EP3283926B1 - Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks - Google Patents

Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3283926B1
EP3283926B1 EP16714904.6A EP16714904A EP3283926B1 EP 3283926 B1 EP3283926 B1 EP 3283926B1 EP 16714904 A EP16714904 A EP 16714904A EP 3283926 B1 EP3283926 B1 EP 3283926B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
magnetic
pivot axis
arbor
une
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16714904.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3283926A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Philippe Rochat
Benoît LÉGERET
Davide Sarchi
Polychronis Nakis Karapatis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Montres Breguet SA
Original Assignee
Montres Breguet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Montres Breguet SA filed Critical Montres Breguet SA
Publication of EP3283926A1 publication Critical patent/EP3283926A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3283926B1 publication Critical patent/EP3283926B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/02—Shock-damping bearings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a watchmaking subassembly for a watch, comprising a main structure and a movable shaft pivoting around a pivot axis in at least one housing of said main structure, said shaft comprising at least one surface in a magnetic material or ferromagnetic, or respectively in an electrified or electrostatic conductive material, and said main structure comprising at least one polar mass arranged to create, near at least one said surface, a magnetic field, or respectively an electrostatic field, for maintaining axial and radial of said shaft.
  • the invention also relates to a movement comprising at least one such sub-assembly.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such sub-assembly.
  • the invention relates to the field of watch movements comprising pivoting mechanical components.
  • mechanical technology is generally used to maintain a component, in particular a shaft, in a particular position. This may involve holding it in place thanks to an elastic system, particularly when a certain freedom of movement is necessary in the event of an impact.
  • a spring holds a shaft in contact.
  • a pre-loaded spring Maintained by a pre-loaded spring is not stable over time: such a spring, which must work with variations in stress due to shocks suffered by the watch, is subject to fatigue and wear, from same as each component which is subjected to percussion forces in abutment.
  • Requirement EP 2450 758 in the name of MONTRES BREGUET SA describes a process for orienting a watch component made of magnetically permeable or magnetic material having two ends, where two magnetic fields are created on either side of these ends, each attracting the component to a polar mass , with an imbalance in the intensity of the magnetic fields around the component to create a differential of forces on the latter and place one of the ends on a contact surface of one of the masses, and keep the other end at a distance from the other polar mass.
  • This application also describes an electrostatic variant on the same principle.
  • the application also relates to a magnetic pivot (or an electrostatic variant) comprising such a watch component, comprising a guiding device with, at an air gap distance greater than the center distance between the ends, surfaces of two polar masses arranged to be attracted each by a magnetic field emitted by one of the ends, or to each generate a magnetic field attracting one of the ends, so that the magnetic forces exerted at the two ends are of different intensity, to attract one of the ends into contact with a only polar surfaces.
  • Requirement EP 2450 759 in the name of MONTRES BREGUET SA describes a magnetic (or electrostatic) anti-shock device for the protection of a watch component pivotally mounted between a first and a second end. It comprises, on either side of these ends, on the one hand pivoting guiding means or means for attracting the first end held in support on a first polar mass, and on the other hand, in the vicinity of a second polar mass of the pivoting guiding means of the second end or of the means of attracting the second end towards the second polar mass, and the pivoting guiding means or means of attracting the first end of on the one hand, and the pivoting guide means or means attraction of the second end on the other hand, are movable along a given direction between stops.
  • the document FR1314364 in the name of HELD describes a combination of magnets for magnetic suspension of contactless watch pivots, with the combination of an annular disk magnet pierced right through in the center.
  • this magnet is magnetized radially, with one pole on the inner generators of the hole, the other pole on the outer generators.
  • this magnet is axially magnetized, the two polar areas being distributed over the two circular flat surfaces of the disc, the axis of the magnetically maintained and guided movable assembly passing through the center of the hole of the annular magnet, this axis being constituted by a non-magnetic thin-walled tube containing a hyper-coercive material, magnetized in one piece with two poles of opposite names at the two ends, or in two segments separated by an interval, the ends facing the two segments housed in the protective tube having poles of the same name, in assembly with fixed disk magnet, with radial polar axes and poles of opposite name in assembly with axially magnetized disk, the interval separating the two segments forming the core of the the tubular axis being of the same order as the thickness of the disc considered and placed inside the central hole of the latter, such that the terminal ends of the axial filiform magnet protrude slightly inside the hole, the two flat, circular surfaces delimiting the height of the cylinder or magnetic disk.
