EP3297013B1 - High voltage switching apparatus and switchgear using a high voltage switching apparatus and method for producing a high voltage switching apparatus - Google Patents

High voltage switching apparatus and switchgear using a high voltage switching apparatus and method for producing a high voltage switching apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3297013B1
EP3297013B1 EP16189599.0A EP16189599A EP3297013B1 EP 3297013 B1 EP3297013 B1 EP 3297013B1 EP 16189599 A EP16189599 A EP 16189599A EP 3297013 B1 EP3297013 B1 EP 3297013B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastics
voltage switching
cavity
switching device
contact element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16189599.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3297013A1 (en
Inventor
Edenilson de Oliveira Hillmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rail Power Systems GmbH
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Rail Power Systems GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Rail Power Systems GmbH filed Critical Rail Power Systems GmbH
Priority to EP16189599.0A priority Critical patent/EP3297013B1/en
Priority to CN201780057462.9A priority patent/CN109844893B/en
Priority to PCT/EP2017/073517 priority patent/WO2018054849A1/en
Priority to US16/333,633 priority patent/US20190259553A1/en
Publication of EP3297013A1 publication Critical patent/EP3297013A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3297013B1 publication Critical patent/EP3297013B1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66238—Specific bellows details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage switching device with a vacuum interrupter and a switchgear with a high-voltage switching device.
  • the invention relates to a method for producing a high-voltage switching device with a vacuum interrupter.
  • Switchgear with which the electrical energy is distributed is used in networks of electrical power lines. Switchgears have switchgear that create or separate an electrically conductive connection between electrical contacts. In high-voltage or medium-voltage networks, high-voltage switching devices are used which meet the electrical requirements for the high voltages in high-voltage or medium-voltage networks. The voltages of the high-voltage networks are generally over 52 kV and the medium-voltage networks between 1kV and 52kV.
  • High-voltage switching devices which have a vacuum interrupter in which the electrical contacts are arranged.
  • switching devices are also known in which the electrical contacts are in a gas atmosphere made of insulating gas, for example SF 6 .
  • insulating gas for example SF 6
  • the use of vacuum interrupters offers the advantage that load currents and short-circuit currents can be interrupted in a relatively small volume without the risk of hot switching gases being emitted.
  • a particularly long insulation section is required in air-insulated switchgear, which is why these switchgear take up a particularly large amount of space.
  • Switchgear with a vacuum interrupter are, for example, from the DE 31 12 776 A1 and DE 40 27 723 A1 known.
  • the known vacuum interrupters have an immovable contact element with a contact and a contact element movable in the axial direction of the vacuum interrupter with a contact, which is made up of the vacuum interrupter extends.
  • the conductor parts forming the current path are connected to the contact elements.
  • the movable contact element is actuated by an actuating member which is sealed off from the housing body of the switching device.
  • the actuator can be driven by an electric drive unit.
  • the DE 27 39 811 A1 describes a high-voltage switching device with a housing body, in which a vacuum switching chamber is provided which has an immovable switching contact element and a switching contact element movable in the axial direction, to which conductor parts forming the current path are connected.
  • the movable switch contact element which extends out of the vacuum interrupter chamber, is connected via an insulation body to an actuating member which is movable in the axial direction.
  • a cavity filled with an insulation liquid is formed in the housing body, into which the movable switching contact element extends from the vacuum switching chamber.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a high-voltage switching device that requires the formation of a relatively short insulation path and thus has a more compact structure compared to the prior art.
  • the invention is also based on the object of providing a switchgear assembly which is distinguished by a particularly compact construction.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method with which a high-voltage switching device with a particularly compact structure can be produced simply and inexpensively.
  • the high-voltage switching device has a one-part or multi-part housing body in which a vacuum interrupter is provided.
  • the vacuum switching chamber has an immovable switching contact element and a switching contact element movable in the axial direction, the movable switching contact element extending out of the vacuum switching chamber and being connected via an insulation body to an actuating member movable in the axial direction.
  • the conductor parts forming the current path are connected to the immovable switch contact element and the movable switch contact element.
  • An actuator is understood to mean all means with which the movable switching contact element can be axially displaced in order to close or open the contacts.
  • the actuator can consist of one or more parts.
  • a cavity filled with an insulation liquid is formed in the housing body, the movable switching contact element extending from the vacuum chamber into the cavity and the actuating member in turn extending from the cavity filled with insulation liquid.
  • the high-voltage switching device is distinguished by the fact that a sealing arrangement that seals the actuating member from the housing body is provided in the cavity filled with insulating liquid. This ensures a safe interruption of the load current and the short-circuit current with a relatively short insulation path. As a result, the high-voltage switching device can have a compact structure.
  • a sealing arrangement is understood to mean all means with which a liquid-tight seal with respect to the housing body or parts of the housing body can take place.
  • An arrangement of the sealing arrangement within the cavity is understood to mean that at least the parts of the sealing arrangement that form an assembly that is essential for the sealing are arranged within the cavity. This does not exclude that individual parts which are connected to the sealing arrangement cannot also be located outside the cavity, for example they can have an outwardly facing surface.
  • the high-voltage switching device provides that the sealing arrangement has a bellows which is arranged in the cavity and which surrounds the actuating member which extends from the liquid-filled chamber in order to seal the actuating member with respect to the housing body. Since the bellows is a component of the sealing arrangement that takes up a relatively large amount of space, the switching device has a more compact structure than a switching device in which a bellows for sealing is arranged outside a chamber filled with insulating liquid or an insulating gas. Such a switching device is for example from the DE 31 13 776 A1 known.
  • the bellows can be connected to earth potential. Since the bellows is not in an air-filled room, but within the chamber filled with insulation liquid, the risk of flashover of parts of the switching device that are at a high potential is reduced. Therefore, the high-voltage switching device can be made compact.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment provides that the cavity is closed with a cover that is sealed with respect to the housing body, for example with a removable plate, one end piece of the bellows being sealed in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the cover. Closing the cavity with a cover offers advantages for the manufacture of the high-voltage switching device.
  • the housing body comprises a plastic body that at least partially surrounds the liquid-filled cavity.
  • the plastic body can consist of one or more plastic elements which are connected to one another.
  • the plastic body advantageously consists of a plurality of plastic elements which can be produced simply and inexpensively by the injection molding process and then connected to one another. Individual plastic elements can be inserted into one another and / or glued or welded together.
  • plastic body not only improves the electrical properties of the switching device, but also simplifies its manufacture. Corners and edges of the live conductor parts of the switching device located within the plastic body or the plastic elements, for example a movable conductor part that is electrically connected to the movable contact element, cause a strongly inhomogeneous electrical field.
  • the plastic elements can have rounded corners and edges and consist of an electrically conductive plastic, preferably mixed with a conductive material, for example carbon. These plastic elements can have the same potential as the live components. As a result, the electric field becomes more homogeneous to the outside, so that field control takes place.
  • the housing body preferably comprises a potting body, which at least partially surrounds the vacuum interrupter and the plastic body. Since the plastic elements have the same potential as the live components, the outer shell of the housing body consisting of a casting compound, for example cast resin, is less stressed.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the plastic body comprises a first shell-shaped plastic element and a second shell-shaped plastic element, the conductor parts forming the current path comprising a movable conductor part which is electrically connected to the movable contact element.
  • the movable conductor part is arranged in the cavity and is at least partially enclosed by the first and second plastic elements.
  • the corners and edges of the plastic body enclosing the movable conductor part or the corners and edges of its plastic elements are rounded and the plastic body or the plastic elements consist of an electrically conductive plastic, so that they can assume the same potential as the movable conductor part.
