Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/017—Head mounted
  • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/017—Head mounted
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
  • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
  • G02B2027/0134—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/017—Head mounted
  • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
  • G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/017—Head mounted
  • G02B2027/0178—Eyeglass type

Definitions

• the invention is based on a device or a method according to the preamble of the independent claims.
• the subject of the present invention is also a computer program.
• One expected trend in the future is the wearing of data glasses, which can display virtual image information in the field of view of a user.
• data glasses which can display virtual image information in the field of view of a user.
• newer concepts follow the approach of overlaying virtual image content with the environment.
• the superimposition of virtual image content with the still perceived environment is referred to as augmented reality.
• an application is fading in
• the measures listed in the dependent claims are advantageous developments and improvements in the independent
• a projection device for data glasses wherein the projection device has the following features: at least one light source for emitting a light beam; and at least one holographic element disposed on or disposable on a spectacle lens of the data goggles for projecting an image on a retina of a user of the data goggles by redirecting and / or focusing the light beam onto an eye lens of the user.
• a light source may be understood to mean a light-emitting element such as a light-emitting diode, laser diode or organic light-emitting diode or an arrangement of a plurality of such light-emitting elements.
• the light source can be designed to emit light of different wavelengths.
• the light beam may be used to generate a plurality of
• the light beam can scan the retina, for example, in rows and columns or in the form of Lissajous patterns and can be pulsed accordingly.
• a spectacle lens can be understood a made of a transparent material such as glass or plastic disc element.
• the spectacle lens may be formed, for example, as a correction lens or have a tint for filtering light of specific wavelengths, such as UV light.
• a holographic element may, for example, be understood to mean a holographic-optical component, HOE for short, which can fulfill the function of a lens, a mirror or a prism.
• HOE holographic-optical component
• the holographic element for certain colors and angles of incidence can be selective.
• the holographic element can fulfill optical functions that can be used with simple point light sources in the holographic element can be imprinted. As a result, the holographic element can be produced very inexpensively.
• the holographic element can be transparent. Thereby can
• Image information on the spectacle lens can be overlaid with the environment.
• the approach presented here is based on the finding that a light beam can be directed onto a retina of a wearer of the data goggles by a holographic element arranged on a spectacle lens of a data goggle in such a way that the wearer perceives a sharp virtual image.
• the image may be projected directly onto the retina by scanning a laser beam through a micromirror and the holographic element.
• Such a projection device can be built in a small space
• the projection device may comprise at least one reflection element for reflecting the light beam onto the holographic element.
• a reflection element for example, a mirror, in particular a micromirror or an array of micromirrors, or a hologram can be understood.
• a beam path of the light beam can be adapted to given spatial conditions.
• the reflection element can be realized as a micromirror.
• the micromirror can be designed to be movable, for example, have a mirror surface which can be tilted about at least one axis.
• Such a reflection element offers the advantage of a particularly compact design. It is also advantageous if the reflection element is designed to change an angle of incidence and, additionally or alternatively, a point of impact of the light beam on the holographic element. As a result, the holographic element can be scanned flat, in particular approximately in rows and columns, with the light beam.
• the holographic element can have at least one first projection area associated with a first viewing direction of the user and one outside the first
• the reflection element can be designed to reflect the light beam onto the first projection area area and the second projection area area.
• Projection area can be a subsection of a while wearing the
• Projection area areas may partially or completely overlap or be spatially separated from each other.
• This embodiment has the advantage that the light beam can be fanned out into different regions functioning as alternative imaging paths using only one light source.
• an eye-tracking unit for detecting eye movements can be dispensed with, whereby the manufacturing cost of the projection device can be reduced.
• the projection device according to a further embodiment, at least one optical element for deflecting and / or
• the optical element may also be a holographic element.
• a mirror or a lens as an optical element.
• the projection device can at least one Kollimationselement for
• a collimating element may, for example, be understood as a lens acting as a collimator for the collimating of the light beam.
• the light beam can be directed in a straight line as possible to the holographic element or the reflection element.
• Eye lens is, whereby the user perceives the image even when focusing on different levels in real space still sharp.
• the light source has at least one laser diode.
• the light source may be three laser diodes for emitting
• the approach proposed here also provides data glasses with the following features; a spectacle lens; and a projection apparatus according to any of those described herein
• Embodiments wherein the holographic element is arranged on the spectacle lens.
• the holographic element for shaping and redirecting an RGB laser scanned over a reflection element in the form of a micromirror, a sharp image on the retina can be obtained to be written. According to one embodiment, this serves
• Reflection element not only to write the lines and columns of the image, but also to the partial or complete spatial separation of different lying in the field of view of the eye imaging paths.
