EP3322899A1 - Compressor and method for controlling the rotational speed thereof - Google Patents

Compressor and method for controlling the rotational speed thereof

Info

Publication number
EP3322899A1
EP3322899A1 EP16745062.6A EP16745062A EP3322899A1 EP 3322899 A1 EP3322899 A1 EP 3322899A1 EP 16745062 A EP16745062 A EP 16745062A EP 3322899 A1 EP3322899 A1 EP 3322899A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
speed
time
average
rotational speed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16745062.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3322899B1 (en
Inventor
Frank Georg Klaus
Norbert RHEINLÄNDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gardner Denver Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Gardner Denver Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gardner Denver Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Gardner Denver Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP3322899A1 publication Critical patent/EP3322899A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3322899B1 publication Critical patent/EP3322899B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/08—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by varying the rotational speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/08—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing
    • F04C18/12—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type
    • F04C18/14—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons
    • F04C18/16—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of intermeshing-engagement type, i.e. with engagement of co-operating members similar to that of toothed gearing of other than internal-axis type with toothed rotary pistons with helical teeth, e.g. chevron-shaped, screw type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F04C29/026—Lubricant separation

Definitions

  • the present invention initially relates to a method for controlling the speed of a compressor, by which in particular the rotational speed of a rotating compression element of the compressor is controlled. Furthermore, the invention relates to a compressor; For example, a compressor for generating compressed air.
  • DE 603 13 320 T2 shows a method for relieving a screw compressor, in which air is removed from the screw ⁇ compressor at a closed air inlet.
  • the DE 10 2013 111 218 Al teaches an electronic control ⁇ device for a component for generating compressed air.
  • the controller relies on models for the structure and behavior of the compressed air component.
  • DE 601 18 088 T2 shows a method for controlling a compressor system, in which the rotational speed of a lubricated compressor element is controlled.
  • the DE 601 15 671 T2 teaches an oil-injected screw-type compressor with a variable rotational speed, which is controlled from ⁇ continuously from a measurement of the speed and torque of the rotary ⁇ a compressor drive means.
  • the object of the present invention starting from the prior art is to permanently ensure the function of a compressor whose output power is variable by varying its speed while allowing efficient operation of the compressor.
  • the inventive method is used for speed control of a compressor.
  • the compressor is in particular ⁇ special to a compressor, which preferably serves to generate compressed air.
  • the operation of the compressor is characterized by a rotational speed, which is in particular the rotational speed of a rotatable compression element of the compressor.
  • the compressor should be operated during its operation at a speed which has an average value which is at least as large as a minimum mean value.
  • the speed is variable over time.
  • the mean value is an average value of the time-varying speed.
  • the permanent function of the compressor is guaranteed only if its speed in the longer term average is at least as large as the minimum mean value. This results from the fact that individual operations in the compressor, such as in particular an oil separation or lubrication, only to a sufficient extent, if the speed of the compressor in the longer term
  • Average is at least as large as the minimum mean.
  • a setpoint speed of the compressor is determined which is suitable for one of
  • Compressor to be achieved output power is necessary.
  • the output power to be achieved by the compressor is determined in particular by another process or by an operator of the
  • Compressor determines and is temporally changeable. Dement ⁇ speaking, the target speed is temporally variable.
  • a time average of the time-variable setpoint speed is determined.
  • the time average is the average target speed in the considered time period.
  • Compressor raised if the time average of the variable ⁇ target speed is less than the minimum mean value of the speed of the compressor.
  • the lower speed limit is a value that is not to be undershot by the speed of the compressor.
  • Compressor would be, so the function of the compressor would no longer be ensured because, for example, an oil separation would no longer be sufficient, whereby the oil content of a generated compressed air would be too large.
  • Increasing the lower speed limit causes the average speed of the compressor to increase causing the function of the compressor to increase
  • a particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that the compressor can be operated efficiently, since it can work at times even at low speeds, which are below a corresponding static lower speed limit, if a correspondingly low power ⁇ requirement exists.
  • the time average of the time-variable setpoint speed over a temporal monitoring interval is determined.
  • the time average of the setpoint speed thus represents the average setpoint speed in the monitoring interval.
  • the lower speed limit is raised upon expiry of the ⁇ wachungsintervalls if the time average of the variable target rotational speed is smaller than the minimum average of the speed of the compressor.
  • the lower speed limit immediately after the expiry of the
  • Average value of the speed of the compressor is. This ensures that the average speed of the compressor increases in the short term.
  • the time profile of the time-variable setpoint speed of the compressor is recorded during the monitoring interval. It is therefore not only the means ⁇ worth before the desired speed, but also the timing of the set speed.
  • the lower speed limit is raised to the end of the monitoring interval so far that the on ⁇ drawn time course of the time-varying setpoint speed at a restriction by the raised lower speed limit has a time average over the over ⁇ monitoring interval away, which is at least as large and more preferably the same large as the minimum mean ⁇ value of the speed of the compressor is.
  • the compressor in the following
  • Monitoring interval is operated with a same course of the output power to be achieved. If this is indeed the case, the average value of the speed of the compressor in this next monitoring interval will be at least as great or the same as the minimum average value of the speed. Consequently, on the one hand the function of the compressor is ensured and on the other hand, the speed of the
  • the method according to the invention preferably runs periodically, the periods corresponding in each case to the monitoring duration. In each of the periods, a determination is made of the time-variable setpoint speed of the compressor, a determination of the time average of the time-variable setpoint speed, and a raising of the lower speed limit, if the time The variable speed reference means is less than the minimum average speed of the compressor.
  • the method further comprises monitoring is carried out as often changes the time ⁇ Lich variable target rotational speed between an upper target speed and a lower nominal speed.
  • the upper target speed is preferably formed by the maximum speed of the compressor and corresponds to a full load operation.
  • the upper target speed is alternatively preferably 80% of the maximum speed of the compressor.
  • the lower setpoint speed is preferably formed by an idling speed.
  • the lower target speed is alternatively preferably 50% of the maximum speed of the compressor.
  • further lowering of an upper speed limit occurs if the change between the lower target speed and the upper target speed exceeds a predefined maximum number.
  • the lowered upper speed limit is smaller than the upper setpoint speed.
  • the compressor is operated at the target speed, however, the upper speed limit is not exceeded ⁇ .
  • the lowering of the upper speed limit causes the compressor less often between a very high speed, namely in particular the maximum speed, and a low speed, namely in particular the idle speed changes. Insofar as the output to be achieved ⁇ performance of the compressor often changes between high performance and low power, this also leads to a frequent change between the upper setpoint speed and the lower setpoint speed.
