EP3301755B1 - Assembly for radio transmission of consumption and/or status data - Google Patents
Assembly for radio transmission of consumption and/or status data Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3301755B1 EP3301755B1 EP17001475.7A EP17001475A EP3301755B1 EP 3301755 B1 EP3301755 B1 EP 3301755B1 EP 17001475 A EP17001475 A EP 17001475A EP 3301755 B1 EP3301755 B1 EP 3301755B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna structure
- antenna
- communication module
- consumption
- arrangement
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/2208—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems
- H01Q1/2233—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles associated with components used in interrogation type services, i.e. in systems for information exchange between an interrogator/reader and a tag/transponder, e.g. in Radio Frequency Identification [RFID] systems used in consumption-meter devices, e.g. electricity, gas or water meters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
- H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
- H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an arrangement for radio transmission of consumption data and / or status data according to the preamble of claim 1 and an antenna structure for use in such an arrangement according to claim 6.
- Intelligent consumption meters also called smart meters, are consumption meters located in a supply network, e.g. B. for energy, electricity, gas or water, which show the respective connection user the actual consumption and are integrated into a communication network. Intelligent consumption meters have the advantage that manual readings of the meter readings are no longer necessary and the supplier can make shorter-term bills according to the actual consumption. With shorter reading intervals, a more precise coupling of the end customer tariffs to the development of the exchange electricity prices is possible. Supply networks can also be used much better.
- Intelligent consumption meters are usually assigned to residential units or houses.
- the measurement data generated there can be read in a variety of ways.
- Measurement data can e.g. B. can be read out via the power network (Power Line) or via mobile radio technology in the form of data packets or telegrams.
- the measurement data can be integrated into a local network.
- the consumption measuring devices are generally assigned communication modules which are installed in the area of the consumption measuring devices.
- the communication modules usually have a pre-installed transmitter and receiver unit and an integrated antenna for sending and receiving the data packets.
- the consumption measuring devices and the associated communication module are expediently arranged within a housing in order to protect the consumption measuring device and its communication module from manipulation and destruction.
- the mostly solid housings influence the radiation properties of the antenna of the communication module. This can greatly reduce the transmission quality.
- the integrated antenna of a communication module depending on the antenna type and design of the respective communication module, can cause poorer transmission quality.
- the CA 2 794 596 A1 describes a dielectric housing cover for a smart meter with an integrated antenna.
- the antenna is integrated in the housing cover to protect the antenna from destruction and manipulation.
- the antenna contact of the antenna, which is attached to the housing cover, is electrically or electromagnetically coupled to the radio module via a contact on the measuring device.
- the radiation properties of the antenna described are z. B. significantly affected by nearby metallic objects, whereby the transmission quality of the radio module is deteriorated.
- the dimension of the antenna integrated in the housing cover of the smart meter can only be changed to a limited extent on account of the reduced space available, as a result of which only certain antennas which are generally less powerful can be used.
- the EP 2 876 821 A1 discloses a consumption meter that can transmit the recorded consumption data via a communication module.
- the communication module comprises two antennas which are arranged within the communication module. Furthermore, the two antennas are connected together to a circuit board via two connections.
- an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 1 which comprises a primary antenna and a secondary antenna, the antennas being electrically isolated from one another via a near field coupling.
- the secondary antenna serves to spatially emit the radio telegrams emitted by the primary antenna from another location.
- a polarity reversal device provided for the external arrangement to an antenna for generating circularly polarized waves is from the EP 0 044 502 A1 known and has a plurality of conductors in a meandering shape.
- the object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement by means of which the transmission quality of the communication module is improved, which is space-saving and inexpensive and can be installed and retrofitted in a simple manner.
- an arrangement for radio transmission of consumption data and / or status data to improve the radiation properties of an integrated antenna of a communication module is provided, the antenna structure of which is an antenna structure that is galvanically separated from the antenna and that includes mechanical fastening means that are external to the communication module.
- the electrically conductive external antenna structure which is electrically isolated from the antenna, there is no electrical line between the antenna structure and the antenna.
- the antenna structure is designed in such a way that it generates an electromagnetic field through the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna, which emits the radiation properties of the arrangement for radio transmission, such as. B. modified the radiated power, the range or the like.
- the antenna structure is configured in a meandering shape from elongated elements arranged parallel to one another.
- the meandering design allows an optimal amplification of the radiation from the antenna to be achieved.
- the directional diagram of the antenna can be specifically designed so that a uniform radiation, ie a radiation that is almost the same in all directions, is generated.
- the electromagnetic field generated by the external antenna structure expediently increases the radiated power of the arrangement for radio transmission and accordingly improves the transmission quality.
- the arrangement with the antenna structure depending on the orientation of the antenna structure, produces a more uniform radiation in all spatial directions than an arrangement without the antenna structure according to the invention.
- the antenna structure is preferably resonant to the operating frequency of the communication module. This has the advantage that the antenna structure is excited by the radiated waves of the antenna of the communication module and the radiation power is thereby increased.
- the antenna structure can have a flat two-dimensional orientation.
- the antenna structure can be produced in a simple manner as a stamped component and can be flexibly retrofitted in existing systems.
