EP3280603A1 - Hybrid drive and operating method for a hybrid drive - Google Patents

Hybrid drive and operating method for a hybrid drive

Info

Publication number
EP3280603A1
EP3280603A1 EP16714762.8A EP16714762A EP3280603A1 EP 3280603 A1 EP3280603 A1 EP 3280603A1 EP 16714762 A EP16714762 A EP 16714762A EP 3280603 A1 EP3280603 A1 EP 3280603A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric machine
internal combustion
combustion engine
output shaft
hybrid drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16714762.8A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank Vollmer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of EP3280603A1 publication Critical patent/EP3280603A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K2006/381—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches characterized by driveline brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4833—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range
    • B60K2006/4841—Step up or reduction gearing driving generator, e.g. to operate generator in most efficient speed range the gear provides shifting between multiple ratios
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/92—Hybrid vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/70—Gearings
    • B60Y2400/73—Planetary gearings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/909—Gearing
    • Y10S903/91—Orbital, e.g. planetary gears
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S903/00—Hybrid electric vehicles, HEVS
    • Y10S903/902—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors
    • Y10S903/903—Prime movers comprising electrical and internal combustion motors having energy storing means, e.g. battery, capacitor
    • Y10S903/904—Component specially adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/915—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev
    • Y10S903/917—Specific drive or transmission adapted for hev with transmission for changing gear ratio
    • Y10S903/919—Stepped shift

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hybrid drive for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and an output shaft, wherein the hybrid drive is designed as a parallel hybrid and has at least one operating state in which both the internal combustion engine and the electric machine is coupled to the output shaft.
  • Such a hybrid drive can be configured, for example, in a P2 arrangement, in which case the electric machine is arranged between the internal combustion engine and the transmission.
  • the coupling or uncoupling of the internal combustion engine is carried out by pressing a switchable coupling.
  • the starting can be done in a vehicle equipped with such a hybrid motor vehicle both by means of the electric motor and by means of the internal combustion engine.
  • the transmission is usually designed as an automatic transmission with a comparatively large number of gears.
  • the automatic transmission may have eight gears, resulting in a high construction cost.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a hybrid drive, which is simpler in construction and causes lower production costs.
  • a switching element is arranged, either in a first switching position, in which the electric machine connected to the output shaft and the internal combustion engine is decoupled or is operable in a second switching position, in which both the electric machine and the internal combustion engine with the output shaft ver
  • CONFIRMATION COPY is bound, wherein between the electric machine and the output shaft, a different Ganganarra for the internal combustion engine and the electric machine enabling switchable transmission is arranged.
  • the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are each assigned different power flows.
  • the hybrid drive according to the invention has the advantage that in comparison to a conventional multi-stage automatic transmission only a simplified transmission is needed. In addition to the advantage of lower production costs, there is the further advantage that the switchable transmission requires less space.
  • the hybrid drive according to the invention makes it possible for the internal combustion engine and the electric machine to be assigned different numbers of speeds, wherein the internal combustion engine is preferably associated with a gear and the electric machine has a plurality of, preferably two or three, gears.
  • conventional hybrid drives are usually constructed so that the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are connected to each other via a common shaft, wherein z. B. the internal combustion engine can be selectively disconnected.
  • the starting of a motor vehicle which is equipped with the hybrid drive according to the invention, take place in the first gear, wherein the switching element is in the first switching position.
  • the internal combustion engine is decoupled.
  • the purely electric starting can be done both forward and backward.
  • the switching element can be moved to the second switching position at a certain time, so that the second gear of the transmission is switched for the electric machine.
  • the internal combustion engine is connected to the output shaft, so that both drives are turned on.
  • the hybrid drive according to the invention is set up to simultaneously change a gear of the transmission for the electric machine, to start or stop the internal combustion engine and to decouple the internal combustion engine.
  • the switching element thus combines or obtains a switching function and a coupling function.
  • the first switching position of the switching element of the first gear of the transmission and the second switching position of the switching element is associated with the second gear of the transmission, wherein the switching element is formed so that the corresponding gear is engaged in the switching of the switching element ,
  • the switching of the two gears thus takes place by actuating the switching element, while at the same time a brake is actuated (released).