  • the speed of the compressor will follow these changes but not to the same extent, but vary in a middle range. This will reduce the wear of the
  • the predefined maximum number of bills of exchange is sized to make the compressor efficient
  • the described monitoring of how often the time-variable setpoint speed changes between the upper setpoint speed and the lower setpoint speed preferably takes place over the monitoring interval.
  • the compressor is preferably designed for compressing a medium, so that according to the invention a compression of the medium takes place.
  • the medium is preferably formed by a gas.
  • the gas is preferably formed by air, so that the compressor is designed to generate compressed air from the
  • Compressor is output.
  • the gas may, however, also be, for example, carbon dioxide or oxygen.
  • the medium to be compressed may also be, for example, an aerosol.
  • the compression of the medium takes place within the compressor preferably with intermeshing screw rotors, which form the compression elements.
  • the above-described rotation ⁇ number of the compressor represents the speed of the screw rotor.
  • the compressor can also with different types Compression elements, such as gears or pistons may be formed.
  • the compressor is preferably operated with a fluid as a lubricant and / or with a fluid as a coolant.
  • Fluid is preferably formed by oil and / or water.
  • a separation of the compressed gas from the fluid for which a separator is used.
  • the inventive raising the lower speed limit, if the time average of the variable target speed is less than the minimum average value of the speed of the compressor, is preferably to ensure the separation of the compressed gas from the fluid using the separator permanently, ie to the function of the separator permanently to ensure ⁇ afford.
  • the time-varying output power to be achieved is preferably represented by a volume flow of the medium compressed by the compressor.
  • the speed of the compressor and the volume flow are directly dependent on each other.
  • the achievable, time-varying output power can also be represented by a pressure.
  • the compressor according to the invention serves to compress a
  • Medium It comprises at least one rotatable compression ⁇ element and a motor for driving the at least one rotatable compression element.
  • the compressor is to operate during its operation at a speed which has an average value at least as large as a minimum
  • the compressor further comprises a speed control, which is used to carry out the method according to the invention is configured.
  • the speed control is preferably configured for off ⁇ guide preferred embodiments of the inventive method.
  • the compressor according to the invention preferably also has such features that in
  • the compressor is preferably formed by a screw compressor, for which purpose it comprises at least two of the rotatable compression elements, which by interlocking
  • Screw rotors are formed.
  • the compressor is preferably designed with a fluid as lubricant and / or a fluid as coolant
  • the fluid is preferably oil and / or
  • the compressor preferably comprises a separator for separating the fluid from the compressed gas.
  • the separator is preferably formed by a pre-separator and / or by a fine separator.
  • the control is preferably formed by a microcontroller, which converts the individual control steps and generates the control signal.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is formed by an oil-injected screw compressor for compressing air.
  • the compressed air is emitted as compressed air.
  • the screw compressor comprises a compressor stage, into which oil is injected for lubrication and cooling, and after the compression of the air on a pressure side of the
  • Screw compressor is separated from the compressed air.
  • the screw compressor for this purpose includes a pre-separator, with which the compressed air is separated from the oil, wherein the
  • residual fluid content small proportion of oil particles, which is referred to as residual fluid content.
  • the residual fluid content is about 1 to 5 mg
  • the fine separator only works in a limited way
  • volume flow window to a sufficient extent. If this volume flow window is left, this manifests itself after a short time
  • the volume flow of the screw compressor is at a minimum speed of the screw compressor below the minimum volume flow of the fine separator.
  • the amount of compressed air supplied by the screw compressor can be selected and changed by the operator.
  • compressed air delivery quantity repre sented ⁇ a maximum output power, which is variable with time.
  • the speed of the screw compressor and the compressed air ⁇ delivery quantity, ie the flow rate of the compressor are directly dependent on each other. Depends on the time course of the air output is automatically affect the speed limits, that is taken according to the invention based on this Frequency ⁇ distribution to a lower speed limit and an upper speed limit. The speed of the screw compressor is subsequently between the lower and the upper speed limit.
  • the number of changes from a load to an idle is determined according to the invention. If this number exceeds a predefined maximum number, the upper speed limit is lowered, so that the maximum volume flow decreases, with the result that the screw compressor changes less frequently from load to idling. A frequent change between load and idle would lead to a reduction in energy efficiency due to pressure relief ⁇ processes, which is prevented according to the invention. This is particularly relevant for such compressors in which the volume flow to be achieved is much lower than that
  • the speed control system generates new consumption profiles at regular intervals in order to re-adjust the speed limits when the compressed air demand changes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention first relates to a method for controlling the rotational speed of a compressor, wherein the method is used in particular to control the rotational speed of a rotating compression element of the compressor. The invention further relates to a compressor, for example a compressor for generating compressed air. During operation, the compressor is to be operated at a rotational speed which has an average value that is at least as large as a minimum average value in order to ensure the function of the compressor. According to the method, a compressor target rotational speed which can change over time is determined, said target rotational speed being necessary for an output which is to be achieved by the compressor and which can be change over time. A time average of the target rotational speed which can change over time is determined. According to the invention, a lower rotational speed threshold is raised if the time average of the target rotational speed which can change over time is lower than the minimum average value of the rotational speed of the compressor.

Description

Kompressor und Verfahren zu dessen Drehzahlsteuerung  Compressor and method for its speed control
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft zunächst ein Verfahren zur Drehzahlsteuerung eines Kompressors, durch welches insbesondere die Drehzahl eines rotierenden Verdichtungselementes des Kompressors gesteuert wird. Im Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung einen Kompressor; beispielsweise einen Verdichter zum Erzeugen von Druckluft. The present invention initially relates to a method for controlling the speed of a compressor, by which in particular the rotational speed of a rotating compression element of the compressor is controlled. Furthermore, the invention relates to a compressor; For example, a compressor for generating compressed air.
Die DE 603 13 320 T2 zeigt ein Verfahren zum Entlasten eines Schraubenkompressors, bei welchem Luft aus dem Schrauben¬ kompressor bei einem geschlossenen Lufteinlass entfernt wird. Die DE 10 2013 111 218 AI lehrt eine elektronische Steuerungs¬ einrichtung für eine Komponente zur Drucklufterzeugung. Die Steuerungseinrichtung greift auf Modelle für die Struktur und für das Verhalten der Komponente zur Drucklufterzeugung zurück . DE 603 13 320 T2 shows a method for relieving a screw compressor, in which air is removed from the screw ¬ compressor at a closed air inlet. The DE 10 2013 111 218 Al teaches an electronic control ¬ device for a component for generating compressed air. The controller relies on models for the structure and behavior of the compressed air component.
Aus der DE 100 47 940 AI ist ein Verfahren zur Betriebssteuerung einer Schraubenkompressionseinrichtung bekannt, bei welchem die Drehfrequenz eines Motors der Schraubenkompressionseinrichtung geregelt wird. From DE 100 47 940 AI a method for controlling the operation of a screw compression device is known in which the rotational frequency of a motor of the screw compression device is controlled.
