EP3310571A1 - Élément composite destiné à un véhicule, notamment une automobile, et procédé de fabrication d'un élément composite - Google Patents

Élément composite destiné à un véhicule, notamment une automobile, et procédé de fabrication d'un élément composite

Info

Publication number
EP3310571A1
EP3310571A1 EP16726278.1A EP16726278A EP3310571A1 EP 3310571 A1 EP3310571 A1 EP 3310571A1 EP 16726278 A EP16726278 A EP 16726278A EP 3310571 A1 EP3310571 A1 EP 3310571A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
core layer
composite component
cover layer
plastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16726278.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tobias Blumenstock
Benno Stamp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mercedes Benz Group AG
Original Assignee
Daimler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler AG filed Critical Daimler AG
Publication of EP3310571A1 publication Critical patent/EP3310571A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • B32B7/027—Thermal properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/129—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding specially adapted for particular articles or workpieces
    • B23K20/1295—Welding studs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0609—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding characterised by the movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/0627—Angular, i.e. torsional
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/006—Preventing damaging, e.g. of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115—Melting point
    • B29C66/73116—Melting point of different melting point, i.e. the melting point of one of the parts to be joined being different from the melting point of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7313—Density
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7313—Density
    • B29C66/73132—Density of different density, i.e. the density of one of the parts to be joined being different from the density of the other part
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/065—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
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    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/28—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance
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    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/16—Composite materials, e.g. fibre reinforced
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    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9517—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration amplitude values or ranges
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    • B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure

Definitions

  • Composite component for a vehicle in particular a motor vehicle, and method for
  • the invention relates to a composite component for a vehicle, in particular a
  • a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1, and a method of manufacturing a composite component according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • the composite component has a core layer, which is formed from a thermoplastic foam.
  • the core layer is formed as a foam element, which is made of a plastic in the form of a thermoplastic.
  • the composite component further comprises at least one cover layer, which is connected to the core layer. This means that the cover layer is arranged on the core layer, wherein the cover layer and the core layer at least partially overlap each other. Furthermore, the core layer and the cover layer are pressed together.
  • the cover layer is connected to the plastic foam, wherein the core layer and the cover layer are introduced into a pressing tool and pressed together by means of the pressing tool.
  • the cover layer and the core layer form a laminate of the composite component. It is possible to form the composite component as a sandwich composite component, wherein on a side facing away from the cover layer of the core layer disposed at least one further cover layer and connected to the core layer, in particular pressed, may be.
  • DE 20 2011 005 422 U1 discloses a plastic body made of several components joined in a sandwich construction, which at least partially by several different joining techniques positively, positively and / or materially connected together and assembled into a compact vehicle body. At least some of the load-bearing parts are made of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic, and cavities between the individual parts are at least partially filled with foam material. Furthermore, it is envisaged that the items in the
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a composite component and a method of the type mentioned, by means of which a particularly cost-effective production of the vehicle can be realized.
  • the composite component includes a core layer of a thermoplastic foam and at least one cover layer connected to the core layer.
  • the core layer further has a higher density in one area than the density of the semifinished core layer.
  • the core layer is made of a thermoplastic starting foam material
  • the cover layer formed of a fiber-reinforced plastic is connected in the higher density region by friction welding with at least one joining element.
  • the invention is based on the finding that joining methods for joining a composite component, in particular its
  • Cover layer with at least one joining element usually limit to the gluing or screws, as this damage to the composite component, in particular the core layer, as well as unwanted marks on at least one surface of the composite component can be avoided.
  • gluing and screwing are costly and time consuming, in particular due to the required apparatus or the need to use separate fasteners.
  • friction welding a particularly cost and time to produce cheap connection between the cover layer and the joining element. The construction and the higher density allow doing the time and cost implementation of the friction welding, since unwanted damage and marks on surfaces of the composite component can be safely avoided.
  • the core layer has a higher density in at least one first subarea than in at least one second subarea adjacent to the first subarea and thus local densifications which are generated selectively.
  • the higher density in the first partial area than the second partial area is realized, for example, in that the composite component in the first partial area is stronger than in the second partial area adjacent to the first partial area
  • Part area is pressed. Damage to the composite component can be avoided by the locally limited, stronger compression during the production of the composite component, since the density of the core layer designed as a foam core is increased locally, resulting in an increase of the mechanical pressure properties or compressive strength of the core layer compared to the less compressed second portion region. that is, the thermoplastic resin foam results.
  • the layers, in particular the core layer, of the composite component are sensitive to very high pressure and temperature, which, however, can now be avoided by the locally higher density, in particular by the locally stronger compression.
  • the composite component since the composite component only has a higher density locally or is more compressed, the material character of the composite component remains preserved over the entire composite component. In other words, it is possible by the locally higher density a harmless connection between the
  • the core layer Due to the locally higher density, the core layer also withstands very high pressures, as are customary in friction welding, so that a connection is made possible in a simple manner and very variably at a location without any damage occurring.
  • Sub-areas to be adapted and adapted to locally occurring, high loads, as they can occur during friction welding.
  • it is possible to impress and collapse the sandwich composite, for example
  • the core layer before the friction welding by pressing over the entire surface with a higher density than the density of
  • Design is particularly favorable when a composite component is desired, which should also on all sides also outside the joints pressure resistant properties.
  • An embodiment is characterized in that the joining element is formed from a plastic. As part of the friction welding, the plastic of the joining element and / or the plastic of the cover layer are melted, whereby the joining element is firmly connected to the cover layer and thus the composite component as a whole.
  • the plastic of the cover layer is a thermoplastic.
  • the thermoplastic of the cover layer is a matrix or a plastic matrix and in particular a thermoplastic polymer matrix, in which reinforcing fibers are at least partially embedded.
  • These reinforcing fibers are preferably glass fibers and / or natural fibers and / or carbon fibers or carbon fibers and / or aramid fibers, in order to provide, for example, a particularly advantageous rigidity of the cover layer and thus of the composite component as a whole. In particular, this can be particularly advantageous
  • Embodiment is further based on the finding that the core layer can be particularly well protected by the thermoplastic coating of the cover layer, so caused by the friction welding, unwanted adverse effects of the composite component can be safely avoided.
  • the material of both the cover layer and the joining element can be readily melted, so that they can be firmly bonded together without damaging the core layer.
  • the friction welding can, for example, by means of one on the two Joining partners to be pressed pin done and / or by the joining element itself.
