EP3286128B1 - Working platform with pothole protection - Google Patents

Working platform with pothole protection Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3286128B1
EP3286128B1 EP16720460.1A EP16720460A EP3286128B1 EP 3286128 B1 EP3286128 B1 EP 3286128B1 EP 16720460 A EP16720460 A EP 16720460A EP 3286128 B1 EP3286128 B1 EP 3286128B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
work platform
bars
aerial work
actuator
chassis
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EP16720460.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3286128A1 (en
Inventor
Emmanuel PITHOUD
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Haulotte Group SA
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Haulotte Group SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F11/00—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for
    • B66F11/04—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for for movable platforms or cabins, e.g. on vehicles, permitting workmen to place themselves in any desired position for carrying out required operations
    • B66F11/042—Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for for movable platforms or cabins, e.g. on vehicles, permitting workmen to place themselves in any desired position for carrying out required operations actuated by lazy-tongs mechanisms or articulated levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F17/00—Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force
    • B66F17/006—Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force for working platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G1/00—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground
    • E04G1/18—Scaffolds primarily resting on the ground adjustable in height
    • E04G1/22—Scaffolds having a platform on an extensible substructure, e.g. of telescopic type or with lazy-tongs mechanism

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mobile elevating work platforms (also referred to as PEMP) still commonly referred to as aerial work platforms. It relates more particularly wheeled aerial work platforms by means of which the aerial platform is supported on the ground and movable on it.
  • PEMP mobile elevating work platforms
  • aerial work platforms still commonly referred to as aerial work platforms. It relates more particularly wheeled aerial work platforms by means of which the aerial platform is supported on the ground and movable on it.
  • Aerial work platforms are machines designed to allow one or more people to work at height. They include a frame, a work platform and a lifting mechanism of the work platform.
  • the work platform includes a tray surrounded by a railing. It is intended to accommodate one or more people and possibly also loads such as tools or other material, materials such as paint, cement, etc ...
  • the working platform is supported by the lifting mechanism which is mounted on the chassis. In this case, the chassis rests on the ground through the aforementioned wheels.
  • the lifting mechanism lifts the work platform from a lowered position on the frame to the desired working height, usually by means of one or more hydraulic cylinders.
  • the motorization for moving the aerial platform to the ground is usually mounted directly on the chassis.
  • aerial work platforms There are several types of work platform lifting mechanisms which are referred to as aerial work platforms.
  • the invention primarily relates to, but is not limited to, scissor lifts and aerial work platforms with vertical poles.
  • the lifting mechanism comprises centrally scissor-shaped beams, which scissors mechanisms are mounted one above the other at their ends which are pivotally connected to each other. reach the desired working height.
  • the figures 1 and 2 illustrate an example of a scissor lift: the frame is referenced 1, the scissor lift mechanism 2, the work platform 3, the front wheels 4, the rear wheels 5 and the hydraulic actuator cylinder of the mechanism of lifting of the working platform 6.
  • the maximum working height generally varies between 6 and 18 meters.
  • the lifting mechanism is designed as an extensible mast with vertical parts sliding on one side. others to extend vertically to the desired working height.
  • Their lifting mechanism sometimes comprises a turret on which are mounted the vertical sliding parts, the turret being pivotally mounted on the frame about a vertical axis in order to vary the orientation of the work platform relative to the frame.
  • the work platform is mounted on the uppermost vertical part sometimes by means of a pendulum arm - that is to say an arm articulated to the vertical mast around a horizontal axis - in order to give more flexibility to the user to reach the working position.
  • the maximum working height generally varies between 6 and 12 meters.
  • the ground clearance is large enough to allow the aerial platform to cross, during its movement, obstacles such as potholes or curbs without the frame does not contact the ground.
  • a first approach is to use a mechanical connection between the lifting mechanism of the work platform and the bars, as well as springs.
  • the operating energy of the lifting mechanism of the work platform is used to move the bars from the raised position to the lowered position. Examples of this approach are described by US 6,425,459 B1 , WO 2005/068347 A1 and CA 2 646 412 A1 .
  • These solutions are mechanically complex, especially since they must include a bar locking system in their lowered position to maintain this position if an external force tending to return to the raised position is applied to them.
  • the second approach is to use actuators assigned only to the actuation of the bars; they are therefore independent of that or those of the lifting mechanism of the work platform.
  • Each bar is actuated by a respective actuator to move it from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa, in particular according to the signal of a position sensor detecting whether the work platform is in the lowered position or not.
  • FIG 3 illustrates this approach as it is implemented on the machines of the Optimum range marketed by the applicant.
  • Each bar 10 is secured to each of its longitudinal ends to a support 11 which is pivotally mounted to the frame 1 about an axis 12.
  • the bars 10 pass from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa by pivoting about the axes 12.
  • Each bar 10 is moved between these two positions by a corresponding hydraulic cylinder 13 whose rod is mounted in pivot connection on the support 11 about an axis 14 and whose body is mounted in pivot connection on the frame around
  • This solution is simpler than those of the first approach and provides reliable protection against the overturning of the aerial work platform, but it is still expensive because of the cost of the cylinders.
  • US 2002/0185850 A1 discloses another implementation of this second approach.
  • Each bar is mounted to the frame by a first pair of links articulated together forming a first toggle mechanism and a second pair of links articulated together forming a second toggle mechanism.
  • the bar When the two toggle mechanisms are folded, the bar is in the raised position while the bar is in the lowered position when the toggle mechanisms are in the unfolded position.
  • An actuator specific to each bar is mounted between the two toggle mechanisms to move them from the folded position to the unfolded position and vice versa. In unfolded position, the links of the toggle mechanisms are placed in abutment beyond the alignment position of their axes.
  • EP 831 054 A2 discloses an aerial platform according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the jack is mounted under the frame and extends parallel to mid-distance between the two bars, the cylinder body being fixed to the frame while its rod actuates pivotally the two bars through a mechanism of kneepad angle return which converts the movement of the rod parallel to the bars in a movement perpendicular to the bars.
  • this solution is still complex and cumbersome because of the knee-lever angle mechanism.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a technical solution for protection against potholes for aerial work platforms that at least partially overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the invention aims to provide a solution that is both reliable while being simpler and more economical.
  • the lowered position of the side bars makes it possible to limit the risk that the aerial platform will overturn if a wheel rolls in a pothole during its displacement on the ground with the work platform raised.
  • the fact that the actuator is assigned solely to the actuation of the two lateral bars is advantageous because, being distinct from the actuator (s) of the lifting mechanism of the working platform, it avoids resorting to a complex mechanical connection between the lifting mechanism of the platform and the side bars as is the case of the prior arts implementing the first approach described above.
  • the fact of using a single actuator to operate both bars is more economical and limits assembly operations compared to the prior art using two actuators as is the case of those implementing the second. approach described above.
  • the actuator has two opposite ends through which it actuates the two lateral bars by varying the distance between the two ends, the actuator acting on each of the two side bars through another of the two ends and the actuator being maintained only through the two ends.
  • the actuation mechanism of the bars is simpler, more economical and more compact compared to the teaching of EP 831 054 A2 mentioned above.
  • the aerial platform comprises an elongated chassis, mounted on wheels to allow the displacement of the aerial platform.
  • the two narrow ends define the front AV and the rear rear of the aerial lift with regard to the direction of ground travel that two front wheels 4 and two rear wheels 5 give to the aerial platform.
  • the lifting platform comprises on each side side a bar 10 for protection against potholes.
  • One of these two bars is visible on the figure 2 where is she in the lowered position while they are not visible on the figure 1 because they are in the raised position under the frame 1.
  • Each side bar 10 is arranged under the frame 1 and extends horizontally over substantially the entire length between the front wheel and the rear wheel, whether in the lowered position or in position identified.
  • Each bar 10 is secured to each of its longitudinal ends to a support 21 which is pivotally mounted to the frame 1 about a respective axis 22.
  • the bars 10 pass from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa by pivoting about the axes 22.
  • Each bar 10 is moved between these two positions by the same actuator, in this case a hydraulic cylinder 30.
  • This is assigned only to the actuation of the bars 10.
  • the body of the jack 30 is mounted in pivot connection about an axis 33 on a support 21 of one of the bars 10.
  • the body of the jack 30 has been lengthened by a rod 32 which is fixedly arranged on the body of the jack 30.
  • the rod 31 of the jack 30 is mounted in pivot connection about an axis 34 on a support 21 of the other bar 10.
  • the rod 31 of the jack 30 and / or the body of the jack 30 are mounted - preferably in pivot connection - directly to the corresponding bar 10 or to a piece other than a support 21 to which the corresponding
  • the jack 30 can be mounted to the supports 21 so that it is the output of the rod 31 which causes the displacement of the bars 10 in the lowered position and the retraction of the rod 31 which causes their displacement 10 in the raised position. .
  • the jack 30 extends horizontally and perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the frame 1, which limits the space necessary for housing the jack 30.
  • the jack 30 is only held to the frame by the supports 21 to which it is mounted, which simplifies assembly operations.
  • the hydraulic supply of the jack 30 is made by flexible hoses, which allows the cylinder body to move relative to the frame 1 when the rod 31 out or retracts.
  • the cylinder 30 is a double-acting cylinder. It is supplied with hydraulic fluid by means of two connectors 36, 37 mounted in our example on a housing 35.
  • the housing 35 is itself mounted on the body of the jack 30 by two rigid tubes feeding each of the chambers of the jack 30 from the fittings 36, 37 via a respective nonreturn valve contained in the housing 35.
  • each bar 10 As a safety measure, a position sensor 50 is provided for each bar 10 to verify that it is in the lowered position. This makes it possible to trigger an alarm and prevent the platform from moving on the ground if one of the bars 10 is not in the lowered position when it should be. In this case, each sensor 50 cooperates with a surface of the support 21 of the bar 10.
  • the lower edge 10a of the bars 10 when in the lowered position, to be offset towards the outside of the frame with respect to the vertical V passing through the axis 22 of pivoting of the support 21.
  • the forces Fv external to the aerial platform exerted vertically upwards on the lower edge 10a of the bars 10 are directly countered by the frame 1 at 41 where the bar 10 is supported. It is therefore not the jack 30 against the vertical forces.
  • the lateral forces F LE and F LI are generally less than the vertical forces Fv, which makes it possible to use a less powerful jack 30 and therefore less expensive.
  • the system for actuating the bars 10 is preferably dimensioned so as to be able to keep the bars 10 in the lowered position for vertical forces Fv exerted on each of them by at least half the weight of the aerial lift with his work platform loaded to his maximum allowed load.
  • the system for actuating the bars 10 is preferably dimensioned so as to be able to keep the bars 10 in the lowered position for lateral forces F LE , F LI exerted on each of them from less than one quarter of the weight of the aerial work platform with its working platform loaded to its maximum authorized load.
  • the cylinder 30 may be powered by the hydraulic supply circuit of the aerial platform which serves to supply the actuators of the lifting mechanism 2 and / or actuators controlling the orientation of the steering wheels 4 of the aerial platform.
  • the jack can be classically controlled by a hydraulic distributor preferably electrically controlled.
  • the dispenser can then be controlled by an electrical circuit depending for example on a position sensor - not shown - which detects whether the lifting mechanism 2 of the working platform 3 is in the lowered position and / or commands triggered by the operator at the control station of the aerial work platform.
  • the control circuit can cause the raising of the bars 10 in the case where a control movement of the aerial platform on the ground is triggered by the operator and that the aforementioned position sensor detects that the lifting mechanism 2 is in the lowered position.
  • the control circuit can cause the lowering of the bars 10 in the case where a lifting control of the work platform 3 is triggered by the operator. If the position sensor of the lifting mechanism signals that the work platform 3 is raised and one of the position sensors 50 indicates that a bar is not in the lowered position, the control circuit prohibits the movement to the the platform and triggers an alert to the operator, for example by lighting a fault light on the control station.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 schematically illustrates a variant of the embodiment described above. Only the left part of the actuating system is shown, it being specified that the right part not shown is made in the same way, except that it is the body of the jack 30 which is connected to the corresponding support 21 in the same way that the cylinder rod 31 for the left part of the actuating system.
  • the bars 10 are mounted pivotally connected to the frame about an axis 22.
  • the jack 30 actuates each bar 10 by means of a respective locking mechanism. It is constituted in this example by two links 61 and 62.
  • the rod 61 is mounted in pivot connection to the support 22 about the axis 63.
  • the rod 61 is pivotally mounted about the axis 64 at a end of the rod 62.
  • the other end of the rod 62 is pivotally connected to the frame about the axis 65.
  • the rod 31 is linked in pivot connection to the locking mechanism to the axis 64.
  • the figure 10 illustrates the unlocked position of the locking mechanism in which the rods 61 and 62 are in a folded position while the bar 10 is raised.
  • the jack 30 moves the locking mechanism and the bar 10 when it leaves its rod 31.
  • the locking mechanism When the jack 30 retracts its rod 31, it moves the locking mechanism in the locked position which is illustrated by the figure 9 .
  • the axis 64 has exceeded the alignment position with the axes 63, 65 and one of the rods 61, 62 is in abutment against a stop 66 of the frame 1.
  • the rods 61, 62 are in a self-locking position with respect to any external force exerted on the lifting platform exerted on the bar 10 which tends to rotate it from the lowered position to the raised position.
  • the locked position the locking mechanism against these forces independently of the cylinder.
  • the jack 30 Since the jack 30 does not intervene in maintaining the position of the bar 10 vis-à-vis these efforts, it can be a much lower power since it must only be able to actuate the locking mechanisms . In this case, it is possible to replace the hydraulic cylinder 30 with a pneumatic cylinder, see an electromechanical actuator.
  • the actuator may be of any suitable type other than a hydraulic cylinder. Although particularly suitable for scissor lifts and vertical boom lifts, the invention can be applied to any other type of mobile elevating work platforms, including towed or pushed aerial work platforms to move them to the ground.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine des plates-formes élévatrices mobiles de personnel (désignées aussi par l'acronyme PEMP) encore communément appelées nacelles élévatrices. Elle concerne plus particulièrement les nacelles élévatrices à roues par le biais desquelles la nacelle élévatrice est en appui au sol et déplaçable sur celui-ci.The present invention relates to the field of mobile elevating work platforms (also referred to as PEMP) still commonly referred to as aerial work platforms. It relates more particularly wheeled aerial work platforms by means of which the aerial platform is supported on the ground and movable on it.

