EP3347304A1 - Method for releasing hydrogen, use thereof and vehicle for same - Google Patents
Method for releasing hydrogen, use thereof and vehicle for sameInfo
- Publication number
- EP3347304A1 EP3347304A1 EP16767131.2A EP16767131A EP3347304A1 EP 3347304 A1 EP3347304 A1 EP 3347304A1 EP 16767131 A EP16767131 A EP 16767131A EP 3347304 A1 EP3347304 A1 EP 3347304A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- hydride
- hydrogen
- sodium
- metal hydride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/08—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents with metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/14—Alkali metal compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/02—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of alkali or alkaline earth metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
- B60L50/72—Constructional details of fuel cells specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for releasing hydrogen. Furthermore, it relates to a use of the released hydrogen and a vehicle for such use.
- the idea of the present invention was originally to bind the hydrogen atom to another atom so as to obtain a higher density, higher melting and boiling point substance.
- the inventor came to a method of using elemental sodium or sodium hydride. This can decompose water and release hydrogen.
- the resulting caustic soda is reused in a recycling process, thus closing the cycle.
- the described method enables the replacement of energy production by nuclear energy and fossil fuels.
- Sunlight can produce enough energy to meet today's electricity needs.
- the waste product caustic soda is reused after thickening the same by fused-salt electrolysis of sodium hydroxide. This electrolysis makes a buffer of totally generated energy totally consumed.
- Elemental sodium is stored in a first store. In a second vessel, water is stored. Hydrogen is released by the following reaction (see [1]):
- the sodium hydroxide formed reacts with excess water with heat release to sodium hydroxide solution (see recycling process).
- the energy indicated by f means the reaction enthalpy for water in the liquid state and that of g that for water in the gaseous state (water vapor).
- This hydrogen can be burned in internal combustion engines or turbines or even for heating purposes, wherein the oxygen required for this purpose is preferably removed from the atmosphere.
- Another possibility is to use a fuel cell to recover electrical energy from it. The recycling process
- FIG. 1 shows that the solubility values can be interpolated approximately linearly over the temperature.
- the hydrogen produced in the fused-salt electrolysis is combined with a part of the likewise resulting oxygen and reused in a fuel cell or heat engine.
- the other oxygen content is released to the atmosphere.
- the resulting metallic sodium is stored in a store.
- Variant B recovery of sodium hydride from sodium hydroxide
- the calorific value of 6 l diesel fuel is:
- FIG. 1 shows the solubility of caustic soda in water. At an operating temperature of 70 degrees Celsius, about 2.5 kg of caustic soda can be dissolved in one liter of water.
- Equations (9) and (13) allow the accumulation of NaOH to be calculated. With the just given information can then calculate the necessary additional amount of water.
- the area can be calculated to generate this energy:
- magnesium dihydride MgH 2 - also called simply magnesium hydride.
- magnesium dihydride MgH2 is accessible from the elements at 500 ° C and 200 bar.
- the substance is described in microcrystalline form, "activated MgH 2 ", which can be represented by catalytic reaction at lower pressure. However, this form is so reactive that the substance ignites in the air.
- MgH2 represents a white, solid, non-volatile, organic-insoluble body with very polar bonds whose density (1.45 g / cm3)
- MgH 2 Magnesium dihydride (MgH 2 ) reacts vigorously with hydrogen under evolution of hydrogen and, depending on the method of preparation, is resistant to air or self-igniting ("activated MgH 2"). At elevated temperature, it decomposes into the
- Burning 2 kg of hydrogen releases 242 MJ. This corresponds to an amount of 242 MJ / 42.1 MJ / kg 5.7 kg fuel oil.
- the volume of 5.7 kg fuel oil can be calculated with (8):
- lower alcohols such as methanol or ethanol.
- Particularly suitable lower alcohols are alcohols having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- the hydrogen is used for the operation of a vehicle, for heating buildings or (chemical) reactors, for power generation, namely in
- Thermal power plants or used in electrochemical cells.
- the sodium component (sodium or sodium hydride) is contained in a first container, the proton-delivering liquid in a second container. By adding the liquid in the first container, hydrogen is released.
- the materials may also be combined in a reaction chamber from which the products of the reaction are conveyed to a third vessel receiving the other products of the reaction, namely the caustic soda and the caustic soda respectively.
- the chambers may also be combined as a unit, e.g.
- the reaction chamber may form a unit with the first and third containers.
- the liquid is to be directed into the reaction chamber, and the reaction products, which are not gaseous, remain in it. This eliminates the need to transport the reaction products into the separate third container.
- alkali metals u.a.
- lithium (Li) and potassium (K) preference is given to lithium (Li) and potassium (K), and alkaline earth metal hydrides, preferably calcium hydride and magnesium dihydride.
- the temperature is set. •
- a hydride other than magnesium dihydride is used.
- the decomposition temperature is chosen according to the hydride.
- the volume of a metal hydride from which hydrogen can be released at an elevated temperature is at most 5 times, preferably at most 3.5 times, the volume of a 40 MJ / kg calorific value fuel to release one volume of hydrogen of the same calorific value as the fuel ,
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH12962015 | 2015-09-08 | ||
PCT/CH2016/000114 WO2017041190A1 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2016-09-02 | Method for releasing hydrogen, use thereof and vehicle for same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3347304A1 true EP3347304A1 (en) | 2018-07-18 |
Family
ID=55182175
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16767131.2A Withdrawn EP3347304A1 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2016-09-02 | Method for releasing hydrogen, use thereof and vehicle for same |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20190023566A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3347304A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108137317A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017041190A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19523939C2 (en) * | 1995-07-05 | 1999-05-20 | Ernst Dr Med Schaefer | Plant for the storage and utilization of solar, wind and / or hydropower energy |
DE10261340A1 (en) * | 2002-12-29 | 2004-07-15 | Schlüter, Claus, Dipl.-Ing. | Two-stage process for producing hydrogen, useful as fuel, by reacting sodium with water, then electrolysis of aqueous sodium hydroxide to generate gas mixture for current generation |
JP5350272B2 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2013-11-27 | ソシエテ ビック | Hydrogen gas generator |
US7790133B2 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2010-09-07 | Uop Llc | Multi-component hydrogen storage material |
CN104821409B (en) * | 2009-01-27 | 2018-01-05 | H2燃料***有限公司 | Method, apparatus and fuel for hydrogen manufacturing |
WO2010140873A1 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-09 | Kravecs Eduards | Method for the renewable production of hydrogen from recoverable substances |
US8951312B2 (en) * | 2011-11-09 | 2015-02-10 | Alvin Gabriel Stern | Compact, safe and portable hydrogen generation apparatus for hydrogen on-demand applications |
SG2013022967A (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2014-10-30 | Horizon Energy Systems Pte Ltd | Method and generator for hydrogen production |
CN103579652B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2016-05-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | A kind of fuel cell generation of magnesium hydride hydrolyzation hydrogen supplying |
-
2016
- 2016-09-02 WO PCT/CH2016/000114 patent/WO2017041190A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-09-02 EP EP16767131.2A patent/EP3347304A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-09-02 CN CN201680059371.4A patent/CN108137317A/en active Pending
- 2016-09-02 US US15/757,630 patent/US20190023566A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017041190A1 (en) | 2017-03-16 |
CN108137317A (en) | 2018-06-08 |
US20190023566A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
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