  • the internal combustion engine is coupled or decoupled.
  • the electric machine is switched when switching the switching element from the first gear to the second gear or from the second gear to the first gear. In the coupled state, the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are synchronized with each other.
  • the transmission for the electric machine is designed as a planetary gear.
  • a planetary gear which preferably has two gears, that is, two different translations, requires only a small space.
  • the planetary gear is coupled in the block circulation with the second gear switched to the output shaft.
  • the internal combustion engine of the hybrid drive according to the invention is connected to a flywheel, in particular a dual-mass flywheel.
  • the flywheel acts as a damper, so that disturbances such. B. less impact speed fluctuations.
  • the output shaft has a separating element for selective coupling or decoupling of the planetary gear.
  • the separating element acts as a coupling, so that in certain operating situations, the drive can be completely disconnected.
  • the separating element may be formed, for example, as a friction clutch.
  • the hybrid drive it is very particularly preferred that it has a control or regulating device which is designed to actuate the switching element.
  • the control or regulating device is also designed to control or regulate the internal combustion engine and / or the electric machine, in particular it can be used to control or regulate the rotational speed of the two drives.
  • the invention relates to an operating method for a hybrid drive for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and an output shaft, wherein the hybrid drive is designed as a parallel hybrid and at least in an operating state is operated so that both the internal combustion engine and the electric machine with the output shaft is coupled.
  • the operating method according to the invention is characterized in that between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine, a switching element is arranged, which is connected either in a first switching position in which the electric machine in a first gear ratio with the output shaft and the internal combustion engine is decoupled or in a second Switching position is operated, in which both the electric machine and the internal combustion engine are connected to the output shaft, wherein between the electric machine and the output shaft, a different Ganganumble for the electric machine enabling switchable transmission is arranged.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a hybrid drive according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of an inventive
  • the hybrid drive 1 shown in FIG. 1 is intended for a motor vehicle and comprises an internal combustion engine 2 and an electric machine 3, which can be coupled to an output shaft 4.
  • the hybrid drive 1 is designed as a parallel hybrid and can be operated in an operating state in which both the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric machine 3 are coupled to the output shaft 4.
  • a switching element 5 is arranged, which has two different switching positions. In a first open switching position, the electric machine 3 coupled to the output shaft 4, while the internal combustion engine 2 is decoupled. In a second closed switching position of the switching element 5, with the brake 13, both the electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 is coupled to the output shaft 4.
  • the electric machine 3 is associated with a transmission designed as a planetary gear 6, which (only) has two gears, that is, two different ratios.
  • the planetary gear 6 has a lockable by means of a brake 13 ring gear 7.
  • the planetary gear 6 comprises a plurality of circumferentially distributed planetary gears 9, which are coupled in the first switching position of the switching element 5 via a Planetenziersteg with the output shaft 4.
  • the planetary gear 6 includes a sun gear 10, which is formed as the ring gear 7 and the planet gears 9 as a gear.
  • the planetary gear is operated in the second position of the switching element 5 in the block circulation.
  • the two shift positions correspond to two gears, that is a first gear with a first gear and a second gear with a second gear.
  • the first gear of the planetary gear 6 is inserted when switching the switching element 5 in the first switching position.
  • switching element 5 in the second switching position of the second gear of the planetary gear 9 is inserted.
  • the switching element 5 is designed so that it works non-positively in a switching operation and in this way the first gear or the second gear turns on.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 is decoupled.
  • the electric machine 3 is switched to the first gear. Accordingly, the starting takes place exclusively by means of the electric machine 3, while the internal combustion engine 2 is decoupled.
  • the brake 13 is closed and the ring gear 7 is stationary.
  • the planetary gear 6 is designed so that a short translation in the Be rich of the slip limit of the wheels is present. After reaching a fixed speed of the motor vehicle or upon reaching a specified speed of the output shaft 4, the switching element 5 can be actuated so that it is brought from the first switching position, which is selected for the starting operation, in the second switching position.