Les nacelles élévatrices sont des machines destinées à permettre à une ou plusieurs personnes de travailler en hauteur. Elles comprennent un châssis, une plate-forme de travail et un mécanisme de levage de la plate-forme de travail. La plate-forme de travail comprend un plateau entouré d'un garde-corps. Elle est prévue pour recevoir une ou plusieurs personnes et éventuellement aussi des charges telles que des outils ou autre matériel, des matériaux tels que peinture, ciment, etc... La plate-forme de travail est supportée par le mécanisme de levage lequel est monté sur le châssis. En l'occurrence, le châssis repose au sol par le biais des roues précitées. Le mécanisme de levage permet d'élever la plate-forme de travail depuis une position abaissée sur le châssis jusqu'à la hauteur de travail souhaitée, généralement au moyen d'un ou plusieurs vérins hydrauliques. La motorisation permettant de déplacer la nacelle élévatrice au sol est généralement montée directement sur le châssis. C'est le cas aussi du groupe hydraulique alimentant le ou les vérins précités, mais il peut aussi être monté - lorsqu'il en comprend une - sur la tourelle du mécanisme de levage qui est montée pivotante sur le châssis afin de permettre de changer l'orientation du mécanisme de levage et donc de la plate-forme de travail.Aerial work platforms are machines designed to allow one or more people to work at height. They include a frame, a work platform and a lifting mechanism of the work platform. The work platform includes a tray surrounded by a railing. It is intended to accommodate one or more people and possibly also loads such as tools or other material, materials such as paint, cement, etc ... The working platform is supported by the lifting mechanism which is mounted on the chassis. In this case, the chassis rests on the ground through the aforementioned wheels. The lifting mechanism lifts the work platform from a lowered position on the frame to the desired working height, usually by means of one or more hydraulic cylinders. The motorization for moving the aerial platform to the ground is usually mounted directly on the chassis. This is also the case of the hydraulic unit supplying the aforesaid jack or cylinders, but it can also be mounted - when it includes one - on the turret of the lifting mechanism which is pivotally mounted on the frame to allow changing the orientation of the lifting mechanism and therefore of the work platform.

Il existe plusieurs types de mécanismes de levage de la plate-forme de travail d'après lesquels sont dénommées les nacelles élévatrices. L'invention concerne avant tout, mais sans y être limité, les nacelles élévatrices à ciseaux et les nacelles élévatrices à mâts verticaux.There are several types of work platform lifting mechanisms which are referred to as aerial work platforms. The invention primarily relates to, but is not limited to, scissor lifts and aerial work platforms with vertical poles.

