EP3368461B1 - Safety element for deflector unit - Google Patents

Safety element for deflector unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3368461B1
EP3368461B1 EP16787877.6A EP16787877A EP3368461B1 EP 3368461 B1 EP3368461 B1 EP 3368461B1 EP 16787877 A EP16787877 A EP 16787877A EP 3368461 B1 EP3368461 B1 EP 3368461B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axle
securing element
carrier
elevator installation
installation according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
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EP16787877.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3368461A1 (en
Inventor
Christof MOSER
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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Publication of EP3368461A1 publication Critical patent/EP3368461A1/en
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Publication of EP3368461B1 publication Critical patent/EP3368461B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B15/00—Main component parts of mining-hoist winding devices
    • B66B15/02—Rope or cable carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B9/00—Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Elevator systems are usually installed in a shaft of a building and are used to transport people or goods.
  • the cabin movable in the vertical direction in the shaft is carried by suspension means, for example in the form of ropes or belts, the suspension means being connected to a drive for moving the cabin.
  • the cabin and / or a counterweight connected to the cabin via the suspension element is connected to the suspension element via one or more deflection units.
  • the car is assigned one or two deflection units and the counterweight is assigned a deflection unit.
  • deflecting units have been developed with a pulley and an axle mounted on a carrier, which in a first life cycle, a rotationally secure mounting of the axle is ensured in the carrier and in which when a certain torque is exceeded, the axis in a second life cycle rotatably in the carrier is stored.
  • a genus comparable comparable elevator system with a counterweight associated deflection unit having the described functionality with the two life cycles, is from the WO 2013/186092 A1 known.
  • At least one of the holding means is rotationally fixed relative to the carrier for a rotationally secure mounting of the axle in a first life cycle by an anti-rotation means.
  • the respective deflection unit can be operated optimally at least in the first life cycle.
  • the deflection roller can be turned with low noise and with little wear.
  • At least one deflection unit is designed such that when a certain torque between deflection roller and axle is exceeded, the anti-rotation means releases the corresponding (or the anti-rotation means associated) holding means and the axis is rotatably mounted in a second life cycle in the carrier between the holding means.
  • the lifetime of the axle attachment of the deflection unit is thus characterized by two life cycles. In the first life cycle, which roughly corresponds to a normal state, the axis in the carrier can not be rotated. In the subsequent second life cycle, which corresponds approximately to an emergency operating state, the axle can be rotated in the carrier, whereby the axial securing of the axle in the carrier is still ensured.
  • the diverter unit can also be better monitored. In the second life cycle, it may happen that the axle eats itself by wear in the carrier and a more or less vertically extending slot in the carrier arises. This phenomenon is easily observed, which simplifies monitoring of the diverter for maintenance personnel.
  • the one or more anti-rotation means comprise a secured to the carrier, for example, by material selection or shaping created weakening zone comprising securing element, wherein the securing element for the rotationally secure mounting of the axis in the first life cycle, the axis acts in a blocking position and wherein the securing element is configured such that the blocking position of the axis for creating the rotatable mounting of the axle with respect to the carrier in the second life cycle is canceled under force by exceeding a certain torque by deformation (eg by plastic deformation) and / or destruction of the weakening zone, a particularly advantageous, safe Deflection unit created.
  • the securing element can be a body, preferably formed by a plate, which can be fastened to the carrier, for example by means of a screw or in some other way.
  • the securing element is designed and secured to the carrier such that the securing element, after the blocking position has been released under the action of force when a certain torque is exceeded in the second life cycle with respect to the rotatable mounting of the axle in the carrier, remains on the carrier. This avoids that flying parts can cause damage.
  • the weakening zone of the securing element may be formed as a predetermined breaking point or contain a predetermined breaking point.
  • the securing element can be integrated to form the weakening zone at least one web preferably.
  • This web or at least one of the webs may be particularly preferably designed as a predetermined breaking point.
  • the securing element may have a fixing region, via which the securing element is fastened or fastened to the carrier, and a holding region, by means of which the axis is held or held by the securing element in the blocking position in the first life cycle.
  • the weakening zone can be the fixing area with the Connect holding area. The weakening zone is thus located between the fixing area and the holding area.
  • the securing element may have a fixing region, via which the securing element is fastened or fastened to the carrier, and a holding region, by means of which the axis is held or held by the securing element in the blocking position in the first life cycle; wherein the fixing region and the holding region is connected by the at least one web.
  • the securing element is preferably designed as a monolithic body.
  • the fixing region may have the shape of a ring.
  • the annular fixing region can form an active surface, which is acted upon or acted upon in a clamping manner by the screw head or a nut.
  • the securing element has at least two webs. Particularly preferred are two webs are provided. In this embodiment, it can be ensured, for example, that the fuse element also remains in the second life cycle after the blocking position of the axle has been released, because when exceeding the predetermined torque only one of the two webs breaks or is separated, while the other web indeed undergoes plastic deformation, but otherwise remains intact.
  • the fuse element may also have more than two webs for special applications.
  • the securing element with the plurality of webs may have a star-shaped arrangement of the webs.
  • the inner, annular fixing region can be connected to the outer holding region by radially and preferably straight webs. This may result in a star-shaped arrangement. However, other web geometries are also conceivable. Thus, the webs could have a serpentine or zigzag course. Also, a spiral shape is conceivable, in which case a web or to form a double spiral two webs would be provided for this case.
  • the webs may have a constant web width over the entire web length. However, it may be advantageous if the webs at least with respect to a plan view are formed radially inwardly tapered. For example, the respective web may have a trapezoidal shape.
  • the holding region has a substantially quadrangular outer contour.
  • This fuse element could be made easily from a square metal plate. Such a fuse element could therefore also be referred to as a "break plate”.
  • the retaining means may be formed on one side by an axle head integrally formed on the axle to form a shoulder-like abutment.
  • the axis with the axle head is preferably made monolithic and consists for example of a metallic material.
  • the axle may be a substantially rotationally symmetrical steel axle body. In this embodiment, therefore, the axle has a mushroom-shaped configuration, wherein the axle forms the abovementioned axle head ("mushroom shield"), to which an axle shaft adjoins in the axial direction.
  • the axle head is essentially cylindrical and has a larger diameter than the axle shaft.
  • axle head can simply be dimensioned so that a break or other destruction of the axle head is virtually impossible even with extremely strong mechanical stresses during operation of the elevator.
  • axle assembly with the mushroom-shaped axle body is easy to handle and allows easy and quick assembly and disassembly.
  • the rotationally secure mounting of the axle can be achieved in that at least one of the holding means, such as the aforementioned axle head has a predetermined by a plane surface anti-rotation portion which is supported on a securing element secured to the carrier.
  • the anti-rotation portion may be arranged in the peripheral region of the axle head.
  • the axle head has a cylindrical outer shape, the anti-rotation portion can be easily formed by chamfering the cylindrical peripheral surface.
  • the axle head can also have an anti-rotation portion protruding in the radial direction, which is fastened to the carrier, for example, by means of a screw connection.
  • the holding means is formed on at least one side by a separate component. It is particularly advantageous if on one side of the axis, the holding means is formed by the previously described axle head and on the opposite side of the holding means by the separate component. A simple assembly and disassembly of the deflection is ensured in this way.
  • FIG. 1 shows a generally designated 1 elevator system in a highly simplified and schematic representation.
  • the elevator installation (or shortly the elevator) 1 has a cabin 2 which can be moved vertically up and down in an elevator shaft 3 for the purpose of transporting People or goods on.
  • Supporting means 5 for supporting the car 2 and a counterweight 4 may be a rope or a plurality of ropes. Of course, other support means are conceivable, for example in the form of belts.
  • the car 2 and the counterweight 4 are each connected via deflecting units 7, 8, 9 with the support means 5.
  • a drive 6, for example a traction sheave drive is used, which is arranged by way of example in a separate machine room in the region of the shaft head.
  • elevator installation 1 is designed in a 2: 1 suspension configuration.
  • suspension variants eg 4: 1 would be conceivable.
  • a deflection unit may also be arranged in the region of the cabin roof.