  • the invention aims to define an architecture for maintaining the position of a watch shaft, which is capable of ensuring a stable anti-shock effect over time, and which is reproducible.
  • the invention relates to a watch subassembly for a watch according to claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a movement comprising at least one such sub-assembly.
  • the invention also relates to a watch comprising at least one such sub-assembly.
  • the invention proposes maintaining a watch shaft, of the anti-shock type, in an unalterable manner, under the effect of a magnetic and/or electrostatic field.
  • the invention can also be implemented with the use of electrostatic fields, in particular through the use of electrets. Or by combining magnetic fields and electrostatic fields.
  • shaft any watchmaking component arranged to pivot around a theoretical pivot axis.
  • the invention is described below essentially for the shafted parts of such a component, or mobile, or similar.
  • the invention is illustrated in a simplified manner with a shaft of revolution, comprising one or more cylindrical bearing surfaces. But this illustration is in no way limiting, the invention can be applied to any type of component, such as anchor, escape wheel, wheel, pinion, or other.
  • the principle is to position one or more magnets on a fixed part, and to exploit the magnetic force experienced by a ferromagnetic (attraction), diamagnetic (repulsion) or paramagnetic (attraction) component which must be fixed. This component therefore experiences an attractive or repulsive force, which can be used to hold it in place.
  • a first variant, in figures 1 to 3 consists of using magnetic force to constrain a shaft in three directions, for example by keeping it in contact in a triangle which positions it (positioning stops). Contact can also be made directly on the permanent magnets.
  • a second variant, in Figure 4 with a radial mechanical guide and a magnet which ensures axial resistance, concerns cases where the magnetic force is used to constrain a shaft in one or two of the three directions, while a mechanical guide is used to limit its movement in the other directions.
  • radial guidance can be carried out via a chimney while the shaft is held axially by a magnet.
  • the number of magnets used can of course vary from one variant to another. We can imagine, for example, a construction which uses a crown of several magnets instead of a simple magnet for axial z holding on the figures 1 to 4 . This has the advantage of averaging the defects of the components, and of exerting the effort, in particular the force, over a greater radius.
  • a holding system is constructed, exploiting the efforts in the broad sense, that is to say forces or torques, induced on a piece of magnetized material or ferromagnetic material immersed in a magnetic field .
  • This effort depends on the magnetization of the material, or its magnetic permeability, and the intensity of the local magnetic field.
  • one or more magnets are positioned on a fixed part called structure, and/or on the shaft. This tree undergoes (or generates, in the case where it is itself magnetized and cooperates with a magnetized or non-magnetized ferromagnetic environment) an attraction or repulsion force which can be used to hold it in place.
  • the magnetic force alone can be sufficient to retain an element during shocks.
  • THE figures 20 and 21 show the magnetic force Fm, in Newton, which can be generated by a system with two magnetic bodies, respectively with two magnets in Figure 20 , or with a magnet and a ferromagnetic part in Figure 21 , depending on the ratio h1/h2 of the relative size of these two bodies.
  • the magnetic system not only has a holding role, but also makes it possible to facilitate the putting/replacing function, as visible on the figures 10 and 11 .
  • additional force must be applied to overcome the repulsion of the magnets, and, once the system is in place, it is held there in the z-axial direction; such a system becomes particularly interesting if it is combined with the introduction of stones, or any other tribological surface, to minimize the friction of radial contact.
  • the second case of the Figure 11 is a magnetic refocusing system, where the shaft, including permanent magnets, is held against a line-shaped structure composed of attractive parts and repulsive parts. These parts can also be made of permanent magnets.
  • the radial hold of this system is magnetic via the attractive parts (with the possibilities of variants presented above); the component is magnetically re-centered after each shock. This system is easily adaptable for an angular degree of freedom.
  • the line-shaped structure of the Figure 12 with attractive and repulsive regions can also be directly on the shaft, with a permanent magnet on the fixed part of the movement.
  • the magnetic force can constrain a covering or movement element in the three directions, for example by keeping it in contact in a female trihedron which positions it, and which also constitutes a set of positioning stops.
  • the magnetic elements can be set back from the contact surfaces. Contact can also be made directly on surfaces of magnetic components.
  • a variant concerns cases where the magnetic force is used to constrain an element in one or two of the three directions, while mechanical guidance is used to limit its movement in the other directions.
