EP3346342A1 - Displacement conversion device - Google Patents
Displacement conversion device Download PDFInfo
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- EP3346342A1 EP3346342A1 EP17207036.9A EP17207036A EP3346342A1 EP 3346342 A1 EP3346342 A1 EP 3346342A1 EP 17207036 A EP17207036 A EP 17207036A EP 3346342 A1 EP3346342 A1 EP 3346342A1
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- drive
- frame
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- driving
- rotation
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B5/00—Automatic winding up
- G04B5/02—Automatic winding up by self-winding caused by the movement of the watch
- G04B5/10—Automatic winding up by self-winding caused by the movement of the watch by oscillating weights the movement of which is not limited
- G04B5/14—Automatic winding up by self-winding caused by the movement of the watch by oscillating weights the movement of which is not limited acting in both directions
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B11/00—Click devices; Stop clicks; Clutches
- G04B11/02—Devices allowing the motion of a rotatable part in only one direction
- G04B11/022—Devices allowing the motion of a rotatable part in only one direction with a ratchet which makes contact with the rotating member by means of teeth
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B13/00—Gearwork
- G04B13/005—Gearwork where a revolution in both directions is changed into a revolution in one direction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of displacement converters. More particularly, it relates to a displacement conversion device which serves to convert a rotation in any direction into a rotation in a single predetermined direction. This type of device finds particularly, but not exclusively, its application in automatic winding timepiece systems.
- the document CH336755 discloses an automatic winding device comprising an oscillating mass pivotally mounted on a support and rotatably connected to an eccentric cam.
- This cam rotates in a slot that includes a slide.
- the latter comprises a pair of nozzles which interact with a ratchet wheel which is kinematically connected to a motor member such as a mainspring, in order to reassemble it.
- the slide is guided so that it can perform reciprocating movements in a single degree of freedom in translation, that is to say rectilinear displacements, under the control of the eccentric cam.
- the nozzles are located on either side of the ratchet wheel to ensure that it is rotated in a single direction of rotation when the slide moves, regardless of the direction of displacement.
- the slide rubs on its guide system and on the frame on which it is mounted, which is also detrimental to its performance.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, and thus to provide a displacement conversion device having improved performance.
- the invention relates to a displacement conversion device adapted to convert an input rotation in any direction into an output rotation in a single predetermined direction.
- This device comprises an eccentric arranged to pivot according to said input rotation, an output mobile having a driving surface (which may be cylindrical, planar, similar to a polygon, or other), and a frame carrying a game drive arms arranged to directly or indirectly drive said mobile output in said single predetermined direction, said eccentric being arranged to move in translation said frame.
- said set of driving arms comprises at least three drive arms, the ends of which are arranged to cooperate with said drive surface.
- Said frame is guided by a flexible guide comprising at least four flexible blades arranged as an X-Y table in order to confer on said frame substantially two degrees of freedom in translation along its plane and substantially no degree of freedom in rotation.
- the output mobile may be intended to be kinematically connected, for example, with a cylinder containing a mainspring, with a generator associated with an accumulator, or the like.
- said eccentric may be connected to said frame by means of at least one ball bearing, which further reduces the energy losses due to friction in the device whose performance is thus further improved.
- bound includes not only direct links (at least partially integral elements, elements from the same coin, or other), but also indirect links (elements connected by a gear train, or other ).
- said drive arm, said frame, and possibly also at least a portion of said flexible guide can be from the same room, and may possibly be in the same plane.
- the displacement conversion device comprises an eccentric arranged to pivot according to said input rotation, an output mobile, and a frame carrying a set of drive arms arranged to drive directly or indirectly said mobile output according to said single predetermined direction.
- said frame is integral in rotation with said output mobile, and said set of driving arms comprises at least three driving arms whose ends are arranged to cooperate with a driving surface (which can be cylindrical, planar, comparable to a polygon, or other).
- Said driving surface is guided by a flexible guide comprising at least four blades flexible hoses arranged as XY table to give said drive surface substantially two degrees of freedom in translation in its plane and substantially no degree of freedom in rotation, said eccentric being arranged to move in translation said drive surface.
- said eccentric may be connected to said driving surface via at least one ball bearing, which further reduces frictional energy losses present in the device whose performance is thus still improved.
- a movable element comprises said drive surface, said movable element and at least a part of said flexible guide can come from the same part, and can possibly be located in the same plane.
- said drive arms and said frame may have come from the same part, and may possibly be located in the same plane.
- the driving surface may be an inner or outer cylindrical surface.
- said flexible guide may comprise a first pair of flexible blades, parallel to each other, and a second pair of flexible blades, also parallel between them, the blades of the first pair and the blades of the second pair forming an angle different from 0 ° between each pair, said angle preferably being substantially 90 °.
- said drive arms may be evenly distributed angularly, that is to say that, for a number N of arms, the arms are distributed at the rate of one arm per 360 ° / N around a point, the angle formed by two successive arms is therefore also 360 ° / N.
- said ends of said drive arms may each have a spout or a hook, said drive surface then having a serrated toothing.
- said ends of said drive arms may each comprise a first friction surface, said drive surface then having a second friction surface.
- the device may be arranged in such a way that said first friction surface and said second friction surface can not slide relative to one another during the driving of one of said friction surfaces. by the other. In doing so, no anti-return system should be provided as the arms and surface act as a self-locking one-way drive.
- the device can be arranged such that said first friction surface and said second friction surface can slide relative to each other when driving one of said friction surfaces by the other when a critical tangential force is exceeded.
- the arms can disengage from the surface when a critical torque is reached.
- the device can provide over-spring protection for a motor-spring, and thus a slippery flange (or the like) is rendered superfluous. Therefore, the portion of the volume in a barrel that is typically occupied by the sliding flange and the final turn of the mainspring is available for the mainspring.
- the available energy can thus be increased, possibly by arranging a system preventing the mobile from rotating in the wrong direction, such as a driving surface, which may comprise a sawtooth or a friction surface, arranged to interacting with the end of a drive arm, which may comprise a spout or a friction surface, this device may be on the mobile output, on the drive member or between these two components.
- a driving surface which may comprise a sawtooth or a friction surface
- this device may be on the mobile output, on the drive member or between these two components.
- At least one of said ends of said drive arm is in contact with said drive surface at any time, since a loss of contact causes a loss of efficiency.
- Said device can be integrated with an automatic winding system to reassemble a mechanical accumulator (such as a mainspring) or an electric accumulator (such as a battery or a capacitor), the system possibly further comprising a flywheel in kinematic connection with said eccentric.
- a mechanical accumulator such as a mainspring
- an electric accumulator such as a battery or a capacitor
- this automatic winding system can be included in a portable object such as a timepiece (which can be a mechanical watch, an electronic watch, or other), a mobile phone, or other.
- a portable object such as a timepiece (which can be a mechanical watch, an electronic watch, or other), a mobile phone, or other.
- said flexible guide can be rotatably mounted around the axis of rotation of said mobile output and relative to a fixed portion of said portable object, to also allow manual winding.
- FIGS. 1a-c illustrate a first variant of a displacement conversion device 1 according to the invention, in the context of an automatic winding system 3 for a timepiece.
- Device 1 can also be applied to other products, for example portable objects that store energy in mechanical or electrical form, such as mobile phones, or the like.
- the device 1 comprises an input in the form of an eccentric 5, which is integral in rotation with a steering wheel 7 comprising a heavy sector 7a.
- This flywheel is mounted on a support (not shown) via a first ball bearing 9, whose inner ring is fixed to the support by a central screw, or by any other appropriate means.
- the eccentric may alternatively generate itself the input rotation, or may be linked to the wheel 7 by any wheel.
- the eccentric 5 takes the form of a ring mounted eccentrically on the flywheel 7 so that the axis of rotation 11 of the flywheel 7 does not coincide with the geometric center 13 of the eccentric 5. Therefore, when the steering wheel 7 rotates relative to the support, the geometric center 13 of the eccentric 5 orbits around the axis of rotation 11 of the flywheel 7.
- the flywheel 7 and the eccentric 5 can be secured to one another, which also applies for the other variants described.
- the eccentric In the opening of the eccentric 5 is fixed the outer ring of a second ball bearing 15, which links it to an opening 17a of a frame 17, via a connecting ring 19 fixed in said opening 17a, for example by driving.
- this ball bearing 15 can be omitted.
- the eccentric may comprise three holes whose centers are on a virtual circle whose center is not coincident with the axis of rotation of the eccentric. Each hole carries a pin secured to a ball bearing cooperating with the frame 17. This variant also applies to each variant described here.
- the frame 17 also comprises four drive arms 21, regularly distributed angularly around an output mobile 23, and which interact with the periphery of this mobile output which can, in the context of an automatic winding, directly constitute a ratchet wheel of a cylinder or can be kinematically connected with such a wheel via a gear wheel gear. The last of these possibilities is the most usual, but the first is not excluded.
- the mobile output 23 can be in kinematic connection with a rotor of an electric generator.