• these imaging paths after the spatial separation can be partially manipulated by means of further holographic elements in order to adapt the light beams to the optical function of the shared holographic element located on the spectacle lens.
• holograms for example, sharp laser spots can be generated in each of the imaging paths, with which a sharply resolved image can be written on the retina of the user.
• holographic element two or more imaging paths are generated.
• the use of only three laser sources has the advantage, for example, that the holographic element can only be designed for three very widely spaced wavelengths, whereby the respective optical functions can be effectively separated from one another.
• the approach proposed here provides a method for operating a projection device according to one of the embodiments described above, the method comprising the following steps:
• the light source is activated in the step of driving in order to emit the light beam pulsed.
• a multiplicity of different pixels can be generated on the retina.
• a perceived beam diameter of the light beam can be reduced.
• This method can be implemented, for example, in software or hardware or in a mixed form of software and hardware, for example in a control unit.
• the approach presented here also provides a control unit which is designed to implement the steps of a variant of a method presented here
• a control device can be understood as meaning an electrical device which processes sensor signals and outputs control and / or data signals in dependence thereon.
• the control unit may have an interface, which may be formed in hardware and / or software. In a hardware training, the interfaces may for example be part of a so-called system ASICs, the various functions of the
• Control unit includes. However, it is also possible that the interfaces are their own integrated circuits or at least partially consist of discrete components. In a software training, the
• Interfaces software modules that are available for example on a microcontroller in addition to other software modules.
• a computer program product or computer program with program code which can be stored on a machine-readable carrier or storage medium such as a semiconductor memory, a hard disk memory or an optical memory and for carrying out, implementing and / or controlling the steps of the method according to one of the above
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a projection device according to an embodiment
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a projection device with a movable reflection element according to an embodiment
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a projection device with a plurality of imaging paths according to an embodiment
• Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of a data glasses according to
• FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for operating a
• Projection device according to one embodiment.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a projection device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment. Shown is the basic operation of a data glasses based on a holographic element 102nd Die
• Projection device 100 has a light source 104 for emitting a
• the light source 104 is, for example, a laser diode.
• the holographic element 102 is attached to a spectacle lens of the data glasses, not shown here, and is designed to deflect or focus the light beam 106 such that the light beam 106 passes through an eye lens
• a pixel 111 such as a laser spot.
• a micromirror is used as a reflection element 112 in a beam path of the light beam 106 between the light source 104 and the holographic element 102.
• the reflection element 112 reflects the light beam 106 in FIG. 1 in such a way on a surface of the holographic element 102 facing the user's eye that the light beam 106 strikes the retina 110 approximately centrally therefrom.
• an optional collimating element 114 realized as an example as a collimating lens is arranged, which serves to emit the light emitted by the light source 104
• Parallel beam light beam 106 so that it meets the reflection element 112 in a substantially straight line.
• the projection device 100 uses the retina of the human eye as a projection surface and writes an image directly on the retina.
• the individual light beam 106 can be shaped in such a way that its natural, Gaussian widening in the space and thus its beam diameter on the retina is reduced.
• the light of a laser diode is collimated as light source 104 by means of a lens as collimation element 114 and guided in the direction of a micromirror as reflection element 112.
• Reflection element 112 deflects the light in the direction of the holographic element 102.
• the light beam 106 will run through the Gaussian propagation to a bottleneck in space and then widen again.
• the holographic element 102 located on the spectacle lens acts as a deflecting and focusing element.
• the light beam 106 is reshaped there and directed toward the eye. When passing through the eye lens 108 of the light beam 106 is hardly affected because the beam diameter only for
• Illumination of a very small part of the eye lens 108 leads.
• Projection device 100 a sufficiently small beam diameter can be achieved. If the reflection element 112 is moved, as explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 2, it scans the light beam 106 via the holographic element 102, which in turn deflects the light beam 106 in the direction of the eye. Due to the consequent oblique incidence of the light beam 106 through the eye lens 108, the point of impact on the retina 110 is correspondingly shifted. The reflection element 112 thus likewise scans across the retina 110. By rapidly switching the light source 104 on and off at the respective points of the retina 110 to be illuminated with pixels, an image is now written on the retina 110.
• the holographic element 102 processes the different wavelengths of the three primary colors of an image largely independently of one another.
• an optical function assigned to a first color does not exert any disturbing influence on an optical function of the holographic element 102 associated with a second color.
