EP3378279B1 - Radiator means for an electrical heater and electrical heater - Google Patents

Radiator means for an electrical heater and electrical heater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3378279B1
EP3378279B1 EP16797946.7A EP16797946A EP3378279B1 EP 3378279 B1 EP3378279 B1 EP 3378279B1 EP 16797946 A EP16797946 A EP 16797946A EP 3378279 B1 EP3378279 B1 EP 3378279B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiator
heater
contact surfaces
heat
heating element
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EP16797946.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3378279A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Werling
Didier Lehmann
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DBK David and Baader GmbH
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DBK David and Baader GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
    • H05B3/24—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor being self-supporting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/02—Heaters using heating elements having a positive temperature coefficient
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/022—Heaters specially adapted for heating gaseous material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiator arrangement for a heater according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the associated radiator is usually designed with ribs that extend away from the PTC heating element.
  • a known radiator has ribs that extend approximately radially away from one side of the radiator, while the ribs of the other side are oriented approximately parallel to each other.
  • EP 1 847 786 A1 discloses a heater having a heat exchanger body or radiator in the main central portion of which PTC elements are accommodated.
  • the radiator has ribs which start from the main section and extend on both sides and parallel to one another.
  • radiators The heat decoupling of such radiators essentially depends on their surface area and the surface texture, with both parameters be determined with the production of the radiator. Accordingly, the disadvantage of the radiators of the prior art is that their heat extraction is unchangeable, so that a variety of heater outputs from one manufacturer is always accompanied by different radiators.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a radiator and a heater whose heat output can be changed so that it can be used for different power ranges. It should be possible to establish an intimate connection between the inner (middle) contact surfaces and those of the other radiator.
  • the claimed radiator arrangement has at least one radiator, which can also be referred to as a heat distribution element or convection body, and is designed to be brought into thermally conductive connection with a PTC heating element.
  • An electric heater can thus be formed.
  • the radiator has a first group of contact surfaces, to which another, essentially structurally identical radiator can be placed and, for example, can be brought into a thermally conductive connection by gluing or clamping or screwing or welding or soldering or flanging. According to the invention, this results in a modular radiator arrangement consisting of identical parts with heat extraction that can be selected at least in two stages.
  • a suitably equipped heater can have a heat output of approx. 170 watts at -20°C.
  • contact surfaces of one and the same group in their entirety have an outward curvature when the radiator is in a relaxed state, so that, viewed in cross section, these contact surfaces have an outward arch shape.
  • a contact plane can have the outward curvature, so that viewed in cross section, this contact plane has an outward arc shape. A crowning is thus created, via which an intimate connection between the inner (middle) contact surfaces and those of the further radiator can be produced.
  • the contact surfaces of the first group are preferably arranged in a first contact plane or can be brought into this contact plane by being pressed together with the further radiator. Then more than two contact surfaces can be brought into thermally conductive connection at the same time.
  • the radiator is an extruded profile, preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • the aluminum is preferably anodized and/or painted. This results in a leveled temperature distribution with an improved emission factor and further increased heat extraction.
  • the radiator has a second group of contact surfaces, to which another essentially identical radiator can also be placed and which can be brought into a thermally conductive connection, e.g. by gluing or clamping or screwing or welding or soldering or flanging.
  • a thermally conductive connection e.g. by gluing or clamping or screwing or welding or soldering or flanging.
  • the contact surfaces of the second group are arranged in a second contact level or can be brought into this second contact level by pressing together with the further radiator, more than two contact surfaces of the second group can also be brought into thermally conductive connection at the same time. It is particularly preferred if the two contact levels are symmetrical to one another.
  • contact surfaces are spaced apart from one another, so that free spaces remain between the contact surfaces, medium heated during operation can be exchanged between the contact surfaces through the free spaces when on the contact surfaces no other radiator is present.
  • the contact surfaces of a group and the spaces between them together form a wide side of the radiator.
  • the contact surfaces of the group extend over at least 50% of this broad side, while the free spaces correspondingly extend over at most 50% of the same broad side.
  • the abutment surfaces may occupy, for example, 60 to 80% of the width, while the clearances occupy, for example, 20 to 40% of the same width.
  • a free space can be developed as a groove, via which a further component can be attached to the radiator.
  • the additional component can be the additional radiator or a fastening clip.
  • a cross section of the radiator can have an approximately rectangular outer frame.
  • the curvature or arc shape according to the invention is produced by a pressing process, which preferably also clamps the PTC heating element in the radiator.
  • the curvature or arched shape is produced during extrusion of the radiator.
  • the contact surfaces are arranged on respective flat, strip-shaped contact elements. This results in an elongate radiator that can advantageously be produced in the extrusion process.
  • the radiator preferably has the shape of a cuboid.
  • each of the four long and mutually parallel edges of the parallelepiped is formed by an outer edge of an outer contact element.
  • the two outer contact elements of each group or each broad side can be used for this purpose.
  • the contact elements can be fastened to a main section via a respective web, in which the PTC heating element can be inserted—preferably clamped—to conduct heat.
  • the webs are preferably arranged perpendicular to the respective contact element. This results in a T or L shape of the contact element with the respective web.
  • the strip-shaped contact elements and/or the strip-shaped contact surfaces preferably have a width that corresponds to a multiple, for example at least four times, the material thickness of the associated web. Chimneys are thus formed between the main section, the webs and the abutment elements.
  • the PTC heating element is preferably constrained within and surrounded by the main portion. in the case of the extruded profile, one of the two openings of the main section is intended for a power supply, while the other opening is completely closed with a seal.
  • a first groove is preferably provided in a first narrow outer side of the radiator, via which a further component such as a contact protection or a fastening clip (according to DIN) for the radiator or the heater formed with it can be fastened. It can be attached using screws that are screwed into the groove.
  • a further component such as a contact protection or a fastening clip (according to DIN) for the radiator or the heater formed with it can be fastened. It can be attached using screws that are screwed into the groove.
  • An anti-twist device or a thermal insulating part is preferably provided between the radiator and the further component.
  • a combined intermediate piece that fulfills both tasks is particularly preferred.
  • the intermediate piece is then preferably made of thermally insulating material, preferably plastic. In this way, for example, the fastening clip according to DIN can be protected against twisting on the one hand and against excessive temperatures (in particular temperatures above 95°C) on the other.
  • the groove has an expanded groove base, over which a screw channel is formed, a screw can also be screwed in there along the groove—in the case of an extruded profile along its pressing direction.
  • a second groove can be provided in a second narrow outer side of the radiator, which is mirror-symmetrical to the first narrow outer side. This can also be used to attach one of the two components mentioned above, i.e. a fastening clip or a contact protection on the radiator. If the two grooves each have an enlarged groove bottom, via which a screw channel is formed, a terminal block or a connection housing for the PTC heating element can be securely fastened to an end face of the radiator using two screws.
  • the heater according to the invention has at least two radiators as described above, which are in thermally conductive connection with their respective group of contact surfaces. Only one of the radiators is in direct heat-conducting connection with a PTC heating element. The other radiator is in indirect thermally conductive connection with the PTC heating element. Approx. 180 - 350 watts can be achieved without a fan and > 500 watts with a fan at -20°C. Preferably, the PTC heating element is clamped into the main section of the radiator concerned.
  • a central radiator with the contact surfaces of each of its two groups is in thermally conductive connection with a respective outer radiator.
  • the central radiator is in direct thermally conductive connection with a PTC heating element.
  • the PTC heating element is preferably clamped into the main section of the central radiator in question.
  • only the two outer radiators are in direct thermally conductive connection with a respective PTC heating element.