Die DE 601 18 088 T2 zeigt ein Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Verdichteranlage, bei welchem die Drehzahl eines geschmierten Verdichterelementes geregelt wird. Die DE 601 15 671 T2 lehrt einen öleingespritzten Schraubenverdichter mit veränderlicher Drehgeschwindigkeit, die aus¬ gehend von einer Messung der Geschwindigkeit und des Dreh¬ momentes eines Verdichterantriebsmittels gesteuert wird. Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht ausgehend vom Stand der Technik darin, die Funktion eines Kompressors, dessen Ausgangsleistung durch Variation seiner Drehzahl veränderbar ist, dauerhaft zu gewährleisten und gleichzeitig einen effizienten Betrieb des Kompressors zu ermöglichen. DE 601 18 088 T2 shows a method for controlling a compressor system, in which the rotational speed of a lubricated compressor element is controlled. The DE 601 15 671 T2 teaches an oil-injected screw-type compressor with a variable rotational speed, which is controlled from ¬ continuously from a measurement of the speed and torque of the rotary ¬ a compressor drive means. The object of the present invention, starting from the prior art is to permanently ensure the function of a compressor whose output power is variable by varying its speed while allowing efficient operation of the compressor.
Die genannte Aufgabe wird gelöst durch ein Verfahren gemäß dem beigefügten Anspruch 1 sowie durch einen Kompressor gemäß dem beigefügten nebengeordneten Anspruch 10. The above object is achieved by a method according to the appended claim 1 and by a compressor according to the attached independent claim 10.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren dient zur Drehzahlsteuerung eines Kompressors. Bei dem Kompressor handelt es sich insbe¬ sondere um einen Verdichter, welcher bevorzugt der Erzeugung von Druckluft dient. Der Betrieb des Kompressors ist durch eine Drehzahl gekennzeichnet, bei welcher es sich insbesondere um die Drehzahl eines rotierbaren Verdichtungselementes des Kompressors handelt. Um die Funktion des Kompressors dauerhaft zu gewährleisten, ist der Kompressor während seines Betriebes mit einer Drehzahl zu betreiben, die einen Mittelwert aufweist, der mindestens so groß wie ein minimaler Mittelwert ist. Die Drehzahl ist zeitlich veränderlich. Bei dem Mittelwert handelt es sich um einen durchschnittlichen Wert der zeitlich veränderlichen Drehzahl. Die dauerhafte Funktion des Kompressors ist nur dann gewährleistet, wenn dessen Drehzahl im längerfristigen Durchschnitt mindestens so groß wie der minimale Mittelwert ist. Dies resultiert daraus, dass einzelne Vorgänge im Kompressor, wie insbesondere eine Ölabscheidung oder eine Schmierung, nur dann in einem ausreichenden Maße ablaufen, wenn die Drehzahl des Kompressors im längerfristigenThe inventive method is used for speed control of a compressor. The compressor is in particular ¬ special to a compressor, which preferably serves to generate compressed air. The operation of the compressor is characterized by a rotational speed, which is in particular the rotational speed of a rotatable compression element of the compressor. In order to ensure the function of the compressor permanently, the compressor should be operated during its operation at a speed which has an average value which is at least as large as a minimum mean value. The speed is variable over time. The mean value is an average value of the time-varying speed. The permanent function of the compressor is guaranteed only if its speed in the longer term average is at least as large as the minimum mean value. This results from the fact that individual operations in the compressor, such as in particular an oil separation or lubrication, only to a sufficient extent, if the speed of the compressor in the longer term
Durchschnitt mindestens so groß wie der minimale Mittelwert ist . Bei einem Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird eine Solldrehzahl des Kompressors bestimmt, die für eine vom Average is at least as large as the minimum mean. In one step of the method according to the invention, a setpoint speed of the compressor is determined which is suitable for one of
Kompressor zu erzielende Ausgangsleistung notwendig ist. Die vom Kompressor zu erzielende Ausgangsleistung wird insbeson- dere durch einen anderen Prozess oder durch einen Bediener desCompressor to be achieved output power is necessary. The output power to be achieved by the compressor is determined in particular by another process or by an operator of the
Kompressors bestimmt und ist zeitlich veränderlich. Dement¬ sprechend ist auch die Solldrehzahl zeitlich veränderlich. Compressor determines and is temporally changeable. Dement ¬ speaking, the target speed is temporally variable.
In einem weiteren Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird ein zeitliches Mittel der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl bestimmt. Bei dem zeitlichen Mittel handelt es sich um die durchschnittliche Solldrehzahl in der betrachteten Zeitdauer . Erfindungsgemäß wird eine untere Drehzahlgrenze des In a further step of the method according to the invention, a time average of the time-variable setpoint speed is determined. The time average is the average target speed in the considered time period. According to the invention, a lower speed limit of
Kompressors angehoben, falls das zeitliche Mittel der verän¬ derlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist. Bei der unteren Drehzahlgrenze handelt es um einen Wert, der von der Drehzahl des Kompressors nicht zu unterschreiten ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird der Compressor raised if the time average of the variable ¬ target speed is less than the minimum mean value of the speed of the compressor. The lower speed limit is a value that is not to be undershot by the speed of the compressor. According to the invention
Kompressor mit der Solldrehzahl betrieben, wobei jedoch die untere Drehzahlgrenze nicht unterschritten wird. Falls das zeitliche Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl dauerhaft kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des  Compressor operated at the target speed, but the lower speed limit is not exceeded. If the time average of the variable setpoint speed permanently smaller than the minimum mean value of the speed of the
Kompressors wäre, so wäre die Funktion des Kompressors nicht mehr sichergestellt, weil beispielsweise eine Ölabscheidung nicht mehr ausreichend erfolgen würde, wodurch der Ölgehalt einer erzeugten Druckluft zu groß würde. Durch die Anhebung der unteren Drehzahlgrenze steigt daraufhin die durchschnitt- liehe Drehzahl des Kompressors, wodurch die Funktion des Compressor would be, so the function of the compressor would no longer be ensured because, for example, an oil separation would no longer be sufficient, whereby the oil content of a generated compressed air would be too large. Increasing the lower speed limit causes the average speed of the compressor to increase causing the function of the compressor to increase
Kompressors dauerhaft sichergestellt ist. Ein besonderer Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens besteht darin, dass der Kompressor effizient betrieben werden kann, da er zeitweise auch mit kleinen Drehzahlen arbeiten kann, die unter einer entsprechenden statischen unteren Dreh- zahlgrenze liegen, wenn ein entsprechend geringer Leistungs¬ bedarf besteht. Compressor is permanently ensured. A particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that the compressor can be operated efficiently, since it can work at times even at low speeds, which are below a corresponding static lower speed limit, if a correspondingly low power ¬ requirement exists.
Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird das zeitliche Mittel der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl über ein zeitliches Überwachungsintervall hinweg ermittelt. Das zeitliche Mittel der Solldrehzahl stellt somit die durchschnittliche Solldrehzahl im Überwachungsintervall dar . Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird die untere Drehzahlgrenze nach Ablauf des Über¬ wachungsintervalls angehoben, falls das zeitliche Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist. Besonders bevorzugt wird die untere Drehzahlgrenze unmittelbar nach Ablauf desIn preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention, the time average of the time-variable setpoint speed over a temporal monitoring interval is determined. The time average of the setpoint speed thus represents the average setpoint speed in the monitoring interval. In preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention the lower speed limit is raised upon expiry of the ¬ wachungsintervalls if the time average of the variable target rotational speed is smaller than the minimum average of the speed of the compressor. Particularly preferably, the lower speed limit immediately after the expiry of the
Überwachungsintervalls angehoben, falls das zeitliche Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Monitoring interval raised if the time average of the variable target speed less than the minimum
Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass die mittlere Drehzahl des Kompressors kurzfristig steigt. Average value of the speed of the compressor is. This ensures that the average speed of the compressor increases in the short term.
Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird der zeitliche Verlauf der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl des Kompressors während des Überwachungsinter- valls aufgezeichnet. Somit liegt nicht lediglich der Mittel¬ wert der Solldrehzahl, sondern auch der zeitliche Verlauf der Solldrehzahl vor. Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen In preferred embodiments of the method according to the invention, the time profile of the time-variable setpoint speed of the compressor is recorded during the monitoring interval. It is therefore not only the means ¬ worth before the desired speed, but also the timing of the set speed. In preferred embodiments of the invention
Verfahrens wird die untere Drehzahlgrenze nach Ablauf des Überwachungsintervalls soweit angehoben, dass der auf¬ gezeichnete zeitliche Verlauf der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl bei einer Beschränkung durch die angehobene untere Drehzahlgrenze ein zeitliches Mittel über das Über¬ wachungsintervall hinweg aufweist, welches mindestens so groß und besonders bevorzugt genauso groß wie der minimale Mittel¬ wert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist. Bei dieser Ausführungs- form wird davon ausgegangen, dass der Kompressor im folgendenProcedure, the lower speed limit is raised to the end of the monitoring interval so far that the on ¬ drawn time course of the time-varying setpoint speed at a restriction by the raised lower speed limit has a time average over the over ¬ monitoring interval away, which is at least as large and more preferably the same large as the minimum mean ¬ value of the speed of the compressor is. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the compressor in the following
Überwachungsintervall mit einem gleichen Verlauf der zu erzielenden Ausgangsleistung betrieben wird. Ist dies tatsächlich so, so wird der Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors in diesem nächsten Überwachungsintervall mindestens so groß bzw. genauso groß wie der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl sein. Folglich ist einerseits die Funktion des Kompressors sichergestellt und andererseits wird die Drehzahl des Monitoring interval is operated with a same course of the output power to be achieved. If this is indeed the case, the average value of the speed of the compressor in this next monitoring interval will be at least as great or the same as the minimum average value of the speed. Consequently, on the one hand the function of the compressor is ensured and on the other hand, the speed of the
Kompressors bei kleinen zu erzielenden Ausgangsleistungen deutlich sinken, was zu einem effizienten Betrieb des Compressor with small achievable output power drops significantly, resulting in efficient operation of the
Kompressors führt. In dem häufigen Fall, dass der Kompressor immer wieder mit gleichen zeitlichen Verläufen der zu Compressor leads. In the frequent case that the compressor is repeated over and over again with equal temporal courses
erzielenden Ausgangsleistung betrieben wird, wird die Drehzahl des Kompressors bei kleinen zu erzielenden Ausgangsleistungen soweit sinken, dass der Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Operating output power is operated, the speed of the compressor will fall so far with small achievable output powers that the average value of the speed of the
Kompressors gerade den minimalen Mittelwert erreicht. Compressor just reached the minimum mean.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren läuft bevorzugt periodisch ab, wobei die Perioden jeweils der Überwachungsdauer entsprechen. In jeder der Perioden erfolgt ein Bestimmen der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl des Kompressors, ein Bestimmen des zeitlichen Mittels der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl, und ein Anheben der unteren Drehzahlgrenze, falls das zeit- liehe Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist. The method according to the invention preferably runs periodically, the periods corresponding in each case to the monitoring duration. In each of the periods, a determination is made of the time-variable setpoint speed of the compressor, a determination of the time average of the time-variable setpoint speed, and a raising of the lower speed limit, if the time The variable speed reference means is less than the minimum average speed of the compressor.
Bei bevorzugten Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen In preferred embodiments of the invention
