EP3334576B1 - Bar element - Google Patents

Bar element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3334576B1
EP3334576B1 EP16781278.3A EP16781278A EP3334576B1 EP 3334576 B1 EP3334576 B1 EP 3334576B1 EP 16781278 A EP16781278 A EP 16781278A EP 3334576 B1 EP3334576 B1 EP 3334576B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bar element
bar
producing
elements
sections
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP16781278.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3334576A1 (en
Inventor
Jörn Niederländer
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Klanten Robert
Niederlaender Joern
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Klanten Robert
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Publication date
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Priority to PL16781278T priority Critical patent/PL3334576T3/en
Publication of EP3334576A1 publication Critical patent/EP3334576A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • B27M3/0026—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally
    • B27M3/0053—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected laterally using glue
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/28—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by transfer from the surfaces of elements carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. brushes, pads, rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D1/40—Distributing applied liquids or other fluent materials by members moving relatively to surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/12—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/06—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D7/22—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials to internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K9/00—Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar material
    • B27K9/002—Cane, bamboo
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B3/00—Hulls characterised by their structure or component parts
    • B63B3/02—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units
    • B63B3/04—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units with permanently-connected sub-units
    • B63B3/06—Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units with permanently-connected sub-units the sub-units being substantially identical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/127—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with hollow cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/18—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members with metal or other reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/185—Synthetic reinforcements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/29—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces built-up from parts of different material, i.e. composite structures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2203/00—Other substrates
    • B05D2203/20—Wood or similar material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D2254/00—Tubes
    • B05D2254/04—Applying the material on the interior of the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a rod element as a construction element, wherein the rod element consists of a plurality of strips preferably made of bamboo and is at least partially formed as a hollow element, wherein the interior of the hollow element is at least partially formed as a groove, and a correspondingly produced rod element ,
  • Such a method for producing a rod element is already known from NL 8 402 779 A1 previously known.
  • a plurality of enclosing wooden parts are joined together, which are held together by intermediate and outer resin-pressed reinforcements.
  • the districts can be put together in various ways to the spatial shape of a cylinder jacket, so that they can be used, for example, as a ship's mast.
  • the wooden parts are attached around one or more discs shaped shaping templates around.
  • the wood parts may be required to a plate into which are then preferably milled V-shaped grooves, so that then the plate can be brought into a cylindrical shape.
  • Another comparable rod element is from the DE 20 2014 101 157 U1 previously known.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a method for the production of rod elements with which such rod elements can be produced, which also suitable as a construction element for the construction of structures, trusses, grid structures or other spatial bodies and geometric bodies are.
  • the object underlying the invention is achieved in that the groove formation of the rod elements by means of a plastic introduced into the rod elements and / or resin, using a movable body through the interior of the rod element is realized.
  • the advantage over the previously known from the prior art solutions is that the corresponding rod elements are made of a natural and rapidly renewable raw material, namely bamboo, wherein the production of this rod element takes place by joining strips with a defined cross-section to a rod , which has a defined inner cross-section, since the internal formation of the rod element is realized as a groove by a movable molded body is moved through the interior of the rod element, wherein previously the interior of the rod element was provided with an introduced plastic and / or resin, which is brought by means of the shaped body in a defined shape, namely the shape of a groove, and then in this intended Form hardens.
  • the grooves formed in the interior of the rod element can also be realized by means of an inserted into the interior of the rod element inner tube, which is coated on the outside with a, preferably fiber-reinforced, plastic and / or resin outer jacket. After completion of the curing process of the outer shell forming materials, the inner tube can be pulled out against the background of its previous coating with a release agent from the rod member while retaining the outer groove forming the groove.
  • the above-described construction of the interior of the rod element causes a stiffening of the rod elements produced in this way, which accordingly have a higher stability and in particular as components have the required compressive and tensile strength.
  • Another significant advantage of the solution according to the invention is that, in contrast to the naturally grown bamboo, a uniform tube cross-section over an almost any tube length, as well as a precise wall thickness by the production of the rod elements according to claim 1, is achieved. Because the individual rod elements can be produced with a defined cross section and a defined wall thickness, the rod elements produced accordingly can be industrially manufactured, used and further processed.
  • the molded body which can be moved through the interior of the rod element is a movable piston.
  • the strips used to produce the rod elements have a trapezoidal cross section, so that the individual strips can be permanently connected to each other as intended to form a round rod element in the obliquely set longitudinal edges of the strips.
  • six or eight of the above-mentioned strips are connected by means of an adhesive bond to a closed rod member having a hexagonal or octagonal cross-section further.
  • the strips along their longitudinal edges are connected together in such a way that they complement each other to the above-described closed rod element.
  • the longitudinal edges of the strips to form the rod elements are flat, so that in this way a good adhesion of the adjacent strips in the region of these longitudinal edges to form an adhesive bond is ensured.
  • the configuration of the inner contour of the rod elements, by means of the movable molded body, may also be partially eingargbar in order to impress a defined inner contour, in particular in the end-side termination region of the rod elements, such as a three- or quadrangular or round inner contour, which in turn can be helpful if several Bar elements in the longitudinal direction successively with each other, for example by the use of in this inner contour insertable hollow body, to be connected to a corresponding outer contour.
  • an inner hollow body in the defined inner contour, in particular in the frontal inner contour of a rod element are inserted such that this devishohlköper has a projection with respect to the one rod element and on this supernatant a subsequent other rod member is analog pluggable, so that using the inner hollow body two bar elements are interconnected.
  • two rod elements can also be connected to each other by means of an angled or bent inner hollow body, wherein the angled or bent passage of the inner hollow body in the intermediate region between the two rod elements is arranged and thereby also a corner or curved connection between the two at this connection involved rod elements are produced.
  • a plurality of rod elements by means of one or more inner hollow body, which in turn may be provided with several connecting pieces, so branching to these multiple connectors, are joined together to form polygonal structures, grid structures, spatial bodies, geometric bodies or trusses.
  • the rod elements can also be connected to each other by means of suitable hollow body, wherein the hollow body used for the connection in this context are provided in the lying between the rod elements to be connected connection area in each case with at least one articulated connection.
  • articulated connections can be made within the scope of the invention, that is, room bodies that are variable in their outer shape.
  • rod elements according to the invention need not be prepared as a closed rod elements, but rather half-round or other semi-open rod elements can be produced within the scope of the invention, also by means of the strips used for the production of the rod elements.
  • wall-like structures or honeycomb-like wall structures can also be produced in that a plurality of the rod elements according to the invention are joined together along their outer contour to form composite rod arrangements.
  • structures or sections of structures can also be produced with the aid of the composite rod arrangements according to the invention.
  • the constructions according to the invention have the advantage that they are produced in a resource-conserving manner from a natural or at least largely natural raw material and, moreover, have a lower weight and easier processability than conventional constructions of stone or other solids.
  • open rod elements or closed half-cable elements can also be integrated into the mentioned composite rod arrangements.
  • the composite rod assembly can be planked on one or both sides, or be made immediately in a sandwich construction, wherein the inner layer is formed in each case by the above-described composite rod assembly.
  • the composite rod assembly can be supplemented with the intermediate layer of insulating material and / or reinforcing materials.
  • FIG. 1 shows in a perspective view of a bar element 1, which consists of a plurality of strips made of bamboo strips 2, wherein the strips 2 each have a trapezoidal cross-section.
  • the strips 2 are each connected to each other in the region of their longitudinal edges 3 by means of a suitable adhesive connection. After the strips 2 are manufactured with an industrial cutting process, it is ensured that the longitudinal edges 3 are formed flat to form a resilient connection and, moreover, the rod elements 1 produced by means of the method according to the invention are each provided with reproducible cross sections.
  • the rod elements 1 according to FIG. 2 be coated with a plastic and / or resin and in a further step, a movable piston with a round outer cross section, at least in sections, are passed through the rod element 1, with the result that a circular inner cross section 4 is impressed in the rod element 1, ie a groove is formed, which is also resilient after curing of the introduced composite material. Accordingly, the rod elements 1 according to FIG. 2 also a reproducible inner cross-section with clearly defined dimensions.
  • the polygonal pole elements can be processed in such a way that arise from the multi-edged bar elements 1 as such, which also have a round outer cross-section 5.
  • This can be realized by turning the polygonal tubes on their outside until the desired round outer cross section 5 has been created.
  • the existing in this context problem of a reduced due to the outer turning of the outer cross section of the rod member 1 wall thickness, as shown in FIG. 3 be remedied by the fact that in the interior of the rod element 1, a round inner tube is introduced, which is provided with an outer sheath.
  • the outer jacket is applied with the interposition of a release layer from the outside to the inner tube and usually consists of resin or plastic or of a composite material of these materials, in addition to glass, carbon or carbon fibers are further incorporated in this outer jacket for further stiffening in this outer jacket for further stiffening.
  • These fibers can be introduced in a simple manner in the form of a wound around the inner tube fabric mat in the outer jacket or else be incorporated as individual fibers in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction in the outer shell.
  • the inner tube After curing of the outer jacket, the inner tube can be easily pulled out of the rod member 1 due to the intermediate separation layer, which thus has a round inner cross-section, and due to the integrated fiber assembly has a higher rigidity, by the stiffness loss caused by the twisting of the outer cross section of the rod element was caused, compensated or overcompensated.
  • the outer surface of the outer cross section of the rod member 1 is reinforced by the application of a respective further bamboo strip 6 and only then the rod element 1 are turned off, until in turn a round outer cross section 5 is reached. This with the difference that the obtained in this way wall thickness of the rod element 1 with respect to the execution in FIG. 3 is significantly strengthened.
  • the rod elements 1 as shown in the Figures 1-4 can, if necessary, be reinforced and stiffened by means of suitable internal reinforcements, wherein, as shown in FIG. 5 a triangular inner tube 7 was used, which is preferably also made of bamboo and is produced analogously in that the bamboo strips for the production of the inner tube 7 in the region of their longitudinal edges 3 '- are connected to each other - for example by a suitable adhesive connection.
  • This inner tube 7 is introduced in the sense of a press fit in the rod element 1 to the stiffening and accordingly causes a higher load capacity of the rod element 1.
  • the interior of the rod elements 1 can also be filled with a filler, for example, foamed, in this context either only the interior of the inner tube 7 or the entire interior of the rod element 1 can be filled or filled with foam.
  • FIG. 6 also shows in a perspective view a not yet completed rod element.
  • rod elements 1 can be joined together by means of suitable connecting elements.
  • hollow body 10 which may again be bar elements 1,1 'according to the invention, but need not be inserted positively in the defined inner cross section of a rod element 1 in such a way that the inner hollow body 10 as shown in FIG. 7b) an overhang 11 with respect to the one bar element 1 is formed, before then analogously the other bar element 1 'is fitted onto the hollow body 10 and thus a connection of the two bar elements 1,1' according to Fig. 7c) is made.
  • the inner hollow body 10 can be more or less arbitrarily shaped to produce the connection between two rod elements 1,1 ', so for example as an angular element or as a cam element, so that even angular or curvy connections between a plurality of rod elements 1,1' as shown in FIG FIG. 8 are conceivable.
  • curvy connections can only be realized using special, at least not made of bamboo, fasteners, such as die-cast or produced in 3D printing.
  • FIG. 8 in each case in a perspective view, the different connecting stages between two bar elements 1, 1 'involved in the connection, which according to the exploded view or in the illustration before the connection according to FIG FIG. 8 a) can be interconnected by an inner hollow body 10, which is formed in this case as an angle element to form a right angle.
  • FIG. 9 shows the individual steps of the formation of a cross-connection, by four rod elements 1 in detail using a central cross connector 12 are made by the fact that each of the individual connection pieces of the cross connector 12, the already described rod elements 1 are plugged.
  • inventive rod elements 1, 1 ' by means of suitable adhesive bonds to a composite or honeycomb assembly 13 according to FIG. 10 can be assembled together, wall structures of any shape and wall thickness can be produced.
  • honeycomb structure 13 it must be in the honeycomb structure 13 as shown in FIG. 11 not necessarily fundamentally closed rod elements 1, 1 'be inserted. Rather, alternatively, open bar elements 14, or closed half bars 15 may be integrated, for example, to produce a defined wall finish can.
  • honeycomb assemblies 13 are usually provided in particular in the structural field with advantage with a two-sided or one-sided planking or readily produced in sandwich construction with the interposition of the honeycomb arrangement.
  • This sandwich construction can already be done with the interposition of insulation or insulation materials, possibly omitting any required for installations channels.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stabelement als Konstruktionselement, wobei das Stabelement aus einer Mehrzahl von vorzugsweise aus Bambus hergestellten Leisten besteht und wenigstens bereichsweise als Hohlelement ausgebildet ist, wobei der Innenraum des Hohlelementes zumindest abschnittsweise als Hohlkehle ausgebildet ist, sowie ein dementsprechend hergestelltes Stabelement.The invention relates to a method for producing a rod element as a construction element, wherein the rod element consists of a plurality of strips preferably made of bamboo and is at least partially formed as a hollow element, wherein the interior of the hollow element is at least partially formed as a groove, and a correspondingly produced rod element ,