  • FIG. 2 shows the region of the axis of rotation of the counterweight associated with the deflection unit 9, on which via the carrier 13, the (not shown) counterweight is suspended.
  • the deflecting unit 9 shown here could also be associated with the car 2 (7, 8, see Fig. 1) or even be arranged at another location in the elevator installation 1.
  • the deflection unit 9 comprises a deflection roller 11, on the circumference of which the support means (not shown here) is guided and deflected.
  • the deflection roller 11 is connected via a bearing 12 with an axis 10 and freely rotatably supported on the axis 10.
  • the bearing 12 may include one or more rolling bearings as required.
  • the axle 10 is fixed to a carrier 13.
  • the carrier 13 is connected to the (not shown) counterweight.
  • the carrier 13 has two mutually opposite walls 25 and 26, which are each provided with a bearing receptacle, through which the axis 10 is performed.
  • the axle 10 is secured in the axial direction on both sides.
  • the holding means for axially securing the axle on the carrier 13 is formed by an axle head 15 formed on the axle 10, which defines a shoulder-like stop.
  • the axial securing is achieved by a holding part 14 attached to the axle.
  • the securing part designated 20 is used for securing the holding part 14 in the position shown.
  • the axis 10 is rotatably connected to the carriers 13, wherein the rotation only acts on one side of the axle. This anti-rotation ensures the designated fuse element 16, which is bolted to the carrier 13.
  • the axle head 15 has a predetermined by a flat surface anti-rotation portion 21 which is supported on the fuse element 16.
  • the fuse element 16 is attached to the carrier 13 via a screw connection.
  • FIG. 3 shows, inter alia, that the holding part 14 is designed horseshoe-shaped.
  • the horseshoe-shaped holding part 14 has mutually opposite, parallel flanks 18 which cooperate with complementary form-fitting portions 19 and thus ensure a rotationally fixed fixation of the holding part 14 in the finished assembled position.
  • the holding part 14 surrounds the axis 10 with respect to the radial direction predetermined by the axis.
  • the holding part 14 is provided with threaded holes designed as receptacles for mounting screws 23.
  • the securing part 20 is designed annular and contains four to the threaded holes 27 corresponding through holes 28 through which the screws 23 are inserted.
  • the securing element 16 is formed by a plate-like body. Instead of the illustrated in a plan view square plate also other shapes for the component 16 could be selected. It should be noted that the securing element 16 on the side designated 38 has an edge or portion which cooperates with the anti-rotation portion 21 of the axis 10 and rests against this.
  • the securing element 16 has a hole 30, through which the screw 17 can be inserted and then screwed into the threaded bore in the wall 26 of the carrier 13.
  • the substantially cylindrically shaped axle head has an anti-rotation portion 21 created by chamfering. The anti-rotation portion 21 is supported on the fuse element 16 and thus causes the rotation of the axis 10.
  • the fuse element 16 is located in FIG. 4 in a blocking position.
  • the fastening screw 17 has a screw head 31 and an adjoining, threaded screw shank 32. Furthermore, a washer 33 can be seen, which lies after screwing the fastening screw 17 on an annular fixing region 34 of the securing element 16.
  • the annular fixing region 34 thus forms an active surface, which can be acted upon by clamping by the screw head 31. It is of course conceivable to design the screw connection in such a way that can be dispensed with the washer 33.
  • the securing element 16 is compressed. In this compression, the designated 38, the anti-rotation portion 21 facing side 38 of the fuse element 16 is pressed down permanently, whereby the blocking position is canceled. The securing element 16 is then plastically deformed and partially destroyed (see the following Fig. 7 ).
  • the securing element 16 has two webs 35 designed as predetermined breaking points for this special purpose. Regarding details of the exact configuration of the fuse element 16 is on the FIGS. 6 and 7 directed.
  • the mentioned torque can be precisely adjusted by choice of material, dimensioning and by shaping, in particular the web geometries of the fuse element 16.
  • the screw 17 remains intact even under excessive mechanical action, whereby the securing element 16 remains together with the screw 17 in any case on the carrier 13. The screw 17 thus does not represent a predetermined breaking element.
  • the axle 10 is still secured against undesired movement in the axial direction.
  • the service person discovers the axle 10 rotating in the carrier 13, it may take repair or repair measures.
  • the axis 10 is thus rotatably received in the carrier 13 in a second life cycle of the deflection unit. Tests have shown that the rotating axle 10 can, after some time by wear, to a certain extent eat into the carrier 13 and a more or less vertically extending slot arises in the carrier. Thanks to the special axle arrangement, however, an axial securing is ensured at all times, so that the axle 10 can not fall out of the carrier 13 or move away. The possibly resulting slot also allows for easy monitoring of the deflection unit.
  • axle head 15 could also have an anti-rotation portion protruding in the radial direction or a special shape in the peripheral area. It would even be conceivable to weld the plate body of the security element 16 to the axle head 15.
  • FIG. 5 shows the individual components of the axle assembly containing the axis 10 with the axis formed on the axle head 15, designed as a plate securing element 16, the holding part 14 and the securing member 20.
  • the axis 10 is designed to be mushroom-shaped, the axis head 15 the "mushroom umbrella” forms.
  • the axle shaft 24 adjoining the axle head in the axial direction has a smaller diameter D1 than the diameter D2 of the axle head 15.
  • the axle shaft 24 can be fitted in corresponding bearing receptacles of the carrier.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a fuse element 16 in the original state.
  • the securing element 16 is installed in the respective deflection unit and ensures the previously described rotation of the axis 10.
  • the fuse element 16 has two by arcuate recesses 36 created webs 35.
  • the recesses 36 and the through hole 30 in the form of a bore can be easily created, for example, by machining processes.
  • a full, square metal plate eg steel
  • the securing element 16 has an inner, annular fixing region 34 and an outer holding region 37 with a quadrangular outer contour.
  • the inner, annular fixing region 34 is connected to the outer holding region 37 via the two webs 35.
  • the annular fixing region 34 serves for fastening the securing element 16 to the carrier 13 (not shown here) of the deflection unit.
  • the annular fixing region 34 forms an active surface, which can be acted upon by clamping by the screw head (31) of the fastening screw (17) (cf. Fig. 4 ).
  • the (not shown here) axis is held on the holding portion 37 in the blocking position for a rotationally secure mounting of the axis in the first life cycle.
  • the webs 35 extend from the annular fixing region 34 in the radial direction outward to the outer holding portion 37.
  • the webs 35 are tapered in plan view radially inwardly, wherein they are shaped like a trapezoid.
  • the securing element 16 Under the action of force when the predetermined torque of the axle is exceeded, the securing element 16 is changed as follows: The side 38 of the securing element 16 is pressed down by the rotating axle and causes deformation and partial destruction of the securing element 16 FIG. 7 shown. When pressing down on page 38, one of the bars was apparently broken; while the other bridge 35 has been plastically deformed, but otherwise remains intact. A residual web of the broken web is designated 35 '. Consequently, the securing element 16 formed from a quadrangular metal plate could also be referred to as a "break plate". Thanks to the in FIG. 7 By way of example, the left web 35, which does not undergo any separation in contrast to the other web, can ensure that the securing element 16 remains on the carrier 13.
  • FIG. 7 relates to the second life cycle in which the axle 10 is rotatably mounted in the carrier 13.
  • the inventive fuse element could, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 6 also have only one web or more than two webs.
  • the webs should preferably be arranged in a star shape.
  • an indentation, a constriction or possibly a perforation line can be arranged in the respective web.
  • the securing element could also have other weakening zones, which are deformable and / or destructible in order to cancel the blocking position of the axis with regard to the desired second life cycle.
  • the weakening zone could be formed, for example, by a plastically deformable material, for example a crushable plastic material, which is plastically deformed when excessive force is applied.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Aufzugsanlage gemäss dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to an elevator installation according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aufzugsanlagen sind in der Regel in einem Schacht eines Gebäudes eingebaut und dienen dem Transport von Personen oder Gütern. Die in vertikaler Richtung im Schacht bewegbare Kabine wird mit Tragmitteln beispielsweise in Form von Seilen oder Riemen getragen, wobei die Tragmittel zum Bewegen der Kabine mit einem Antrieb verbunden sind. Je nach Ausgestaltung der Aufzugsanlage ist die Kabine und/oder ein mit der Kabine über das Tragmittel verbundenes Gegengewicht über eine oder mehrere Umlenkeinheiten mit dem Tragmittel verbunden. Bei einer 2:1-Aufhängung sind beispielsweise der Kabine eine oder zwei Umlenkeinheiten und dem Gegengewicht eine Umlenkeinheit zugeordnet.Elevator systems are usually installed in a shaft of a building and are used to transport people or goods. The cabin movable in the vertical direction in the shaft is carried by suspension means, for example in the form of ropes or belts, the suspension means being connected to a drive for moving the cabin. Depending on the configuration of the elevator installation, the cabin and / or a counterweight connected to the cabin via the suspension element is connected to the suspension element via one or more deflection units. In the case of a 2: 1 suspension, for example, the car is assigned one or two deflection units and the counterweight is assigned a deflection unit.