Verfahrens erfolgt weiterhin ein Überwachen, wie oft die zeit¬ lich veränderliche Solldrehzahl zwischen einer oberen Solldrehzahl und einer unteren Solldrehzahl wechselt. Die obere Solldrehzahl ist bevorzugt durch die maximale Drehzahl des Kompressors gebildet und entspricht einem Volllastbetrieb. Die obere Solldrehzahl beträgt alternativ bevorzugt 80% der maximalen Drehzahl des Kompressors. Die untere Solldrehzahl ist bevorzugt durch eine Leerlaufdrehzahl gebildet. Die untere Solldrehzahl beträgt alternativ bevorzugt 50% der maximalen Drehzahl des Kompressors. Bei dem beschriebenen Überwachen wird gezählt, wie oft die zeitlich veränderliche Solldrehzahl zwischen der oberen Solldrehzahl und der unteren Solldrehzahl wechselt, wobei lediglich die Wechsel von der oberen Solldrehzahl zur unteren Solldrehzahl oder lediglich die Wechsel von der unteren Solldrehzahl zur oberen Solldrehzahl gezählt werden müssen. Bei diesen Ausführungsformen erfolgt weiterhin ein Absenken einer oberen Drehzahlgrenze, falls die Wechsel zwischen der unteren Solldrehzahl und der oberen Solldrehzahl eine vordefinierte Maximalanzahl übersteigt. Die abgesenkte obere Drehzahlgrenze ist dabei kleiner als die obere Solldreh- zahl. Erfindungsgemäß wird der Kompressor mit der Solldrehzahl betrieben, wobei jedoch die obere Drehzahlgrenze nicht über¬ schritten wird. Das Absenken der oberen Drehzahlgrenze führt dazu, dass der Kompressor weniger oft zwischen einer sehr hohen Drehzahl, nämlich insbesondere der maximalen Drehzahl, und einer geringen Drehzahl, nämlich insbesondere der Leerlaufdrehzahl wechselt. Insofern die zu erzielende Ausgangs¬ leistung des Kompressors oft zwischen einer hohen Leistung und einer geringen Leistung wechselt, so führt dies ebenso zu einem häufigen Wechsel zwischen der oberen Solldrehzahl und der unteren Solldrehzahl. Durch die Absenkung der oberen Drehzahlgrenze wird die Drehzahl des Kompressors diesen Wechseln aber nicht im gleichen Maße folgen, sondern in einem mittleren Bereich schwanken. Hierdurch wird der Verschleiß des The method further comprises monitoring is carried out as often changes the time ¬ Lich variable target rotational speed between an upper target speed and a lower nominal speed. The upper target speed is preferably formed by the maximum speed of the compressor and corresponds to a full load operation. The upper target speed is alternatively preferably 80% of the maximum speed of the compressor. The lower setpoint speed is preferably formed by an idling speed. The lower target speed is alternatively preferably 50% of the maximum speed of the compressor. In the described monitoring, it is counted how often the time-varying setpoint speed changes between the upper setpoint speed and the lower setpoint speed, wherein only the changes from the upper setpoint speed to the lower setpoint speed or only the changes from the lower setpoint speed to the upper setpoint speed must be counted. In these embodiments, further lowering of an upper speed limit occurs if the change between the lower target speed and the upper target speed exceeds a predefined maximum number. The lowered upper speed limit is smaller than the upper setpoint speed. According to the invention, the compressor is operated at the target speed, however, the upper speed limit is not exceeded ¬. The lowering of the upper speed limit causes the compressor less often between a very high speed, namely in particular the maximum speed, and a low speed, namely in particular the idle speed changes. Insofar as the output to be achieved ¬ performance of the compressor often changes between high performance and low power, this also leads to a frequent change between the upper setpoint speed and the lower setpoint speed. By lowering the upper speed limit, the speed of the compressor will follow these changes but not to the same extent, but vary in a middle range. This will reduce the wear of the
Kompressors gemindert. Die vordefinierte Maximalanzahl der Wechsel ist so bemessen, dass der Kompressor effizient  Reduced compressor. The predefined maximum number of bills of exchange is sized to make the compressor efficient
betrieben wird. Das beschriebene Überwachen, wie oft die zeitlich veränderliche Solldrehzahl zwischen der oberen Solldrehzahl und der unteren Solldrehzahl wechselt, erfolgt bevorzugt über das Überwachungsintervall hinweg. Das beschriebene Absenken der oberen Drehzahlgrenze, falls die Anzahl der Wechsel zwischen der unteren Solldrehzahl und der oberen Solldrehzahl die vordefinierte Maximalanzahl übersteigt, erfolgt bevorzugt unmittelbar nach dem Ablauf des Überwachungsintervalls. is operated. The described monitoring of how often the time-variable setpoint speed changes between the upper setpoint speed and the lower setpoint speed preferably takes place over the monitoring interval. The described lowering of the upper speed limit, if the number of changes between the lower setpoint speed and the upper setpoint speed exceeds the predefined maximum number, preferably takes place immediately after the expiration of the monitoring interval.
Der Kompressor ist bevorzugt zum Verdichten eines Mediums ausgebildet, sodass erfindungsgemäß ein Verdichten des Mediums erfolgt. Das Medium ist bevorzugt durch ein Gas gebildet. Das Gas ist bevorzugt durch Luft gebildet, sodass der Kompressor zur Erzeugung von Druckluft ausgebildet ist, die vom The compressor is preferably designed for compressing a medium, so that according to the invention a compression of the medium takes place. The medium is preferably formed by a gas. The gas is preferably formed by air, so that the compressor is designed to generate compressed air from the
Kompressor ausgegeben wird. Bei dem Gas kann es sich aber bei- spielsweise auch um Kohlendioxid oder Sauerstoff handeln. Bei dem zu verdichtenden Medium kann es sich beispielsweise auch um ein Aerosol handeln. Compressor is output. The gas may, however, also be, for example, carbon dioxide or oxygen. The medium to be compressed may also be, for example, an aerosol.
Das Verdichten des Mediums erfolgt innerhalb des Kompressors bevorzugt mit ineinandergreifenden Schraubenrotoren, welche die Verdichtungselemente bilden. Die oben beschriebene Dreh¬ zahl des Kompressors stellt die Drehzahl des Schraubenrotors dar. Der Kompressor kann aber auch mit andersartigen Verdichtungselementen, wie beispielsweise Zahnrädern oder Kolben ausgebildet sein. The compression of the medium takes place within the compressor preferably with intermeshing screw rotors, which form the compression elements. The above-described rotation ¬ number of the compressor represents the speed of the screw rotor. The compressor can also with different types Compression elements, such as gears or pistons may be formed.
Der Kompressor wird bevorzugt mit einem Fluid als Schmier- mittel und/oder mit einem Fluid als Kühlmittel betrieben. DasThe compressor is preferably operated with a fluid as a lubricant and / or with a fluid as a coolant. The
Fluid ist bevorzugt durch Öl und/oder Wasser gebildet. Fluid is preferably formed by oil and / or water.
Im Kompressor erfolgt bevorzugt ein Trennen des verdichteten Gases vom Fluid, wofür ein Abscheider verwendet wird. Das erfindungsgemäße Anheben der unteren Drehzahlgrenze, falls das zeitliche Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist, erfolgt bevorzugt um das Trennen des komprimierten Gases vom Fluid mithilfe des Abscheiders dauerhaft zu gewährleisten, d. h. um die die Funktion des Abscheiders dauerhaft zu gewähr¬ leisten . In the compressor, preferably a separation of the compressed gas from the fluid, for which a separator is used. The inventive raising the lower speed limit, if the time average of the variable target speed is less than the minimum average value of the speed of the compressor, is preferably to ensure the separation of the compressed gas from the fluid using the separator permanently, ie to the function of the separator permanently to ensure ¬ afford.