- the drive arms 21 and the flexible blades 25a, 25d are illustrated in unconstrained state; in reality, they are bent and thus constrained. These arms 21 are all coplanar with the frame 17, but this is not mandatory, and one or more of these arms may be in a different plane.
- each drive arm 21 is provided with a hook at its free end, and the periphery of the output gear 23 constitutes a cylindrical drive surface 23a comprising sawtooth toothing .
- the hooks and the teeth are arranged in known manner so that the hooks can drive the mobile 23 in a single predetermined direction of rotation, and block any pivoting of the latter in the opposite direction.
- the number of driving arms 21 can vary between three and a higher number determined by the space available inside the frame 17 and the shape of the arms 21. It should be noted that, unlike the situation in the document CH336755 mentioned above, in which one of the arms acts in traction and the other in compression, all the drive arms can work in the same direction, that is to say all in compression or all in traction.
- the drive arms 21 are elastic (more precisely, flexible) and come integrally with the frame 17, but they can alternatively be constructed as separate parts, pivoted on the frame 17 so as to similar to those in the document CH336755 mentioned above, and provided with return springs tending to keep the hooks in contact with the periphery of the mobile 23.
- they may be constituted by beams connected to the frame 17 by flexible hinges.
- the axis of rotation 27 of the mobile 23 is offset from the geometric center 13 of the eccentric 5, so that the assembly formed by the frame 17 and the flexible guide 25 (see below) is flat and thus easily machinable from a plate of material by known manufacturing techniques.
- manufacturing techniques include, but are not limited to wire machining, laser machining, subtractive manufacturing (DRIE), additive manufacturing (LIGA), etc.
- the hooks are arranged to act in traction on the output mobile 23, but it is also possible to arrange the arms 21 differently, so that they have beaks adapted to push said mobile instead of pulling.
- the frame 17 is connected to the support (not illustrated) via a flexible guide 25.
- This flexible guide 25 comprises a first pair of parallel flexible blades 25a extending from an interface element 25b. intended to be fixed to the support, to a rigid corner 25c.
- This first pair of flexible blades 25a extends along the X axis and gives a degree of freedom in translation approximately along the Y axis.
- the rigid wedge 25c is connected directly or indirectly to the frame 17 via a second a pair of flexible blades 25d, parallel to each other, which extends along the Y axis, and gives a degree of freedom in translation approximately along the X axis.
- the flexible guide 25 thus constitutes an XY table.
- This last term designates a system in which an element can be guided substantially exclusively in translation along a plane defined by the X and Y axes. It should be noted that it is not possible to eliminate completely any deformation according to the other degrees of freedom (in rotation along the X, Y and Z axes, and in translation along the Z axis), but the stiffness of the flexible guide according to these other degrees of freedom is relatively high, such as for example 5 times, 10 times or even 20 times steeper than in translation in the XY plane. In doing so, the frame 17 is suspended by the flexible guide 25, and does not rub against fixed elements to the frame, which increases the efficiency of the device.
- the blades may be partially flexible instead of completely flexible, for example by being made of flexible beams made via collars or other flexible parts.
- the flexible blades 25a, 25d have the same length (for example, the flexible blades of the pair 25a may be longer than the flexible blades of the pair 25d), or that, in a pair of flexible blades 25a, 25d, the angle formed by the straight line connecting the two recesses of the same blade and the straight line connecting the two blade recesses linked to the same other element 25b, 25c, 17 is necessarily 90 °. This also applies to all embodiments, mutatis mutandis.
- first pair of flexible blades 25a be orthogonal to the second pair; the angle between these pairs can be chosen so that the two degrees of freedom are not perpendicular. For example, one could consider an angle of between 30 ° and 90 ° between the two pairs of flexible blades 25a, 25d.
- the eccentric 5 moves the frame 17 in an orbital motion in translation, without rotation.
- the flexible guide 25 also acts as an anti-rotation system. Regardless of the direction of the tangent of the displacement, one or more of the driving arms 21 will rotate the mobile 23. Consequently, there is no path lost by the steering wheel, which makes the device particularly difficult. effective.
- the device amplifies the torque transmitted to the mobile 23, and can therefore avoid the use of a gear train for this purpose.
- FIGS 2a-c illustrate a second variant of a displacement conversion device 1 according to the invention, also in the context of an automatic winding system 3 for a part watchmaking.
- the equivalent elements bear the same reference signs as used for the Figures 1a-c .
- the eccentric 5 forming the input of the device is a stud carried by a fixed beam rotating the flywheel 7, which is pivotally connected to a support (not shown) via a first bearing to 9 ball located inside the wheel 7.
- the latter has a heavy sector 7a and the geometric center 13 of the eccentric 5 does not coincide with the axis of rotation 11 of the flywheel 7.
- This axis of rotation 11 is defined by the geometric center of the first ball bearing 9.
- the geometric axis of the stud constituting the eccentric 5 is thus slightly offset with respect to the axis of rotation of the flywheel 7, and is connected to a flexible guide 25 via a second ball bearing 15, in the inner ring of which the said stud 5 is located.
- the outer ring of this bearing 15 is fixed to a central part 25e of the flexible guide 25 by means of a connecting ring 19.
- This flexible guide 25 has its central portion 25e supported by blades 25a, 25d, 25f, 25g, and allows the central portion 25e to remain parallel to its outer frame 25h.
- the central portion 25e is connected to an outer frame 25h via a first pair 25a of parallel blades extending from the same side of the outer frame and located on either side of the central portion 25e, and a second pair 25d of blades which are orthogonal to those of the first pair 25a and which also extend from another same side of the outer frame 25h on either side of the central portion 25e.
- a third pair 25f of blades each extending parallel to a blade of the first pair 25a from the opposite side of the outer frame 25h
- a fourth pair 25g of blades each extending also parallel to a blade of the second pair 25d from the other side of said outer frame 25h.
- Each individual blade is connected to three other blades, including a parallel blade located on the other side of the central portion 25e and two orthogonal blades respectively on each side of the central portion 25e. This connection is made via connection beams 25i respective, and the set of blades and beams is arranged to form an XY table.
- this flexible guide 25 has substantially two degrees of freedom, approximately along the X and Y axes, its translational stiffness is substantially higher along the Z axis than along the X and Y axes, and its stiffness in rotation along the axes X, Y and Z is relatively high. It goes without saying that other geometries are possible to build the flexible guide 25.
- the drive arms 21 did not come from one piece with the flexible guide 25; on the other hand, they are carried by a separate frame 17, which is fixed to the central portion 25e of the flexible guide 25 via the intermediate ring 19, which passes through the opening in said central portion 25e. In doing so, the frame 17 is integral in rotation with the intermediate ring 19.
- the drive arms 21 are made flexible to their recesses in the frame 17 by collars arranged so that the connection between the arms 21 and the frame 17 is thinned to provide the desired elasticity.
- the driving arms 21 and the flexible blades 25a, 25d, 25f, 25g are illustrated in the unconstrained state; in reality, they are bent and therefore constrained, the necks of the driving arms 21 being bent. Again, the arms 21 are all coplanar with the frame 17, but this is not mandatory, and one or more arms may be in a different plane.
- a spacer 29 is positioned between the frame 17 and said central portion 25e, and around the intermediate ring 19, in order to maintain a separation perpendicular to the XY plane between these parts 17, 21, 25.
- the frame 17 directly carries the four drive arms 21, regularly distributed angularly around the frame 17, which extend outwardly. Although it is possible to provide a spout or hook at the end of each drive arm and a sawtooth toothing on the output mobile 23, in the variant illustrated, these ends are rounded and s 'support under tension against a smooth cylindrical inner drive surface 23a that includes the movable 23.
- the body of each driving arm is a substantially rigid beam, and is connected to the frame 17 by means of an elastic (more precisely flexible) portion 21a, the geometry of each driving arm 21 being chosen. so that the ends are constrained against said drive surface 23a, which has a friction surface.
- the interaction between the drive arms 21 and the output mobile 23 is therefore made by friction, and, according to the direction of rotation of the eccentric being in a position to which only one arm 21 is caused to drive the mobile output, the arm 21 the most constrained or the least constrained, acts to drive the mobile output.
- the eccentric 5 drives the central portion 25e of the flexible guide 25.
- the latter being fixed to the frame 17, one (or more) of the drive arms 21, is pressed more strongly against the inner wall cylindrical 23a of the output mobile 23, which causes the latter in the direction of the arrow.
- the ends of the drive arms 21 each comprise a first friction surface, and the wall 23a has a second friction surface.
- the output mobile 23 will be kinematically linked to the motor member so that it can be reassembled.
- FIGS. 3a-c illustrate a third variant of a device 1 according to the invention.
- the drive arms 21, which resemble those of the Figures 2a-c , as well as their frame 17 (formed as a hub), are integral in rotation with or from the same piece with a non-illustrated output wheel whose frame 17 is coaxial.
- the frame carried by the flexible guide 25 the latter directly carries a drive surface 25o, which is formed as a circular opening in a movable member 25m.
- the latter has an opening 25n in which is fixed the connecting ring 19.
- the drive arms 21 may carry hooks in a manner similar to the variant of the Figures 1a-c , the drive surface 25o then having a sawtooth teeth.