  • the plastic body comprises a cylindrical plastic element which at least partially surrounds the sealing arrangement.
  • This plastic element is preferably not conductive and therefore cannot carry any potential.
  • the plastic element can ensure the isolation between potential-carrying components and the actuator, which is at ground potential.
  • the plastic element preferably has lamellae, so that the creepage distance is increased.
  • the plastic body is sealed off from the vacuum interrupter, so that casting resin cannot get into a gap between the plastic body and the vacuum interrupter.
  • Cutting edges are preferably provided on the plastic body, the housing body of the vacuum interrupter chamber, which can consist of metallic or ceramic materials, being at least partially enclosed by a material into which the cutting edges can cut when the components are assembled.
  • the switchgear according to the invention has one or more switchgear according to the invention.
  • a high-voltage switching device can be produced simply and inexpensively, in which the movable switching contact element extends out of the vacuum switching chamber into a cavity filled with an insulating liquid.
  • the plastic elements of the plastic body serve, on the one hand, to prevent the potting compound from getting into the volume enclosed by the plastic elements during casting, for example with epoxy resin. This ensures that the components remain movable within the plastic elements. Since pressures greater than 1 bar can occur during casting, the mechanical strength of the plastic elements must be given. In order to prevent cast resin from penetrating at the interfaces of the plastic elements, they can be inserted into one another and / or glued or welded to one another.
  • a casting mold which corresponds in shape and dimensions to the contour of the housing body of the switching device.
  • the vacuum interrupter and the plastic body or the plastic elements are introduced into the casting mold. These plastic elements then form part of the casting mold.
  • the shape and dimensions of the plastic elements therefore determine the shape and dimensions of the housing body, in particular of the parts of the housing body in which the vacuum interrupter chamber is located and in which the chamber to be filled with insulation liquid is formed.
  • the space between the wall of the casting mold and the vacuum interrupter and the plastic body is encapsulated with a potting compound to create a encapsulating body enclosing the vacuum interrupter and the plastic body, in which a cavity enclosed by the plastic body remains.
  • the actuating member and the insulating body as well as the sealing arrangement and possibly further components are inserted into the cavity of the switching device and the cavity is filled with the insulating liquid, the cavity being closed with a cover which is sealed off from the potting body or plastic body.
  • the cover is preferably sealed off from the plastic body.
  • Fig. 1 shows the essential components of the invention of the high-voltage switching device
  • Fig. 2 shows only individual components of the switching device in an exploded view. The corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.
  • the high-voltage switching device has a housing body 1 consisting of several parts or components, which in the normal installation position has an upper housing half 1A and a lower housing half 1B.
  • a vacuum switching chamber 2 In the upper housing half 1A there is a vacuum switching chamber 2 with a cylindrical housing 3, which receives an upper, fixed switching contact element 4 and a lower, movable switching contact element 5.
  • Both switch contact elements 4, 5 have plate-shaped contacts 4A, 5A, which are located within the housing 3 of the vacuum switching chamber 2. By closing or opening the contacts 4A, 5A, the current path closed or interrupted, ie the load current and the short-circuit current are switched.
  • the switching contact element 5 which can be displaced in the axial direction of the vacuum switching chamber 2 has a shaft 5B which extends from the vacuum switching chamber into the chamber 6 filled with insulation liquid.
  • the shaft 5B of the movable switching contact element 5 is sealed in a vacuum-tight manner with respect to the housing 3 of the vacuum switching chamber 2 with a sealing arrangement, not shown.
  • the lower end of the shaft 5B is connected via an insulation body 7 to an actuating element 8 which extends from the liquid-filled chamber. By actuating the actuating member 8, the movable switching contact element 5 can be axially displaced, so that the contacts 4A, 5A are closed or opened.
  • the actuating member 8 has an upper, hollow cylindrical section 8A, which is located in the chamber 6 and a lower, pin-shaped section 8B, which is guided in the cylinder space of the upper section in a longitudinally displaceable manner and extends from the chamber 6.
  • the upper end piece of the lower section 8B is supported on a compression spring 9 in the cylinder space of the upper section 8A.
  • the upper section 8A also displaces, so that the movable switching contact element 5 is displaced axially.
  • the compression spring 9 serves to dampen the shocks when the actuating member 8 is actuated.
  • the actuating member 8 is driven by a drive unit (not shown) which displaces the lower section 8B in the axial direction.
  • the actuating member 8 is sealed against the housing body 1 with a sealing arrangement 10 in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the sealing arrangement 10 has a bellows 11, which encloses the upper section 8A of the actuating member 8, the upper end of the bellows 11 being connected in a liquid-tight manner to the upper section 8A of the actuating member 8.
  • the lower end of the bellows 11 is sealed in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the housing body 1.
  • the bellows 11 and the actuator 8 are on Earth potential.
  • the housing body 1 has an opening 23 which is closed in a liquid-tight manner by a cover 13.
  • the liquid-filled chamber 6 has an upper and lower chamber half 6A, 6B in the installed position.
  • a movable conductor part 12 for example a copper strip, which is connected to the shaft 5B of the movable switch contact element 5.
  • the movable conductor part 12 is electrically connected to further conductor parts 13 which form the current path, but which are only partially shown.
  • the fixed switching contact element 4 is also connected to further only partially shown conductor parts 14, which are also inserted into the housing body 1 or placed on the housing body.
  • the housing body 1 comprises a potting body 15, which encloses the vacuum switching chamber 2 and the liquid-filled chamber 6.
  • the potting body 1A forms the outer shell of the housing body 1.
  • the potting compound can be an epoxy resin.
  • Fig. 2 shows the plastic elements 16A, 16B, 16C in an exploded view.
  • the plastic body 16 has an upper, shell-shaped plastic element 16A and a lower, shell-shaped plastic element 16B in the upper chamber half 6A, which enclose the movable conductor part 12, and has a cylindrical plastic element 16C in the lower chamber half 6B, which encloses the bellows 11.
  • the plastic elements 16A, 16B, 16C are designed such that they can be assembled appropriately. They are plugged tightly together and / or glued or welded together. All plastic elements 16A, 16B, 16C have rounded corners or edges
  • the two plastic elements 16A, 16B in the upper chamber half 6A consist of an electrically conductive plastic, for example the plastic can be mixed with conductive carbon. Since these plastic elements 16A, 16B can assume the same potential as the movable conductor part 12 or other conductor parts in the chamber, the electrical field becomes more homogeneous to the outside.
  • the plastic element 16C in the lower chamber half 6B which is not made of a conductive plastic, cannot carry any potential.
  • This plastic element 6C is used for the safe isolation of live parts in the chamber 6 from the actuating element 8 which is at ground potential.
  • the plastic element 16C has lamellae 17 on the outside.
  • the cover 13 of the housing body 1, which closes the liquid-filled chamber 6, is sealed against the cylindrical plastic part 16C with a sealing ring 18 lying between the cover and the plastic part.
  • a casting mold (not shown in the figures) is used, which is designed such that it corresponds to the shape and dimensions of the housing body 1 of the switching device and the shape and dimensions of the vacuum switching chamber 2 and the other components of the switching device.
  • the vacuum interrupter 2 is inserted into the upper half of the casting mold, an interspace 19 remaining between the wall of the casting mold and the vacuum interrupter 2.
  • the plastic body 16 is inserted into the lower half of the casting mold, an intermediate space 20 also remaining between the wall of the casting mold and the plastic body 16.
  • the spaces 19, 20 between the casting mold and the vacuum interrupter or plastic body are then cast with a casting compound, for example with an epoxy resin.
  • the potting body 15 with the chamber 6 to be filled with insulation liquid is thereby created.
  • the upper plastic element 16A in the upper chamber half 6A has cutting edges 21 on the upper edge, which cut into a coating 3A of the housing 3 of the vacuum interrupter chamber 2, so that the potting compound, which has a relatively high viscosity in the liquid state, does not press into one Gap between that metallic or ceramic housing 3 of the vacuum interrupter 2 and the plastic element 16 can penetrate.
  • the movable conductor part 12, the actuating member 8, the insulation body 7 and the sealing arrangement 10 and, if appropriate, further components of the switching device are inserted into the cavity enclosed by the plastic part, and the cavity is filled with the insulation liquid.
  • the cavity is then closed in a liquid-tight manner by fitting the cover 13.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät mit einer Vakuumschaltkammer und eine Schaltanlage mit einem Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät. Darüber hinaus betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes mit einer Vakuumschaltkammer.The invention relates to a high-voltage switching device with a vacuum interrupter and a switchgear with a high-voltage switching device. In addition, the invention relates to a method for producing a high-voltage switching device with a vacuum interrupter.