- the antenna structure is preferably made of metal, in particular of sheet metal. With such a configuration, the antenna structure has optimum radiation properties and can be excited in a simple manner by the radiated waves of the antenna. This makes the antenna structure robust, inexpensive and easy to manufacture. Conveniently, the outer shape of the housing can therefore be varied and it can be easily assembled for any housing format.
- the elongated elements arranged parallel to each other can generate an electromagnetic field that is as homogeneous as possible, with which a uniform and thus easy to align radiation can be achieved.
- the elongated elements can be connected to one another via front-side workings and / or webs. By orienting the antenna structure or the elongated elements, e.g. B. in vertical or horizontal alignment, the orientation of the electromagnetic field of the antenna structure can be aligned.
- the antenna structure can preferably have a depth of less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.3 mm. As a result, the antenna structure can be installed in a simple manner in the area of the communication module or the housing.
- the antenna structure can be at least partially encapsulated with plastic. This has the advantage that the antenna structure is extremely stable and can be protected against moisture.
- the antenna structure can also be integrated into the housing during manufacture, so that the antenna structure forms an integral part of the housing.
- the antenna structure can also be provided in accessories already provided for the consumption meter or the communication module, such as. B. a wall bracket or the like, integrated or cast. This means that no dedicated accessory is required for the antenna structure.
- the antenna structure can expediently be designed in such a way that the electromagnetic field generated by the external antenna structure excites metallic components arranged in the vicinity of the antenna structure.
- the nearby (metal) parts of the meter installation such as. B. the housing or the housing of the consumption meter, metallic pipe installations and / or cables, also contribute positively to the radiation performance or antenna efficiency, whereby the radiation properties of the antenna are modified.
- the present invention claims an antenna structure for use on a communication module.
- the antenna structure in this case has a flat two-dimensional orientation, is configured in a meandering manner and comprises elongated elements arranged parallel to one another, preferably two of the elongated elements in each case being connected to one another via a widening.
- the widenings are preferably rectangular flat areas which are arranged on the end faces of the antenna structure.
- the antenna structure is made of an oscillatable material, preferably metal, in particular sheet metal.
- the antenna structure can expediently have mechanical fastening means integrated therein, in particular holding clips ("clip-on").
- the antenna structure can be installed and retrofitted in a simple manner by means of the fastening means.
- the fastening means are fastened directly to the antenna structure or to a potting surrounding the antenna structure.
- the fastening means can be attached to the potting compound after it has hardened or can be arranged during the potting process in order to simplify the assembly process even further.
- the dimensions of the antenna structure in terms of their height and width preferably correspond at least substantially to the dimensions of the communication module. This has the advantage that the antenna structure works well in the area of the communication module, e.g. B. between the communication module and the housing. This also creates a particularly advantageous electromagnetic field.
- Reference number 1 in Fig. 1 denotes a meter installation for consumption data acquisition and transmission according to the prior art.
- the meter installation 1 comprises a housing 2, preferably made of plastic or metal, which is open towards the front and can be closed by means of a door 3.
- a consumption measuring device 4 is accommodated in the housing 2.
- the consumption meter 4 it can be according to Fig. 1 act, for example, a gas meter, which is connected to a gas supply network, for. B. in the gas supply network of a household, can be installed.
- the gas meter can determine the gas consumption of the household and display it on the meter reading 8.
- the housing 2 and the door 3 are preferably made of metal, plastic or the like in order to protect against manipulation and / or damage.
- the gas meter or the consumption measuring device 4 is connected to a communication module 5 via a short cable 7.
- the communication module 5 can the data determined by the consumption meter 4, such as. B. store the current meter reading, average consumption, temperature or the like on a data storage device 12.
- a transmitting and receiving unit 13 of the communication module 5 can access the data memory 12 and transmit the data via an integrated antenna 6.
- the antenna 6 is usually linearly polarized and can either vertical polarization, i. H. with an electric field perpendicular to the earth's surface, or a horizontal polarization, d. H. with an electric field running parallel to the earth's surface.
- the antenna 6 can be used to transmit the data from the transmitting and receiving unit 13 wirelessly within a communication system (not shown).
- the integrated in the communication module 5 antenna 6 interacts with nearby metal parts, such as. B. the consumption meter 4, the connecting device 9 or the pipe installation, whereby the radiation properties of the antenna can be negatively affected.
- the directional diagram of the antenna can be aligned in such a way that the range is enormously reduced.
- the wireless data transmission between the communication module 5 and the higher-level communication system is preferably carried out by radio.
- the consumption data of the consumption measuring device 4 can initially be collected and temporarily stored via a central data collector (also not shown) be before this either via a fixed connection, such as. B. LAN or Powerline, or a wireless connection, such as. B. radio, are transmitted to a higher-level data center of the communication system.
- the transmission quality of the integrated antenna 6 is improved by means of an external antenna structure 10 which is not galvanically connected to the communication module 5.
- a first embodiment of the external antenna structure 10 according to the invention is shown in FIG Fig. 2 shown.
- Reference number 10 in Fig. 2 denotes the external antenna structure that can be installed in the area of the communication module 5.
- the design and the dimensions of the antenna structure 10 can be individually adapted to the respective installation situation or a specific radio frequency.