Ein solches Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Stabelementes ist bereits aus der NL 8 402 779 A1 vorbekannt. Bei dieser vorbekannten Lösung werden mehrere einander umschließenden Holzteile zusammengefügt, welche durch zwischen liegende und äußere mit Kunstharz gedrängte Verstärkungen zusammengehalten werden. Die Ortsteile können auf verschiedene Art zu der Raumform eines Zylindermantels zusammengefügt werden, so dass diese beispielsweise als Schiffsmast eingesetzt werden können. Bei einer Ausführung werden die Holzteile um eine oder mehrere Scheiben förmige formgebende Schablonen herum angebracht. Alternativ können die Holzteile zu einer Platte verlangt werden in die anschließend vorzugsweise V-förmige Nuten gefräst werden, so dass anschließend die Platte in eine Zylinderform verbracht werden kann.Such a method for producing a rod element is already known from NL 8 402 779 A1 previously known. In this prior art solution a plurality of enclosing wooden parts are joined together, which are held together by intermediate and outer resin-pressed reinforcements. The districts can be put together in various ways to the spatial shape of a cylinder jacket, so that they can be used, for example, as a ship's mast. In one embodiment, the wooden parts are attached around one or more discs shaped shaping templates around. Alternatively, the wood parts may be required to a plate into which are then preferably milled V-shaped grooves, so that then the plate can be brought into a cylindrical shape.

Ein weiteres vergleichbares Stabelement ist aus der DE 20 2014 101 157 U1 vorbekannt.Another comparable rod element is from the DE 20 2014 101 157 U1 previously known.

Übrigen ist aus der US 2007/0101674 A1 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Pfostenabdeckung, sowie eine solche Pfostenabdeckung vorbekannt. Auch hier werden in ein starres längliche Trägermaterial in Längsrichtung V-Rillen eingebracht, die es erlauben, das längliche Trägermaterial zu einem Rohr zu formen, das dann wiederum geeignet ist, einen Pfosten im Sinne einer Abdeckung zu umschließen.The rest is from the US 2007/0101674 A1 a method for producing a post cover, as well as such a post cover previously known. Here, too, V-grooves are introduced in a longitudinal direction in a rigid elongate carrier material, which make it possible to form the elongate carrier material into a tube, which in turn is then suitable for enclosing a post in the sense of a cover.