  • the pivoting of the shaft can be traditional, by guiding in a stone or a bearing, or even be of the magnetic type, or other, in particular combined.
  • Magnetic holding is therefore used to counter weak shocks, with an amplitude from which the magnetically held shaft detaches to go into a mechanical safety stop.
  • This mode of operation has the advantages of springs, while causing a lower shock when returning to position.
  • the magnetic system as opposed to the spring system, exerts a force which decreases with the distance of the shaft from its operating position, in hold. The energy stored during an accidental impact, and which is released when the element returns to position, is therefore lower.
  • the cooperation of the magnetic and/or electrostatic fields present at the level of the structure and/or the shaft is sequenced, and comprises electromagnetic barriers which depend on the relative position of the the tree and the structure, and the passage of each of which consumes all or part of the kinetic energy of the tree during an impact.
  • the relative force can be generated by two magnets, or by a magnet near a ferromagnetic (attraction), diamagnetic (repulsion) or paramagnetic (attraction) part.
  • the shaft to be held in place may itself be ferromagnetic, diamagnetic or paramagnetic and be located near a magnet, or else itself comprise one or more magnets or magnetized, or respectively electrified, zones.
  • the repulsion mode is, however, easier to implement for damping at the end of the shaft, and this non-limiting mode is described in the illustrated examples.
  • the damping characteristics according to the invention are good for shocks of low or medium magnitude. If it is possible to use this technology for the complete absorption of the exceptional kinetic energy of the shaft during an impact, it is clear that this is to the detriment of bulk.
  • the invention is preferably combined with a conventional mechanical stop, which can be a free stop, or a support surface of a spring which is not in contact with the shaft during small or medium-sized shocks. .
  • a conventional mechanical stop which can be a free stop, or a support surface of a spring which is not in contact with the shaft during small or medium-sized shocks.
  • any magnet surface is protected, due to its fragility, by another surface which comprises, depending on the case, the shaft, or the structural element concerned.
  • the contact between antagonistic constituents such as a main structure 100 and a shaft 10 can be a contact of a part of the shaft to be held against a positioning stop, which is not necessarily magnetic.
  • the invention lends itself particularly well to maintaining contact with the shaft, both axially and radially. Because the configuration with a distance from the shaft, axial and/or radial, advantageous in terms of friction, cannot always be implemented.
  • this cooperation ensures radial support, to permanently tend to align the shaft 10 on its theoretical pivot axis DA. Therefore, even if the traditional pivoting guidance of the shaft 10 is not perfect, this guidance is optimized by the influence of magnetic or electrostatic fields which tend to realign the shaft 10 permanently along its axis DA.
  • the contact is not shown; this contact can be directly from the magnet against the shaft (or from the fixed magnet against the magnet of the part to be kept in contact if necessary), as on the figure 8 or even a part of the component to be held against a positioning stop (not necessarily magnetic) as on the Figure 9 .
  • the surface against which contact is maintained can undergo adaptation to optimize its tribological and mechanical properties.
  • a surface layer can, for example, be corundum, diamond or a protective coating.
  • This surface layer can also be made from a material combining particular tribological and magnetic properties, such as tungsten carbide, in particular with a cobalt binder.
  • the magnetic force alone can be sufficient to retain an element during shocks.
  • magnetic forces forces and/or torques
  • one or more magnets are preferably positioned on a fixed part, and we exploit the magnetic force experienced by a ferromagnetic (attraction), diamagnetic (repulsion) or paramagnetic (attraction) component which must be fixed. This component will therefore undergo an attraction or repulsion force which can be used to hold it in place. Reverse relative positioning is also possible.
  • a variant represented in figures 1 to 3 consists of using a magnetic force to constrain a shaft 10 in three directions, for example by maintaining it in a trihedron which positions it, or in contact by positioning stops not shown, or/and by magnetic interaction with permanent magnets .
  • any shaft 10 cooperates with a first structure 11 which radially surrounds a first upper bearing surface 16 of the shaft, and with a second structure 12 in its axial alignment along the pivot axis DA.
  • this first structure 11 and this second structure 12 are magnets.
  • a third structure 13 includes a bore 15 which limits the radial movement of a lower bearing 17 of the shaft 10.
  • FIG. 4 Another variation, represented in figures 4 and 5 , illustrates the cases where the magnetic force is used to constrain a shaft 10 in one or two of the three directions, here in the axial direction corresponding to the pivot axis DA, while mechanical guidance is used to limit the movement of shaft 10 in the other directions.
  • the radial guidance can be carried out via a chimney, at the level of a bore 14 of a first structure 11, while the shaft 10 is held axially by a magnet included in a second structure 12.
