EP3347527B1 - Machine for making a diaphragm wall - Google Patents
Machine for making a diaphragm wall Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3347527B1 EP3347527B1 EP16775283.1A EP16775283A EP3347527B1 EP 3347527 B1 EP3347527 B1 EP 3347527B1 EP 16775283 A EP16775283 A EP 16775283A EP 3347527 B1 EP3347527 B1 EP 3347527B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drilling
- module
- anchoring
- anchor
- relative
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 243
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 151
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/13—Foundation slots or slits; Implements for making these slots or slits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
- E02F3/188—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with the axis being horizontal and transverse to the direction of travel
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
- E02F3/20—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels
- E02F3/205—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels with tools that only loosen the material, i.e. mill-type wheels with a pair of digging wheels, e.g. slotting machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
- E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
- E02F3/18—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging wheels turning round an axis, e.g. bucket-type wheels
- E02F3/22—Component parts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B3/00—Rotary drilling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2250/00—Production methods
- E02D2250/0038—Production methods using an auger, i.e. continuous flight type
Definitions
- Such a machine is described in particular in the document FR 2 806 112 . It comprises anchoring means which make it possible to block the movement in the vertical drilling direction of the main frame with respect to the walls of the trench, and means for exerting a vertical thrust directed downwards on the milling assembly.
- Such a machine makes it possible to exert a vertical thrust on the cutting members, the intensity of which is much greater than the weight of the frame, which makes it possible to drill in hard ground, such as for example granite.
- a drawback of this machine is that the cutting members may have a tendency to slip on hard portions of soil, risking a deviation from the trajectory of the drilling machine, which proves to be problematic, in particular when making cuts. deep drilling.
- An object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a drilling machine making it possible to drill hard ground while controlling the drilling trajectory.
- the drilling module is articulated with respect to the anchoring module and the drilling machine comprises at least first trajectory correction means configured to rotate, along a pivot axis transverse to the drilling direction, the drilling modulus relative to the anchoring modulus.
- the drilling direction is substantially vertical, and at the very least non-horizontal.
- the drilling module Due to its articulation, the drilling module is mounted in particular to pivot relative to the anchoring module.
- the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module makes it possible to modify the position of the cutting members, and therefore to correct the trajectory of the drilling machine.
- the first drilling trajectory correction means are actuated while the anchoring device is actuated, that is to say while the anchoring module is stowed in the ground.
- the anchoring module when it is desired to correct the trajectory of the drilling machine, the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground by actuating the anchoring device, the drilling module is pivoted relative to the anchoring module. by acting on the first trajectory correction means, and acting on the displacement means to move the drilling module in translation downward relative to the anchoring module.
- the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module can take place before, after or concomitantly with the translational movement of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module. It is therefore understood that the invention makes it possible to correct the drilling direction in a precise manner by virtue of the anchoring of the anchoring module.
- Another advantage of the invention is to be able to transmit a force to the cutting members in a direction inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module, this force being able to present a very high intensity insofar as one can exert a thrust on the drilling module while resting on the walls of the excavation thanks to the anchoring in the ground of the anchoring module.
- the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground after having pivoted the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in order to correct the trajectory.
- the articulation between the drilling module and the anchoring module is operated by an articulation member which can be produced by one or more pivot type connections, by a ball joint type connection, or by any other type of means. equivalent joint.
- This articulation member may belong to the displacement means, or else be arranged between the displacement means and the drilling module, or else between the displacement means and the anchoring module.
- the anchoring module comprises the first trajectory correction means, which are configured to exert a thrust on the drilling module in a direction transverse to the drilling direction, whereby the actuation of the first path correction means rotates the drilling module relative to the anchoring module.
- a thrust exerted on the drilling module by the first trajectory correction means arranged on the anchoring module has the effect of causing the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module due to the articulation existing between the drilling module and the anchoring module. This pivoting takes place along the pivot axis transverse to the drilling direction, the latter preferably being horizontal.
- the pivot axis passes through the anchoring module.
- the drilling module comprises a lower section carrying the cutting members and an upper section extending at least partly inside the anchoring module, and in which the first trajectory correction means are arranged between the anchor module and the upper section of the drill module.
- the lower and upper sections can be fixed together one to the other so as to form a single-piece body, or else to be mobile with respect to one another.
- the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module is achieved by the action of the first trajectory correction means on the upper section of the drilling module.
- the lower section of the drilling module has a length which is preferably substantially equal to the length of the anchoring module. The same is true for the respective widths of the lower section of the drilling module and of the anchoring module.
- the upper section of the drilling module is movable inside the anchoring module.
- the upper section of the drilling module is movable in translation and in rotation with respect to the anchoring module.
- the first trajectory correction means are arranged in the upper part of the anchoring module, while the pivot axis is arranged in the lower part of the anchoring module, in order to benefit from 'a lever arm substantially equal to the length of the anchoring module.
- the lower section of the drilling module can be mounted to slide relative to the upper section of said drilling module. Also, when actuating the displacement means, the lower section carrying the cutting members moves in translation relative to the upper section in the direction of drilling.
- the drilling module therefore has a retracted position in which the distance between the cutting members and the upper section is minimum, and a deployed position, in which the distance between the cutting members and the upper section is maximum.
- the assembly consisting of the upper and lower sections is pivotally mounted relative to the anchoring module.
- the anchoring module comprises a body and a longitudinal sleeve in which the upper section of the drilling module is slidably mounted, the longitudinal sleeve being articulated with respect to the body.
- the sleeve is mounted to pivot relative to the body along the pivot axis.
- the first path correction means are configured to push the sleeve in order to rotate it relative to the body of the anchoring module, which de facto causes the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module.
- the first trajectory correction means are arranged on the sleeve.
- the upper section of the drilling module passes longitudinally through the anchoring module. More preferably, the upper end of the upper section protrudes beyond the upper end of the anchor module.
- the drilling machine further comprises second trajectory correction means which are located on the lower section of the drilling module and which are configured to exert a thrust on one of the walls of the excavation in said direction transverse to the direction of drilling.
- the concomitant action of the first and second trajectory correction means makes it possible to facilitate the pivoting of the drilling module around the pivot axis by exerting on the latter a greater torque than that exerted by the first correction means of trajectory alone.
- the first trajectory correction means comprise at least one thrust pad.
- the thrust shoe exerts a thrust on the upper section of the drilling module, while in the second variant, the thrust shoe exerts a thrust on the sleeve.
- said thrust shoe is actuated by a jack mounted on the anchoring module.
- the first trajectory correction means are arranged on the drilling module and are configured to exert a thrust on one of the walls of the excavation in a direction transverse to the drilling direction, whereby the actuation of the first trajectory correction means causes the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module.
- the actuation of the first trajectory correction means causing a thrust exerted on the walls of the excavation in a direction transverse to the drilling direction, has the effect of causing the drilling module to pivot along a pivot axis perpendicular to the drilling direction, which is preferably substantially horizontal. It is specified that the mass of the anchoring module is preferably greater than that of the drilling module.
- the first trajectory correction means are arranged on the front and rear faces of the drilling module, so as to be able to pivot the drilling module, considered in a first vertical plane, towards the front or towards the rear of the drilling module. drilling module.
- the front and rear faces are perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the drums.
- the first trajectory correction means can also be arranged on the lateral sides of the drilling module in order to allow pivoting, in a second vertical plane, orthogonal to the first vertical plane, towards one or the other of the lateral sides.
- the first trajectory correction means comprise a set of motorized actuators configured to pivot the drilling module relative to the anchoring module without necessarily resting on the walls of the excavation.
- the displacement means are mounted to pivot relative to the anchoring module, preferably along said pivot axis.
- the drilling module pivots with the displacement means when the first trajectory correction means are actuated.
- the displacement means comprise at least one thrust device for exerting a thrust on the cutting members oriented in the direction of drilling and directed downwards.