In Netzwerken aus elektrischen Stromleitungen finden Schaltanlagen Verwendung, mit denen die elektrische Energie verteilt wird. Schaltanlagen verfügen über Schaltgeräte, die zwischen elektrischen Kontakten eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung herstellen oder trennen. In Hochspannungs- oder Mittelspannungsnetzen werden Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte verwendet, die den elektrischen Anforderungen an die hohen Spannungen in Hochspannungs- oder Mittelspannungsnetzen genügen. Die Spannungen der Hochspannungsnetze liegen im Allgemeinen über 52 kV und der Mittelspannungsnetze zwischen 1kV und 52kV.Switchgear with which the electrical energy is distributed is used in networks of electrical power lines. Switchgears have switchgear that create or separate an electrically conductive connection between electrical contacts. In high-voltage or medium-voltage networks, high-voltage switching devices are used which meet the electrical requirements for the high voltages in high-voltage or medium-voltage networks. The voltages of the high-voltage networks are generally over 52 kV and the medium-voltage networks between 1kV and 52kV.

Es sind Hochspannungs-Schaltgeräte bekannt, die über eine Vakuumschaltkammer verfügen, in der die elektrischen Kontakte angeordnet sind. Es sind aber auch Schaltgeräte bekannt, bei denen sich die elektrischen Kontakte in einer Gasatmosphäre aus Isoliergas, beispielsweise SF6, befinden. Die Verwendung von Vakuumschaltkammern bietet im Gegensatz zu mit Isoliergas befüllten Kammern den Vorteil, dass Lastströme und Kurzschlussströme in einem relativ kleinen Volumen unterbrochen werden können, ohne dass die Gefahr der Emission heißer Schaltgase besteht. In luftisolierten Schaltgeräten wird eine besonders lange Isolationsstrecke benötigt, weshalb diese Schaltgeräte besonders viel Raum beanspruchen.High-voltage switching devices are known which have a vacuum interrupter in which the electrical contacts are arranged. However, switching devices are also known in which the electrical contacts are in a gas atmosphere made of insulating gas, for example SF 6 . In contrast to chambers filled with insulating gas, the use of vacuum interrupters offers the advantage that load currents and short-circuit currents can be interrupted in a relatively small volume without the risk of hot switching gases being emitted. A particularly long insulation section is required in air-insulated switchgear, which is why these switchgear take up a particularly large amount of space.

Schaltgeräte mit Vakuumschaltkammer sind beispielsweise aus der DE 31 12 776 A1 und DE 40 27 723 A1 bekannt. Die bekannten Vakuumschaltkammern weisen ein unbewegliches Kontaktelement mit einem Kontakt und ein in axialer Richtung der Vakuumschaltkammer bewegliches Kontaktelement mit einem Kontakt auf, das sich aus der Vakuumschaltkammer erstreckt. An den Kontaktelementen sind die den Strompfad bildenden Leiterteile angeschlossen. Das bewegliche Kontaktelement wird von einem Betätigungsorgan betätigt, das gegenüber dem Gehäusekörper des Schaltgerätes abgedichtet ist. Der Antrieb des Betätigungsorgans kann mit einer elektrischen Antriebseinheit erfolgen.Switchgear with a vacuum interrupter are, for example, from the DE 31 12 776 A1 and DE 40 27 723 A1 known. The known vacuum interrupters have an immovable contact element with a contact and a contact element movable in the axial direction of the vacuum interrupter with a contact, which is made up of the vacuum interrupter extends. The conductor parts forming the current path are connected to the contact elements. The movable contact element is actuated by an actuating member which is sealed off from the housing body of the switching device. The actuator can be driven by an electric drive unit.

Die DE 27 39 811 A1 beschreibt ein Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät mit einem Gehäusekörper, in dem eine Vakuumschaltkammer vorgesehen ist, die ein unbewegliches Schaltkontaktelement und ein in axialer Richtung bewegliches Schaltkontaktelement aufweist, an denen den Strompfad bildende Leiterteile angeschlossen sind. Das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement, das sich aus der Vakuumschaltkammer heraus erstreckt, ist über einen Isolationskörper mit einem in axialer Richtung beweglichen Betätigungsorgan verbunden. In dem Gehäusekörper ist ein mit einer Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllter Hohlraum ausgebildet ist, in den sich das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement aus der Vakuumschaltkammer erstreckt.The DE 27 39 811 A1 describes a high-voltage switching device with a housing body, in which a vacuum switching chamber is provided which has an immovable switching contact element and a switching contact element movable in the axial direction, to which conductor parts forming the current path are connected. The movable switch contact element, which extends out of the vacuum interrupter chamber, is connected via an insulation body to an actuating member which is movable in the axial direction. A cavity filled with an insulation liquid is formed in the housing body, into which the movable switching contact element extends from the vacuum switching chamber.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät zu schaffen, das die Ausbildung einer nur relativ kurzen Isolationsstrecke erfordert und somit gegenüber dem Stand der Technik einen kompakteren Aufbau hat. Der Erfindung liegt auch die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaltanlage bereitzustellen, die sich durch einen besonders kompakten Aufbau auszeichnet. Eine weitere Aufgabe der Erfindung liegt darin, ein Verfahren anzugeben, mit dem sich ein Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät mit einem besonders kompakten Aufbau einfach und kostengünstig herstellen lässt.The invention has for its object to provide a high-voltage switching device that requires the formation of a relatively short insulation path and thus has a more compact structure compared to the prior art. The invention is also based on the object of providing a switchgear assembly which is distinguished by a particularly compact construction. Another object of the invention is to provide a method with which a high-voltage switching device with a particularly compact structure can be produced simply and inexpensively.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgaben erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Patentansprüche. Die abhängigen Ansprüche betreffen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Erfindung.According to the invention, these objects are achieved with the features of the independent claims. The dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments of the invention.

Das erfindungsgemäße Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät verfügt über einen einteiligen oder mehrteiligen Gehäusekörper, in dem eine Vakuumschaltkammer vorgesehen ist. Die Vakuumschaltkammer weist ein unbewegliches Schaltkontaktelement und ein in axialer Richtung bewegliches Schaltkontaktelement auf, wobei sich das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement aus der Vakuumschaltkammer heraus erstreckt und über einen Isolationskörper mit einem in axialer Richtung beweglichen Betätigungsorgan verbunden ist. An das unbewegliche Schaltkontaktelement und das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement sind die den Strompfad bildenden Leiterteile angeschlossen.The high-voltage switching device according to the invention has a one-part or multi-part housing body in which a vacuum interrupter is provided. The vacuum switching chamber has an immovable switching contact element and a switching contact element movable in the axial direction, the movable switching contact element extending out of the vacuum switching chamber and being connected via an insulation body to an actuating member movable in the axial direction. The conductor parts forming the current path are connected to the immovable switch contact element and the movable switch contact element.