  • the number of magnets used can of course vary from one variant to another.
  • a construction comprising a crown of several magnets instead of a simple magnet for axial holding in the axial direction, in the examples of figures 1 to 5 , thus has the advantage of averaging out the defects of the components, and of exerting the effort over a higher radius. This can be an advantage if the mechanism is arranged to exploit dissipation by eddy currents, to increase the friction capacities of a magnetic equivalent of a friction spring.
  • the preferred, but non-limiting, solution thus uses a magnetic force of attraction, either between two magnets, or between a magnet and a magnetically conductive part, in particular ferromagnetic. It allows better stability and better control of the position of the parts.
  • equation (1) is only valid for determining the force between a magnet and a magnetic part (it is not valid for determining the force between two magnets), and, in most cases the magnetic part is ferromagnetic, and will therefore magnetize in accordance with the magnet: in this case, the force is attractive. Only in the case where the magnetic part is diamagnetic, there is a repulsive force between the magnet and the component, but this force is ten to a hundred times weaker than that which can be obtained by attraction.
  • This mode of operation has the advantages of springs, while causing a lower shock when returning to the normal operating position.
  • the magnetic system as opposed to the spring, exerts a force which decreases with the distance of the shaft from its held position. The energy stored during an accidental impact, which is released when the component returns to position, is therefore lower.
  • the contact is not shown.
  • This contact can be direct contact of the magnet with the shaft, as on the figure 8 , or even a part of the shaft to be held against a positioning stop (not necessarily magnetic) as on the Figure 9 .
  • the surface against which contact is maintained can undergo adaptation to optimize its tribological and mechanical properties.
  • the red surface can, for example, be corundum, diamond, sapphire or a protective coating.
  • the surface can also be a material combining interesting tribological and magnetic properties, such as tungsten carbide with a cobalt binder.
  • the magnetic system has this holding role, and also makes it possible to facilitate the putting/replacing function, as visible on the figures 10 to 12 .
  • the second case of the Figure 12 is a magnetic recentering system where the shaft 10 comprises permanent magnets, and is held against a line-shaped structure composed of attractive parts and repulsive parts. These parts can also be made of permanent magnets.
  • the radial hold of this system is magnetic via the attractive parts, with the possibilities of variants presented above; the shaft is magnetically re-centered after each shock.
  • This system is easily adaptable for an angular degree of freedom.
  • Such a line-shaped structure with attractive and repulsive regions can also be directly on the shaft 10, with a permanent magnet on the structure, linked to a fixed part of the clock movement.
  • THE Figures 18A, 18B, 18C represent a mechanism exploiting the system of Figure 12 .
  • THE Figures 18A and 18B show a shaft having a permanent magnet placed close to the line-shaped structure, here in the form of a shell (not necessarily a revolution) which includes an alternation of diamagnetic and paramagnetic/ferromagnetic zones.
  • FIG 18C illustrates the polarities generated by the presence of the permanent magnet (fixed on the shaft) and by the magnetic properties of the zones on the shell.
  • the shaft equipped with a permanent magnet then experiences a force similar to the versions of figures 10 to 12 , but this force is here generated by diamagnetic and paramagnetic/ferromagnetic zones.
  • FIGS. 19A and 19C are similar to Figures 18B and 18C , but for a system using mechanical contact maintenance, the cross-shaped part being fixed.
  • a variant with magnets that do not rotate, similar to the figure 1 allows the shaft to be pressed radially always on the same face, and the position of the shaft is then less variable.
  • Another variation consists of adding a frontal magnet to the fixed structure, so as to help the axial holding of the shaft at one of the ends.
  • Another variant with a decreasing force instead of increasing with the movement of the shaft in the chimney, allows obtaining a strong holding force, and a contribution of the magnetic force decreasing with shocks of greater amplitudes. important (where a stop takes over).
  • FIG. 22 illustrates the case of a shaft attracted axially by a polar mass, and whose end is in friction on the front part of the latter
  • the lateral support of figures 1 to 3 is chosen partial, to allow maintenance in mechanical contact, and thus exploit the concept of anti-shock.
  • the shaft typically a balance shaft
  • the disadvantage of the side version is increased friction (on the shaft radius and not on a reduced friction radius). This friction can nevertheless be exploited to dissipate energy, typically to dampen the floating of a needle.
  • a watch subassembly 200 for a watch comprises a main structure 100 and a shaft 10.
  • This shaft 10 is movable in pivoting around a pivot axis DA, in at least one housing 14, 15, of this main structure 100.
  • This shaft 10 comprises at least one surface 16, 18, 21, 22, which is made of a magnetized or magnetically conductive material, or respectively of an electrified or electrostatically conductive material.