- the pushing device makes it possible to ensure that the cutting members remain in contact with the ground to be cut.
- the pushing device preferably comprises at least one pushing cylinder arranged between the anchoring module and the drilling module. Even more preferably, the pushing device comprises a pair of pushing cylinders arranged on either side of a median longitudinal plane of the drilling machine.
- the anchoring device comprises at least one anchoring shoe capable of resting on one of the walls of the excavation to block the movement in the direction of drilling of the anchoring module relative to the ground.
- the anchoring pad is deployed in a direction transverse, preferably orthogonal, to the drilling direction.
- each of the front and rear faces of the anchoring module is equipped with at least one anchoring pad.
- the one or more anchoring pads define a substantially continuous surface which extends along a height, considered in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module, at least equal to the two thirds of the height of said drilling module.
- the anchoring device comprises a plurality of inflatable cushions arranged on at least one, and preferably both, front and rear faces of the anchoring module.
- the anchoring of the anchoring module is achieved by inflating the cushions which then come to rest against the walls of the excavation.
- the drilling machine is provided with damping means in order to damp the vibrations generated by the cutting members during the drilling.
- the damping means act on the hydraulic circuit which supplies the thrust cylinders. It is for example a hydraulic member of the accumulator type connected to the hydraulic supply circuit of the push cylinder. According to a variant, the damping means could also include spring means mounted in parallel with the thrust cylinders.
- the drilling machine comprises a lifting cable at the lower end of which the drilling module is suspended.
- the lift cable extends vertically from a mast of a carrier, known elsewhere.
- the upper section of the drilling module is slidably mounted in the anchoring module while being suspended from the lower end of the lifting cable.
- said drilling machine is a cutter, the cutting members of which comprise two pairs of drums which are rotatable about axes of rotation which are parallel, distinct and perpendicular to the direction of drilling.
- the first trajectory correction means are configured to rotate the drilling module relative to the anchoring module according to a pivot axis perpendicular to the drilling direction which is perpendicular to the drilling direction and to the axes of rotation of the drums.
- FIG. 1 we will describe a first variant of a first embodiment of the drilling machine 10 according to the present invention.
- the function of the drilling machine 10 is to carry out an excavation E in a soil S in a drilling direction DF.
- the vertical direction is illustrated by the reference V.
- the drilling direction DF may be vertical, or slightly inclined with respect to the vertical direction V.
- the excavation E has the shape of a substantially rectangular trench and defining walls substantially vertical referenced P1 , P2, P3 and P4.
- the machine has a height H, a length L and a width l .
- the height H of the machine extends substantially vertically, while the length L and the width l extend in a substantially horizontal plane and substantially define the length and the width of the cross section of the excavation E.
- the drilling machine 10 is a cutter which is suspended from the lower end of a lifting cable C which is carried by a lifting mast of a lifting device (not shown) known elsewhere.
- the drilling machine 10 comprises an anchoring module 12 which is provided in this example with four anchoring devices 14 which, as will be explained in more detail below, are configured to block the movement in the direction of drilling. of the anchoring module 12 relative to the ground S by resting on the walls P1 and P2 of the excavation E.
- the anchoring devices 14 comprise anchoring pads 16 which are able to bear on the walls P1 and P2 of the excavation, as is illustrated in particular in figures 4 to 6 and 10 to 12, to block the movement in the direction of drilling of the anchoring module relative to the ground during the drilling operation.
- the anchor pads 16 are actuated by jacks 18 which are configured to exert a horizontal thrust on the anchor pads 16 so that the latter come to press against the walls P1 and P2 facing each other so as to immobilize the anchoring module in the ground.
- the anchoring module comprises four pads 16 which extend substantially over the entire height of the anchoring module 12.
- a different number of pads could be provided, provided that their number and their surface are sufficient to immobilize the anchoring module in the ground during drilling operations.
- the drilling machine 10 further comprises a drilling module 20 which is provided with cutting members 22.
- the cutting members 22 comprise two pairs of drums 24 which are rotating around axes of rotation A1 , A2 parallel, distinct and perpendicular to the direction of drilling DF.
- the cutting members are connected to the anchoring module, while being movable in translation with respect to said anchoring module.
- the drilling machine 10 comprises displacement means 35 for moving the cutting members 22 in translation relative to the anchoring module 12.
- the drilling module 20 has a lower section 26 which carries the cutters 22 and an upper section 28.
- the upper section 28 has a lower part 30 and an upper part 32 which crosses the anchor module 12 longitudinally.
- the lower section 26 of the drilling module is slidably mounted relative to the lower part 30 of the upper section 28 of the drilling module 20.
- the displacement means which are configured to move the drilling elements relative to the anchoring module 12, comprise a thrust device 36, in this case thrust cylinders 37, configured to exert a thrust on the cutting members which is oriented in the drilling direction DF and directed downwards.
- the drilling module is in the retracted position, that is to say that the distance between the drilling tools 22 and the anchoring module 12 is minimal.
- the lower section 26 of the drilling module comprises an upper portion 27 which engages the lower part 30 of the upper section 28 of the drilling module on the figures 7 to 12 , the drilling module is in the deployed position, that is to say that the distance between the drilling tools 22 and the anchoring module 12 is maximum.
- the drilling module 20 is also articulated relative to the anchoring module 12.
- the articulation consists of a pivot connection of pivot axis X defined between the anchoring module 12 and the drilling module 20.
- the pivot axis X is perpendicular to the drilling direction DF and, in this example, extends substantially horizontally.
- the pivot axis X is located between the lower part 30 and the upper part 32 of the upper section 28 of the drilling module 20. It is also noted that the pivot axis X is disposed at the lower end of the anchoring module 12.
- the upper part 32 of the upper section 28 of the drilling module 20 extends inside the anchoring module 12 and protrudes beyond the upper end 12a of the anchoring module 12.
- the drilling machine further comprises first trajectory correction means 40 which are configured to rotate the drilling module 20 relative to the anchoring module 12 along the pivot axis X. It is also specified that the thrust cylinders 37 pivot with the cutting members 22.
- the first trajectory correction means 40 are arranged on the anchoring module 12, at its upper end 12a, and are configured to exert a thrust in a first direction T1 or T2 in a second direction T2 opposite to T1 , these two directions being transverse to the drilling direction DF , whereby the actuation of the first trajectory correction means 40 causes the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module around the pivot axis X in one direction or the other.
- the displacement means 35 in this case the thrust cylinders 37, are mounted to pivot relative to the anchoring module 12 about the pivot axis X.
- the first trajectory correction means 40 located at the upper end 12a of the anchoring module 12, are arranged between the upper end of the anchoring module and the upper part of the section. upper 28 of the drilling module, so that a thrust exerted by the first trajectory correction means 40 has the effect of making the drilling module pivot about the pivot axis X.
- the first trajectory correction means 40 are arranged on either side of the upper part of the upper section 28 of the drilling module.
- a thrust exerted by the first trajectory correction means 40 in a direction T2, opposite to the direction T1 has the effect of causing the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module by an angle ⁇ 2 around the pivot axis X in a direction of rotation S2 opposite to the direction of rotation S1 , as a result of which the cutters tend to move towards the wall P2 of the excavation E.
- the first trajectory correction means 40 comprise thrust pads 42 which are actuated by the jacks 44 mounted at the upper end 12a of the anchoring module 12.
- the lifting cable C is fixed by its lower end C1 to a fixing member 41 which is integral with the upper end of the upper part 32 of the upper section 28 of the drilling module 20.
- the upper end of the upper part of the upper section of the drilling module protrudes beyond the upper end 12a of the anchoring module 12.
- the drilling machine further comprises second trajectory correction means 43 which are located on the lower section 26 of the drilling module 20 and which are configured to exert a thrust on the excavation walls P1 , P2 transversely to the DF drilling directorate. Also, the concomitant actuation of the first and second trajectory correction means 40, 43 makes it possible to facilitate the pivoting of the drilling module 20 relative to the anchoring module 12 about the pivot axis X.