  • thermoplastic of the cover layer is polypropylene (PP).
  • PP polypropylene
  • the cover layer is, for example, a nonwoven or formed from a nonwoven fabric and may in particular be formed from a hybrid nonwoven fabric. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the cover layer is formed from an organic sheet or a hybrid weave.
  • the core layer is preferably a PET foam core whose density and thus mechanical pressure properties, in particular by the locally stronger compression, can be increased particularly advantageously locally.
  • the bonding of the cover layer to the core layer can be effected by at least one enamel layer arranged between the core layer and the cover layer or by a reactive adhesive, by which a layer, which is different from the cover layer and core layer and additionally provided, is formed.
  • the aforementioned melt layer is, for example, by the molten plastic of the
  • the cover layer formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic is connected to at least one joining element by friction welding.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the composite component according to the invention are as to consider advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention and vice versa.
  • the core layer be in at least a first portion having a higher density than in at least one adjacent to the first portion second subregion is formed, wherein the cover layer is connected in the first portion by friction welding with the joining element.
  • the composite component is pressed more strongly in the first subregion than in the second subregion, wherein after the pressing, the covering layer in the first subregion is joined to the joining element by friction welding. It was found that, for example, very thin and one
  • the composite component with the joining element preferably formed of a plastic by increasing the welding amplitude and / or the welding frequency by
  • a further embodiment is characterized in that the core layer during pressing has a temperature which corresponds at least almost to the processing temperature of the plastic of the cover layer. As a result, the core layer can be compressed without
  • thermoplastic is used as the plastic of the cover layer, which may in particular be polypropylene (PP). Furthermore, it has been found to be particularly advantageous if the thermoplastic foam from PP.
  • PET Polyethylene terephthalate
  • PET is formed, so that the core layer is formed as a PET foam core.
  • PET is in a softened state at temperatures above 140 ° C and can thus be plastically deformed. Only when reaching the melting point above 250 ° C, the melting of PET begins, while PP melts at 160 ° C.
  • This combination of materials is thus particularly advantageous because between 160 ° C and 250 ° C, the thermoplastic of the cover layer is melted and the core is plastically deformable without the foam structure is destroyed. This results in a large usable temperature range for the manufacturing process.
  • the process reliability during welding is increased if the melting temperature of the core is significantly higher than that
  • Pressing the core layer in the first portion may be provided that the core layer is produced by an extrusion process, wherein the locally higher density in the first portion, for example, by varying the extrusion profile of
  • Core layer is set during their production. It is also conceivable to separate out part of the core layer partially, that is to say in the first subregion, in particular to cut it out, resulting in a recess or a gap in the first subregion. In the recess, that is, in the first portion of a foam body is then inserted, which has a higher density than the rest of the core layer, that is, as the adjoining the foam body second
  • Part area has.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view through a composite component for a
  • Vehicle having a core layer of a thermoplastic foam and at least one associated with the core layer cover layer, wherein the core layer in at least a first portion a higher density than in at least one adjacent to the first portion, the second portion, and wherein the formed of a fiber reinforced plastic cover layer in the first
  • Part region is connected by friction welding with at least one joining element
  • Fig. 2 is a further schematic sectional view through the composite component, which is connected to respective joining elements by friction welding.
  • the composite layer 10 and thus the composite component comprise a core layer 12 of a thermoplastic foam.
  • the core layer 12 is made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and thus formed as a PET foam core.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the layer composite 10 further comprises respective cover layers 14 and 16, between which the core layer 12 is arranged.
  • the respective cover layer 14 or 16 is formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic, wherein the plastic of the cover layer 14 or 16 is preferably a thermoplastic and in particular polypropylene (PP).
  • PP polypropylene
  • Reinforcing fibers are preferably glass fibers, natural fibers,
  • Aramid fibers and / or carbon fibers Aramid fibers and / or carbon fibers.
  • the respective cover layer 14 or 16 can be formed, for example, from a hybrid nonwoven fabric, organic sheet or hybrid fabric.
  • the respective bonding layer 18 or 20 is arranged, via which the respective cover layer 14 or 16 is connected to the core layer 12.
  • the respective bonding layer 8 or 20 is also referred to as a melt layer, since it is liquefied or melted, for example, during the production of the composite component or of the layer composite 10.
  • the respective Binding layer 18 or 20 is formed for example by the plastic of the respective cover layer 1 or 16 or by an additionally provided plastic or of an adhesive, in particular reactive adhesive, which is provided in addition to the respective plastic of the cover layers 14 and 16 and the core layer 12 , Via the respective bonding layer 18, the bonding of the cover layers 14 and 16 to the core layer 12 takes place.
  • a sandwich composite with a thermoplastic foam core and fiber-reinforced thermoplastic cover layers 14 and 16 is formed by the layer composite 10.
  • a trim part, in particular interior trim part, of a vehicle such as a motor vehicle and in particular a passenger car is produced from the layer composite 0.
  • the layer composite 10 is used, for example, as a semi-finished product in a pressing tool
  • halves comprises two tool.
  • the tool halves are, for example, arranged opposite one another and movable towards and away from one another. If the layer composite 10 (semifinished product) is located, for example, between the tool halves, they are moved towards one another, ie closed, whereby the layer composite 10 is pressed, for example. That's it