- the antenna structure 10 is preferably as in FIG Fig. 2 shown, oriented essentially two-dimensionally, ie it essentially extends in height and width. In depth, it is only a few millimeters thick (preferably ⁇ 0.3 mm).
- the external antenna structure 10 is constructed in a meandering fashion and has parallel, elongated elements 15 and widenings 16 which connect the elements 15 to one another on the end face, as a result of which a continuous antenna structure 10 comprising two ends is formed.
- the antenna structure 10 can hold elements or mechanical fastening means (in Fig. 2 not shown), such as. B. clips, clips or adhesive tape, which are attached to the antenna structure 10 in a simple manner or as an integral part of the antenna structure 10 during the manufacturing process (z. B. punching).
- Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of a meter installation 1 with an inventive arrangement for radio transmission.
- the integrated units of the communication module 5 are shown in FIG Fig. 3 not shown.
- the external antenna structure 10 is fixed between the communication module 5 and the housing 2.
- the antenna structure 10 can be attached to the communication module 5 or to the housing 2. It is galvanically isolated from the communication module 5 and from the housing 2. This can e.g. B. by means of an adhesive connection and / or a clamp connection ("clip-on antenna structure").
- the height and width of the external antenna structure 10 essentially corresponds to the dimensions of the communication module 5 and is arranged flat behind the communication module 5.
- the antenna structure 10 is dimensioned such that it is resonant at the operating frequency of the communication module 5, i. H. that it can be easily coupled to the internal antenna 6 of the communication module 5.
- the coupling describes the interaction between antenna structure 10 and antenna 6, due to the excitation of antenna structure 10 by antenna 6.
- the radiation properties of the internal antenna 6 can expediently be improved in that the radiated power of the antenna 6 is increased by the external antenna structure 10, which is noticeable in an increase in the antenna efficiency.
- the directional diagram in the far field i.e. H. improved the relative identity of the energy radiation or the electrical or magnetic field strength in the far field in such a way that the intensity of the energy radiation is evenly distributed in all spatial directions.
- the electrical field of the antenna structure 10 can run essentially perpendicular to the electrical field of the antenna 6.
- This z. B. compensated for a horizontal or vertical polarization of the antenna 6 by a polarization of the antenna structure 10 oriented perpendicular to the polarization of the antenna 6.
- the range of the communication module 5 or the antenna 6 of the communication module 5 can be increased by virtue of the fact that, in addition to the radiation direction of the antenna 6, radiation takes place in the other radiation direction in accordance with the polarization of the antenna structure 10.
- the external antenna structure 10 can also change the near field in the immediate vicinity of the communication module 5.
- the antenna structure 10 can be designed in such a way that (metal) parts of the meter installation 1 located in the vicinity of the antenna structure 10 are excited in such a way that they also contribute positively to the radiation.
- the metal housing of the consumption meter 4 the metal connection device 9 or the pipe installation can be used to improve the radiation.
- the housing of the consumption measuring device 4 can be excited to vibrate, which thus acts as part of the antenna 6.
- the antenna efficiency and the directional diagram of the antenna 6 are additionally improved by a more uniform radiation in both linear polarization directions.
- Reference number 10 in Fig. 4 denotes the external antenna structure according to the invention.
- the external antenna structure 10 is in this case with a potting compound 11 based on plastic, e.g. B. cast resin, potted around the antenna structure 10, such as. B. to protect against aging due to moisture and pollution.
- the potting compound 11 is selected such that it cures quickly after casting and has good durability properties.
- the antenna structure 10 has clamps 14 attached to the casting compound 11 as a mechanical fastening means, in order to attach the antenna structure 10 to the communication module 5, for example, by means of clips (“clip-on”).
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Funkübertragung von Verbrauchsdaten und/oder Zustandsdaten gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 sowie eine Antennenstruktur für den Einsatz in einer derartigen Anordnung nach Anspruch 6.The present invention relates to an arrangement for radio transmission of consumption data and / or status data according to the preamble of
Intelligente Verbrauchsmessgeräte, auch Smart Meter genannt, sind in einem Versorgungsnetz befindliche Verbrauchsmessgeräte, z. B. für Energie, Strom, Gas oder Wasser, die dem jeweiligen Anschlussbenutzer den tatsächlichen Verbrauch anzeigen und in ein Kommunikationsnetz eingebunden sind. Intelligente Verbrauchsmessgeräte haben den Vorteil, dass manuelle Ablesungen der Zählerstände entfallen und seitens des Versorgers kurzfristigere Rechnungstellungen gemäß dem tatsächlichen Verbrauch vorgenommen werden können. Durch kurzfristigere Ableseintervalle ist wiederum eine genauere Kopplung der Endkunden-tarife an die Entwicklung der Börsenstrompreise möglich. Auch können Versorgungsnetze wesentlich besser ausgelastet werden.Intelligent consumption meters, also called smart meters, are consumption meters located in a supply network, e.g. B. for energy, electricity, gas or water, which show the respective connection user the actual consumption and are integrated into a communication network. Intelligent consumption meters have the advantage that manual readings of the meter readings are no longer necessary and the supplier can make shorter-term bills according to the actual consumption. With shorter reading intervals, a more precise coupling of the end customer tariffs to the development of the exchange electricity prices is possible. Supply networks can also be used much better.