Außerdem ist es aus der WO 2013/157 771 A1 vorbekannt, einen Fahrradrahmen aus Bambus herzustellen, bei dem gerade oder gebogene Bambusstäbe mittels geeigneter Verbindungselemente zu einem Fahrradrahmen zusammengefügt werden können. Außerdem ist es aus einem Abschlussbericht zu einem BMBF-Forschungsvorhaben der Technischen Universität Dresden "Hochleistungsholztragwerke - HHT- Entwicklung von hochbelastbaren Verbundbauweisen im Holzbau mit faserverstärkten Kunststoffen, technischen Textilien und Formpressholz" vorbekannt, Formholzprofile herzustellen und diese durch das gezielte Einbringen von verdichteten und unverdichteten Hölzern derart zu verarbeiten dass hierdurch Profile mit veränderlichen Krümmungsradien hergestellt werden können. Als alternatives Herstellungsverfahren wird beschrieben, dass Leistenquerschnitte, auch ohne Form gebendes Verfahren, durch Fügeprozesse miteinander verbunden werden können. Dabei wird es als nachteilig angesehen, dass für jeden Querschnitt mehr oder weniger aufwändige Abrichtvorgänge am Leistensegment erforderlich sind, um die gewünschten Geometrien zu erzielen. Ein weiteres Problem ist in diesem Zusammenhang der so genannte "Memory-Effekt", also dass derart geformte Formholzprofile nach einiger Zeit dazu neigen wieder ihre ursprüngliche Form anzunehmen.Besides, it is from the WO 2013/157 771 A1 previously known to produce a bicycle frame made of bamboo, in which straight or curved bamboo rods can be joined together by means of suitable fasteners to a bicycle frame. It is also from a final report on a BMBF research project the Technical University of Dresden "High performance wood structures - HHT- development of heavy-duty composite construction in wood with fiber-reinforced plastics, technical textiles and molded wood" previously known to produce shaped wood profiles and process them by the targeted introduction of compacted and uncompacted woods so that in this way profiles are made with variable radii of curvature can. As an alternative manufacturing method it is described that strip cross-sections, even without a shaping process, can be connected to one another by joining processes. It is considered disadvantageous that for each cross-section more or less complex dressing operations on the strip segment are required in order to achieve the desired geometries. Another problem in this context is the so-called "memory effect", so that shaped molded wood profiles tend after some time to return to their original shape.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zu Grunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stabelementen anzugeben, mit dem derartige Stabelemente herstellbar sind, die im weiteren als Konstruktionselement auch zum Aufbau von Tragwerken, Fachwerken, Gitterkonstruktionen oder sonstigen Raumkörpern und geometrischen Körpern geeignet sind.Based on this prior art, the invention is based on the object to provide a method for the production of rod elements with which such rod elements can be produced, which also suitable as a construction element for the construction of structures, trusses, grid structures or other spatial bodies and geometric bodies are.

Die der Erfindung zu Grunde liegende Aufgabe wird mittels eines Verfahrens zu Herstellung eines Stabelementes gemäß Anspruch 1 sowie durch ein dementsprechend hergestelltes Stabelement als solches gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung können den abhängigen Ansprüchen 2-17 entnommen werden.The object underlying the invention is achieved by means of a method for producing a rod element according to claim 1 and by a correspondingly produced rod element as such. Advantageous embodiments of the invention can be taken from the dependent claims 2-17.

Im Einzelnen wird die der Erfindung zu Grunde liegende Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass die Hohlkehlen-Ausbildung der Stabelemente mittels eines in die Stabelemente eingebrachten Kunststoffes und/oder Harzes, unter Verwendung eines durch den Innenraum des Stabelementes bewegbaren Formkörpers, realisiert ist. Der Vorteil gegenüber den aus dem Stand der Technik vorbekannten Lösungen besteht darin, dass die entsprechenden Stabelemente aus einem natürlichen und schnell nachwachsenden Rohstoff, nämlich aus Bambus, hergestellt sind, wobei die Herstellung dieses Stabelementes durch Zusammenfügen von Leisten mit einem definierten Querschnitt zu einem Stab erfolgt, der einen definierten Innenquerschnitt besitzt, da die Innenausbildung des Stabelementes als Hohlkehle dadurch realisiert wird, dass ein bewegbarer Formkörper durch den Innenraum des Stabelementes bewegt wird, wobei zuvor der Innenraum des Stabelementes mit einem eingebrachten Kunststoff und/oder Harz versehen wurde, der mittels des Formkörpers in eine definierte Form, nämlich die Form einer Hohlkehle, verbracht wird und anschließend in dieser bestimmungsgemäßen Form aushärtet. Alternativ können die im Innenraum des Stabelementes ausgebildete Hohlkehlen auch mittels eines in den Innenraum des Stabelementes eingeschobenen Innenrohres realisiert werden, das außenseitig mit einem, vorzugsweise faserverstärkten, Kunststoff- und/oder Harz-Außenmantel beschichtet ist. Nach Abschluss des Aushärteprozesses der den Außenmantel bildenden Materialien kann das Innenrohr vor dem Hintergrund dessen vorheriger Beschichtung mit einem Trennmittel aus dem Stabelement unter Verbleib des die Hohlkehle ausbildenden Außenmantels herausgezogen werden.In detail, the object underlying the invention is achieved in that the groove formation of the rod elements by means of a plastic introduced into the rod elements and / or resin, using a movable body through the interior of the rod element is realized. The advantage over the previously known from the prior art solutions is that the corresponding rod elements are made of a natural and rapidly renewable raw material, namely bamboo, wherein the production of this rod element takes place by joining strips with a defined cross-section to a rod , which has a defined inner cross-section, since the internal formation of the rod element is realized as a groove by a movable molded body is moved through the interior of the rod element, wherein previously the interior of the rod element was provided with an introduced plastic and / or resin, which is brought by means of the shaped body in a defined shape, namely the shape of a groove, and then in this intended Form hardens. Alternatively, the grooves formed in the interior of the rod element can also be realized by means of an inserted into the interior of the rod element inner tube, which is coated on the outside with a, preferably fiber-reinforced, plastic and / or resin outer jacket. After completion of the curing process of the outer shell forming materials, the inner tube can be pulled out against the background of its previous coating with a release agent from the rod member while retaining the outer groove forming the groove.

Die vorstehend beschriebene Ausbildung des Innenraums des Stabelementes bewirkt eine Versteifung der auf diesem Wege hergestellten Stabelemente, die dementsprechend eine höhere Stabilität besitzen und insbesondere als Bauelemente die erforderliche Druck- und Zugfestigkeit besitzen. Ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung besteht darin, dass im Unterschied zum natürlich gewachsenen Bambus ein gleichmäßiger Rohrquerschnitt über eine nahezu beliebige Rohrlänge, wie aber auch eine präzise Wandstärke durch die Herstellung der Stabelemente gemäß Anspruch 1, erreicht wird. Dadurch, dass die einzelnen Stabelemente mit einem definierten Querschnitt und einer definierten Wandstärke herstellbar sind, können die dementsprechend hergestellten Stabelemente industriell gefertigt, eingesetzt und weiterverarbeitet werden. Dies ist in Verbindung mit natürlich gewachsenen Bambusrohren nicht möglich, da sich deren Durchmesser und Wandstärke über die Länge der Bambusrohre hinweg verändern und im Übrigen auch die einzelnen Bambusrohre jeweils unterschiedliche Durchmesser, Querschnitte und Wandstärken besitzen, was dementsprechend die Verbindung der natürlichen Bambusrohre untereinander, aber auch mit anderen Verbindungselementen und Materialien, erschwert bzw. unmöglich macht. Die aus den erwähnten Bambusleisten hergestellten Stabelemente sind recycelbar, bzw. je nach eingesetzter Klebeverbindung sogar vollständig recycelbar bzw. ökologisch abbaubar.The above-described construction of the interior of the rod element causes a stiffening of the rod elements produced in this way, which accordingly have a higher stability and in particular as components have the required compressive and tensile strength. Another significant advantage of the solution according to the invention is that, in contrast to the naturally grown bamboo, a uniform tube cross-section over an almost any tube length, as well as a precise wall thickness by the production of the rod elements according to claim 1, is achieved. Because the individual rod elements can be produced with a defined cross section and a defined wall thickness, the rod elements produced accordingly can be industrially manufactured, used and further processed. This is not possible in connection with naturally grown bamboo tubes, since their diameter and wall thickness change over the length of the bamboo tubes and otherwise the individual bamboo tubes each have different diameters, cross sections and wall thicknesses, which accordingly the connection of the natural bamboo tubes with each other, but even with other fasteners and materials, makes it difficult or impossible. The rod elements made from the aforementioned bamboo strips are recyclable, or depending on the adhesive bond used even fully recyclable or ecologically degradable.