- the second trajectory correction means 43 are pads arranged on the front and rear faces of the lower section of the drilling module 20.
- the drilling machine 10 is provided with damping means 45 for damping the vibrations generated by the cutting members 22 during the drilling.
- the damping means 45 comprise a hydraulic damping device which is connected to the hydraulic circuit supplying the thrust cylinders 37.
- the anchoring devices are actuated in order to immobilize the module d. anchor 12, as shown in figure 4 .
- the cutting members being activated
- the thrust cylinders 37 are actuated in order to push on the cutting members.
- the drilling module is rotated in order to correct if necessary the drilling direction DF.
- the anchoring devices are actuated before activating the cutting members and actuating the thrust cylinders.
- the drilling machine 110 comprises an anchoring module 112 which is provided with four anchoring devices 114 to block the movement in the drilling direction of the anchoring module 112 relative to the ground S , in particular during the drilling operation. , resting on the walls P1 , P2 of the excavation E.
- the anchoring devices 114 comprise several deployable anchoring pads 116 which are able to bear on the walls P1 , P2 of the excavation E to block the vertical displacement of the anchoring module relative to the ground S.
- the anchoring devices 114 extend over the entire height of the anchoring module, the anchoring pads forming four rows which extend along the lateral ends of the front and rear faces of the drilling module.
- the drilling machine 110 further comprises a drilling module 120 which is provided with a cutting member 122, similar to the cutting members. section of the first embodiment. These cutting members are connected to the anchoring module 112 while being movable in translation with respect to said anchoring module.
- the drilling machine 110 comprises displacement means 135 for moving the cutting members 122 relative to the anchoring module 112, these displacement means comprising a thrust device 136, comprising thrust cylinders 137 arranged between the module of anchor and drilling module.
- This thrust device 136 is configured to exert a thrust on the cutting members 122 oriented in the direction of drilling DF and directed downward.
- the drilling module has a lower section 126 carrying the cutters 122, and an upper section 128 which extends inside the anchoring module 112.
- the upper section 128 of the drilling module is slidably mounted inside the anchoring module 112 in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module.
- the actuation of the thrust cylinders 137 has the effect of moving the assembly consisting of the lower section 126 and the upper section 128 of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module, as illustrated in figures 19 and 20 .
- the actuation of the thrust cylinders 137 is preferably carried out after the anchoring module 112 is immobilized in the ground.
- the drilling machine 110 immobilized in the ground S, thanks to the actuation of the anchoring devices 114.
- the figure 20 shows the machine of the figure 16 after actuation of the thrust cylinders 137 which exert a downward thrust on the cutting members 122.
- the drilling module 120 is also articulated relative to the anchoring module 112.
- this articulation consists of a pivot connection around a pivot axis X allowing a pivoting of the drilling module 120 relative to the anchoring module 112 as in the first variant, the pivot axis X and substantially horizontal.
- the upper section 128 of the drilling module 120 has the shape of a longitudinal bar which is engaged in a sleeve 160 articulated relative to to the body 161 of the anchoring module 112. It is understood that this sleeve 160 belongs to the anchoring module 112 and forms a tube through which the upper section 128 of the drilling module 120 can slide. This sleeve 160 is mounted to pivot relative to the body 161 of the anchoring module around the pivot axis X.
- the pivoting of the drilling module 120 relative to the anchoring module 112 is achieved by rotating the sleeve 160 relative to the body 161 of the anchoring module 112 around the pivot axis X, the pivoting of the sleeve 160 causing the pivoting of the upper section 128 of the drilling module, and therefore the pivoting of the drilling module 120 in the direction of rotation S1 , or in the direction of rotation S2.
- thrust cylinders 137 are arranged between the sleeve 161 and the lower section of the drilling module, so that the pushing device 136 pivots with the drilling module 120.
- the drilling machine comprises first trajectory correction means 140, better visible in the detail view of the figure 17 , which are operable and configured to rotate the sleeve 160 relative to the body 161 of the anchoring module about the pivot axis X.
- the drilling direction DF corresponds to the longitudinal axis of the upper section 128 of the drilling module, and therefore also corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the sleeve 160.
- the pivot axis X is perpendicular to the drilling direction DF.
- the displacement means 135, in this case the thrust cylinders 137 are mounted to pivot relative to the anchoring module 112 about the pivot axis X.
- the anchoring module 112 comprises the first trajectory correction means 140, which are configured to exert a thrust on the drilling module 120 in a direction T which is transverse to the drilling direction DF, whereby the actuation of the first trajectory correction means rotates the drilling module relative to the anchoring module.
- the first path correction means 140 are arranged between the sleeve 160 and the body 161 of the anchoring module, so that the actuation of the first path correction means 140 in the direction T has the effect of causing the sleeve 160 to pivot relative to the body 161 of the anchoring module around the pivot axis X.
- the first trajectory correction means 140 comprise thrust pads 142 which are actuated by jacks 144 mounted on the sleeve 160 of the anchoring module.
- FIG 21 there is illustrated a second embodiment of the drilling machine 210 according to the invention.
- the drilling machine 210 is similar to that of the second variant of the first embodiment.
- the 210 drilling machine differs from that of the figure 18 essentially by the fact that, in this second embodiment, the first trajectory correction means 280, 282 are arranged on the drilling module 220 , and more particularly on the front face 271 and the rear face 273 of its lower section 226 .
- the first trajectory correction means 240 are configured to exert a thrust on one or the other of the walls P1 and P2 of the excavation in a direction transverse to the direction of drilling.
- the first trajectory correction means comprise thrust pads which extend along the height of the lower section 226 of the drilling module 220 and which are configured to deploy transversely in order to push on one or the other of the walls P1 and P2 according to the desired direction of pivoting.
- each of the front and rear faces has a pair of thrust pads.
- the actuation of the first trajectory correction means has the effect of causing the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module about the pivot axis X.
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Description
La présente invention a trait à une machine de forage pour réaliser une excavation dans un sol selon une direction de forage, ladite excavation ayant des parois et ladite machine de forage comportant :
- un module d'ancrage muni d'au moins un dispositif d'ancrage pour bloquer le déplacement selon la direction de forage du module d'ancrage par rapport au sol en prenant appui sur une des parois de l'excavation ;
- un module de forage muni d'organes de coupe, les organes de coupe étant mobiles en translation par rapport au module d'ancrage ;
- des moyens de déplacement pour déplacer en translation les organes de coupe par rapport au module d'ancrage.
- an anchoring module provided with at least one anchoring device for blocking the movement in the drilling direction of the anchoring module relative to the ground by resting on one of the walls of the excavation;
- a drilling module provided with cutting members, the cutting members being movable in translation with respect to the anchoring module;
- displacement means for moving the cutting members in translation relative to the anchoring module.
Une telle machine est notamment décrite dans le document
Une telle machine permet d'exercer une poussée verticale sur les organes de coupe dont l'intensité est très supérieure au poids du châssis, ce qui permet de forer dans des terrains durs, tel que par exemple le granite.Such a machine makes it possible to exert a vertical thrust on the cutting members, the intensity of which is much greater than the weight of the frame, which makes it possible to drill in hard ground, such as for example granite.
Un inconvénient de cette machine est que les organes de coupe peuvent avoir tendance à glisser sur des portions de sol dures, risquant de provoquer une déviation de la trajectoire de la machine de forage, ce qui se révèle problématique, notamment lorsque l'on réalise des forages à grande profondeur.A drawback of this machine is that the cutting members may have a tendency to slip on hard portions of soil, risking a deviation from the trajectory of the drilling machine, which proves to be problematic, in particular when making cuts. deep drilling.
Un but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients précités en proposant une machine de forage permettant de forer des terrains durs tout en contrôlant la trajectoire de forage.An object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a drilling machine making it possible to drill hard ground while controlling the drilling trajectory.