• one requirement of data glasses systems is that the eye lens 108 can be moved without the perceived
• Image information is lost. If the eye rotates, it may happen that the eye lens 108 moves out of the area of the laser beam and thus the image is lost.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a projection device 100 with a movable reflection element 112 according to one exemplary embodiment.
• the Projection device 100 is, for example, a projection device described with reference to FIG.
• the reflection element 112 according to FIG. 2 is designed to be movable.
• the reflection element 112 has an at least one axis movable
• Reflection element 112 can be controlled by a control unit 200.
• the controller 200 is configured to provide an activation signal 202 for activating the light source 104 to the light source 104 and a control signal 204 for controlling the light source 104
• Reflection element 112 to the reflection element 112 to send.
• controller 200 as a component of
• Projection device 100 realized.
• Fig. 2 illustrates the principle of scanning the retina 110. If the reflection element 112 is moved from its initial position, the holographic element 102 is illuminated due to the changed angle of incidence and the changed impact point at a different location. The light beam 106 is further guided by the eye lens 108, but now it encounters another point of the retina 110. A changed by adjustment of the reflection element 112 beam path of the light beam 106 is indicated by dashed lines. In this way, one can be on the retina 110th
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a projection apparatus 100 with a plurality of imaging paths according to an exemplary embodiment.
• Projection device 100 essentially corresponds to a projection device described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, with the difference that the surface of holographic element 102 according to this embodiment is in a first projection surface 301 associated with a first viewing direction 300 of the eye, a second viewing direction 302 of the eye associated second projection surface 303 and one of a third Viewing direction 304 of the eye associated third projection surface 305 for projecting the light beam 106 is divided onto the retina 110, wherein the three projection surfaces 301, 303, 305 may overlap or be separated from each other.
• the first projection surface 301 which corresponds by way of example to a beam path of the light beam 106 shown in FIG. 1, is between the second
• Projection surface 303 and the third projection surface 305 arranged.
• the reflection element 112 is designed to direct or focus the light beam 106 alternately or simultaneously onto one of the three projection surfaces 301, 303, 305.
• the projection surfaces 301, 303, 305 By means of the projection surfaces 301, 303, 305 several imaging paths for the pupil of the eye can be generated simultaneously.
• the eye lens 108 continues to capture the light beam 106 to allow the image information to continue to be imaged on the retina 110 and thus perceived by the user.
• Such subdivision of the surface of the holographic element 102 into a plurality of projection surfaces further enables the imaging of partial images of a stereoscopic image. Scanning areas for such partial images are marked in FIG. 3 in each case with a double arrow.
• the projection device 100 according to this specification.
• a first optical element 306 for deflecting or focusing the light reflected by the reflection element 112 light beam 106 on the second projection surface 303 and a second optical element 308 for deflecting or focusing the light reflected from the reflection element 112 light beam 106 on the third projection surface 305 on.
• the two optical elements 306, 308 are realized, for example, as holographic elements.
• Light beam 106 is not approximated as a propagating, single Gaussian beam, but as a line-shaped, thin, parallel beam. The on the
• Reflecting element 112 meeting collimated light beam 106 is thereby of the moving reflection element 112 in different directions distracted.
• the adjustment angle of the reflection element 112 is subdivided into a plurality of angular ranges, within which the reflection element 112 is in each case adjustable in such a way that the entire image to be displayed can be written therein. So it is written several times a picture and in
• the individual images can be corrected in perspective.
• the holographic element 102 is, for example, in the region of the first
• Projection surface 301 is optimized so that when striking the light beam 106 on the retina 110 results in a sufficiently small beam diameter to write a high-resolution image can.
• Projection surfaces 303, 305 formed alternative imaging paths, which are shown here by way of example next to the middle path in the form of the first projection surface 301, cause the aperture of the eye lens 108 on rotation of the eye continues to allow projection of the light beam 106 on the retina 110. This creates a small eyebox, within which the image is perceptible to the eye. For example, the different imaging paths are offered constantly and simultaneously. As a result, it is no longer necessary to determine the exact position of the eye lens 108 in real time. So can be dispensed with a complex eye-tracking unit.
• additional holograms are located in the imaging path of the two outer paths as optical elements 306, 308, by means of which the light beam 106 is deflected and refocused, especially since
• the holographic element 102 is optimized for the middle imaging path.
• the optical elements 306, 308 adjust the beam shape of the laser beam 106 so as to have a small image even when viewing the holographic element 102 from the second viewing direction 302 and the third viewing direction 304
• the optical elements 306, 308 redirect the light beam 106 toward the holographic element 102 after the angle through the reflection element 112 has been increased.
• All images presented to the eye are generated, for example, using one and the same laser source, for example three laser sources in the primary colors red, green and blue. This has the advantage that the
• the holographic element 102 only needs to process these three colors. Via the alternative imaging paths, the light beam 106 strikes the holographic element 102 at a different location and at a different angle. This is automatically deflected by the slightly changed irradiation conditions in slightly different directions, whereby the eyebox for the eye lens can be generated. The beam quality is corrected by the optical elements 306, 308 placed in the alternative imaging paths.
• the system proves to be particularly flexible in the selection of the angle of incidence, under which the light beam 106 strikes the holographic element 102.
• the holographic element 102 is configured to process angles of incidence of over 80 degrees to the surface normal. This freedom can be created in the placement of the optical elements.
• holograms written in pixel-by-pixel or printed holograms 102 may also be used.
• more complex optical functions can be realized, which can be used for the correction of the beam quality, for example in order to reduce the spot diameter and thus achieve higher resolutions.
• the optical elements 306, 308 are alternatively realized as refractive optics or mirror optics. Will the
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a data goggle 400 with a projection device 100 described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 according to one exemplary embodiment.
• the data source has a spectacle lens 402, on which the holographic element 102 is arranged.
• the holographic element 102 is realized as part of the spectacle lens 402.
• the holographic element 102 is realized as a separate element and connected to the spectacle lens 402 by means of a suitable joining method.
• the data glasses proposed herein work with holographic elements to manipulate laser beams so that an image can be written on the user's retina.
• the laser beam should be a
• FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of a method 500 for operating a projection device according to an exemplary embodiment.
• the method 500 may, for example, be carried out in conjunction with a projection device described above with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4.
• a step 510 the activation of the light source takes place in order to emit the light beam.
• a control signal for controlling the reflection element is provided in a step 520.
• the reflection element can be adjusted so that the light beam is directed or focused on the holographic element, that from there it meets through the eye lens on the retina of the user and generates a sharp image there.
• the light source is driven such that the light beam is emitted pulsed at a certain frequency.
• the control signal may be provided synchronized with the pulse of the light beam.
• the light collimated by means of the collimating element is superimposed on three laser diodes of the light source and deflected via a moving micromirror as a reflection element.
• the Reflection element moves a laser beam over a projection surface in the form of the holographic element, the laser is quickly turned on and off to write pixels on the screen. After a run, the light beam has once moved over each spot of the screen and there or not supplied each pixel with light. This is the picture on the
• the light beam can be pulsed with very short pulses. Since the light beam scans across the retina, it has to be pulsed anyway to write the individual pixels. The intensity of the light beam on the retina points within the
• Beam diameter on a Gaussian profile If the laser is pulsed very briefly, the eye does not perceive the full width of this Gaussian profile, but only the area of the top of this profile. As a result, for example, only 20 ⁇ are perceived by a 60 ⁇ wide beam, which reduces the effective pixel size of the image and thus increases the resolution.
• a spot size of 20 ⁇ on the retina for example, allows
• a 3-D effect can be achieved, for example, by a mutual displacement of the two partial images.
• Conventional 3D display systems use a screen, such as a cinema screen, to which the eye is to focus. Even if an object in the image shifts toward or away from the viewer due to the 3-D effect, the eye should remain focused on the screen to focus on the subject.
• the eye from the environment is accustomed to refocusing to focus on the object plane, it can lead to discomfort and loss of 3-D impression in 3-dimensional vision.
• a very high depth of field can be achieved, which allows the eye to focus on another plane and still see the image in focus. This can reduce negative effects such as feeling unwell.
• it enlarges a usable area in which the objects are allowed to move in order to be perceived three-dimensionally.
• the method 500 is therefore particularly suitable for 3-D applications, also in combination with augmented reality.
• an exemplary embodiment comprises a "and / or" link between a first feature and a second feature, this is to be read such that the
• Embodiment according to an embodiment both the first feature and the second feature and according to another embodiment, either only the first feature or only the second feature.

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• 2015
  • 2015-07-16 DE DE102015213376.1A patent/DE102015213376A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2016
  • 2016-06-13 US US15/744,423 patent/US10712568B2/en active Active
  • 2016-06-13 CN CN201680053582.7A patent/CN108027516A/zh active Pending
  • 2016-06-13 WO PCT/EP2016/063444 patent/WO2017008971A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2016-06-13 EP EP16728688.9A patent/EP3323012A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2016-07-14 TW TW105122196A patent/TW201712371A/zh unknown

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