  • magnetized or magnetically conductive material or respectively of an electrified or electrostatically conductive material.
  • magnetic conductor a ferromagnetic or diamagnetic or paramagnetic material.
  • the main structure 100 comprising at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, which is arranged to create, near at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22, at least a magnetic field, or respectively an electrostatic field, for maintaining the shaft 10 axially and/or radially relative to the pivot axis DA.
  • this field is substantially of revolution around the pivot axis DA.
  • the main structure 100 comprises at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, arranged to create, near at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22, in addition to the field intended for maintaining axial of the shaft 10, at least one magnetic field, or respectively an electrostatic field, for radial support of this shaft 10.
  • this field ensures both axial and radial maintenance of the shaft 10.
  • At least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32 is arranged to cooperate in axial and/or radial attraction or repulsion, along the pivot axis DA, with at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22, to absorb a shock and return the shaft 10 to the service position after the cessation of this shock.
  • At least one such polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32 is arranged to cooperate in axial attraction or repulsion, along the pivot axis DA, with at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22, for maintain the shaft 10 in an axial service position, in the absence of impact or external disturbance.
  • At least two polar masses 11, 12, 31, 32 cooperate, in geometric opposition, with at least two corresponding surfaces 16, 18, 21, 22, to exert opposite and equal axial forces on the shaft 10. .
  • all the surfaces of the shaft 10 do not necessarily have to cooperate with all of the polar masses of the main structure 100: in fact, the relative cooperation between certain surfaces and certain polar masses only exists in certain relative axial positions of the shaft 10 relative to the main structure 100.
  • both the shaft 10 and the main structure 100 may include fields generating zones, and/or passive zones reacting to a magnetic and/or electrostatic field.
  • the axial component, along the pivot axis DA, of the resulting magnetic field, ensuring anti-shock axial attraction or repulsion preferably has an intensity greater than 0.55 Tesla, for the case of a steel shaft with a mass of 60 mg.
  • the electrostatic application requires fields which limit its application to trees of very small mass, well below 60 mg, and in particular less than 10 mg.
  • At least one magnetic field tends to attract or repel radially the shaft 10 at a distance from the walls of the housing 14, 15, and to align this shaft 10 on the axis of DA pivoting. More particularly, at least one of these polar masses 11, 12, 31, 32 is arranged to create such a field, near at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22.
  • At least one magnetic field tends to attract the shaft 10 radially towards a wall of a housing 14, 15. More particularly, at least one of these polar masses 11, 12, 31, 32, is arranged to create such a field, near at least one such surface 16, 18, 21, 22.
  • the shaft 10 is braked axially along the pivot axis DA only by a magnetic potential, respectively electrostatic, varying along the pivot axis DA and creating a resistive force resulting from the cooperation in attraction or repulsion between at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, and at least one surface 16, 18, 21, 22.
  • the profile of this potential is such that this resistive force is continuously increasing or decreasing during the stroke of the shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA.
  • the shaft 10 is braked axially along the pivot axis DA only by this profile of potential which forms at least one magnetic field barrier, respectively electrostatic, resulting from the cooperation in attraction or repulsion between at least one polar mass 11, 12, 31, 32, and at least one said surface 16, 18, 21, 22.
  • This barrier forms a virtual annular notch, arranged to brake or stop the travel of the shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA. The passage of such a barrier absorbs part of the kinetic energy of the shaft 10 during an impact.
  • this energy is restored if the barrier forms a peak of potential between an increasing ramp and a decreasing ramp of potential, or accumulated if the potential profile is stepped, or even sawtooth, with levels each limited by such a potential barrier.
  • the shaft 10 is braked axially along the pivot axis DA only by a plurality of such barriers, the passage of each of which absorbs part of the kinetic energy of a shock, each barrier thus constituting the limit of 'a level of potential.
  • these barriers are successive and have, along the pivot axis DA, magnetic field intensities, respectively electrostatic, which are increasing, from a service position of the shaft 10, towards a mechanical stop which the main structure 100, forming a limit switch of the relevant end of the shaft 10.
  • this mechanical stop is paired with a magnetic stop, or itself constitutes a magnetic stop.
  • the shaft 10 is cylindrical
  • At least one housing 14, 15 of the main structure 100 is cylindrical. More particularly, the main structure 100 includes a single bore for housing the shaft 10.