  • the two PTC heating elements are preferably clamped in the respective main section of the two outer radiators concerned. Without a fan, approx. 400 watts and with a fan approx. 530 watts can be achieved at -20°C.
  • a particular advantage of the radiator arrangement according to the invention is that more than three radiators can also be put together in a heat-conducting manner.
  • the number of PTC heating elements is variable.
  • a heater with radiators is particularly preferred, the outer contact elements of which are gripped around or behind by means of clamps and are thus tensioned against one another.
  • the heater can also be used as a tube heater, adapters being used in the areas between the radiators and an inner wall of the tube, for example in the shape of a segment of a circle.
  • Flow can preferably flow through the tubular heater in the direction of its extrusion and thus along its contact elements and its webs.
  • the heat output can be significantly increased since the convection flow is increased.
  • the heater can also be used for a control cabinet.
  • figure 1 shows a heater according to the invention according to a first embodiment in a longitudinal section.
  • He has a radiator 1, which is designed as an aluminum extruded profile.
  • a tubular, flat main section 2 is provided in a middle area of the radiator 1, which is closed at the front side with a seal 4 made of silicone.
  • One of the two seals 4 is guided through insulated connection strands 6 which are provided for the electrical supply of a PTC heating element 8 clamped in the main section 2 .
  • an insulating sleeve 10 made of Kapton is provided for the PTC heating element 8 .
  • figure 2 shows the heater off figure 1 in a cross section.
  • the radiator 1 has an approximately rectangular outer frame, resulting in a first wide side 12 and a second wide side 14 and two narrow sides 16 of the radiator 1 .
  • the two wide sides 12, 14 have in the in figure 2 shown relaxed state of the radiator 1 each have a slight outward curvature.
  • Five contact elements 18 of a first group are arranged on the main section 2 in the region of the first broad side 12, on the respective outside of which a respective contact surface 20 of the first group is formed.
  • four contact elements 22 of a second group are arranged in the area of the second broad side 14, on the respective outside of which a corresponding contact surface 24 of the second group is formed.
  • a fifth contact element 22a of the second group which is interrupted by a further groove 28a is arranged centrally in the second broad side 14 and on which a contact surface 24a of the second group which is interrupted by the further groove 28a is formed.
  • All contact elements 18, 22, 22a are elongated and strip-like and extend perpendicular to the plane of the figure 2 . Furthermore, all contact elements 18 , 22 are connected to the main section 2 via a respective web 26 . Thus, chimneys are formed inside the radiator 1 between the webs 26 and the contact elements 18, 22, the cross section of which is enlarged compared to the star-shaped ribs of the prior art, so that the flow of a medium to be heated is improved and heat accumulation is avoided.
  • the radiator 1 is mirror-symmetrical to a center plane 32 .
  • a groove 28 is provided on each of the two narrow sides 16 of the radiator 1 , the respective bottom of the groove being designed as a screw channel 30 .
  • FIG. 12 shows a fastening clip 34 fastened to the first narrow side 16.
  • the fastening clip 34 is fastened via a screw 36 which is screwed into the groove 28 and which extends perpendicularly to the bottom of the groove.
  • longitudinal structures are formed on the flanks of the groove 28, which are used for the firm engagement of a screw 36 screwed into the groove 28.
  • FIG 3 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of a heater according to the invention.
  • the radiator 1 with the fastening clip 34 and the screw 36 corresponds to that of the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG Figures 1 and 2 .
  • Only the power supply of the heater is changed. More precisely, on one of the front sides of the radiator 1 there is a clamping block 38 fastened. Two screws 40 are used for this, which are screwed into the two screw channels 30, which extend along the radiator 1, and which (according to figure 2 ) are formed at the bottom of the grooves 28. Electrical contacting can be easily implemented via the terminal block 38 by means of a supply line (not shown).
  • figure 4 shows a perspective view of a development of the second embodiment of the heater according to the invention with a radiator 1 according to figure 3 .
  • the radiator 1 is covered on three sides, namely on the two wide sides 12, 14 and on the narrow side 16 opposite the fastening clip 34, with a protection against accidental contact 42.
  • the contact protection has a multiplicity of ventilation slots 44 running transversely to the radiator 1.
  • the contact protection 42 also has a support section 46 which is fastened to the narrow side 16 of the radiator 1 by two screws 48. For this purpose, the two screws 48 are screwed into the groove 28 there.
  • FIG figure 5 shows a heater according to a third embodiment in an exploded drawing or in a not yet assembled state. It contains the heater of the first embodiment according to FIG figure 2 with the radiator 1 and, in addition, another structurally identical radiator 50, in which no PTC heating element is used.
  • the two radiators 1, 50 are brought into contact with each other with their respective first wide sides 12.
  • the five contact surfaces 20 of the first group of the first radiator 1 are clamped against one another in a heat-conducting manner with the five contact surfaces 20 of the first group of the further radiator 50 .
  • Clamps 52 are pushed over the outer contact elements 18 on each side for bracing and securing.
  • the radiator 1 which is provided with the PTC heating element 8, a camber, so a curvature of the contact surfaces 20 of the first group.
  • This crowning has been produced either when the radiator 1 is pressed with the PTC heating element 8 or when the radiator 1, which is designed as an aluminum profile, is extruded.
  • the further radiator 50 has no camber, so that the contact elements 18 of the first group are arranged in one plane and are aligned parallel to the contact elements 22 of the second group of the further radiator 50 .
  • the interaction of the curved first group of the radiator 1 with the flat first group of the other radiator 50 results when the outer contact elements 18 are pressed together via the clamps 52 in any case, e.g. B. even with larger manufacturing tolerances, an intimate connection and the three inner contact surfaces of the first groups.
  • figure 6 shows in a cross section an already assembled fourth embodiment of the heater according to the invention. It has a radiator system consisting of three essentially identical radiators 1, 50, with the heat-conducting connection of the central radiator 1 to the (in figure 6 lower) additional radiator 50 of those from figure 5 is equivalent to. the inside figure 6
  • the upper further radiator 50 is additionally clamped to the middle radiator 1, more precisely to the contact surfaces 24, 24a of its second group.
  • a special feature here is that the contact surface 24a of the second group of the middle radiator 1 which is interrupted by the further groove 28a comes into contact with the middle contact surface 20 of the first group of the upper further radiator 50 .
  • the contact surfaces 24, 24a of the second group of the radiator 1 are also curved.
  • figure 7 shows a perspective view of the fourth embodiment according to FIG figure 6 of the heater according to the invention with the radiator system composed of three radiators 1, 50. It can be seen that for each connection between two radiators 1, 50, two brackets 52 are provided on each side. The clamping block 38 and the fastening clip 34 are screwed onto the middle radiator 1 (cf. figure 3 ).
  • the heater is in accordance with this figure 3 by attaching two further radiators 50 modularly expanded in such a way that its surface is increased many times over, and that the (in figure 7 not shown) only central PTC heating element can absorb a comparatively large amount of power and convert it into heat. This applies in particular if a fan (not shown) is added is provided, which promotes an air flow along the strip-shaped contact elements 18, 22, 22a and the corresponding webs 26.
  • FIG. 12 shows the heater according to the second embodiment figure 3 in a perspective view, in particular of its second wide side 14.
  • the further groove 28a of the second wide side 14 and also the groove 28 of the first narrow side 16 are visible.
  • the two grooves 28, 28a offer two fastening options for the fastening clip 34.
  • an intermediate piece 54 can be seen in each case. It is arranged between the fastening clip 34 and the radiator 1 and is made of a plastic with good thermal insulation properties, e.g. PPS. The intermediate piece thus serves as thermal insulation of the fastening clip 34 from the hot radiator 1.
  • the intermediate piece 54 serves as an anti-rotation device for the fastening clip 34 in relation to the radiator 1.
  • the intermediate piece 54 has two shoulders 56, between which the fastening clip 34 is accommodated or clamped in a manner secured against torsion is.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show the fastening clip 34 and the intermediate piece 54 figure 8 each in a perspective view.
  • the intermediate piece 54 has on its side facing the radiator 1 two cams 58 which together with (the thread) of the screw 36 form a row and which together dip into the groove 28, 28a.
  • the two cams 58 thus serve to prevent the intermediate piece 54 from rotating relative to the radiator 1.
  • figure 11 shows a section of the heater or radiator 1 figure 8 in a sectional representation of the fastening clip 34 and the intermediate piece 54, which are arranged on the narrow side 16.
  • the screw 36 and the two cams 58 have approximately the same diameter, which corresponds to a width of the groove 28 .
  • the visible flank of the groove 28 has the longitudinal structure 60.
  • the first and the second groove 28, which are each arranged on a narrow side 16 of the radiator 1, and the further groove 28a, which is arranged on the second wide side 14 of the radiator 1 have such a longitudinal structure 60 on both of their flanks. This provides a firm hold for the screws 36, 48, which are screwed in perpendicularly to the bottom of the groove.