  • the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are operated in the second gear at a lower speed.
  • the internal combustion engine 2 is switched on.
  • the rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric machine 3 are adapted to each other via the switching element.
  • Fig. 1 it can be seen that the internal combustion engine 2 is assigned a designed as a dual mass flywheel flywheel 11, which serves to dampen vibrations.
  • a control or regulating device 12 is shown schematically, which can also be referred to as a controller and controls both the internal combustion engine 2, the electric machine 3 and the switching element 5 or controls.
  • the output torque resulting during the switching of the switching element can be regulated if necessary, so that the internal combustion engine 2 can be switched on and connected without jerking.
  • FIG. 2 is a second embodiment showing a hybrid drive 14 which is constructed substantially like the hybrid drive 1 shown in FIG. At a second explanation of matching components is therefore omitted here.
  • the hybrid drive 14 includes the internal combustion engine 2, the electric machine 3 and the switching element 5. In the first operating state, only the electric machine 3 is coupled to the output shaft 4. In the second operating state, both the electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 are coupled to the output shaft 4, wherein a change between the two operating states by an actuation of the switching element 5 and actuation or release of the brake 13 takes place.
  • the hybrid drive 14 has a separating element 15, with which the connection between the output shaft 4 and the electric machine 3 and optionally the internal combustion engine 2 can be selectively connected or disconnected.
  • the separating element 15 therefore serves as a coupling in order to selectively connect or disconnect the two drives of the hybrid drive 14 with the output shaft 4.
  • the separating element 15 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a friction clutch.
  • the two hybrid drives 1, 14 each require only a small space, since the two-speed planetary gear 6 has a compact design, due to the simple structure, the hybrid drives 1, 14 can be produced inexpensively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

A hybrid drive (1, 14) for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine (2), an electric machine (3) and an output shaft (4), wherein the hybrid drive (1, 14) is embodied as a parallel hybrid and has at least one operating state in which both the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3) are coupled to the output shaft (4), wherein a switching element (5) is arranged between the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3), which switching element (5) can be operated either in a first switched position, in which the electric machine (3) is connected to the output shaft (4) and the internal combustion engine (2) is disconnected, or in a second switched position in which both the electric machine (3) and the internal combustion engine (2) are connected to the output shaft (4), wherein a shiftable transmission permitting different numbers of gears for the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3) is arranged between the electric machine (3) and the output shaft (4).

Description

Hybridantrieb und Betriebsverfahren für einen Hybridantrieb  Hybrid drive and operating method for a hybrid drive
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hybridantrieb für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend eine Brennkraftmaschine, eine elektrische Maschine und eine Abtriebswelle, wobei der Hybridantrieb als Parallelhybrid ausgebildet ist und zumindest einen Betriebszustand aufweist, in dem sowohl die Brennkraftmaschine als auch die elektrische Maschine mit der Abtriebswelle gekoppelt ist. The invention relates to a hybrid drive for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and an output shaft, wherein the hybrid drive is designed as a parallel hybrid and has at least one operating state in which both the internal combustion engine and the electric machine is coupled to the output shaft.