Unter einem Betätigungsorgan werden sämtliche Mittel verstanden, mit denen sich das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement axial verschieben lässt, um die Kontakte zu schließen oder zu öffnen. Das Betätigungsorgan kann aus einem oder mehreren Teilen bestehen. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät ist in dem Gehäusekörper ein mit einer Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllter Hohlraum ausgebildet, wobei sich das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement aus der Vakuumkammer in den Hohlraum erstreckt und sich das Betätigungsorgan wiederum aus dem mit Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllten Hohlraum erstreckt. Das Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass eine das Betätigungsorgan gegenüber dem Gehäusekörper abdichtende Dichtanordnung in dem mit Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllten Hohlraum vorgesehen ist. Dadurch wird eine sichere Unterbrechung des Laststromes und des Kurzschlussstroms bei einer relativ kurzen Isolationsstrecke erreicht. Folglich kann das Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät einen kompakten Aufbau haben.An actuator is understood to mean all means with which the movable switching contact element can be axially displaced in order to close or open the contacts. The actuator can consist of one or more parts. In the high-voltage switching device according to the invention, a cavity filled with an insulation liquid is formed in the housing body, the movable switching contact element extending from the vacuum chamber into the cavity and the actuating member in turn extending from the cavity filled with insulation liquid. The high-voltage switching device is distinguished by the fact that a sealing arrangement that seals the actuating member from the housing body is provided in the cavity filled with insulating liquid. This ensures a safe interruption of the load current and the short-circuit current with a relatively short insulation path. As a result, the high-voltage switching device can have a compact structure.

Unter einer Dichtanordnung werden sämtliche Mittel verstanden, mit denen eine flüssigkeitsdichte Abdichtung gegenüber dem Gehäusekörper bzw. Teilen des Gehäusekörpers erfolgen kann. Unter einer Anordnung der Dichtanordnung innerhalb des Hohlraums wird verstanden, dass zumindest die Teile der Dichtanordnung, die eine für die Abdichtung wesentliche Baugruppe bilden, innerhalb des Hohlraums angeordnet sind. Dies schließt nicht aus, dass einzelne Teile, die mit der Dichtanordnung zusammenhängen, sich nicht auch außerhalb des Hohlraums befinden können, beispielsweise eine nach außen weisende Fläche aufweisen können.A sealing arrangement is understood to mean all means with which a liquid-tight seal with respect to the housing body or parts of the housing body can take place. An arrangement of the sealing arrangement within the cavity is understood to mean that at least the parts of the sealing arrangement that form an assembly that is essential for the sealing are arranged within the cavity. This does not exclude that individual parts which are connected to the sealing arrangement cannot also be located outside the cavity, for example they can have an outwardly facing surface.

Das Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes sieht vor, dass die Dichtanordnung einen in dem Hohlraum angeordneten Faltenbalg aufweist, der das sich aus der flüssigkeitsgefüllten Kammer erstreckende Betätigungsorgan umschließt, um das Betätigungsorgan gegenüber dem Gehäusekörper abzudichten. Da der Faltenbalg ein Bauteil der Dichtanordnung ist, das relativ viel Raum einnimmt, hat das Schaltgerät einen kompakteren Aufbau als ein Schaltgerät, bei dem ein Faltenbalg zur Abdichtung außerhalb einer mit Isolationsflüssigkeit oder einem Isolationsgas befüllten Kammer angeordnet ist. Ein derartiges Schaltgerät ist beispielsweise aus der DE 31 13 776 A1 bekannt.The high-voltage switching device provides that the sealing arrangement has a bellows which is arranged in the cavity and which surrounds the actuating member which extends from the liquid-filled chamber in order to seal the actuating member with respect to the housing body. Since the bellows is a component of the sealing arrangement that takes up a relatively large amount of space, the switching device has a more compact structure than a switching device in which a bellows for sealing is arranged outside a chamber filled with insulating liquid or an insulating gas. Such a switching device is for example from the DE 31 13 776 A1 known.

Der Faltenbalg kann auf Erdpotential gelegt werden. Da sich der Faltenbalg nicht in einem luftgefüllten Raum, sondern innerhalb der mit Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllten Kammer befindet, wird die Gefahr eines Überschlags von Teilen des Schaltgerätes, die auf einem hohen Potential liegen, verringert. Daher kann das Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät kompakt aufgebaut werden.The bellows can be connected to earth potential. Since the bellows is not in an air-filled room, but within the chamber filled with insulation liquid, the risk of flashover of parts of the switching device that are at a high potential is reduced. Therefore, the high-voltage switching device can be made compact.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass der Hohlraum mit einer gegenüber dem Gehäusekörper abgedichteten Abdeckung, beispielsweise mit einer abnehmbaren Platte, verschlossen ist, wobei das eine Endstück des Faltenbalges gegenüber der Abdeckung, flüssigkeitsdicht abgedichtet ist. Der Verschluss des Hohlraums mit einer Abdeckung bietet für die Herstellung des Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes Vorteile.A particularly preferred embodiment provides that the cavity is closed with a cover that is sealed with respect to the housing body, for example with a removable plate, one end piece of the bellows being sealed in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the cover. Closing the cavity with a cover offers advantages for the manufacture of the high-voltage switching device.

Ein anderer wesentlicher Aspekt der Erfindung, der von eigenständiger erfinderischer Bedeutung ist, liegt darin, dass der Gehäusekörper einen Kunststoffkörper umfasst, der den flüssigkeitsgefüllten Hohlraum zumindest teilweise umschließt. Der Kunststoffkörper kann aus einem oder mehreren Kunststoffelementen bestehen, die miteinander verbunden sind.Another essential aspect of the invention, which is of independent inventive importance, is that the housing body comprises a plastic body that at least partially surrounds the liquid-filled cavity. The plastic body can consist of one or more plastic elements which are connected to one another.

Vorteilhafterweise besteht der Kunststoffkörper aus mehreren Kunststoffelementen, die sich im Spritzgießverfahren einfach und kostengünstig herstellen und dann miteinander verbinden lassen. Einzelne Kunststoffelemente können ineinander gesteckt und/oder miteinander verklebt oder verschweißt werden.The plastic body advantageously consists of a plurality of plastic elements which can be produced simply and inexpensively by the injection molding process and then connected to one another. Individual plastic elements can be inserted into one another and / or glued or welded together.

Mit dem Einsatz eines Kunststoffkörpers können nicht nur die elektrischen Eigenschaften des Schaltgerätes verbessert, sondern auch dessen Herstellung vereinfacht werden. Ecken und Kanten der innerhalb des Kunststoffkörpers bzw. der Kunststoffelemente liegenden spannungsführenden Leiterteile des Schaltgerätes, beispielsweise ein bewegliches Leiterteil, das elektrisch mit dem beweglichen Kontaktelement verbunden ist, bewirken ein stark inhomogenes elektrisches Feld. Zur Verbesserung der elektrischen Eigenschaften können die Kunststoffelemente abgerundete Ecken und Kanten haben, und aus einem elektrisch leitenden Kunststoff bestehen, vorzugsweise mit einem leitenden Material, beispielsweise Kohlenstoff versetzt sein. Diese Kunststoffelemente können das gleiche Potential wie die spannungsführenden Bauteile annehmen. Folglich wird das elektrische Feld nach außen homogener, so dass eine Feldsteuerung stattfindet.The use of a plastic body not only improves the electrical properties of the switching device, but also simplifies its manufacture. Corners and edges of the live conductor parts of the switching device located within the plastic body or the plastic elements, for example a movable conductor part that is electrically connected to the movable contact element, cause a strongly inhomogeneous electrical field. To improve the electrical properties, the plastic elements can have rounded corners and edges and consist of an electrically conductive plastic, preferably mixed with a conductive material, for example carbon. These plastic elements can have the same potential as the live components. As a result, the electric field becomes more homogeneous to the outside, so that field control takes place.