Pour ce faire, le module de forage est articulé par rapport au module d'ancrage et la machine de forage comporte au moins des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire configurés pour faire pivoter, selon un axe de pivotement transversal à la direction de forage, le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage.To do this, the drilling module is articulated with respect to the anchoring module and the drilling machine comprises at least first trajectory correction means configured to rotate, along a pivot axis transverse to the drilling direction, the drilling modulus relative to the anchoring modulus.
La direction de forage est sensiblement verticale, et à tout le moins non-horizontale.The drilling direction is substantially vertical, and at the very least non-horizontal.
Du fait de son articulation, le module de forage est monté notamment pivotant par rapport au module d'ancrage. Le pivotement du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage permet de modifier la position des organes de coupe, et, partant, de corriger la trajectoire de la machine de forage.Due to its articulation, the drilling module is mounted in particular to pivot relative to the anchoring module. The pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module makes it possible to modify the position of the cutting members, and therefore to correct the trajectory of the drilling machine.
Préférentiellement, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire de forage sont actionnés pendant que le dispositif d'ancrage est actionné, c'est-à-dire pendant que le module d'ancrage est arrimé dans le sol.Preferably, the first drilling trajectory correction means are actuated while the anchoring device is actuated, that is to say while the anchoring module is stowed in the ground.
On comprend ainsi que, lorsque l'on souhaite corriger la trajectoire de la machine de forage, on immobilise le module d'ancrage dans le sol en actionnant le dispositif d'ancrage, on pivote le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage en agissant sur les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire, et on agit sur les moyens de déplacement pour déplacer en translation vers le bas le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage. Selon l'invention, le pivotement du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage peut avoir lieu avant, après ou concomitamment au déplacement en translation du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage. On comprend donc que l'invention permet de corriger la direction de forage de façon précise grâce à l'ancrage du module d'ancrage.It is thus understood that, when it is desired to correct the trajectory of the drilling machine, the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground by actuating the anchoring device, the drilling module is pivoted relative to the anchoring module. by acting on the first trajectory correction means, and acting on the displacement means to move the drilling module in translation downward relative to the anchoring module. According to the invention, the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module can take place before, after or concomitantly with the translational movement of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module. It is therefore understood that the invention makes it possible to correct the drilling direction in a precise manner by virtue of the anchoring of the anchoring module.
Un autre intérêt de l'invention est de pouvoir transmettre un effort vers les organes de coupe dans une direction inclinée par rapport à la direction longitudinale du module d'ancrage, cet effort pouvant présenter une intensité très importante dans la mesure où l'on peut exercer une poussée sur le module de forage tout en prenant appui sur les parois de l'excavation grâce à l'ancrage dans le sol du module d'ancrage.Another advantage of the invention is to be able to transmit a force to the cutting members in a direction inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module, this force being able to present a very high intensity insofar as one can exert a thrust on the drilling module while resting on the walls of the excavation thanks to the anchoring in the ground of the anchoring module.
Selon une autre variante, on immobilise le module d'ancrage dans le sol après avoir pivoté le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage pour corriger la trajectoire.According to another variant, the anchoring module is immobilized in the ground after having pivoted the drilling module relative to the anchoring module in order to correct the trajectory.
L'articulation entre le module de forage et le module d'ancrage est opérée par un organe d'articulation qui peut être réalisé par une ou plusieurs liaisons de type pivot, par une liaison de type rotule, ou par tout autre type de moyen d'articulation équivalent. Cet organe d'articulation peut appartenir aux moyens de déplacement, ou bien être disposé entre les moyens de déplacement et le module de forage, ou bien entre les moyens de déplacement et le module d'ancrage.The articulation between the drilling module and the anchoring module is operated by an articulation member which can be produced by one or more pivot type connections, by a ball joint type connection, or by any other type of means. equivalent joint. This articulation member may belong to the displacement means, or else be arranged between the displacement means and the drilling module, or else between the displacement means and the anchoring module.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, le module d'ancrage comporte les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire, qui sont configurés pour exercer une poussée sur le module de forage selon une direction transversale à la direction de forage, par quoi l'actionnement des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire fait pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the anchoring module comprises the first trajectory correction means, which are configured to exert a thrust on the drilling module in a direction transverse to the drilling direction, whereby the actuation of the first path correction means rotates the drilling module relative to the anchoring module.
On comprend que lorsque le module d'ancrage est ancré au sol dans l'excavation, il constitue un support immobile. Aussi, une poussée exercée sur le module de forage par les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire disposés sur le module d'ancrage a pour effet de faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage en raison de l'articulation existant entre le module de forage et le module d'ancrage. Ce pivotement a lieu selon l'axe de pivotement transversal à la direction de forage, ce dernier étant de préférence horizontal.It is understood that when the anchoring module is anchored to the ground in the excavation, it constitutes an immobile support. Also, a thrust exerted on the drilling module by the first trajectory correction means arranged on the anchoring module has the effect of causing the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module due to the articulation existing between the drilling module and the anchoring module. This pivoting takes place along the pivot axis transverse to the drilling direction, the latter preferably being horizontal.
De préférence, l'axe de pivotement traverse le module d'ancrage.Preferably, the pivot axis passes through the anchoring module.
Avantageusement, le module de forage comporte une section inférieure portant les organes de coupe et une section supérieure s'étendant au moins en partie à l'intérieur du module d'ancrage, et dans laquelle les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont disposés entre le module d'ancrage et la section supérieure du module de forage. Les sections inférieure et supérieure peuvent être fixées solidairement l'une à l'autre de façon à former un corps monobloc, ou bien être mobile l'une par rapport à l'autre.Advantageously, the drilling module comprises a lower section carrying the cutting members and an upper section extending at least partly inside the anchoring module, and in which the first trajectory correction means are arranged between the anchor module and the upper section of the drill module. The lower and upper sections can be fixed together one to the other so as to form a single-piece body, or else to be mobile with respect to one another.
Aussi, le pivotement du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage est réalisé par l'action des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sur la section supérieure du module de forage.Also, the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module is achieved by the action of the first trajectory correction means on the upper section of the drilling module.
Considérée dans un plan perpendiculaire à la direction de forage, la section inférieure du module de forage présente une longueur qui est, de préférence, sensiblement égale à la longueur du module d'ancrage. Il en est de même pour les largeurs respectives de la section inférieure du module de forage et du module d'ancrage.Considered in a plane perpendicular to the drilling direction, the lower section of the drilling module has a length which is preferably substantially equal to the length of the anchoring module. The same is true for the respective widths of the lower section of the drilling module and of the anchoring module.
Avantageusement, la section supérieure du module de forage est mobile à l'intérieur du module d'ancrage. De préférence, la section supérieure du module de forage est mobile en translation et en rotation par rapport au module d'ancrage.Advantageously, the upper section of the drilling module is movable inside the anchoring module. Preferably, the upper section of the drilling module is movable in translation and in rotation with respect to the anchoring module.
Selon une première variante du premier mode de réalisation, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont disposés en partie supérieure du module d'ancrage, tandis que l'axe de pivotement est disposé en partie inférieure du module d'ancrage, afin de bénéficier d'un bras de levier sensiblement égal à la longueur du module d'ancrage.According to a first variant of the first embodiment, the first trajectory correction means are arranged in the upper part of the anchoring module, while the pivot axis is arranged in the lower part of the anchoring module, in order to benefit from 'a lever arm substantially equal to the length of the anchoring module.