Intelligente Verbrauchsmessgeräte sind üblicherweise jeweils Wohneinheiten oder Wohnhäusern zugeordnet. Die dort anfallenden Messdaten können auf unterschiedlichste Weise ausgelesen werden. Messdaten können z. B. über das Stromnetz (Power Line) oder per Mobilfunktechnologie in Form von Datenpaketen oder Telegrammen ausgelesen werden. Ferner können die Messdaten dadurch in ein überörtliches Netzwerk eingebunden werden. Für die Funkübertragung, beispielsweise im Mobilfunk oder ISM (Industrial, Scientific, Medical)-Band-Frequenzbereich, werden den Verbrauchsmessgeräten in der Regel Kommunikationsmodule zugeordnet, die im Bereich der Verbrauchsmessgeräte installiert sind. Die Kommunikationsmodule besitzen hierbei in der Regel eine fest vorinstallierte Sende- und Empfangseinheit sowie eine integrierte Antennen zum Senden und Empfangen der Datenpakete.Intelligent consumption meters are usually assigned to residential units or houses. The measurement data generated there can be read in a variety of ways. Measurement data can e.g. B. can be read out via the power network (Power Line) or via mobile radio technology in the form of data packets or telegrams. Furthermore, the measurement data can be integrated into a local network. For radio transmission, for example in the mobile radio or ISM (industrial, scientific, medical) band frequency range, the consumption measuring devices are generally assigned communication modules which are installed in the area of the consumption measuring devices. The communication modules usually have a pre-installed transmitter and receiver unit and an integrated antenna for sending and receiving the data packets.
Zweckmäßigerweise sind die Verbrauchsmessgeräte sowie das zugehörige Kommunikationsmodul innerhalb eines Gehäuses angeordnet, um das Verbrauchsmessgerät sowie dessen Kommunikationsmodul vor Manipulation und Zerstörung zu schützen. Die zumeist massiv ausgestalteten Gehäuse beeinflussen jedoch die Abstrahleigenschaften der Antenne des Kommunikationsmoduls. Die Übertragungsqualität kann dadurch stark vermindert werden. Ferner zeigt sich, dass die integrierte Antenne eines Kommunikationsmoduls, je nach Antennentyp und Bauart des jeweiligen Kommunikationsmoduls, eine schlechtere Übertragungsqualität bedingen kann.The consumption measuring devices and the associated communication module are expediently arranged within a housing in order to protect the consumption measuring device and its communication module from manipulation and destruction. However, the mostly solid housings influence the radiation properties of the antenna of the communication module. This can greatly reduce the transmission quality. It also shows that the integrated antenna of a communication module, depending on the antenna type and design of the respective communication module, can cause poorer transmission quality.
Die
Die
Aus der
Eine zur externen Anordnung zu einer Antenne vorgesehene Umpolarisierungseinrichtung zur Erzeugung zirkular polarisierter Wellen ist aus der
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, eine Anordnung zur Verfügung zu stellen, mittels der die Übertragungsqualität des Kommunikationsmoduls verbessert wird, welche platzsparend und kostengünstig ist und in einfacher Weise installiert und nachgerüstet werden kann.The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement by means of which the transmission quality of the communication module is improved, which is space-saving and inexpensive and can be installed and retrofitted in a simple manner.
Die vorstehende Aufgabe wird durch die gesamte Lehre des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen beansprucht.The above object is achieved by the entire teaching of
Erfindungsgemäß ist eine Anordnung zur Funkübertragung von Verbrauchsdaten und/oder Zustandsdaten zur Verbesserung der Abstrahleigenschaften einer integrierten Antenne eines Kommunikationsmoduls vorgesehen, deren Antennenstruktur eine von der Antenne galvanisch getrennte, bezüglich des Kommunikationsmoduls externe, mechanische Befestigungsmittel umfassende Antennenstruktur ist. Bei der von der Antenne galvanisch getrennten elektrisch leitfähigen externen Antennenstruktur liegt keine elektrische Leitung zwischen der Antennenstruktur und der Antenne vor. Die Antennenstruktur ist hierbei derart ausgestaltet, dass sie durch die von der Antenne abgestrahlten elektromagnetischen Wellen ein elektromagnetisches Feld erzeugt, welches die Abstrahleigenschaften der Anordnung zur Funkübertragung, wie z. B. die abgestrahlte Leistung, die Reichweite oder dergleichen, modifiziert. Die Antennenstruktur ist mäanderförmig aus parallel zueinander angeordneten langgestreckten Elementen ausgestaltet.According to the invention, an arrangement for radio transmission of consumption data and / or status data to improve the radiation properties of an integrated antenna of a communication module is provided, the antenna structure of which is an antenna structure that is galvanically separated from the antenna and that includes mechanical fastening means that are external to the communication module. In the case of the electrically conductive external antenna structure which is electrically isolated from the antenna, there is no electrical line between the antenna structure and the antenna. The antenna structure is designed in such a way that it generates an electromagnetic field through the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna, which emits the radiation properties of the arrangement for radio transmission, such as. B. modified the radiated power, the range or the like. The antenna structure is configured in a meandering shape from elongated elements arranged parallel to one another.