- FIGS. 4a-c further illustrate an embodiment of a displacement conversion device 1 according to the invention. This variant is based on that of Figures 3a-c , and differs from the latter with regard to the following aspects. Again, the corresponding output mobile is not shown here.
- the frame 17, in the form of a circle carries five drive arms 21, each in overall shape of triangle with rounded tops, to present the appearance of a star.
- These drive arms 21 are regularly distributed around the frame 17 and are each bonded thereto via a resilient portion 21a, in the form of a neck.
- the drive arms 21 and the flexible blades 25a, 25d are illustrated in an unstressed state, the arms 21 thus overlapping the movable member 25m; in reality, they are bent and thus constrained, the ends of the drive arms 21 being in contact with the drive surface 25o.
- the movable member 25m takes the form of a ring in this embodiment, which is bonded to the interface member 25b by a flexible guide 25 whose arrangement of the blades 25a, 25d is more compact than those described above.
- the first resilient blades 25a link the interface element 25b to a two-branch element 25c which has the same function as the rigid corner of the other variants, and extend on either side of the interface element 25b.
- the element 25c is shaped to bind said first elastic blades 25a to the second resilient blades 25d which are substantially perpendicular thereto in the idle state of the guide, the latter resilient blades 25d being joined to the movable member 25m.
- At least one of the drive arms 21 is in contact with the drive surface 23a, 25o at any time since loss of contact results in loss of efficiency.
- the arm 21 the most flexed or the arm 21 the least flexed which drives the driving surface 23a, 25o, the arms moderately flexed disengaging.
- the drive surface 23a of the output mobile 23 may be internal or external and have a sawtooth toothing or a friction surface (such as Figures 2a-c ), each drive arm 21 then having a hook or a friction surface.
- the variant of Figures 2a-c may comprise an off-center frame 17 and a movable outlet 23, and / or hook-and-hook drive arms 21 and a saw-toothed drive surface.
- Its frame 17 may be external to the arms 21, as in the variant of Figures 1a-c , and the output mobile can be external drive surface.
- drive arms 21 may be shaped in each variant so that they interact with a flat drive surface having a friction surface or sawtooth teeth (such as for example a toothing).
- mobile output 23 or movable member 25m rather than with an inner or outer cylindrical drive surface as shown in the figures.
- the support (not shown) to which the flexible guide is attached is rotatable about the axis of rotation of the output mobile and relative to a fixed element of the device to the Inside which the device 1 is arranged, a rotation of this support can cause the mobile to rotate in order to constitute a manual winding device.
- the support can be kinematically linked to a rotating bottom or a rotating bezel, or to a winding crown.
- a system preventing the exit mobile from rotating in the wrong direction, such as a driving surface, which may have a sawtooth or a friction surface, arranged to interact with the end of a drive arm, which may include a spout or a friction surface, can then be provided.
- the output mobile 23 may be kinematic not exclusively with a mechanical energy storage device such as a cylinder containing a spring, but alternately with an electric generator associated with an accumulator (such as a secondary battery). , a capacitor or the like).
- each variant can be combined in multiple ways.
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Abstract
Dispositif de conversion de déplacements (1) adapté pour convertir une rotation d'entrée selon un sens quelconque, en une rotation de sortie selon un seul sens prédéterminé, comprenant :
- un excentrique (5) agencĂ© pour Ăªtre menĂ© par ladite rotation d'entrĂ©e ;
- un mobile de sortie (23) comportant une surface d'entraînement (23a) ;
- un cadre (17) portant un jeu de bras d'entraînement (21) agencés pour entraîner ledit mobile de sortie (23) selon ledit seul sens prédéterminé, ledit excentrique (5) étant agencé pour déplacer en translation ledit cadre (17).A displacement conversion device (1) adapted to convert an input rotation in any direction to an output rotation in a single predetermined direction, comprising:
an eccentric (5) arranged to be driven by said input rotation;
- an output mobile (23) having a driving surface (23a);
- A frame (17) carrying a set of drive arms (21) arranged to drive said mobile output (23) in said only predetermined direction, said eccentric (5) being arranged to move in translation said frame (17).
Selon l'invention :
- ledit jeu de bras d'entrainement comporte au moins trois bras d'entrainement (21) dont les extrémités sont agencées pour coopérer avec ladite surface d'entraînement (23a) ; et
- ledit cadre (17) est guidé par un guidage flexible (25) comprenant au moins quatre lames flexibles (25a, 25d, 25f, 25g) agencées en tant que table X-Y afin de conférer audit cadre (17) substantiellement deux degrés de liberté en translation et substantiellement aucun degré de liberté en rotation.
According to the invention:
said set of driving arms comprises at least three driving arms (21) whose ends are arranged to cooperate with said driving surface (23a); and
said frame (17) is guided by a flexible guide (25) comprising at least four flexible blades (25a, 25d, 25f, 25g) arranged as an XY table in order to confer on said frame (17) substantially two degrees of freedom in translation and substantially no degree of freedom in rotation.
Description
La présente invention se rapporte au domaine des convertisseurs de déplacements. Plus particulièrement, elle porte sur un dispositif de conversion de déplacements qui sert à convertir une rotation selon un sens quelconque en une rotation selon un seul sens prédéterminé. Ce genre de dispositif trouve particulièrement, mais pas exclusivement, son application dans des systèmes de remontage automatique de pièces d'horlogerie.The present invention relates to the field of displacement converters. More particularly, it relates to a displacement conversion device which serves to convert a rotation in any direction into a rotation in a single predetermined direction. This type of device finds particularly, but not exclusively, its application in automatic winding timepiece systems.
Le document
Ce faisant, lorsque la masse oscillante pivote, le coulisseau est entraîné en translation par la came excentrique, et la roue à rochet est entraînée par les becs.In doing so, when the oscillating mass pivots, the slider is driven in translation by the eccentric cam, and the ratchet wheel is driven by the slats.
Cependant, si la rotation de la came excentrique est représentée par un vecteur droit dont le point d'application est le centre de la came et dont la direction est perpendiculaire à la droite reliant l'axe de rotation de la came au centre de la came, seule la composante de ce vecteur parallèle à la direction de déplacement du coulisseau est convertie en rotation de la roue à rochet, la composante perpendiculaire étant perdue. Par conséquent, l'efficacité d'un tel agencement n'est pas satisfaisante, à cause du chemin perdu de la masse oscillante.However, if the rotation of the eccentric cam is represented by a right vector whose point of application is the center of the cam and whose direction is perpendicular to the line connecting the axis of rotation of the cam to the center of the cam , only the component of this vector parallel to the direction of movement of the slider is converted into rotation of the ratchet wheel, the perpendicular component being lost. Therefore, the effectiveness of such an arrangement is not satisfactory because of the lost path of the oscillating mass.
Par ailleurs, le coulisseau frotte sur son système de guidage ainsi que sur le bĂ¢ti sur lequel il est montĂ©, ce qui est Ă©galement nĂ©faste pour son rendement.Furthermore, the slide rubs on its guide system and on the frame on which it is mounted, which is also detrimental to its performance.
Le document
Le but de la présente invention est de surmonter les inconvénients susmentionnés, et ainsi de proposer un dispositif de conversion de déplacements présentant un rendement amélioré.The object of the present invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, and thus to provide a displacement conversion device having improved performance.
De façon plus prĂ©cise, l'invention concerne un dispositif de conversion de dĂ©placements adaptĂ© pour convertir une rotation d'entrĂ©e selon un sens quelconque, en une rotation de sortie selon un seul sens prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©. Ce dispositif comprend un excentrique agencĂ© pour pivoter en fonction de ladite rotation d'entrĂ©e, un mobile de sortie comportant une surface d'entraĂ®nement (qui peut Ăªtre cylindrique, plane, assimilable Ă un polygone, ou autre), et un cadre portant un jeu de bras d'entraĂ®nement agencĂ©s pour entraĂ®ner directement ou indirectement ledit mobile de sortie selon ledit seul sens prĂ©dĂ©terminĂ©, ledit excentrique Ă©tant agencĂ© pour dĂ©placer en translation ledit cadre.More specifically, the invention relates to a displacement conversion device adapted to convert an input rotation in any direction into an output rotation in a single predetermined direction. This device comprises an eccentric arranged to pivot according to said input rotation, an output mobile having a driving surface (which may be cylindrical, planar, similar to a polygon, or other), and a frame carrying a game drive arms arranged to directly or indirectly drive said mobile output in said single predetermined direction, said eccentric being arranged to move in translation said frame.
Selon l'invention, ledit jeu de bras d'entrainement comporte au moins trois bras d'entraînement, dont les extrémités sont agencées pour coopérer avec ladite surface d'entraînement. Ledit cadre est guidé par un guidage flexible comprenant au moins quatre lames flexibles agencées en tant que table X-Y afin de conférer audit cadre substantiellement deux degrés de liberté en translation selon son plan et substantiellement aucun degré de liberté en rotation.According to the invention, said set of driving arms comprises at least three drive arms, the ends of which are arranged to cooperate with said drive surface. Said frame is guided by a flexible guide comprising at least four flexible blades arranged as an X-Y table in order to confer on said frame substantially two degrees of freedom in translation along its plane and substantially no degree of freedom in rotation.
