendent les pistes de roulement sur lesquelles le véhicule ferroviaire circule. Le terme « transversal » est défini par une direction correspondant à la largeur d'un véhicule ferroviaire, c'est-à-dire une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale et s'étendant dans un plan horizontal lorsque le véhicule ferroviaire circule sur des pistes de roulement horizontales. Le terme « élévation » est défini par une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire aux directions longitudinale et transversale, c'est-à-dire une direction sensiblement verticale lorsque le véhicule ferroviaire circule sur des pistes de roulement horizontales.In the description, the term “longitudinal” is defined with respect to the direction of travel of a railway vehicle, that is to say according to the direction in which the rolling tracks on which the railway vehicle travels extend. The term "transverse" is defined by a direction corresponding to the width of a railway vehicle, that is to say a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and extending in a horizontal plane when the railway vehicle is traveling on horizontal rolling tracks. The term "elevation" is defined by a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions, that is to say a direction substantially vertical when the railway vehicle is traveling on horizontal rolling tracks.

En référence à la figure 1, on décrit un bogie 1 de véhicule ferroviaire comprenant un châssis 2 et deux essieux 4 montés sur le châssis 2.With reference to the figure 1 , a railway vehicle bogie 1 is described comprising a frame 2 and two axles 4 mounted on the frame 2.

Le châssis 2 comprend deux longerons 6 s'étendant chacun selon une direction longitudinale et espacés l'un de l'autre selon la direction transversale. Chaque longeron 6 est formé par un profilé en métal, par exemple en acier.The frame 2 comprises two beams 6 each extending in a longitudinal direction and spaced from each other in the transverse direction. Each spar 6 is formed by a metal section, for example steel.

Le profilé présente en section transversale, c'est-à-dire dans un plan s'étendant selon une direction transversale et selon une direction d'élévation, la forme d'un I, comme représenté sur la figure 3. Ainsi, la section transversale du longeron 6 comprend une âme 8 s'étendant dans un plan s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale et selon la direction d'élévation et deux semelles 10 s'étendant de part et d'autre de l'âme 8. Les semelles 10 s'étendent dans des plans sensiblement perpendiculaires au plan de l'âme 8, c'est-à-dire dans des plans s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale et selon la direction transversale. Ainsi, le profilé comprend une semelle supérieure 10a et une semelle inférieure 10b s'étendant respectivement au-dessus et en dessous de l'âme 8 selon la direction d'élévation. Une telle forme de profilé permet de conférer une certaine souplesse ou flexibilité au longeron 6 selon la direction longitudinale. Ainsi, le longeron 6 est apte à subir une torsion autour d'un axe A s'étendant selon la direction longitudinale le long de l'âme 8 sensiblement à équidistance des deux semelles 10. Selon un mode de réalisation, la torsion autour de l'axe A peut aller jusqu'à 1° pour un bogie de sensiblement 2 m d'empattement. Une telle torsion se produit notamment lors du franchissement d'un gauche de voie de 10 mm/m en roulage sur les roues auxiliaires ou bien en cas de crevaison d'un pneu porteur, comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement. Le longeron utilisé dans le bogie selon l'invention ne présente pas une section fermée, comme c'est le cas dans les longerons présentant une structure de caisson, ce qui permet de lui conférer cette capacité de torsion à la différence de longerons présentant une structure de caisson, qui sont particulièrement rigides. Ainsi, bien que le profilé décrit précédemment présente la forme d'un I, il est entendu que ce profilé pourrait avoir une forme différente tant que cette forme est adaptée pour que le longeron présente une certaine souplesse ou flexibilité autour de son axe longitudinal A.The profile has in cross section, that is to say in a plane extending in a transverse direction and in a direction of elevation, the shape of an I, as shown in the picture 3 . Thus, the cross section of the spar 6 comprises a web 8 extending in a plane extending in the longitudinal direction and in the direction of elevation and two flanges 10 extending on either side of the core 8. The flanges 10 extend in planes substantially perpendicular to the plane of the core 8, that is to say in planes extending in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction. Thus, the profile comprises an upper flange 10a and a lower flange 10b extending respectively above and below the web 8 in the direction of elevation. Such a shape of profile makes it possible to impart a certain flexibility or flexibility to the spar 6 in the longitudinal direction. Thus, the spar 6 is capable of undergoing a torsion around an axis A extending in the longitudinal direction along the web 8 substantially equidistant from the two flanges 10. According to one embodiment, the torsion around the axis A can go up to 1° for a bogie with approximately 2 m wheelbase. Such a torsion occurs in particular when crossing a left track of 10 mm/m while driving on the auxiliary wheels or else in the event of a puncture of a carrier tire, as will be described later. The side member used in the bogie according to the invention does not have a closed section, as is the case in the side members having a box structure, which makes it possible to confer on it this torsion capacity unlike side members having a structure box, which are particularly rigid. Thus, although the profile described above has the shape of an I, it is understood that this profile could have a different shape as long as this shape is adapted so that the spar has a certain flexibility or flexibility around its longitudinal axis A.