Der Gehäusekörper umfasst vorzugsweise einen Vergusskörper, der die Vakuumschaltkammer und den Kunststoffkörper zumindest teilweise umschließt. Da die Kunststoffelemente das gleiche Potential wie die spannungsführenden Bauteile annehmen, wird die aus einer Vergussmasse, beispielsweise Gießharz, bestehende äußere Schale des Gehäusekörpers weniger belastet.The housing body preferably comprises a potting body, which at least partially surrounds the vacuum interrupter and the plastic body. Since the plastic elements have the same potential as the live components, the outer shell of the housing body consisting of a casting compound, for example cast resin, is less stressed.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform des Kunststoffkörpers umfasst ein erstes schalenförmiges Kunststoffelement und ein zweites schalenförmiges Kunststoffelement, wobei die den Strompfad bildendenden Leiterteile einen beweglichen Leiterteil umfassen, der elektrisch mit dem beweglichen Kontaktelement verbunden ist. Der bewegliche Leiterteil ist in dem Hohlraum angeordnet und wird von dem ersten und zweiten Kunststoffelement zumindest teilweise umschlossen. Bei dieser Ausführungsform sind die Ecken und Kanten des den beweglichen Leiterteil umschließende Kunststoffkörpers bzw. die Ecken und Kanten dessen Kunststoffelemente abgerundet und der Kunststoffkörper bzw. die Kunststoffelemente bestehen aus einem elektrisch leitenden Kunststoff, so dass sie das gleiche Potential wie der bewegliche Leiterteil annehmen können.A particularly preferred embodiment of the plastic body comprises a first shell-shaped plastic element and a second shell-shaped plastic element, the conductor parts forming the current path comprising a movable conductor part which is electrically connected to the movable contact element. The movable conductor part is arranged in the cavity and is at least partially enclosed by the first and second plastic elements. In this embodiment, the corners and edges of the plastic body enclosing the movable conductor part or the corners and edges of its plastic elements are rounded and the plastic body or the plastic elements consist of an electrically conductive plastic, so that they can assume the same potential as the movable conductor part.

Bei einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform umfasst der Kunststoffkörper ein zylindrisches Kunststoffelement, das die Dichtanordnung zumindest teilweise umschließt. Dieses Kunststoffelement ist vorzugsweise nicht leitfähig und kann daher kein Potential führen. Das Kunststoffelement kann die Isolierung zwischen potentialführenden Bauteilen und dem Betätigungsorgan sicherstellen, das auf Erdpotential liegt. Vorzugsweise weist das Kunststoffelement Lamellen auf, so dass der Kriechweg vergrößert wird.In a further particularly preferred embodiment, the plastic body comprises a cylindrical plastic element which at least partially surrounds the sealing arrangement. This plastic element is preferably not conductive and therefore cannot carry any potential. The plastic element can ensure the isolation between potential-carrying components and the actuator, which is at ground potential. The plastic element preferably has lamellae, so that the creepage distance is increased.

Für die vereinfachte Herstellung des Gehäusekörpers des Schaltgerätes in einem Spritzgießverfahren ist der Kunststoffkörper gegenüber der Vakuumschaltkammer abgedichtet, so dass Gießharz nicht in einen Spalt zwischen Kunststoffkörper und Vakuumschaltkammer gelangen kann. An dem Kunststoffkörper sind vorzugsweise Schneidkanten vorgesehen, wobei der Gehäusekörper der Vakuumschaltkammer, der aus metallischen oder keramischen Materialien bestehen kann, von einem Material zumindest teilweise umschlossen ist, in das die Schneidkanten beim Zusammenbau der Bauteile einschneiden können.To simplify the manufacture of the housing body of the switching device in an injection molding process, the plastic body is sealed off from the vacuum interrupter, so that casting resin cannot get into a gap between the plastic body and the vacuum interrupter. Cutting edges are preferably provided on the plastic body, the housing body of the vacuum interrupter chamber, which can consist of metallic or ceramic materials, being at least partially enclosed by a material into which the cutting edges can cut when the components are assembled.

Die erfindungsgemäße Schaltanlage weist ein oder mehrere erfindungsgemäße Schaltgeräte auf.The switchgear according to the invention has one or more switchgear according to the invention.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren kann ein Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät einfach und kostengünstig hergestellt werden, bei dem sich das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement aus der Vakuumschaltkammer heraus in einen mit einer Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllten Hohlraum erstreckt. Die Kunststoffelemente des Kunststoffkörpers dienen zum einen dazu, zu verhindern, dass während des Vergießens, beispielsweise mit Epoxidharz, die Vergussmasse in das von den Kunststoffelementen umschlossene Volumen gelangen kann. Dadurch wird sichergestellt, dass die Bauteile innerhalb der Kunststoffelemente beweglich bleiben. Da während des Vergießens Drücke größer 1 bar auftreten können, muss die mechanische Festigkeit der Kunststoffelemente gegeben sein. Um zu hindern, dass an den Grenzflächen der Kunststoffelemente Gießharz eindringen kann, können diese ineinander gesteckt und/oder miteinander verklebt oder verschweißt werden.With the method according to the invention, a high-voltage switching device can be produced simply and inexpensively, in which the movable switching contact element extends out of the vacuum switching chamber into a cavity filled with an insulating liquid. The plastic elements of the plastic body serve, on the one hand, to prevent the potting compound from getting into the volume enclosed by the plastic elements during casting, for example with epoxy resin. This ensures that the components remain movable within the plastic elements. Since pressures greater than 1 bar can occur during casting, the mechanical strength of the plastic elements must be given. In order to prevent cast resin from penetrating at the interfaces of the plastic elements, they can be inserted into one another and / or glued or welded to one another.

Für die Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes wird eine Vergussform bereitgestellt, die in der Form und den Dimensionen der Kontur des Gehäusekörpers des Schaltgerätes entspricht. In die Vergussform werden die Vakuumschaltkammer und der Kunststoffkörper bzw. die Kunststoffelemente eingebracht. Diese Kunststoffelemente bilden dann einen Teil der Vergussform. Die Form und die Abmessungen der Kunststoffelemente bestimmen daher Form und Abmessungen des Gehäusekörpers, insbesondere der Teile des Gehäusekörpers, in denen sich die Vakuumschaltkammer befindet und in denen die mit Isolationsflüssigkeit zu befüllende Kammer ausgebildet ist.For the manufacture of the high-voltage switching device according to the invention, a casting mold is provided which corresponds in shape and dimensions to the contour of the housing body of the switching device. The vacuum interrupter and the plastic body or the plastic elements are introduced into the casting mold. These plastic elements then form part of the casting mold. The shape and dimensions of the plastic elements therefore determine the shape and dimensions of the housing body, in particular of the parts of the housing body in which the vacuum interrupter chamber is located and in which the chamber to be filled with insulation liquid is formed.

Daraufhin wird der Zwischenraum zwischen der Wandung der Vergussform und der Vakuumschaltkammer und des Kunststoffkörpers mit einer Vergussmasse zur Schaffung eines die Vakuumschaltkammer und den Kunststoffkörper umschließenden Vergusskörpers vergossen, in dem ein von dem Kunststoffkörper umschlossener Hohlraum verbleibt.Then the space between the wall of the casting mold and the vacuum interrupter and the plastic body is encapsulated with a potting compound to create a encapsulating body enclosing the vacuum interrupter and the plastic body, in which a cavity enclosed by the plastic body remains.

Anschließend werden das Betätigungsorgan und der Isolationskörper sowie die Dichtanordnung sowie gegebenenfalls noch weitere Bauteile in den Hohlraum des Schaltgerätes eingesetzt und der Hohlraum wird mit der Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllt, wobei der Hohlraum mit einer Abdeckung verschlossen wird, die gegenüber dem Vergusskörper oder Kunststoffkörper abgedichtet wird. Vorzugsweise wird die Abdeckung gegenüber dem Kunststoffkörper abgedichtet.Then the actuating member and the insulating body as well as the sealing arrangement and possibly further components are inserted into the cavity of the switching device and the cavity is filled with the insulating liquid, the cavity being closed with a cover which is sealed off from the potting body or plastic body. The cover is preferably sealed off from the plastic body.