  • the main structure 100 comprises a lateral cutout 19 extending parallel to the pivot axis DA, and dimensioned to allow lateral insertion and extraction of the shaft 10.
  • the main structure 100 includes an end cutout 190 dimensioned to allow the insertion and extraction of the shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA.
  • the main structure 100 comprises a first structure 11 comprising at least a first housing 14.
  • the shaft 10 is movable in pivoting at least in this first housing 14.
  • This first structure 11 creates, in this first housing 14, such a magnetic field, or respectively such an electrostatic field, substantially of revolution around the pivot axis DA, to subject the shaft 10 to a force tending to align this shaft 10 along the pivot axis DA.
  • the main structure 100 comprises, in a second housing 15 arranged at the level of the first structure 11 or a second structure 12 that the main structure 100 comprises, a magnetized, or respectively electrified, limitation surface 120, arranged to attract or repel axially along the pivot axis DA a front surface 18 magnetized, or respectively electrified, which the shaft 10 comprises.
  • the intensity of the magnetic field, between the front surface 18 and the limiting surface 120 is greater at 0.55 Tesla, for a steel shaft with a mass of 60 mg.
  • this at least one front surface 18 is of revolution around a shaft axis AA of the shaft 10 which is aligned with the pivot axis DA, when the shaft 10 is in the first housing 14.
  • the shaft 10 comprises two such front surfaces 18 opposed to each other, and the watch sub-assembly 200 comprises two so-called limiting surfaces 120, each arranged to attract or repel such a front surface 18.
  • the shaft 10 comprises at least one such frontal surface 18 at a distal end along a shaft axis AA of the shaft 10 which is aligned with the pivot axis DA when the shaft 10 is in the first accommodation 14.
  • the shaft 10 comprises such a frontal surface 18 at each of its distal ends along this shaft axis AA.
  • the shaft 10 comprises at least a first upper bearing surface 16, housed in the first housing 14, and comprising at least superficially a magnetized or ferromagnetic material, or respectively comprising at least superficially an electrostatic conductive material.
  • This at least one first upper bearing 16 is subjected, in this first housing 14, to the magnetic field, or respectively electrostatic field, generated by the first structure 11.
  • the shaft 10 comprises at least a second lower bearing 17 housed in a second housing 15 which the structure 11 comprises or which a third structure 13 of the watch sub-assembly 200 comprises, this second housing 15 constituting a stop, in particular a radial one.
  • the second housing 15 surrounds a second structure 12 comprising such a limiting surface 120.
  • the shaft 10 is of revolution around a shaft axis AA of the shaft 10 which is aligned with the pivot axis DA when the shaft 10 is in the first housing 14.
  • the shaft 10 comprises at least a first upper cylindrical surface 16 which cooperates with a rotating bore constituting the first housing 14.
  • the invention also relates to a movement 500 comprising at least one such watch sub-assembly 200.
  • the invention also relates to a watch 1000 comprising at least one such watch sub-assembly 200.
  • the structure is made of ceramic, and comprises, at least in the vicinity of the surface of at least one housing 3, an inlay of magnets and/or electrets, and/or magnetizable ferromagnetic particles.
  • housing 3 is smooth.
  • structure 1 comprises or constitutes ferromagnetic shielding.
  • the fine position of the component is therefore not known precisely over time, and it is possible, and even inevitable, that the latter oscillates around an equilibrium position, generating friction where there is mechanical contact, and causing operating problems if the amplitude of the oscillation is too great.
  • the magnetic force is, in most applications, used to press the shaft with a certain pre-tensioning force against a mechanical stop. In normal operation, the component is therefore in a constant mechanically fixed position.
  • the dissipation of shock energy is not optimal with a magnetic system, which is highly conservative, and which forces the use of stops mechanical.
  • the recentering (radial for example in the case of the Figure 9 ) is a side effect of the (axial) anti-shock system.
  • THE figures 10 and 11 present variants of the claimed invention, where the different magnetic fields present are not coaxial, and the interactions between components can be in particular oblique.
  • the main advantage of the magnetic anti-shock for a shaft is the dependence of the restoring force as a function of the movement of the shaft, in the axial direction for example.
  • a pre-stressing force, or a contact maintenance force in the case of the magnetic shock absorber forces the component not to move during small shocks.
  • the restoring force of a traditional shock absorber increases with the distance from the component, due to the loading of the spring, while that of a magnetic shock absorber decreases with the distance from the component.
  • This characteristic makes it possible to truly decouple two different regimes: one where the shocks have low amplitudes, and the second with larger shock amplitudes, with a shock threshold value from which the energy is mechanically stored or dissipated. , by a stop for example.
  • the magnetic variant of watchmaking works correctly with an axial field of 0.55 Tesla.