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  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Radiatoranordnung für einen Heizer gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a radiator arrangement for a heater according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Bei Heizern ist es bekannt, ein elektrisch betriebenes PTC-Heizelement mit einem Radiator Wärme leitend zu verbinden. Ein derartiges PTC-Heizelement hat einen positiven Temperaturkoeffizienten und zeichnet sich durch einen selbstregelnden Effekt aus, da es mit zunehmender Wärme einen erhöhten Widerstand hat und weniger Strom leitet, wodurch die Leistungsaufnahme verringert wird.In the case of heaters, it is known to connect an electrically operated PTC heating element to a radiator in a thermally conductive manner. Such a PTC heating element has a positive temperature coefficient and is characterized by a self-regulating effect since it has an increased resistance with increasing heat and conducts less current, thereby reducing the power consumption.

Um den Wärmeübergang bzw. die Wärmeauskopplung des Heizers an ein zu erwärmenden Medium, z.B. Luft, zu verbessern, wird der zugeordnete Radiator meistens mit Rippen ausgeführt, die sich von dem PTC-Heizelement weg erstrecken.In order to improve the heat transfer or the heat decoupling of the heater to a medium to be heated, e.g. air, the associated radiator is usually designed with ribs that extend away from the PTC heating element.

In den Druckschriften DE 299 06 950 U1 bzw. EP 1047168 B1 der Anmelderin ist ein Heizer für einen Schaltschrank offenbart, bei dem ein Radiator von einem Gehäuseteil umgriffen ist. Dadurch werden Luftstromkanäle gebildet.In the pamphlets DE 299 06 950 U1 respectively. EP 1047168 B1 the applicant discloses a heater for a switch cabinet, in which a radiator is surrounded by a housing part. This forms airflow channels.

Von der Anmelderin sind verschiedene weitere Heizer und Radiatoren bekannt. Ein bekannter Radiator hat z.B. Rippen, die sich an einer Seite des Radiators etwa strahlenförmig weg erstrecken, während die Rippen der anderen Seite etwa parallel zueinander ausgerichtet sind.Various other heaters and radiators are known from the applicant. For example, a known radiator has ribs that extend approximately radially away from one side of the radiator, while the ribs of the other side are oriented approximately parallel to each other.

Die DE 10 2006 018 150 A1 bzw. EP 1 847 786 A1 offenbart eine Heizeinrichtung mit einem Wärmetauscherkörper bzw. Radiator, in dessen mittleren Hauptabschnitt PTC-Elemente aufgenommen sind. Der Radiator hat von dem Hauptabschnitt ausgehende Stege, die sich beidseitig und parallel zueinander erstrecken.the DE 10 2006 018 150 A1 respectively. EP 1 847 786 A1 discloses a heater having a heat exchanger body or radiator in the main central portion of which PTC elements are accommodated. The radiator has ribs which start from the main section and extend on both sides and parallel to one another.

Die Wärmeauskopplung derartiger Radiatoren hängt im Wesentlichen von deren Oberflächengröße und von der Oberflächenbeschaffenheit ab, wobei beide Parameter mit der Produktion des Radiators festgelegt werden. Dem entsprechend ist nachteilig an den Radiatoren des Standes der Technik, dass ihre Wärmeauskopplung unveränderlich ist, so dass eine Leistungsvielfalt von Heizern eines Herstellers stets mit unterschiedlichen Radiatoren einhergeht.The heat decoupling of such radiators essentially depends on their surface area and the surface texture, with both parameters be determined with the production of the radiator. Accordingly, the disadvantage of the radiators of the prior art is that their heat extraction is unchangeable, so that a variety of heater outputs from one manufacturer is always accompanied by different radiators.

Dem gegenüber liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, einen Radiator und einen Heizer zu schaffen dessen Wärmeauskopplung veränderbar ist, so dass er für verschieden Leistungsbereiche anwendbar ist. Dabei soll eine innige Verbindung von inneren (mittleren) Anlageflächen mit denjenigen des weiteren Radiators herstellbar sein.In contrast, the invention is based on the object of creating a radiator and a heater whose heat output can be changed so that it can be used for different power ranges. It should be possible to establish an intimate connection between the inner (middle) contact surfaces and those of the other radiator.

Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Radiatoranordnung mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 und durch einen Heizer mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 11.This object is achieved by a radiator arrangement having the features of patent claim 1 and by a heater having the features of patent claim 11.

Die beanspruchte Radiatoranordnung hat zumindest einen Radiator, der auch als Wärmeverteilelement oder Konvektionskörper bezeichnet werden kann, und dazu ausgebildet ist, in Wärme leitende Verbindung mit einem PTC-Heizelement gebracht zu werden. Damit ist ein elektrischer Heizer bildbar. Erfindungsgemäß hat der Radiator eine erste Gruppe von Anlageflächen, an die ein weiterer im Wesentlichen baugleicher Radiator anlegbar und z.B. über Kleben oder Klemmen oder Schrauben oder Schweißen oder Löten oder Bördeln in Wärme leitende Verbindung bringbar ist. Erfindungsgemäß ergibt sich somit eine modulare Radiatoranordnung bestehend aus Gleichteilen mit zumindest zweistufig wählbarer Wärmeauskopplung. Ein entsprechend ausgestatteter Heizer kann eine Wärmeleistung von ca.170 Watt bei -20°C aufweisen.The claimed radiator arrangement has at least one radiator, which can also be referred to as a heat distribution element or convection body, and is designed to be brought into thermally conductive connection with a PTC heating element. An electric heater can thus be formed. According to the invention, the radiator has a first group of contact surfaces, to which another, essentially structurally identical radiator can be placed and, for example, can be brought into a thermally conductive connection by gluing or clamping or screwing or welding or soldering or flanging. According to the invention, this results in a modular radiator arrangement consisting of identical parts with heat extraction that can be selected at least in two stages. A suitably equipped heater can have a heat output of approx. 170 watts at -20°C.

Erfindungsgemäß weisen Anlageflächen ein und derselben Gruppe in ihrer Gesamtheit in einem entspannten Zustand des Radiators eine Wölbung nach außen auf, so dass im Querschnitt betrachtet diese Anlageflächen eine Bogenform nach außen haben. Anders ausgedrückt kann eine Anlageebene die Wölbung nach außen aufweisen, so dass im Querschnitt betrachtet diese Anlageebene eine Bogenform nach außen hat. Damit ist eine Bombierung geschaffen, über die eine innige Verbindung der inneren (mittleren) Anlageflächen mit denjenigen des weiteren Radiators herstellbar ist.According to the invention, contact surfaces of one and the same group in their entirety have an outward curvature when the radiator is in a relaxed state, so that, viewed in cross section, these contact surfaces have an outward arch shape. In other words, a contact plane can have the outward curvature, so that viewed in cross section, this contact plane has an outward arc shape. A crowning is thus created, via which an intimate connection between the inner (middle) contact surfaces and those of the further radiator can be produced.

Vorzugsweise sind die Anlageflächen der ersten Gruppe in einer ersten Anlageebene angeordnet oder durch ein Zusammenpressen mit dem weiteren Radiator in diese Anlageebene bringbar. Dann können auch mehr als zwei Anlageflächen gleichzeitig in Wärme leitende Verbindung gebracht werden.The contact surfaces of the first group are preferably arranged in a first contact plane or can be brought into this contact plane by being pressed together with the further radiator. Then more than two contact surfaces can be brought into thermally conductive connection at the same time.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten fertigungstechnisch optimierten Weiterbildung ist der Radiator ein Strangpressprofil vorzugsweise aus Aluminium bzw. einer Aluminiumlegierung. So kann beispielsweise bei 175 mm Länge gegenüber dem Stand der Technik eine Gewichtsreduzierung um 70 Gramm erreicht werden. Vorzugsweise ist das Aluminium eloxiert und/oder lackiert. Damit ergibt sich eine nivellierte Temperaturverteilung mit verbessertem Emissionsfaktor und weiter erhöhter Wärmeauskopplung.In a particularly preferred development optimized in terms of manufacturing technology, the radiator is an extruded profile, preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. For example, with a length of 175 mm, a weight reduction of 70 grams can be achieved compared to the prior art. The aluminum is preferably anodized and/or painted. This results in a leveled temperature distribution with an improved emission factor and further increased heat extraction.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Patentansprüchen beschrieben.Further advantageous refinements of the invention are described in the dependent patent claims.

Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Weiterbildung hat der Radiator eine zweite Gruppe von Anlageflächen, an die ebenfalls ein weiterer im Wesentlichen baugleicher Radiator anlegbar ist und z.B. über Kleben oder Klemmen oder Schrauben oder Schweißen oder Löten oder Bördeln in Wärme leitende Verbindung bringbar ist. Es ergibt sich eine modulare Radiatoranordnung bestehend aus einem oder zwei oder drei Gleichteilen mit dreistufig wählbarer Wärmeauskopplung.In a particularly preferred development, the radiator has a second group of contact surfaces, to which another essentially identical radiator can also be placed and which can be brought into a thermally conductive connection, e.g. by gluing or clamping or screwing or welding or soldering or flanging. The result is a modular radiator arrangement consisting of one or two or three identical parts with heat extraction that can be selected in three stages.

Wenn die Anlageflächen der zweiten Gruppe in einer zweiten Anlageebene angeordnet oder durch ein Zusammenpressen mit dem weiteren Radiator in diese zweite Anlageebene bringbar sind, können auch mehr als zwei Anlageflächen der zweiten Gruppe gleichzeitig in Wärme leitende Verbindung gebracht werden. Besonders bevorzugt wird es, wenn die beiden Anlageebenen symmetrisch zueinander sind.If the contact surfaces of the second group are arranged in a second contact level or can be brought into this second contact level by pressing together with the further radiator, more than two contact surfaces of the second group can also be brought into thermally conductive connection at the same time. It is particularly preferred if the two contact levels are symmetrical to one another.