Durch die mäanderförmige Ausgestaltung kann eine optimale Verstärkung der Abstrahlung der Antenne erzielt werden. Je nach Ausgestaltung bzw. nach der Orientierung der Antennenstruktur kann das Richtdiagramm der Antenne gezielt ausgebildet werden, sodass eine einheitliche Abstrahlung, d. h. eine in alle Richtungen nahezu gleiche Abstrahlung, erzeugt wird.
Zweckmäßigerweise erhöht das von der externen Antennenstruktur erzeugte elektromagnetische Feld die abgestrahlte Leistung der Anordnung zur Funkübertragung und verbessert dementsprechend die Übertragungsqualität.The meandering design allows an optimal amplification of the radiation from the antenna to be achieved. Depending on the design or on the orientation of the antenna structure, the directional diagram of the antenna can be specifically designed so that a uniform radiation, ie a radiation that is almost the same in all directions, is generated.
The electromagnetic field generated by the external antenna structure expediently increases the radiated power of the arrangement for radio transmission and accordingly improves the transmission quality.
Praktischerweise erzeugt die Anordnung mit der Antennenstruktur in Abhängigkeit von der Orientierung der Antennenstruktur eine gleichmäßigere Abstrahlung in alle Raumrichtungen als eine Anordnung ohne die erfindungsgemäße Antennenstruktur.Practically, the arrangement with the antenna structure, depending on the orientation of the antenna structure, produces a more uniform radiation in all spatial directions than an arrangement without the antenna structure according to the invention.
Vorzugsweise ist die Antennenstruktur auf die Betriebsfrequenz des Kommunikationsmoduls resonant. Daraus resultiert der Vorteil, dass die Antennenstruktur durch die abgestrahlten Wellen der Antenne des Kommunikationsmoduls angeregt und dadurch die Abstrahlleistung verstärkt wird.The antenna structure is preferably resonant to the operating frequency of the communication module. This has the advantage that the antenna structure is excited by the radiated waves of the antenna of the communication module and the radiation power is thereby increased.
Praktischerweise kann die Antennenstruktur eine flache zweidimensionale Ausrichtung aufweisen. Dadurch ist die Antennenstruktur in einfacher Weise als Stanzbauteil herstellbar und kann flexibel in bestehenden Systemen nachgerüstet werden.Practically, the antenna structure can have a flat two-dimensional orientation. As a result, the antenna structure can be produced in a simple manner as a stamped component and can be flexibly retrofitted in existing systems.
Vorzugsweise ist die Antennenstruktur aus Metall, insbesondere aus Blech, gefertigt. Die Antennenstruktur weist durch eine derartige Ausgestaltung optimale Abstrahlungseigenschaften auf und kann in einfacher Weise von den abgestrahlten Wellen der Antenne angeregt werden. Dadurch ist die Antennenstruktur robust, kostengünstig und einfach herzustellen. Praktischerweise kann sie demnach in ihrer äußeren Gestalt variabel ausgestaltet werden und ist in einfacher Weise für jegliches Gehäuseformat konfektionierbar.
Durch die parallel zueinander angeordneten langgestreckten Elemente kann ein möglichst homogenes elektromagnetisches Feld erzeugt werden, womit eine einheitliche und somit einfach auszurichtende Abstrahlung erreicht werden kann. Die langgestreckten Elemente können über stirnseitige Verbeiterungen und/oder Stege miteinander verbunden sein. Durch die Orientierung der Antennenstruktur bzw. der langgestreckten Elemente, z. B. in vertikaler oder horizontaler Ausrichtung, kann die Orientierung des elektromagnetischen Feldes der Antennenstruktur ausgerichtet werden.The antenna structure is preferably made of metal, in particular of sheet metal. With such a configuration, the antenna structure has optimum radiation properties and can be excited in a simple manner by the radiated waves of the antenna. This makes the antenna structure robust, inexpensive and easy to manufacture. Conveniently, the outer shape of the housing can therefore be varied and it can be easily assembled for any housing format.
The elongated elements arranged parallel to each other can generate an electromagnetic field that is as homogeneous as possible, with which a uniform and thus easy to align radiation can be achieved. The elongated elements can be connected to one another via front-side workings and / or webs. By orienting the antenna structure or the elongated elements, e.g. B. in vertical or horizontal alignment, the orientation of the electromagnetic field of the antenna structure can be aligned.
In bevorzugter Weise kann die Antennenstruktur eine Tiefe von weniger als 1 mm, vorzugsweise von weniger als 0,3 mm aufweisen. Dadurch kann die Antennenstruktur in einfacher Weise im Bereich des Kommunikationsmoduls bzw. des Gehäuses installiert werden.The antenna structure can preferably have a depth of less than 1 mm, preferably less than 0.3 mm. As a result, the antenna structure can be installed in a simple manner in the area of the communication module or the housing.
Ferner kann die Antennenstruktur zumindest teilweise mit Kunststoff vergossen sein. Daraus resultiert der Vorteil, dass die Antennenstruktur äußerst stabil ist und gegen Feuchtigkeit geschützt werden kann. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Antennenstruktur auch während der Herstellung des Gehäuses in dieses integriert werden, sodass die Antennenstruktur einen integralen Bestandteil des Gehäuses bildet.Furthermore, the antenna structure can be at least partially encapsulated with plastic. This has the advantage that the antenna structure is extremely stable and can be protected against moisture. Alternatively or additionally, the antenna structure can also be integrated into the housing during manufacture, so that the antenna structure forms an integral part of the housing.