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen näher erläutert.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
ein Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes in teilweise geschnittener perspektivischer Darstellung und
Fig. 2
eine Explosionsdarstellung von einzelnen Bauteilen des erfindungsgemäßen Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes.
Show it:
Fig. 1
an embodiment of the high-voltage switching device according to the invention in a partially sectioned perspective view and
Fig. 2
an exploded view of individual components of the high-voltage switching device according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt die für die Erfindung wesentlichen Komponenten des Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes, während Fig. 2 nur einzelne Bauteile des Schaltgerätes in einer Explosionsdarstellung zeigt. Die einander entsprechenden Teile sind in den Figuren mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen. Fig. 1 shows the essential components of the invention of the high-voltage switching device, while Fig. 2 shows only individual components of the switching device in an exploded view. The corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals in the figures.

Das Hochspannungs-Schaltgerät weist einen aus mehreren Teilen oder Komponenten bestehenden Gehäusekörper 1 auf, der eine in der normalen Einbaulage obere Gehäusehälfte 1A und eine untere Gehäusehälfte 1B hat. In der oberen Gehäusehälfte 1A befindet sich eine Vakuumschaltkammer 2 mit einem zylindrischen Gehäuse 3, das ein oberes, feststehendes Schaltkontaktelement 4 und ein unteres, bewegliches Schaltkontaktelement 5 aufnimmt. Beide Schaltkontaktelemente 4, 5 weisen tellerförmige Kontakte 4A, 5A auf, die sich innerhalb des Gehäuses 3 der Vakuumschaltkammer 2 befinden. Durch Schließen oder Öffnen der Kontakte 4A, 5A kann der Strompfad geschlossen oder unterbrochen, d.h. der Laststrom und der Kurzschlussstrom geschaltet werden.The high-voltage switching device has a housing body 1 consisting of several parts or components, which in the normal installation position has an upper housing half 1A and a lower housing half 1B. In the upper housing half 1A there is a vacuum switching chamber 2 with a cylindrical housing 3, which receives an upper, fixed switching contact element 4 and a lower, movable switching contact element 5. Both switch contact elements 4, 5 have plate-shaped contacts 4A, 5A, which are located within the housing 3 of the vacuum switching chamber 2. By closing or opening the contacts 4A, 5A, the current path closed or interrupted, ie the load current and the short-circuit current are switched.

In der unteren Gehäusehälfte 1B ist eine Kammer 6 ausgebildet, die mit einer Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllt ist. Das in axialer Richtung der Vakuumschaltkammer 2 verschiebbare Schaltkontaktelement 5 weist einen Schaft 5B auf, der sich aus der Vakuumschaltkammer in die mit Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllte Kammer 6 erstreckt. Der Schaft 5B des beweglichen Schaltkontaktelements 5 ist gegenüber dem Gehäuse 3 der Vakuumschaltkammer 2 mit einer nicht dargestellten Dichtanordnung vakuumdicht abgedichtet. Das untere Ende des Schaftes 5B ist über einen Isolationskörper 7 mit einem Betätigungsorgan 8 verbunden, das sich aus der flüssigkeitsgefüllten Kammer erstreckt. Durch Betätigung des Betätigungsorgans 8 kann das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement 5 axial verschoben werden, so dass die Kontakte 4A, 5A geschlossen bzw. geöffnet werden.A chamber 6, which is filled with an insulation liquid, is formed in the lower housing half 1B. The switching contact element 5 which can be displaced in the axial direction of the vacuum switching chamber 2 has a shaft 5B which extends from the vacuum switching chamber into the chamber 6 filled with insulation liquid. The shaft 5B of the movable switching contact element 5 is sealed in a vacuum-tight manner with respect to the housing 3 of the vacuum switching chamber 2 with a sealing arrangement, not shown. The lower end of the shaft 5B is connected via an insulation body 7 to an actuating element 8 which extends from the liquid-filled chamber. By actuating the actuating member 8, the movable switching contact element 5 can be axially displaced, so that the contacts 4A, 5A are closed or opened.

Das Betätigungsorgan 8 weist ein oberes, hohlzylindrisches Teilstück 8A auf, das sich in der Kammer 6 befindet und ein unteres, stiftförmiges Teilstück 8B, das in dem Zylinderraum des oberen Teilstück längsverschiebbar geführt ist und sich aus der Kammer 6 erstreckt. Dabei stützt sich das obere Endstück des unteren Teilstücks 8B an einer Druckfeder 9 in dem Zylinderraum des oberen Teilstücks 8A ab. Wenn das untere Teilstück 8B verschoben wird, verschiebt sich auch das obere Teilstück 8A, so dass das bewegliche Schaltkontaktelement 5 axial verschoben wird. Die Druckfeder 9 dient der Dämpfung der Stöße bei der Betätigung des Betätigungsorgans 8. Der Antrieb des Betätigungsorgans 8 erfolgt mit einer nicht dargestellten Antriebeinheit, die das untere Teilstück 8B in axialer Richtung verschiebt.The actuating member 8 has an upper, hollow cylindrical section 8A, which is located in the chamber 6 and a lower, pin-shaped section 8B, which is guided in the cylinder space of the upper section in a longitudinally displaceable manner and extends from the chamber 6. The upper end piece of the lower section 8B is supported on a compression spring 9 in the cylinder space of the upper section 8A. When the lower section 8B is displaced, the upper section 8A also displaces, so that the movable switching contact element 5 is displaced axially. The compression spring 9 serves to dampen the shocks when the actuating member 8 is actuated. The actuating member 8 is driven by a drive unit (not shown) which displaces the lower section 8B in the axial direction.

Das Betätigungsorgan 8 ist gegenüber dem Gehäusekörper 1 mit einer Dichtanordnung 10 flüssigkeitsdicht abgedichtet. Die Dichtanordnung 10 weist einen Faltenbalg 11 auf, der das obere Teilstück 8A des Betätigungsorgans 8 umschließt, wobei das obere Ende des Faltenbalges 11 flüssigkeitsdicht mit dem oberen Teilstück 8A des Betätigungsorgans 8 verbunden ist. Das untere Ende des Faltenbalges 11 ist gegenüber dem Gehäusekörper 1 flüssigkeitsdicht abgedichtet. Der Faltenbalg 11 und das Betätigungsorgan 8 sind auf Erdpotential gelegt. An der Unterseite weist der Gehäusekörper 1 eine Öffnung 23 auf, die von einer Abdeckung 13 flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen ist.The actuating member 8 is sealed against the housing body 1 with a sealing arrangement 10 in a liquid-tight manner. The sealing arrangement 10 has a bellows 11, which encloses the upper section 8A of the actuating member 8, the upper end of the bellows 11 being connected in a liquid-tight manner to the upper section 8A of the actuating member 8. The lower end of the bellows 11 is sealed in a liquid-tight manner with respect to the housing body 1. The bellows 11 and the actuator 8 are on Earth potential. On the underside, the housing body 1 has an opening 23 which is closed in a liquid-tight manner by a cover 13.

Die flüssigkeitsgefüllte Kammer 6 weist eine in der Einbaulage obere und untere Kammerhälfte 6A, 6B auf. In der oberen Kammerhälfte 6A befindet sich ein beweglicher Leiterteil 12, beispielsweise ein Kupferband, das an den Schaft 5B des beweglichen Schaltkontaktelements 5 angeschlossen ist. Der bewegliche Leiterteil 12 ist elektrisch mit weiteren den Strompfad bildenden Leiterteilen 13 verbunden, die aber nur teilweise dargestellt sind. Auch das feststehende Schaltkontaktelement 4 ist mit weiteren nur teilweise dargestellten Leiterteilen 14 verbunden, die ebenfalls in den Gehäusekörper 1 eingesetzt oder auf den Gehäusekörper aufgesetzt sind.The liquid-filled chamber 6 has an upper and lower chamber half 6A, 6B in the installed position. In the upper chamber half 6A there is a movable conductor part 12, for example a copper strip, which is connected to the shaft 5B of the movable switch contact element 5. The movable conductor part 12 is electrically connected to further conductor parts 13 which form the current path, but which are only partially shown. The fixed switching contact element 4 is also connected to further only partially shown conductor parts 14, which are also inserted into the housing body 1 or placed on the housing body.