Umlenkeinheiten verfügen über eine oder mehrere Umlenkrollen, die beispielsweise unter Verwendung von Wälzlagern frei drehbar gelagert ist bzw. sind. Die Achse ist an einem Träger, an dem die Kabine oder das Gegengewicht an- oder aufgehängt ist, befestigt. Diese Achsenbefestigung kann bei den für Aufzugsanlagen bekannten Umlenkeinheiten zu Problemen führen. In seltenen Fällen kann es beispielsweise wegen mangelnder oder unterlassener Wartung vorkommen, dass sich die Umlenkrolle nicht mehr frei in Bezug auf die Achse drehen lässt, wodurch hohe Drehmomente zwischen Umlenkrolle und Achse auftreten können. Dies kann sich negativ auf die Achsenbefestigung auswirken. In Extremfällen könnte die Achse aus dem Träger wegwandern, was zu Unfällen führen kann.Diverters have one or more pulleys, which is freely rotatably mounted, for example using rolling bearings or are. The axle is attached to a support to which the cab or counterweight is suspended or suspended. This axle attachment can lead to problems in the deflection units known for elevator systems. In rare cases, it may happen, for example, due to lack of or failure to maintain that the pulley is no longer free to rotate with respect to the axis, which high torques between pulley and axle can occur. This can have a negative effect on the axle mounting. In extreme cases, the axle could migrate out of the carrier, which can lead to accidents.

Zum Verhindern derartiger Unfälle wurden Umlenkeinheiten mit einer Umlenkrolle und einer an einem Träger befestigten Achse entwickelt, bei welchen in einem ersten Lebenszyklus eine verdrehsichere Lagerung der Achse im Träger sichergestellt ist und bei welchen bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Drehmoments die Achse in einem zweiten Lebenszyklus drehbar im Träger gelagert ist. Eine gattungsmässig vergleichbare Aufzugsanlage mit einer dem Gegengewicht zugeordneten Umlenkeinheit, die die beschriebene Funktionalität mit den zwei Lebenszyklen aufweist, ist aus der WO 2013/186092 A1 bekannt geworden.To prevent such accidents deflecting units have been developed with a pulley and an axle mounted on a carrier, which in a first life cycle, a rotationally secure mounting of the axle is ensured in the carrier and in which when a certain torque is exceeded, the axis in a second life cycle rotatably in the carrier is stored. A genus comparable comparable elevator system with a counterweight associated deflection unit having the described functionality with the two life cycles, is from the WO 2013/186092 A1 known.

Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung eine Aufzugsanlage zu schaffen, mit der die Betriebssicherheit weiter erhöht werden kann.It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator system, with the the operational safety can be further increased.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäss mit einer Aufzugsanlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Da die Haltemittel zum axialen Sichern der Achse am Träger wenigstens für spezielle Betriebszustände (zum Beispiel nachdem die Anlage unsachgemäss oder nicht gewartet wurde und deswegen die Umlenkrolle plötzlich und unvorhergesehen sich nicht mehr völlig frei drehen lässt) eine Drehung der Achse im Träger möglich ist, kann die Gefahr von Betriebsstörungen oder Unfällen im Vergleich zu Aufzugsanlagen mit konventionellen Umlenkeinheiten erheblich reduziert werden. Mit dieser Anordnung ist gewährleistet, dass ein unbeabsichtigtes Entweichen der Achse aus dem Träger durch axiales Wegwandern bei übermässiger mechanischer Belastung praktisch ausgeschlossen werden kann. Besonders vorteilhaft wird die Achsenanordnung und -befestigung in der dem Gegengewicht zugeordneten Umlenkeinheit eingesetzt. Wenigstens eines der Haltemittel ist dabei für eine drehsichere Lagerung der Achse in einem ersten Lebenszyklus durch ein Drehsicherungsmittel drehfest in Bezug auf den Träger fixiert. Mit einer derartigen Anordnung lässt sich die jeweilige Umlenkeinheit wenigstens im ersten Lebenszyklus in optimaler Weise betreiben. Beispielsweise lässt sich die Umlenkrolle geräuscharm und mit geringem Verschleiss drehen.This object is achieved according to the invention with an elevator installation with the features of claim 1. Since the holding means for axially securing the axle to the carrier at least for special operating conditions (for example, after the system was improperly or not maintained and therefore the pulley suddenly and unforeseen can not turn completely free) rotation of the axle in the carrier is possible the risk of breakdowns or accidents compared to lifts with conventional deflection units are significantly reduced. With this arrangement, it is ensured that an unintentional escape of the axle from the carrier can be virtually ruled out by axial travel away in the event of excessive mechanical stress. Particularly advantageously, the axle arrangement and fastening is used in the deflection unit associated with the counterweight. At least one of the holding means is rotationally fixed relative to the carrier for a rotationally secure mounting of the axle in a first life cycle by an anti-rotation means. With such an arrangement, the respective deflection unit can be operated optimally at least in the first life cycle. For example, the deflection roller can be turned with low noise and with little wear.

Wenigstens eine Umlenkeinheit ist derart ausgeführt, dass bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Drehmoments zwischen Umlenkrolle und Achse das Drehsicherungsmittel das entsprechende (bzw. das dem Drehsicherungsmittel zugeordnete) Haltemittel freigibt und die Achse in einem zweiten Lebenszyklus drehbar im Träger zwischen den Haltemitteln gelagert ist. Die Lebensdauer der Achsenbefestigung der Umlenkeinheit zeichnet sich somit durch zwei Lebenszyklen aus. Im ersten Lebenszyklus, der in etwa einem Normalzustand entspricht, lässt sich die Achse im Träger nicht drehen. Im darauffolgenden zweiten Lebenszyklus, der in etwa einem Notbetriebs-Zustand entspricht, lässt sich die Achse im Träger drehen, wobei nach wie vor die axiale Sicherung der Achse im Träger sichergestellt ist. Durch die Aufteilung der Lebensdauer in zwei Zyklen lässt sich die Umlenkeinheit auch besser überwachen. Im zweiten Lebenszyklus kann es passieren, dass die Achse durch Abnutzung sich gewissermassen in den Träger frisst und ein mehr oder weniger vertikal verlaufendes Langloch im Träger entsteht. Dieses Phänomen lässt sich einfach beobachten, wodurch das Monitoring der Umlenkeinheit für das Wartungspersonal vereinfacht wird.At least one deflection unit is designed such that when a certain torque between deflection roller and axle is exceeded, the anti-rotation means releases the corresponding (or the anti-rotation means associated) holding means and the axis is rotatably mounted in a second life cycle in the carrier between the holding means. The lifetime of the axle attachment of the deflection unit is thus characterized by two life cycles. In the first life cycle, which roughly corresponds to a normal state, the axis in the carrier can not be rotated. In the subsequent second life cycle, which corresponds approximately to an emergency operating state, the axle can be rotated in the carrier, whereby the axial securing of the axle in the carrier is still ensured. By dividing the service life into two cycles, the diverter unit can also be better monitored. In the second life cycle, it may happen that the axle eats itself by wear in the carrier and a more or less vertically extending slot in the carrier arises. This phenomenon is easily observed, which simplifies monitoring of the diverter for maintenance personnel.

Dadurch, dass das oder die Drehsicherungsmittel ein am Träger befestigtes, eine beispielsweise durch Materialwahl oder Formgebung geschaffene Schwächungszone aufweisendes Sicherungselement umfassen, wobei das Sicherungselement für die verdrehsichere Lagerung der Achse im ersten Lebenszyklus die Achse in einer Blockierstellung beaufschlägt und wobei das Sicherungselement derart ausgestaltet ist, dass unter Krafteinwirkung bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Drehmoments durch Verformung (z.B. durch plastische Deformation) und/oder Zerstörung der Schwächungszone die Blockierstellung der Achse zum Erstellen der drehbaren Lagerung der Achse in Bezug auf den Träger im zweiten Lebenszyklus aufgehoben wird, wird eine besonders vorteilhafte, sichere Umlenkeinheit geschaffen.Characterized in that the one or more anti-rotation means comprise a secured to the carrier, for example, by material selection or shaping created weakening zone comprising securing element, wherein the securing element for the rotationally secure mounting of the axis in the first life cycle, the axis acts in a blocking position and wherein the securing element is configured such that the blocking position of the axis for creating the rotatable mounting of the axle with respect to the carrier in the second life cycle is canceled under force by exceeding a certain torque by deformation (eg by plastic deformation) and / or destruction of the weakening zone, a particularly advantageous, safe Deflection unit created.