Vorzugsweise kann die Antennenstruktur auch in bereits für das Verbrauchsmessgerät oder das Kommunikationsmodul vorgesehene Zubehörteile, wie z. B. einen Wandhalter oder dergleichen, integriert bzw. eingegossen sein. Dadurch ist kein dediziertes Zubehörteil für die Antennenstruktur nötig.Preferably, the antenna structure can also be provided in accessories already provided for the consumption meter or the communication module, such as. B. a wall bracket or the like, integrated or cast. This means that no dedicated accessory is required for the antenna structure.
Zweckmäßigerweise kann die Antennenstruktur, derart ausgestaltet sein, dass das von der externen Antennenstruktur erzeugte elektromagnetische Feld im Nahbereich der Antennenstruktur angeordnete metallische Bauteile anregt. Beispielsweise können dadurch die in der Nähe befindlichen (Metall-) Teile der Zählerinstallation, wie z. B. das Gehäuse oder das Gehäuse des Verbrauchsmessgerätes, metallische Rohrinstallationen und/oder Kabel, ebenfalls positiv zur Abstrahlungsleistung bzw. zur Antenneneffizienz beitragen, wodurch die Abstrahleigenschaften der Antenne modifiziert werden.The antenna structure can expediently be designed in such a way that the electromagnetic field generated by the external antenna structure excites metallic components arranged in the vicinity of the antenna structure. For example, the nearby (metal) parts of the meter installation, such as. B. the housing or the housing of the consumption meter, metallic pipe installations and / or cables, also contribute positively to the radiation performance or antenna efficiency, whereby the radiation properties of the antenna are modified.
Neben- oder untergeordnet beansprucht die vorliegende Erfindung eine Antennenstruktur für den Einsatz an einem Kommunikationsmodul. Die Antennenstruktur weist hierbei eine flache zweidimensionale Ausrichtung auf, ist mäanderförmig ausgestaltet und umfasst parallel zueinander angeordnete, langgestreckte Elemente, wobei vorzugsweise jeweils zwei der langgestreckten Elemente über eine Verbreiterung miteinander verbunden sind. Bei den Verbreiterungen handelt es sich um vorzugsweise rechteckige Flachbereiche, die an den Stirnseiten der Antennenstruktur angeordnet sind. Die Antennenstruktur ist aus schwingfähigem Material, bevorzugt aus Metall insbesondere aus Blech, gefertigt.In addition to or subordinate, the present invention claims an antenna structure for use on a communication module. The antenna structure in this case has a flat two-dimensional orientation, is configured in a meandering manner and comprises elongated elements arranged parallel to one another, preferably two of the elongated elements in each case being connected to one another via a widening. The widenings are preferably rectangular flat areas which are arranged on the end faces of the antenna structure. The antenna structure is made of an oscillatable material, preferably metal, in particular sheet metal.
Zweckmäßigerweise kann die Antennenstruktur darin integrierte mechanische Befestigungsmittel, insbesondere Halteklammern ("Clip-on") aufweisen. Mittels des Befestigungsmittels kann die Antennenstruktur in einfacher Weise montiert und nachgerüstet werden. Beispielsweise sind die Befestigungsmittel direkt an der Antennenstruktur befestigt oder an einem die Antennenstruktur umgebenden Verguss. Ferner können die Befestigungsmittel nach dem Härten der Vergussmasse an dieser angebracht werden oder bereits während des Vergießens angeordnet werden, um den Montagevorgang noch zu vereinfachen.The antenna structure can expediently have mechanical fastening means integrated therein, in particular holding clips ("clip-on"). The antenna structure can be installed and retrofitted in a simple manner by means of the fastening means. For example, the fastening means are fastened directly to the antenna structure or to a potting surrounding the antenna structure. Furthermore, the fastening means can be attached to the potting compound after it has hardened or can be arranged during the potting process in order to simplify the assembly process even further.
Vorzugsweise entsprechen die Abmessungen der Antennenstruktur bezüglich deren Höhe und Breite zumindest im Wesentlichen den Abmessungen des Kommunikationsmoduls. Daraus resultiert der Vorteil, dass die Antennenstruktur gut im Bereich des Kommunikationsmoduls, z. B. zwischen Kommunikationsmodul und Gehäuse, montiert werden kann. Ferner wird hierdurch ein besonders vorteilhaftes elektromagnetisches Feld erzeugt.The dimensions of the antenna structure in terms of their height and width preferably correspond at least substantially to the dimensions of the communication module. This has the advantage that the antenna structure works well in the area of the communication module, e.g. B. between the communication module and the housing. This also creates a particularly advantageous electromagnetic field.
Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung werden anhand von Zeichnungsfiguren nachstehend näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine Ausgestaltung einer Zählerinstallation zur Verbrauchsdatenerfassung und -übertragung gemäß dem Stand der Technik in stark vereinfachter perspektivischer Darstellung;
- Fig. 2
- eine erste Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Antennenstruktur in Draufsicht;
- Fig. 3
- eine Ausgestaltung einer Zählerinstallation zur Verbrauchsdatenerfassung und -übertragung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung mit externer Antennenstruktur zur Verbesserung der Abstrahlungseigenschaften in stark vereinfachter perspektivischer Darstellung, sowie
- Fig. 4
- eine zweite Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Antennenstruktur in Draufsicht.