Selon le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, chaque longeron 6 comprend deux parties extrêmes longitudinales 12 s'étendant à chaque extrémité du longeron 6 selon la direction longitudinale. Les parties extrêmes longitudinales 12 s'étendent chacun selon une direction transversale vers l'extérieur du bogie 1. Les parties extrêmes longitudinales 12 sont agencées pour porter chacune une roue de guidage 14, comme représenté sur la figure 1. Chaque roue de guidage 14 s'étend sensiblement transversalement et est agencée pour venir en appui contre une surface de guidage (non représentée) s'étendant sur un côté des pistes de roulement sur lesquelles le véhicule ferroviaire circule. En effet, dans le cas d'un bogie comprenant des roues munies de pneus, comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement, le véhicule ferroviaire ne circule pas en permanence sur des rails et un guidage du bogie est nécessaire, notamment dans les virages, et ce guidage peut être réalisé par des surfaces de guidage s'étendant de part et d'autre des pistes de roulement, et par le contact des roues de guidage 14 avec ces surfaces de guidage. Les roues de guidage 14 sont par exemple chacune munie d'un pneu et est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe Z s'étendant selon la direction d'élévation par rapport aux parties extrêmes longitudinales 12.According to the embodiment shown in the figure 1 and 2 , each spar 6 comprises two longitudinal end portions 12 extending at each end of the spar 6 in the longitudinal direction. The longitudinal end parts 12 each extend in a transverse direction towards the outside of the bogie 1. The longitudinal end parts 12 are arranged to each carry a guide wheel 14, as shown on the figure 1 . Each guide wheel 14 extends substantially transversely and is arranged to bear against a guide surface (not shown) extending on one side of the rolling tracks on which the railway vehicle is running. Indeed, in the case of a bogie comprising wheels provided with tires, as will be described later, the railway vehicle does not run permanently on rails and guidance of the bogie is necessary, in particular in bends, and this guidance can be achieved by guide surfaces extending on either side of the rolling tracks, and by the contact of the guide wheels 14 with these guide surfaces. The guide wheels 14 are for example each provided with a tire and is rotatable around an axis Z extending in the direction of elevation relative to the longitudinal end portions 12.

Chaque longeron 6 comprend en outre des zones de fixation 16 permettant la fixation des essieux 4 et éventuellement d'un moteur 18, comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement. Les zones de fixation 16 sont par exemple munies d'un ou plusieurs orifices dans la semelle supérieure 10a permettant le vissage d'une vis 19 ou boulonnage d'un boulon dans la semelle comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement.Each spar 6 further comprises fixing zones 16 allowing the fixing of the axles 4 and possibly of a motor 18, as will be described later. The fixing zones 16 are for example provided with one or more orifices in the upper sole 10a allowing the screwing of a screw 19 or the bolting of a bolt in the sole as will be described later.

Chaque essieu 4 comprend deux roues 20 reliées à un dispositif de liaison disposé dans un carter d'essieu 22.Each axle 4 comprises two wheels 20 connected to a connecting device arranged in an axle housing 22.

Chaque roue 20 s'étend à une extrémité transversale de l'essieu 4 de sorte que les roues 20 d'un essieu 4 s'étendent de part et d'autre des longerons 6 du châssis 2, comme représenté sur la figure 1. Chaque roue 20 est pourvue d'un pneu 21, dit pneu porteur, et est mobile en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation B s'étendant selon une direction sensiblement transversale. Chaque essieu 4 peut en outre comprendre deux roues auxiliaires 23 disposées chacune à côté d'une des roues 20. De telles roues auxiliaires 23 sont agencées pour permettre la circulation sur des rails, par exemple dans des zones dépourvues de pistes de roulement pour les pneus porteurs 21.Each wheel 20 extends at a transverse end of the axle 4 so that the wheels 20 of an axle 4 extend on either side of the side members 6 of the frame 2, as shown in the figure 1 . Each wheel 20 is provided with a tire 21, called carrier tire, and is rotatable around an axis of rotation B extending in a substantially transverse direction. Each axle 4 may further comprise two auxiliary wheels 23 each arranged next to one of the wheels 20. Such auxiliary wheels 23 are arranged to allow movement on rails, for example in areas without rolling tracks for tires carriers 21.