Der Gehäusekörper 1 umfasst einen Vergusskörper 15, der die Vakuumschaltkammer 2 und die flüssigkeitsgefüllte Kammer 6 umschließt. Der Vergusskörper 1A bildet die äußere Schale des Gehäusekörpers 1. Die Vergussmasse kann ein Epoxidharz sein.
In der unteren Gehäusehälfte 1B sitzt in dem Vergusskörper 15 ein Kunststoffkörper 16, der aus mehreren Kunststoffelementen 16A, 16B, 16C zusammengesetzt ist. Fig. 2 zeigt die Kunststoffelemente 16A, 16B, 16C in einer Explosionsdarstellung.
Der Kunststoffkörper 16 weist in der oberen Kammerhälfte 6A ein oberes, schalenförmiges Kunststoffelement 16A und ein unteres, schalenförmiges Kunststoffelemente 16B auf, die den beweglichen Leiterteil 12 umschließen, und weist in der unteren Kammerhälfte 6B ein zylindrisches Kunststoffelement 16C auf, das den Faltenbalg 11 umschließt. Die Kunststoffelemente 16A, 16B, 16C sind derart ausgebildet, dass sie passend zusammengesetzt werden können. Sie werden dicht ineinander gesteckt und/oder miteinander verklebt oder verschweißt. Sämtliche Kunststoffelemente 16A, 16B, 16C haben abgerundete Ecken oder Kanten.The housing body 1 comprises a potting body 15, which encloses the vacuum switching chamber 2 and the liquid-filled chamber 6. The potting body 1A forms the outer shell of the housing body 1. The potting compound can be an epoxy resin.
A plastic body 16, which is composed of a plurality of plastic elements 16A, 16B, 16C, sits in the casting body 15 in the lower housing half 1B. Fig. 2 shows the plastic elements 16A, 16B, 16C in an exploded view.
The plastic body 16 has an upper, shell-shaped plastic element 16A and a lower, shell-shaped plastic element 16B in the upper chamber half 6A, which enclose the movable conductor part 12, and has a cylindrical plastic element 16C in the lower chamber half 6B, which encloses the bellows 11. The plastic elements 16A, 16B, 16C are designed such that they can be assembled appropriately. They are plugged tightly together and / or glued or welded together. All plastic elements 16A, 16B, 16C have rounded corners or edges.

Die beiden Kunststoffelemente 16A, 16B in der oberen Kammerhälfte 6A bestehen aus einem elektrisch leitenden Kunststoff, beispielsweise kann der Kunststoff mit leitendem Kohlenstoff versetzt sein. Da diese Kunststoffelemente 16A, 16B das gleiche Potential wie der bewegliche Leiterteil 12 oder andere Leiterteile in der Kammer annehmen können, wird das elektrische Feld nach außen homogener.The two plastic elements 16A, 16B in the upper chamber half 6A consist of an electrically conductive plastic, for example the plastic can be mixed with conductive carbon. Since these plastic elements 16A, 16B can assume the same potential as the movable conductor part 12 or other conductor parts in the chamber, the electrical field becomes more homogeneous to the outside.

Das Kunststoffelement 16C in der unteren Kammerhälfte 6B, das nicht aus einem leitenden Kunststoff besteht, kann kein Potential führen. Dieses Kunststoffelement 6C dient zur sicheren Isolation spannungsführender Teile in der Kammer 6 gegenüber dem auf Erdpotential liegenden Betätigungsorgan 8. Zur Vergrößerung des Kriechweges weist das Kunststoffelement 16C an der Außenseite Lamellen 17 auf.The plastic element 16C in the lower chamber half 6B, which is not made of a conductive plastic, cannot carry any potential. This plastic element 6C is used for the safe isolation of live parts in the chamber 6 from the actuating element 8 which is at ground potential. To increase the creepage distance, the plastic element 16C has lamellae 17 on the outside.

Die Abdeckung 13 des Gehäusekörpers 1, die die flüssigkeitsgefüllte Kammer 6 verschließt, ist gegenüber dem zylindrischen Kunststoffteil 16C mit einem zwischen Abdeckung und Kunststoffteil liegenden Dichtring 18 flüssigkeitsdicht abgedichtet. Nachfolgend wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung des Hochspannungs-Schaltgerätes beschrieben.The cover 13 of the housing body 1, which closes the liquid-filled chamber 6, is sealed against the cylindrical plastic part 16C with a sealing ring 18 lying between the cover and the plastic part. The method according to the invention for producing the high-voltage switching device is described below.

Für die Herstellung des Schaltgerätes wird eine in den Figuren nicht dargestellte Vergussform verwendet, die derart ausgebildet ist, dass sie der Form und den Abmessungen des Gehäusekörpers 1 des Schaltgerätes und der Form und dem Abmessungen der Vakuumschaltkammer 2 sowie der übrigen Bauteile des Schaltgerätes entspricht. In die obere Hälfte der Vergussform wird die Vakuumschaltkammer 2 eingesetzt, wobei zwischen der Wandung der Vergussform und der Vakuumschaltkammer 2 ein Zwischenraum 19 verbleibt. In die untere Hälfte der Vergussform wird der Kunststoffkörper 16 eingesetzt, wobei auch zwischen der Wandung der Vergussform und dem Kunststoffkörper 16 ein Zwischenraum 20 verbleibt. Anschließend werden die Zwischenräume 19, 20 zwischen Vergussform und Vakuumschaltkammer bzw. Kunststoffkörper mit einer Vergussmasse, beispielsweise mit einem Epoxidharz vergossen. Dadurch wird der Vergusskörper 15 mit der mit Isolationsflüssigkeit zu befüllenden Kammer 6 geschaffen.For the manufacture of the switching device, a casting mold (not shown in the figures) is used, which is designed such that it corresponds to the shape and dimensions of the housing body 1 of the switching device and the shape and dimensions of the vacuum switching chamber 2 and the other components of the switching device. The vacuum interrupter 2 is inserted into the upper half of the casting mold, an interspace 19 remaining between the wall of the casting mold and the vacuum interrupter 2. The plastic body 16 is inserted into the lower half of the casting mold, an intermediate space 20 also remaining between the wall of the casting mold and the plastic body 16. The spaces 19, 20 between the casting mold and the vacuum interrupter or plastic body are then cast with a casting compound, for example with an epoxy resin. The potting body 15 with the chamber 6 to be filled with insulation liquid is thereby created.

Das obere Kunststoffelement 16A in der oberen Kammerhälfte 6A weist am oberen Rand Schneidkanten 21 auf, die in eine Beschichtung 3A des Gehäuses 3 der Vakuumschaltkammer 2 einschneiden, so dass die Vergussmasse, die im flüssigen Zustand eine relativ hohe Viskosität hat, unter Druck nicht in einen Spalt zwischen dem metallischen oder keramischen Gehäuse 3 der Vakuumschaltkammer 2 und dem Kunststoffelement 16 eindringen kann.The upper plastic element 16A in the upper chamber half 6A has cutting edges 21 on the upper edge, which cut into a coating 3A of the housing 3 of the vacuum interrupter chamber 2, so that the potting compound, which has a relatively high viscosity in the liquid state, does not press into one Gap between that metallic or ceramic housing 3 of the vacuum interrupter 2 and the plastic element 16 can penetrate.

Nach dem Aushärten der Vergussmasse werden der bewegliche Leiterteil 12, das Betätigungsorgan 8, der Isolationskörper 7 sowie die Dichtanordnung 10 und gegebenenfalls weitere Bauteile des Schaltgerätes in den von dem Kunststoffteil umschlossenen Hohlraum eingesetzt und der Hohlraum wird mit der Isolationsflüssigkeit befüllt. Daraufhin wird der Hohlraum durch Aufsetzen der Abdeckung 13 flüssigkeitsdicht verschlossen.After the casting compound has hardened, the movable conductor part 12, the actuating member 8, the insulation body 7 and the sealing arrangement 10 and, if appropriate, further components of the switching device are inserted into the cavity enclosed by the plastic part, and the cavity is filled with the insulation liquid. The cavity is then closed in a liquid-tight manner by fitting the cover 13.

Claims (14)

  1. High-voltage switching device comprising a housing body (1), in which a vacuum interrupting chamber (2) is provided that comprises an immoveable switching contact element (4) and a switching contact element (5) that can move in the axial direction,
    the moveable switching contact element (5) extending out of the vacuum interrupting chamber (2) and being connected to an actuator (8), which can move in the axial direction, by means of an insulating body (7), and conductor parts (12, 13, 14) that form the current path being connected to the immoveable switching contact element (4) and the moveable switching contact element (5), and
    a cavity (22) that is filled with insulating liquid being made in the housing body (1), the moveable switching contact element (5) extending out of the vacuum interrupting chamber (2) and into the cavity (22), and the actuator (8) extending out of the cavity (22),
    characterised in that
    a sealing arrangement (10) that is arranged in the cavity (22) is provided, which seals the actuator (8) with respect to the housing body (1), the sealing arrangement (10) comprising a bellows (11) that is arranged in the cavity (22) and surrounds the actuator (8), one end of the bellows (11) being sealed with respect to the actuator (8) and the other end of the bellows being sealed with respect to the housing body (1).
  2. High-voltage switching device according to claim 1, characterised in that the cavity (22) is closed by means of a cover (13) that is sealed with respect to the housing body (1), one end of the bellows (11) being sealed with respect to the cover (13).
  3. High-voltage switching device according to any of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the housing body (1) comprises a plastics body (16) that surrounds the cavity (22) at least in part.
  4. High-voltage switching device according to claim 3, characterised in that the plastics body (16) consists of a plurality of plastics elements (16A, 16B, 16C) that are interconnected.
  5. High-voltage switching device according to claim 4, characterised in that the plastics body (16) comprises a cylindrical plastics element (16C), which surrounds the sealing arrangement (10) at least in part.
  6. High-voltage switching device according to either claim 4 or claim 5, characterised in that the plastics body (16) comprises a first bowl-shaped plastics element (16A) and a second bowl-shaped plastics element (16B), the conductor parts (12, 13, 14) that form the current path comprising a moveable conductor part (12), which is electrically connected to the moveable contact element (5), the moveable conductor part (5) being arranged in the cavity (22) and being surrounded by the first and second plastics element (16A, 16B) at least in part.
  7. High-voltage switching device according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the housing body (1) comprises a casting body (15), which receives the vacuum interrupting chamber (2) and the plastics body (16).
  8. High-voltage switching device according to claim 7, characterised in that the plastics body (16) is sealed with respect to the vacuum interrupting chamber (2).
  9. High-voltage switching device according to claim 8, characterised in that cutting edges (21) are provided on the plastics body (16), the vacuum interrupting chamber (2) comprising a housing (3) that is surrounded, at least in part, by a material (3A) into which the cutting edges (21) cut.
  10. Switchgear comprising a high-voltage switching device according to any of claims 1 to 9.
  11. Method for producing a high-voltage switching device according to any of claims 1 to 9, the high-voltage switching device comprising:
    a plastics body (16) surrounding the cavity (22) that is filled with an insulating liquid,
    comprising the following method steps:
    providing a casting mould,
    placing the vacuum interrupting chamber (2) and the plastics body (16) in the casting mould,
    casting the space (19) between the vacuum interrupting chamber (2) and the plastics body (16) with a casting compound in order to provide a casting body (15) that surrounds the vacuum interrupting chamber and the plastics body and in which a cavity (22) that is surrounded by the plastics body (16), at least in part, is made,
    inserting the actuator (8) and the insulating body (7) and the sealing arrangement (10) into the cavity,
    filling the cavity (22) with an insulating liquid, and
    closing the cavity (22) by means of a cover (13) that is sealed with respect to the casting body (15) or the plastics body (16).
  12. Method according to claim 11, characterised in that the plastics body (16) is composed of a plurality of plastics elements (16A, 16B, 16C) that are interconnected.
  13. Method according to claim 12, characterised in that the plastics body (16) is composed of two bowl-shaped plastics elements (16A, 16B) and one cylindrical plastics element (16C).
  14. Method according to any of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the casting compound is an epoxy resin.
EP16189599.0A 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 High voltage switching apparatus and switchgear using a high voltage switching apparatus and method for producing a high voltage switching apparatus Active EP3297013B1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16189599.0A EP3297013B1 (en) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 High voltage switching apparatus and switchgear using a high voltage switching apparatus and method for producing a high voltage switching apparatus
CN201780057462.9A CN109844893B (en) 2016-09-20 2017-09-18 High-voltage switching device, switching installation with a high-voltage switching device, and method for producing a high-voltage switching device
PCT/EP2017/073517 WO2018054849A1 (en) 2016-09-20 2017-09-18 High-voltage switching device and switching system having a high-voltage switching device and method for producing a high-voltage switching device
US16/333,633 US20190259553A1 (en) 2016-09-20 2017-09-18 High-Voltage Switching Device and Switchgear Comprising a High-Voltage Switching Device and Method for Producing a High-Voltage Switching Device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16189599.0A EP3297013B1 (en) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 High voltage switching apparatus and switchgear using a high voltage switching apparatus and method for producing a high voltage switching apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3297013A1 EP3297013A1 (en) 2018-03-21
EP3297013B1 true EP3297013B1 (en) 2020-04-22

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16189599.0A Active EP3297013B1 (en) 2016-09-20 2016-09-20 High voltage switching apparatus and switchgear using a high voltage switching apparatus and method for producing a high voltage switching apparatus

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20190259553A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3297013B1 (en)
CN (1) CN109844893B (en)
WO (1) WO2018054849A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1162372A (en) * 1965-09-30 1969-08-27 English Electric Co Ltd Improvements in or relating to Vacuum switches
JPS4967167A (en) * 1972-11-01 1974-06-28
DE2739811C2 (en) * 1977-09-03 1982-05-13 Wickmann-Werke Böblingen GmbH, 7030 Böblingen Electrical switching device with at least one switch designed as a vacuum interrupter
DE3112776C2 (en) 1981-03-31 1986-05-22 Wickmann-Werke Böblingen GmbH, 7030 Böblingen Medium-voltage switching device with a vacuum interrupter between a busbar and a cable connection piece
TR21288A (en) 1981-04-04 1984-03-22 Babcock Ag PROCEDURE AND ASSEMBLY FOR THE BURNING OF A FUEL
JPH07111858B2 (en) * 1987-11-28 1995-11-29 株式会社東芝 Vacuum switch
JPH0479117A (en) * 1990-07-19 1992-03-12 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Gas insulation switchgear
DE4027723A1 (en) 1990-08-30 1991-01-10 Slamecka Ernst Vacuum switch chamber for load=shedding switchgear - has closure applying atmos. pressure to sensitive region of bellows when auxiliary switching piece releases fixing
JPH06203704A (en) * 1993-01-11 1994-07-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Solid insulated switch device
CN2736909Y (en) * 2004-10-11 2005-10-26 西安交通大学 High-voltage vacuum circuit breaker employing silicone oil as insulating medium
JP5016944B2 (en) * 2007-02-21 2012-09-05 株式会社東芝 Vacuum valve

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190259553A1 (en) 2019-08-22
CN109844893A (en) 2019-06-04
CN109844893B (en) 2022-03-11
WO2018054849A1 (en) 2018-03-29
EP3297013A1 (en) 2018-03-21

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