Das Sicherungselement kann ein vorzugsweise durch eine Platte gebildeter Körper sein, der beispielsweise über eine Schraube oder auf andere Art und Weise am Träger befestigt sein kann.The securing element can be a body, preferably formed by a plate, which can be fastened to the carrier, for example by means of a screw or in some other way.

Vorzugsweise ist das Sicherungselement derart ausgestaltet und am Träger befestigt, dass das Sicherungselement, nachdem die Blockierstellung unter Krafteinwirkung bei Überschreiten eines bestimmten Drehmoments im zweiten Lebenszyklus im Hinblick auf die drehbare Lagerung der Achse im Träger aufgehoben wurde, am Träger verbleibt. Dadurch kann vermieden werden, dass wegfliegende Teile Beschädigungen verursachen können.Preferably, the securing element is designed and secured to the carrier such that the securing element, after the blocking position has been released under the action of force when a certain torque is exceeded in the second life cycle with respect to the rotatable mounting of the axle in the carrier, remains on the carrier. This avoids that flying parts can cause damage.

Die Schwächungszone des Sicherungselements kann als Sollbruchstelle ausgebildet sein oder eine Sollbruchstelle enthalten.The weakening zone of the securing element may be formed as a predetermined breaking point or contain a predetermined breaking point.

Im Sicherungselement kann bevorzugt zum Bilden der Schwächungszone wenigstens ein Steg integriert sein. Dieser Steg oder wenigstens einer der Stege kann dabei besonders bevorzugt als Sollbruchstelle ausgebildet sein.In the securing element can be integrated to form the weakening zone at least one web preferably. This web or at least one of the webs may be particularly preferably designed as a predetermined breaking point.

Das Sicherungselement kann einen Fixierbereich, über den das Sicherungselement am Träger befestigt oder befestigbar ist, und einen Haltebereich, über den die Achse durch das Sicherungselement in der Blockierstellung im ersten Lebenszyklus gehalten oder haltbar ist, aufweisen. Die Schwächungszone kann dabei den Fixierbereich mit dem Haltebereich verbinden. Die Schwächungszone befindet sich somit zwischen Fixierbereich und Haltebereich.The securing element may have a fixing region, via which the securing element is fastened or fastened to the carrier, and a holding region, by means of which the axis is held or held by the securing element in the blocking position in the first life cycle. The weakening zone can be the fixing area with the Connect holding area. The weakening zone is thus located between the fixing area and the holding area.

Das Sicherungselement kann einen Fixierbereich, über den das Sicherungselement am Träger befestigt oder befestigbar ist, und einen Haltebereich, über den die Achse durch das Sicherungselement in der Blockierstellung im ersten Lebenszyklus gehalten oder haltbar ist, aufweisen; wobei der Fixierbereich und der Haltebereich durch den wenigstens einen Steg verbunden ist. Das Sicherungselement ist vorzugsweise als monolithischer Körper ausgestaltet.The securing element may have a fixing region, via which the securing element is fastened or fastened to the carrier, and a holding region, by means of which the axis is held or held by the securing element in the blocking position in the first life cycle; wherein the fixing region and the holding region is connected by the at least one web. The securing element is preferably designed as a monolithic body.

Der Fixierbereich kann die Form eines Rings aufweisen. Bei Verwendung von Schrauben für die Befestigung des Sicherungselements an den Träger kann der ringförmige Fixierbereich eine Wirkfläche bilden, die vom Schraubenkopf oder einer Schraubenmutter klemmend beaufschlagt oder beaufschlagbar ist.The fixing region may have the shape of a ring. When using screws for the attachment of the securing element to the carrier, the annular fixing region can form an active surface, which is acted upon or acted upon in a clamping manner by the screw head or a nut.

Vorteilhaft ist es, wenn das Sicherungselement wenigstens zwei Stege aufweist. Besonders bevorzugt sind dabei zwei Stege vorgesehen. In dieser Ausführung kann zum Beispiel sichergestellt werden, dass das Sicherungselement auch im zweiten Lebenszyklus, nachdem die Blockierstellung der Achse aufgehoben wurde, am Träger verbleibt, da bei Überschreiten des vorbestimmten Drehmoments nur einer der beiden Stege bricht oder abgetrennt wird, während der andere Steg zwar eine plastische Deformierung erfährt, jedoch ansonsten unversehrt bleibt. Das Sicherungselement kann für besondere Anwendungsfälle aber auch mehr als zwei Stege aufweisen. Das Sicherungselement mit den mehreren Stegen kann dabei eine sternförmige Anordnung der Stege aufweisen.It is advantageous if the securing element has at least two webs. Particularly preferred are two webs are provided. In this embodiment, it can be ensured, for example, that the fuse element also remains in the second life cycle after the blocking position of the axle has been released, because when exceeding the predetermined torque only one of the two webs breaks or is separated, while the other web indeed undergoes plastic deformation, but otherwise remains intact. The fuse element may also have more than two webs for special applications. The securing element with the plurality of webs may have a star-shaped arrangement of the webs.

Der innere, ringförmige Fixierbereich kann durch radial und vorzugsweise gerade verlaufende Stege mit dem äusseren Haltebereich verbunden sein. Dadurch kann sich eine sternförmige Anordnung ergeben. Es sind aber auch andere Steg-Geometrien vorstellbar. So könnten die Stege einen schlangenlinienförmigen oder zickzackförmigen Verlauf aufweisen. Auch eine Spiralform ist denkbar, wobei für diesen Fall ein Steg oder zum Bilden einer Doppelspirale zwei Stege vorzusehen wäre.The inner, annular fixing region can be connected to the outer holding region by radially and preferably straight webs. This may result in a star-shaped arrangement. However, other web geometries are also conceivable. Thus, the webs could have a serpentine or zigzag course. Also, a spiral shape is conceivable, in which case a web or to form a double spiral two webs would be provided for this case.

Die Stege können eine über die gesamte Steglänge gleichbleibende Stegbreite aufweisen. Es kann jedoch vorteilhaft sein, wenn die Stege wenigstens in Bezug auf eine Draufsicht radial nach innen verjüngend ausgebildet sind. Zum Beispiel kann der jeweilige Steg eine Trapezform aufweisen.The webs may have a constant web width over the entire web length. However, it may be advantageous if the webs at least with respect to a plan view are formed radially inwardly tapered. For example, the respective web may have a trapezoidal shape.

Weiter kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn der Haltebereich eine im Wesentlichen viereckige Aussenkontur aufweist. Dieses Sicherungselement könnte aus einer viereckigen Metallplatte einfach hergestellt werden. Ein derartiges Sicherungselement könnte daher auch als "Bruchplatte" bezeichnet werden.Furthermore, it may be advantageous if the holding region has a substantially quadrangular outer contour. This fuse element could be made easily from a square metal plate. Such a fuse element could therefore also be referred to as a "break plate".

Das Haltemittel kann auf einer Seite durch einen an der Achse angeformten Achsenkopf zum Bilden eines schulterartigen Anschlags gebildet sein. Die Achse mit dem Achsenkopf ist vorzugsweise monolithisch ausgeführt und besteht beispielsweise aus einem metallischen Werkstoff. Die Achse kann ein im Wesentlichen rotationssymmetrischer Achsenkörper aus Stahl sein. Die Achse weist in dieser Ausführungsvariante somit eine pilzförmige Konfiguration auf, wobei die Achse den erwähnten Achsenkopf ("Pilzschirm") bildet, an den in axialer Richtung ein Achsenstiel anschliesst. Der Achsenkopf ist im Wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgebildet und weist einen grösseren Durchmesser als der Achsenstiel auf. Ein derart starr mit der Achse verbundenes Haltemittel führt zu einer besonders grossen Stabilität der Achsenbefestigung. Der Achsenkopf kann einfach derart dimensioniert werden, dass ein Abbrechen oder eine andere Zerstörung des Achsenkopfs auch bei ausserordentlich starken mechanischen Beanspruchungen während des Betriebs des Aufzugs praktisch unmöglich ist. Die Achsenanordnung mit dem pilzförmigen Achsenkörper ist im Übrigen einfach in der Handhabung und ermöglicht eine einfache und schnelle Montage und Demontage.The retaining means may be formed on one side by an axle head integrally formed on the axle to form a shoulder-like abutment. The axis with the axle head is preferably made monolithic and consists for example of a metallic material. The axle may be a substantially rotationally symmetrical steel axle body. In this embodiment, therefore, the axle has a mushroom-shaped configuration, wherein the axle forms the abovementioned axle head ("mushroom shield"), to which an axle shaft adjoins in the axial direction. The axle head is essentially cylindrical and has a larger diameter than the axle shaft. Such a rigidly connected to the axis holding means leads to a particularly high stability of the axle attachment. The axle head can simply be dimensioned so that a break or other destruction of the axle head is virtually impossible even with extremely strong mechanical stresses during operation of the elevator. Incidentally, the axle assembly with the mushroom-shaped axle body is easy to handle and allows easy and quick assembly and disassembly.