In konkreter Ausgestaltung handelt es sich bei dem durch den Innenraum des Stabelementes bewegbaren Formkörper um einen bewegbaren Kolben.In a concrete embodiment, the molded body which can be moved through the interior of the rod element is a movable piston.

Im Falle der Ausbildung der Hohlkehle unter Verwendung des Innenrohres gemäß Anspruch 1 kann der in Verbindung mit dem Innenrohr eingebrachte Außenmantel, der nach Auszug des Innenrohres im Stabelement verbleibt, mit einer Faserstruktur versehen sein, die optimal auf die zu erwartende Belastung der Stabelemente abgestimmt ist. So können je nach Anwendung Glas-, Kohle- oder Carbonfasern in Längs- oder Querrichtung unter Ausbildung einer Gittergewebestruktur in den Außenmantel eingearbeitet sein, in einfachster Weise, indem entweder die Gewebestruktur um das Innenrohr herumgewickelt wird oder aber die Längs- oder Querfasern bereits in den Außenmantel eingearbeitet sind.In the case of the formation of the groove using the inner tube according to claim 1, introduced in conjunction with the inner tube outer sheath, which remains after removal of the inner tube in the rod member, be provided with a fiber structure which is optimally adapted to the expected load on the rod elements. Thus, depending on the application, glass, carbon or carbon fibers can be incorporated into the outer jacket in the longitudinal or transverse direction to form a grid fabric structure, in the simplest manner by either wrapping the fabric structure around the inner tube or already wrapping the longitudinal or transverse fibers in the outer jacket Outer jacket are incorporated.

Die zur Herstellung der Stabelemente eingesetzten Leisten besitzen einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt, so dass die einzelnen Leisten bestimmungsgemäß zur Ausbildung eines runden Stabelementes im Bereich der schräg angestellten Längskanten der Leisten dauerhaft miteinander verbunden werden können.The strips used to produce the rod elements have a trapezoidal cross section, so that the individual strips can be permanently connected to each other as intended to form a round rod element in the obliquely set longitudinal edges of the strips.

In konkreter Ausgestaltung werden sechs oder acht der vorstehend bezeichneten Leisten mittels einer Klebeverbindung zu einem geschlossenen Stabelement verbunden, das im weiteren einen hexagonalen oder oktogonalen Querschnitt aufweist. In diesem Zusammenhang werden die Leisten entlang Ihrer Längskanten miteinander derart verbunden, dass sie sich zu dem vorstehend beschriebenen geschlossenen Stabelement ergänzen.In concrete embodiment, six or eight of the above-mentioned strips are connected by means of an adhesive bond to a closed rod member having a hexagonal or octagonal cross-section further. In this connection, the strips along their longitudinal edges are connected together in such a way that they complement each other to the above-described closed rod element.

In weiter verbesserter Ausführung sind die Längskanten der Leisten zur Ausbildung der Stabelemente plan ausgebildet, so dass hierdurch ein gutes Anhaftverhalten der angrenzenden Leisten im Bereich dieser Längskanten zur Ausbildung einer Klebeverbindung gewährleistet ist.In a further improved embodiment, the longitudinal edges of the strips to form the rod elements are flat, so that in this way a good adhesion of the adjacent strips in the region of these longitudinal edges to form an adhesive bond is ensured.

Die Ausgestaltung der Innenkontur der Stabelemente, mittels des bewegbaren Formkörpers, kann gegebenenfalls auch abschnittsweise einprägbar sein, um insbesondere im stirnseitigen Abschlussbereich der Stabelemente eine definierte Innenkontur einzuprägen, etwa eine drei- oder viereckige oder runde Innenkontur, die ihrerseits wiederum hilfreich sein kann, wenn mehrere Stabelemente in Längsrichtung aufeinanderfolgend miteinander, etwa durch den Einsatz von in diese Innenkontur einschiebbaren Innenhohlkörpern, mit einer korrespondierenden Außenkontur verbunden werden sollen.The configuration of the inner contour of the rod elements, by means of the movable molded body, may also be partially einprägbar in order to impress a defined inner contour, in particular in the end-side termination region of the rod elements, such as a three- or quadrangular or round inner contour, which in turn can be helpful if several Bar elements in the longitudinal direction successively with each other, for example by the use of in this inner contour insertable hollow body, to be connected to a corresponding outer contour.

In konkreter Ausgestaltung kann ein Innenhohlkörper in die definierte Innenkontur, insbesondere in die stirnseitige Innenkontur eines Stabelementes, derart eingeschoben werden, dass dieser Innenhohlköper einen Überstand gegenüber dem einen Stabelement besitzt und auf diesen Überstand ein nachfolgendes anderes Stabelement analog aufsteckbar ist, so dass mithilfe des Innenhohlkörpers zwei Stabelemente miteinander verbunden sind.In a concrete embodiment, an inner hollow body in the defined inner contour, in particular in the frontal inner contour of a rod element, are inserted such that this Innenhohlköper has a projection with respect to the one rod element and on this supernatant a subsequent other rod member is analog pluggable, so that using the inner hollow body two bar elements are interconnected.

In weiterer Ausgestaltung können auch jeweils zwei Stabelemente mittels eines abgewinkelten oder abgekröpften Innenhohlkörpers, wobei die abgewinkelte oder abgekröpfte Passage des Innenhohlkörpers in dem Zwischenbereich zwischen den beiden Stabelementen angeordnet ist, miteinander verbunden werden und hierdurch auch eine Eck- oder Kurvenverbindung zwischen den beiden an dieser Verbindung beteiligten Stabelementen hergestellt werden.In a further embodiment, two rod elements can also be connected to each other by means of an angled or bent inner hollow body, wherein the angled or bent passage of the inner hollow body in the intermediate region between the two rod elements is arranged and thereby also a corner or curved connection between the two at this connection involved rod elements are produced.

In abermals verbesserter Ausgestaltung können auch mehrere Stabelemente mittels eines oder mehrerer Innenhohlkörper, die gegebenenfalls ihrerseits mit mehreren Anschlussstücken versehen sind, also sich zu diesen mehreren Anschlussstücken verzweigen, zu Mehreck-Konstruktionen, Gitterkonstruktionen, Raumkörpern, geometrischen Körpern oder Fachwerken zusammengefügt werden.In a further improved embodiment, a plurality of rod elements by means of one or more inner hollow body, which in turn may be provided with several connecting pieces, so branching to these multiple connectors, are joined together to form polygonal structures, grid structures, spatial bodies, geometric bodies or trusses.

In abgewandelter bzw. abermals verbesserter Ausführung können die Stabelemente auch mittels geeigneter Innenhohlkörper miteinander verbunden werden, wobei die zur Verbindung in diesem Zusammenhang eingesetzten Innenhohlkörper in dem zwischen den zu verbindenden Stabelementen liegenden Verbindungsbereich jeweils mit wenigstens einer gelenkigen Verbindung versehen sind. Bei dieser Ausgestaltung können gelenkige Verbindungen im Rahmen der Erfindung hergestellt werden, also Raumkörper, die in ihrer äußeren Form veränderlich sind.In a modified or again improved embodiment, the rod elements can also be connected to each other by means of suitable hollow body, wherein the hollow body used for the connection in this context are provided in the lying between the rod elements to be connected connection area in each case with at least one articulated connection. In this embodiment, articulated connections can be made within the scope of the invention, that is, room bodies that are variable in their outer shape.