Cet agencement assure que le mobile de sortie est entraĂ®nĂ© en rotation indĂ©pendamment de la position de l'excentrique, permettant de diminuer fortement le chemin perdu de l'excentrique, et que les pertes d'Ă©nergie dues aux frottements sont minimisĂ©es par l'utilisation d'un guidage flexible au lieu d'un guidage conventionnel puisque le cadre est suspendu et ne frotte donc pas sur des plots ou similaires. Ce faisant, le rendement du dispositif est significativement amĂ©liorĂ©. Par ailleurs, l'agencement revendiquĂ© est relativement simple Ă monter et peu encombrant. De plus, il nĂ©cessite relativement peu de pièces et permet une libertĂ© et une flexibilitĂ© de construction qui offrent de nouvelles perspectives lors du dĂ©veloppement ou de l'adaptation d'un calibre. Le mobile de sortie peut Ăªtre destinĂ© Ă Ăªtre en liaison cinĂ©matique, par exemple, avec un barillet contenant un ressort-moteur, avec une gĂ©nĂ©ratrice associĂ©e Ă un accumulateur, ou similaire.This arrangement ensures that the output mobile is rotated independently of the position of the eccentric, greatly reducing the lost path of the eccentric, and that the energy losses Due to the friction is minimized by the use of a flexible guide instead of a conventional guide since the frame is suspended and therefore does not rub on pads or the like. In doing so, the efficiency of the device is significantly improved. Furthermore, the claimed arrangement is relatively simple to assemble and compact. In addition, it requires relatively few parts and allows freedom and flexibility of construction that offer new perspectives when developing or adapting a template. The output mobile may be intended to be kinematically connected, for example, with a cylinder containing a mainspring, with a generator associated with an accumulator, or the like.
Dans une variante, ledit excentrique peut Ăªtre liĂ© audit cadre par l'intermĂ©diaire d'au moins un roulement Ă billes, ce qui rĂ©duit encore les pertes d'Ă©nergie dues aux frottements prĂ©sentes dans le dispositif dont le rendement se trouve ainsi encore amĂ©liorĂ©. Dans toute la prĂ©sente spĂ©cification, le terme « liĂ© » englobe non seulement des liaisons directes (Ă©lĂ©ments au moins partiellement solidaires, Ă©lĂ©ments venus d'une mĂªme pièce, ou autre), mais aussi des liaisons indirectes (Ă©lĂ©ments liĂ©s par un rouage, ou autre).Alternatively, said eccentric may be connected to said frame by means of at least one ball bearing, which further reduces the energy losses due to friction in the device whose performance is thus further improved. Throughout this specification, the term "bound" includes not only direct links (at least partially integral elements, elements from the same coin, or other), but also indirect links (elements connected by a gear train, or other ).
Dans une variante, lesdits bras d'entraĂ®nement, ledit cadre, et Ă©ventuellement aussi au moins une partie dudit guidage flexible peuvent Ăªtre venus d'une mĂªme pièce, et peuvent Ă©ventuellement se situer dans un mĂªme plan.Alternatively, said drive arm, said frame, and possibly also at least a portion of said flexible guide can be from the same room, and may possibly be in the same plane.
Dans une variante de construction, le dispositif de conversion de déplacements comprend un excentrique agencé pour pivoter en fonction de ladite rotation d'entrée, un mobile de sortie, et un cadre portant un jeu de bras d'entraînement agencés pour entraîner directement ou indirectement ledit mobile de sortie selon ledit seul sens prédéterminé.In a variant of construction, the displacement conversion device comprises an eccentric arranged to pivot according to said input rotation, an output mobile, and a frame carrying a set of drive arms arranged to drive directly or indirectly said mobile output according to said single predetermined direction.
Selon cette variante de construction, ledit cadre est solidaire en rotation dudit mobile de sortie, et ledit jeu de bras d'entrainement comporte au moins trois bras d'entrainement dont les extrĂ©mitĂ©s sont agencĂ©es pour coopĂ©rer avec une surface d'entraĂ®nement (qui peut Ăªtre cylindrique, plane, assimilable Ă un polygone, ou autre). Ladite surface d'entraĂ®nement est guidĂ©e par un guidage flexible comprenant au moins quatre lames flexibles agencĂ©es en tant que table X-Y afin de confĂ©rer Ă ladite surface d'entraĂ®nement substantiellement deux degrĂ©s de libertĂ© en translation selon son plan et substantiellement aucun degrĂ© de libertĂ© en rotation, ledit excentrique Ă©tant agencĂ© pour dĂ©placer en translation ladite surface d'entraĂ®nement.According to this variant of construction, said frame is integral in rotation with said output mobile, and said set of driving arms comprises at least three driving arms whose ends are arranged to cooperate with a driving surface (which can be cylindrical, planar, comparable to a polygon, or other). Said driving surface is guided by a flexible guide comprising at least four blades flexible hoses arranged as XY table to give said drive surface substantially two degrees of freedom in translation in its plane and substantially no degree of freedom in rotation, said eccentric being arranged to move in translation said drive surface.
Dans cette variante, les positions dudit cadre portant ledit jeu de bras d'entraînement et de ladite surface d'entraînement ont été inversées par rapport à la première variante, sans influence sur le fonctionnement global du dispositif, ni sur les avantages susmentionnés.In this variant, the positions of said frame carrying said set of drive arms and said drive surface have been reversed with respect to the first variant, without affecting the overall operation of the device, or the aforementioned advantages.
Dans une variante, ledit excentrique peut Ăªtre liĂ© Ă ladite surface d'entraĂ®nement par l'intermĂ©diaire d'au moins un roulement Ă billes, ce qui rĂ©duit encore les pertes d'Ă©nergie par frottements prĂ©sentes dans le dispositif dont le rendement se trouve ainsi encore amĂ©liorĂ©.Alternatively, said eccentric may be connected to said driving surface via at least one ball bearing, which further reduces frictional energy losses present in the device whose performance is thus still improved.
Dans une variante, un Ă©lĂ©ment mobile comporte ladite surface d'entraĂ®nement, ledit Ă©lĂ©ment mobile et au moins une partie dudit guidage flexible peuvent Ăªtre venus d'une mĂªme pièce, et peuvent Ă©ventuellement se situer dans un mĂªme plan.In a variant, a movable element comprises said drive surface, said movable element and at least a part of said flexible guide can come from the same part, and can possibly be located in the same plane.
Dans une variante, lesdits bras d'entraĂ®nement et ledit cadre peuvent Ăªtre venus d'une mĂªme pièce, et peuvent Ă©ventuellement se situer dans un mĂªme plan.In a variant, said drive arms and said frame may have come from the same part, and may possibly be located in the same plane.
Dans chacune des variantes susmentionnĂ©es, la surface d'entraĂ®nement peut Ăªtre une surface cylindrique intĂ©rieure ou extĂ©rieure.In each of the above variants, the driving surface may be an inner or outer cylindrical surface.
Dans chacune des variantes susmentionnées, ledit guidage flexible peut comporter une première paire de lames flexibles, parallèles entres elles, ainsi qu'une deuxième paire de lames flexibles, également parallèles entres elles, les lames de la première paire et les lames de la deuxième paire formant un angle différent de 0° entre chaque paire, ledit angle étant de préférence substantiellement de 90°.In each of the aforementioned variants, said flexible guide may comprise a first pair of flexible blades, parallel to each other, and a second pair of flexible blades, also parallel between them, the blades of the first pair and the blades of the second pair forming an angle different from 0 ° between each pair, said angle preferably being substantially 90 °.
Dans chacune des variantes susmentionnĂ©es, lesdits bras d'entraĂ®nement peuvent Ăªtre rĂ©gulièrement rĂ©partis angulairement, c'est-Ă -dire que, pour un nombre N de bras, les bras sont distribuĂ©s Ă raison d'un bras par 360°/N autour d'un point, l'angle formĂ© par deux bras successifs Ă©tant donc Ă©galement de 360°/N.In each of the aforementioned variants, said drive arms may be evenly distributed angularly, that is to say that, for a number N of arms, the arms are distributed at the rate of one arm per 360 ° / N around a point, the angle formed by two successive arms is therefore also 360 ° / N.
Dans une variante, lesdites extrémités desdits bras d'entraînement peuvent comporter chacune un bec ou un crochet, ladite surface d'entraînement comportant alors une denture en dents de scie.Alternatively, said ends of said drive arms may each have a spout or a hook, said drive surface then having a serrated toothing.
Dans une variante alternative, lesdites extrémités desdits bras d'entraînement peuvent comporter chacune une première surface de friction, ladite surface d'entraînement comportant alors une deuxième surface de friction.In an alternative embodiment, said ends of said drive arms may each comprise a first friction surface, said drive surface then having a second friction surface.