Die drehsichere Lagerung der Achse lässt sich dadurch erreichen, indem wenigstens eines der Haltemittel, wie etwa der vorerwähnte Achsenkopf einen vorzugsweise durch eine plane Fläche vorgegebenen Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt aufweist, der sich an einem am Träger befestigten Sicherungselement abstützt. Der Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt kann im Umfangsbereich des Achsenkopfes angeordnet sein. Wenn der Achsenkopf beispielsweise eine zylindrische Aussenform aufweist, kann der Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt durch Anfasen der zylindrischen Umfangsfläche auf einfache Art und Weise gebildet werden. Anstelle eines durch Anfasen geschaffenen Verdrehsicherungsabschnitts kann der Achsenkopf auch einen in radialer Richtung wegragenden Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt aufweisen, der beispielsweise mittels einer Schraubverbindung am Träger befestigt ist.The rotationally secure mounting of the axle can be achieved in that at least one of the holding means, such as the aforementioned axle head has a predetermined by a plane surface anti-rotation portion which is supported on a securing element secured to the carrier. The anti-rotation portion may be arranged in the peripheral region of the axle head. For example, if the axle head has a cylindrical outer shape, the anti-rotation portion can be easily formed by chamfering the cylindrical peripheral surface. Instead of an anti-rotation section created by chamfering, the axle head can also have an anti-rotation portion protruding in the radial direction, which is fastened to the carrier, for example, by means of a screw connection.

Weiter kann es vorteilhaft sein, wenn das Haltemittel auf wenigstens einer Seite durch ein separates Bauteil gebildet wird. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei, wenn auf einer Seite der Achse das Haltemittel durch den vorgängig beschriebenen Achsenkopf und auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite das Haltemittel durch das separate Bauteil gebildet wird. Eine einfache Montage und Demontage der Umlenkeinheit ist auf diese Weise gewährleistet.Further, it may be advantageous if the holding means is formed on at least one side by a separate component. It is particularly advantageous if on one side of the axis, the holding means is formed by the previously described axle head and on the opposite side of the holding means by the separate component. A simple assembly and disassembly of the deflection is ensured in this way.

Weitere Einzelmerkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels und aus den Zeichnungen. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine vereinfachte Darstellung einer Aufzugsanlage in einer Seitenansicht,
Figur 2
einen Ausschnitt eines Querschnitts durch eine Umlenkeinheit der Aufzugsanlage gemäss Figur 1,
Figur 3
eine perspektivische Ansicht einer Seite der Umlenkeinheit aus Figur 2 in einer teilweisen Explosionsdarstellung,
Figur 4
die andere Seite der Umlenkeinheit aus Figur 2,
Figur 5
eine perspektivische Explosionsdarstellung der Achsenanordnung für die Umlenkeinheit gemäss Figur 2,
Figur 6
ein Sicherungselement für die verdrehsichere Lagerung der Achse der Umlenkeinheit gemäss Figur 2, und
Figur 7
das Sicherungselement aus Figur 6 nach der Krafteinwirkung durch Überschreiten des bestimmten Drehmoments zwischen Umlenkrolle und Achse der Umlenkeinheit.
Further individual features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment and from the drawings. Show it:
FIG. 1
a simplified representation of an elevator installation in a side view,
FIG. 2
a section of a cross section through a deflection of the elevator installation according to FIG. 1 .
FIG. 3
a perspective view of one side of the deflection of FIG. 2 in a partially exploded view,
FIG. 4
the other side of the deflection from FIG. 2 .
FIG. 5
an exploded perspective view of the axle assembly for the deflection according to FIG. 2 .
FIG. 6
a securing element for the torsion-resistant mounting of the axis of the deflection according to FIG. 2 , and
FIG. 7
the fuse element FIG. 6 after the action of force by exceeding the specific torque between the deflection roller and the axis of the deflection unit.

Figur 1 zeigt eine insgesamt mit 1 bezeichnete Aufzugsanlage in einer stark vereinfachten und schematisierten Darstellung. Die Aufzugsanlage (bzw. kurz der Aufzug) 1 weist eine in einem Aufzugsschacht 3 vertikal auf und ab bewegbare Kabine 2 zum Transport von Personen oder Gütern auf. Tragmittel 5 zum Tragen der Kabine 2 und eines Gegengewichts 4 können ein Seil oder mehrere Seile sein. Selbstverständlich sind aber auch andere Tragmittel beispielsweise in Form von Riemen denkbar. Die Kabine 2 und das Gegengewicht 4 sind jeweils über Umlenkeinheiten 7, 8, 9 mit dem Tragmittel 5 verbunden. Zum Bewegen der Kabine 2 und des Gegengewichts 4 wird ein Antrieb 6, beispielsweise ein Treibscheiben-Antrieb, eingesetzt, der beispielhaft in einem separaten Maschinenraum im Bereich des Schachtkopfs angeordnet ist. Die nachfolgend im Detail näher beschriebenen speziellen Umlenkeinheiten wären selbstverständlich auch für andere Aufzüge und insbesondere auch für sogenannte maschinenraumlose Aufzüge geeignet. Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Aufzugsanlage 1 ist in einer 2:1-Aufhängungs-Konfiguration ausgeführt. Selbstverständlich wären aber auch andere Aufhängungsvarianten (z.B. 4:1) denkbar. Weiterhin könnten anstatt der in Figur 1 gezeigten Unterschlingung der Kabine 2 eine Umlenkeinheit auch im Bereich des Kabinendachs angeordnet sein. FIG. 1 shows a generally designated 1 elevator system in a highly simplified and schematic representation. The elevator installation (or shortly the elevator) 1 has a cabin 2 which can be moved vertically up and down in an elevator shaft 3 for the purpose of transporting People or goods on. Supporting means 5 for supporting the car 2 and a counterweight 4 may be a rope or a plurality of ropes. Of course, other support means are conceivable, for example in the form of belts. The car 2 and the counterweight 4 are each connected via deflecting units 7, 8, 9 with the support means 5. To move the car 2 and the counterweight 4, a drive 6, for example a traction sheave drive, is used, which is arranged by way of example in a separate machine room in the region of the shaft head. Of course, the special deflection units described in more detail below would also be suitable for other elevators and, in particular, for so-called machine room-less elevators. In the FIG. 1 illustrated elevator installation 1 is designed in a 2: 1 suspension configuration. Of course, other suspension variants (eg 4: 1) would be conceivable. Furthermore, instead of in FIG. 1 shown unterschlingung the car 2 a deflection unit may also be arranged in the region of the cabin roof.