  • Composite component a pressing member which is pressed by means of the pressing tool and thereby or subsequently formed by means of a forming tool.
  • the layer composite 10 may comprise a decorative layer 22, which is arranged on the cover layer 14 and, for example, connected to the cover layer 14.
  • the decorative layer 22 is arranged on a visible side 24 of the composite component.
  • a visible side is to be understood as a side which in the finished manufactured state of the vehicle is visually perceptible by observers of this occupant, in particular by occupants who are staying in the interior of the vehicle.
  • the decorative layer 22 can thus be used to create a total of an advantageous visual impression of the composite component.
  • the layer composite 10 may have a textile layer 26, which is arranged on one side of the cover layer 16 facing away from the visible side 24 or the decorative layer 22 and connected, for example, to the cover layer 16.
  • the textile layer 26 is formed, for example, of polyester.
  • a joining element 28 which for example consists of a
  • the joining element 28 by friction welding with one of the cover layers 14 and 16 and in the present case connected to the cover layer 16, so that the joining element 28 a
  • the joining element 28 is pressed onto the layer composite 10, in particular the cover layer 16, and vibrated, whereby energy is supplied.
  • the supplied energy must be so high that the plastic of the joining element 28 and optionally the plastic of the cover layer 16 melts and the joining element 28 at a contact surface with the layer composite 10, that is, the cover layer 16, connects.
  • the amount of energy supplied is composed of a normal force, with which the joining element 28 is pressed against the layer composite 10 during friction welding, and the frequency and the amplitude of the oscillation.
  • the amplitude is also referred to as welding amplitude, the frequency being referred to as the welding frequency.
  • the normal force is denoted by a force arrow F.
  • double arrows 30 in FIG. 2 illustrate the normal force arrow F.
  • thermoplastic foam core there is a fundamental risk that too high a normal force during friction welding the laminate 10 damaged. If the energy input or supplied is too high, then the cover layer 16 can
  • the joining of the joining element 28 with the laminate 10 by friction welding is desirable, since this the joining element 28 on particularly timely and cost-effective manner can be connected to the layer composite 10, so that overall cost-effective production of the vehicle can be realized.
  • the core layer 12 has a higher density in at least one partial region 32 has in the first portion 32 adjacent second portions 34, wherein the joining element 28 in the first portion 32 with the cover layer 16 through
  • Friction welding is connected.
  • This higher density in the first subregion 32 relative to the respective second subregion 34 is produced, for example, by the layer composite 10, in particular the core layer 12, in the context of the above
  • the core layer 12 has a higher density in the first partial region 32 than in the second partial regions 34, so that the core layer 12 has an increased compressive rigidity and compressive strength in the first partial region 32 compared to the second partial regions 34.
  • the necessary rigidity / counterforce of the foam can be generated not only by a local compression of the foam layer, but also by a
  • the core layer 12 As an alternative or in addition to the locally stronger pressing, it is conceivable, for example, to produce the core layer 12 by an extrusion process and thereby to vary the extrusion process in such a way that the core layer 12 in the first partial region 32 has the higher density compared to the second partial regions 34. Furthermore, it is conceivable to separate out a part of the core layer 12 after its production in the first partial region 32, whereby a recess is formed in the first partial region 32. In this recess, a foam body is then used, which is then arranged in the first portion 32. The foam body has a higher density than the second portions 34.
  • the joining element 28 is produced by injection molding, that is to say as an injection-molded component, so that the joining element 28 can be produced in a particularly timely and cost-effective manner.
  • injection molding that is to say as an injection-molded component
  • a counterpressure of the material of the core layer 12 opposing the normal force can be increased since the core layer 12 has a higher compressive strength in the first subregion 32
  • the increase in mechanical pressure properties of the thermoplastic foam core is due to the fact that the compression, for example, in the hot state during the
  • the foam core is at least almost on the
  • thermoplastic matrix of the cover layers 14 and 16 Melting temperature of the thermoplastic matrix of the cover layers 14 and 16 is heated. At this temperature, which is, for example, 160 degrees Celsius to 250 degrees Celsius, the PET foam core can be compressed without the cell walls of the
  • Foam structure can absorb higher forces through the material compression, whereby the pressure properties are increased locally. This allows a friction welding at a fairly high normal force, which is represented by the length of the force arrow F.
  • the energy to be injected for melting respective attachment surfaces with only a very small normal force is achieved by increasing the welding amplitude and / or welding frequency.
  • the welding amplitude is preferably at least substantially 1 millimeter.
  • welding frequency the normal force can be kept low, so that the risk that it comes to collapse of the laminate 10, can be kept particularly low.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément composite destiné à un véhicule, comprenant une couche âme (12) en mousse synthétique thermoplastique et au moins une couche de recouvrement (14, 16) reliée à la couche âme (12), la couche âme (12) offrant dans une certaine zone une densité supérieure à la densité de la couche âme de demi-produit, la couche de recouvrement (14, 16) constituée d'un plastique renforcé de fibres est reliée, dans la zone de haute densité, à au moins un élément d'assemblage (28) par soudage par friction. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un élément composite.
EP16726278.1A 2015-06-20 2016-05-12 Élément composite destiné à un véhicule, notamment une automobile, et procédé de fabrication d'un élément composite Withdrawn EP3310571A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015007921.2A DE102015007921A1 (de) 2015-06-20 2015-06-20 Verbundbauteil für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere einen Kraftwagen, sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbundbauteils
PCT/EP2016/000786 WO2016206769A1 (fr) 2015-06-20 2016-05-12 Élément composite destiné à un véhicule, notamment une automobile, et procédé de fabrication d'un élément composite