- Fig. 1
- an embodiment of a meter installation for consumption data acquisition and transmission according to the prior art in a greatly simplified perspective view;
- Fig. 2
- a first embodiment of the antenna structure according to the invention in plan view;
- Fig. 3
- an embodiment of a meter installation for consumption data acquisition and transmission with an arrangement according to the invention with an external antenna structure to improve the radiation properties in a greatly simplified perspective view, and
- Fig. 4
- a second embodiment of the antenna structure according to the invention in plan view.
Bezugsziffer 1 in
Der Gaszähler bzw. das Verbrauchsmessgerät 4 ist über ein kurzes Kabel 7 mit einem Kommunikationsmodul 5 verbunden. Das Kommunikationsmodul 5 kann hierbei die vom Verbrauchsmessgerät 4 ermittelten Daten, wie z. B. den aktuellen Zählerstand, den durchschnittlichen Verbrauch, die Temperatur oder dergleichen, auf einem Datenspeicher 12 abspeichern. Eine Sende- und Empfangseinheit 13 des Kommunikationsmoduls 5 kann auf den Datenspeicher 12 zugreifen und die Daten über eine integrierte Antenne 6 übertragen. Die Antenne 6 ist hierbei in der Regel linear polarisiert und kann entweder eine vertikale Polarisation, d. h. mit senkrecht zur Erdoberfläche verlaufendem elektrischem Feld, oder eine horizontale Polarisation, d. h. mit parallel zur Erdoberfläche verlaufendem elektrischem Feld, aufweisen. Mittels der Antenne 6 können die Daten von der Sende- und Empfangseinheit 13 drahtlos innerhalb eines Kommunikationssystems (nicht dargestellt) übertragen werden. Die in das Kommunikationsmodul 5 integrierte Antenne 6 wechselwirkt mit in der Nähe befindlichen Metallteilen, wie z. B. dem Verbrauchsmessgerät 4, der Anschlussvorrichtung 9 oder der Rohrinstallation, wodurch die Abstrahlungseigenschaften der Antenne negativ beeinflusst werden können. Beispielsweise kann dadurch das Richtdiagramm der Antenne derart ausgerichtet werden, dass die Reichweite enorm herabgesetzt wird.The gas meter or the
Vorzugsweise erfolgt die drahtlose Datenübertragung zwischen dem Kommunikationsmodul 5 und dem, nicht dargestellten, übergeordneten Kommunikationssystem über Funk. Die Verbrauchsdaten des Verbrauchsmessgerätes 4 können hierbei über einen, ebenfalls nicht dargestellten, zentralen Datensammler zunächst gesammelt und zwischengespeichert werden, bevor diese entweder über eine feste Verbindung, wie z. B. LAN oder Powerline, oder eine drahtlose Verbindung, wie z. B. Funk, an eine übergeordnete Datenzentrale des Kommunikationssystems übertragen werden.The wireless data transmission between the
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Übertragungsqualität der integrierten Antenne 6 mittels einer externen Antennenstruktur 10 verbessert, die mit dem Kommunikationsmodul 5 nicht galvanisch verbunden ist. Eine erste Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen externen Antennenstruktur 10 ist in
Die Antennenstruktur 10 ist derart dimensioniert, dass sie auf der Betriebsfrequenz des Kommunikationsmoduls 5 resonant ist, d. h. dass sie gut an die interne Antenne 6 des Kommunikationsmoduls 5 gekoppelt werden kann. Die Koppelung beschreibt hierbei die Wechselwirkung zwischen Antennenstruktur 10 und Antenne 6, aufgrund der Anregung der Antennenstruktur 10 durch die Antenne 6.The
Zweckmäßigerweise können die Abstrahleigenschaften der internen Antenne 6 dadurch verbessert werden, dass die abgestrahlte Leistung der Antenne 6 durch die externe Antennenstruktur 10 erhöht wird, was sich in einer Erhöhung der Antenneneffizienz bemerkbar macht. Hierbei wird das Richtdiagramm im Fernfeld, d. h. die relative Identität der Energieabstrahlung bzw. die elektrische oder magnetische Feldstärke im Fernfeld, dahingehend verbessert, dass die Intensität der Energieabstrahlung in alle Raumrichtungen gleichmäßig verteilt ist.The radiation properties of the
Beispielsweise kann das elektrische Feld der Antennenstruktur 10 im Wesentlichen senkrecht zum elektrischen Feld der Antenne 6 verlaufen. Dadurch wird z. B. eine horizontale oder vertikale Polarisierung der Antenne 6 durch eine senkrecht zur Polarisierung der Antenne 6 ausgerichteten Polarisierung der Antennenstruktur 10 ausgeglichen. Infolgedessen kann eine Erhöhung der Reichweite des Kommunikationsmoduls 5 bzw. der Antenne 6 des Kommunikationsmoduls 5 erreicht werden, dadurch, dass zusätzlich zur Abstrahlrichtung der Antenne 6 eine Abstrahlung in der jeweils anderen Abstrahlrichtung gemäß der Polarisation der Antennenstruktur 10 erfolgt.For example, the electrical field of the
Die externe Antennenstruktur 10 kann zudem das Nahfeld in der unmittelbaren Umgebung des Kommunikationsmoduls 5 verändern. Die Antennenstruktur 10 kann hierbei derart gestaltet werden, dass im Nahbereich der Antennenstruktur 10 befindliche (Metall-)Teile der Zählerinstallation 1 so angeregt werden, dass diese ebenfalls positiv zur Abstrahlung beitragen. Hierzu kann z. B. das metallene Gehäuse des Verbrauchsmessgerätes 4, die metallene Anschlussvorrichtung 9 oder die Rohrinstallation genutzt werden, um die Abstrahlung zu verbessern. Beispielsweise kann das Gehäuse des Verbrauchsmessgerätes 4 zum Schwingen angeregt werden, welches somit als Teil der Antenne 6 wirkt. Dadurch wird die Antenneneffizienz sowie das Richtdiagramm der Antenne 6 durch ein gleichmäßigeres Abstrahlen in beiden linearen Polarisationsrichtungen zusätzlich verbessert.The