Technische Details zum Aufbau einer Umlenkeinheit sind aus Figur 2 sowie aus den Figuren 3 bis 5 ersichtlich. Figur 2 zeigt den Bereich der Drehachse der dem Gegengewicht zugeordneten Umlenkeinheit 9, an der über den Träger 13 das (hier nicht dargestellte) Gegengewicht aufgehängt ist. Die hier dargestellte Umlenkeinheit 9 könnte aber auch der Kabine 2 zugeordnet sein (7, 8; vgl. Fig.l) oder sogar an einem anderen Ort in der Aufzugsanlage 1 angeordnet sein. Die Umlenkeinheit 9 umfasst eine Umlenkrolle 11, an deren Umfang das (hier nicht dargestellte) Tragmittel geführt und umgelenkt wird. Die Umlenkrolle 11 ist über ein Lager 12 mit einer Achse 10 verbunden und frei drehbar auf der Achse 10 gelagert. Das Lager 12 kann zum Beispiel je nach Anforderung ein oder mehrere Wälzlager enthalten. Die Achse 10 ist an einem Träger 13 befestigt. Der Träger 13 ist mit dem (nicht dargestellten) Gegengewicht verbunden. Der Träger 13 weist zwei einander gegenüberliegende Wände 25 und 26 auf, die jeweils mit einer Lageraufnahme versehen sind, durch die die Achse 10 durchgeführt ist. Die Achse 10 ist in axialer Richtung auf beiden Seiten gesichert. Auf einer Seite wird das Haltemittel zum axialen Sichern der Achse am Träger 13 durch einen an der Achse 10 angeformten Achsenkopf 15 gebildet, der einen schulterartigen Anschlag vorgibt. Auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite wird die axiale Sicherung durch ein an die Achse angebrachtes Halteteil 14 erreicht. Zum Sichern des Halteteils 14 in der gezeigten Position dient das mit 20 bezeichnete Sicherungsteil.Technical details for the construction of a deflection unit are off FIG. 2 and from FIGS. 3 to 5. FIG. 2 shows the region of the axis of rotation of the counterweight associated with the deflection unit 9, on which via the carrier 13, the (not shown) counterweight is suspended. However, the deflecting unit 9 shown here could also be associated with the car 2 (7, 8, see Fig. 1) or even be arranged at another location in the elevator installation 1. The deflection unit 9 comprises a deflection roller 11, on the circumference of which the support means (not shown here) is guided and deflected. The deflection roller 11 is connected via a bearing 12 with an axis 10 and freely rotatably supported on the axis 10. For example, the bearing 12 may include one or more rolling bearings as required. The axle 10 is fixed to a carrier 13. The carrier 13 is connected to the (not shown) counterweight. The carrier 13 has two mutually opposite walls 25 and 26, which are each provided with a bearing receptacle, through which the axis 10 is performed. The axle 10 is secured in the axial direction on both sides. On one side, the holding means for axially securing the axle on the carrier 13 is formed by an axle head 15 formed on the axle 10, which defines a shoulder-like stop. On the opposite side, the axial securing is achieved by a holding part 14 attached to the axle. For securing the holding part 14 in the position shown, the securing part designated 20 is used.

Die Achse 10 ist drehfest mit den Trägern 13 verbunden, wobei die Verdrehsicherung lediglich auf einer Seite der Achse angreift. Diese Verdrehsicherung stellt das mit 16 bezeichnete Sicherungselement sicher, das an den Träger 13 angeschraubt ist. Der Achsenkopf 15 weist einen durch eine plane Fläche vorgegebenen Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt 21 auf, der sich am Sicherungselement 16 abstützt. Das Sicherungselement 16 ist am Träger 13 über eine Schraubverbindung befestigt.The axis 10 is rotatably connected to the carriers 13, wherein the rotation only acts on one side of the axle. This anti-rotation ensures the designated fuse element 16, which is bolted to the carrier 13. The axle head 15 has a predetermined by a flat surface anti-rotation portion 21 which is supported on the fuse element 16. The fuse element 16 is attached to the carrier 13 via a screw connection.

Aus Figur 3 geht unter anderem hervor, dass das Halteteil 14 hufeisenförmig ausgestaltet ist. Das hufeisenförmige Halteteil 14 weist einander gegenüberliegende, parallele Flanken 18 auf, die mit komplementären Formschlussabschnitten 19 zusammenwirken und so eine drehfeste Fixierung des Halteteils 14 in fertig zusammengesetzter Position gewährleisten. In eingesetzter Position umgibt das Halteteil 14 die Achse 10 in Bezug auf die durch die Achse vorgegebene radiale Richtung. Das Halteteil 14 ist mit als Gewindebohrungen ausgestalteten Aufnahmen für Befestigungsschrauben 23 versehen. Das Sicherungsteil 20 ist ringförmig ausgestaltet und enthält vier zu den Gewindebohrungen 27 korrespondierende Durchgangslöcher 28, durch die die Schrauben 23 einführbar sind.Out FIG. 3 shows, inter alia, that the holding part 14 is designed horseshoe-shaped. The horseshoe-shaped holding part 14 has mutually opposite, parallel flanks 18 which cooperate with complementary form-fitting portions 19 and thus ensure a rotationally fixed fixation of the holding part 14 in the finished assembled position. In the inserted position, the holding part 14 surrounds the axis 10 with respect to the radial direction predetermined by the axis. The holding part 14 is provided with threaded holes designed as receptacles for mounting screws 23. The securing part 20 is designed annular and contains four to the threaded holes 27 corresponding through holes 28 through which the screws 23 are inserted.

Wie Figur 4 zeigt, wird das Sicherungselement 16 durch einen plattenartigen Körper gebildet. Anstatt der dargestellten in einer Draufsicht viereckigen Platte könnten auch andere Formen für das Bauteil 16 gewählt werden. Zu beachten ist, dass das Sicherungselement 16 auf der mit 38 bezeichneten Seite eine Kante oder Abschnitt verfügt, der mit dem Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt 21 der Achse 10 zusammenwirkt und an diesem aufliegt. Das Sicherungselement 16 weist ein Loch 30 auf, durch das die Schraube 17 einführbar und dann in die Gewindebohrung in der Wand 26 des Trägers 13 einschraubbar ist. Der im Wesentlichen zylindrisch ausgebildete Achsenkopf weist eine durch eine Anfasung geschaffenen Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt 21 auf. Der Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt 21 stützt sich am Sicherungselement 16 ab und bewirkt so die Drehsicherung der Achse 10. Das Sicherungselement 16 befindet sich in Figur 4 in einer Blockierstellung. Die Befestigungsschraube 17 weist einen Schraubenkopf 31 und einen daran anschliessenden, mit einem Gewinde versehenen Schraubenschaft 32 auf. Weiterhin ist eine Unterlagscheibe 33 erkennbar, die nach Anschrauben der Befestigungsschraube 17 auf einem ringförmigen Fixierbereich 34 des Sicherungselement 16 liegt. Der ringförmige Fixierbereich 34 bildet damit eine Wirkfläche, die vom Schraubenkopf 31 klemmend beaufschlagbar ist. Es ist selbstverständlich vorstellbar die Schraubverbindung derart auszugestalten, dass auf die Unterlagscheibe 33 verzichtet werden kann.As FIG. 4 shows, the securing element 16 is formed by a plate-like body. Instead of the illustrated in a plan view square plate also other shapes for the component 16 could be selected. It should be noted that the securing element 16 on the side designated 38 has an edge or portion which cooperates with the anti-rotation portion 21 of the axis 10 and rests against this. The securing element 16 has a hole 30, through which the screw 17 can be inserted and then screwed into the threaded bore in the wall 26 of the carrier 13. The substantially cylindrically shaped axle head has an anti-rotation portion 21 created by chamfering. The anti-rotation portion 21 is supported on the fuse element 16 and thus causes the rotation of the axis 10. The fuse element 16 is located in FIG. 4 in a blocking position. The fastening screw 17 has a screw head 31 and an adjoining, threaded screw shank 32. Furthermore, a washer 33 can be seen, which lies after screwing the fastening screw 17 on an annular fixing region 34 of the securing element 16. The annular fixing region 34 thus forms an active surface, which can be acted upon by clamping by the screw head 31. It is of course conceivable to design the screw connection in such a way that can be dispensed with the washer 33.

Wenn unter Einwirkung von zu hohen Scherkräften, zum Beispiel wenn die Umlenkrolle 11 plötzlich und unvorhergesehen sich nicht mehr drehen lässt und ein bestimmtes Drehmoment zwischen Umlenkrolle 11 und Achse 10 überschritten wird, wird das Sicherungselement 16 gestaucht. Bei dieser Stauchung wird die mit 38 bezeichnete obere, dem Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt 21 zugewandte Seite 38 des Sicherungselements 16 dauerhaft nach unten gedrückt, wodurch die Blockierstellung aufgehoben wird. Das Sicherungselement 16 ist danach plastisch deformiert und teilweise zerstört (vgl. nachfolgende Fig. 7).If under the influence of excessive shear forces, for example, when the guide roller 11 suddenly and unforeseen can not turn and a certain torque between the guide roller 11 and axis 10 is exceeded, the securing element 16 is compressed. In this compression, the designated 38, the anti-rotation portion 21 facing side 38 of the fuse element 16 is pressed down permanently, whereby the blocking position is canceled. The securing element 16 is then plastically deformed and partially destroyed (see the following Fig. 7 ).