Wenn die Anlageflächen zueinander beabstandet sind, so dass zwischen den Anlageflächen Freiräume verbleiben, kann im Betrieb erwärmtes Medium zwischen den Anlageflächen durch die Freiräume ausgetauscht werden, wenn an den Anlageflächen kein weiterer Radiator anliegt. Die Anlageflächen einer Gruppe und die dazwischen angeordneten Freiräume ergeben zusammen eine breite Seite des Radiators.If the contact surfaces are spaced apart from one another, so that free spaces remain between the contact surfaces, medium heated during operation can be exchanged between the contact surfaces through the free spaces when on the contact surfaces no other radiator is present. The contact surfaces of a group and the spaces between them together form a wide side of the radiator.

Um eine gute Wärmeübertragung zu gewährleisten wird es besonders bevorzugt, wenn sich die Anlageflächen der Gruppe über mindestens 50% dieser breiten Seite erstrecken, während sich die Freiräume entsprechend über höchstens 50% der gleichen breiten Seite erstrecken. Die Anlageflächen können z.B. 60 bis 80% der breiten Seite belegen, während die Freiräume z.B. 20 bis 40% der gleichen breiten Seite belegen.In order to ensure good heat transfer, it is particularly preferred if the contact surfaces of the group extend over at least 50% of this broad side, while the free spaces correspondingly extend over at most 50% of the same broad side. The abutment surfaces may occupy, for example, 60 to 80% of the width, while the clearances occupy, for example, 20 to 40% of the same width.

Insbesondere mittig zwischen den Anlageflächen der zweiten Gruppe kann ein Freiraum als Nut weitergebildet sein, über die eine weitere Komponente an dem Radiator befestigt werden kann. Die weitere Komponente kann der weitere Radiator oder ein Befestigungsclip sein.In particular, in the middle between the contact surfaces of the second group, a free space can be developed as a groove, via which a further component can be attached to the radiator. The additional component can be the additional radiator or a fastening clip.

Ein Querschnitt des Radiators kann einen etwa rechteckigen Außenrahmen haben.A cross section of the radiator can have an approximately rectangular outer frame.

Die erfindungsgemäße Wölbung bzw. die Bogenform wird gemäß einer ersten Variante durch einen Pressvorgang erzeugt, durch den vorzugsweise auch das PTC-Heizelement im Radiator eingespannt wird. Gemäß einer zweiten Variante wird die Wölbung bzw. die Bogenform bei Strangpressen des Radiators erzeugt.According to a first variant, the curvature or arc shape according to the invention is produced by a pressing process, which preferably also clamps the PTC heating element in the radiator. According to a second variant, the curvature or arched shape is produced during extrusion of the radiator.

Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausgestaltung sind die Anlageflächen an jeweiligen flächigen streifenförmigen Anlageelementen angeordnet. Damit ergibt sich ein länglicher Radiator, der sich in dem Strangpressverfahren vorteilhaft herstellen lässt. Damit hat der Radiator vorzugsweise die Form eines Quaders.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the contact surfaces are arranged on respective flat, strip-shaped contact elements. This results in an elongate radiator that can advantageously be produced in the extrusion process. Thus, the radiator preferably has the shape of a cuboid.

Vorzugsweise wird jede der vier langen und zueinander parallelen Kanten des Quaders von einem äußeren Rand eines äußeren Anlageelements gebildet. Dazu können insbesondere die beiden äußeren Anlageelemente jeder Gruppe bzw. jeder breiten Seite dienen.Preferably, each of the four long and mutually parallel edges of the parallelepiped is formed by an outer edge of an outer contact element. In particular, the two outer contact elements of each group or each broad side can be used for this purpose.

Zur Bildung von Kaminen und zur optimierten Wärmeübertragung können die Anlageelemente über einen jeweiligen Steg an einem Hauptabschnitt befestigt sein, in den das PTC-Heizelement Wärme leitend einsetzbar - vorzugsweise einspannbar - ist. Die Stege sind vorzugsweise senkrecht zum jeweiligen Anlageelement angeordnet. Damit ergibt sich eine T- oder L-Form des Anlageelements mit dem jeweiligen Steg.To form chimneys and for optimized heat transfer, the contact elements can be fastened to a main section via a respective web, in which the PTC heating element can be inserted—preferably clamped—to conduct heat. The webs are preferably arranged perpendicular to the respective contact element. This results in a T or L shape of the contact element with the respective web.

Vorzugsweise haben die streifenförmigen Anlageelemente und/oder die streifenförmigen Anlageflächen eine Breite, die einem Mehrfachen, beispielsweise dem mindestens vierfachen der Materialstärke des zugeordneten Steges entspricht. Damit werden zwischen dem Hauptabschnitt, den Stegen und den Anlageelementen Kamine gebildet.The strip-shaped contact elements and/or the strip-shaped contact surfaces preferably have a width that corresponds to a multiple, for example at least four times, the material thickness of the associated web. Chimneys are thus formed between the main section, the webs and the abutment elements.

Das PTC-Heizelement wird vorzugsweise in im Innern des Hauptabschnitts eingespannt und von diesem umgeben. im Falle des Strangpressprofils ist eine der beiden Öffnungen des Hauptabschnitts für eine Stromzuführung vorgesehen, während die andere Öffnung mit einer Dichtung komplett verschlossen ist.The PTC heating element is preferably constrained within and surrounded by the main portion. in the case of the extruded profile, one of the two openings of the main section is intended for a power supply, while the other opening is completely closed with a seal.

Vorzugsweise ist in einer ersten schmalen äußeren Seite des Radiators eine erste Nut vorgesehen, über die eine weitere Komponente wie z.B. ein Berührschutz oder ein Befestigungsclip (nach DIN) für den Radiator oder den damit gebildeten Heizer befestigt werden kann. Die Befestigung kann über Schrauben erfolgen, die in die Nut eingeschraubt werden.A first groove is preferably provided in a first narrow outer side of the radiator, via which a further component such as a contact protection or a fastening clip (according to DIN) for the radiator or the heater formed with it can be fastened. It can be attached using screws that are screwed into the groove.

Zwischen dem Radiator und der weiteren Komponente ist vorzugsweise eine Verdrehsicherung oder ein thermisches Isolierteil vorgesehen. Besonders bevorzugt wird ein kombiniertes Zwischenstück, das beide Aufgaben erfüllt. Das Zwischenstück ist dann vorzugsweise aus thermisch isolierendem Material, vorzugsweise Kunststoff gefertigt. Damit kann z.B. der Befestigungsclip nach DIN einerseits vor Verdrehung und andererseits vor zu hohen Temperaturen (insbesondere Temperaturen über 95°C) geschützt werden.An anti-twist device or a thermal insulating part is preferably provided between the radiator and the further component. A combined intermediate piece that fulfills both tasks is particularly preferred. The intermediate piece is then preferably made of thermally insulating material, preferably plastic. In this way, for example, the fastening clip according to DIN can be protected against twisting on the one hand and against excessive temperatures (in particular temperatures above 95°C) on the other.

Wenn die Nut einen erweiterten Nutgrund hat, über den ein Schraubkanal gebildet ist, kann dort auch eine Schraube entlang der Nut - beim Strangpressprofil entlang dessen Pressrichtung - eingeschraubt werden.If the groove has an expanded groove base, over which a screw channel is formed, a screw can also be screwed in there along the groove—in the case of an extruded profile along its pressing direction.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung des Radiators ist symmetrisch zu einer Mittelebene. Dabei kann in einer zweiten schmalen äußeren Seite des Radiators, die spiegelsymmetrisch zur ersten schmalen äußeren Seite ist, eine zweite Nut vorgesehen sein. Über diese ist ebenfalls eine der beiden oben genannten Komponenten, also ein Befestigungsclip oder ein Berührschutz am Radiator befestigbar. Wenn die beiden Nuten jeweils einen erweiterten Nutgrund haben, über den jeweils ein Schraubkanal gebildet ist, kann ein Klemmblock oder ein Anschlussgehäuse für das PTC-Heizelement an einer Stirnseite des Radiators über zwei Schrauben sicher befestigt werden.An advantageous development of the radiator is symmetrical to a central plane. A second groove can be provided in a second narrow outer side of the radiator, which is mirror-symmetrical to the first narrow outer side. This can also be used to attach one of the two components mentioned above, i.e. a fastening clip or a contact protection on the radiator. If the two grooves each have an enlarged groove bottom, via which a screw channel is formed, a terminal block or a connection housing for the PTC heating element can be securely fastened to an end face of the radiator using two screws.