Dans une variante, le dispositif peut Ăªtre agencĂ© de telle sorte que ladite première surface de friction et ladite deuxième surface de friction ne peuvent pas glisser l'une par rapport Ă l'autre lors de l'entrainement de l'une desdites surfaces de friction par l'autre. Ce faisant, aucun système anti-retour ne doit pas Ăªtre prĂ©vu, puisque les bras et la surface agissent en tant qu'entraĂ®nement unidirectionnel autobloquant.In a variant, the device may be arranged in such a way that said first friction surface and said second friction surface can not slide relative to one another during the driving of one of said friction surfaces. by the other. In doing so, no anti-return system should be provided as the arms and surface act as a self-locking one-way drive.
Alternativement, le dispositif peut Ăªtre agencĂ© de telle sorte que ladite première surface de friction et ladite deuxième surface de friction peuvent glisser l'une par rapport Ă l'autre lors de l'entraĂ®nement de l'une desdites surfaces de friction par l'autre lorsqu'une force tangentielle critique est excĂ©dĂ©e. Ici, les bras peuvent dĂ©brayer de la surface lorsqu'un couple critique est atteint. Ce faisant, le dispositif peut fournir une protection contre le surarmage d'un ressort-moteur, et donc une bride glissante (ou similaire) est rendue superflue. Par consĂ©quent, la partie du volume dans un barillet qui est typiquement occupĂ©e par la bride glissante et la dernière spire du ressort-moteur est disponible pour le ressort-moteur. L'Ă©nergie disponible peut ainsi Ăªtre augmentĂ©e, en arrangeant Ă©ventuellement un système empĂªchant que le mobile de sortie tourne dans le mauvais sens, tel qu'une surface d'entrainement, qui peut comporter une denture en scie ou une surface de friction, agencĂ©e pour interagir avec l'extrĂ©mitĂ© d'un bras d'entrainement, qui peut comporter un bec ou une surface de friction, ce dispositif pouvant se trouver sur le mobile de sortie, sur l'organe moteur ou entre ces deux composants.Alternatively, the device can be arranged such that said first friction surface and said second friction surface can slide relative to each other when driving one of said friction surfaces by the other when a critical tangential force is exceeded. Here, the arms can disengage from the surface when a critical torque is reached. In doing so, the device can provide over-spring protection for a motor-spring, and thus a slippery flange (or the like) is rendered superfluous. Therefore, the portion of the volume in a barrel that is typically occupied by the sliding flange and the final turn of the mainspring is available for the mainspring. The available energy can thus be increased, possibly by arranging a system preventing the mobile from rotating in the wrong direction, such as a driving surface, which may comprise a sawtooth or a friction surface, arranged to interacting with the end of a drive arm, which may comprise a spout or a friction surface, this device may be on the mobile output, on the drive member or between these two components.
Avantageusement, au moins une desdites extrémités desdits bras d'entraînement est en contact avec ladite surface d'entrainement à tout moment, puisqu'une perte de contact engendre une perte de rendement.Advantageously, at least one of said ends of said drive arm is in contact with said drive surface at any time, since a loss of contact causes a loss of efficiency.
Ledit dispositif peut Ăªtre intĂ©grĂ© Ă un système de remontage automatique pour remonter un accumulateur mĂ©canique (tel qu'un ressort-moteur) ou Ă©lectrique (tel qu'une batterie ou un condensateur), le système pouvant comporter en outre un volant en liaison cinĂ©matique avec ledit excentrique.Said device can be integrated with an automatic winding system to reassemble a mechanical accumulator (such as a mainspring) or an electric accumulator (such as a battery or a capacitor), the system possibly further comprising a flywheel in kinematic connection with said eccentric.
Finalement, ce système de remontage automatique peut Ăªtre compris dans un objet portable tel qu'une pièce d'horlogerie (qui peut Ăªtre une montre mĂ©canique, une montre Ă©lectronique, ou autre), un tĂ©lĂ©phone portable, ou autre. Dans ce cas, ledit guidage flexible peut Ăªtre montĂ© mobile en rotation autour de l'axe de rotation dudit mobile de sortie et par rapport Ă une partie fixe dudit objet portable, afin de permettre Ă©galement un remontage manuel. On pourrait envisager, par exemple, de lier le guidage cinĂ©matiquement Ă un fond tournant, Ă une lunette tournante, ou Ă une couronne de remontage.Finally, this automatic winding system can be included in a portable object such as a timepiece (which can be a mechanical watch, an electronic watch, or other), a mobile phone, or other. In this case, said flexible guide can be rotatably mounted around the axis of rotation of said mobile output and relative to a fixed portion of said portable object, to also allow manual winding. One could consider, for example, to bind the guide kinematically to a rotating bottom, a rotating bezel, or a winding crown.
D'autres détails de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit, faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :
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Fig. 1a - 1c sont diverses vues schématiques d'une première variante d'un dispositif de conversion de déplacements selon l'invention ; -
Fig. 2a - 2c sont diverses vues schématiques d'une deuxième variante d'un dispositif de conversion de déplacements selon l'invention ; -
Fig. 3a - 3c sont diverses vues schématiques d'une troisième variante d'un dispositif de conversion de déplacements selon l'invention ; et -
Fig. 4a - 4c sont diverses vues schématiques d'une quatrième variante d'un dispositif de conversion de déplacements selon l'invention.
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Fig. 1a - 1c are various schematic views of a first variant of a displacement conversion device according to the invention; -
Fig. 2a - 2c are various schematic views of a second variant of a displacement conversion device according to the invention; -
Fig. 3a - 3c are various schematic views of a third variant of a displacement conversion device according to the invention; and -
Fig. 4a - 4c are various schematic views of a fourth variant of a displacement conversion device according to the invention.
Les
Le dispositif 1 comporte une entrĂ©e prenant la forme d'un excentrique 5, qui est solidaire en rotation d'un volant 7 comprenant un secteur lourd 7a. Ce volant est montĂ© sur un support (non illustrĂ©) par l'intermĂ©diaire d'un premier roulement Ă billes 9, dont l'anneau interne est fixĂ© au support par une vis centrale, ou par n'importe quel autre moyen appropriĂ©. L'excentrique peut alternativement gĂ©nĂ©rer lui-mĂªme la rotation d'entrĂ©e, ou peut Ăªtre liĂ© au volant 7 par un rouage quelconque.The
L'excentrique 5 prend la forme d'une bague montĂ©e excentriquement sur le volant 7 de telle sorte que l'axe de rotation 11 du volant 7 ne coĂ¯ncide pas avec le centre gĂ©omĂ©trique 13 de l'excentrique 5. Par consĂ©quent, lorsque le volant 7 pivote par rapport au support, le centre gĂ©omĂ©trique 13 de l'excentrique 5 orbite autour de l'axe de rotation 11 du volant 7. Le volant 7 et l'excentrique 5 peuvent Ăªtre solidaires l'un de l'autre, ce qui s'applique Ă©galement pour les autres variantes dĂ©crites.The eccentric 5 takes the form of a ring mounted eccentrically on the
Dans l'ouverture de l'excentrique 5 est fixĂ© l'anneau extĂ©rieur d'un deuxième roulement Ă billes 15, qui le lie Ă une ouverture 17a d'un cadre 17, par l'intermĂ©diaire d'une bague de liaison 19 fixĂ©e dans ladite ouverture 17a, par exemple par chassage. Alternativement, ce roulement Ă billes 15 peut Ăªtre omis. Dans une variante alternative non illustrĂ©e, l'excentrique peut comporter trois trous dont les centres se trouvent sur un cercle virtuel dont le centre n'est pas coĂ¯ncidant avec l'axe de rotation de l'excentrique. Chaque trou porte une goupille solidaire d'un roulement Ă billes coopĂ©rant avec le cadre 17. Cette variante d'applique Ă©galement Ă chaque variante dĂ©crite ici.In the opening of the eccentric 5 is fixed the outer ring of a second ball bearing 15, which links it to an
Le cadre 17 comporte Ă©galement quatre bras d'entraĂ®nement 21, rĂ©gulièrement repartis angulairement autour d'un mobile de sortie 23, et qui interagissent avec le pourtour de ce mobile de sortie qui peut, dans le contexte d'un remontoir automatique, constituer directement une roue Ă rochet d'un barillet ou peut Ăªtre en liaison cinĂ©matique avec une telle roue par l'intermĂ©diaire d'un rouage dĂ©multiplicateur. La dernière de ces possibilitĂ©s est la plus habituelle, mais la première n'est pas Ă exclure. Alternativement, le mobile de sortie 23 peut Ăªtre en liaison cinĂ©matique avec un rotor d'un gĂ©nĂ©rateur Ă©lectrique. Pour information, les bras d'entraĂ®nement 21 et les lames flexibles 25a, 25d (voir ci-dessous), sont illustrĂ©s en Ă©tat non contraint ; en rĂ©alitĂ©, ils sont flĂ©chis et donc contraints. Ces bras 21 sont tous coplanaires avec le cadre 17, mais ceci n'est pas obligatoire, et l'un ou plusieurs de ces bras peuvent se trouver dans un plan diffĂ©rent.The