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3310571A1 true EP3310571A1 (fr) 2018-04-25

Family

ID=56096601

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16726278.1A Withdrawn EP3310571A1 (fr) 2015-06-20 2016-05-12 Élément composite destiné à un véhicule, notamment une automobile, et procédé de fabrication d'un élément composite

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20180304542A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3310571A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN107708989B (fr)
DE (1) DE102015007921A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016206769A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB201802377D0 (en) * 2018-02-14 2018-03-28 Warburton Christopher John Improvements to the formation of a temperature controlled compartment and the compartment once formed

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3468732A (en) * 1966-08-19 1969-09-23 Uniroyal Inc Method of butt joining thermoplastic sheet material by a spin welding operation
DE2255454C3 (de) * 1972-11-11 1979-07-12 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Hochbeanspruchbarer Sandwichkörper
DE4141616B4 (de) * 1991-12-17 2005-12-29 Steeg, Heinz Bernd, Dr.-Ing. Verfahren zum Befestigen eines Halteteils an einem Bauteil durch Reibschweißen
JP2851244B2 (ja) * 1994-02-09 1999-01-27 児玉化学工業株式会社 多層積層体および多層積層体パネルを製造する方法
US5725704A (en) * 1995-12-21 1998-03-10 Davidson Textron, Inc. Process for the production of a multi-layer composite article having fasteners affixed to a surface thereof and the article produced thereby
SE512422C2 (sv) * 1997-09-17 2000-03-13 Volvo Ab Lastbärande fordonstak och förfarande för dess tillverkning
DE19929300A1 (de) * 1999-06-25 2000-12-28 Basf Ag Verbunde mit Schweißbereichen bestehend aus Formteilen
CN1174149C (zh) * 2000-11-07 2004-11-03 黄炳文 挖土机的快速换斗器
NL1024630C2 (nl) * 2003-10-27 2005-04-28 Martin Theodoor De Groot Werkwijze voor het aanbrengen van een thermoplastische kunststof insert unit in een thermoplastisch kunststof sandwichproduct.
DE102006058257A1 (de) 2006-12-08 2008-06-19 Julius Heywinkel Gmbh Verbundbauelement sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verbundbauelementes, insbesondere für den Automobilbau
EP2503040A1 (fr) * 2011-03-23 2012-09-26 Autoneum Management AG Garniture multicouches moulée
DE202011005422U1 (de) 2011-04-19 2011-06-29 Marc Eberle Kunststoffkarosserie
DE102012006609B4 (de) * 2012-03-30 2017-11-16 Daimler Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sandwichverbundbauteils
PL2781762T3 (pl) * 2013-03-20 2019-04-30 Ruag Schweiz Ag Lekka struktura nośna, sposób wytwarzania lekkiej struktury nośnej, kompozytowy panel przekładkowy i sposób wytwarzania kompozytowego panelu przekładkowego

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102015007921A1 (de) 2016-12-22
CN107708989A (zh) 2018-02-16
CN107708989B (zh) 2020-04-03
WO2016206769A1 (fr) 2016-12-29
US20180304542A1 (en) 2018-10-25

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