Der erfindungsgemäße Heizer weist zumindest zwei vorbeschriebene Radiatoren auf, die mit ihrer jeweiligen Gruppe von Anlageflächen in Wärme leitender Verbindung sind. Nur einer der Radiatoren ist dabei in direkter Wärme leitender Verbindung mit einem PTC-Heizelement. Der andere Radiator ist in indirekter Wärme leitender Verbindung mit dem PTC-Heizelement. Ohne Lüfter sind damit ca. 180 - 350 Watt und mit Lüfter > 500 Watt jeweils bei -20°C erreichbar. Vorzugsweise ist das PTC-Heizelement in den Hauptabschnitt des betroffenen Radiators eingespannt.The heater according to the invention has at least two radiators as described above, which are in thermally conductive connection with their respective group of contact surfaces. Only one of the radiators is in direct heat-conducting connection with a PTC heating element. The other radiator is in indirect thermally conductive connection with the PTC heating element. Approx. 180 - 350 watts can be achieved without a fan and > 500 watts with a fan at -20°C. Preferably, the PTC heating element is clamped into the main section of the radiator concerned.

Wenn der erfindungsgemäße Heizer drei Radiatoren aufweist, ist ein mittlerer Radiator mit den Anlageflächen jeder seiner beiden Gruppen in Wärme leitender Verbindung mit einem jeweiligen äußeren Radiator. Gemäß einer ersten Variante ist nur der mittlere Radiator in direkter Wärme leitender Verbindung mit einem PTC-Heizelement. Auch dabei ist das PTC-Heizelement vorzugsweise in den Hauptabschnitt des betroffenen mittleren Radiators eingespannt. Gemäß einer zweiten Variante sind nur die beiden äußeren Radiatoren in direkter Wärme leitender Verbindung mit einem jeweiligen PTC-Heizelement. Auch dabei sind die beiden PTC-Heizelemente vorzugsweise in den jeweiligen Hauptabschnitt der beiden betroffenen äußeren Radiatoren eingespannt. Ohne Lüfter sind damit ca. 400 Watt und mit Lüfter ca. 530 Watt jeweils bei -20°C erreichbar.If the heater according to the invention has three radiators, a central radiator with the contact surfaces of each of its two groups is in thermally conductive connection with a respective outer radiator. According to a first variant, only the central radiator is in direct thermally conductive connection with a PTC heating element. Here, too, the PTC heating element is preferably clamped into the main section of the central radiator in question. According to a second variant, only the two outer radiators are in direct thermally conductive connection with a respective PTC heating element. Here, too, the two PTC heating elements are preferably clamped in the respective main section of the two outer radiators concerned. Without a fan, approx. 400 watts and with a fan approx. 530 watts can be achieved at -20°C.

Ein besonderer Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Radiatoranordnung ist, dass auch mehr als drei Radiatoren Wärme leitend zusammengesetzt werden können. Die Anzahl der PTC-Heizelemente ist dabei variabel.A particular advantage of the radiator arrangement according to the invention is that more than three radiators can also be put together in a heat-conducting manner. The number of PTC heating elements is variable.

Besonders bevorzugt wird ein Heizer mit Radiatoren, deren äußere Anlageelemente mittels Klammern umgriffen oder hintergriffen und so gegeneinander gespannt sind.A heater with radiators is particularly preferred, the outer contact elements of which are gripped around or behind by means of clamps and are thus tensioned against one another.

Der Heizer kann auch als Rohrheizer eingesetzt werden, wobei in Bereichen zwischen den Radiatoren und einer Innenwand des Rohres etwa kreissegmentförmige Adapter eingesetzt sind. Vorzugsweise ist der Rohrheizer in Richtung seiner Strangpressung und damit entlang seiner Anlageelemente und seiner Stege durchströmbar.The heater can also be used as a tube heater, adapters being used in the areas between the radiators and an inner wall of the tube, for example in the shape of a segment of a circle. Flow can preferably flow through the tubular heater in the direction of its extrusion and thus along its contact elements and its webs.

Wenn der Heizer einen Lüfter aufweist, kann die abgegebene Wärmeleistung deutlich erhöht werden, da die Konvektionsströmung erhöht ist.If the heater has a fan, the heat output can be significantly increased since the convection flow is increased.

Der Heizer kann auch für einen Schaltschrank eingesetzt werden.The heater can also be used for a control cabinet.

Mehrere Ausführungsbeispiele eines erfindungsgemäßen Heizers mit einem oder mehreren Radiatoren sind in den Figuren dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 in einem Längsschnitt einen erfindungsgemäßen Heizer gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;
  • Figur 2 in einem Querschnitt den Heizer aus Figur 1;
  • Figur 3 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht einen Heizer gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel;
  • Figur 4 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht eine Weiterbildung des Heizers aus Figur 3;
  • Figur 5 in einem Querschnitt einen Heizer gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel als Explosionszeichnung;
  • Figur 6 in einem Querschnitt einen Heizer gemäß einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel;
  • Figur 7 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung eine Weiterbildung des Heizers aus Figur 6;
  • Figur 8 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht den Heizer gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel aus Figur 3 mit zwei Befestigungspositionen eines Befestigungsclips mit einem Zwischenstück;
  • Figur 9 den Befestigungsclip und das Zwischenstück aus Figur 8 in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;
  • Figur 10 den Befestigungsclips und das Zwischenstück aus Figur 8 in einer weiteren perspektivischen Darstellung; und
  • Figur 11 einen Ausschnitt des Heizers aus Figur 8 mit dem Befestigungsclip und dem Zwischenstück in einer geschnittenen Darstellung.
Several exemplary embodiments of a heater according to the invention with one or more radiators are shown in the figures. Show it:
  • figure 1 in a longitudinal section, a heater according to the invention according to a first embodiment;
  • figure 2 in a cross-section the heater off figure 1 ;
  • figure 3 in a perspective view, a heater according to a second embodiment;
  • figure 4 in a perspective view of a further development of the heater figure 3 ;
  • figure 5 in a cross section, a heater according to a third embodiment as an exploded view;
  • figure 6 in a cross section, a heater according to a fourth embodiment;
  • figure 7 in a perspective representation of a further development of the heater figure 6 ;
  • figure 8 in a perspective view of the heater according to the second embodiment figure 3 with two fastening positions of a fastening clip with an intermediate piece;
  • figure 9 the fastening clip and the spacer figure 8 in a perspective view;
  • figure 10 the fastening clips and the spacer figure 8 in a further perspective representation; and
  • figure 11 a section of the heater figure 8 with the fastening clip and the intermediate piece in a sectional view.

Figur 1 zeigt in einem Längsschnitt einen erfindungsgemäßen Heizer gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel. Er hat einen Radiator 1, der als Alu-Strangpressprofil ausgebildet ist. In einem mittleren Bereich des Radiators 1 ist ein rohrförmiger flacher Hauptabschnitt 2 vorgesehen, der stirnseitig jeweils mit einer aus Silikon gefertigten Dichtung 4 verschlossen ist. Durch eine der beiden Dichtungen 4 sind isolierte Anschlusslitzen 6 geführt, die zur elektrischen Versorgung eines in dem Hauptabschnitt 2 eingespannten PTC-Heizelements 8 vorgesehen sind. Weiterhin ist eine Isolierhülle 10 aus Kapton für das PTC-Heizelement 8 vorgesehen. figure 1 shows a heater according to the invention according to a first embodiment in a longitudinal section. He has a radiator 1, which is designed as an aluminum extruded profile. A tubular, flat main section 2 is provided in a middle area of the radiator 1, which is closed at the front side with a seal 4 made of silicone. One of the two seals 4 is guided through insulated connection strands 6 which are provided for the electrical supply of a PTC heating element 8 clamped in the main section 2 . Furthermore, an insulating sleeve 10 made of Kapton is provided for the PTC heating element 8 .

Figur 2 zeigt den Heizer aus Figur 1 in einem Querschnitt. Der Radiator 1 hat in diesem Querschnitt hat einen etwa rechteckigen Außenrahmen, wodurch sich eine erste breite Seite 12 und eine zweite breite Seite 14 und zwei schmale Seiten 16 des Radiators 1 ergeben. Die beiden breiten Seiten 12, 14 haben in dem in Figur 2 gezeigten entspannten Zustand des Radiators 1 jeweils eine leichte Wölbung nach außen. Diese Wölbungen sind beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Heizers mit nur einem Radiator 1 unerheblich und dienen bei einem Radiatorsystem mit zwei oder mit drei Radiatoren 1 zur Erzeugung einer innigen Wärme leitenden Verbindung, was mit Bezug zu den Figuren 5 und 6 erläutert wird. figure 2 shows the heater off figure 1 in a cross section. In this cross section, the radiator 1 has an approximately rectangular outer frame, resulting in a first wide side 12 and a second wide side 14 and two narrow sides 16 of the radiator 1 . The two wide sides 12, 14 have in the in figure 2 shown relaxed state of the radiator 1 each have a slight outward curvature. These bulges are irrelevant in the first embodiment of the heater according to the invention with only one radiator 1 and are used in a radiator system with two or three radiators 1 to generate an intimate heat-conducting connection, which with respect to the Figures 5 and 6 is explained.