Das Sicherungselement 16 weist für diesen speziellen Zweck zwei als Sollbruchstellen ausgestaltete Stege 35 auf. Betreffend Details zur genauen Ausgestaltung des Sicherungselements 16 wird auf die Figuren 6 und 7 verwiesen. Das erwähnte Drehmoment kann durch Materialwahl, Dimensionierung sowie durch Formgebung, insbesondere den Steg-geometrien, des Sicherungselements 16 präzise eingestellt werden. Die Schraube 17 bleibt auch unter übergrosser mechanischer Einwirkung unversehrt, wodurch das Sicherungselement 16 zusammen mit der Schraube 17 in jedem Fall am Träger 13 verbleibt. Die Schraube 17 stellt damit ersichtlicherweise kein Sollbruchelement dar.The securing element 16 has two webs 35 designed as predetermined breaking points for this special purpose. Regarding details of the exact configuration of the fuse element 16 is on the FIGS. 6 and 7 directed. The mentioned torque can be precisely adjusted by choice of material, dimensioning and by shaping, in particular the web geometries of the fuse element 16. The screw 17 remains intact even under excessive mechanical action, whereby the securing element 16 remains together with the screw 17 in any case on the carrier 13. The screw 17 thus does not represent a predetermined breaking element.

Dank der beiden seitlichen Haltemittel, d.h. dem Achsenkopf 15 auf der einen Seite und dem in einer Nut 22 der Achse 10 aufgenommenen Halteteil 14 auf der anderen Seite ist die Achse 10 nach wie vor gegen eine unerwünschte Bewegung in axialer Richtung gesichert. Wenn das Wartungspersonal die sich im Träger 13 drehende Achse 10 entdeckt, kann es Reparatur oder Instandsetzungs-Massnahmen ergreifen. Nach der Freigabe der Verdrehsicherung ist die Achse 10 also in einem zweiten Lebenszyklus der Umlenkeinheit drehbar im Träger 13 aufgenommen. Tests haben gezeigt, dass die rotierende Achse 10 sich nach einiger Zeit durch Abnutzung gewissermassen in den Träger 13 fressen kann und ein mehr oder weniger vertikal verlaufendes Langloch im Träger entsteht. Dank der speziellen Achsenanordnung ist allerdings jederzeit eine axiale Sicherung gewährleistet, so dass die Achse 10 nicht aus dem Träger 13 fallen oder wegwandern kann. Das gegebenenfalls entstandene Langloch lässt auch ein einfaches Monitoring der Umlenkeinheit zu.Thanks to the two lateral holding means, i. the axle head 15 on one side and the received in a groove 22 of the axle 10 holding part 14 on the other side, the axle 10 is still secured against undesired movement in the axial direction. When the service person discovers the axle 10 rotating in the carrier 13, it may take repair or repair measures. After the release of the rotation, the axis 10 is thus rotatably received in the carrier 13 in a second life cycle of the deflection unit. Tests have shown that the rotating axle 10 can, after some time by wear, to a certain extent eat into the carrier 13 and a more or less vertically extending slot arises in the carrier. Thanks to the special axle arrangement, however, an axial securing is ensured at all times, so that the axle 10 can not fall out of the carrier 13 or move away. The possibly resulting slot also allows for easy monitoring of the deflection unit.

Anstelle des in Figur 4 gezeigten durch Anfasen geschaffenen Verdrehsicherungsabschnitts 21 könnte der Achsenkopf 15 auch einen in radialer Richtung wegragenden Verdrehsicherungsabschnitt oder eine spezielle Formgebung im Umfangsbereich aufweisen. Es wäre sogar auch vorstellbar, den Plattenkörper des Sicherheitselements 16 an den Achsenkopf 15 anzuschweissen.Instead of in FIG. 4 shown by chamfering Verdrehsicherungsabschnitts 21, the axle head 15 could also have an anti-rotation portion protruding in the radial direction or a special shape in the peripheral area. It would even be conceivable to weld the plate body of the security element 16 to the axle head 15.

Figur 5 zeigt die einzelnen Komponenten der Achsenanordnung enthaltend die Achse 10 mit dem an der Achse angeformten Achsenkopf 15, dem als Platte ausgestalteten Sicherungselement 16, dem Halteteil 14 und dem Sicherungsteil 20. Die Achse 10 ist ersichtlicherweise pilzförmig ausgestaltet, wobei der Achsenkopf 15 den "Pilzschirm" bildet. Der an den Achsenkopf in axialer Richtung anschliessende Achsenstiel 24 weist gegenüber dem Durchmesser D2 des Achsenkopfes 15 einen kleineren Durchmesser D1 auf. Der Achsenstiel 24 ist in entsprechende Lageraufnahmen des Trägers einpassbar. FIG. 5 shows the individual components of the axle assembly containing the axis 10 with the axis formed on the axle head 15, designed as a plate securing element 16, the holding part 14 and the securing member 20. The axis 10 is designed to be mushroom-shaped, the axis head 15 the "mushroom umbrella" forms. The axle shaft 24 adjoining the axle head in the axial direction has a smaller diameter D1 than the diameter D2 of the axle head 15. The axle shaft 24 can be fitted in corresponding bearing receptacles of the carrier.

Figur 6 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf ein Sicherungselement 16 im ursprünglichen Zustand. In dieser Form wird das Sicherungselement 16 in der jeweiligen Umlenkeinheit verbaut und sorgt für die vorgängig beschriebene Drehsicherung der Achse 10. Das Sicherungselement 16 weist zwei durch kreisbogenförmige Ausnehmungen 36 geschaffene Stege 35 auf. Die Ausnehmungen 36 und das Durchgangsloch 30 in Form einer Bohrung können beispielsweise durch spanabhebende Verfahren einfach geschaffen werden. Als Rohling für das Sicherungselement 16 könnte eine volle, viereckige Metallplatte (z.B. aus Stahl) verwendet werden. FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a fuse element 16 in the original state. In this form, the securing element 16 is installed in the respective deflection unit and ensures the previously described rotation of the axis 10. The fuse element 16 has two by arcuate recesses 36 created webs 35. The recesses 36 and the through hole 30 in the form of a bore can be easily created, for example, by machining processes. As a blank for the fuse element 16, a full, square metal plate (eg steel) could be used.

Das Sicherungselement 16 weist einen inneren, ringförmigen Fixierbereich 34 und einen äusseren Haltebereich 37 mit einer viereckigen Aussenkontur auf. Der innere, ringförmige Fixierbereich 34 ist über die beiden Stege 35 mit dem äusseren Haltebereich 37 verbunden. Der ringförmige Fixierbereich 34 dient zur Befestigung des Sicherungselements 16 am (hier nicht dargestellten) Träger 13 der Umlenkeinheit. Dabei bildet der ringförmige Fixierbereich 34 eine Wirkfläche, die vom Schraubenkopf (31) der Befestigungsschraube (17) klemmend beaufschlagbar ist (vgl. Fig. 4). Die (hier ebenfalls nicht dargestellte) Achse ist über den Haltebereich 37 in der Blockierstellung für eine verdrehsichere Lagerung der Achse im ersten Lebenszyklus gehalten. Die Stege 35 verlaufen ausgehend vom ringförmigen Fixierbereich 34 in radialer Richtung nach aussen zum äusseren Haltebereich 37. Die Stege 35 sind in der Draufsicht radial nach innen verjüngend ausgebildet, wobei sie wie ein Trapez geformt sind.The securing element 16 has an inner, annular fixing region 34 and an outer holding region 37 with a quadrangular outer contour. The inner, annular fixing region 34 is connected to the outer holding region 37 via the two webs 35. The annular fixing region 34 serves for fastening the securing element 16 to the carrier 13 (not shown here) of the deflection unit. In this case, the annular fixing region 34 forms an active surface, which can be acted upon by clamping by the screw head (31) of the fastening screw (17) (cf. Fig. 4 ). The (not shown here) axis is held on the holding portion 37 in the blocking position for a rotationally secure mounting of the axis in the first life cycle. The webs 35 extend from the annular fixing region 34 in the radial direction outward to the outer holding portion 37. The webs 35 are tapered in plan view radially inwardly, wherein they are shaped like a trapezoid.