Im Übrigen ist es denkbar, dass auf die zwischen den zu verbindenden Stabelementen angeordneten Überstände der Innenhohlkörper gesonderte Verbindungselemente, jeweils umfassend wenigstens zwei voneinander beabstandete Muffenabschnitte, derart aufsteckkbar sind, dass die stirnseitigen Endabschnitte der Innenhohlkörper jeweils in diesen Muffenabschnitten formschlüssig aufgenommen sind. Der Einsatz der vorstehend erwähnten Muffenabschnitte eröffnet für die, mittels den erfindungsgemäß hergestellten Stabelementen, hergestellten Konstruktionen ein erweitertes Anwendungsfeld, weil die entsprechenden Muffenabschnitte aus einem anderen Material als die Stabelemente oder die Innenhohlkörper gefertigt sein können und dementsprechend an die jeweiligen Anforderungen optimal angepasst werden können.Incidentally, it is conceivable that separate connecting elements, in each case comprising at least two mutually spaced sleeve portions, are aufsteckkbar on the arranged between the rod elements to be connected protrusions of the inner hollow body such that the front end portions of the inner hollow body are received positively in each of these sleeve sections. The use of the above-mentioned sleeve sections opens up an expanded field of application for the constructions produced by means of the rod elements produced according to the invention, because the corresponding sleeve sections can be made of a different material than the rod elements or the inner hollow bodies and can therefore be optimally adapted to the respective requirements.

Dies gilt im Übrigen auch für die in diesem Zusammenhang eingesetzten Innenhohlkörper, gelenkigen Verbindungen, Verbindungselemente und/oder Muffenabschnitte. So können diese im weitesten Sinne als Verbindungselemente eingesetzten Zwischenstücke zwischen den erfindungsgemäßen Stababschnitten jeweils kostengünstig, aber maßgenau und auf den jeweiligen Einzelfall angepasst, in einem 3D-Druckverfahren hergestellt sein.Incidentally, this also applies to the hollow body used in this context, articulated connections, connecting elements and / or sleeve sections. Thus, in the broadest sense used as connecting elements intermediate pieces between the bar sections according to the invention in each case cost, but accurately and adapted to the particular case, be prepared in a 3D printing process.

Dabei müssen die erfindungsgemäßen Stabelemente nicht als geschlossene Stabelemente hergestellt sein, sondern vielmehr können im Rahmen der Erfindung, auch mittels der zur Herstellung der Stabelemente eingesetzten Leisten, auch halbrunde oder sonstige halboffene Stabelemente hergestellt werden.In this case, the rod elements according to the invention need not be prepared as a closed rod elements, but rather half-round or other semi-open rod elements can be produced within the scope of the invention, also by means of the strips used for the production of the rod elements.

Mittels der im Rahmen der Erfindung hergestellten Stabelemente können auch wandartige Strukturen oder wabenartige Wandstrukturen dadurch hergestellt werden, dass mehrere der erfindungsgemäßen Stabelemente entlang ihrer Außenkontur miteinander zu Verbundstabanordnungen zusammengefügt werden. Dies bedeutet konkret, dass nicht nur Rahmen- oder Fachwerkkonstruktionen oder Gitterkonstruktionen mit den erfindungsgemäßen Stabelementen gefertigt werden können, sondern auch geschlossene Wand oder Raumstrukturen, wobei es mithilfe der erwähnten Wabenstruktur möglich ist, jeweils gewünschte Belastbarkeitsgrenzen, Dämmeigenschaften oder Stabilitätskriterien einfach dadurch zu erfüllen, dass jeweils eine Verbundstabanordnung mit der erforderlichen Wandstärke hergestellt wird. So können mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Verbundstabanordnungen auch Bauwerke oder Abschnitte von Bauwerken hergestellt werden. Dabei besitzen die erfindungsgemäßen Konstruktionen den Vorteil, dass diese ressourcenschonend aus einem natürlichen oder zumindest weitgehend natürlichen Rohstoff hergestellt sind und überdies, gegenüber herkömmlichen Konstruktionen aus Stein oder anderen Feststoffen, ein geringeres Gewicht und eine leichtere Verarbeitbarkeit besitzen.By means of the rod elements produced in the context of the invention wall-like structures or honeycomb-like wall structures can also be produced in that a plurality of the rod elements according to the invention are joined together along their outer contour to form composite rod arrangements. Specifically, this means that not only frame or truss structures or grid structures can be made with the rod elements according to the invention, but also closed wall or spatial structures, it is possible using the aforementioned honeycomb structure to meet each desired load limits, insulation properties or stability criteria simply by in each case a composite rod assembly is made with the required wall thickness. Thus, structures or sections of structures can also be produced with the aid of the composite rod arrangements according to the invention. The constructions according to the invention have the advantage that they are produced in a resource-conserving manner from a natural or at least largely natural raw material and, moreover, have a lower weight and easier processability than conventional constructions of stone or other solids.

In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung können in die erwähnten Verbundstabanordnungen neben den geschlossenen Stabelementen auch offene Stabelemente oder geschlossene Halbstabelemente integriert sein.In an advantageous embodiment, in addition to the closed rod elements, open rod elements or closed half-cable elements can also be integrated into the mentioned composite rod arrangements.

In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung kann die Verbundstabanordnung ein- oder beidseitig beplankt sein, bzw. sogleich in einer Sandwichbauweise hergestellt werden, wobei die Innenlage jeweils von der vorstehend erläuterten Verbundstabanordnung gebildet ist. In diesem Falle kann die Verbundstabanordnung erforderlichenfalls um die Zwischenlage von Dämmstoff- und/oder Versteifungsmaterialien ergänzt sein.In a further advantageous embodiment, the composite rod assembly can be planked on one or both sides, or be made immediately in a sandwich construction, wherein the inner layer is formed in each case by the above-described composite rod assembly. In this case, if necessary, the composite rod assembly can be supplemented with the intermediate layer of insulating material and / or reinforcing materials.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand eines oder mehrerer Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert.The invention will be explained below with reference to one or more embodiments.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1:
ein Stabelement mit oktogonalem Außenquerschnitt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 2:
ein Stabelement mit hexagonalem Außenquerschnitt mit einer Hohlkehlenausbildung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 3:
ein weiteres Stabelement mit integriertem, beschichtetem Innenrohr sowie einem rundem Außenquerschnitt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 4;
ein Stabelement mit rundem Außenquerschnitt in einer alternativen Ausgestaltung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 5:
ein Stabelement mit Innenverstärkung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 6:
ein Stabelement in halboffener Ausführung,
Fig. 7 a) - c):
eine Verbindung von zwei Stabelementen in unterschiedlichen Verbindungsstadien, jeweils in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 8 a) - d):
eine rechtwinklige Verbindung von zwei Stabelementen in unterschiedlichen Verbindungstadien in jeweils perspektivischer Ansicht,
Fig. 9 a) - c):
eine Kreuzverbindung von zwei Stabelementen in unterschiedlichen Verbindungsstadien, jeweils in einer perspektivischen Ansicht,
Fig. 10:
eine Wabenstruktur aus miteinander verbundenen Stabelementen in einer perspektivischen Ansicht und
Fig. 11:
eine Wabenstruktur aus miteinander verbundenen Stabelementen in abweichender Ausführung in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.
Show it:
Fig. 1:
a rod element with octagonal outer cross-section in a perspective view,
Fig. 2:
a rod element with hexagonal outer cross-section with a groove formation in a perspective view,
3:
Another rod element with integrated, coated inner tube and a round outer cross-section in a perspective view,
Fig. 4;
a rod element with a round outer cross-section in an alternative embodiment in a perspective view,
Fig. 5:
a rod element with internal reinforcement in a perspective view,
Fig. 6:
a bar element in semi-open design,
Fig. 7 a) - c):
a connection of two bar elements in different connecting stages, each in a perspective view,
Fig. 8 a) - d):
a right-angled connection of two bar elements in different connecting stages in a perspective view in each case,
Fig. 9 a) - c):
a cross connection of two bar elements in different connecting stages, each in a perspective view,
Fig. 10:
a honeycomb structure of interconnected rod elements in a perspective view and
Fig. 11:
a honeycomb structure of interconnected rod elements in a different version in a perspective view.