S'agissant des nacelles à ciseaux, le mécanisme de levage comprend des poutres articulées en leur centre à la façon de ciseaux, ces mécanismes en ciseaux étant montés les uns au-dessus des autres par leurs extrémités qui sont reliées de façon pivotante afin d'atteindre la hauteur de travail souhaitée. Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent un exemple de nacelle élévatrice à ciseaux : le châssis est référencé 1, le mécanisme de levage en ciseaux 2, la plate-forme de travail 3, les roues avant 4, les roues arrière 5 et le vérin hydraulique d'actionnement du mécanisme de levage de la plate-forme de travail 6. Selon les modèles concernés, la hauteur maximale de travail varie généralement entre 6 et 18 mètres.In the case of scissor lifts, the lifting mechanism comprises centrally scissor-shaped beams, which scissors mechanisms are mounted one above the other at their ends which are pivotally connected to each other. reach the desired working height. The figures 1 and 2 illustrate an example of a scissor lift: the frame is referenced 1, the scissor lift mechanism 2, the work platform 3, the front wheels 4, the rear wheels 5 and the hydraulic actuator cylinder of the mechanism of lifting of the working platform 6. Depending on the models concerned, the maximum working height generally varies between 6 and 18 meters.

S'agissant des nacelles à mâts verticaux, le mécanisme de levage est conçu sous la forme d'un mât extensible comprenant des parties verticales coulissant les unes sur les autres pour s'étendre verticalement jusqu'à la hauteur de travail souhaitée. Leur mécanisme de levage comprend parfois une tourelle sur laquelle sont montées les parties verticales coulissantes, la tourelle étant montée pivotante sur le châssis autour d'un axe vertical afin de pouvoir varier l'orientation de la plate-forme de travail par rapport au châssis. La plate-forme de travail est montée sur la partie verticale la plus élevée parfois par le biais d'un bras pendulaire - c'est-à-dire un bras articulé au mât vertical autour d'un axe horizontal - afin de donner plus de flexibilité à l'utilisateur pour atteindre la position de travail. Selon les modèles concernés, la hauteur maximale de travail varie généralement entre 6 et 12 mètres.In the case of vertical boom lifts, the lifting mechanism is designed as an extensible mast with vertical parts sliding on one side. others to extend vertically to the desired working height. Their lifting mechanism sometimes comprises a turret on which are mounted the vertical sliding parts, the turret being pivotally mounted on the frame about a vertical axis in order to vary the orientation of the work platform relative to the frame. The work platform is mounted on the uppermost vertical part sometimes by means of a pendulum arm - that is to say an arm articulated to the vertical mast around a horizontal axis - in order to give more flexibility to the user to reach the working position. Depending on the models concerned, the maximum working height generally varies between 6 and 12 meters.

Ces deux types de nacelles élévatrices ont en commun de présenter un risque accru de verser lorsqu'elles se déplacent au sol alors que leur plate-forme de travail est levée. Ce risque est susceptible de se réaliser lorsque l'une des roues roule dans un nid de poule dans le sol ou monte sur une saillie telle qu'un rebord de trottoir. Ce risque est lié surtout au fait que leur châssis est relativement étroit et leurs roues ont de petites dimensions contrairement à d'autres types de nacelles ayant un châssis large et des roues plus grandes comme c'est le cas des nacelles articulées et des nacelles télescopiques qui sont prévues généralement pour un usage exclusivement extérieur et pour atteindre des hauteurs plus importantes pouvant aller à plus de 40 mètres.These two types of aerial work platforms have in common an increased risk of pouring when they move on the ground while their work platform is raised. This risk is likely to occur when one of the wheels rolls in a pothole in the ground or rises on a projection such as a curb. This risk is related mainly to the fact that their chassis is relatively narrow and their wheels have small dimensions unlike other types of nacelles with a wide chassis and larger wheels as is the case of articulated boom lifts and telescopic boom lifts which are generally intended for use exclusively outside and to reach greater heights that can go more than 40 meters.

Pour limiter le risque que la nacelle élévatrice ne verse, il est connu d'agencer sous le châssis des barres latérales appelées communément barres de protection contre les nids de poules. Plus précisément, une telle barre est agencée sous le châssis, de chaque côté, et s'étend horizontalement sur sensiblement toute la longueur entre la roue avant et la roue arrière. Un dispositif déplace automatiquement ces deux barres entre une position relevée, appelée position inactive, et une position abaissée, appelée position active. L'une de ces deux barres - référencée 10 - est visible sur la figure 2 où elle est en position abaissée tandis qu'elles ne sont pas visibles sur la figure 1 car elles sont en position relevée sous le châssis 1.To limit the risk that the aerial platform pays, it is known to arrange under the frame side bars commonly called protection bars against potholes. More specifically, such a bar is arranged under the frame, on each side, and extends horizontally over substantially the entire length between the front wheel and the rear wheel. A device automatically moves these two bars between a raised position, called an inactive position, and a lowered position, called an active position. One of these two bars - referenced 10 - is visible on the figure 2 where it is in the lowered position while they are not visible on the figure 1 because they are in the raised position under the frame 1.

Lorsque la plate-forme de travail est abaissée sur le châssis, le risque que la nacelle élévatrice ne verse est inexistant et les barres sont en position relevée. Dans ce cas, la garde au sol est suffisamment importante pour permettre à la nacelle élévatrice de franchir, lors de son déplacement, des obstacles tels que nids de poule ou rebords de trottoir sans que le châssis ne contacte le sol.When the work platform is lowered on the chassis, there is no risk that the aerial platform will not pour and the bars are in the raised position. In this case, the ground clearance is large enough to allow the aerial platform to cross, during its movement, obstacles such as potholes or curbs without the frame does not contact the ground.

Lorsque la plate-forme de travail est levée, les barres sont dans la position abaissée. La garde au sol est alors sensiblement diminuée. Si une roue de la nacelle élévatrice roule dans un nid de poule, la barre adjacente contacte le sol autour du nid de poule. Par conséquent, l'inclinaison du châssis de la nacelle élévatrice est limitée, évitant ainsi qu'elle ne se renverse.When the work platform is raised, the bars are in the lowered position. The ground clearance is then significantly reduced. If a wheel of the aerial platform rolls in a pothole, the adjacent bar contacts the ground around the pothole. Consequently, the inclination of the chassis of the aerial platform is limited, thus preventing it from overturning.

Il existe essentiellement deux approches technologiques pour réaliser le dispositif déplaçant automatiquement les barres entre leur position relevée et leur position abaissée.There are essentially two technological approaches to achieve the device automatically moving the bars between their raised position and their lowered position.

Une première approche consiste à recourir à une liaison mécanique entre le mécanisme de levage de la plate-forme de travail et les barres, ainsi que des ressorts. L'énergie d'actionnement du mécanisme de levage de la plate-forme de travail est utilisée pour faire passer les barres de la position relevée à la position abaissée. Des exemples de cette approche sont décrits par US 6,425,459 B1 , WO 2005/068347 A1 et CA 2 646 412 A1 . Ces solutions sont cependant mécaniquement complexes, ce d'autant plus qu'elles doivent comprendre un système de verrouillage des barres dans leur position abaissée afin de maintenir cette position si un effort extérieur tendant à les faire revenir vers la position relevée leur est appliqué.A first approach is to use a mechanical connection between the lifting mechanism of the work platform and the bars, as well as springs. The operating energy of the lifting mechanism of the work platform is used to move the bars from the raised position to the lowered position. Examples of this approach are described by US 6,425,459 B1 , WO 2005/068347 A1 and CA 2 646 412 A1 . These solutions, however, are mechanically complex, especially since they must include a bar locking system in their lowered position to maintain this position if an external force tending to return to the raised position is applied to them.

La deuxième approche consiste à recourir à des actionneurs affectés uniquement à l'actionnement des barres ; ils sont donc indépendants de celui ou ceux du mécanisme de levage de la plate-forme de travail. Chaque barre est actionnée par un actionneur respectif pour la déplacer de la position relevée à la position abaissée et vice-versa en fonction notamment du signal d'un capteur de position détectant si la plate-forme de travail est en position abaissée ou non.The second approach is to use actuators assigned only to the actuation of the bars; they are therefore independent of that or those of the lifting mechanism of the work platform. Each bar is actuated by a respective actuator to move it from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa, in particular according to the signal of a position sensor detecting whether the work platform is in the lowered position or not.