Le dispositif de liaison s'étend transversalement d'une roue 20 à l'autre (ou d'une roue auxiliaire 23 à l'autre) et est par exemple formé par un ou plusieurs arbres solidaires en rotation des roues 20, et par exemple entraînés en rotation par un réducteur 24 disposé entre les longerons 6 dans le cas d'un bogie moteur, comme cela sera décrit ultérieurement.The connecting device extends transversely from one wheel 20 to the other (or from one auxiliary wheel 23 to the other) and is for example formed by one or more shafts integral in rotation with the wheels 20, and for example driven in rotation by a reduction gear 24 disposed between the side members 6 in the case of a motor bogie, as will be described later.

Le ou les arbres et le réducteur 24 sont logés, au moins partiellement et mobile en rotation dans le carter d'essieu 22 qui s'étend au moins d'un longeron 6 à l'autre. Le carter d'essieu 22 forme donc un fourreau dont la forme est adaptée pour recevoir le ou les arbres et le réducteur 24. Au niveau du réducteur 24, le carter d'essieu 22 est par exemple ouvert pour le passage d'un arbre d'entrée 26 du réducteur 24. Le carter d'essieu 22 est fixé rigidement à chaque longeron 6 et assure une liaison entre ces longerons 6. Par fixation rigide, on entend que le carter d'essieu 22 n'est pas mobile par rapport aux longerons 6. Ainsi, il n'y a pas d'élément de suspension ou d'articulation élastique prévu entre le carter d'essieu 22, et plus généralement l'essieu 4, et les longerons 6. La fixation du carter d'essieu 22 à un longeron 6 se fait dans une zone de fixation 16 de celui-ci par exemple par vissage d'au moins une vis 19 ou boulonnage d'un boulon traversant une platine 28 du carter d'essieu 22 dans l'orifice prévu à cet effet dans la semelle supérieure 10a du longeron. Selon un mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, la fixation du carter d'essieu 22 d'un essieu 4 sur un longeron 6 se fait par deux vis 19 s'étendant de part et d'autre du carter d'essieu 22 selon la direction longitudinale. Il convient de noter que les figures montrent un bogie 1 dans lequel les essieux 4 sont fixés sur la semelle supérieure 10a des longerons 6, les essieux s'étendant donc au-dessus des longerons 6. Cependant, selon un autre mode de réalisation, les essieux 4 pourraient être fixés sur la semelle inférieure 10b des longerons 6 et s'étendre en-dessous de ceux-ci.The shaft or shafts and the reducer 24 are housed, at least partially and rotatable in the axle housing 22 which extends at least from one side member 6 to the other. The axle housing 22 therefore forms a sheath whose shape is adapted to receive the shaft or shafts and the reducer 24. At the level of the reducer 24, the axle housing 22 is for example open for the passage of a shaft of entry 26 of the reducer 24. The axle housing 22 is rigidly fixed to each spar 6 and provides a connection between these spars 6. By rigid fixing, it is meant that the axle housing 22 is not movable with respect to the beams 6. Thus, there is no suspension element or elastic articulation provided between the axle housing 22, and more generally the axle 4, and the beams 6. The fixing of the axle housing 22 to a spar 6 is made in a fixing zone 16 of the latter, for example by screwing at least one screw 19 or bolting a bolt passing through a plate 28 of the axle housing 22 in the orifice provided at this effect in the top flange 10a of the spar. According to an embodiment represented on the figure 1 and 2 , the fixing of the axle housing 22 of an axle 4 on a spar 6 is done by two screws 19 extending on either side of the axle housing 22 in the longitudinal direction. It should be noted that the figures show a bogie 1 in which the axles 4 are fixed to the upper flange 10a of the side members 6, the axles therefore extending above the side members 6. However, according to another embodiment, the axles 4 could be fixed on the bottom flange 10b of the side members 6 and extend below them.