Figur 1 zeigt in einer perspektivischen Ansicht ein Stabelement 1, das aus einer Mehrzahl von aus Bambus hergestellten Leisten 2 besteht, wobei die Leisten 2 jeweils einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt besitzen. Dabei sind die Leisten 2 jeweils im Bereich ihrer Längskanten 3 mittels einer geeigneten Klebeverbindung miteinander verbunden. Nachdem die Leisten 2 mit einem industriellen Schnittverfahren gefertigt werden, ist sichergestellt, dass die Längskanten 3 zur Ausbildung einer belastbaren Verbindung plan ausgebildet sind und im Übrigen die mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens hergestellten Stabelemente 1 mit jeweils reproduzierbaren Querschnitten versehen sind. FIG. 1 shows in a perspective view of a bar element 1, which consists of a plurality of strips made of bamboo strips 2, wherein the strips 2 each have a trapezoidal cross-section. In this case, the strips 2 are each connected to each other in the region of their longitudinal edges 3 by means of a suitable adhesive connection. After the strips 2 are manufactured with an industrial cutting process, it is ensured that the longitudinal edges 3 are formed flat to form a resilient connection and, moreover, the rod elements 1 produced by means of the method according to the invention are each provided with reproducible cross sections.

In einem weiteren Arbeitsschritt können die Stabelemente 1 gemäß Figur 2 inwändig mit einem Kunststoff und/oder Harz beschichtet werden und in einem weiteren Arbeitsschritt ein bewegbarer Kolben mit einem runden Außenquerschnitt, zumindest abschnittsweise, durch das Stabelement 1 hindurchgeführt werden, mit der Folge, dass ein runder Innenquerschnitt 4 in das Stabelement 1 eingeprägt wird, also eine Hohlkehle ausgebildet wird, die nach dem Aushärten des eingebrachten Verbundwerkstoffes auch belastbar ist. Dementsprechend besitzen die Stabelemente 1 gemäß Figur 2 ebenfalls einen reproduzierbaren Innenquerschnitt mit eindeutig definierten Abmessungen.In a further step, the rod elements 1 according to FIG. 2 be coated with a plastic and / or resin and in a further step, a movable piston with a round outer cross section, at least in sections, are passed through the rod element 1, with the result that a circular inner cross section 4 is impressed in the rod element 1, ie a groove is formed, which is also resilient after curing of the introduced composite material. Accordingly, the rod elements 1 according to FIG. 2 also a reproducible inner cross-section with clearly defined dimensions.

Gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 3 können die vielkantigen Stabelemente, gemäß den Darstellungen in den Figuren 1 und 2 auch derart bearbeitet werden, dass aus den vielkantigen Stabelementen 1 als solche entstehen, die auch einen runden Außenquerschnitt 5 aufweisen. Dies kann dadurch realisiert werden, dass die vielkantigen Rohre an ihrer Außenseite abgedreht werden, bis der gewünschte runde Außenquerschnitt 5 entstanden ist. Die in diesem Zusammenhang bestehende Problematik einer aufgrund des äußeren Abdrehens des Außenquerschnitts des Stabelements 1 reduzierten Wandstärke, kann gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 3 dadurch behoben werden, dass in den Innenraum des Stabelementes 1 ein rundes Innenrohr eingebracht wird, das mit einem Außenmantel versehen ist. Der Außenmantel ist unter Zwischenlage einer Trennschicht von außen auf das Innenrohr aufgetragen und besteht üblicherweise aus Harz oder Kunststoff bzw. aus einem Verbundwerkstoff dieser Materialien, wobei in hier nicht weiter dargestellter Weise in diesen Außenmantel zur weiteren Versteifung zusätzlich Glas-, Kohle- oder Carbonfasern zur weiteren Versteifung eingearbeitet sind. Diese Fasern können in einfacher Weise in Form einer um das Innenrohr gewickelten Gewebematte in den Außenmantel eingebracht werden oder aber auch als einzelne Fasern in Längs- und/oder Querrichtung in den Außenmantel eingearbeitet sein. Nach dem Aushärten des Außenmantels kann aufgrund der zwischenliegenden Trennschicht das Innenrohr aus dem Stabelement 1 einfach herausgezogen werden, das somit einen runden Innenquerschnitt besitzt, sowie aufgrund der integrierten Faseranordnung eine höhere Steifigkeit besitzt, durch die der Steifigkeitsverlust, der durch das Abdrehen des Außenquerschnitt des Stabelementes bewirkt wurde, kompensiert oder überkompensiert wird.As shown in FIG. 3 can the polygonal pole elements, according to the representations in the Figures 1 and 2 be processed in such a way that arise from the multi-edged bar elements 1 as such, which also have a round outer cross-section 5. This can be realized by turning the polygonal tubes on their outside until the desired round outer cross section 5 has been created. The existing in this context problem of a reduced due to the outer turning of the outer cross section of the rod member 1 wall thickness, as shown in FIG FIG. 3 be remedied by the fact that in the interior of the rod element 1, a round inner tube is introduced, which is provided with an outer sheath. The outer jacket is applied with the interposition of a release layer from the outside to the inner tube and usually consists of resin or plastic or of a composite material of these materials, in addition to glass, carbon or carbon fibers are further incorporated in this outer jacket for further stiffening in this outer jacket for further stiffening. These fibers can be introduced in a simple manner in the form of a wound around the inner tube fabric mat in the outer jacket or else be incorporated as individual fibers in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction in the outer shell. After curing of the outer jacket, the inner tube can be easily pulled out of the rod member 1 due to the intermediate separation layer, which thus has a round inner cross-section, and due to the integrated fiber assembly has a higher rigidity, by the stiffness loss caused by the twisting of the outer cross section of the rod element was caused, compensated or overcompensated.

Alternativ kann gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 4 zunächst die Außenfläche des Außenquerschnittes des Stabelementes 1 durch das Aufbringen einer jeweils weiteren Bambusleiste 6 verstärkt und erst dann das Stabelement 1 abgedreht werden, bis wiederum ein runder Außenquerschnitt 5 erreicht ist. Dies mit dem Unterschied, dass die auf diesem Weg erlangte Wandstärke des Stabelementes 1 gegenüber der Ausführung in Figur 3 deutlich verstärkt ist.Alternatively, as shown in FIG FIG. 4 First, the outer surface of the outer cross section of the rod member 1 is reinforced by the application of a respective further bamboo strip 6 and only then the rod element 1 are turned off, until in turn a round outer cross section 5 is reached. This with the difference that the obtained in this way wall thickness of the rod element 1 with respect to the execution in FIG. 3 is significantly strengthened.

Die Stabelemente 1 gemäß den Darstellungen in den Figuren 1-4 können bedarfsweise mittels geeigneter Innenverstärkungen verstärkt und versteift werden, wobei gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 5 ein dreieckförmiges Innenrohr 7 verwendet wurde, das vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus Bambus gefertigt ist und analog dadurch hergestellt ist, dass die Bambusleisten zur Herstellung des Innenrohrs 7 im Bereich ihrer Längskanten 3' - etwa durch eine geeignete Klebeverbindung - miteinander verbunden sind. Dieses Innenrohr 7 ist im Sinne einer Presspassung in das Stabelement 1 zu dessen Versteifung eingeführt und bewirkt dementsprechend eine höhere Belastbarkeit des Stabelementes 1. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Innenraum der Stabelemente 1 auch mit einer Füllmasse ausgefüllt werden, beispielsweise ausgeschäumt werden, wobei in diesem Zusammenhang entweder nur der Innenraum des Innenrohres 7 oder der gesamte Innenraum des Stabelementes 1 ausgefüllt bzw. ausgeschäumt werden kann.The rod elements 1 as shown in the Figures 1-4 can, if necessary, be reinforced and stiffened by means of suitable internal reinforcements, wherein, as shown in FIG FIG. 5 a triangular inner tube 7 was used, which is preferably also made of bamboo and is produced analogously in that the bamboo strips for the production of the inner tube 7 in the region of their longitudinal edges 3 '- are connected to each other - for example by a suitable adhesive connection. This inner tube 7 is introduced in the sense of a press fit in the rod element 1 to the stiffening and accordingly causes a higher load capacity of the rod element 1. Alternatively or additionally, the interior of the rod elements 1 can also be filled with a filler, for example, foamed, in this context either only the interior of the inner tube 7 or the entire interior of the rod element 1 can be filled or filled with foam.