Bezugsziffer 10 in
- 11
- Zählerinstallationmeter installation
- 22
- Gehäusecasing
- 33
- Türdoor
- 44
- Verbrauchsmessgerätconsumption meter
- 55
- Kommunikationsmodulcommunication module
- 66
- Antenneantenna
- 77
- Kabelelectric wire
- 88th
- ZählerstandanzeigeCounter display
- 99
- Anschlussvorrichtungconnection device
- 1010
- Antennenstrukturantenna structure
- 1111
- Vergussmassepotting compound
- 1212
- Datenspeicherdata storage
- 1313
- Sende- und EmpfangseinheitSending and receiving unit
- 1414
- Klammerclip
- 1515
- langgestrecktes Elementelongated element
- 1616
- Verbreiterungwidening
Claims (7)
- Arrangement for radio transmission of consumption data and/or state data, comprising
a consumption meter (4),
a communication module (5) having an antenna (6) for transmitting the consumption data and/or state data of the consumption meter (4), and
at least one antenna structure separate from the antenna (6),
wherein the antenna structure is configured such that it uses the waves emitted by the antenna (6) to generate an electromagnetic field that modifies the emission properties of the arrangement for radio transmission, and the antenna structure is an antenna structure (10) DC-isolated from the antenna (6) and having mechanical mounting means, characterized in that the antenna structure (10) is of meandrous configuration comprising elongate elements (15) arranged in parallel with one another, and the antenna structure is external relative to the communication module (5). - Arrangement according to Claim 1, characterized in that depending on the orientation of the antenna structure (10) the arrangement having an antenna structure (10) produces a more uniform emission in the directional pattern than the arrangement without an antenna structure (10).
- Arrangement according to at least either of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the antenna structure (10) is resonant at the operating frequency of the communication module (5). - Arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that the antenna structure (10) has a flat two-dimensional alignment and/or is made from metal, in particular from sheet metal, and/or has a depth of less than 1 mm, preferably of less than 0.3 mm. - Arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that at least part of the antenna structure (10) is encapsulated with encapsulating compound (11), preferably made from plastic. - Antenna structure (10) for use in an arrangement according to at least one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that two of the elongate elements (15) in each case are connected via an end widened portion (16). - Antenna structure (10) according to Claim 6,
characterized
in that the dimensions of the antenna structure (10) correspond in terms of the height and width thereof to the dimensions of the communication module (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102016011652.8A DE102016011652A1 (en) | 2016-09-28 | 2016-09-28 | Arrangement for the radio transmission of consumption data and / or status data |
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EP3301755A1 EP3301755A1 (en) | 2018-04-04 |
EP3301755B1 true EP3301755B1 (en) | 2019-12-25 |
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EP (1) | EP3301755B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016011652A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2770431T3 (en) |
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CN109524761A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-03-26 | 杭州易和互联软件技术有限公司 | A kind of ammeter coupled antenna |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0044502A1 (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1982-01-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Polarising device for conversion of linearly polarised into circularly polarised electromagnetic waves, mounted in front of a parabolic reflector antenna |
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DE102007008469A1 (en) * | 2007-02-19 | 2008-08-28 | Techem Energy Services Gmbh | Measurement/report values transmitting device for use in e.g. electricity meter, has secondary antenna that is not connected with primary antenna, fixed outside housing, and coupled to primary antenna by near field coupling |
US8228209B2 (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2012-07-24 | Rf Savvy Llc | Smart meter cover with integral untethered antenna elements for AMI communications |
US9118095B2 (en) | 2011-09-02 | 2015-08-25 | Rf Savvy Technologies, Llc | Capacitive RF coupler for utility smart meter radio frequency communications |
CN104335506B (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2018-10-19 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Wireless device |
-
2016
- 2016-09-28 DE DE102016011652.8A patent/DE102016011652A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0044502A1 (en) * | 1980-07-17 | 1982-01-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Polarising device for conversion of linearly polarised into circularly polarised electromagnetic waves, mounted in front of a parabolic reflector antenna |
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