Der Radiator 1 des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels spannt in seinem Hauptabschnitt 2 das PTC-Heizelement 8 ein, so dass eine Wärme leitende Verbindung zwischen dem PTC-Heizelement 8 und dem Radiator 1 gegeben ist. Am Hauptabschnitt 2 sind im Bereich der ersten breiten Seite 12 fünf Anlageelemente 18 einer ersten Gruppe angeordnet, an deren jeweiligen Außenseite eine jeweilige Anlagefläche 20 der ersten Gruppe gebildet ist. Auf prinzipiell vergleichbare Weise sind im Bereich der zweiten breiten Seite 14 vier Anlageelemente 22 einer zweiten Gruppe angeordnet, an deren jeweiligen Außenseite eine entsprechende Anlagefläche 24 der zweiten Gruppe gebildet ist. Mittig in der zweiten breiten Seite 14 ist ein fünftes durch eine weitere Nut 28a unterbrochenes Anlageelement 22a der zweiten Gruppe angeordnet, an dem eine durch die weitere Nut 28a unterbrochene Anlagefläche 24a der zweiten Gruppe gebildet ist.The radiator 1 of the first embodiment clamped in its main portion 2, the PTC heating element 8, so that a thermally conductive connection between the PTC heating element 8 and the radiator 1 is given. Five contact elements 18 of a first group are arranged on the main section 2 in the region of the first broad side 12, on the respective outside of which a respective contact surface 20 of the first group is formed. In a basically comparable manner, four contact elements 22 of a second group are arranged in the area of the second broad side 14, on the respective outside of which a corresponding contact surface 24 of the second group is formed. A fifth contact element 22a of the second group which is interrupted by a further groove 28a is arranged centrally in the second broad side 14 and on which a contact surface 24a of the second group which is interrupted by the further groove 28a is formed.

Alle Anlageelemente 18, 22, 22a sind länglich und streifenartig und erstrecken sich senkrecht zur Zeichenebene der Figur 2. Weiterhin sind alle Anlageelemente 18, 22 über einen jeweiligen Steg 26 mit dem Hauptabschnitt 2 verbunden. Damit sind im Innern des Radiators 1 zwischen den Stegen 26 und den Anlageelementen 18, 22 Kamine gebildet, deren Querschnitt gegenüber den sternförmig angeordneten Rippen des Standes der Technik vergrößert sind, so dass die Durchströmung eines zu erwärmenden Mediums verbessert ist und ein Wärmestau vermieden wird.All contact elements 18, 22, 22a are elongated and strip-like and extend perpendicular to the plane of the figure 2 . Furthermore, all contact elements 18 , 22 are connected to the main section 2 via a respective web 26 . Thus, chimneys are formed inside the radiator 1 between the webs 26 and the contact elements 18, 22, the cross section of which is enlarged compared to the star-shaped ribs of the prior art, so that the flow of a medium to be heated is improved and heat accumulation is avoided.

Der Radiator 1 ist spiegelsymmetrisch zu einer Mittelebene 32 ausgestaltet. An den beiden schmalen Seiten 16 des Radiators 1 ist jeweils eine Nut 28 vorgesehen, deren jeweiliger Nutgrund als Schraubkanal 30 ausgebildet ist. Figur 1 zeigt einen Befestigungsclip 34, der an der ersten schmalen Seite 16 befestigt ist. Genauer gesagt ist der Befestigungsclip 34 über eine in die Nut 28 eingeschraubte Schraube 36 befestigt, die sich senkrecht zum Nutgrund erstreckt. Ergänzend sind an Flanken der Nut 28 Längstrukturen ausgebildet, die zum festen Eingriff einer in die Nut 28 eingeschraubten Schraube 36 dienen.The radiator 1 is mirror-symmetrical to a center plane 32 . A groove 28 is provided on each of the two narrow sides 16 of the radiator 1 , the respective bottom of the groove being designed as a screw channel 30 . figure 1 FIG. 12 shows a fastening clip 34 fastened to the first narrow side 16. FIG. More precisely, the fastening clip 34 is fastened via a screw 36 which is screwed into the groove 28 and which extends perpendicularly to the bottom of the groove. In addition, longitudinal structures are formed on the flanks of the groove 28, which are used for the firm engagement of a screw 36 screwed into the groove 28.

Figur 3 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Heizers. Dabei entspricht der Radiator 1 mit dem Befestigungsclip 34 und der Schraube 36 demjenigen des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2. Lediglich die Stromzuführung des Heizers ist geändert. Genauer gesagt ist an einer der Stirnseiten des Radiators 1 ein Klemmblock 38 befestigt. Dazu dienen zwei Schrauben 40, die in die beiden Schraubkanäle 30 eingeschraubt sind, die sich entlang dem Radiator 1 erstrecken, und die (gemäß Figur 2) am Nutgrund der Nuten 28 gebildet sind. Über den Klemmblock 38 ist die elektrische Kontaktierung mittels (nicht dargestellter) Zuleitung leicht realisierbar. figure 3 shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of a heater according to the invention. The radiator 1 with the fastening clip 34 and the screw 36 corresponds to that of the first exemplary embodiment according to FIG Figures 1 and 2 . Only the power supply of the heater is changed. More precisely, on one of the front sides of the radiator 1 there is a clamping block 38 fastened. Two screws 40 are used for this, which are screwed into the two screw channels 30, which extend along the radiator 1, and which (according to figure 2 ) are formed at the bottom of the grooves 28. Electrical contacting can be easily implemented via the terminal block 38 by means of a supply line (not shown).

Figur 4 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht eine Weiterbildung des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Heizers mit einem Radiator 1 gemäß Figur 3. Der Radiator 1 ist dreiseitig, und zwar an den beiden breiten Seiten 12, 14 und an der dem Befestigungsclip 34 gegenüber liegenden schmalen Seite 16 mit einem Berührschutz 42 abgedeckt. Im Bereich der beiden breiten Seiten 12, 14 hat der Berührschutz eine Vielzahl von quer zum Radiator 1 verlaufenden Lüftungsschlitzen 44. Weiterhin hat der Berührschutz 42 einen Tragabschnitt 46, der über zwei Schrauben 48 an der schmalen Seite 16 des Radiators 1 befestigt ist. Dazu sind die beiden Schrauben 48 in die dortige Nut 28 eingeschraubt. figure 4 shows a perspective view of a development of the second embodiment of the heater according to the invention with a radiator 1 according to figure 3 . The radiator 1 is covered on three sides, namely on the two wide sides 12, 14 and on the narrow side 16 opposite the fastening clip 34, with a protection against accidental contact 42. In the area of the two wide sides 12, 14, the contact protection has a multiplicity of ventilation slots 44 running transversely to the radiator 1. The contact protection 42 also has a support section 46 which is fastened to the narrow side 16 of the radiator 1 by two screws 48. For this purpose, the two screws 48 are screwed into the groove 28 there.

Figur 5 zeigt in einer Explosionszeichnung bzw. in einem noch nicht montierten Zustand einen Heizer gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel. Er enthält den Heizer des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß Figur 2 mit dem Radiator 1 und zusätzlich einen weiteren baugleichen Radiator 50, in den kein PTC-Heizelement eingesetzt ist. Die beiden Radiatoren 1, 50 werden mit ihren jeweiligen ersten breiten Seiten 12 aneinander in Anlage gebracht. Genauer gesagt werden die fünf Anlageflächen 20 der ersten Gruppe des ersten Radiators 1 mit den fünf Anlageflächen 20 der ersten Gruppe des weiteren Radiators 50 Wärme leitend gegeneinander gespannt. Zur Verspannung und zur Sicherung werden an jeder Seite Klammern 52 über die äußeren Anlageelemente 18 geschoben. figure 5 shows a heater according to a third embodiment in an exploded drawing or in a not yet assembled state. It contains the heater of the first embodiment according to FIG figure 2 with the radiator 1 and, in addition, another structurally identical radiator 50, in which no PTC heating element is used. The two radiators 1, 50 are brought into contact with each other with their respective first wide sides 12. To put it more precisely, the five contact surfaces 20 of the first group of the first radiator 1 are clamped against one another in a heat-conducting manner with the five contact surfaces 20 of the first group of the further radiator 50 . Clamps 52 are pushed over the outer contact elements 18 on each side for bracing and securing.