Ein derartiger Hybridantrieb kann beispielsweise in einer P2-Anordnung konfiguriert sein, dabei ist die elektrische Maschine zwischen dem Verbrennungsmotor und dem Getriebe angeordnet. Das An- oder Abkoppeln des Verbrennungsmotors erfolgt durch Betätigen einer schaltbaren Kupplung. Das Anfahren kann bei einem mit einem derartigen Hybridantrieb ausgerüsteten Kraftfahrzeug sowohl mittels des Elektromotors als auch mittels der Brennkraftmaschine erfolgen. Bei herkömmlichen Hybridantrieben ist das Getriebe zumeist als Automatikgetriebe mit einer vergleichsweise großen Anzahl an Gängen ausgebildet. Beispielsweise kann das Automatikgetriebe acht Gänge aufweisen, wodurch sich ein hoher baulicher Aufwand ergibt. Such a hybrid drive can be configured, for example, in a P2 arrangement, in which case the electric machine is arranged between the internal combustion engine and the transmission. The coupling or uncoupling of the internal combustion engine is carried out by pressing a switchable coupling. The starting can be done in a vehicle equipped with such a hybrid motor vehicle both by means of the electric motor and by means of the internal combustion engine. In conventional hybrid drives, the transmission is usually designed as an automatic transmission with a comparatively large number of gears. For example, the automatic transmission may have eight gears, resulting in a high construction cost.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Hybridantrieb anzugeben, der einfacher aufgebaut ist und geringere Herstellungskosten verursacht. The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a hybrid drive, which is simpler in construction and causes lower production costs.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist bei einem Hybridantrieb der eingangs genannten Art erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, dass zwischen der Brenn kraftmaschi- ne und der elektrischen Maschine ein Schaltelement angeordnet ist, das entweder in einer ersten Schaltstellung, in der die elektrische Maschine mit der Abtriebswelle verbunden und die Brennkraftmaschine abgekoppelt ist oder in einer zweiten Schaltstellung betreibbar ist, in der sowohl die elektrische Maschine als auch die Brennkraftmaschine mit der Abtriebswelle ver-To achieve this object is provided according to the invention in a hybrid drive of the type mentioned that between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine, a switching element is arranged, either in a first switching position, in which the electric machine connected to the output shaft and the internal combustion engine is decoupled or is operable in a second switching position, in which both the electric machine and the internal combustion engine with the output shaft ver
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE bunden ist, wobei zwischen der elektrischen Maschine und der Abtriebswelle ein unterschiedliche Ganganzahlen für die Brennkraftmaschine und die elektrische Maschine ermöglichendes schaltbares Getriebe angeordnet ist. CONFIRMATION COPY is bound, wherein between the electric machine and the output shaft, a different Ganganzahlen for the internal combustion engine and the electric machine enabling switchable transmission is arranged.
Vorzugsweise sind der Brennkraftmaschine und der elektrischen Maschine jeweils unterschiedliche Leistungsflüsse zugeordnet. Der erfindungsgemäße Hybridantrieb weist den Vorteil auf, dass im Vergleich zu einem herkömmlichen mehrstufigen Automatikgetriebe lediglich ein vereinfachtes Getriebe benötigt wird. Neben dem Vorteil der geringeren Herstellungskosten ergibt sich der weitere Vorteil, dass das schaltbare Getriebe einen geringeren Bauraum benötigt. Der erfindungsgemäße Hybridantrieb ermöglicht, dass der Brennkraftmaschine und der elektrischen Maschine unterschiedliche Ganganzahlen zugeordnet sind, wobei der Brennkraftmaschine vorzugsweise ein Gang und der elektrischen Maschine mehrere, vorzugsweise zwei oder drei Gänge zugeordnet sind. Demgegenüber sind herkömmliche Hybridantriebe zumeist so aufgebaut, dass die Brennkraftmaschine und die elektrische Maschine über eine gemeinsame Welle miteinander verbunden sind, wobei z. B. die Brennkraftmaschine selektiv abgekoppelt werden kann. Preferably, the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are each assigned different power flows. The hybrid drive according to the invention has the advantage that in comparison to a conventional multi-stage automatic transmission only a simplified transmission is needed. In addition to the advantage of lower production costs, there is the further advantage that the switchable transmission requires less space. The hybrid drive according to the invention makes it possible for the internal combustion engine and the electric machine to be assigned different numbers of speeds, wherein the internal combustion engine is preferably associated with a gear and the electric machine has a plurality of, preferably two or three, gears. In contrast, conventional hybrid drives are usually constructed so that the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are connected to each other via a common shaft, wherein z. B. the internal combustion engine can be selectively disconnected.