Figur 6 zeigt ebenfalls in einer perspektivischen Ansicht ein noch nicht fertiggestelltes Stabelement. FIG. 6 also shows in a perspective view a not yet completed rod element.

Gemäß der perspektivischen Darstellung in Figur 7 können mehrere Stabelemente 1, mittels geeigneter Verbindungselemente zusammengefügt werden. Gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 7 können Innenhohlkörper 10, bei denen es sich wieder um Stabelemente 1,1' gemäß der Erfindung handeln kann, aber nicht muss, in den definierten Innenquerschnitt eines Stabelementes 1 formschlüssig eingeschoben werden und zwar so, dass der Innenhohlkörper 10 gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 7 b) einen Überstand 11 gegenüber dem einen Stabelement 1 ausbildet, bevor dann analog das andere Stabelement 1' auf den Innenhohlkörper 10 aufgesteckt wird und somit eine Verbindung der beiden Stabelemente 1,1' gemäß Fig. 7 c) hergestellt ist.According to the perspective view in FIG. 7 If several rod elements 1 can be joined together by means of suitable connecting elements. As shown in FIG. 7 can hollow body 10, which may again be bar elements 1,1 'according to the invention, but need not be inserted positively in the defined inner cross section of a rod element 1 in such a way that the inner hollow body 10 as shown in FIG FIG. 7b) an overhang 11 with respect to the one bar element 1 is formed, before then analogously the other bar element 1 'is fitted onto the hollow body 10 and thus a connection of the two bar elements 1,1' according to Fig. 7c) is made.

Dabei können die Innenhohlkörper 10 zur Herstellung der Verbindung zwischen zwei Stabelementen 1,1' mehr oder minder beliebig ausgeformt sein, also beispielsweise als Winkelelement oder als Kurvenelement, so dass auch winklige oder kurvige Verbindungen zwischen mehreren Stabelementen 1,1' gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 8 denkbar sind. Dabei können kurvige Verbindungen nur unter Verwendung spezieller, jedenfalls nicht aus Bambus hergestellter, Verbindungselemente, etwa aus Druckguss oder im 3D-Druck hergestellt, realisiert werden. Im einzelnen zeigt Figur 8, jeweils in einer perspektivischen Darstellung, die unterschiedlichen Verbindungsstadien zwischen zwei an der Verbindung beteiligten Stabelementen 1, 1', die gemäß der Explosionsdarstellung bzw. in der Darstellung vor Ausbildung der Verbindung gemäß Figur 8 a) durch einen Innenhohlkörper 10 miteinander verbunden werden können, der in diesem Falle als Winkelelement unter Ausbildung eines rechten Winkels ausgebildet ist.In this case, the inner hollow body 10 can be more or less arbitrarily shaped to produce the connection between two rod elements 1,1 ', so for example as an angular element or as a cam element, so that even angular or curvy connections between a plurality of rod elements 1,1' as shown in FIG FIG. 8 are conceivable. In this case, curvy connections can only be realized using special, at least not made of bamboo, fasteners, such as die-cast or produced in 3D printing. In detail shows FIG. 8 in each case in a perspective view, the different connecting stages between two bar elements 1, 1 'involved in the connection, which according to the exploded view or in the illustration before the connection according to FIG FIG. 8 a) can be interconnected by an inner hollow body 10, which is formed in this case as an angle element to form a right angle.

Dabei wird zunächst gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 8 b) der Innenhohlkörper 10 zumindest abschnittsweise in das Stabelement 1 eingeführt, bevor dann gemäß Figur 8 c) auch das andere Stabelement 1' zumindest teilweise auf den Innenhohlkörper 10 aufgesteckt wird, und schließlich durch vollständiges Aufstecken der beiden an der Verbindung beteiligten Stabelemente 1, 1' eine geschlossene Verbindung zwischen den beiden Stabelementen 1,1' derart hergestellt ist, dass letztlich durch die Ausbildung der Verbindung ein Winkelelement hergestellt ist.In this case, first according to the illustration in FIG. 8b) the inner hollow body 10 at least partially introduced into the rod element 1 before then according to Figure 8 c) and the other rod member 1 'is at least partially attached to the inner hollow body 10, and finally by completely plugging the two rod elements involved in the connection 1, 1' a closed connection between the two rod elements 1,1 'is made such that ultimately an angle element is made by the formation of the connection.

Durch die Auswahl geeigneter Verbindungselemente können auch beliebige andere Konstruktionen hergestellt werden. So zeigt Figur 9 die einzelnen Schritte der Ausbildung einer Kreuzverbindung, indem im einzelnen vier Stabelemente 1 unter Einsatz eines zentralen Kreuzverbinders 12 dadurch hergestellt werden, dass auf die einzelnen Anschlussstücke des Kreuzverbinders 12 jeweils die bereits erläuterten Stabelemente 1 aufgesteckt werden.By selecting suitable fasteners, any other constructions can be made. So shows FIG. 9 the individual steps of the formation of a cross-connection, by four rod elements 1 in detail using a central cross connector 12 are made by the fact that each of the individual connection pieces of the cross connector 12, the already described rod elements 1 are plugged.

Durch diese und vergleichbare Konstruktionen können mehr oder minder beliebige Fachwerke, Gitter-Konstruktionen, Rahmenwerke, räumliche Körper oder im Falle von Verbindungselementen mit integrierten Gelenken auch räumlich veränderliche Körper bzw. gelenkige Verbindungen hergestellt werden.By means of these and comparable constructions, more or less arbitrary frameworks, lattice constructions, frameworks, spatial bodies or, in the case of connection elements with integrated joints, also spatially variable bodies or articulated connections can be produced.

Im Zusammenhang mit der Ausbildung komplexerer Konstruktionen, ausgedehnter Konstruktionen wie etwa von Rahmenwerken oder räumlichen Körpern hat es sich bewährt, wenn die einzelnen Verbindungselemente mit Muffen zur stirnseitigen Aufnahme der erfindungsgemäßen Stabelemente 1 versehen sind, so dass diese in ihrem Endbereich stabilisiert sind und ein etwaiges Ausbrechen des Stabelementes 1 im Endbereich vermieden wird bzw. hierdurch die Verbindung nur unwesentlich beeinträchtigt wird.. Auch in Verbindung mit einfachen Konstruktionen haben sich derartige Verbindungen als belastbar erwiesen.In connection with the formation of more complex constructions, extended constructions such as frameworks or spatial bodies, it has proven useful if the individual connecting elements are provided with sleeves for the frontal receiving the rod elements 1 according to the invention, so that they are stabilized in their end and a possible breaking out of the rod element 1 is avoided in the end region or thereby the connection is only insignificantly impaired .. Also in connection with simple constructions, such compounds have proven to be resilient.

Außerdem können mithilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Stabelemente 1, 1', die mittels geeigneter Klebeverbindungen zu einer Verbund- oder Wabenanordnung 13 gemäß Figur 10 zusammengefügt werden können, Wandstrukturen beliebiger Form und Wandstärke hergestellt werden. Dabei können die einzelnen Stabelemente 1, 1' zur Ausbildung der Wandstruktur, erforderlichenfalls wiederum mit Versteifungen, wie vorstehend ausgeführt, versehen werden oder bedarfsweise mit Versteifungsmaterial oder mit Dämmmaterial gefüllt werden.In addition, by means of the inventive rod elements 1, 1 ', by means of suitable adhesive bonds to a composite or honeycomb assembly 13 according to FIG. 10 can be assembled together, wall structures of any shape and wall thickness can be produced. In this case, the individual rod elements 1, 1 'for forming the wall structure, if necessary, in turn, with stiffeners, as stated above, be provided or, if necessary, filled with stiffening material or with insulating material.

Dabei müssen in die Wabenstruktur 13 gemäß der Darstellung in Figur 11 nicht zwingend grundsätzlich geschlossene Stabelemente 1, 1' eingefügt sein. Vielmehr können alternativ auch offene Stabelemente 14, oder geschlossene Halbstäbe 15 integriert sein, beispielsweise um einen definierten Wandabschluss erzeugen zu können.It must be in the honeycomb structure 13 as shown in FIG FIG. 11 not necessarily fundamentally closed rod elements 1, 1 'be inserted. Rather, alternatively, open bar elements 14, or closed half bars 15 may be integrated, for example, to produce a defined wall finish can.