Les carters d'essieux 22 sont fixés rigidement aux longerons 6, chacun au voisinage d'une partie extrême longitudinale 12 des longerons 6, de sorte que les essieux 4 et les longerons 6 forment un cadre rigide selon la direction d'élévation et selon la direction transversale. Cet ensemble est toutefois apte à subir une torsion autour d'un axe longitudinal A' s'étendant sensiblement à équidistance des longerons 6 entre ceux-ci du fait de la flexibilité des longerons 6 selon cette direction longitudinale, comme décrit précédemment. Le bogie 1 selon l'invention est donc apte à reprendre les efforts selon la direction d'élévation grâce à l'élasticité des pneus 21 et de passer les gauches de voie grâce à cette capacité à subir une torsion autour d'un axe longitudinal alors même que le bogie 1 est dépourvu d'élément de suspension et d'élément d'articulation élastique.The axle casings 22 are rigidly fixed to the beams 6, each in the vicinity of a longitudinal end part 12 of the beams 6, so that the axles 4 and the beams 6 form a rigid frame according to the direction of elevation and according to the transverse direction. This assembly is however capable of undergoing a torsion around a longitudinal axis A′ extending substantially equidistant from the longerons 6 between them due to the flexibility of the longerons 6 in this longitudinal direction, as described previously. The bogie 1 according to the invention is therefore able to take up the forces in the direction of elevation thanks to the elasticity of the tires 21 and to pass the twists and turns thanks to this ability to undergo a torsion around a longitudinal axis then even as the bogie 1 has no suspension element and elastic articulation element.

Selon le mode réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 et 2, le bogie 1 est un bogie moteur comprenant un moteur 18 agencé pour entraîner les roues 20 en rotation par l'intermédiaire des réducteurs 24.According to the embodiment shown in the figure 1 and 2 , the bogie 1 is a motor bogie comprising a motor 18 arranged to drive the wheels 20 in rotation via the reducers 24.

Da façon classique, le moteur 18 est relié aux réducteurs par l'intermédiaire des arbres d'entrée 26. Le moteur 18 est placé, au moins partiellement, dans un carter de moteur 30 s'étendant sensiblement transversalement d'un longeron 6 à l'autre et placé, selon la direction longitudinale, entre les essieux 4. Le carter de moteur 30 est fixé de façon rigide à chacun des longerons 6. De même que pour les essieux 4, par fixation rigide, on entend que le carter de moteur 30 n'est pas mobile par rapport aux longerons 6 et qu'il n'y a pas d'élément de suspension ou d'articulation élastique prévu entre le carter de moteur 30 et les longerons 6. Selon un mode de réalisation le carter de moteur 30 est fixé par vissage ou boulonnage dans une zone de fixation 31 des longerons 6. Ainsi, le carter de moteur 30 participe également à la liaison des longerons 6 entre eux.In a conventional manner, the motor 18 is connected to the reduction gears via the input shafts 26. The motor 18 is placed, at least partially, in a motor casing 30 extending substantially transversely from a spar 6 to the each other and placed, in the longitudinal direction, between the axles 4. The engine casing 30 is fixed rigidly to each of the longitudinal members 6. As for the axles 4, by rigid attachment is meant that the engine casing 30 is not movable relative to the side members 6 and there is no suspension element or elastic joint provided between the engine casing 30 and the side members 6. According to one embodiment, the engine casing motor 30 is fixed by screwing or bolting in a fixing zone 31 of the longerons 6. Thus, the motor casing 30 also participates in the connection of the longerons 6 between them.

On notera que le châssis 2 de bogie décrit ci-dessus ne comprend que deux longerons 6 et aucune liaison mécano-soudée entre ces deux longerons, telle qu'une traverse ou autre, cette fonction étant remplie par les carters d'essieu 22, et éventuellement le carter de moteur 30. Une telle structure de châssis permet de conférer à celui-ci la flexibilité voulue autour de l'axe longitudinal A', notamment lors du franchissement de gauches de voies lorsque le bogie circule sur les roues auxiliaires 23 ou en cas de crevaison d'un pneu porteur 21. Le montage du châssis est ainsi particulièrement simple puisqu'il peut être obtenu par de simples opérations de vissage ou de boulonnage. A titre d'exemple, huit opérations de vissage ou de boulonnage sont suffisantes pour obtenir le bogie lorsque chaque carter d'essieu 22 est fixé à chaque longeron 6 par deux vis ou deux boulons.It will be noted that the bogie frame 2 described above comprises only two side members 6 and no mechanically welded connection between these two side members, such as a cross member or the like, this function being fulfilled by the axle casings 22, and possibly the engine casing 30. Such a chassis structure makes it possible to give it the desired flexibility around the longitudinal axis A′, in particular when crossing left-hand tracks when the bogie is running on the auxiliary wheels 23 or in puncture of a carrier tire 21. The mounting of the chassis is thus particularly simple since it can be obtained by simple screwing or bolting operations. By way of example, eight screwing or bolting operations are sufficient to obtain the bogie when each axle casing 22 is fixed to each beam 6 by two screws or two bolts.

