EP3350400B1

EP3350400B1 - Profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades

Info

Publication number: EP3350400B1
Application number: EP16787575.6A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Artur BORUSZEWSKI
Original assignee: Ergo Plus Polska
Current assignee: Ergo Plus Polska
Priority date: 2015-09-17
Filing date: 2016-09-16
Publication date: 2021-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2036-09-16
Also published as: EP3350400A1; CA3014418A1; PL414055A1; PL3350400T3; PL235307B1; WO2017048144A1

Description

The subject matter of the invention is the profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades, preferably placed in the area of insulation of structures, multi-family buildings, single-family buildings, as well as public buildings, livestock buildings and farm buildings. The profile is developed for the installation of windows, doors and facades, both made of PVC, as well as aluminum and timber, irrespective of their dimensions.
There are many solutions for the design of fastening elements of building facades to the face of the wall, such as window, door, and others. From the Polish description of the invention with the application number P.294954 (publ. BUP No. 26/1993 of 27 December 1993) it is known the solution entitled "The method for making contact areas of the window and the wall and the thermal insulation element to apply this method". The presented invention solves the problem of elimination of thermal bridges at the contact area of the window and the wall. The method involves placing the thermal insulation element at the horizontal contact area of the window and the wall, which is also the external windowsill. The thermal insulation element is made of the thermal insulation material in the form of a narrow board having a trapezoidal shape in its cross section. On the surface of the thermal insulation material is placed a thin layer of the plastic mass with a grid.
From the next Polish description of the utility model with the application number W- 101801 {publ. BUP No. 14/1996 of 8 July 1996) it is known the solution entitled "The element for embedding aluminum windows with the thermal separator". The subject of the presented utility model is the element for embedding aluminum windows with the thermal separator, as well as tilt-turn windows in standing construction containers. The element for embedding aluminum windows with the thermal separator is the monolithic molding made of the wall and the walls with edges juxtaposed at right angles, wherein the relationships between the width of the wall to the wall in different sizes are expressed by the following ratios: 1.6 to 1.19 to 1 and 2.3 to 1, most preferably 1.9 to 1. The wall has mounting through holes, and the window with the element is fixed to the window hole by the screw element.
From another Polish description of the utility model with the application number W- 115579 (publ. BUP No. 02/2007 of 22 January 2007) it is known the solution entitled "The angular element of the thermal insulation housing". The presented angular element of the thermal insulation housing comprises the base and the side wall made of the thermal insulation board, in which between two stiffening linings is placed the layer of the thermal insulation material. The base and the side wall are interconnected, forming the edge of the angular bend at the connection point. The angular element has on the one side of the opposite face edges the longitudinal sealing protrusions, and on the other side, the longitudinal sealing seat.
From the other Polish description of the utility model with the application number W- 119897 (publ. BUP No. 21/2012 of 8 October 2012) it is known the solution entitled "The steel profile reinforcing windows and doors with the thermal pad". The presented reinforcing steel profile for windows and doors made of PVC profiles, constituting the upper and side steel element, separated by the roiled thermal pad, is characterized in that the upper element comprises the bend forming the protrusion and the seat created between the inflection point of the bend and the single inflection point of the bend, in which it has embedded by one end the thermal pad placed by the second end in the seat of the side element, formed between the double inflection point of the bend and the single inflection point of the bed, wherein the vertical arm of the side element has a bent.
DE 10 2004 038246 A1 already discloses a profile which main structural element is an angle profile with an L-shaped cross section, and the angle profile consists of two arms, wherein the angle iron is filled with a filling compound, which is synthetic foam.
The aim of the invention it to develop a profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades, which will facilitate and allow the installation of windows, doors and elements of the facade to the face of the wall, made of any material. The invention aims to strengthen the profile itself, making it possible to limit the structural elements in the building.
The essence of the profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades is that its main structural element is an angle iron with the L-shaped cross section, and the angle iron consists of:

two arms with longitudinal inflection points arranged along the edge of them, which are bent towards the inside of the angle iron, preferably at an angle of 90°, and
a brace expanding the arms of the angle iron, which extends from the first angle formed between the first arm and the first inflection point and the second angle formed between the second arm and the second inflection point,