Afin d'entraîner le mobile de sortie 23, chaque bras d'entraînement 21 est muni d'un crochet à son extrémité libre, et le pourtour du mobile de sortie 23 constitue une surface d'entraînement cylindrique 23a comprenant une denture en dents de scie. Les crochets et la denture sont agencés de manière connue afin que les crochets puissent entraîner le mobile 23 selon un seul sens de rotation prédéterminé, et bloquent tout pivotement de ce dernier dans le sens opposé. Le nombre de bras d'entraînement 21 peut varier entre trois et un nombre plus élevé déterminé par la place disponible à l'intérieur du cadre 17 et la forme des bras 21. Il faut noter que, contrairement à la situation dans le document
Dans la variante illustrĂ©e, les bras d'entraĂ®nement 21 sont Ă©lastiques (plus prĂ©cisĂ©ment, flexibles) et venus d'une seule pièce avec le cadre 17, mais ils peuvent alternativement Ăªtre construits en tant que pièces distinctes, pivotĂ©s sur le cadre 17 de manière semblable Ă ceux du document
Dans la variante illustrée, l'axe de rotation 27 du mobile 23 est décalé du centre géométrique 13 de l'excentrique 5, afin que l'ensemble formé par le cadre 17 et le guidage flexible 25 (voir ci-dessous) soit plat et donc usinable aisément à partir d'une plaque de matériau par des techniques de fabrication connues. Cependant, il est également possible de situer le mobile 23 dans un autre plan, par exemple en dessous de l'ouverture 17a, ce qui implique une construction multi-niveau de l'ensemble 17, 25. De telles techniques de fabrication englobent, mais ne se limitent pas à , l'usinage au fil, l'usinage au laser, la fabrication soustractive (DRIE), la fabrication additive (LIGA), etc.In the variant shown, the axis of
Comme illustré, les crochets sont agencés pour agir en traction sur le mobile de sortie 23, mais il est également possible d'agencer les bras 21 autrement, afin qu'ils comportent des becs adaptés pour pousser ledit mobile au lieu de le tirer.As illustrated, the hooks are arranged to act in traction on the output mobile 23, but it is also possible to arrange the
Le cadre 17 est liĂ© au support (non illustrĂ©) par l'intermĂ©diaire d'un guidage flexible 25. Ce guidage flexible 25 comporte une première paire de lames flexibles 25a, parallèles entre elles, qui s'Ă©tendent depuis un Ă©lĂ©ment d'interface 25b destinĂ© Ă Ăªtre fixĂ© au support, jusqu'Ă un coin rigide 25c. Cette première paire de lames flexibles 25a s'Ă©tend selon l'axe X et confère un degrĂ© de libertĂ© en translation approximativement selon l'axe Y. Le coin rigide 25c est liĂ© directement ou indirectement au cadre 17 par l'intermĂ©diaire d'une deuxième paire de lames flexibles 25d, parallèles entre elles, qui s'Ă©tend selon l'axe Y, et confère un degrĂ© de libertĂ© en translation approximativement selon l'axe X. Le guidage flexible 25 constitue ainsi une table X-Y. Ce dernier terme dĂ©signe un système dans lequel un Ă©lĂ©ment peut Ăªtre guidĂ© substantiellement exclusivement en translation selon un plan dĂ©fini par les axes X et Y. Il faut noter qu'il n'est pas possible d'Ă©liminer complètement toute dĂ©formation selon les autres degrĂ©s de libertĂ© (en rotation selon les axes X, Y et Z, ainsi qu'en translation selon l'axe Z), mais la raideur du guidage flexible selon ces autres degrĂ©s de libertĂ© est relativement Ă©levĂ©e, comme par exemple 5 fois, 10 fois ou mĂªme 20 fois plus raide qu'en translation dans le plan XY. Ce faisant, le cadre 17 est suspendu par le guidage flexible 25, et ne frotte pas contre des Ă©lĂ©ments fixes au bĂ¢ti, ce qui augmente le rendement du dispositif.The
Alternativement, les lames peuvent Ăªtre partiellement flexibles au lieu de complètement flexibles, par exemple en Ă©tant constituĂ©es de poutres rendues flexibles par l'intermĂ©diaire de cols ou d'autres parties flexibles. Par ailleurs, il n'est pas obligatoire que les lames flexibles 25a, 25d aient la mĂªme longueur (par exemple, les lames flexibles de la paire 25a peuvent Ăªtre plus longues que les lames flexibles de la paire 25d), ni que, dans une paire de lames flexibles 25a, 25d, l'angle formĂ© par la droite reliant les deux encastrements d'une mĂªme lame et la droite reliant les deux encastrements de lames liĂ©s au mĂªme autre Ă©lĂ©ment 25b, 25c, 17 soit forcĂ©ment de 90°. Ceci s'applique Ă©galement Ă tous les modes de rĂ©alisation, mutatis mutandis. Alternatively, the blades may be partially flexible instead of completely flexible, for example by being made of flexible beams made via collars or other flexible parts. On the other hand, it is not required that the
Bien qu'un tel agencement de lames soit particulièrement efficace, il n'est pas obligatoire que la première paire de lames flexibles 25a soit orthogonale Ă la deuxième ; l'angle entre ces paires peut Ăªtre choisi de telle sorte que les deux degrĂ©s de libertĂ© ne soient pas perpendiculaires. Par exemple, on pourrait envisager un angle compris entre 30° et 90° entre les deux paires de lames flexibles 25a, 25d.Although such a blade arrangement is particularly effective, it is not required that the first pair of
GrĂ¢ce Ă cette construction, lorsque le volant 7 pivote, l'excentrique 5 dĂ©place le cadre 17 selon un mouvement orbital en translation, sans rotation. En d'autres mots, le guidage flexible 25 agit Ă©galement en tant que système anti-rotation. IndĂ©pendamment de la direction de la tangente du dĂ©placement, l'un ou plusieurs des bras d'entraĂ®nement 21 entraĂ®nera en rotation le mobile 23. Par consĂ©quent, il n'y a pas de chemin perdu par le volant, ce qui rend le dispositif particulièrement efficace. Par ailleurs, puisque les dĂ©placements du cadre 17 sont petits, le dispositif amplifie le couple transmis au mobile 23, et peut donc permettre d'Ă©viter l'utilisation d'un rouage Ă cet effet.With this construction, when the
Il va sans dire que les divers éléments du guidage flexible 25, le cadre 17, et les bras 21 peuvent se trouver sur des niveaux différents, sans influence sur le fonctionnement du dispositif 1.It goes without saying that the various elements of the
Les
Dans cette variante, l'excentrique 5 formant l'entrĂ©e du dispositif est un plot portĂ© par une poutre solidaire en rotation du volant 7, qui est liĂ© en pivotement Ă un support (non illustrĂ©) par l'intermĂ©diaire d'un premier roulement Ă billes 9 situĂ© Ă l'intĂ©rieur du volant 7. Ă€ nouveau, ce dernier comporte un secteur lourd 7a et le centre gĂ©omĂ©trique 13 de l'excentrique 5 ne coĂ¯ncide pas avec l'axe de rotation 11 du volant 7. Cet axe de rotation 11 est dĂ©fini par le centre gĂ©omĂ©trique du premier roulement Ă billes 9.In this variant, the eccentric 5 forming the input of the device is a stud carried by a fixed beam rotating the
L'axe géométrique du plot constituant l'excentrique 5 est donc légèrement décalé par rapport à l'axe de rotation du volant 7, et est lié à un guidage flexible 25 par l'intermédiaire d'un deuxième roulement à billes 15, dans l'anneau intérieur duquel prend place ledit plot 5. L'anneau extérieur de ce roulement 15 est fixé à une partie centrale 25e du guidage flexible 25 par l'intermédiaire d'une bague de liaison 19.The geometric axis of the stud constituting the eccentric 5 is thus slightly offset with respect to the axis of rotation of the
Ce guidage flexible 25 a sa partie centrale 25e soutenue par des lames 25a, 25d, 25f, 25g, et permet Ă la partie centrale 25e de rester parallèle Ă son cadre extĂ©rieur 25h. Ă€ cet effet, la partie centrale 25e est liĂ©e Ă un cadre extĂ©rieur 25h par l'intermĂ©diaire d'une première paire 25a de lames parallèles s'Ă©tendant depuis le mĂªme cĂ´tĂ© du cadre extĂ©rieure et situĂ©es de part et d'autre de la partie centrale 25e, et d'une deuxième paire 25d de lames qui sont orthogonales Ă celles de la première paire 25a et qui s'Ă©tendent Ă©galement depuis un autre mĂªme cĂ´tĂ© du cadre extĂ©rieure 25h de part et d'autre de la partie centrale 25e. Ă€ ces paires de lames s'ajoutent une troisième paire 25f de lames, chacune s'Ă©tendant parallèlement Ă une lame de la première paire 25a depuis le cĂ´tĂ© opposĂ© du cadre extĂ©rieure 25h, et par une quatrième paire 25g de lames, chacune s'Ă©tendant Ă©galement parallèlement Ă une lame de la deuxième paire 25d depuis l'autre cĂ´tĂ© dudit cadre extĂ©rieure 25h. Chaque lame individuelle est liĂ©e Ă trois autres lames, notamment Ă une lame parallèle se situant sur l'autre cĂ´tĂ© de la partie centrale 25e ainsi qu'Ă deux lames orthogonales situĂ©es respectivement sur chaque cĂ´tĂ© de la partie centrale 25e. Cette liaison se fait par l'intermĂ©diaire de poutres de connexion 25i respectives, et l'ensemble de lames et de poutres est agencĂ© afin de former une table X-Y. Comme c'est le cas pour la variante des