Unter Krafteinwirkung bei Überschreiten des vorbestimmten Drehmoments der Achse wird das Sicherungselement 16 wie folgt verändert: Die Seite 38 des Sicherungselements 16 wird durch die sich drehende Achse nach unten gedrückt und bewirkt eine Verformung und teilweise Zerstörung des Sicherungselements 16. Ein derart verändertes Sicherungselement 16 ist in Figur 7 gezeigt. Beim nach unten Drücken der Seite 38 wurde ersichtlicherweise einer der Stege gebrochen; während der andere Steg 35 zwar plastisch deformiert wurde, jedoch ansonsten unversehrt bleibt. Ein Reststeg des gebrochenen Stegs ist mit 35' bezeichnet. Das aus einer viereckigen Metallplatte gebildete Sicherungselement 16 könnte folglich auch als "Bruchplatte" bezeichnet werden. Dank des in Figur 7 beispielhaft linken Stegs 35, der im Gegensatz zum anderen Steg keine Trennung erfährt, kann sichergestellt werden, dass das Sicherungselement 16 am Träger 13 verbleibt. Figur 7 betrifft den zweiten Lebenszyklus, in dem die Achse 10 drehbar im Träger 13 gelagert ist.Under the action of force when the predetermined torque of the axle is exceeded, the securing element 16 is changed as follows: The side 38 of the securing element 16 is pressed down by the rotating axle and causes deformation and partial destruction of the securing element 16 FIG. 7 shown. When pressing down on page 38, one of the bars was apparently broken; while the other bridge 35 has been plastically deformed, but otherwise remains intact. A residual web of the broken web is designated 35 '. Consequently, the securing element 16 formed from a quadrangular metal plate could also be referred to as a "break plate". Thanks to the in FIG. 7 By way of example, the left web 35, which does not undergo any separation in contrast to the other web, can ensure that the securing element 16 remains on the carrier 13. FIG. 7 relates to the second life cycle in which the axle 10 is rotatably mounted in the carrier 13.

Das erfindungsgemässe Sicherungselement könnte im Gegensatz zum Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Figur 6 auch nur einen Steg oder mehr als zwei Stege aufweisen. Bei einem mehr als zwei Stege aufweisendes Sicherungselement wären die Stege vorzugsweise in einer Sternform anzuordnen. Zum Vorgeben einer definierten Sollbruchstelle kann im jeweiligen Steg eine Einbuchtung, eine Engstelle oder allenfalls eine Perforationslinie angeordnet sein.The inventive fuse element could, in contrast to the embodiment according to FIG. 6 also have only one web or more than two webs. In the case of a securing element having more than two webs, the webs should preferably be arranged in a star shape. To specify a defined predetermined breaking point, an indentation, a constriction or possibly a perforation line can be arranged in the respective web.

Alternativ zu den Stegen könnte das Sicherungselement auch andere Schwächungszonen aufweisen, die zum Aufheben der Blockierstellung der Achse im Hinblick auf den erwünschten zweiten Lebenszyklus verformbar und/oder zerstörbar sind, aufweisen. Die Schwächungszone könnte beispielsweise durch ein plastisch deformierbares Material, beispielsweise einem knautschbaren Kunststoffmaterial gebildet werden, das bei übermässiger Krafteinwirkung plastisch verformt wird.As an alternative to the webs, the securing element could also have other weakening zones, which are deformable and / or destructible in order to cancel the blocking position of the axis with regard to the desired second life cycle. The weakening zone could be formed, for example, by a plastically deformable material, for example a crushable plastic material, which is plastically deformed when excessive force is applied.

Claims (16)

  1. Elevator installation comprising a car (2), a counterweight (4) and a support means (5) for supporting the car (2) and the counterweight (4), the car (2) and/or the counterweight (4) each being connected to the support means (5) via at least one deflection unit (7, 8, 9), the at least one deflection unit (7, 8, 9) having at least one deflection roller (11) and an axle (10) fastened to a carrier (13), on which axle the at least one deflection roller (11) is freely rotatably mounted, holding means (14, 15) being provided on both sides of the axle (10), between which means the carrier (13) is held and which permit rotation of the axle (10) with respect to the carrier (13), at least one of the holding means (14, 15) being non-rotatably secured by an anti-rotation means (16, 17, 21) for an anti-rotational mounting of the axle (10) in a first life cycle and at least one deflection unit (7, 8, 9) being designed in such a way that, when a specific torque between the deflection roller (11) and axle (10) is exceeded, the anti-rotation means releases the associated holding means (15) and the axle (10) is rotatably mounted in the carrier (13) in a second life cycle, characterized in that the anti-rotation means comprises a securing element (16) which has a weakened zone and is fastened to the carrier (13), the securing element (16) acting on the axle (10) in a blocking position in the first life cycle for the anti-rotational mounting of the axle (10), and the securing element (16) being designed in such a way that, when a specific torque is exceeded, the blocking position of the axle (10) in the second life cycle is forcibly canceled by means of deformation and/or destruction of the weakened zone.
  2. Elevator installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the securing element (16) is a body preferably formed by a plate.
  3. Elevator installation according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the securing element (16) is fastened to the carrier (13) by means of a screw (17).
  4. Elevator installation according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the securing element (16) is designed in such a way and fastened to the carrier (13) in the first life cycle that the securing element (16) remains on the carrier (13) in the second life cycle after the blocking position has been canceled.
  5. Elevator installation according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the weakened zone of the securing element (16) is designed as a predetermined breaking point or contains a predetermined breaking point.
  6. Elevator installation according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one bridge (35) is integrated in the securing element (16).
  7. Elevator installation according to claim 6, characterized in that the bridge (35) is designed as a predetermined breaking point.
  8. Elevator installation according to either claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that the securing element (16) comprises a securing region (34) by means of which the securing element (16) is fastened or can be fastened to the carrier (13), and a holding region (37) by means of which the axle (10) is held or can be held by the securing element (16) in the blocking position in the first life cycle, and in that the weakened zone connects the securing region (34) to the holding region (37).
  9. Elevator installation according to any of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the securing element (16) comprises a securing region (34) by means of which the securing element (16) is fastened or can be fastened to the carrier (13), and a holding region (37) by means of which the axle (10) is held or can be held by the securing element (16) in the blocking position in the first life cycle, the fixing region (34) and the holding region (37) being connected by means of the at least one bridge (34).
  10. Elevator installation according to either claim 8 or claim 9, characterized in that the securing region (34) has the shape of a ring in plan view.
  11. Elevator installation according to any of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the securing region is an inner, annular securing region (34) and in that the holding region (37) surrounds the securing region (34) on the outside.
  12. Elevator installation according to any of claims 6 to 11, characterized in that the securing element (16) has at least two bridges (35).
  13. Elevator installation according to claim 11 and any of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the inner, annular securing region (34) is connected to the outer holding region (37) by means of radially and preferably straight bridges (35).
  14. Elevator installation according to any of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that the bridges (35) are tapered radially inwardly.
  15. Elevator installation according to any of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the holding region (37) has a substantially quadrangular outer contour.
  16. Elevator installation according to any of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the holding means (15) provided for anti-rotation has an anti-rotational portion (21) which is preferably predefined by a planar surface and is supported on the securing element (16) fastened to the carrier (13).
EP16787877.6A 2015-10-30 2016-10-27 Safety element for deflector unit Not-in-force EP3368461B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15192397 2015-10-30
PCT/EP2016/075985 WO2017072260A1 (en) 2015-10-30 2016-10-27 Securing element for a deflecting unit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3368461A1 EP3368461A1 (en) 2018-09-05
EP3368461B1 true EP3368461B1 (en) 2019-09-18

Family

ID=54364194

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16787877.6A Not-in-force EP3368461B1 (en) 2015-10-30 2016-10-27 Safety element for deflector unit

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20180312373A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3368461B1 (en)
CN (1) CN108349705B (en)
WO (1) WO2017072260A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10941020B2 (en) 2018-01-30 2021-03-09 Otis Elevator Company Deflector sheave bracket for offset bedplate

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3815959A (en) * 1972-08-08 1974-06-11 M Hill Industrial roller or wheel
FI20090093A (en) * 2009-03-12 2010-09-13 Kone Corp Disc disc device, elevator and procedure
EP2859245B1 (en) 2012-06-12 2017-03-01 Inventio AG Lift assembly
CN104291163B (en) * 2014-09-28 2018-01-09 江苏兴华胶带股份有限公司 A kind of guider in the cold formed automatic coiling equipment of elevator balanced compensated chain
CN204096831U (en) * 2014-10-08 2015-01-14 贵州中航电梯有限公司 Elevator noise abatement guide piece

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108349705B (en) 2020-03-27
CN108349705A (en) 2018-07-31
US20180312373A1 (en) 2018-11-01
EP3368461A1 (en) 2018-09-05
WO2017072260A1 (en) 2017-05-04

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