According to the invention, the solution enables easy and extremely fast, and at the same time very solid and stable fixing the various elements of facades, windows and doors to the building wall face. In addition, the solution can reduce the number of structural elements in the building, because the fixing profile can be a separate structural element, which, compared to earlier solutions, carries much greater load values. This is possible thanks to a specific stress distribution, acting in the profile, after suspending on it the elements of the facade, such as windows or doors. The developed profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades allows you to achieve maximum strength with a minimal amount of material used for this profile.
The developed solution facilitates the installation of windows and doors out of the hole in the wall, allowing for easier carrying the thermal insulation layer directly to the window or door, and consequently eliminating any thermal bridges that can occur when connecting to the face of the wall, doors or other facade elements.
The invention is described in the example drawings, in which Fig. 1 - presents a schematic cross section through the wall of the building, using the profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades, Fig. 2 - presents an axonometric sectional view of a particular form of the profile and the wall section, and Fig. 3 - presents another, special form of the profile in an axonometric view, with the element ornamenting the facade of the building, Fig. 4 - presents a schematic cross section through the wall of the building, using the profile in which fixing anchors are additionally used, Fig. 5 - presents an axonometric sectional view of a particular form of the profile with fixing anchors, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Fig. 10, Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 - present different designs of fixing the profile to the wail, using fixing anchors equipped with a various number of differently localized swivels and sliding elements.
As shown in the drawings, an essential structural element of the profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades is the angle iron 1, made of any material, such as sheet (steel or other alloy), glass fiber composite or carbon fiber composite, preferably of steel with a cross section resembling the shape of the letter "L", whereas the composites will improve the insulation factor of the profile. The angle iron 1 "I" has longitudinal inflection points 2, arranged along the edge of its both arms, which are bent towards the interior of the angle iron 1, at an angle of 90°.
The angle iron 1 "L" is filled with the filling compound 3, preferably the synthetic foam, or the carbon fiber composite. In addition, by rolling the edges of the angle iron 1 - the presence of longitudinal inflection points 2 of the angle iron 1, formed this way - it is possible to place the brace 4 between them, expanding the arms of the angle iron 1. The filling compound 3 expands and stiffens the arms of the angle iron 1, thereby preventing buckling the arms of the angle iron 1.
Thanks to the use of the filling compound 3, the angle iron 1 "L" is not deformed under transferred loads, resulting from the suspension of the elements of the facade of the building on it. The filling compound 3 is also the thermal insulation layer and the sealing layer, protecting against negative atmospheric conditions, such as wind.
The filling compound 3 carries loads, while the additionally used brace 4 improves the strength of the profile structure.
The brace 4 may substantially comprise the longitudinal flat bar, whereas it is possible to make holes or protrusions in it; possibly, the brace 4 may consist of small boards arranged respectively along the length of the angle iron 1 "I". Possibly made 4 holes and gaps in the brace facilitate the installation of the angle iron 1 "I" and reduce its weight, while the protrusions made in the brace 4 improve its properties, such as strength and stiffness.
The aforementioned brace 4 always creates an acute angle - from the arm of the angle iron 1 to which it is adjacent, as well as with longitudinal inflection points 2 going out of this arm - which angle is typically 45 °. The brace 4 constitutes then the bisector of the angle, defined by the arm of the angle iron 4 and the longitudinal inflection point 2.
The profile with such an angle iron 1, longitudinal inflection points 2, filling compound 3 and optionally with the brace 4 of the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades - is a structural element with the cross section of possibly isosceles right triangle, with a very high lifting force.
In the profile without the brace 4, the described loads are carried by the filling compound 3, which carries from 500 kg to 1200 kg per 100 cm<2>. In turn, in the profile with the brace 4, loads are carried by the filling compound 3 and the brace 4, so that we can sum up the aforementioned load strength of the filling compound 3 and in addition the compressive strength of the brace 4, which is from 0 to 100 kg per 1 linear meter.
Thus, the strength of the profile for the fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades reaches up to 2.5 tons per 1 linear meter.
The developed profile may be supplemented by the compound, such as the filling compound 3, which can be formed in different ways, giving various shapes to the profile, which result from its various cross sections. The profile shaped this way may be at the same time used as a decorative element of the building facade, as shown in Figure 3.
The shape of the triangle formed by the angle iron 1, and possibly, additionally by the brace 4, which are complemented by the filling compound 3 - is much less susceptible to deformations of previously known angle irons, than the structure itself,
The profile is placed on the face of the wall, at a height depending on the design of the building and the need to install other elements on it. Fixing the profile to the wall face, and installing other elements of the facade, is possible with holes 5, made earlier in the course of the production of the profile, or during its installation. The installation may be also performed in a different way, with the use of fixing anchors 6, connected directly to the profile, optionally supporting the profile, and then connected also to the building wall.
In the basic solution - the profile is fixed to the wall face by means of fasteners, pins or screws 7. The screw 7, passing through the horizontal arm of the angle iron 1, fixes the frame of the window, door or other facade elements to the angle iron 1 "L".
Stresses caused by the pressure of facade elements, doors or windows are transferred through the horizontal arm in both directions, i.e. from the wall face and to the wall face. Horizontal force directed outside the building, is transferred from the wall face to the wall face by the hypotenuse of the right triangle. Horizontal force directed to the wall is, however, transferred to the wall face by the hypotenuse directed vertically downward, as shown in Figure 1.
Fixing anchors 6 may be equipped with one or more swivels 8. They can also be made of several sliding elements 9, enabling the separation, and thus, the elongation of fixing anchors 6.
The use of swivels 8, which may take the form of hinges, improves the strength of fixing anchors 6, since the fixing anchor 6 equipped with swivels 8, is affected only by shear forces, but not by moments or transverse forces. In this way, the profile lacks line stresses, but is only influenced by point stresses. The presence of swivels 8 also facilitates transport and installation of the profile.
To such a profile for fastening and thermal insulation of windows, doors and facades the thermal insulation of the building is directly carried and installed. On the profile are arranged windows, doors and other facade elements. The profile is additionaily sealed with the polyurethane foam or other resilient materials, which thermally and acoustically insulate the building and protect it against rain and win.