Wie mit Bezug zur Figur 2 erläutert wurde, hat der Radiator 1, der mit dem PTC-Heizelement 8 versehen ist, eine Bombierung, also eine Wölbung der Anlageflächen 20 der ersten Gruppe. Diese Bombierung ist entweder beim Verpressen des Radiators 1 mit dem PTC-Heizelement 8 oder beim Strangpressen des als Aluprofil ausgebildeten Radiators 1 erzeugt worden.As related to figure 2 has been explained, the radiator 1, which is provided with the PTC heating element 8, a camber, so a curvature of the contact surfaces 20 of the first group. This crowning has been produced either when the radiator 1 is pressed with the PTC heating element 8 or when the radiator 1, which is designed as an aluminum profile, is extruded.

Beim gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 5 hat der weitere Radiator 50 keine Bombierung, so dass die Anlageelemente 18 der ersten Gruppe in einer Ebene angeordnet sind und dabei parallel zu den Anlageelementen 22 der zweiten Gruppe des weiteren Radiators 50 ausgerichtet sind. Durch das Zusammenwirken der gewölbten ersten Gruppe des Radiators 1 mit der ebenen ersten Gruppe des weiteren Radiators 50 ergibt sich beim Zusammenpressen der äußeren Anlageelemente 18 über die Klammern 52 in jedem Fall, z. B. auch bei größeren Fertigungstoleranzen, eine innige Verbindung auch der drei inneren Anlageflächen der ersten Gruppen.In the embodiment shown according to figure 5 the further radiator 50 has no camber, so that the contact elements 18 of the first group are arranged in one plane and are aligned parallel to the contact elements 22 of the second group of the further radiator 50 . The interaction of the curved first group of the radiator 1 with the flat first group of the other radiator 50 results when the outer contact elements 18 are pressed together via the clamps 52 in any case, e.g. B. even with larger manufacturing tolerances, an intimate connection and the three inner contact surfaces of the first groups.

Figur 6 zeigt in einem Querschnitt ein bereits montiertes viertes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Heizers. Er hat ein Radiatorsystem bestehend aus drei im Wesentlichen baugleichen Radiatoren 1, 50, wobei die Wärme leitende Verbindung des mittleren Radiators 1 mit dem (in Figur 6 unteren) weiteren Radiator 50 derjenigen aus Figur 5 entspricht. Der in Figur 6 obere weitere Radiator 50 ist ergänzend an den mittleren Radiator 1, genauer gesagt an die Anlageflächen 24, 24a seiner zweiten Gruppe gespannt. Als Besonderheit ergibt sich hier, dass die durch die weitere Nut 28a unterbrochene Anlagefläche 24a der zweiten Gruppe des mittleren Radiators 1 in Anlage mit der mittleren Anlagefläche 20 der ersten Gruppe des oberen weiteren Radiators 50 gelangt. Auch hier ergibt sich über die Klammern 52 eine innige und Wärme leitende Anlage, da (gemäß Figur 5) auch die Anlageflächen 24, 24a der zweiten Gruppe des Radiators 1 gewölbt sind. figure 6 shows in a cross section an already assembled fourth embodiment of the heater according to the invention. It has a radiator system consisting of three essentially identical radiators 1, 50, with the heat-conducting connection of the central radiator 1 to the (in figure 6 lower) additional radiator 50 of those from figure 5 is equivalent to. the inside figure 6 The upper further radiator 50 is additionally clamped to the middle radiator 1, more precisely to the contact surfaces 24, 24a of its second group. A special feature here is that the contact surface 24a of the second group of the middle radiator 1 which is interrupted by the further groove 28a comes into contact with the middle contact surface 20 of the first group of the upper further radiator 50 . Here, too, there is an intimate and heat-conducting contact via the clamps 52, since (according to figure 5 ) The contact surfaces 24, 24a of the second group of the radiator 1 are also curved.

Figur 7 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht das vierte Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Figur 6 des erfindungsgemäßen Heizers mit dem aus drei Radiatoren 1, 50 zusammengesetzten Radiatorsystem. Es ist zu erkennen, dass für jede Verbindung zweier Radiatoren 1, 50 auf jeder Seite zwei Klammern 52 vorgesehen sind. Am mittleren Radiator 1 ist der Klemmblock 38 und der Befestigungsclip 34 angeschraubt (vgl. Figur 3). Damit ist der Heizer gemäß Figur 3 durch Ansetzen zweier weiterer Radiatoren 50 modular derart erweitert, dass seine Oberfläche um ein Vielfaches vergrößert ist, und dass das (in Figur 7 nicht gezeigte) einzige mittlere PTC-Heizelement eine vergleichsweise große Leistung aufnehmen und in Wärme umwandeln kann. Dies gilt insbesondere, wenn ergänzend ein (nicht gezeigter) Lüfter vorgesehen ist, der einen Luftstrom entlang der streifenförmigen Anlageelemente 18, 22, 22a und der entsprechenden Stege 26 fördert. figure 7 shows a perspective view of the fourth embodiment according to FIG figure 6 of the heater according to the invention with the radiator system composed of three radiators 1, 50. It can be seen that for each connection between two radiators 1, 50, two brackets 52 are provided on each side. The clamping block 38 and the fastening clip 34 are screwed onto the middle radiator 1 (cf. figure 3 ). The heater is in accordance with this figure 3 by attaching two further radiators 50 modularly expanded in such a way that its surface is increased many times over, and that the (in figure 7 not shown) only central PTC heating element can absorb a comparatively large amount of power and convert it into heat. This applies in particular if a fan (not shown) is added is provided, which promotes an air flow along the strip-shaped contact elements 18, 22, 22a and the corresponding webs 26.

Figur 8 zeigt den Heizer gemäß dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel aus Figur 3 in einer perspektivischen Ansicht insbesondere auf seine zweite breite Seite 14. Damit sind die weitere Nut 28a der zweiten breiten Seite 14 und darüber hinaus auch die Nut 28 der ersten schmalen Seite 16 sichtbar. Die beiden Nuten 28, 28a bieten zwei Befestigungsmöglichkeiten des Befestigungsclips 34. figure 8 FIG. 12 shows the heater according to the second embodiment figure 3 in a perspective view, in particular of its second wide side 14. Thus, the further groove 28a of the second wide side 14 and also the groove 28 of the first narrow side 16 are visible. The two grooves 28, 28a offer two fastening options for the fastening clip 34.

Ergänzend ist jeweils ein Zwischenstück 54 zu erkennen. Es ist zwischen dem Befestigungsclip 34 und dem Radiator 1 angeordnet und aus einem gut thermisch isolierenden Kunststoff, z.B. PPS gefertigt. Damit dient das Zwischenstück als thermische Isolierung des Befestigungsclips 34 gegenüber dem heißen Radiator 1. Zusätzlich dient das Zwischenstück 54 als Verdrehsicherung für den Befestigungsclip 34 gegenüber dem Radiator 1. Dazu hat das Zwischenstück 54 zwei Schultern 56, zwischen denen der Befestigungsclip 34 verdrehgesichert aufgenommen oder eingespannt ist.In addition, an intermediate piece 54 can be seen in each case. It is arranged between the fastening clip 34 and the radiator 1 and is made of a plastic with good thermal insulation properties, e.g. PPS. The intermediate piece thus serves as thermal insulation of the fastening clip 34 from the hot radiator 1. In addition, the intermediate piece 54 serves as an anti-rotation device for the fastening clip 34 in relation to the radiator 1. For this purpose, the intermediate piece 54 has two shoulders 56, between which the fastening clip 34 is accommodated or clamped in a manner secured against torsion is.

Figuren 9 und 10 zeigen den Befestigungsclip 34 und das Zwischenstück 54 aus Figur 8 jeweils in einer perspektivischen Darstellung. Das Zwischenstück 54 hat an seiner dem Radiator 1 zugewandten Seite zwei Nocken 58, die gemeinsam mit (dem Gewinde) der Schraube 36 eine Reihe bilden, und die gemeinsam in die Nut 28, 28a eintauchen. Damit dienen die beiden Nocken 58 als Verdrehsicherung des Zwischenstücks 54 gegenüber dem Radiator 1. Figures 9 and 10 show the fastening clip 34 and the intermediate piece 54 figure 8 each in a perspective view. The intermediate piece 54 has on its side facing the radiator 1 two cams 58 which together with (the thread) of the screw 36 form a row and which together dip into the groove 28, 28a. The two cams 58 thus serve to prevent the intermediate piece 54 from rotating relative to the radiator 1.