Die in den Figuren 10 und 11 dargestellten Wabenanordnungen 13 werden üblicherweise insbesondere im konstruktiven Baubereich mit Vorteil mit einer beidseitigen oder einseitigen Beplankung versehen bzw. sogleich in Sandwichbauweise unter Zwischenlage der Wabenanordnung hergestellt. Dabei kann diese Sandwichbauweise bereits unter Zwischenlage von Dämm- oder Isolationsmaterialien erfolgen, gegebenenfalls unter Auslassung von etwa für Installationen erforderlichen Kanälen.The in the Figures 10 and 11 illustrated honeycomb assemblies 13 are usually provided in particular in the structural field with advantage with a two-sided or one-sided planking or readily produced in sandwich construction with the interposition of the honeycomb arrangement. This sandwich construction can already be done with the interposition of insulation or insulation materials, possibly omitting any required for installations channels.

BEZUGSZEICHENLISTELIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1'1, 1 '
Stabelementrod element
22
Leistestrip
3, 3'3, 3 '
Längskantelongitudinal edge
44
runder Innenquerschnittround inner cross-section
55
runder Außenquerschnittround outer cross section
66
weitere Bambusleisteanother bamboo strip
77
Innenrohrinner tube
1010
InnenhohlkörperInside the hollow body
1111
ÜberstandGot over
1212
Kreuzverbindercross connector
1313
Wabenanordnunghoneycomb arrangement
1414
offenes Stabelementopen rod element
1515
Halbstabhalf staff

Claims (18)

  1. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') as a construction element, wherein the bar element (1, 1') consists of a plurality of strips (2), preferably made of bamboo, and is formed at least in sections as a hollow element, wherein the interior of the hollow element is formed at least in sections as a hollow fillet by means of plastic or resin introduced into the bar element (1, 1'),
    characterized in that the bar element (1, 1') is internally coated with an introduced plastic and/or resin and, in a further step, a movable piston having a round outer cross-section is moved through the interior of the bar element (1, 1') or by means of an inner tube coated with a separating agent, which is externally coated with a plastic and/or resin outer sheath, preferably fiber-reinforced, wherein said inner tube is removed by being pulled from the bar element (1, 1') after a curing process of the outer sheath has been completed, and the bar element (1, 1') is thus able to be reproducibly produced in the form of a hollow fillet in each case with an internal cross-section having defined dimensions.
  2. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer sheath of the inner tube is applied from the outside to the inner tube by interposing a separating layer, the inner tube provided with the outer sheath is introduced into the interior of the bar element (1, 1'), the outer sheath is cured and then the inner tube is pulled out of the bar element (1, 1') leaving the outer sheath in the bar element (1, 1'), and then the bar element (1) is reinforced with glass or carbon fibers in the longitudinal or transverse direction and/or by forming a lattice fabric structure.
  3. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that strips (2) with a trapezoidal cross-section, which are connected to one another, are used for producing the bar element (1, 1').
  4. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 3, characterized in that bar elements (1, 1') with a preferably hexagonal or octagonal cross-section are produced from six or eight strips (2) which are preferably connected by means of an adhesive connection and which are each connected to one another along their longitudinal edges (3, 3') in such a way that they complement one another to form the closed bar element (1, 1').
  5. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the longitudinal sides (3, 3') of the strips (2) for forming the bar elements (1, 1') are formed flat.
  6. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner contour of the bar elements (1, 1') is embossed in each case with the aid of the shaped body movable through the interior of the bar element (1, 1'), optionally also in sections, and thus in particular a round, triangular or quadrangular inner contour is embossed.
  7. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner contour of the bar element (1, 1') is formed, optionally also in sections, by means of an inner tube, inner square, inner triangular or other inner hollow body (10) inserted into the interior of the bar element (1, 1').
  8. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 7, characterized in that, by means of an inner hollow body (10) projecting beyond the end face of a bar element (1, 1'), another following bar element (1, 1'), which can be plugged onto said projection (11) of the inner hollow body (10) and/or is otherwise connectable to said inner hollow body (10), is connected non-positively and/or positively to the one bar element (1, 1'), wherein at least the end section of the projection (11) of the inner hollow body (10) fulfils the function of a connecting piece for the other bar element (1, 1') to be fitted onto this connecting piece.
  9. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that corner or curved connections are produced between two bar elements (1, 1') involved in this connection in each case by means of an angled or cranked inner hollow body (10).
  10. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims 6-8, characterized in that a plurality of bar elements (1, 1') are joined together by means of one or more inner hollow bodies (10), which in turn are optionally provided with a plurality of connecting pieces, to form polygonal structures, lattice structures, spatial bodies, geometric bodies or framework structures.
  11. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims 7-10, characterized in that the bar elements (1, 1') are connected by means of the inner hollow bodies (10), wherein in each case a connecting region of the inner hollow bodies (10) lying between the connected bar elements (1, 1') is provided with in each case at least one articulated connection.
  12. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims 7-11, characterized in that separate connecting elements, comprising at least two spaced-apart sleeve sections, are fitted onto the projections (11) of the inner hollow bodies (10) in such a way that the end face sections of the inner hollow bodies (10) are in each case positively accommodated in said sleeve sections.
  13. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims 7-12, characterized in that the inner hollow body tubes (10), articulated connections, connecting elements and/or sleeve sections are produced in each case by a 3D printing method or from die casting.
  14. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that semicircular and/or other semi-open bar elements (1, 1') are also produced by means of the strips (2) which are preferably made of bamboo.
  15. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of bar elements (1, 1') are also joined together along their outer contour to form composite bar arrangements, for example for the construction of honeycomb-like wall structures (13).
  16. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 15, characterized in that also open (14) or closed bar elements or also closed half-bar elements (15) are also used for producing the composite bar arrangement.
  17. Method for producing a bar element (1, 1') according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the composite rod arrangement is planked on one or both sides and/or provided in sandwich construction with such a double-sided outer planking, optionally by interposing insulating material and/or stiffening materials.
  18. Bar element produced according to claim 1, which consists of a plurality of strips (2), preferably produced from bamboo, and is formed at least in sections as a hollow element, wherein the interior of the hollow element is formed at least in sections as a hollow fillet by means of plastic or resin introduced into the bar element (1, 1'), characterized in that
    the bar element (1, 1') is coated on the inside with an introduced plastic and/or resin, into which by means of a movable piston with a round outer cross-section, which has been moved through the interior of the bar element (1, 1') or by means of an inner tube coated with a separating agent, which is coated on the outside with a preferably fiber-reinforced plastic and/or resin outer sheath, wherein this inner tube was removed from the bar element (1, 1') by pulling it out after a curing process of the outer sheath has been completed, and the bar element (1, 1') is thus provided in each case with an inner cross-section of defined dimensions in the form of a hollow fillet.
EP16781278.3A 2015-08-14 2016-08-12 Bar element Active EP3334576B1 (en)

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WO2017028841A1 (en) 2017-02-23
AU2016309920B2 (en) 2021-06-10
CA2994481C (en) 2021-08-31
CA2994481A1 (en) 2017-02-23
HK1252118A1 (en) 2019-05-17
JP2018528889A (en) 2018-10-04
AU2016309920A1 (en) 2018-02-22
EP3334576A1 (en) 2018-06-20
JP6835842B2 (en) 2021-02-24
DK3334576T3 (en) 2020-01-02
DE112016003711A5 (en) 2018-05-09
KR20180042270A (en) 2018-04-25
DE202015104295U1 (en) 2015-10-05
CN107921657A (en) 2018-04-17
US20180238054A1 (en) 2018-08-23
CN107921657B (en) 2020-05-12
US10920423B2 (en) 2021-02-16
PL3334576T3 (en) 2020-04-30
ES2762952T3 (en) 2020-05-26

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