Le bogie a été décrit comme comprenant un moteur 18, c'est-à-dire un bogie motorisé, entraînant les roues 20 des deux essieux 4 en rotation. Il est cependant entendu que l'invention pourrait s'appliquer à un bogie sans moteur, dont les roues sont entraînées en rotation du fait de l'entraînement par un autre bogie motorisé, ou à un bogie dont le moteur n'entraîne en rotation les roues que d'un seul essieu 4 sur les deux.The bogie has been described as comprising a motor 18, that is to say a motorized bogie, driving the wheels 20 of the two axles 4 in rotation. It is however understood that the invention could apply to a motorless bogie, whose wheels are driven in rotation due to the drive by another motorized bogie, or to a bogie whose motor does not rotate the wheels only one axle 4 on both.

L'invention concerne également un véhicule ferroviaire comprenant un ou plusieurs bogies tels que décrits ci-dessus. Un tel véhicule ferroviaire est par exemple un métro ou un tramway agencés pour circuler sur des pistes de roulement dépourvues, au moins en partie, de rails et comprenant sur les côtés, dans au moins certaines zones, des surfaces de guidage.The invention also relates to a railway vehicle comprising one or more bogies as described above. Such a railway vehicle is, for example, a metro or a tramway arranged to travel on rolling tracks which, at least in part, have no rails and which comprise guide surfaces on the sides, in at least certain zones.

Claims (9)

  1. - A railway vehicle bogie (1), comprising a chassis (2) and two axles (4), the chassis (2) comprising two longitudinal members (6) extending in a longitudinal direction, each axle (4) comprising a pair of wheels (20) each provided with a tyre (21) and a connecting device extending between said wheels (20), characterized in that each axle (4) comprising an axle housing (22) extending in a transverse direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and at least partially surrounding the connecting device, the longitudinal members (6) of the chassis (2) being connected to each other by the axles (4), the axle housing (22) of each axle (4) being rigidly attached to each of said longitudinal members (6),
    characterised in that each longitudinal member (6) has a cross-section comprising a web (8) extending in an elevation direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal and transverse directions and two flanges (10, 10a, 10b) extending in a substantially transverse direction on either side of the web (8) in the elevation direction.
  2. The railway vehicle bogie according to claim 1, wherein each longitudinal member (6) has a flexibility such that the bogie (1) has a degree of freedom in bending about a longitudinal axis (A') substantially parallel to the longitudinal members (6) and extending between said longitudinal members (6).
  3. The railway vehicle bogie according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the axle housing (22) of each axle (4) is attached to each longitudinal member (6) by at least one screw (19) or bolt.
  4. The railway vehicle bogie according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the connection between the chassis (2) and the axles (4) is free of any hinge or elastic suspension element.
  5. The railway vehicle bogie according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein each longitudinal member (6) comprises at each of its longitudinal end portions (12) a guide wheel support (14), said longitudinal end portions (12) extending in a direction substantially transverse to the rest of the longitudinal member (6).
  6. The railway vehicle bogie according to any of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a motor (18) extending between the longitudinal members (6) and between the axles (4) and a motor housing (30) extending at least partially around the motor (18).
  7. The railway vehicle bogie according to claim 6, wherein the longitudinal members (6) of the chassis (2) are connected to each other by the motor housing (30), said motor housing (30) being rigidly attached to each of said longitudinal members (6).
  8. The railway vehicle bogie according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the connecting device between the wheels (20) of each axle (4) comprises a gearbox (24) connecting the motor (18) to each of the wheels (20), said gearbox being housed in the axle housing (22) between the longitudinal members (6).
  9. A railway vehicle comprising at least one bogie according to any of claims 1 to 8.
EP18163270.4A 2017-03-22 2018-03-22 Railway vehicle bogie comprising axles rigidly attached to the frame of the bogie Active EP3378723B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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FR1752349A FR3064238B1 (en) 2017-03-22 2017-03-22 RAIL VEHICLE BOGIE INCLUDING AXLES FIXED RIGIDLY TO THE BOGIE CHASSIS

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US (1) US10889308B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3378723B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2998814A1 (en)
CL (1) CL2018000694A1 (en)
FR (1) FR3064238B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2018003168A (en)
TW (1) TWI746824B (en)

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FR3064238A1 (en) 2018-09-28
CL2018000694A1 (en) 2019-10-18
TWI746824B (en) 2021-11-21
FR3064238B1 (en) 2020-08-28
MX2018003168A (en) 2018-11-09
US20180273058A1 (en) 2018-09-27
US10889308B2 (en) 2021-01-12
EP3378723A1 (en) 2018-09-26
CA2998814A1 (en) 2018-09-22
TW201836892A (en) 2018-10-16

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