Dans cette première variante, la section inférieure du module de forage peut être montée coulissante par rapport à la section supérieure dudit module de forage. Aussi, lors de l'actionnement des moyens de déplacement, la section inférieure portant les organes de coupe se déplace en translation par rapport à la section supérieure selon la direction de forage. Le module de forage comporte donc une position rétractée dans laquelle la distance entre les organes de coupe et la section supérieure est minimale, et une position déployée, dans laquelle la distance entre les organes de coupe et la section supérieure est maximale. L'ensemble constitué des sections supérieure et inférieure est monté pivotant par rapport au module d'ancrage.In this first variant, the lower section of the drilling module can be mounted to slide relative to the upper section of said drilling module. Also, when actuating the displacement means, the lower section carrying the cutting members moves in translation relative to the upper section in the direction of drilling. The drilling module therefore has a retracted position in which the distance between the cutting members and the upper section is minimum, and a deployed position, in which the distance between the cutting members and the upper section is maximum. The assembly consisting of the upper and lower sections is pivotally mounted relative to the anchoring module.
Selon une deuxième variante, le module d'ancrage comporte un corps et un manchon longitudinal dans lequel est montée coulissante la section supérieure du module de forage, le manchon longitudinal étant articulé par rapport au corps. De préférence, le manchon est monté pivotant par rapport au corps selon l'axe de pivotement. Les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont configurés pour pousser le manchon afin de le faire pivoter par rapport au corps du module d'ancrage, ce qui de facto provoque le pivotement du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage. De préférence, mais pas exclusivement, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont disposés sur le manchon.According to a second variant, the anchoring module comprises a body and a longitudinal sleeve in which the upper section of the drilling module is slidably mounted, the longitudinal sleeve being articulated with respect to the body. Preferably, the sleeve is mounted to pivot relative to the body along the pivot axis. The first path correction means are configured to push the sleeve in order to rotate it relative to the body of the anchoring module, which de facto causes the pivoting of the drilling module relative to the anchoring module. Preferably, but not exclusively, the first trajectory correction means are arranged on the sleeve.
De préférence, la section supérieure du module de forage traverse longitudinalement le module d'ancrage. Encore de préférence, l'extrémité supérieure de la section supérieure fait saillie au-delà de l'extrémité supérieure du module d'ancrage.Preferably, the upper section of the drilling module passes longitudinally through the anchoring module. More preferably, the upper end of the upper section protrudes beyond the upper end of the anchor module.
Avantageusement, la machine de forage comporte en outre des deuxièmes moyens de correction de trajectoire qui sont situés sur la section inférieure du module de forage et qui sont configurés pour exercer une poussée sur l'une des parois de l'excavation selon ladite direction transversale à la direction de forage.Advantageously, the drilling machine further comprises second trajectory correction means which are located on the lower section of the drilling module and which are configured to exert a thrust on one of the walls of the excavation in said direction transverse to the direction of drilling.
L'action concomitante des premiers et deuxièmes moyens de correction de trajectoire permet de faciliter le pivotement du module de forage autour de l'axe de pivotement en exerçant sur ce dernier un couple de rotation plus important que celui exercé par les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire seuls.The concomitant action of the first and second trajectory correction means makes it possible to facilitate the pivoting of the drilling module around the pivot axis by exerting on the latter a greater torque than that exerted by the first correction means of trajectory alone.
Avantageusement, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire comprennent au moins un patin de poussée.Advantageously, the first trajectory correction means comprise at least one thrust pad.
Dans la première variante, le patin de poussée exerce une poussée sur la section supérieure du module de forage, tandis que dans la deuxième variante, le patin de poussée exerce une poussée sur le manchon.In the first variant, the thrust shoe exerts a thrust on the upper section of the drilling module, while in the second variant, the thrust shoe exerts a thrust on the sleeve.
De préférence, ledit patin de poussée est actionné par un vérin monté au module d'ancrage.Preferably, said thrust shoe is actuated by a jack mounted on the anchoring module.
Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont disposés sur le module de forage et sont configurés pour exercer une poussée sur une des parois de l'excavation selon une direction transversale à la direction de forage, par quoi l'actionnement des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire fait pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage.According to a second embodiment, the first trajectory correction means are arranged on the drilling module and are configured to exert a thrust on one of the walls of the excavation in a direction transverse to the drilling direction, whereby the actuation of the first trajectory correction means causes the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module.
Dès lors que les parois de l'excavation restent immobiles, on comprend que l'actionnement des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire, provoquant une poussée exercée sur les parois de l'excavation selon une direction transversale à la direction de forage, a pour effet de faire pivoter le module de forage selon un axe de pivotement perpendiculaire à la direction de forage, qui est de préférence sensiblement horizontal. On précise que la masse du module d'ancrage est préférentiellement supérieure à celle du module de forage.As soon as the walls of the excavation remain stationary, it will be understood that the actuation of the first trajectory correction means, causing a thrust exerted on the walls of the excavation in a direction transverse to the drilling direction, has the effect of causing the drilling module to pivot along a pivot axis perpendicular to the drilling direction, which is preferably substantially horizontal. It is specified that the mass of the anchoring module is preferably greater than that of the drilling module.
Préférentiellement, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont disposés sur les faces avant et arrière du module de forage, de façon à pouvoir faire pivoter le module de forage, considéré dans un premier plan vertical, vers l'avant ou vers l'arrière du module de forage. Lorsque la machine est une fraise, les faces avant et arrière sont perpendiculaires aux axes de rotation des tambours.Preferably, the first trajectory correction means are arranged on the front and rear faces of the drilling module, so as to be able to pivot the drilling module, considered in a first vertical plane, towards the front or towards the rear of the drilling module. drilling module. When the machine is a milling cutter, the front and rear faces are perpendicular to the axes of rotation of the drums.
Les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire peuvent aussi être disposés sur les côtés latéraux du module de forage afin de permettre un pivotement, dans un deuxième plan vertical, orthogonal au premier plan vertical, vers l'un ou l'autre des côtés latéraux.The first trajectory correction means can also be arranged on the lateral sides of the drilling module in order to allow pivoting, in a second vertical plane, orthogonal to the first vertical plane, towards one or the other of the lateral sides.
Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire comportent un ensemble d'actionneurs motorisés configurés pour faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage sans nécessairement prendre appui sur les parois de l'excavation.According to another embodiment, the first trajectory correction means comprise a set of motorized actuators configured to pivot the drilling module relative to the anchoring module without necessarily resting on the walls of the excavation.
Avantageusement, les moyens de déplacement sont montés pivotants par rapport au module d'ancrage, de préférence selon ledit axe de pivotement. Autrement dit, le module de forage pivote avec les moyens de déplacement lorsque les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont actionnés.Advantageously, the displacement means are mounted to pivot relative to the anchoring module, preferably along said pivot axis. In other words, the drilling module pivots with the displacement means when the first trajectory correction means are actuated.
De façon particulièrement avantageuse, les moyens de déplacement comportent au moins un dispositif de poussée pour exercer une poussée sur les organes de coupe orientée selon la direction de forage et dirigée vers le bas.Particularly advantageously, the displacement means comprise at least one thrust device for exerting a thrust on the cutting members oriented in the direction of drilling and directed downwards.
On comprend que le dispositif de poussée permet d'assurer que les organes de coupe restent en contact avec le terrain à découper.It will be understood that the pushing device makes it possible to ensure that the cutting members remain in contact with the ground to be cut.
Le dispositif de poussée comporte préférentiellement au moins un vérin de poussée disposé entre le module d'ancrage et le module de forage. Encore de préférence, le dispositif de poussée comporte une paire de vérins de poussée disposés de part et d'autre d'un plan longitudinal médian de la machine de forage.The pushing device preferably comprises at least one pushing cylinder arranged between the anchoring module and the drilling module. Even more preferably, the pushing device comprises a pair of pushing cylinders arranged on either side of a median longitudinal plane of the drilling machine.
Avantageusement, le dispositif d'ancrage comporte au moins un patin d'ancrage apte à prendre appui sur une des parois de l'excavation pour bloquer le déplacement selon la direction de forage du module d'ancrage par rapport au sol.Advantageously, the anchoring device comprises at least one anchoring shoe capable of resting on one of the walls of the excavation to block the movement in the direction of drilling of the anchoring module relative to the ground.