Cette fois, les bras d'entraînement 21 ne sont pas venus d'une pièce avec le guidage flexible 25 ; par contre, ils sont portés par un cadre 17 séparé, qui est fixé à la partie centrale 25e du guidage flexible 25 par l'intermédiaire de la bague intermédiaire 19, qui traverse l'ouverture dans ladite partie centrale 25e. Ce faisant, le cadre 17 est solidaire en rotation avec la bague intermédiaire 19. Les bras d'entraînement 21 sont rendus flexibles à leurs encastrements au cadre 17 par des cols agencés de telle sorte que la liaison entre les bras 21 et le cadre 17 est amincie afin de fournir l'élasticité désirée. Pour information, les bras d'entraînement 21 et les lames flexibles 25a, 25d, 25f, 25g sont illustrés en état non contraint ; en réalité, ils sont fléchis et donc contraints, les cols des bras d'entraînement 21 étant fléchis. À nouveau, les bras 21 sont tous coplanaires avec le cadre 17, mais ceci n'est pas obligatoire, et l'un ou plusieurs bras peuvent se trouver dans un plan différent.This time, the
Afin d'assurer que le cadre 17 et les bras d'entraînement 21 ne frottent pas contre le guidage flexible 25, une entretoise 29 est positionnée entre le cadre 17 et ladite partie centrale 25e, et autour de la bague intermédiaire 19, afin de maintenir une séparation perpendiculaire au plan XY entre ces parties 17, 21, 25.In order to ensure that the
Le cadre 17 porte directement les quatre bras d'entraînement 21, régulièrement repartis angulairement autour du cadre 17, qui s'étendent vers l'extérieur. Bien qu'il soit possible de prévoir un bec ou un crochet à l'extrémité de chaque bras d'entraînement ainsi qu'une denture en dents de scie sur le mobile de sortie 23, dans la variante illustrée, ces extrémités sont arrondies et s'appuient sous tension contre une surface d'entraînement intérieure cylindrique 23a lisse que comprend le mobile de sortie 23. Le corps de chaque bras d'entraînement est une poutre substantiellement rigide, et est lié au cadre 17 par l'intermédiaire d'une partie élastique (plus précisément flexible) 21a, la géométrie de chaque bras d'entrainement 21 étant choisie pour que les extrémités soient contraintes contre ladite surface d'entraînement 23a, qui comporte une surface de friction.The
L'interaction entre les bras d'entraînement 21 et le mobile de sortie 23 s'effectue par conséquent par frottements, et, selon le sens de rotation de l'excentrique se trouvant dans une position à laquelle un seul bras 21 est amené à entrainer le mobile de sortie, soit le bras 21 le plus contraint, soit celui le moins contraint, agit pour entraîner le mobile de sortie.The interaction between the
Lorsque le volant 7 tourne, l'excentrique 5 entraîne la partie centrale 25e du guidage flexible 25. Cette dernière étant fixée au cadre 17, l'un (ou plusieurs) des bras d'entraînement 21, est pressé plus fortement contre la paroi intérieure cylindrique 23a du mobile de sortie 23, ce qui entraîne ce dernier selon le sens de la flèche. De cette façon, les extrémités des bras d'entraînement 21 comportent chacune une première surface de friction, et la paroi 23a comporte une deuxième surface de friction.When the
Dans le cas de l'intégration du dispositif de conversion de déplacements 1 dans un remontoir automatique 3, le mobile de sortie 23 sera lié cinématiquement à l'organe moteur de sorte à pouvoir le remonter.In the case of the integration of the
L'utilisation d'un agencement agissant par frottements présente plusieurs avantages par rapport à des crochets et une denture :
- Il n'y a pas de seuil de dĂ©placement dĂ©pendant du pas de la denture qui doit Ăªtre franchi pour entraĂ®ner le
mobile de sortie 23, et, par consĂ©quent, mĂªme des petits dĂ©placements de l'entrĂ©e 5 engendrent un entraĂ®nement dumobile de sortie 23. Le dispositif fonctionne alors de manière continue plutĂ´t que discrète, ce qui permet d'augmenter son rendement. - Puisque ce seuil est supprimĂ©, l'excentricitĂ© de l'entrĂ©e 5 peut Ăªtre rĂ©duite par rapport Ă la variante des
figures 1a-c , parce qu'il n'y a pas de dĂ©placement minimal Ă franchir pour les extrĂ©mitĂ©s desbras 21 avant que le mobile de sortie 23 soit entraĂ®nĂ©. En effet,le cadre 17 peut subir un dĂ©placement plus petit sous l'effet d'une force plus grande. Ce faisant, il est possible de supprimer tout rouage dĂ©multiplicateur, car le couple fourni au mobile de sortie peut Ăªtre suffisant pour remonter directement un ressort-moteur. - Dans le cas oĂ¹ le mobile de sortie 23 ne peut plus tourner utilement, par exemple dans le cas oĂ¹ le ressort-moteur est remontĂ© Ă fond, l'agencement du dispositif, dont le coefficient de frottements entre les surfaces de friction, peut Ăªtre choisi de telle sorte que le ou les bras d'entraĂ®nement 21 qui embraient avec la
surface d'entrainement 23a du mobile de sortie puissent dĂ©brayer de cette surface d'entraĂ®nement lorsqu'une force critique tangentielle Ă l'interface est excĂ©dĂ©e. Ce faisant, tout dispositif de protection servant Ă empĂªcher que le ressort moteur soit remontĂ© excessivement et puisse engendrer la rupture d'une ou plusieurs pièces, tel qu'une bride glissante, une liaison Ă limitation de couple, etc., peut Ăªtre omis, le volume intĂ©rieur utile d'un l'organe moteur donnĂ© Ă©tant ainsi accru, la quantitĂ© d'Ă©nergie disponible est augmentĂ©e. Cependant, dans une telle configuration, lorsque tous les bras d'entraĂ®nement 21 dĂ©brayent, il n'y a rien qui empĂªche que le ressort-moteur entraĂ®ne le mobile de sortie 23 dans le mauvais sens au moins pour des couples supĂ©rieurs Ă un couple critique. Par consĂ©quent, afin d'empĂªcher une telle rotation, un système peut Ăªtre prĂ©vu, tel qu'une surface d'entrainement, qui peut comporter une denture en dents de scie ou une surface de friction, agencĂ©e pour interagir avec l'extrĂ©mitĂ© d'un bras d'entrainement, qui peut comporter un bec ou une surface de friction, ce dispositif pouvant se trouver sur le mobile de sortie, sur l'organe moteur ou entre ces deux composants. Par exemple, on pourrait prĂ©voir un tel agencement entre le mobile de sortie 23 et un Ă©lĂ©ment de support. - Le travail du constructeur est simplifiĂ© parce qu'il n'est plus nĂ©cessaire de dĂ©finir des formes pour la denture et les crochets ou becs associĂ©s qui reprĂ©sentent un compromis en ce qui concerne le rendement, la sĂ©curitĂ©, l'encombrement, etc. Par ailleurs, la libertĂ© de construction est amĂ©liorĂ©e au niveau de la forme des
bras 21, qui peuvent ainsi prendre plus aisément des formes diverses selon le choix du designer.
- There is no threshold of displacement depending on the pitch of the toothing that must be crossed to drive the output mobile 23, and therefore even small displacements of the
input 5 generate a drive of themobile output 23 The device then operates continuously rather than discretely, which increases its efficiency. - Since this threshold is suppressed, the eccentricity of the
input 5 can be reduced compared to the variant of theFigures 1a-c , because there is no minimal movement to cross for the ends of thearms 21 before themobile output 23 is driven. Indeed, theframe 17 can undergo a smaller displacement under the effect of a larger force. In doing so, it is possible to remove all gear reducer because the torque provided the output mobile can be enough to directly raise a mainspring. - In the case where the
mobile output 23 can no longer rotate usefully, for example in the case where the mainspring is raised completely, the arrangement of the device, whose coefficient of friction between the friction surfaces, can be selected such that the drive arm (s) 21 which engage with thedrive surface 23a of the output can disengage from the drive surface when a critical force tangential to the interface is exceeded. In doing so, any protective device used to prevent the mainspring from being raised excessively and capable of causing the breaking of one or more parts, such as a sliding flange, a torque limiting connection, etc., may be omitted, the useful internal volume of a given motor organ is thus increased, the amount of available energy is increased. However, in such a configuration, when all thedrive arms 21 disengage, there is nothing that prevents the mainspring from driving the output mobile 23 in the wrong direction at least for torques greater than a critical torque . Therefore, in order to prevent such rotation, a system may be provided, such as a driving surface, which may have a sawtooth or friction surface, arranged to interact with the end of the system. a drive arm, which may comprise a spout or a friction surface, this device may be on the output mobile, on the drive member or between these two components. For example, one could provide such an arrangement between themobile output 23 and a support member. - The work of the constructor is simplified because it is no longer necessary to define shapes for the teeth and the hooks or nozzles associated with them which represent a compromise as regards efficiency, safety, bulk, etc. Furthermore, the freedom of construction is improved in the form of the
arms 21, which can thus more easily take various forms according to the designer's choice.