  • a particular embodiment concerns a steel shaft with a mass of 60 mg, held in contact by a magnet, in attraction, and with a axial field of 0.55 Tesla, the shaft has a diameter (for the part close to the magnet) of 0.15 mm, with NeFeB magnets having a remanence of 1.47 T, and is plated with sufficient holding force to resist shocks with accelerations below 75 g if the magnet has a height of 0.8 mm and a radius of 0.45 mm; the calculation takes into account the presence of a tribological layer with a thickness of 60 ⁇ m between the shaft and the magnet.
  • a typical variation in magnetic potential between the mechanical stop and the contact in the operating position is 6 ⁇ J for 0.1 mm of displacement, particularly in the case of this example. With a variation twice as large (0.12 J/m), we can for example achieve two potential levels, which occur during two different shock regimes (0-100 g and 100-200 g).
  • Friction can therefore be used to dissipate the energy of the floating of a mobile such as a needle.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Micromachines (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Uhrenuntereinheit (200) für eine Uhr, mit einer Hauptstruktur (100) und einer mobilen Welle (10), die in mindestens einer Aufnahme (14; 15) der Hauptstruktur (100) um eine Schwenkachse (DA) schwenkbar ist, wobei die Welle (10) mindestens eine Oberfläche (16; 21, 22) aus einem magnetisierten oder magnetisch leitenden Material bzw. aus einem elektrisierten oder elektrostatisch leitenden Material aufweist, und die Hauptstruktur mindestens eine Polmasse (11; 31, 32) aus einem magnetisierten oder magnetisch leitenden Material bzw. aus einem elektrisierten oder elektrostatisch leitenden Material, wobei die mindestens eine Oberfläche oder die mindestens eine Polmasse ein magnetisiertes Material bzw. ein elektrisiertes Material aufweist, das so angeordnet ist, dass es ein magnetisches Feld bzw. ein elektrostatisches Feld für ein axiales und radiales Halten der Welle (10) erzeugt, wobei die mindestens eine Polmasse (11; 31, 32) so angeordnet ist, dass sie in axialer und radialer Anziehung oder Abstoßung entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) mit mindestens einer der Oberflächen (16; 21, 22) zusammenwirkt, um einen Stoß zu absorbieren und die Welle (10) nach Beendigung des Stoßes in die Betriebsposition zurückzubringen; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die mindestens eine Oberfläche (16; 21, 22) und/oder die mindestens eine Polmasse (11; 21, 22) und/oder die mindestens eine Polmasse (11; 31, 32) eine Abfolge von magnetisierten bzw. elektrisierten Bereichen mit entgegengesetzten Polaritäten aufweist und/oder die mindestens eine Oberfläche oder die mindestens eine Polmasse eine Abfolge von diamagnetischen und paramagnetischen / ferromagnetischen Bereichen aufweist, so dass die Welle (10) axial entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) durch ein magnetisches bzw. elektrostatisches Potenzial gebremst wird, das sich entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) ändert und eine Widerstandskraft erzeugt, die aus einem Zusammenwirken in Anziehung und Abstoßung zwischen der mindestens einen Polmasse (11; 31, 32) und der mindestens einen Oberfläche (16; 21, 22) entsteht.
  2. Uhrenuntereinheit (200) nach Anspruch 1, wobei das mindestens eine Magnetfeld die Anziehung und Abstoßung der Welle (10) in axialer Richtung gewährleistet und im Wesentlichen um die Schwenkachse (DA) drehbar ist.
  3. Uhrenuntereinheit (200) nach Anspruch 2, wobei die Welle aus Stahl besteht und ihre Masse 60 mg beträgt und wobei die axiale Komponente des mindestens einen Magnetfeldes entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) eine Stärke von mehr als 0,55 Tesla aufweist.
  4. Uhrenuntereinheit (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Welle (10) axial entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) durch ein Profil des Potenzials gebremst wird, wobei das Profil mindestens eine Barriere für ein magnetisches bzw. elektrostatisches Feld bildet, wobei die Barriere eine virtuelle ringförmige Kerbe bildet, die so angeordnet ist, dass sie den Lauf der Welle entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) bremst oder stoppt.
  5. Uhrenuntereinheit (200) nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Welle (10) axial entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) nur durch eine Vielzahl von sogenannten Barrieren gebremst wird, deren Durchgang durch jede einen Teil der kinetischen Energie eines Stoßes absorbiert, wobei jede sogenannte Barriere die Grenze einer Potentialstufe bildet.
  6. Uhrenuntereinheit (200) nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, wobei die Barrieren aufeinander folgen und entlang der Schwenkachse (DA) magnetische bzw. elektrostatische Feldstärken aufweisen, die von einer Betriebsposition der Welle (10) zu einem mechanischen oder magnetischen Anschlag, den die Hauptstruktur (100) aufweist, ansteigen.
  7. Uhrenunterbaugruppe (200) nach Anspruch 6, wobei der Anschlag mechanisch ist und mit einem magnetischen Anschlag gepaart ist.
  8. Uhr (1000) mit mindestens einer Uhrenunterbaugruppe (200) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7.
EP16714904.6A 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks Active EP3283926B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP15163809.5A EP3081997A1 (de) 2015-04-16 2015-04-16 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks
PCT/EP2016/057582 WO2016166006A1 (fr) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Antichoc magnétique pour arbre d'horlogerie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3283926A1 EP3283926A1 (de) 2018-02-21
EP3283926B1 true EP3283926B1 (de) 2024-06-26