List of elements:

1. angle iron,
2. longitudinal inflection point,
3. filling compound,
4. brace (expanding),
5. hole (transverse),
6. fixing anchor,
7. screw,
8. swivel,
9. sliding element.

Claims

A profile for a fastening and thermal insulation system of windows, doors and facades which main structural element is an angle iron (1) with the L-shaped cross section, and the angle iron (1) consists of:
- two arms with longitudinal inflection points (2) arranged along the edge of them, which are bent towards the inside of the angle iron (1), preferably at an angle of 90°, and

- a brace (4) expanding the arms of the angle iron (1), which extends from the first angle formed between the first arm and the first inflection point (2) and the second angle formed between the second arm and the second inflection point (2),
wherein the angle iron (1) is filled with a filling compound (3), which is synthetic foam or a carbon fiber composite,
wherein the angle iron (1) is made of steel or steel sheet or other alloy, or of a glass fiber composite or a carbon fiber composite, and
wherein the brace (4) is formed by a longitudinal flat bar, which preferably has holes or protrusions, or the brace (4) is formed by small boards, arranged respectively along the length of the angle iron (1),
wherein the brace (4) creates an acute angle - with the arm of the angle iron (1) which it is adjacent to, and with longitudinal inflection points (2) going out from this arm, so
the profile with the angle iron (1), longitudinal inflection points (2), filling compound (3) and the brace (4) is the structural element with the cross section of preferably isosceles right triangle.
The profile according to claim 1, characterized in that the brace (4) is the bisector of the angle defined by the arm of the angle iron (1) and the longitudinal inflection point (2) and the acute angle is typically 45°.
The profile according to one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the developed profile has holes (5), made in the course of production of the profile or during its installation.
The profile according to one of claims 1-3, is characterized in that along its length are arranged and attached fixing anchors (6).
The profile according to one of claims 1-4, is characterized in that it is fixed to the wall face by fasteners, pins or screws (7).
The profile according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that the fixing anchors (6) are equipped with one or several swivels (8).
The profile according to claim 4 or 5 or 6, characterized in that the fixing anchors (6) are made of several sliding elements (9), allowing the separation or the extension of the fixing anchors (6).
The profile according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the swivels (8) have the form of hinges.