La figure 3 illustre cette approche telle qu'elle est mise en oeuvre sur les machines de la gamme Optimum commercialisée par la demanderesse. Chaque barre 10 est solidarisée vers chacune de ses extrémités longitudinales à un support 11 lequel est monté pivotant au châssis 1 autour d'un axe 12. Les barres 10 passent de la position relevée à la position abaissée et vice-versa par pivotement autour des axes 12. Chaque barre 10 est déplacée entre ces deux positions par un vérin hydraulique 13 correspondant dont la tige est montée en liaison pivot sur le support 11 autour d'un axe 14 et dont le corps est monté en liaison pivot sur le châssis autour d'un axe 15. Cette solution est plus simple que celles de la première approche et fournit une protection fiable contre le renversement de la nacelle élévatrice, mais elle reste cependant onéreuse en raison du coût des vérins.The figure 3 illustrates this approach as it is implemented on the machines of the Optimum range marketed by the applicant. Each bar 10 is secured to each of its longitudinal ends to a support 11 which is pivotally mounted to the frame 1 about an axis 12. The bars 10 pass from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa by pivoting about the axes 12. Each bar 10 is moved between these two positions by a corresponding hydraulic cylinder 13 whose rod is mounted in pivot connection on the support 11 about an axis 14 and whose body is mounted in pivot connection on the frame around This solution is simpler than those of the first approach and provides reliable protection against the overturning of the aerial work platform, but it is still expensive because of the cost of the cylinders.

US 2002/0185850 A1 divulgue une autre mise en oeuvre de cette deuxième approche. Chaque barre y est montée au châssis par une première paire de biellettes articulées entre elles formant un premier mécanisme à genouillère et une deuxième paire de biellettes articulées entre elles formant un deuxième mécanisme à genouillère. Lorsque les deux mécanismes à genouillère sont repliés, la barre est en position relevée tandis que la barre est en position abaissée lorsque les mécanismes à genouillère sont en position dépliée. Un actionneur propre à chaque barre est monté entre les deux mécanismes à genouillère pour les faire passer de la position repliée à la position dépliée et vice-versa. En position dépliée, les biellettes des mécanismes à genouillère sont placées en butée au-delà de la position d'alignement de leurs axes. De la sorte, les efforts extérieurs à la nacelle élévatrice appliqués sur les barres en position abaissée et qui les sollicitent vers la position relevée - lesquels peuvent correspondre au poids de la nacelle élévatrice - sont contrés par les mécanismes à genouillère, et non pas par les actionneurs. De ce fait, la force à développer par les actionneurs est limitée à celle nécessaire pour passer les mécanismes à genouillère de la position repliée à la position dépliée et vice-versa. Cependant, cette solution est complexe et onéreuse malgré le fait de recourir à des actionneurs plus économiques. US 2002/0185850 A1 discloses another implementation of this second approach. Each bar is mounted to the frame by a first pair of links articulated together forming a first toggle mechanism and a second pair of links articulated together forming a second toggle mechanism. When the two toggle mechanisms are folded, the bar is in the raised position while the bar is in the lowered position when the toggle mechanisms are in the unfolded position. An actuator specific to each bar is mounted between the two toggle mechanisms to move them from the folded position to the unfolded position and vice versa. In unfolded position, the links of the toggle mechanisms are placed in abutment beyond the alignment position of their axes. In this way, the forces external to the aerial platform applied to the bars in the lowered position and which urge them to the raised position - which may correspond to the weight of the aerial platform - are countered by the toggle mechanisms, and not by the actuators. As a result, the force to be developed by the actuators is limited to that required to move the toggle mechanisms from the folded position to the unfolded position and vice versa. However, this solution is complex and expensive despite the use of more economical actuators.

EP 831 054 A2 divulgue une nacelle élévatrice selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Il s'agit encore d'une autre mise en oeuvre de cette deuxième approche, mais ne recourant qu'à un seul vérin hydraulique pour actionner les deux barres. Pour cela, le vérin est monté sous le châssis et s'étend parallèlement à mi-distance entre les deux barres, le corps du vérin étant fixé au châssis tandis que sa tige actionne en pivotement les deux barres par le biais d'un mécanisme de renvoi d'angle à genouillère lequel transforme le déplacement de la tige parallèle aux barres en un déplacement perpendiculaire aux barres. Bien que ne recourant qu'à un seul vérin, cette solution est malgré tout complexe et encombrante en raison du mécanisme de renvoi d'angle à genouillère. EP 831 054 A2 discloses an aerial platform according to the preamble of claim 1. This is yet another implementation of this second approach, but using only one hydraulic cylinder to actuate the two bars. For this, the jack is mounted under the frame and extends parallel to mid-distance between the two bars, the cylinder body being fixed to the frame while its rod actuates pivotally the two bars through a mechanism of kneepad angle return which converts the movement of the rod parallel to the bars in a movement perpendicular to the bars. Although using only one cylinder, this solution is still complex and cumbersome because of the knee-lever angle mechanism.

Par ailleurs, il est connu d'agencer sous le châssis, juste derrière les roues avant et devant les roues arrière, des barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poules qui sont fixes et très courtes, afin de diminuer la garde au sol uniquement localement au niveau des roues. Un exemple en est donné dans WO 2013/059243 A1 . Si cette solution est simple et économique, elle ne limite que modérément le risque que la nacelle ne verse. De plus, lors de son déplacement avec la plate-forme de travail abaissée, la nacelle élévatrice peut se bloquer sur des petites irrégularités au sol tel qu'un raccord de goudron présent par exemple sur les seuils de porte à l'entrée d'un bâtiment.Furthermore, it is known to arrange under the frame, just behind the front wheels and in front of the rear wheels, side bars protection against potholes which are fixed and very short, to reduce the ground clearance only locally. at the wheels. An example is given in WO 2013/059243 A1 . If this solution is simple and economical, it only moderately limits the risk that the nacelle pays. In addition, when moving with the work platform lowered, the aerial platform can hang on small irregularities on the ground such as a tar connection present for example on the door sills at the entrance of a building.

Un but de la présente invention est de fournir une solution technique de protection contre les nids de poule pour les nacelles élévatrices qui pallie au moins partiellement les inconvénients précités. Selon un aspect, l'invention vise à fournir une solution qui soit à la fois fiable tout en étant plus simple et économique.An object of the present invention is to provide a technical solution for protection against potholes for aerial work platforms that at least partially overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks. In one aspect, the invention aims to provide a solution that is both reliable while being simpler and more economical.

A cette fin, la présente invention propose une nacelle élévatrice, comprenant :

  • un châssis monté sur roues pour le déplacement de la nacelle élévatrice au sol ;
  • une plate-forme de travail ;
  • un mécanisme de levage monté sur le châssis et supportant la plate-forme de travail pour la déplacer en hauteur ;
  • deux barres latérales agencées sous le châssis, chacune étant mobile par rapport au châssis entre :
    • ∘ une position relevée ; et
    • ∘ une position abaissée dans laquelle la barre latérale dépasse du châssis en direction du sol ; et
  • un actionneur affecté uniquement à l'actionnement des deux barres latérales pour les déplacer de la position relevée à la position abaissée et réciproquement.
To this end, the present invention provides a lifting platform, comprising:
  • a chassis mounted on wheels for moving the aerial platform to the ground;
  • a work platform;
  • a lifting mechanism mounted on the frame and supporting the work platform to move it upwards;
  • two side bars arranged under the frame, each being movable relative to the frame between:
    • ∘ a raised position; and
    • ∘ a lowered position in which the side bar protrudes from the chassis towards the ground; and
  • an actuator assigned solely to actuating the two lateral bars to move them from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa.