Die zu erzielende, zeitlich veränderliche Ausgangsleistung ist bevorzugt durch einen Volumenstrom des vom Kompressor verdich- teten Mediums repräsentiert. Die Drehzahl des Kompressors und der Volumenstrom sind unmittelbar voneinander abhängig. Die zu erzielende, zeitlich veränderliche Ausgangsleistung kann aber auch durch einen Druck repräsentiert sein. Der erfindungsgemäße Kompressor dient zum Verdichten einesThe time-varying output power to be achieved is preferably represented by a volume flow of the medium compressed by the compressor. The speed of the compressor and the volume flow are directly dependent on each other. The achievable, time-varying output power can also be represented by a pressure. The compressor according to the invention serves to compress a
Mediums. Er umfasst mindestens ein rotierbares Verdichtungs¬ element und einen Motor zum Antrieb des mindestens einen rotierbaren Verdichtungselementes. Der Kompressor ist während seines Betriebes mit einer Drehzahl zu betreiben, welche einen Mittelwert aufweist, der mindestens so groß wie ein minimalerMedium. It comprises at least one rotatable compression ¬ element and a motor for driving the at least one rotatable compression element. The compressor is to operate during its operation at a speed which has an average value at least as large as a minimum
Mittelwert ist, um die Funktion des Kompressors zu gewähr¬ leisten. Der Kompressor umfasst weiterhin eine Drehzahlsteuerung, die zur Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens konfiguriert ist. Die Drehzahlsteuerung ist bevorzugt zur Aus¬ führung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens konfiguriert. Im Übrigen weist der erfindungsgemäße Kompressor bevorzugt auch solche Merkmale auf, die im Average is to afford the function of the compressor ¬ afford. The compressor further comprises a speed control, which is used to carry out the method according to the invention is configured. The speed control is preferably configured for off ¬ guide preferred embodiments of the inventive method. Moreover, the compressor according to the invention preferably also has such features that in
Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren beschrieben sind . Are described in connection with the inventive method.
Der Kompressor ist bevorzugt durch einen Schraubenverdichter gebildet, wofür er mindestens zwei der rotierbaren Verdich- tungselemente umfasst, welche durch ineinandergreifende The compressor is preferably formed by a screw compressor, for which purpose it comprises at least two of the rotatable compression elements, which by interlocking
Schraubenrotoren gebildet sind.  Screw rotors are formed.
Der Kompressor ist bevorzugt dazu ausgebildet, mit einem Fluid als Schmiermittel und/oder einem Fluid als Kühlmittel The compressor is preferably designed with a fluid as lubricant and / or a fluid as coolant
betrieben zu werden. Das Fluid ist bevorzugt durch Öl und/oderto be operated. The fluid is preferably oil and / or
Wasser gebildet. Water formed.
Der Kompressor umfasst bevorzugt einen Abscheider zum Trennen des Fluides vom verdichteten Gas. Der Abscheider ist bevorzugt durch einen Vorabscheider und/oder durch einen Feinabscheider gebildet . The compressor preferably comprises a separator for separating the fluid from the compressed gas. The separator is preferably formed by a pre-separator and / or by a fine separator.
Die Steuerung ist bevorzugt durch einen Mikrokontroller gebildet, welcher die einzelnen Steuerschritte umsetzt und die Steuersignal generiert. The control is preferably formed by a microcontroller, which converts the individual control steps and generates the control signal.
Weitere Vorteile, Einzelheiten und Weiterbildungen der Further advantages, details and further developments of
Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist durch einen öleingespritzten Schraubenkompressor zur Verdichtung von Luft gebildet. Die verdichtete Luft wird als Druckluft ausgegeben. Der Schraubenkompressor umfasst eine Verdichterstufe, in welche Öl zur Schmierung und Kühlung eingespritzt wird und nach der Verdichtung der Luft auf einer Druckseite des A preferred embodiment of the invention is formed by an oil-injected screw compressor for compressing air. The compressed air is emitted as compressed air. The screw compressor comprises a compressor stage, into which oil is injected for lubrication and cooling, and after the compression of the air on a pressure side of the
Schraubenkompressors aus der Druckluft abgeschieden wird. Der Schraubenkompressor umfasst hierfür einen Vorabscheider, mit welchem die Druckluft vom Öl getrennt wird, wobei das Screw compressor is separated from the compressed air. The screw compressor for this purpose includes a pre-separator, with which the compressed air is separated from the oil, wherein the
abgeschiedene Öl in einem Kreislauf wieder zu einer Saugseite des Schraubenkompressors zurückgeführt wird. Die vorabgeschiedene Druckluft durchströmt weiterhin einenseparated oil is recycled in a cycle back to a suction side of the screw compressor. The pre-separated compressed air continues to flow through one
Feinabscheider des Schraubenkompressors, um die Druckluft auch von feinsten Ölteilchen zu reinigen. Diese durch den Feinabscheider gereinigte Druckluft besitzt nur noch einen Fine separator of the screw compressor to clean the compressed air even from the finest oil particles. This cleaned by the fine separator compressed air has only one
geringen Anteil an Ölteilchen, welcher als Restfluidgehalt bezeichnet wird. Der Restfluidgehalt liegt bei etwa 1 bis 5 mgsmall proportion of oil particles, which is referred to as residual fluid content. The residual fluid content is about 1 to 5 mg
Fluid je Kubikmeter angesaugtem Volumenstrom. Fluid per cubic meter of sucked volume flow.
Der Feinabscheider funktioniert nur in einem begrenzten The fine separator only works in a limited way
Volumenstromfenster in einem ausreichenden Maße. Wird dieses Volumenstromfenster verlassen, äußert sich dies nach kurzerVolume flow window to a sufficient extent. If this volume flow window is left, this manifests itself after a short time
Zeit in einem signifikanten Anstieg des Restfluidgehaltes . Bei Volumenströmen, die größer als der durch die Bauart und Größe bedingte maximale Volumenstrom des jeweils verwendeten Feinabscheiders sind, kommt es zu einem Mitreißen von Ölpartikeln aus dem Feinabscheider. Bei Volumenströmen, die kleiner als der minimale Volumenstrom des jeweils verwendeten Feinabschei¬ ders sind, kommt es zu einer Behinderung der Abscheidung durch mangelnden Kontakt des Öls mit dem Feinabscheider. Der Feinabscheider ist so ausgelegt, dass der Volumenstrom desTime in a significant increase in the residual fluid content. In the case of volume flows which are greater than the maximum volume flow of the particular fine separator used due to the type and size, entrainment of oil particles from the fine separator occurs. At flow rates that are smaller than the minimum flow rate of the Feinabschei ¬ DERS used in each case, there is a hindrance to the deposition by lack of contact of the oil with the fine separator. The fine separator is designed so that the volume flow of the
Schraubenkompressors bei einer maximalen Drehzahl des Screw compressor at a maximum speed of the
Schraubenkompressors mit einem maximalen Volumenstrom des Feinabscheiders übereinstimmt, damit die Abscheidung des Öls sichergestellt ist. Screw compressor with a maximum flow of the Fine separator so that the separation of the oil is ensured.