Il va sans dire que les mĂªmes commentaires portant sur la forme de l'excentrique 5, et la disposition de divers Ă©lĂ©ments dans des plans diffĂ©rents Ă©mise dans le cadre du mode de rĂ©alisation des
Les
Cette variante se base sur celle des
Dans cette variante, les bras d'entraînement 21, qui ressemblent à ceux des
Par consĂ©quent, lorsque l'excentrique 5 tourne, la surface d'entraĂ®nement 25o effectue une translation orbitale, guidĂ©e par le guidage flexible 25. Cette translation agit par la suite sur les bras d'entraĂ®nement 21, contraignant ainsi au moins l'un de ces derniers et exerçant une force qui sert Ă entraĂ®ner le cadre 17 en rotation et Ă pivoter ainsi le mobile de sortie (non illustrĂ©), de la mĂªme façon que dans la variante des
Alternativement, les bras d'entraînement 21 peuvent porter des crochets d'une manière semblable à la variante des
Par ailleurs, le mĂªme principe peut Ăªtre utilisĂ© pour crĂ©er une variante du mode de rĂ©alisation des
Ă€ nouveau, il va sans dire que les mĂªmes commentaires portant sur la forme de l'excentrique 5, et la disposition de divers Ă©lĂ©ments dans des plans diffĂ©rents Ă©mise dans le mode de rĂ©alisation des
Les
En premier lieu, le cadre 17, en forme globale de cercle, porte cinq bras d'entraînement 21, chacun en forme globale de triangle à sommets arrondis, afin de présenter l'apparence d'une étoile. Ces bras d'entraînement 21 sont régulièrement repartis autour du cadre 17 et y sont liés chacun par l'intermédiaire d'une partie élastique 21a, en forme de col. À nouveau, les bras d'entraînement 21 et les lames flexibles 25a, 25d, sont illustrés en état non contraint, les bras 21 chevauchant par conséquent l'élément mobile 25m ; en réalité, ils sont fléchis et donc contraints, les extrémités des bras d'entraînement 21 étant en contact avec la surface d'entraînement 25o. L'élément mobile 25m prend la forme d'une bague dans cette réalisation, qui est liée à l'élément d'interface 25b par un guidage flexible 25 dont l'agencement des lames 25a, 25d est plus compact que ceux décrits précédemment.First, the
Dans cette variante, les premières lames Ă©lastiques 25a lient l'Ă©lĂ©ment d'interface 25b Ă un Ă©lĂ©ment Ă deux branches 25c qui a la mĂªme fonction que le coin rigide des autres variantes, et s'Ă©tendent de part et d'autre de l'Ă©lĂ©ment d'interface 25b. L'Ă©lĂ©ment 25c est conformĂ© pour lier lesdites premières lames Ă©lastiques 25a aux deuxièmes lames Ă©lastiques 25d qui y sont substantiellement perpendiculaires dans l'Ă©tat de repos du guidage, ces derniers lames Ă©lastiques 25d Ă©tant jointes Ă l'Ă©lĂ©ment mobile 25m.In this variant, the first
Autrement, cette variante fonctionne de la mĂªme façon que celle des
Dans tous les modes de réalisation, au moins l'un des bras d'entrainement 21 est en contact avec la surface d'entraînement 23a, 25o à tout moment puisqu'une perte de contact engendre une perte de rendement. Dans une variante à quatre bras d'entraînement régulièrement répartis angulairement, à une position de l'excentrique pour laquelle un seul bras d'entrainement 21 entraine la surface d'entrainement 23a, 250, c'est, selon le sens de rotation de l'excentrique, le bras 21 le plus fléchi ou le bras 21 le moins fléchi qui entraîne la surface d'entrainement 23a, 25o, les bras moyennement fléchis débrayant.In all embodiments, at least one of the
Diverses autres variantes du dispositif 1 selon l'invention sont envisageables. Par exemple, dans la variante des
Encore alternativement, la variante des
Par ailleurs, les bras d'entraĂ®nement 21 peuvent Ăªtre conformĂ©s dans chaque variante de telle sorte qu'ils interagissent avec une surface d'entrainement plane comportant une surface de friction ou une denture en dents de scie (comme par exemple une denture de chant) du mobile de sortie 23 ou de l'Ă©lĂ©ment mobile 25m, plutĂ´t qu'avec une surface d'entrainement cylindrique intĂ©rieure ou extĂ©rieure comme illustrĂ©e dans les figures.Moreover, the
Dans tous les modes de rĂ©alisation susmentionnĂ©s, si le support (non illustrĂ©) auquel est fixĂ© le guidage flexible est mobile en rotation autour de l'axe de rotation du mobile de sortie et par rapport Ă un Ă©lĂ©ment fixe de l'appareil Ă l'intĂ©rieur duquel est disposĂ© le dispositif 1, une rotation de ce support peut entrainer en rotation le mobile de sortie, afin de constituer un dispositif de remontage manuel. Ă€ cette fin, le support peut Ăªtre liĂ© cinĂ©matiquement Ă un fond tournant ou Ă une lunette tournante, ou bien Ă une couronne de remontage. Un système empĂªchant que le mobile de sortie tourne dans le mauvais sens, tel qu'une surface d'entrainement, qui peut comporter une denture en scie ou une surface de friction, agencĂ©e pour interagir avec l'extrĂ©mitĂ© d'un bras d'entrainement, qui peut comporter un bec ou une surface de friction, peut alors Ăªtre prĂ©vu.In all the aforementioned embodiments, if the support (not shown) to which the flexible guide is attached is rotatable about the axis of rotation of the output mobile and relative to a fixed element of the device to the Inside which the
Par ailleurs, le mobile de sortie 23 peut Ăªtre en liaison cinĂ©matique non exclusivement avec un dispositif de stockage d'Ă©nergie mĂ©canique tel qu'un barillet contenant un ressort, mais alternativement avec une gĂ©nĂ©ratrice Ă©lectrique associĂ©e Ă un accumulateur (tel qu'une batterie secondaire, un condensateur ou similaire).Furthermore, the output mobile 23 may be kinematic not exclusively with a mechanical energy storage device such as a cylinder containing a spring, but alternately with an electric generator associated with an accumulator (such as a secondary battery). , a capacitor or the like).
Plus gĂ©nĂ©ralement, les caractĂ©ristiques de chaque variante peuvent Ăªtre combinĂ©es de multiples manières.More generally, the characteristics of each variant can be combined in multiple ways.
Finalement, on note que des variantes supplémentaires sont également envisageables sans sortir de la portée de l'invention comme définie par les revendications.Finally, it is noted that additional variants are also conceivable without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Claims (19)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH17332016 | 2016-12-23 | ||
CH00032/17A CH713302A2 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2017-01-11 | Device for converting displacements, for example for automatic winding systems of timepieces. |
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EP3346342A1 true EP3346342A1 (en) | 2018-07-11 |
EP3346342B1 EP3346342B1 (en) | 2020-09-09 |
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EP17207036.9A Active EP3346342B1 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2017-12-13 | Displacement conversion device |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH315161A (en) * | 1954-04-24 | 1956-07-31 | Ancienne Manufacture D Horloge | Automatic winding mechanism for watch |
US2874532A (en) * | 1954-01-08 | 1959-02-24 | Baier Paul | Self-winding watch |
CH336755A (en) * | 1957-02-13 | 1959-02-28 | Revue Fabriques D Horlogerie T | Self-winding watch |
DE7406220U (en) * | 1974-02-22 | 1976-11-04 | Gebr. Staiger, Fabrik Fuer Feinmechanik Und Elektrotechnik-Kunststoffspritzerei, 7742 St Georgen | Stepping mechanism for an electromechanical converter of an electrical clock |
-
2017
- 2017-12-13 EP EP17207036.9A patent/EP3346342B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2874532A (en) * | 1954-01-08 | 1959-02-24 | Baier Paul | Self-winding watch |
CH315161A (en) * | 1954-04-24 | 1956-07-31 | Ancienne Manufacture D Horloge | Automatic winding mechanism for watch |
CH336755A (en) * | 1957-02-13 | 1959-02-28 | Revue Fabriques D Horlogerie T | Self-winding watch |
DE7406220U (en) * | 1974-02-22 | 1976-11-04 | Gebr. Staiger, Fabrik Fuer Feinmechanik Und Elektrotechnik-Kunststoffspritzerei, 7742 St Georgen | Stepping mechanism for an electromechanical converter of an electrical clock |
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