La position abaissée des barres latérales permet de limiter le risque que la nacelle élévatrice ne se renverse si une roue roule dans un nid de poule lors de son déplacement au sol avec la plate-forme de travail levée. Le fait que l'actionneur soit affecté uniquement à l'actionnement des deux barres latérales est avantageux car en étant distinct du ou des actionneurs du mécanisme de levage de la plate-forme de travail, il évite de recourir à une liaison mécanique complexe entre le mécanisme de levage de la plate-forme et les barres latérales comme c'est le cas des arts antérieurs mettant en oeuvre la première approche décrite plus haut. Par ailleurs, le fait d'utiliser un seul actionneur pour actionner à la fois les deux barres est plus économique et limite les opérations de montage par rapport aux arts antérieurs recourant à deux actionneurs comme c'est le cas de ceux mettant en oeuvre la deuxième approche décrite plus haut.The lowered position of the side bars makes it possible to limit the risk that the aerial platform will overturn if a wheel rolls in a pothole during its displacement on the ground with the work platform raised. The fact that the actuator is assigned solely to the actuation of the two lateral bars is advantageous because, being distinct from the actuator (s) of the lifting mechanism of the working platform, it avoids resorting to a complex mechanical connection between the lifting mechanism of the platform and the side bars as is the case of the prior arts implementing the first approach described above. Moreover, the fact of using a single actuator to operate both bars is more economical and limits assembly operations compared to the prior art using two actuators as is the case of those implementing the second. approach described above.

Selon un aspect avantageux de l'invention, l'actionneur présente deux extrémités opposées par le biais desquelles il actionne les deux barres latérales en faisant varier la distance entre les deux extrémités, l'actionneur agissant sur chacune des deux barres latérales par le biais d'une autre des deux extrémités et l'actionneur n'étant maintenu que par le biais des deux extrémités. De ce fait, le mécanisme d'actionnement des barres est plus simple, plus économique et plus compact comparé à l'enseignement de EP 831 054 A2 mentionné plus haut.According to an advantageous aspect of the invention, the actuator has two opposite ends through which it actuates the two lateral bars by varying the distance between the two ends, the actuator acting on each of the two side bars through another of the two ends and the actuator being maintained only through the two ends. As a result, the actuation mechanism of the bars is simpler, more economical and more compact compared to the teaching of EP 831 054 A2 mentioned above.

Suivant des modes de réalisation préférés, l'invention comprend une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes :

  • chacune des barres est montée au châssis par le biais d'éléments de liaison et l'actionneur est maintenu au châssis uniquement par le biais desdits éléments de liaison ;
  • les barres sont montées au châssis en liaison pivotante ;
  • l'actionneur sollicite chaque barre en position abaissée contre une butée fixe respective du châssis ;
  • dans la combinaison des deux caractéristiques précédentes, il peut être prévu qu'en position abaissée, le bord inférieur de chaque barre soit décalé par rapport à une verticale passant par l'axe de pivotement de manière à ce que les efforts extérieurs à la nacelle élévatrice qui s'exercent verticalement vers le haut sur le bord inférieur de la barre soient contrés par la butée fixe respective du châssis ;
  • l'actionneur sollicite les barres en position relevée contre une butée fixe du châssis ;
  • chaque barre est horizontale et s'étend entre deux roues latérales sensiblement sur toute la longueur séparant les deux roues latérales ;
  • l'actionneur est un vérin ;
  • l'actionneur est un vérin hydraulique ;
  • le vérin s'étend horizontalement et perpendiculairement à la direction longitudinale du châssis ;
  • l'actionneur s'oppose aux efforts extérieurs à la nacelle élévatrice agissant sur les barres qui tendent à les déplacer de la position abaissée vers la position relevée ;
  • chacune des deux extrémités de l'actionneur est montée de préférence en liaison pivot sur l'une respective des deux barres ou sur une pièce sur laquelle est solidarisée l'une respective des deux barres ;
  • chacune des deux extrémités de l'actionneur est montée en liaison pivot sur un support respectif auquel est solidarisé une autre des deux barres latérales, le support étant monté pivotant au châssis ;
  • chacune des barres latérales est solidarisée au support respectif vers une de ses extrémités longitudinales, chacune des barres latérales étant en outre solidarisée vers l'autre de ses extrémités longitudinales à un deuxième support respectif monté pivotant au châssis ;
  • l'actionneur actionne chacune des deux barres latérales par le biais d'un mécanisme à verrouillage respectif, chaque mécanisme à verrouillage ayant une position déverrouillée et une position verrouillée, l'actionneur actionnant les mécanismes de verrouillage pour les faire passer de leur position déverrouillée à leur position verrouillée et réciproquement, le passage en position déverrouillée ayant pour effet de déplacer les barres latérales en position relevée et le passage en position verrouillée ayant pour effet de déplacer les barres en position abaissée, les mécanismes à verrouillage en position verrouillée contrant indépendamment de l'actionneur tout effort extérieur à la nacelle élévatrice exercé sur les barres qui tendent à les déplacer de la position abaissée vers la position relevée ;
  • la nacelle élévatrice est une nacelle élévatrice à ciseaux ou une nacelle élévatrice à mât vertical.
In preferred embodiments, the invention includes one or more of the following features:
  • each of the bars is mounted to the frame by means of connecting elements and the actuator is held to the frame only through said connecting elements;
  • the bars are mounted to the frame in pivotal connection;
  • the actuator urges each bar in the lowered position against a respective fixed stop of the frame;
  • in the combination of the two preceding characteristics, it can be provided that in the lowered position, the lower edge of each bar is offset relative to a vertical passing through the pivot axis so that the external forces to the aerial platform which exert vertically upward on the lower edge of the bar are countered by the respective fixed stop of the chassis;
  • the actuator urges the bars in the raised position against a fixed stop of the frame;
  • each bar is horizontal and extends between two lateral wheels substantially along the entire length separating the two lateral wheels;
  • the actuator is a cylinder;
  • the actuator is a hydraulic cylinder;
  • the jack extends horizontally and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the frame;
  • the actuator opposes the forces external to the lifting platform acting on the bars which tend to move them from the lowered position to the raised position;
  • each of the two ends of the actuator is preferably mounted in pivot connection on a respective one of the two bars or on a part on which is secured one respective of the two bars;
  • each of the two ends of the actuator is pivotally mounted on a respective support which is secured to another of the two side bars, the support being pivotally mounted to the frame;
  • each of the lateral bars is secured to the respective support towards one of its longitudinal ends, each of the lateral bars being further secured towards the other of its longitudinal ends to a second respective support pivotally mounted to the frame;
  • the actuator actuates each of the two side bars through a respective locking mechanism, each locking mechanism having an unlocked position and a locked position, the actuator actuating the locking mechanisms to move them from their unlocked position to their locked position and reciprocally, the transition to the unlocked position having the effect of moving the side bars in the raised position and the passage in the locked position having the effect of moving the bars in the lowered position, the locking mechanisms in the locked position counteracting independently of the actuator any force external to the aerial platform exerted on the bars which tend to move them from the lowered position to the raised position;
  • the aerial work platform is a scissor lift or vertical mast aerial work platform.

D'autres aspects, caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit d'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, donnée à titre d'exemple et en référence au dessin annexé.

  • La figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'une nacelle élévatrice à ciseaux avec la plate-forme de travail en position abaissée sur le châssis, la nacelle présentant des barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule qui ne sont pas visibles car en position relevée sous le châssis.
  • La figure 2 représente la même vue en perspective de la nacelle élévatrice de la figure 1, mais avec la plate-forme de travail levée et les barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule en position abaissée (dont une seule est visible).
  • La figure 3 représente pour une nacelle élévatrice à ciseaux des figures 1 et 2, le châssis et un système d'actionnement des barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule selon l'art antérieur de la gamme Optimum de la demanderesse, les barres étant en position relevée, étant précisé que la partie du châssis correspondant aux roues avant est fictivement omise pour rendre visible le système d'actionnement des barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule lequel est situé à un niveau du châssis un peu en arrière des roues avant.
  • La figure 4 représente pour une nacelle élévatrice à ciseaux des figures 1 et 2, une vue éclatée du châssis et du système d'actionnement des barres latérales selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.
  • Les figures 5 et 6 représentent respectivement une vue en perspective et une vue de face du châssis et du système d'actionnement des barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule, les barres étant en position relevée, étant précisé qu'une partie du châssis est fictivement omise pour rendre visible le système d'actionnement des barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule.
  • Les figures 7 et 8 sont similaires à celles des figures 5 et 6, mais avec les barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule en position abaissée.
  • Les figures 9 et 10 représentent schématiquement une variante selon l'invention du système d'actionnement des barres latérales de protection contre les nids de poule, les barres étant en position abaissée et en position relevée respectivement.
Other aspects, characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention, given by way of example and with reference to the appended drawing.
  • The figure 1 represents a perspective view of a scissor lift with the working platform in a lowered position on the chassis, the platform having side bars for protection against potholes which are not visible because in the raised position under the frame.
  • The figure 2 represents the same perspective view of the aerial lift figure 1 but with the work platform raised and the pothole protection side bars in the down position (only one of which is visible).
  • The figure 3 represents for a scissor lift figures 1 and 2 , the frame and a system for actuating the pothole protection side bars according to the prior art of the Optimum range of the applicant, the bars being in the raised position, it being specified that the part of the chassis corresponding to the front wheels is fictitiously omitted to make visible the operating system of the pothole protection side bars which is located at a level of the chassis a little behind the front wheels.
  • The figure 4 represents for a scissor lift figures 1 and 2 , an exploded view of the frame and the system for actuating the lateral bars according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • The Figures 5 and 6 respectively represent a perspective view and a front view of the frame and the actuation system of the pothole protection side bars, the bars being in the raised position, it being specified that part of the frame is fictitiously omitted to render visible the system of actuation of the lateral bars of protection against the potholes.
  • The Figures 7 and 8 are similar to those of Figures 5 and 6 , but with the pothole protection side bars in the down position.
  • The Figures 9 and 10 schematically represent a variant according to the invention of the operating system of the side bars of protection against potholes, the bars being in the lowered position and in the raised position respectively.