Der Volumenstrom des Schraubenkompressors liegt bei einer minimalen Drehzahl des Schraubenkompressors unterhalb des minimalen Volumenstroms des Feinabscheiders. Würde der The volume flow of the screw compressor is at a minimum speed of the screw compressor below the minimum volume flow of the fine separator. Would the
Schraubenkompressor dauerhaft mit seiner minimalen Drehzahl betrieben werden, würde dies zu einem erhöhten Restfluidgehalt führen, sodass die Funktion des Schraubenkompressors beein- trächtigt wäre bzw. die gewünschte Reinheit des abgegebenenContinuously operating the screw compressor at its minimum speed would lead to an increased residual fluid content, which would impair the operation of the screw compressor or the desired purity of the delivered one
Mediums (z. B. Druckluft) nicht den Anforderungen entspricht, was zur Beschädigung nachfolgender, versorgter Anlagenkomponenten führen kann. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schraubenkompressor wird automatisch ein Drehzahl-Verbrauchsprofil über einen Algorithmus in einer Drehzahlsteuerung des Schraubenkompressors angefertigt. Ein Beispiel für dieses Drehzahl-Verbrauchsprofil ist nachfolgend angegeben : Medium (eg compressed air) does not meet the requirements, which can lead to the damage of subsequent, supplied system components. In the screw compressor according to the invention a speed consumption profile is automatically made via an algorithm in a speed control of the screw compressor. An example of this speed consumption profile is given below:
25% Drehzahl - 70% der Betriebszeit 25% speed - 70% of the operating time
50% Drehzahl - 15% der Betriebszeit 50% speed - 15% of the operating time
75% Drehzahl - 10% der Betriebszeit 75% speed - 10% of the operating time
100% Drehzahl - 5% der Betriebszeit 100% speed - 5% of the operating time
Die vom Schraubenkompressor zu liefernde Druckluftliefermenge kann vom Bediener ausgewählt und verändert werden. Die vom Schraubenkompressor zu liefernde Druckluftliefermenge reprä¬ sentiert dessen Ausgangsleistung, welche zeitlich veränderlich ist. Die Drehzahl des Schraubenkompressors und die Druckluft¬ liefermenge, d. h. der Volumenstrom des Kompressors sind unmittelbar voneinander abhängig. Abhängig vom jeweiligen zeitlichen Verlauf der Druckluftliefermenge wird erfindungsgemäß anhand dieser Häufigkeits¬ verteilung automatisch Einfluss auf die Drehzahlgrenzen, d. h. auf eine untere Drehzahlgrenze und auf eine obere Drehzahl- grenze genommen. Die Drehzahl des Schraubenkompressors liegt nachfolgend zwischen der unteren und der oberen Drehzahlgrenze . The amount of compressed air supplied by the screw compressor can be selected and changed by the operator. To be delivered by the screw compressor compressed air delivery quantity repre sented ¬ a maximum output power, which is variable with time. The speed of the screw compressor and the compressed air ¬ delivery quantity, ie the flow rate of the compressor are directly dependent on each other. Depends on the time course of the air output is automatically affect the speed limits, that is taken according to the invention based on this Frequency ¬ distribution to a lower speed limit and an upper speed limit. The speed of the screw compressor is subsequently between the lower and the upper speed limit.
Wird der Schraubenkompressor beispielsweise zunächst im größten Teil seiner Betriebszeit mit seiner minimalen Drehzahl betrieben, würde dies nachfolgend zu einem erhöhten Restöl- gehalt führen. Erfindungsgemäß wird jedoch die untere If, for example, the screw compressor is initially operated at its minimum speed for the major part of its operating time, this would subsequently lead to an increased residual oil content. According to the invention, however, the lower
Drehzahlgrenze angehoben, sodass der dann größere Volumenstrom des Schraubenkompressors dazu führt, dass der Feinabscheider dauerhaft seine Funktion behält. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass der Restfluidgehalt nicht auf unerwünschte Werte Increased speed limit so that the then larger volume flow of the screw compressor causes the fine separator permanently keeps its function. This will ensure that the residual fluid content is not at unwanted levels
ansteigt . rises.
Weiterhin wird erfindungsgemäß die Anzahl der Wechsel von einem Last- zu einem Leerlauf bestimmt. Steigt diese Anzahl über eine vordefinierte Maximalanzahl, erfolgt ein Absenken der oberen Drehzahlgrenze, sodass der maximale Volumenstrom kleiner wird, mit der Folge, dass der Schraubenkompressor weniger häufig von Last- nach Leerlauf wechselt. Ein häufiger Wechsel zwischen Last- und Leerlauf würde aufgrund von Druck¬ entlastungsvorgängen zu einer Verringerung der Energieeffizienz führen, was erfindungsgemäß verhindert ist. Dies ist insbesondere für solche Kompressoren relevant, bei denen der zu erzielende Volumenstrom wesentlich geringer als der Furthermore, the number of changes from a load to an idle is determined according to the invention. If this number exceeds a predefined maximum number, the upper speed limit is lowered, so that the maximum volume flow decreases, with the result that the screw compressor changes less frequently from load to idling. A frequent change between load and idle would lead to a reduction in energy efficiency due to pressure relief ¬ processes, which is prevented according to the invention. This is particularly relevant for such compressors in which the volume flow to be achieved is much lower than that
maximale Volumenstrom des Kompressors ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird ein ständiges Wechseln des Kompressors von Lastlauf in Leerlauf verhindert, sodass der erfindungsgemäße Kompressor eine hohe Lebensdauer aufweist. Die Drehzahlsteuerung erstellt in regelmäßigen Abständen neue Verbrauchsprofile, um bei einer Änderung des Druckluftbedarfes eine erneute Anpassung der Drehzahlgrenzen durchzuführen. maximum volume flow of the compressor is. According to the invention a constant change of the compressor is prevented by load running in idle, so that the compressor according to the invention has a long service life. The speed control system generates new consumption profiles at regular intervals in order to re-adjust the speed limits when the compressed air demand changes.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Drehzahlsteuerung eines Kompressors, welcher während seines Betriebes mit einer Drehzahl zu betreiben ist, die einen Mittelwert aufweist, welcher mindestens so groß wie ein minimaler Mittelwert ist, um die Funktion des Kompressors zu gewährleisten; wobei das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst: A method of speed control of a compressor to be operated during its operation at a speed having an average which is at least as large as a minimum average to ensure the function of the compressor; the method comprising the steps of:
- Bestimmen einer zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl des Kompressors, die für eine vom Kompressor zu erzielende, zeitlich veränderliche Ausgangsleistung notwendig ist; - Determining a time-varying setpoint speed of the compressor, which is necessary for an achievable by the compressor, time-varying output power;
- Bestimmen eines zeitlichen Mittels der zeitlich Determining a time average of the time
veränderlichen Solldrehzahl; und  variable setpoint speed; and
- Anheben einer unteren Drehzahlgrenze, falls das  - raising a lower speed limit, if that
zeitliche Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist .  time average of the variable target speed is less than the minimum average speed of the compressor.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das zeitliche Mittel der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl über ein Überwachungsintervall hinweg ermittelt wird. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the time average of the time-varying setpoint speed is determined across a monitoring interval.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Drehzahlgrenze unmittelbar nach Ablauf des 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the lower speed limit immediately after expiry of the
Überwachungsintervalls angehoben wird, falls das zeitliche Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist.  Monitoring interval is raised if the time average of the variable target speed is less than the minimum average value of the speed of the compressor.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der zeitliche Verlauf der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl des Kompressors während des 4. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the time profile of the time-varying setpoint speed of the compressor during the
Überwachungsintervalls aufgezeichnet wird. Monitoring interval is recorded.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Drehzahlgrenze nach Ablauf des Überwachungsinter¬ valls soweit angehoben wird, dass der aufgezeichnete zeit¬ liche Verlauf der zeitlich veränderlichen Solldrehzahl bei einer Beschränkung durch die angehobene untere Drehzahlgrenze ein zeitliches Mittel über das Überwachungsintervall hinweg aufweist, welches so groß wie der minimale 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the lower speed limit is raised to the extent of monitoring Inter ¬ interval that the recorded time ¬ Liche course of the time-varying target speed at a limitation by the raised lower speed limit a time average over the monitoring interval which is as large as the minimum
Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist.  Average value of the speed of the compressor is.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass es folgende weitere Schritte umfasst: characterized in that it comprises the following further steps:
- Überwachen, wie oft die zeitlich veränderliche - Monitor how often the time-varying
Solldrehzahl zwischen einer oberen Solldrehzahl und einer unteren Solldrehzahl wechselt; und  Set speed between an upper target speed and a lower target speed changes; and
- Absenken einer oberen Drehzahlgrenze, falls die Anzahl der Wechsel zwischen der unteren Solldrehzahl und der oberen Solldrehzahl eine vordefinierte Maximalanzahl übersteigt .  - Lowering an upper speed limit, if the number of changes between the lower target speed and the upper target speed exceeds a predefined maximum number.