Le patin d'ancrage se déploie selon une direction transversale, de préférence orthogonale, à la direction de forage. De préférence, chacune des faces avant et arrière du module d'ancrage est équipée d'au moins un patin d'ancrage.The anchoring pad is deployed in a direction transverse, preferably orthogonal, to the drilling direction. Preferably, each of the front and rear faces of the anchoring module is equipped with at least one anchoring pad.
Avantageusement, sur chacune des faces avant et arrière du module d'ancrage, le ou les patins d'ancrage définissent une surface sensiblement continue qui s'étend selon une hauteur, considérée selon la direction longitudinale du module d'ancrage, au moins égale aux deux tiers de la hauteur dudit module de forage.Advantageously, on each of the front and rear faces of the anchoring module, the one or more anchoring pads define a substantially continuous surface which extends along a height, considered in the longitudinal direction of the anchoring module, at least equal to the two thirds of the height of said drilling module.
Selon une autre variante, le dispositif d'ancrage comporte une pluralité de coussins gonflables disposés sur au moins l'une, et de préférence les deux, faces avant et arrière du module d'ancrage. L'ancrage du module d'ancrage est réalisé en gonflant les coussins qui viennent alors prendre appui contre les parois de l'excavation.According to another variant, the anchoring device comprises a plurality of inflatable cushions arranged on at least one, and preferably both, front and rear faces of the anchoring module. The anchoring of the anchoring module is achieved by inflating the cushions which then come to rest against the walls of the excavation.
Selon un aspect particulièrement avantageux de l'invention, la machine de forage est munie de moyens amortisseurs afin d'amortir les vibrations générées par les organes de coupe lors de la réalisation du forage.According to a particularly advantageous aspect of the invention, the drilling machine is provided with damping means in order to damp the vibrations generated by the cutting members during the drilling.
Selon un exemple de réalisation, les moyens amortisseurs agissent sur le circuit hydraulique qui alimente les vérins de poussée. Il s'agit par exemple d'un organe hydraulique de type accumulateur relié au circuit hydraulique d'alimentation du vérin de poussée. Selon une variante, les moyens amortisseurs pourraient également comporter des moyens ressorts montés en parallèle avec les vérins de poussée.According to an exemplary embodiment, the damping means act on the hydraulic circuit which supplies the thrust cylinders. It is for example a hydraulic member of the accumulator type connected to the hydraulic supply circuit of the push cylinder. According to a variant, the damping means could also include spring means mounted in parallel with the thrust cylinders.
Dans un mode de réalisation préférentiel, la machine de forage comporte un câble de sustentation à l'extrémité inférieure duquel le module de forage est suspendu.In a preferred embodiment, the drilling machine comprises a lifting cable at the lower end of which the drilling module is suspended.
Le câble de sustentation s'étend verticalement depuis un mât d'un porteur, connu par ailleurs.The lift cable extends vertically from a mast of a carrier, known elsewhere.
Avantageusement, la section supérieure du module de forage est montée coulissante dans le module d'ancrage tout en étant suspendue à l'extrémité inférieure du câble de sustentation.Advantageously, the upper section of the drilling module is slidably mounted in the anchoring module while being suspended from the lower end of the lifting cable.
Selon l'invention, ladite machine de forage est une fraise dont les organes de coupe comportent deux paires de tambours qui sont rotatifs autour d'axes de rotation parallèles, distincts et perpendiculaires à la direction de forage.According to the invention, said drilling machine is a cutter, the cutting members of which comprise two pairs of drums which are rotatable about axes of rotation which are parallel, distinct and perpendicular to the direction of drilling.
Avantageusement, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire sont configurés pour faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage selon un axe de pivotement perpendiculaire à la direction de forage qui est perpendiculaire à la direction de forage et aux axes de rotation des tambours.Advantageously, the first trajectory correction means are configured to rotate the drilling module relative to the anchoring module according to a pivot axis perpendicular to the drilling direction which is perpendicular to the drilling direction and to the axes of rotation of the drums.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation de l'invention donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'une première variante d'un premier mode de réalisation de la machine de forage conforme à l'invention, le module de forage étant en position rétractée, le dispositif d'ancrage étant désactivé ; - la
figure 2 est une vue de face de la machine de lafigure 1 ; - la
figure 3 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 1 ; - la
figure 4 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 1 le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé ; - la
figure 5 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 1 , le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé et le module de forage pivoté par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un premier sens ; - la
figure 6 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 1 , le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé et le module de forage pivoté par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un second sens, opposé au premier sens ; - la
figure 7 est vue en perspective de la première variante du premier mode de réalisation de la machine de forage, le module de forage étant en position déployée ; - la
figure 8 est une vue de face de la machine de lafigure 7 ; - la
figure 9 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 7 ; - la
figure 10 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 7 le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé ; - la
figure 11 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 7 , le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé et le module de forage pivoté par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un premier sens ; - la
figure 12 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 7 , le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé et le module de forage pivoté par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un second sens, opposé au premier sens ; - la
figure 13 est vue en perspective d'une deuxième variante du premier mode de réalisation de la machine de forage, le module de forage étant en position rétractée ; - la
figure 14 est une vue de face de la machine de lafigure 13 ; - la
figure 15 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 13 ; - la
figure 16 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 13 , le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé ; - la
figure 17 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 13 , le dispositif d'ancrage étant activé et le module de forage pivoté par rapport au module d'ancrage dans un premier sens ; - la
figure 18 est une vue en perspective de la deuxième variante du premier mode de réalisation de la machine de forage, le module de forage étant en position déployée ; - la
figure 19 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 18 ; - la
figure 20 est une vue de côté de la machine de lafigure 18 , le module d'ancrage étant activé ; et - la
figure 21 est une vue en perspective d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de la machine de forage selon l'invention.
- the
figure 1 is a perspective view of a first variant of a first embodiment of the drilling machine according to the invention, the drilling module being in the retracted position, the anchoring device being deactivated; - the
figure 2 is a front view of the machine from thefigure 1 ; - the
figure 3 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 1 ; - the
figure 4 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 1 the anchoring device being activated; - the
figure 5 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 1 , the anchoring device being activated and the drilling module pivoted relative to the anchoring module in a first direction; - the
figure 6 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 1 , the anchoring device being activated and the drilling module pivoted relative to the anchoring module in a second direction, opposite to the first direction; - the
figure 7 is a perspective view of the first variant of the first embodiment of the drilling machine, the drilling module being in the deployed position; - the
figure 8 is a front view of the machine from thefigure 7 ; - the
figure 9 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 7 ; - the
figure 10 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 7 the anchoring device being activated; - the
figure 11 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 7 , the anchoring device being activated and the drilling module pivoted relative to the anchoring module in a first direction; - the
figure 12 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 7 , the anchoring device being activated and the drilling module pivoted relative to the anchoring module in a second direction, opposite to the first direction; - the
figure 13 is a perspective view of a second variant of the first embodiment of the drilling machine, the drilling module being in the retracted position; - the
figure 14 is a front view of the machine from thefigure 13 ; - the
figure 15 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 13 ; - the
figure 16 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 13 , the anchoring device being activated; - the
figure 17 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 13 , the anchoring device being activated and the drilling module pivoted relative to the anchoring module in a first direction; - the
figure 18 is a perspective view of the second variant of the first embodiment of the drilling machine, the drilling module being in the deployed position; - the
figure 19 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 18 ; - the
figure 20 is a side view of the machine from thefigure 18 , the anchoring module being activated; and - the
figure 21 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the drilling machine according to the invention.