Figur 11 zeigt einen Ausschnitt des Heizers bzw. des Radiators 1 aus Figur 8 in einer geschnittenen Darstellung des Befestigungsclips 34 und des Zwischenstücks 54, die an der schmalen Seite 16 angeordnet sind. Die Schraube 36 und die beiden Nocken 58 haben etwa einen gleichen Durchmesser, der einer Breite der Nut 28 entspricht. Die in Figur 11 sichtbare Flanke der Nut 28 hat die Längsstruktur 60. figure 11 shows a section of the heater or radiator 1 figure 8 in a sectional representation of the fastening clip 34 and the intermediate piece 54, which are arranged on the narrow side 16. The screw 36 and the two cams 58 have approximately the same diameter, which corresponds to a width of the groove 28 . In the figure 11 The visible flank of the groove 28 has the longitudinal structure 60.

Die erste und die zweite Nut 28, die jeweils an einer schmalen Seiten 16 des Radiators 1 angeordnet sind, und die weitere Nut 28a, die an der zweiten breiten Seite 14 des Radiators 1 angeordnet ist, haben jeweils an ihren beiden Flanken eine derartige Längsstruktur 60. Damit wird den Schrauben 36, 48, die senkrecht zum Nutgrund eingeschraubt werden, fester Halt gegeben.The first and the second groove 28, which are each arranged on a narrow side 16 of the radiator 1, and the further groove 28a, which is arranged on the second wide side 14 of the radiator 1 have such a longitudinal structure 60 on both of their flanks. This provides a firm hold for the screws 36, 48, which are screwed in perpendicularly to the bottom of the groove.

Offenbart sind ein modularer Radiator für einen elektrischen Heizer und ein entsprechender elektrischer Heizer, wobei entweder ein Radiator alleine eingesetzt wird oder mehrere Radiatoren aneinander anliegend eingesetzt werden, um die Wärme eines oder mehrerer Heizelemente abzugeben.Disclosed is a modular radiator for an electric heater and a corresponding electric heater, wherein either one radiator is used alone or multiple radiators are used adjacent to each other to dissipate the heat of one or more heating elements.

Bezugszeichenlistereference list

11
Radiatorradiator
22
Hauptabschnittmain section
44
Dichtungpoetry
66
Litzestrand
88th
PTC-HeizelementPTC heating element
1010
Isolierhülleinsulating sleeve
1212
erste breite Seitefirst broad side
1414
zweite breite Seitesecond broad side
1616
schmale Seitenarrow side
1818
Anlageelementinvestment element
2020
Anlageflächecontact surface
2222
Anlageelementinvestment element
2424
Anlageflächecontact surface
22a22a
durch weitere Nut unterbrochenes AnlageelementContact element interrupted by another groove
24a24a
durch weitere Nut unterbrochene AnlageflächeContact surface interrupted by another groove
2626
Stegweb
2828
Nutgroove
28a28a
weitere Nutanother groove
3030
Schraubkanalscrew channel
3232
Mittelebenemidplane
3434
Befestigungsclipmounting clip
3636
Schraubescrew
3838
Klemmblockterminal block
4040
Schraubescrew
4242
Berührschutztouch protection
4444
Lüftungsschlitzair vent
4646
Tragabschnittcarrying section
4848
Schraubescrew
5050
weiterer Radiatoranother radiator
5252
Klammerbracket
5454
Zwischenstückspacer
5656
Schultershoulder
5858
Nockecam
6060
Längsstrukturlongitudinal structure

Claims (16)

  1. Radiator means having at least one radiator (1) which can be brought into heat-conducting connection with a PTC heating element (8) in order to form an electrical heater, wherein the at least one radiator (1) has a first group of contact surfaces (20), to which a further, substantially identically constructed radiator (50) is attachable and can be brought into heat-conducting connection, characterized in that the contact surfaces of the first group of contact surfaces (20) of the at least one radiator (1) have as a whole an outward curvature, wherein the curvature corresponds to a relaxed state of the at least one radiator (1).
  2. The radiator means according to claim 1, wherein the at least one radiator (1) is an extruded profile.
  3. The radiator means according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one radiator (1) has a second group of contact surfaces (24, 24a) to which a further, substantially identically constructed radiator (50) is attachable and can be brought into heat-conducting connection.
  4. The radiator means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one radiator (1) has an approximately rectangular outer frame in cross-section.
  5. The radiator means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the contact surfaces (20, 24, 24a) are arranged on respective planar strip-shaped contact elements (18, 22, 22a).
  6. The radiator means according to claim 5, wherein the contact elements (18, 22) are fixed via a respective web (26) to a main portion (2) into which the PTC heating element (8) is insertable in a heat-conducting manner.
  7. The radiator means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a groove (28, 28a) is provided in a narrow side (16) or in a broad side (12, 14), via which a shock-proof protection (42) or a fastening clip (34) for the at least one radiator (1) or the heater formed therewith is fixable thereto.
  8. The radiator means according to claim 7, wherein between the at least one radiator (1) and the shock-proof protection (42) or the fastening clip (34), an intermediate piece (54) is provided, which serves as an anti-rotation and/or thermal insulation part.
  9. The radiator means according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the groove (28) has a groove bottom over which a screw channel (30) is formed into which a screw (40) can be screwed along the groove (28).
  10. The radiator means according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one radiator (1) is symmetrical to a center plane (32).
  11. A heater with a radiator means according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a plurality of radiators (1, 50) which are in heat-conducting connection via respective contact surfaces (20), wherein a PTC heating element (8) is inserted in at least one of the radiators (1) so that this radiator (1) is in direct heat-conducting connection with the PTC heating element (8).
  12. The heater according to claim 11, wherein a central radiator (1) having two groups of contact surfaces (20, 24, 24a) is in heat-conducting connection with a respective outer radiator (50) via both groups of contact surfaces (20, 24, 24a), and wherein a PTC heating element (8) is inserted into the central radiator (1), so that the central radiator (1) is in direct heat-conducting connection with a PTC heating element (8), or wherein a respective PTC heating element (8) is inserted into each of the two outer radiators, so that these two radiators are in direct heat-conducting connection with the respective PTC heating element (8).
  13. The heater according to claim 11 or 12, wherein more than three radiators are in heat-conducting connection via their contact surfaces.
  14. A heater according to one of claims 11 to 13 with a radiator means according to claim 5, wherein the outer contact elements (18, 22) are encompassed and clamped against each other by clamps (52).
  15. A heater according to one of claims 11 to 14, which is configured as a tubular heater, wherein approximately circular segment-shaped adapters are provided on the radiators (1, 50).
  16. A heater according to one of claims 11 to 15, comprising a fan.
EP16797946.7A 2015-11-20 2016-11-18 Radiator means for an electrical heater and electrical heater Active EP3378279B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015120183.6A DE102015120183A1 (en) 2015-11-20 2015-11-20 Radiator assembly for an electric heater and electric heater
PCT/EP2016/078161 WO2017085269A1 (en) 2015-11-20 2016-11-18 Radiator arrangement for an electric heater, and electric heater

Publications (2)

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EP3378279A1 EP3378279A1 (en) 2018-09-26
EP3378279B1 true EP3378279B1 (en) 2022-04-13

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EP (1) EP3378279B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102015120183A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2913651T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3378279T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2017085269A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3582237A1 (en) * 2018-06-12 2019-12-18 Mahle International GmbH Ptc heating arrangement
TWD200403S (en) 2018-08-20 2019-10-21 德商斯泰格控股有限公司 Convector
DE102018124985B4 (en) * 2018-10-10 2022-05-05 Stego-Holding Gmbh Temperature control device and system

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EP0575649B1 (en) * 1992-06-23 1996-12-04 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Radiator
EP1847786B1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2012-01-11 STEGO-Holding GmbH Heating device

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ITMI20021226A1 (en) * 2002-06-05 2003-12-05 Cebi Spa ELECTRIC HEATER WITH PTC ELEMENTS PARTICULARLY FOR VEHICLE CABIN AERATION SYSTEMS
CN1882200A (en) * 2005-06-16 2006-12-20 富准精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Heat-conductive module
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0575649B1 (en) * 1992-06-23 1996-12-04 David & Baader DBK Spezialfabrik elektrischer Apparate und Heizwiderstände GmbH Radiator
EP1847786B1 (en) * 2006-04-19 2012-01-11 STEGO-Holding GmbH Heating device

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WO2017085269A1 (en) 2017-05-26
ES2913651T3 (en) 2022-06-03
PL3378279T3 (en) 2022-10-10
DE102015120183A1 (en) 2017-05-24
EP3378279A1 (en) 2018-09-26

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