Nous allons décrire ci-après un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention en référence aux figures 1, 2 et 4 à 8. La description faite plus haut de la nacelle-élévatrice des figures 1 et 2 reste applicable dans le cadre du présent mode de réalisation.We will describe below a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to figures 1 , 2 and 4 to 8 . The above description of the aerial lift figures 1 and 2 remains applicable in the context of this embodiment.

Comme visible sur les figures 1 et 2, la nacelle-élévatrice comprend un châssis allongé, monté sur roues pour permettre le déplacement de la nacelle élévatrice. Les deux extrémités étroites définissent l'avant AV et l'arrière AR de la nacelle élévatrice eu égard à la direction de déplacement au sol que confèrent deux roues avant 4 et deux roues arrière 5 à la nacelle élévatrice.As visible on figures 1 and 2 , the aerial platform comprises an elongated chassis, mounted on wheels to allow the displacement of the aerial platform. The two narrow ends define the front AV and the rear rear of the aerial lift with regard to the direction of ground travel that two front wheels 4 and two rear wheels 5 give to the aerial platform.

La nacelle élévatrice comprend de chaque côté latéral une barre 10 de protection contre les nids de poule. L'une de ces deux barres est visible sur la figure 2 où elle est en position abaissée tandis qu'elles ne sont pas visibles sur la figure 1 car elles sont en position relevée sous le châssis 1. Chaque barre latérale 10 est agencée sous le châssis 1 et s'étend horizontalement sur sensiblement toute la longueur entre la roue avant et la roue arrière, qu'elle soit en position abaissée ou en position relevée.The lifting platform comprises on each side side a bar 10 for protection against potholes. One of these two bars is visible on the figure 2 where is she in the lowered position while they are not visible on the figure 1 because they are in the raised position under the frame 1. Each side bar 10 is arranged under the frame 1 and extends horizontally over substantially the entire length between the front wheel and the rear wheel, whether in the lowered position or in position identified.

Le système d'actionnement des barres 10 pour les déplacer en position abaissée et en position relevée va être décrit en référence aux figures 4 à 8.The system for actuating the bars 10 to move them in the lowered position and in the raised position will be described with reference to the Figures 4 to 8 .

Chaque barre 10 est solidarisée vers chacune de ses extrémités longitudinales à un support 21 lequel est monté pivotant au châssis 1 autour d'un axe 22 respectif. Les barres 10 passent de la position relevée à la position abaissée et vice-versa par pivotement autour des axes 22. Chaque barre 10 est déplacée entre ces deux positions par un même actionneur, en l'occurrence un vérin hydraulique 30. Celui-ci est affecté uniquement à l'actionnement des barres 10. Le corps du vérin 30 est monté en liaison pivot autour d'un axe 33 sur un support 21 d'une des barres 10. En l'occurrence, le corps du vérin 30 a été rallongé par une tige 32 qui est agencée de manière fixe sur le corps du vérin 30. La tige 31 du vérin 30 est montée en liaison pivot autour d'un axe 34 sur un support 21 de l'autre barre 10. En variante, la tige 31 du vérin 30 et/ou le corps du vérin 30 sont montés - de préférence en liaison pivot - directement à la barre 10 correspondante ou à une pièce autre qu'un support 21 à laquelle la barre 10 correspondante est solidarisée.Each bar 10 is secured to each of its longitudinal ends to a support 21 which is pivotally mounted to the frame 1 about a respective axis 22. The bars 10 pass from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa by pivoting about the axes 22. Each bar 10 is moved between these two positions by the same actuator, in this case a hydraulic cylinder 30. This is assigned only to the actuation of the bars 10. The body of the jack 30 is mounted in pivot connection about an axis 33 on a support 21 of one of the bars 10. In this case, the body of the jack 30 has been lengthened by a rod 32 which is fixedly arranged on the body of the jack 30. The rod 31 of the jack 30 is mounted in pivot connection about an axis 34 on a support 21 of the other bar 10. In a variant, the rod 31 of the jack 30 and / or the body of the jack 30 are mounted - preferably in pivot connection - directly to the corresponding bar 10 or to a piece other than a support 21 to which the corresponding bar 10 is secured.

Comme cela est visible des figures 5 et 6, lorsque la tige 31 sort du corps du vérin 30, la distance entre les deux axes 33, 34 augmente et fait pivoter chaque support 21 autour de son axe 22 de manière à déplacer les barres 10 en position relevée. Le pivotement des barres 10 est arrêté en position relevée en butant en 40 contre le châssis 1.As it is visible Figures 5 and 6 when the rod 31 leaves the body of the jack 30, the distance between the two axes 33, 34 increases and rotates each support 21 about its axis 22 so as to move the bars 10 in the raised position. The pivoting of the bars 10 is stopped in the raised position abutting 40 against the frame 1.

Comme cela est visible des figures 7 et 8, lorsque la tige 31 se rétracte dans le corps du vérin 30, la distance entre les deux axes 33, 34 diminue et fait pivoter chaque support 21 autour de son axe 22 en sens contraire du cas précédent, ce qui provoque le déplacement des barres 10 en position abaissée. Le pivotement des barres 10 est arrêté en position abaissé en butant en 41 - visible seulement sur les figures 6 et 8 - contre le châssis 1.As it is visible Figures 7 and 8 when the rod 31 retracts into the cylinder body 30, the distance between the two axes 33, 34 decreases and rotates each support 21 about its axis 22 in the opposite direction of the previous case, which causes the displacement of the bars 10 in the lowered position. The pivoting of the bars 10 is stopped in the lowered position by abutting at 41 - visible only on the figures 6 and 8 - against the chassis 1.

En variante, le vérin 30 peut être monté aux supports 21 de manière à ce que ce soit la sortie de la tige 31 qui provoque le déplacement des barres 10 en position abaissée et la rétractation de la tige 31 qui provoque leur déplacement 10 en position relevée.Alternatively, the jack 30 can be mounted to the supports 21 so that it is the output of the rod 31 which causes the displacement of the bars 10 in the lowered position and the retraction of the rod 31 which causes their displacement 10 in the raised position. .

Comme cela est visible, le vérin 30 s'étend horizontalement et perpendiculairement à la direction longitudinale du châssis 1, ce qui limite l'espace nécessaire au logement du vérin 30.As can be seen, the jack 30 extends horizontally and perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the frame 1, which limits the space necessary for housing the jack 30.

Le vérin 30 est uniquement maintenu au châssis par les supports 21 auxquels il est monté, ce qui simplifie les opérations de montage.The jack 30 is only held to the frame by the supports 21 to which it is mounted, which simplifies assembly operations.

L'alimentation hydraulique du vérin 30 est réalisée par des tuyaux souples, ce qui permet au corps du vérin de se déplacer relativement au châssis 1 lorsque la tige 31 sort ou se rétracte.The hydraulic supply of the jack 30 is made by flexible hoses, which allows the cylinder body to move relative to the frame 1 when the rod 31 out or retracts.