A l'aide de
Considérée dans un plan horizontal, l'excavation E présente la forme d'une tranchée sensiblement rectangulaire et définissant des parois sensiblement verticales référencées P1, P2, P3 et P4. La machine présente une hauteur H, une longueur L et une largeur l. Comme on le comprend à l'aide des
Dans cet exemple, la machine de forage 10 est une fraise qui est suspendue à l'extrémité inférieure d'un câble de sustentation C qui est porté par un mât de levage d'un engin de levage (non représenté) connu par ailleurs.In this example, the
La machine de forage 10 comporte un module d'ancrage 12 qui est muni dans cet exemple de quatre dispositifs d'ancrage 14 qui, comme on l'expliquera plus en détail ci-après, sont configurés pour bloquer le déplacement selon la direction de forage du module d'ancrage 12 par rapport au sol S en prenant appui sur les parois P1 et P2 de l'excavation E. The
Les dispositifs d'ancrage 14 comportent des patins d'ancrage 16 qui sont aptes à prendre appui sur les parois P1 et P2 de l'excavation, comme cela est illustré notamment en
Dans cet exemple, le module d'ancrage comporte quatre patins 16 qui s'étendent sensiblement sur toute la hauteur du module d'ancrage 12. Sans sortir du cadre de la présente invention, on pourrait prévoir un nombre différent de patins, pour autant que leur nombre et leur surface soient suffisants pour immobiliser le module d'ancrage dans le sol pendant les opérations de forage.In this example, the anchoring module comprises four
La machine de forage 10 comporte en outre un module de forage 20 qui est muni d'organes de coupe 22. Dans cet exemple, les organes de coupe 22 comprennent deux paires de tambours 24 qui sont rotatifs autour d'axes de rotation A1, A2 parallèles, distincts et perpendiculaires à la direction de forage DF. The
En référence aux
Comme on le comprend à l'aide des
Le module de forage 20 comporte une section inférieure 26 qui porte les organes de coupe 22 et une section supérieure 28. La section supérieure 28 comporte une partie inférieure 30 et une partie supérieure 32 qui traverse longitudinalement le module d'ancrage 12. Comme on le comprend à l'aide des
Dans les
Conformément à l'invention, le module de forage 20 est en outre articulé par rapport au module d'ancrage 12. Dans cet exemple, l'articulation consiste en une liaison pivot d'axe de pivotement X définie entre le module d'ancrage 12 et le module de forage 20. L'axe de pivotement X est perpendiculaire à la direction de forage DF et, dans cet exemple, s'étend sensiblement horizontalement. Dans ce premier mode de réalisation, l'axe de pivotement X est situé entre la partie inférieure 30 et la partie supérieure 32 de la section supérieure 28 du module de forage 20. On constate également que l'axe de pivotement X est disposé à l'extrémité inférieure du module d'ancrage 12. De plus, la partie supérieure 32 de la section supérieure 28 du module de forage 20 s'étend à l'intérieur du module d'ancrage 12 et fait saillie au-delà de l'extrémité supérieure 12a du module d'ancrage 12. On comprend donc que la section supérieure 28 du module de forage 20 est montée pivotante autour de l'axe de pivotement X par rapport au module d'ancrage 12. Cette articulation permet de corriger la trajectoire de forage en faisant pivoter le module de forage. Pour ce faire, la machine de forage comporte en outre des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 40 qui sont configurés pour faire pivoter le module de forage 20 par rapport au module d'ancrage 12 selon l'axe de pivotement X. On précise également que les vérins de poussée 37 pivotent avec les organes de coupe 22. In accordance with the invention, the
En se référant aux
Plus précisément, dans cette première variante, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 40, situés à l'extrémité supérieure 12a du module d'ancrage 12, sont disposés entre l'extrémité supérieure du module d'ancrage et la partie supérieure de la section supérieure 28 du module de forage, de sorte qu'une poussée exercée par les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 40 a pour effet de faire pivoter le module de forage autour de l'axe de pivotement X. Comme on le voit sur la
Par exemple, sur la
Les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 40 comprennent des patins de poussée 42 qui sont actionnés par les vérins 44 montés à l'extrémité supérieure 12a du module d'ancrage 12. The first trajectory correction means 40 comprise thrust
En se référant à nouveau à la
En se référant à la
Dans cet exemple, les deuxièmes moyens de correction de trajectoire 43 sont des patins disposés sur les faces avant et arrière de la section inférieure du module de forage 20. In this example, the second trajectory correction means 43 are pads arranged on the front and rear faces of the lower section of the
Dans cet exemple, la machine de forage 10 est munie de moyens amortisseurs 45 pour amortir les vibrations générées par les organes de coupe 22 lors de la réalisation du forage. Dans cette variante, les moyens amortisseurs 45 comportent un dispositif hydraulique amortisseur qui est relié au circuit hydraulique alimentant les vérins de poussée 37. In this example, the
On va maintenant décrire un exemple d'utilisation de la machine de forage 10. Lors d'un forage des sols, après introduction de la machine de forage 10 dans le sol, on actionne les dispositifs d'ancrage afin d'immobiliser le module d'ancrage 12, comme cela est illustré en
A l'aide des
Les dispositifs d'ancrage 114 comportent plusieurs patins d'ancrage 116 déployables qui sont aptes à prendre appui sur les parois P1, P2 de l'excavation E pour bloquer le déplacement vertical du module d'ancrage par rapport au sol S. Dans ce deuxième mode de réalisation, les dispositifs d'ancrage 114 s'étendent sur toute la hauteur du module d'ancrage, les patins d'ancrage formant quatre rangées qui s'étendent le long des extrémités latérales des faces avant et arrière du module de forage.The anchoring
La machine de forage 110 comporte par ailleurs un module de forage 120 qui est muni d'organe de coupe 122, similaire aux organes de coupe du premier mode de réalisation. Ces organes de coupe sont reliés au module d'ancrage 112 tout en étant mobiles en translation par rapport audit module d'ancrage.The
La machine de forage 110 comporte des moyens de déplacement 135 pour déplacer les organes de coupe 122 par rapport au module d'ancrage 112, ces moyens de déplacement comportant un dispositif de poussée 136, comprenant des vérins de poussée 137 disposés entre le module d'ancrage et le module de forage. Ce dispositif de poussée 136 est configuré pour exercer une poussée sur les organes de coupe 122 orientée selon la direction de forage DF et dirigée vers le bas. Le module de forage comporte une section inférieure 126 portant les organes de coupe 122, et une section supérieure 128 qui s'étend à l'intérieur du module d'ancrage 112. The
Plus précisément, la section supérieure 128 du module de forage est montée coulissante à l'intérieur du module d'ancrage 112 selon la direction longitudinale du module d'ancrage. L'actionnement des vérins de poussée 137 a pour effet de déplacer l'ensemble constitué de la section inférieure 126 et de la section supérieure 128 du module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage, comme illustré en
A l'instar de la première variante, l'actionnement des vérins de poussée 137 est préférentiellement réalisé après que le module d'ancrage 112 est immobilisé dans le sol. Sur les
Conformément à l'invention, le module de forage 120 est en outre articulé par rapport au module d'ancrage 112. A l'instar du premier mode de réalisation, cette articulation consiste en une liaison pivot autour d'un axe de pivotement X permettant un pivotement du module de forage 120 par rapport au module d'ancrage 112 comme dans la première variante, l'axe de pivotement X et sensiblement horizontal.According to the invention, the
En se référant à la
Aussi, le pivotement du module de forage 120 par rapport au module d'ancrage 112 est réalisé en faisant pivoter le manchon 160 par rapport au corps 161 du module d'ancrage 112 autour de l'axe de pivotement X, le pivotement du manchon 160 entraînant le pivotement de la section supérieure 128 du module de forage, et donc le pivotement du module de forage 120 dans le sens de rotation S1, ou dans le sens de rotation S2. Also, the pivoting of the
On précise que les vérins de poussée 137 sont disposés entre le manchon 161 et la section inférieure du module de forage, de sorte que le dispositif de poussée 136 pivote avec le module de forage 120. It is specified that the
Pour réaliser ce pivotement, la machine de forage comporte des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 140, mieux visibles sur la vue de détail de la
Le module d'ancrage 112 comporte les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 140, qui sont configurés pour exercer une poussée sur le module de forage 120 selon une direction T qui est transversale à la direction de forage DF, par quoi l'actionnement des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire fait pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage. Pour ce faire, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 140 sont disposés entre le manchon 160 et le corps 161 du module d'ancrage, de sorte que l'actionnement des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 140 selon la direction T a pour effet de faire pivoter le manchon 160 par rapport au corps 161 du module d'ancrage autour de l'axe de pivotement X. The
Dans cet exemple, les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 140 comprennent des patins de poussée 142 qui sont actionnés par des vérins 144 montés sur le manchon 160 du module d'ancrage.In this example, the first trajectory correction means 140 comprise thrust
Sur la
Les éléments de la machine 210
La machine de forage 210 se distingue de celle de la
Les premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire 240 sont configurés pour exercer une poussée sur l'une ou l'autre des parois P1 et P2 de l'excavation selon une direction transversale à la direction de forage.The first trajectory correction means 240 are configured to exert a thrust on one or the other of the walls P1 and P2 of the excavation in a direction transverse to the direction of drilling.