Family

ID=52875053

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15163809.5A Withdrawn EP3081997A1 (de) 2015-04-16 2015-04-16 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks
EP16714904.6A Active EP3283926B1 (de) 2015-04-16 2016-04-07 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15163809.5A Withdrawn EP3081997A1 (de) 2015-04-16 2015-04-16 Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10474107B2 (de)
EP (2) EP3081997A1 (de)
JP (1) JP6484723B2 (de)
CN (1) CN107430382B (de)
WO (1) WO2016166006A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3246764B1 (de) * 2016-05-18 2019-01-23 Montres Breguet S.A. Stossdämpfende vorrichtung für uhrwerk
EP3489767A1 (de) * 2017-11-27 2019-05-29 Montres Breguet S.A. Magnetische zentrierungsvorrichtung einer welle in einem uhrwerk
USD881058S1 (en) * 2018-03-05 2020-04-14 Montres Breguet S.A. Escapement wheel
EP3671369B1 (de) * 2018-12-18 2022-08-17 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Vorrichtung zur geometrischen kontrolle für uhrenräder einer uhr
EP3719583B1 (de) * 2019-04-03 2021-11-10 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Mechanische bremsvorrichtung für triebfeder einer uhr
CH719998A1 (fr) * 2022-08-30 2024-03-15 Richemont Int Sa Ensemble horloger comprenant un mobile suspendu magnétiquement.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014117891A2 (fr) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Montres Breguet Sa Pivotement magnetique ou electrostatique de mobile d'horlogerie

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1314364A (fr) * 1960-06-15 1963-01-11 Nouvelle combinaison d'aimants pour suspension d'axe conjointement avec l'entretien d'un mouvement d'horlogerie électrique
JPS5659027A (en) 1979-10-19 1981-05-22 Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd Magnetic bearing
US6153958A (en) * 1994-05-23 2000-11-28 The University Of Chicago Bearing design for flywheel energy storage using high-TC superconductors
US5506459A (en) * 1995-09-15 1996-04-09 Ritts; Gary Magnetically balanced spinning apparatus
US6231011B1 (en) * 1998-11-02 2001-05-15 University Of Houston System Satellite angular momentum control system using magnet-superconductor flywheels
DE10062065A1 (de) 2000-12-13 2002-03-28 Siemens Ag Magnetische Lagereinrichtung
ES2398835B1 (es) 2010-02-02 2013-11-11 Ramón FERREIRO GARCÍA Cojinete magnético pasivo de repulsión inversa.
EP2450759B1 (de) * 2010-11-09 2020-08-12 Montres Breguet SA Magnetstosssicherung
EP2450758B1 (de) * 2010-11-09 2017-01-04 Montres Breguet SA Magnetischer Drehzapfen und elektrostatischer Dhrerzapfen
US9371856B2 (en) * 2012-08-03 2016-06-21 Stephen Kundel Non-contact thrust bearing using permanent magnets

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014117891A2 (fr) * 2013-02-04 2014-08-07 Montres Breguet Sa Pivotement magnetique ou electrostatique de mobile d'horlogerie

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6484723B2 (ja) 2019-03-13
CN107430382B (zh) 2020-04-14
US10474107B2 (en) 2019-11-12
JP2018508024A (ja) 2018-03-22
US20180136608A1 (en) 2018-05-17
CN107430382A (zh) 2017-12-01
WO2016166006A1 (fr) 2016-10-20
EP3081997A1 (de) 2016-10-19
EP3283926A1 (de) 2018-02-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3283926B1 (de) Magnetische stossdämpfung für welle eines uhrwerks
EP2638437B1 (de) Magnetischer und/oder elektrostatischer stossdämpfer
EP2638436B1 (de) Magnetisches drehlager
EP2976685B1 (de) Magnetische oder elektrostatische drehung eines drehbaren bauteils einer uhr
EP3246764B1 (de) Stossdämpfende vorrichtung für uhrwerk
CH713166B1 (fr) Protection des lames d'un résonateur de montre mécanique en cas de choc.
WO2015096973A2 (fr) Mecanisme d'echappement a cylindre d'horlogerie sans contact
EP3106933A1 (de) Magnetischer schwenkeinrichtung einer welle in einem uhrwerk
EP2948820B1 (de) Führungsvorrichtung für uhrwerkswelle
CH698675B1 (fr) Palier amortisseur de chocs pour pièce d'horlogerie.
CH710978B1 (fr) Ensemble horloger à effet antichoc magnétique ou électrostatique.
CH710769B1 (fr) Maintien magnétique d'un composant d'habillage ou de mouvement d'horlogerie.
EP2998799A1 (de) Kontaktlose Rastung
EP2650735A2 (de) Aufzugsvorrichtung für Armbanduhr mit Selbstaufzug
EP3489768B1 (de) Magnetische zentriervorrichtung einer welle in einem uhrwerk
CH704068A2 (fr) Dispositif magnétique de guidage en pivotement d'un composant horloger.
CH710128B1 (fr) Mécanisme d'horlogerie comportant un crantage sans contact entre deux composants.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20171116

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SARCHI, DAVIDE

Inventor name: ROCHAT, JEAN-PHILIPPE

Inventor name: LEGERET, BENOIT

Inventor name: KARAPATIS, POLYCHRONIS NAKIS

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20210825

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230611

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20240411

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP