EP3359356B1 - Dispositif pour couper un tronçon d'aliments - Google Patents

Dispositif pour couper un tronçon d'aliments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3359356B1
EP3359356B1 EP16774481.2A EP16774481A EP3359356B1 EP 3359356 B1 EP3359356 B1 EP 3359356B1 EP 16774481 A EP16774481 A EP 16774481A EP 3359356 B1 EP3359356 B1 EP 3359356B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting
food product
food
cut
portions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16774481.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3359356A1 (fr
Inventor
Uwe Reifenhäuser
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TPV GmbH
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TPV GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL16774481T priority Critical patent/PL3359356T3/pl
Publication of EP3359356A1 publication Critical patent/EP3359356A1/fr
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Publication of EP3359356B1 publication Critical patent/EP3359356B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D11/00—Combinations of several similar cutting apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
    • B26D1/25—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member
    • B26D1/26—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut
    • B26D1/28—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting
    • B26D1/29—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a non-circular cutting member moving about an axis substantially perpendicular to the line of cut and rotating continuously in one direction during cutting with cutting member mounted in the plane of a rotating disc, e.g. for slicing beans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D3/00—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor
    • B26D3/18—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor to obtain cubes or the like
    • B26D3/22—Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor to obtain cubes or the like using rotating knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/06—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
    • B26D7/0608—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form by pushers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D7/06—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
    • B26D7/0683—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form specially adapted for elongated articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0033—Cutting members therefor assembled from multiple blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
    • B26D2001/0046—Cutting members therefor rotating continuously about an axis perpendicular to the edge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D2210/00—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials
    • B26D2210/02—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials for cutting food products, e.g. food slicers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for cutting at least one food, in particular a food strand, in portions, in particular in strips or cubes, comprising at least one feed device and at least one cutting device, wherein the food by means of the feed device in a feed direction to the cutting device is to be advanced in that successive portions can be cut off by means of the cutting device from an end of the food facing the cutting device, and wherein the cutting device has at least one cutting cassette which comprises at least one transverse cutting edge and a plurality of longitudinal cutting edges, wherein the transverse cutting edge is arranged in a first cutting plane, which at least is oriented substantially parallel to a cutting surface of the food, wherein the longitudinal cutting edges are each arranged in cutting planes which are non-parallel to the cutting plane of the cross-section are oriented so that the food in the course of cutting at least in two differently oriented cutting planes can be cut, the cutting cassette to a drive axis is rotatable, which is oriented at least substantially, preferably completely, parallel to the feed direction.
  • a "cube” is understood in relation to a strip such a piece of food whose edge lengths are at least substantially equal in length.
  • a "cutting device” describes any type of device by means of which a foodstuff or a foodstuff strand can be cut open.
  • a cutting device can comprise at least one cutting element and a knife box which, for example, houses the cutting element. It is also conceivable that the cutting device is formed exclusively by a cutting member.
  • a "cutting element” designates such an element with which the food is actually cut or which engages with the food in a cutting engagement.
  • Such a cutting element typically has at least one cutting edge which is moved relative to the food strand, so that the food and the cutting edge engage in a cutting engagement.
  • a "portion” is understood to mean a part separated from the original food, which is basically movable independently of other parts or portions formed. In other words, a single item is completely separated from other portions as well as the food.
  • a "strip-shaped portion” refers to a portion whose length significantly exceeds their other dimensions. As a rule, a typical strip therefore has a length which exceeds at least a factor of 2, preferably at least a factor of 4, a width and a height of the strip.
  • a "successive cut-off" is understood to mean such a cutoff that, so to speak, takes place continuously. That is, portions which are successively cut from the food are produced sequentially and typically by repeated use of one and the same cutting element.
  • a "cutting cassette” describes an element that bundles a plurality of different cutting edges in one component.
  • a cutting cartridge comprises at least one transverse cutting edge and a plurality of slitters. Cross cutting and slitting differ in that they are oriented differently. Thus, the slitters are arranged in non-parallel cutting planes to the at least one transverse cutting edge. Nevertheless, both longitudinal cutting and at least one transverse cutting edge are combined in at least one cutting cassette.
  • the "cutting planes" are characterized in that the food is cut in them by means of the cutting edges. Since the at least one cutting cassette has a plurality of cutting edges, it is found that the food can be cut or cut in at least two cutting planes, wherein these cutting planes are oriented differently.
  • a disk shape is understood to mean a shape whose thickness is significantly smaller than its diameter or edge length. It is understood that in particular circular discs may be meant.
  • the disk-shaped configuration of the cutting element carrier and its rotation about the drive axis parallel to the feed direction causes the food is cut at its end facing the cutter in a flat cutting plane, which is oriented at least substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the food.
  • the term "at least substantially parallel orientation" between the drive axis of the cutting element carrier and the feed direction of the food means that an angle deviation between the two axes should be at most 10 °, preferably at most 5 °, ideally 0 °.
  • strip cutters are known in the prior art, by means of which strip-shaped portions of a food strand are separable.
  • holac Maschinenbau GmbH offers a strip cutter of the type BS 28, which has a large number of cutting cassettes.
  • Each of these cutting cassettes has a plurality of longitudinal cutting edges and a transverse cutting edge oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal cutting edges.
  • the cutting cassettes are arranged on a circular cutting element carrier so that they rotate about a rotation axis are. They are guided along a food to be cut up in such a way that strips of the food can be successively cut off.
  • Such a strip cutter is for example the German Offenlegungsschrift DE 101 13 015 A1 removable.
  • the known device has the disadvantage that the portions produced are only cut in two linearly independent planes, so that only strips can be produced. In particular, it is not possible to cut cubes or strips of a certain length by means of the known device. The length of the strips produced, however, depends primarily on the distance along which the respective cutting cassette is guided past the food.
  • the device has a second cutting device which, viewed in the feed direction of the food, is arranged behind a first cutting device.
  • a second cutting device By means of the second cutter initially produced strips of food are cut to length, that is cut in a further, linearly independent cutting plane. This makes it possible with the known device to produce cubes.
  • German patent specification DE 10 2005 050 041 B3 which also discloses a dicing cutter to be associated with the broader field of the present invention.
  • the presented device comprises two drum-shaped cutting devices, which are mounted one inside the other and one to the feed direction of Rotate food vertical axis. By means of the cutting device, successive portions are cut off at one end of the food, this taking place along a circular arc.
  • the type of cutting shown is disadvantageous, since at the beginning and at the end of each food strand, a comparatively large waste is obtained, which in turn reduces the performance of the machine.
  • the present application has for its object to provide a device and a method by means of which it is possible to produce with particularly high power portions, which in particular have the shape of a parallelepiped in their finished state.
  • the underlying object is achieved in that the emerging portions are cut to length after cutting by means of at least one cutting element by means of at least one cutting device.
  • a “lengthening device” is understood as meaning a device by means of which it is possible to cut a strip-shaped portion once more in such a way that it can be reduced in length.
  • a cutting device may be possible with a cutting device to produce cube-shaped portions, for example by cutting one or more strip-shaped portions in a further, linearly independent cutting plane to the other cutting planes.
  • Such a lengthening device may in particular have at least one cutting edge, which may be formed, for example, on a knife-shaped element.
  • the cutting to length "after cutting” of the portion is to be understood in the sense of the present application as meaning that an engagement of the at least one cutting element with the food takes place in time before an interaction of the cutting device with the portion being formed.
  • a cutting engagement between the cutting element and the food still exists, while the cutting device comes into contact with the portions formed in each case. however There is a contact between the cutting device and a respective portion after a first contact of said portion with the at least one cutting element instead.
  • the method according to the invention has many advantages. First, it has the considerable advantage that at the same time a large number of at least initially strip-shaped portions is produced in the course of the single passing of the cutting element on the food. This process step brings about a particularly time-efficient processing of the food to be sliced. Consequently, it is particularly favorable that by means of the method according to the invention in this way parallelepiped-shaped, preferably parallelepiped-shaped, more preferably cube-shaped, portions with a high power can be generated, which is not conceivable in the same way in the prior art. For this purpose, the individual portions are cut to length by means of the cutting device, so that in the course of a single pass of the cutting element on the food a plurality of cube-shaped portions can be generated.
  • an emerging portion is cut simultaneously on at least three cut sides.
  • each portion is cut in at least one cutting plane, which is aligned perpendicular to a feed direction of the food.
  • a cut in such a cutting plane can be produced particularly well by means of such a cutting element which has at least one transverse cutting edge which is oriented perpendicular to the feed direction of the food and which is guided perpendicular to the feed direction.
  • Two further cutting planes may, for example, be oriented perpendicular to the first cutting plane, the cutting element preferably having longitudinal cutting edges, which in turn may, for example, be formed perpendicular to a transverse cutting edge.
  • cut side in this context should be understood to mean that at least three cut surfaces are produced by cutting the at least one cutting element on a respective portion, which results from direct engagement of the cutting element with the food.
  • the cut surfaces thus produced are each formed on an intersection side of the respective portion.
  • the method according to the invention is furthermore particularly advantageous when the food is fed in cycles to the cutting device.
  • a feed is particularly useful if the food is in a frozen or frozen state and consequently is particularly hard. Continuous advancement of such a food would result in the food being continually pressed against parts of the respective device, such as a frictional contact of a surface of the food with the device and / or a significant effect of forces between the food Food and the respective device can come. This is because a frozen food is not compressible in the same way as a soft, non-frozen food.
  • the inventive method further ausgestaltend the emerging portions in the course of cutting are deflected, so that a direction of movement of each portion has at least one parallel to a feed direction of the food movement component.
  • the individual portions are cut off by passing the at least one cutting element on a cutting surface of the food to be sliced by the latter, wherein said guide element is moved in a direction perpendicular to the feed direction of the food.
  • the cut surface of the food is usually oriented perpendicular to the feed direction thereof.
  • the deflection of at least one portion in the course of cutting described here thus describes such a process in which the emerging portion is imparted with a direction of movement which causes the portion to move away from the cut surface of the food and in one direction, which runs at least partially parallel to the feed direction of the food. That is, by such a deflection, the at least one portion of the cut surface of the food in a direction perpendicular to the cut surface direction is led away.
  • the portion receives in the course of its deflection a perpendicular to the cut surface of the food movement component; it is not mandatory, however possibly advantageous that a direction of movement of the at least one portions after their deflection is oriented completely parallel to the feed direction of the food. The latter would have the effect that to a certain extent a front and a rear sectional plane of the portion formed would be oriented at least substantially parallel to one another.
  • the diversion of at least one portion, preferably of all portions, thus described has the significant advantage that the portions can to a certain extent be removed in an extension of the food on a side of the respective cutting element facing away from the food and then collected.
  • a collecting container for the portions formed in extension of the food or the associated feed device is placed in or on the device.
  • the portions are deflected directly by means of the cutting device, preferably by means of the cutting element.
  • a separate device for deflecting the portions omitted.
  • the deflection of the portions is particularly advantageous if it is performed by a deflection angle of at least 70 °, preferably at least 80 °, more preferably 90 °.
  • a deflection of a respective portion by less than 90 ° results in a movement of the portion after its deflection having both a movement component parallel to the feed direction of the food , as well as one which is perpendicular to the feed direction of the food.
  • a deflection by at least approximately 90 ° thus has the advantage that the so deflected portions can be led away on a side facing away from the food of the cutting device of the cutting device.
  • a deflection of the portions by the largest possible angle also has the advantage that the portions thus deflected can be cut to length after their deflection by means of the at least one cutting device.
  • such a method step of cutting the portions after their deflection is fundamentally independent of the respective realized deflection angle.
  • the cutting device preferably has a cutting plane which is oriented perpendicular to the feed direction of the food.
  • the cutting plane of the cutting device can be oriented parallel to a cutting plane of the cutting device or of the at least one cutting element.
  • the cutting device or an associated cutting edge is particularly easy on a Food facing away from the cutting device or the cutting element along guidable.
  • the cutting device is disk-shaped, preferably in the form of a circular disk.
  • the cutting device is rotated about a drive axis. It is understood that in particular a combination of the rotatable about its drive axis cutting device with a rotatable cutting device is particularly preferred.
  • the cutting device and the lengthening device viewed in the feed direction of the foodstuff, are arranged one behind the other and each rotate about mutually parallel, preferably identical, drive axes. From a technical point of view, an implementation of such a method is particularly easy if the cutting device and the lengthening device have the same drive axis.
  • both the cutting device and the cutting device are rotatable, it may be particularly advantageous if the rotational directions of both devices are in opposite directions, so that a relative speed at which the cutting device and the lengthening device are guided past each other, the sum of the rotational speeds of both devices , In the case of contact of the lengthening device with a portion to be shortened, this embodiment means that the speed with which a lengthwise cutting of the lengthening device collides with the portion is comparatively great, as a result of which a particularly clean cut of the portion to be cut can be produced.
  • the method according to the invention is also advantageous if, during the cutting of the food, at least one residual section thereof is detected metrologically and an advance of the food and / or a cutting speed of the cutting device is / are adjusted on the basis of data thus acquired.
  • the metrological detection can be done for example by means of a laser scanner or one or more cameras.
  • the described adaptation takes place in such a way that with a last cut of the cutting device, a closing piece of the food is cut at least substantially completely and in this way a reject is minimized.
  • a “residual section” is here understood to mean a section of the food whose length measured parallel to the feed direction is less than the length of the entire, original food. In particular, the length of a remaining portion is not more than 30% of the original length of the food.
  • the advantageous process step it is advantageous if only a residual portion of the food is detected by measurement to avoid a remainder.
  • the entire food detected by measurement and the feed and / or a cutting speed of the cutting device is adjusted accordingly or become.
  • the advantageous method step contributes to the fact that at the end of the slicing of a particular food as possible no remainder remains, which must then be disposed of unused. He thus contributes to the fact that a particular food strand or a particular food can be cut as completely as possible.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved by at least one cutting device, by means of which portions can be cut to length, which were previously cut by means of the cutting device. By means of the section of the cutting device, the respective portions are finally completed.
  • the method according to the invention can be carried out in a particularly simple manner by means of the device according to the invention. This is especially true when the cutting cassettes are arranged on a cutting element carrier which is rotatably mounted about a drive axis. Furthermore, the method in its advantageous embodiment is particularly easy to carry out when the cutting device is arranged on a side facing away from the uncut food side of the cutting device.
  • the cutting device is designed in the form of a rotatable, preferably circular, cutting-off disk.
  • a cutting plate of the cutting device preferably has a plurality of cutting edges. These are advantageously mounted on the cutting plate in such a way that a cutting plane of the respective cutting edges is oriented parallel to the cutting plate of the cutting device.
  • the cutting device is designed to be rotatable, the cutting device itself being formed by a circular cutting disk.
  • Said cutting disc is particularly well suited as a cutting element carrier for the at least one cutting cartridge.
  • both the cutting device and the cutting device are rotatable, it is preferable if they are each rotatable about mutually parallel, preferably identical, drive axes. Furthermore, it is advantageous if at least one of the drive axes of the cutting device and / or the cutting device, preferably both drive axes, is or are oriented parallel to the feed direction of the food.
  • the cutting planes of the longitudinal cutting edges are at least substantially perpendicular to the cutting plane of the transverse cutting edge. In this way, portions can be produced which have a rectangular cross-section.
  • at least one cutting cassette preferably all cutting cassettes, to have a first cross-cutting edge oriented parallel to the slow motion surface of the food and a plurality of further longitudinal cutting edges which are perpendicular to the cross cutting edge and parallel to one another. In this case, it is fundamentally irrelevant which of the cutting edges, that is to say the at least one transverse cutting edge or one or more longitudinal cutting edges, in terms of time, are the first to come into contact with the foodstuffs to be cut.
  • the device according to the invention further comprises the same, preferably the cutting device, more preferably at least one cutting cassette of the cutting device, at least one guide channel, by means of which a portion is deflected such that its direction of movement after its deflection has at least one motion component parallel to the feed direction of the food.
  • the cutting device more preferably at least one cutting cassette of the cutting device, at least one guide channel, by means of which a portion is deflected such that its direction of movement after its deflection has at least one motion component parallel to the feed direction of the food.
  • such a guide channel has a guide length of at least 5 cm, preferably at least 10 cm, more preferably at least 15 cm.
  • the "guide length" as it were understood is the stretched length of the respective guide channel.
  • the stated values are advantageous insofar as the portion to be deflected in each case is granted a certain amount of freedom of movement, which is available to it in order to be able to follow a respective deflection angle.
  • a longer guide channel is well suited to "gently" divert a serving portion that is being formed, that is, by applying the least possible curvature of the guide shaft. This is particularly important if the food is in a frozen or frozen state in which it has an increased hardness.
  • the advantages of cutting a hard food are already described above.
  • a portion formed by a hard food also has an increased hardness, so that when deflecting such a portion there is a risk that the portion breaks within the guide channel and breaks down into several parts.
  • a comparatively elongated design of the guide channel makes it possible to distribute the respective deflection angle over a longer distance and thereby to keep a curvature of the guide channel comparatively low. This reduces the risk of breakage of an emerging portion.
  • a ratio of a width of a guide channel to its extended length a maximum of 0.2, preferably at most 0.1, more preferably at most 0.067, assumes.
  • a "width" of a guide channel describes the distance between two adjacent slits to each other.
  • the guide channels each have a square cross-section, wherein a typical measure of a width of a guide channel is 1 cm.
  • the guide channel has a circular arc shape. Regardless of its shape, it has a deflection angle of at least 70 °, preferably at least 80 °, more preferably at least 90 °.
  • the method described above as advantageous is particularly simple to carry out by means of such a guide channel.
  • the same has at least one counter-cutting edge, which is arranged on a side of the cutting device facing away from the uncut food.
  • Such Counter cutting edge is adapted to cooperate with the cutting device, wherein each portion to be cut off can be supported on the counter cutting edge.
  • a distance between the counter-blade and the cutting device is variable.
  • a distance between a cutting edge of the cutting device and the counter-cutting edge of the cutting device is typically so small that, as a result of manufacturing tolerances in the manufacture of the device, the cutting device may collide with the cutting device.
  • a distance between the counter cutting edge of the cutting device and a respective cutting edge of the cutting device ex works fails too large.
  • the adaptability makes it possible here to optimally adjust the distance between the cutting device and the counter-blade.
  • the counter-blade is formed directly on a respective cutting cartridge, being formed on an end of the cutting cartridge facing away from the uncut food.
  • each cutting cartridge has its own counter-blade.
  • the feed device comprises at least one fixing device by means of which the uncut food in the feed device can be fixed.
  • a fixing device may in particular have a transversely movable to the feed direction of the food element, by means of which the food in a feed channel of the feed device can be pressed against an opposite lateral wall.
  • the device according to the invention has at least one stop element which, viewed in the feed direction of the uncut food, projects beyond a cutting plane of the cross cutting edge of the cutting cassette so that a portion of the food to be cut off is at least partially supportable by means of the stop element.
  • a stop element is particularly advantageous if the food to be cut has a comparatively soft consistency, so that it exerts itself on the food under the action of cutting forces which are applied by means of a respective cutting cassette or its cutting edges become deformed and the cutting cartridge evades.
  • the stop element serves to support the portion of the food to be cut off against these cutting forces so that the food of the cutting cassette can not escape.
  • the stop element is arranged directly on a passage opening of the feed device, on which a cut side of the uncut food from the feed device out, so that it can be cut by means of the cutting device.
  • Such a stop element is advantageously designed to be movable, so that it can avoid the cutting device or its at least one cutting cartridge. In this way, a collision between the stopper and a respective cutting cartridge can be avoided.
  • the stop element is equipped with at least one spring, which allows the stop element in a direction parallel to the feed direction of the food can be displaced and is then returned to an extended position back. In this way, the stop element of the cutting cassette can escape particularly easily.
  • the cutting device can have a displacement device, by means of which the at least one stop element can be displaced so that the described collision between the stop element and the cutting cassette is avoided.
  • displacement of the abutment member takes place such that it is displaced only at the moment when the cutting cartridge passes the abutment member and otherwise protrudes beyond the advancing means as described above so that it can support the uncut portion of the food.
  • FIGS. 1 to 8 1 comprising a device 1 according to the invention , which has a feed device 12, a cutting device 2 and a cutting device 5 .
  • the feed device 12 has a product shaft, within which a respective food to be sliced is advanceable in a feed direction 7 .
  • the feed device 12 via a propelling jacks 25, which pushes to a particular food item from one of the cutting unit 2 side facing away from the cutter.
  • the feed device 12 comprises a fixing device 23, by means of which the food can be fixed laterally within the feed device 12 .
  • the fixing device 23 is formed by a transverse to the feed direction 7 movable side wall which is movable by means of a drive, not shown, perpendicular to the feed direction 7 .
  • the fixing device 23 comprises a cylindrical transmission element, by means of which a driving force can be transmitted from the drive to the side wall.
  • the feed punch 25 has a telescopic part 33 that is displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the feed direction 7 relative to the feed punch 25 .
  • the telescopic part 33 is designed so that it can retract into a contact plate 34 of the feed punch 25 . This relative mobility of the telescopic part 33 allows the fixing device 23 to be moved perpendicular to the feed direction 7 , without pinching the feed punch 25 .
  • the feed device 12 has a passage opening 26 , through which the food can be pushed out of the feed device 12 out to the cutting device 2 .
  • the feed device 12 also has a stop element 24 .
  • This is located in the example shown relative to the feed direction 7 viewed to the left of the passage opening 26.
  • the stop member 24 is formed so that it protrudes in the feed direction 7 axially protrudes beyond the rest of the feed device 12 , so that a respective portion of the to be cut Food, which projects beyond the feed device 12 , by means of the stop element 24 can be supported.
  • the arrangement of the stop element 24 can already be concluded here that the cutting device 2, which is described in detail below, is rotated in the direction of feed 7 counterclockwise viewed.
  • the stop element 24 is used so far that cutting forces that are exerted on the food by means of the cutting device 2 or by means of cutting elements 3 of the cutting device 2 , collected and can be removed into the feed device 12 .
  • the stop element 24 is equipped in the present example with a spring mechanism, so that it is movable parallel to the feed direction 7 and relative to the feed device 12 .
  • the stopper member 24 is capable of being "retracted".
  • This mobility has the background that the stopper member 24 should be capable of dodging a respective cutting element which is moved along the passage opening 26 , so that a collision between the cutting element and the stopper member 24 is avoided.
  • the respective cutting element or a remaining part of the device 1 via a displacement means 30, by means of which the stop element 24, for example, against a spring force of a return spring is movable so that it can be retracted temporarily and thus avoid a respective cutting element. In this case, it is understood that such avoidance should take place only when the stop element 24 has fulfilled its primary function of removing cutting forces into the feed device 12 .
  • the feed device 12 in the example shown has a short cantilever plate 41, by means of which the stop element 24 is mounted laterally next to the passage opening 26 of the feed device 12 .
  • the stop element 24 can escape parallel to the feed direction 7
  • the cantilever plate 41 has on a rear side via a recess 28. This allows that the stop element 24 on the back of the cantilever plate 41 can emerge from selbiger and allows the stop member 24 thus a movement relative to the other feed device 12.
  • a described displacement device 30 is in particular FIG. 8 removable.
  • the local displacement device 30 has two opposing inlet regions 21, which are arranged on two opposite sides of a respective cutting element 3 . These inlet regions 21 are wedge-shaped, so that they can displace a stop element 24, which collides with the displacement device 30 , particularly well. It is understood that during an intervention of the shown displacement device 30 with a stop element 24 initially a pointed end 39 of the respective inlet region 21 comes into contact with the stop element 24 . Due to the further movement of the cutting device 2 relative to the advancing device 12 or the stop element 24 , the inlet regions 21 are then moved further past the stop element 24 .
  • the stop element 24 has reached an end 40 of a respective inlet region 21 , it has at least been displaced so far that the cutting element 3, which is formed here by a cutting cartridge 13 , collision-free past the stop element 24 can be passed.
  • the displacement device 30 ends , which manifests itself in that a return is arranged laterally next to the cutting element 3 , which allows the stop element 24 to be transferred again to an extended position. In this unusual position, the stop element 24 is then again suitable for supporting the food to be sliced or an end-side section thereof which is to be sliced in the course of a subsequent contact with a cutting element 3 .
  • the cutting device 2 comprises a cutting element carrier 4, which is formed here by a cutting disk 19 .
  • This cutting disc 19 is circular, wherein a thickness of the cutting disc 19 significantly less than its diameter.
  • the cutting device 2 has a plurality of cutting elements 3 on its cutting element carrier 4 . These cutting elements 3 are each designed in the form of cutting cassettes 13 here.
  • the cutting cassettes 13 are described in detail below and go in particular from the FIGS. 5 to 7 out.
  • the cutting cassettes 13 are arranged radially on the cutting disk 19 so that a longitudinal axis 31 of a respective cutting cassette 13 points in the direction of a center point of the cutting disk 19 .
  • the cutting cassettes 13 are suitable for simultaneously cutting off a large number of portions from the food in the course of a single pass on the food to be sliced.
  • the cutting cassettes 13 are adapted to redirect the individual portions in the course of their cutting of the uncut food and in this way to impart to the portions a desired direction of movement.
  • the cutting element carrier 4 together with the cutting cassettes 13 arranged on it, is rotated about a drive axis 10 , this drive axis 10 being oriented parallel to the feed direction 7 of the food. In this way, a cutting plane is generated on the food, which in turn is oriented perpendicular to the feed direction 7 .
  • the cutting device 5 is designed in the example shown equally rotatable and has a cutting plate 27. This cutting plate 27 is similar to the cutting disc 19 of the cutting device 2 circular. A diameter of the cutting edge 27 is here minimally smaller than a diameter of the cutting disc 19 of the cutting device 2.
  • a drive shaft 11 of the cutting device 5 is identical to the drive shaft 10 of the cutting device second
  • the cutting device 5 has a multiplicity of cut-off edges 18 which are arranged radially on the cut-off plate 27 . That is, a respective longitudinal axis 32 of a cutting edge 18 is oriented so as to cross a central axis of the cutting edge 27 . Cutting edges of the cutting edges 18 are arranged in a common cutting planes 9 of the cutting device 5 .
  • the cutting plane 9 of the cutting device 5 is here parallel to a cutting plane of the cutting device 2 or of cutting edges of the cutting elements 3.
  • the cutting disk 19 and the cutting disk 27 of the cutting device 2 and the cutting device 5 are positioned relative to each other such that they are arranged directly behind one another and on the other about the same drive shaft 10, 11 rotatable.
  • the cutting disk 19 of the cutting device 2 is rotated about its drive axle 10 during operation of the device 1 according to the invention, while the cutting disk 27 of the cutting device 5 is rotated about its drive axle 11 .
  • the two drive axles 10, 11 are congruent in the present embodiment.
  • the drive axes 10, 11 - as described above - oriented parallel to the feed direction 7 of the food.
  • the cutting device 2 and the cutting device 5 are rotated in the opposite direction about their drive axes 10, 11 . That is, the cutter 5 is rotated clockwise relative to the feed direction 7 while the cutter 2 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction.
  • This geometric arrangement of the feed device 12, the cutting device 2 and the cutting device 5 has the consequence that the food to be sliced is successively cut in a direction perpendicular to its feed direction 7 . It follows that a cut surface of the food is oriented at least substantially perpendicular to the feed direction 7 . This is due to the fact that the individual cutting elements 3 of the cutting device 2 in a direction perpendicular to the feed direction 7 Cutting planes are performed. This cutting plane is parallel to a plane of the cutting disc 19. In the course of passing a cutting element 3 on the still uncut food is therefore successively separated from the cutting device 2 end of the food separated selbigem and cut into portions. This progressively reduces a length of the uncut food while continuously forming portions.
  • the individual portions are completed in that they are cut to length after their separation from the food by means of the cutting device 5 and thus obtain their final shape.
  • the cutting by means of the lengthening device 5 thus represents, as it were, a cut in a third, linearly independent cutting plane, so that by means of the device 1 according to the invention the portions in their three dimensions (length, width, height) can be fixed.
  • the cutting elements 3 are each formed by a cutting cartridge 13 in the present example. Based on FIGS. 5 to 7 It is particularly easy to see how such a cutting cartridge 13 can be formed by way of example.
  • the cutting cassettes shown here each have a transverse cutting edge 14 and a multiplicity of longitudinal cutting edges 15.
  • the longitudinal cutting edges 15 are arranged perpendicular to the transverse cutting edge 14 such that a cutting plane 16 of the transverse cutting edge 14 is oriented perpendicular to the individual cutting planes 17 of the respective longitudinal cutting edges 15 .
  • the longitudinal cutting edges 15 are viewed in the direction of movement of the cutting cassette 13 over the transverse cutting edge 14 , so that upon contact of the cutting cassette 13 with the food to be sliced first the longitudinal cutting edges 15 and only then the transverse cutting edge 14 come into cutting contact with the food.
  • the longitudinal cutting edges 15 are each arranged parallel to one another and are oriented relative to one another in such a way that they penetrate the still uncut foodstuffs as simultaneously as possible. It is understood that in the course of a single pass of the cutting cartridge 13 at a cutting surface of the food to be cut at the same time a plurality of initially strip-shaped portions is generated, each one portion determined in width by two adjacent longitudinal cutting edges 15 and in height by the cross cutting edge 14 is. This applies at least to a central region 6 of the cutting cassette 13, which as a rule comes into "full" contact with the food.
  • the nascent portions are introduced into the cutting cartridge 13 due to the relative movement of the respective cutting cartridge 13 to the food.
  • the portions are then deflected by means of guide channels 20 .
  • a respective guide channel 20 is bounded laterally between two adjacent longitudinal cutting edges 15 .
  • This has the consequence that the emerging portions within the cutting cartridge 13 are deflected by a deflection angle 8 , since they have no other possibility of movement.
  • the nascent portions are effectively forced within the cutting cassette 13 and within a respective guide channel 20 in a designated direction.
  • the guide channels 20 here each have an extended length of about 12 cm.
  • the guide channels 20 each have a width of 1.0 cm, so that a ratio of width to elongated length of a respective guide channel 20 is 0.083 here.
  • the deflection angle 8 is about 90 °, so that the portions after their cutting off the cut surface of the food and after its emergence on a back 37 of the cutting cassette 13 have a direction of movement which is at least substantially parallel to the feed direction 7 of the Food oriented.
  • the individual portions are particularly easily fed to the above-described cutting device 5 , which, viewed in the feed direction 7 of the food, adjoins a side of the cutting device 2 facing away from the food.
  • the guide channels 20 thus each have a circumference of about 48 cm and a radius of about 7.6 cm. A curvature of the guide channels 20 here is therefore about 0.13 and is therefore in an advantageous range between 0.1 and 0.3.
  • the cutting cassettes 13 are each connected to the cutting element carrier 4 by means of a multiplicity of fastening elements 29 .
  • the cutting cartridge 13 On its back 37 , the cutting cartridge 13 has a counter-blade 22. This is suitable to cooperate with the Ablnature 18 of the cutting device 5 . This is expressed by that the individual portions which are to be cut to length by means of the cutting edges 18 , are supported on the counter-blade 22 , so that a respective portion of a cutting force, which is exerted by the respective cutting edge 18 on this, can not escape.
  • a position of a respective counter-blade 22 relative to the cutting device 5 is particularly easy to achieve, in particular, that an attachment of the respective cutting cartridge 13 is made to the cutting element carrier 4 by means of spacers so that a position of the respective cutting cartridge 13 relative to the cutting disc 19 of the cutting device 2 is adjustable. In this way, it is possible to set a cutting cartridge 13 and hence its counter-blade 22 with respect to its position parallel to the advancing device 7 of the food, so that a distance between the counter-blade 22 and the cutting edges 18 of the cutting device 5 can be optimally adjusted.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 arise two alternative embodiments of longitudinal cutting edges 15 of a cutting cartridge 13.
  • the longitudinal cutting edges 15 each have a small length, so that the longitudinal cutting edges 15 extend from a cutting edge 38 only a small amount in the associated guide channel 20 into it. It follows that the portions cut laterally by means of the longitudinal cutting edges 15 within the guide channel 20 "behind" the longitudinal cutting edges 15 can come into direct contact with each other. Such contact is particularly unproblematic if the food to be sliced is present in a frozen or frozen state. In these cases, the individual portions are in fact not inclined to adhere to one another and thus form a conglomerate.
  • cutting cassettes 13 which are designed according to a further variant.
  • FIG. 7 Such is exemplary in FIG. 7 shown. It can be seen that in this variant the longitudinal cutting edges 15 each extend over an entire length of their guide channels 20 . This has the consequence that the portions formed by means of the cutting cartridge 13 over the entire length of the guide channels 20th remain isolated from each other, so that a direct contact of the individual portions within the cutting cartridge 13 is prevented.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show the device 1 according to the invention in each case in an exploded view. Therefore, in these illustrations, the individual parts of the device 1 do not directly adjoin one another.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Procédé de découpe d'un produit alimentaire, notamment d'un cordon de produit alimentaire, en portions, notamment en bandes ou en dés, comprenant les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    a) le produit alimentaire est avancé au moyen d'un système d'avance (12) sur un système de découpe (2),
    b) des portions successives de produit alimentaire sont découpées au moyen d'au moins un élément de découpe (3) à partir d'une extrémité du produit alimentaire tournée vers le système de découpe (2), sachant que l'élément de découpe (3) est guidé au moyen d'un support d'élément de découpe (4) en forme de disque sur lequel est disposé l'élément de découpe (3), sachant que le support d'élément de découpe (4) est mis en rotation autour d'un axe d'entraînement (10), qui est orienté au moins pour l'essentiel parallèlement à un sens d'avance (7) du système d'avance (12),
    c) une pluralité de portions en forme de bandes est produite à une extrémité du produit alimentaire au cours d'un passage unique de l'élément de découpe (3),
    caractérisé par l'étape de procédé suivante :
    d) les portions en passe de réalisation sont mises à longueur après la découpe au moyen d'au moins un élément de découpe (3) au moyen d'au moins un système de mise à longueur (5).
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le produit alimentaire est avancé de façon cadencée sur le système de découpe (2).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les portions en passe de réalisation sont déviées au cours de la découpe de telle manière qu'un sens de déplacement d'une portion respective comporte au moins une composante de déplacement parallèle à un sens d'avance (7) du produit alimentaire, sachant que les portions sont déviées de préférence au moyen du système de découpe (2).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les portions ne sont mises à longueur qu'après avoir été déviées au moyen d'au moins un système de mise à longueur (5), sachant qu'un plan de découpe (9) du système de mise à longueur (5) est orienté de préférence perpendiculairement au sens d'avance (7) du produit alimentaire.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un système de mise à longueur (5) est mis en rotation autour d'un axe d'entraînement (11), de préférence autour du même axe d'entraînement (10), autour duquel le support d'élément de découpe (4) est mis en rotation, sachant que le système de mise à longueur (5) est constitué de préférence en forme de disque.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le système de mise à longueur (5) et le système de découpe (2) sont mis en rotation dans des directions opposées.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'au cours de la découpe du produit alimentaire au moins une section résiduelle de ce même produit est saisie par une technique de mesure et sur la base des données saisies, une avance du produit alimentaire est adaptée de telle manière qu'avec une dernière coupe du système de découpe (2), une pièce finale du produit alimentaire est coupée au moins pour l'essentiel complètement, de préférence complètement.
  8. Dispositif (1) de découpe au moins d'un produit alimentaire, notamment d'un cordon de produit alimentaire, en portions, notamment en bandes ou en dés, comprenant
    - au moins un système d'avance (12), et
    - au moins un système de découpe (2),
    sachant que le produit alimentaire peut être avancé au moyen du système d'avance (12) dans un sens d'avance (7) sur le système de découpe (2) de telle manière que des portions successives peuvent être découpées au moyen du système de découpe (2) depuis une extrémité du produit alimentaire tournée vers le système de découpe (2),
    sachant que le système de découpe (2) comporte au moins une cassette de découpe (13), qui comprend au moins un tranchant transversal (14) et une pluralité de tranchants longitudinaux (15),
    sachant que le tranchant transversal (14) est disposé dans un premier plan de découpe (16), qui est orienté au moins pour l'essentiel parallèlement à une surface de découpe du produit alimentaire,
    sachant que les tranchants longitudinaux (15) sont respectivement disposés dans des plans de coupe (17), qui sont orientés non parallèlement au plan de découpe (16) du tranchant transversal (14),
    de telle manière que le produit alimentaire peut être découpé au cours de la découpe au moins dans deux plans de coupe (16, 17) orientés de façon différente,
    sachant que la cassette de découpe (13) peut être mise en rotation autour d'un axe d'entraînement (10), qui est orienté au moins pour l'essentiel parallèlement au sens d'avance (7),
    caractérisé par
    au moins un système de mise à longueur (5) au moyen duquel des portions découpées peuvent être mises à longueur au moyen du système de découpe (2).
  9. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que le système de mise à longueur (5) est exécuté sous la forme d'un disque de mise à longueur pouvant tourner (27), qui comporte de préférence une pluralité de tranchants de mise à longueur (18), sachant qu'un axe d'entraînement (11) du système de mise à longueur (5) est orienté de préférence parallèlement à l'axe d'entraînement (10) du système de découpe (2), de préférence encore que les axes d'entraînement (10, 11) du système de mise à longueur (5) et du système de découpe (2) coïncident.
  10. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que les plans de coupe (17) des tranchants longitudinaux (15) sont orientés au moins pour l'essentiel perpendiculairement au plan de découpe (16) du tranchant transversal (14), sachant que de préférence toutes les cassettes de découpe (13) comportent un premier tranchant transversal (14) orienté parallèlement à la surface de coupe du produit alimentaire et une pluralité d'autres tranchants longitudinaux (15) disposés l'un à côté de l'autre, perpendiculairement ainsi que parallèlement l'un à l'autre par rapport au tranchant transversal (14).
  11. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le système de découpe (2) comprend de préférence au moins une cassette de découpe (13), au moins un conduit de guidage (20), au moyen duquel une portion en passe de réalisation peut être déviée de telle manière qu'un sens de déplacement de la portion respective comporte après sa déviation au moins une composante de déplacement perpendiculaire au sens d'avance (7) du produit alimentaire.
  12. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le conduit de guidage (20) comporte une forme d'arc de cercle, sachant que l'arc de cercle s'étend de préférence sur un angle de déviation (8) d'au moins 70°, de préférence au moins 80°, de préférence encore d'au moins 90°.
  13. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 12, caractérisé en ce que le système de découpe (2) comporte sur un côté opposé au produit alimentaire un tranchant opposé (22), qui peut coopérer avec le système de mise à longueur (5), sachant que de préférence une distance entre le tranchant opposé (22) et le système de mise à longueur (5) peut être modifiée.
  14. Dispositif (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 13, caractérisé par au moins un élément de butée (24), qui fait saillie dans le sens d'avance (7) vu au-dessus du plan de découpe (14) du tranchant transversal de telle sorte qu'une section à découper du produit alimentaire peut être au moins en partie soutenue au moyen de l'élément de butée (14).
  15. Dispositif (1) selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que le système de découpe (2) comporte au moins un dispositif de déplacement (30) au moyen duquel l'élément de butée (24) peut être déplacé de telle manière qu'une collision peut être évitée entre l'élément de butée (24) et la cassette de découpe (13) .
EP16774481.2A 2015-10-05 2016-09-28 Dispositif pour couper un tronçon d'aliments Active EP3359356B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16774481T PL3359356T3 (pl) 2015-10-05 2016-09-28 Urządzenie do cięcia pasma środka spożywczego

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102015116887.1A DE102015116887A1 (de) 2015-10-05 2015-10-05 Vorrichtung zum Schneiden eines Lebensmittels sowie zugehöriges Verfahren
PCT/EP2016/073032 WO2017060134A1 (fr) 2015-10-05 2016-09-28 Dispositif pour couper un tronçon d'aliments

Publications (2)

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EP3359356A1 EP3359356A1 (fr) 2018-08-15
EP3359356B1 true EP3359356B1 (fr) 2019-09-18

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US (1) US20180272551A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3359356B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015116887A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2753646T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3359356T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017060134A1 (fr)

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BE1027811B1 (nl) * 2019-12-02 2021-07-01 Dv Fresh Bvba Werkwijze voor het machinaal snijden van groenten
DE202021104015U1 (de) * 2021-07-28 2021-08-05 Holac Maschinenbau Gmbh Querschneidemesser und Vorrichtung zum Verarbeiten von Lebensmitteln
CN114559480B (zh) * 2022-02-23 2024-06-07 北京味粒子科技有限公司 辅料供应装置及具有其的煎饼机

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US3395742A (en) * 1965-04-27 1968-08-06 Edgar R. Sanders Knife structure
EP0759837B1 (fr) * 1994-05-31 2003-03-05 Urschel Laboratories, Inc. Lame de coupe pour appareil rotatif pour couper un produit alimentaire et appareil rotatif de coupe
AU1548301A (en) 1999-12-02 2001-06-12 Nippon Career Industry Co., Ltd. Method and device for mincing meat into pieces
DE10113015A1 (de) * 2001-03-17 2002-09-19 Achim Holz Scheibenförmiges Werkzeug
DE102005050041B3 (de) * 2005-10-19 2007-05-24 Magurit Gefrierschneider Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Nahrungsmittelblöcken
DE202007016795U1 (de) * 2007-11-29 2008-02-14 Holac Maschinenbau Gmbh Vorrichtung zum Raspeln von Käse mit einer Streifen- oder Würfelschneidemaschine

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Publication number Publication date
ES2753646T3 (es) 2020-04-13
PL3359356T3 (pl) 2020-04-30
EP3359356A1 (fr) 2018-08-15
US20180272551A1 (en) 2018-09-27
WO2017060134A1 (fr) 2017-04-13
DE102015116887A1 (de) 2017-04-06

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