Dans l'exemple de la
L'actionnement des premiers moyens de correction de trajectoire a pour effet de faire pivoter le module de forage par rapport au module d'ancrage autour de l'axe de pivotement X. The actuation of the first trajectory correction means has the effect of causing the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchoring module about the pivot axis X.
Claims (15)
- A drilling machine (10, 110, 210) for making an excavation (E) in ground (S) in a vertical drilling direction (DF), said excavation having walls and said drilling machine being a milling machine comprising:an anchor module (12, 112, 212) having at least one anchor device (14, 114, 214) for preventing the anchor module (12, 112, 212) from moving in the drilling direction relative to the ground (S) by bearing against one of the walls (P1, P2) of the excavation (E);a drilling module (20, 120, 220) provided with cutter members (22, 122, 222), the cutter members being connected to the anchor module (12, 112, 212) while being movable in translation relative to the anchor module, the cutter members (22, 122, 222) comprising two pairs of drums (24) that are rotatable about axes of rotation (A1, A2) that are parallel, distinct, and perpendicular to the drilling direction;movement means (35, 135, 235) for moving the cutter members (22, 122, 222) in translation relative to the anchor module (12, 112, 212);the drilling machine being characterized in that the drilling module (20, 120, 220) is hinged relative to the anchor module (12, 112, 212), and in that the drilling module further comprises at least first path correction means (40, 140, 240) configured to cause the drilling module (20, 120, 220) to pivot relative to the anchor module (12, 112, 212) about a pivot axis (X) perpendicular to the drilling direction (DF).
- A drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the anchor module includes the first path correction means (40, 140) that are configured to exert thrust on the drilling module in a direction (T1, T2) extending transversely relative to the drilling direction (DF), whereby actuating the first path correction means causes the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchor module.
- A drilling machine according to claim 2, wherein the drilling machine (20, 120) has a bottom section (26, 126) carrying the cutter members (22, 122), and a top section (28, 128) extending at least in part inside the anchor module (12, 112), and wherein the first path correction means are arranged between the anchor module and the top section of the drilling module.
- A drilling machine according to claim 3, wherein the drilling machine further comprises second path correction means (43) that are situated on the bottom section (26) of the drilling module (20) and that are configured to exert thrust on one of the walls (P1, P2) of the excavation transversely relative to the drilling direction (PF).
- A drilling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the first path correction means (40, 140) comprise at least one thrust pad (42, 142).
- A drilling machine according to claim 5, wherein the thrust pad (42, 142) is actuated by an actuator (44, 144) mounted on the anchor module.
- A drilling machine according to claim 1, wherein the first path correction means (240) are arranged on the drilling module (220) and are configured to exert thrust on one of the walls of the excavation in a direction that extends transversely relative to the drilling direction, whereby actuating the first path correction means causes the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchor module.
- A drilling machine according to any preceding claim, wherein the movement means are mounted to pivot relative to the anchor module (12, 112, 212).
- A drilling machine according to any preceding claim, wherein the movement means comprise a thrust device (36, 136, 236) for exerting downwardly directed thrust on the cutter members along the drilling direction (DF).
- A drilling machine according to claim 9, wherein the thrust device includes at least one thrust actuator (37, 137, 237) arranged between the anchor module and the drilling module.
- A drilling machine according to any preceding claim, wherein the anchor device (14, 114, 214) has at least one anchor pad (16, 116, 216) suitable for bearing against one of the walls (P1, P2) of the excavation (E) to prevent the anchor module from moving along the drilling direction relative to the ground (S).
- A drilling machine according to any preceding claim, wherein the drilling machine also has damper means (45) for damping the vibration generated by the cutter members while drilling.
- A drilling machine according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it includes a lift cable (C), with the drilling module (20) being suspended from the bottom end thereof.
- A drilling machine to claim 13 and one or the other of claims 3 and 4, wherein the top section (28) of the drilling module (20) passes through the anchor module (12) and the lift cable is fastened to the top end (28a) of the top section (28) of the drilling module.
- A drilling machine according to any one of preceding claims, wherein the first path correction means are configured to cause the drilling module to pivot relative to the anchor module about a pivot axis (X) that is perpendicular to the drilling direction (DF) and to the axes of rotation (A1, A2) of the drums (24).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1558425A FR3041022B1 (en) | 2015-09-10 | 2015-09-10 | ANCHORABLE DRILLING MACHINE HAVING AN ARTICULATED AND MOBILE DRILLING MODULE IN TRANSLATION |
PCT/FR2016/052245 WO2017042495A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 | 2016-09-08 | Drilling machine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3347527A1 EP3347527A1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
EP3347527B1 true EP3347527B1 (en) | 2021-03-03 |
Family
ID=55072812
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16775283.1A Active EP3347527B1 (en) | 2015-09-10 | 2016-09-08 | Machine for making a diaphragm wall |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US10480147B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3347527B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6738410B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102337105B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108495967B (en) |
DE (1) | DE202016008572U1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR3041022B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017042495A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3401444B1 (en) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-11-27 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Underground diaphragm and method for creating a slit in the ground |
FR3078739B1 (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2020-03-27 | Soletanche Freyssinet | DRILLING MACHINE COMPRISING A CONNECTION DEVICE FOR A VERTICALITY MEASURING DEVICE |
FR3083819B1 (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-11-27 | Soletanche Freyssinet | ANCHOR KIT FOR DRILLING MACHINE |
DE102019101305A1 (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2020-07-23 | Liebherr-Werk Nenzing Gmbh | Modular trench cutter |
KR102373567B1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2022-03-11 | (주)나우이엔에스 | Control System And Method Of Trench Cutter |
EP4053342B1 (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2023-10-11 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Underground wall milling device and method for creating a milled slit in the ground |
EP4112816B1 (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-09-13 | BAUER Maschinen GmbH | Underground diaphragm and method for creating a slit in the ground |
GB2623979A (en) * | 2022-11-01 | 2024-05-08 | Senake Atureliya | Earth moving and traversing solutions |
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- 2016-09-08 EP EP16775283.1A patent/EP3347527B1/en active Active
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- 2016-09-08 JP JP2018512896A patent/JP6738410B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US10480147B2 (en) | 2019-11-19 |
DE202016008572U1 (en) | 2018-06-20 |
FR3041022B1 (en) | 2017-09-29 |
US20190040601A1 (en) | 2019-02-07 |
CN108495967A (en) | 2018-09-04 |
FR3041022A1 (en) | 2017-03-17 |
JP2018526551A (en) | 2018-09-13 |
KR20180053329A (en) | 2018-05-21 |
JP6738410B2 (en) | 2020-08-12 |
CN108495967B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
WO2017042495A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
KR102337105B1 (en) | 2021-12-08 |
EP3347527A1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
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