7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass mit dem Kompressor ein Gas verdichtet wird, wobei ein Fluid als Schmiermittel und/oder als Kühl¬ mittel verwendet wird, welches mit einem Abscheider vom verdichteten Gas getrennt wird. in that a gas is compressed with the compressor, a fluid being used as lubricant and / or as coolant , which is separated by a separator from the compressed gas.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die untere Drehzahlgrenze angehoben wird, falls das zeitliche Mittel der veränderlichen Solldrehzahl kleiner als der minimale Mittelwert der Drehzahl des Kompressors ist, um das Trennen des Fluides vom verdichteten Gas zu 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the lower speed limit is raised if the time average of the variable target speed is less than the minimum average value of the speed of the compressor to the separation of the fluid from the compressed gas
gewährleisten . guarantee .
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die zu erzielende, zeitlich  characterized in that to be achieved, in terms of time
veränderliche Ausgangsleistung durch einen Volumenstrom eines vom Kompressor zu verdichtenden Mediums repräsentiert ist .  variable output power is represented by a volume flow of a medium to be compressed by the compressor.
10. Kompressor zum Verdichten eines Mediums; umfassend 10. compressor for compressing a medium; full
mindestens ein rotierbares Verdichtungselement und einen Motor zum Antrieb des mindestens einen rotierbaren  at least one rotatable compression element and a motor for driving the at least one rotatable
Verdichtungselementes; wobei der Kompressor während seines Betriebes mit einer Drehzahl zu betreiben ist, die einen Mittelwert aufweist, welcher mindestens so groß wie ein minimaler Mittelwert ist, um die dauerhafte Funktion des Kompressors zu gewährleisten; und wobei der Kompressor eine Drehzahlsteuerung umfasst, die zur Ausführung eines  Compacting element; wherein the compressor is to be operated during its operation at a speed which has an average which is at least as large as a minimum mean value to ensure the permanent operation of the compressor; and wherein the compressor comprises a speed controller that is suitable for executing a
Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9 konfiguriert ist .  Method according to one of claims 1 to 9 configured.
EP16745062.6A 2015-07-13 2016-07-12 Compressor and method for the angular speed control Active EP3322899B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015111287.6A DE102015111287B4 (en) 2015-07-13 2015-07-13 Compressor and method for its speed control
PCT/EP2016/066469 WO2017009307A1 (en) 2015-07-13 2016-07-12 Compressor and method for controlling the rotational speed thereof

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3322899A1 true EP3322899A1 (en) 2018-05-23
EP3322899B1 EP3322899B1 (en) 2019-05-08

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EP16745062.6A Active EP3322899B1 (en) 2015-07-13 2016-07-12 Compressor and method for the angular speed control

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US (1) US10815996B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3322899B1 (en)
CN (1) CN107923401B (en)
BR (1) BR112018000483B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2991806A1 (en)
DE (1) DE102015111287B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2017009307A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112865659B (en) * 2019-11-12 2022-04-19 杭州先途电子有限公司 Torque compensation control method, system and controller

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JPH0742939B2 (en) * 1985-10-07 1995-05-15 株式会社日立製作所 Torque controlled compressor
KR910009242B1 (en) * 1987-08-04 1991-11-07 가부시기가이샤 히다찌세이사꾸쇼 Torque control apparatus for rotating motor machine
US6216474B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2001-04-17 Carrier Corporation Part load performance of variable speed screw compressor
BE1013293A3 (en) 2000-02-22 2001-11-06 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv Method for controlling a compressor installation and thus controlled compressor installation.
JP4415340B2 (en) 2000-06-02 2010-02-17 株式会社日立産機システム Screw compression device and operation control method thereof
GB2367333B (en) 2000-09-25 2002-12-11 Compair Uk Ltd Improvements in variable speed oil-injected screw compressors
US6860730B2 (en) 2002-05-20 2005-03-01 Driltech Mission, Llc Methods and apparatus for unloading a screw compressor
BE1015088A5 (en) 2002-09-03 2004-09-07 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv Improvements in compressors.
BE1016727A4 (en) 2005-08-17 2007-05-08 Atlas Copco Airpower Nv IMPROVED DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF A MOBILE OIL INJECTED SCREW COMPRESSOR.
WO2008041996A1 (en) * 2006-10-06 2008-04-10 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant system with multi-speed pulse width modulated compressor
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DE102013111218A1 (en) 2013-10-10 2015-04-16 Kaeser Kompressoren Se Electronic control device for a component of the compressed air generation, compressed air preparation, compressed air storage and / or compressed air distribution
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Publication number Publication date
US20180202443A1 (en) 2018-07-19
CA2991806A1 (en) 2017-01-19
CN107923401B (en) 2019-11-15
CN107923401A (en) 2018-04-17
DE102015111287B4 (en) 2018-04-26
EP3322899B1 (en) 2019-05-08
BR112018000483B1 (en) 2023-01-10
WO2017009307A1 (en) 2017-01-19
US10815996B2 (en) 2020-10-27
DE102015111287A1 (en) 2017-01-19
BR112018000483A2 (en) 2018-09-11

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