Dans notre exemple, le vérin 30 est un vérin à double effet. Il est alimenté en fluide hydraulique par le biais de deux raccords 36, 37 montés dans notre exemple sur un boîtier 35. Le boîtier 35 est lui-même monté sur le corps du vérin 30 par deux tubes rigides alimentant chacune des chambres du vérin 30 depuis les raccords 36, 37 via un clapet anti-retour respectif contenu dans le boîtier 35. Ces clapets anti-retours fournissent avantageusement une sécurité en bloquant en position la tige 31 du vérin 30 lorsqu'il n'est pas en mouvement ou dans le cas où le circuit d'alimentation hydraulique devait tomber en panne.In our example, the cylinder 30 is a double-acting cylinder. It is supplied with hydraulic fluid by means of two connectors 36, 37 mounted in our example on a housing 35. The housing 35 is itself mounted on the body of the jack 30 by two rigid tubes feeding each of the chambers of the jack 30 from the fittings 36, 37 via a respective nonreturn valve contained in the housing 35. These check valves advantageously provide security by locking in position the rod 31 of the cylinder 30 when it is not moving or in the case where the hydraulic supply circuit had to fail.

Par mesure de sécurité, il est prévu un capteur de position 50 pour chaque barre 10 afin de vérifier si elle est en position abaissée. Cela permet de déclencher une alarme et empêcher le déplacement au sol de la nacelle élévatrice si l'une des barres 10 n'est pas en position abaissée alors qu'elle devrait l'être. En l'occurrence, chaque capteur 50 coopère avec une surface du support 21 de la barre 10.As a safety measure, a position sensor 50 is provided for each bar 10 to verify that it is in the lowered position. This makes it possible to trigger an alarm and prevent the platform from moving on the ground if one of the bars 10 is not in the lowered position when it should be. In this case, each sensor 50 cooperates with a surface of the support 21 of the bar 10.

Il est avantageux que le bord inférieur 10a des barres 10, lorsqu'elles sont en position abaissée, soit décalé vers l'extérieur du châssis par rapport à la verticale V passant par l'axe 22 de pivotement du support 21. De la sorte, les efforts Fv extérieurs à la nacelle élévatrice s'exerçant verticalement vers le haut sur le bord inférieur 10a des barres 10 sont contrés directement par le châssis 1 en 41 où la barre 10 est en appui. Ce n'est donc pas le vérin 30 qui contre les efforts verticaux. Il en va de même des efforts FLI extérieurs à la nacelle élévatrice s'exerçant latéralement sur les barres 10 en direction de l'extérieur du châssis 1. En revanche, le vérin 30 contre les efforts FLE extérieurs à la nacelle élévatrice qui s'exercent latéralement sur les barres 10 vers l'intérieur du châssis 1. Ceci est avantageux du fait que les efforts latéraux FLE et FLI sont généralement moindres que les efforts verticaux Fv, ce qui permet de recourir à un vérin 30 moins puissant et donc moins coûteux.It is advantageous for the lower edge 10a of the bars 10, when in the lowered position, to be offset towards the outside of the frame with respect to the vertical V passing through the axis 22 of pivoting of the support 21. In this way, the forces Fv external to the aerial platform exerted vertically upwards on the lower edge 10a of the bars 10 are directly countered by the frame 1 at 41 where the bar 10 is supported. It is therefore not the jack 30 against the vertical forces. It is the same F LI efforts outside the lifting platform acting laterally on the bars 10 towards the outside of the chassis 1. On the other hand, the jack 30 against the forces F LE outside the aerial platform that s exert laterally on the bars 10 towards the interior of the frame 1. This is advantageous because the lateral forces F LE and F LI are generally less than the vertical forces Fv, which makes it possible to use a less powerful jack 30 and therefore less expensive.

De manière générale, le système d'actionnement des barres 10 est préférentiellement dimensionné de manière à pouvoir maintenir les barres 10 en position abaissée pour des efforts verticaux Fv exercés sur chacune d'elle d'au moins la moitié du poids de la nacelle élévatrice avec sa plate-forme de travail chargée à sa charge maximale autorisée. De même, le système d'actionnement des barres 10 est préférentiellement dimensionné de manière à pouvoir maintenir les barres 10 en position abaissée pour des efforts latéraux FLE, FLI exercés sur chacune d'elle d'au moins le quart du poids de la nacelle élévatrice avec sa plate-forme de travail chargée à sa charge maximale autorisée.In general, the system for actuating the bars 10 is preferably dimensioned so as to be able to keep the bars 10 in the lowered position for vertical forces Fv exerted on each of them by at least half the weight of the aerial lift with his work platform loaded to his maximum allowed load. Likewise, the system for actuating the bars 10 is preferably dimensioned so as to be able to keep the bars 10 in the lowered position for lateral forces F LE , F LI exerted on each of them from less than one quarter of the weight of the aerial work platform with its working platform loaded to its maximum authorized load.

Le vérin 30 peut être alimenté par le circuit d'alimentation hydraulique de la nacelle élévatrice qui sert à l'alimentation des actionneurs du mécanisme de levage 2 et/ou des actionneurs commandant l'orientation des roues directrices 4 de la nacelle élévatrice. Le vérin peut être classiquement commandé par un distributeur hydraulique de préférence à commande électrique. Le distributeur peut être commandé alors par un circuit électrique en fonction par exemple d'un capteur de position - non représenté - qui détecte si le mécanisme de levage 2 de la plateforme de travail 3 est en position abaissée et/ou des commandes déclenchées par l'opérateur au poste de commande de la nacelle élévatrice.The cylinder 30 may be powered by the hydraulic supply circuit of the aerial platform which serves to supply the actuators of the lifting mechanism 2 and / or actuators controlling the orientation of the steering wheels 4 of the aerial platform. The jack can be classically controlled by a hydraulic distributor preferably electrically controlled. The dispenser can then be controlled by an electrical circuit depending for example on a position sensor - not shown - which detects whether the lifting mechanism 2 of the working platform 3 is in the lowered position and / or commands triggered by the operator at the control station of the aerial work platform.

Il y a plusieurs façons de gérer les séquences d'abaissement et de relèvement des barres 10. A titre d'exemple, le circuit de commande peut provoquer le relèvement des barres 10 dans le cas où une commande de déplacement de la nacelle élévatrice au sol est déclenchée par l'opérateur et que le capteur de position précité détecte que le mécanisme de levage 2 est en position abaissée. En sens contraire, le circuit de commande peut provoquer l'abaissement des barres 10 dans le cas où une commande de levage de la plate-forme de travail 3 est déclenchée par l'opérateur. Si le capteur de position du mécanisme de levage signale que la plate-forme de travail 3 est levée et qu'un des capteurs de position 50 indique qu'une barre n'est pas en position abaissée, le circuit de commande interdit le déplacement au sol de la nacelle élévatrice et déclenche une alerte à l'attention de l'opérateur, par exemple en allumant un voyant de défaut sur le poste de commande.There are several ways to manage the lowering and raising sequences of the bars 10. For example, the control circuit can cause the raising of the bars 10 in the case where a control movement of the aerial platform on the ground is triggered by the operator and that the aforementioned position sensor detects that the lifting mechanism 2 is in the lowered position. In the opposite direction, the control circuit can cause the lowering of the bars 10 in the case where a lifting control of the work platform 3 is triggered by the operator. If the position sensor of the lifting mechanism signals that the work platform 3 is raised and one of the position sensors 50 indicates that a bar is not in the lowered position, the control circuit prohibits the movement to the the platform and triggers an alert to the operator, for example by lighting a fault light on the control station.

Les figures 9 et 10 illustre schématiquement une variante au mode de réalisation précédemment décrit. Seule la partie gauche du système d'actionnement est représentée, étant précisé que la partie droite non représentée est réalisée de la même manière, sauf à ce que c'est le corps du vérin 30 qui est relié au support 21 correspondant de la même manière que la tige du vérin 31 pour la partie gauche du système d'actionnement. Nous mentionnerons ci-après que les différences de cette variante par rapport au mode de réalisation précédent. Comme précédemment, les barres 10 sont montées en liaison pivot au châssis autour d'un axe 22. En revanche, le vérin 30 actionne chaque barre 10 par le biais d'un mécanisme à verrouillage respectif. Il est constitué dans cet exemple par deux biellettes 61 et 62. La biellette 61 est montée en liaison pivot au support 22 autour de l'axe 63. A son autre extrémité, la biellette 61 est montée pivotante autour de l'axe 64 à une extrémité de la biellette 62. L'autre extrémité de la biellette 62 est montée en liaison pivot au châssis autour de l'axe 65. La tige 31 est liée en liaison pivot au mécanisme de verrouillage à l'axe 64.The Figures 9 and 10 schematically illustrates a variant of the embodiment described above. Only the left part of the actuating system is shown, it being specified that the right part not shown is made in the same way, except that it is the body of the jack 30 which is connected to the corresponding support 21 in the same way that the cylinder rod 31 for the left part of the actuating system. We will mention below that the differences of this variant with respect to the previous embodiment. As before, the bars 10 are mounted pivotally connected to the frame about an axis 22. On the other hand, the jack 30 actuates each bar 10 by means of a respective locking mechanism. It is constituted in this example by two links 61 and 62. The rod 61 is mounted in pivot connection to the support 22 about the axis 63. At its other end, the rod 61 is pivotally mounted about the axis 64 at a end of the rod 62. The other end of the rod 62 is pivotally connected to the frame about the axis 65. The rod 31 is linked in pivot connection to the locking mechanism to the axis 64.

La figure 10 illustre la position déverrouillée du mécanisme de verrouillage dans laquelle les biellettes 61 et 62 sont dans une position repliée tandis que la barre 10 est relevée. Le vérin 30 déplace le mécanisme de verrouillage et la barre 10 lorsqu'il sort sa tige 31.The figure 10 illustrates the unlocked position of the locking mechanism in which the rods 61 and 62 are in a folded position while the bar 10 is raised. The jack 30 moves the locking mechanism and the bar 10 when it leaves its rod 31.

Lorsque le vérin 30 rétracte sa tige 31, celle-ci déplace le mécanisme de verrouillage en position verrouillée qui est illustrée par la figure 9. En l'occurrence, l'axe 64 a dépassé la position d'alignement avec les axes 63, 65 et l'une des biellettes 61, 62 est en appui contre une butée 66 du châssis 1. De la sorte, les biellettes 61, 62 sont dans une position autobloquante par rapport à tout effort extérieur à la nacelle élévatrice exercé sur la barre 10 qui tend à la faire pivoter de la position abaissée vers la position relevée. Autrement dit, en position verrouillée, le mécanisme de verrouillage contre ces efforts indépendamment du vérin. Puisque le vérin 30 n'intervient pas dans le maintien en position de la barre 10 vis-à-vis de ces efforts, il peut être d'une puissance nettement plus faible puisqu'il doit seulement être apte d'actionner les mécanismes de verrouillage. Dans ce cas, il est possible de remplacer le vérin hydraulique 30 par un vérin pneumatique, voir un actionneur électromécanique.When the jack 30 retracts its rod 31, it moves the locking mechanism in the locked position which is illustrated by the figure 9 . In this case, the axis 64 has exceeded the alignment position with the axes 63, 65 and one of the rods 61, 62 is in abutment against a stop 66 of the frame 1. In this way, the rods 61, 62 are in a self-locking position with respect to any external force exerted on the lifting platform exerted on the bar 10 which tends to rotate it from the lowered position to the raised position. In other words, in the locked position, the locking mechanism against these forces independently of the cylinder. Since the jack 30 does not intervene in maintaining the position of the bar 10 vis-à-vis these efforts, it can be a much lower power since it must only be able to actuate the locking mechanisms . In this case, it is possible to replace the hydraulic cylinder 30 with a pneumatic cylinder, see an electromechanical actuator.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux exemples et au mode de réalisation décrits et représentés, mais elle est susceptible de nombreuses variantes accessibles à l'homme de l'art. L'actionneur peut être de tout type approprié autre qu'un vérin hydraulique. Bien que particulièrement adapté aux nacelles élévatrices à ciseaux et les nacelles élévatrices à mâts verticaux, l'invention peut être appliquée à tout autre type de plates-formes élévatrices mobiles de personnel, y compris des nacelles élévatrices tractées ou poussées pour les déplacer au sol.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the examples and to the embodiment described and shown, but it is capable of numerous variants accessible to those skilled in the art. The actuator may be of any suitable type other than a hydraulic cylinder. Although particularly suitable for scissor lifts and vertical boom lifts, the invention can be applied to any other type of mobile elevating work platforms, including towed or pushed aerial work platforms to move them to the ground.

Claims (15)

  1. An aerial work platform, comprising:
    - a chassis (1) mounted on wheels (4, 5) for movement of the aerial work platform on the ground;
    - a work platform (3);
    - a lifting mechanism (2) mounted on the chassis and supporting the work platform (3) for moving it in height;
    - two side bars (10) arranged under the chassis, each being able to move with respect to the chassis between:
    ∘ a raised position; and
    ∘ a lowered position in which the side bar projects beyond the chassis in the direction of the ground; and
    - an actuator (30) allocated solely to the actuation of the two side bars for moving them from the raised position to the lowered position and vice versa,
    characterised in that the actuator has two opposite ends through which it actuates the two side bars by varying the distance between the two ends, the actuator acting on each of the two side bars through another one of the two ends and the actuator being held only through the two ends.
  2. The aerial work platform according to claim 1, in which:
    - each of the bars (10) is mounted on the chassis (1) through connection elements (21, 22; 21, 22, 61-65); and
    - the actuator (30) is held on the chassis solely through said connection elements.
  3. The aerial work platform according to claim 1 or 2, in which the bars (10) are mounted on the chassis (1) in a pivoting connection.
  4. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 3, in which the actuator (30) urges each bar (10) in the lowered position against a respective fixed stop of the chassis (1).
  5. The aerial work platform according to claims 3 and 4, in which, in the lowered position, the bottom edge (10a) of each bar (10) is offset with respect to a vertical (V) passing through the pivot axis so that the forces external to the aerial work platform that are exerted vertically upwards on the bottom edge of the bar are countered by the respective fixed stop of the chassis.
  6. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 5, in which the actuator (30) urges the bars (10) in the raised position against a fixed stop of the chassis.
  7. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 6, in which each bar (10) is horizontal and extends between two side wheels (4, 5) substantially over the entire length separating the two side wheels.
  8. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 7, in which the actuator (30) is a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.
  9. The aerial work platform according to claim 8, in which the cylinder (30) extends horizontally and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the chassis (1).
  10. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 9, in which the actuator (30) opposes the forces external to the aerial work platform acting on the bars (10) that tend to move them from the lowered position to the raised position.
  11. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 10, in which each of the two ends of the actuator is mounted, preferably in a pivot connection, on a respective one of the two bars or on a part on which a respective one of the two bars is secured.
  12. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 11, in which each of the two ends of the actuator (30) is mounted in a pivot connection on a respective support (21) to which another one of the two side bars (10) is secured, the support being mounted pivotably on the chassis (1).
  13. The aerial work platform according to claim 12, in which each of the side bars (10) is secured to the respective support (21) towards one of its longitudinal ends, each of the side bars (10) further being secured towards the other of its longitudinal ends to a second respective support (21) mounted pivotably on the chassis (1).
  14. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 9, in which the actuator (30) actuates each of the two side bars through a respective locking mechanism (61-65), each locking mechanism having an unlocked position and a locked position, the actuator actuating the locking mechanisms for making them pass from their unlocked position to their locked position and vice versa, the passage to the unlocked position having the effect of moving the side bars into the raised position and the passage into the locked position having the effect of moving the bars (10) into the lowered position, the locking mechanisms in the locked position countering, independently of the actuator, any force external to the aerial work platform (Fv, FLI, FLE) exerted on the bars (10) that tend to move them from the lowered position to the raised position.
  15. The aerial work platform according to any of claims 1 to 14, which is a scissor-type aerial work platform or a vertical-mast aerial work platform.
EP16720460.1A 2015-04-18 2016-04-15 Working platform with pothole protection Active EP3286128B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1553476A FR3035099A1 (en) 2015-04-18 2015-04-18 LIFT NACELLE A PROTECTION AGAINST NIDS DE POULE
PCT/FR2016/050893 WO2016170255A1 (en) 2015-04-18 2016-04-15 Anti-pothole aerial work platform

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EP3286128A1 EP3286128A1 (en) 2018-02-28
EP3286128B1 true EP3286128B1 (en) 2019-09-11

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CN (1) CN107531471B (en)
AU (1) AU2016252094B2 (en)
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FR (1) FR3035099A1 (en)
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US10676334B2 (en) 2020-06-09
CN107531471A (en) 2018-01-02
CA2982883A1 (en) 2016-10-27
FR3035099A1 (en) 2016-10-21
CN107531471B (en) 2019-08-09
WO2016170255A1 (en) 2016-10-27
AU2016252094A1 (en) 2017-11-30
US20180162708A1 (en) 2018-06-14
AU2016252094B2 (en) 2020-04-02
EP3286128A1 (en) 2018-02-28
CA2982883C (en) 2024-01-23

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