Vorteilhafterweise kann das Anfahren eines Kraftfahrzeugs, das mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantrieb ausgerüstet ist, im ersten Gang erfolgen, wobei sich das Schaltelement in der ersten Schaltstellung befindet. In dieser Schaltstellung ist die Brennkraftmaschine abgekoppelt. Der rein elektrische Anfahrvorgang kann sowohl vorwärts als auch rückwärts erfolgen. Nach dem Anfahren im Vorwärtsgang kann zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt das Schaltelement in die zweite Schaltstellung bewegt werden, so dass der zweite Gang des Getriebes für die elektrische Maschine geschaltet wird. In diesem zweiten Gang ist neben der elektrischen Maschine auch die Brennkraftmaschine mit der Abtriebswelle verbunden, so dass beide Antriebe eingeschaltet sind. Advantageously, the starting of a motor vehicle, which is equipped with the hybrid drive according to the invention, take place in the first gear, wherein the switching element is in the first switching position. In this switching position, the internal combustion engine is decoupled. The purely electric starting can be done both forward and backward. After starting in forward gear, the switching element can be moved to the second switching position at a certain time, so that the second gear of the transmission is switched for the electric machine. In this second gear, in addition to the electric machine, the internal combustion engine is connected to the output shaft, so that both drives are turned on.
Das bedeutet, dass bei einem Schaltvorgang von der ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements in die zweite Schaltstellung des Schaltelements ein zweiter Gang des Getriebes für die elektrische Maschine schaltbar und gleichzeitig die Brennkraftmaschine zuschaltbar ist, sie wird gestartet. Entsprechend ist bei einem Schaltvorgang des Schaltelements von der zweiten Schaltstellung zurück in die erste Schaltstellung ein erster Gang des Getriebes für die elektrische Maschine schaltbar und gleichzeitig die Brennkraftmaschine abkoppelbar, sie wird ausgeschaltet. Somit ist der Hybridantrieb derart eingerichtet, dass die Brennkraftmaschine gleichzeitig mit einem Schaltvorgang von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung des Schaltelements gestartet und mit einem Schaltvorgang von der zweiten Schaltstellung in die erste Schaltstellung gestoppt wird. Demnach ist der erfindungsgemäße Hybridantrieb dazu eingerichtet, gleichzeitig einen Gang des Getriebes für die elektrische Maschine zu wechseln, die Verbrennungskraftmaschine zu starten oder zu stoppen und die Verbrennungskraftmaschine an- respektive abzukoppeln. Das Schaltelement kombiniert bzw. erwirkt folglich eine Schaltfunktion und eine Kupplungsfunktion. This means that in a switching operation of the first switching position of the switching element in the second switching position of the switching element, a second gear of the transmission for the electric machine switchable and at the same time the internal combustion engine is switchable, it is started. Accordingly, in a switching operation of the switching element from the second switching position back to the first switching position, a first gear of the transmission for the electric machine switchable and simultaneously the engine decoupled, it is turned off. Thus, the hybrid drive is set up so that the internal combustion engine is started simultaneously with a switching operation from the first switching position to the second switching position of the switching element and stopped with a switching operation from the second switching position to the first switching position. Accordingly, the hybrid drive according to the invention is set up to simultaneously change a gear of the transmission for the electric machine, to start or stop the internal combustion engine and to decouple the internal combustion engine. The switching element thus combines or obtains a switching function and a coupling function.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantrieb ist vorzugsweise vorgesehen, dass der ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements der erste Gang des Getriebes und der zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements der zweite Gang des Getriebes zugeordnet ist, wobei das Schaltelement so ausgebildet ist, dass der entsprechende Gang beim Schalten des Schaltelements eingelegt wird. Das Schalten der beiden Gänge erfolgt somit durch Betätigen des Schaltelements, während gleichzeitig eine Bremse betätigt (gelöst) wird. Bei einer Betätigung des Schaltelements wird die Brennkraftmaschine angekoppelt bzw. abgekoppelt. Die elektrische Maschine wird beim Schalten des Schaltelements vom ersten Gang in den zweiten Gang geschaltet bzw. vom zweiten Gang in den ersten Gang. Im gekoppelten Zustand sind die Brennkraftmaschine und die elektrische Maschine miteinander synchronisiert. In the hybrid drive according to the invention is preferably provided that the first switching position of the switching element of the first gear of the transmission and the second switching position of the switching element is associated with the second gear of the transmission, wherein the switching element is formed so that the corresponding gear is engaged in the switching of the switching element , The switching of the two gears thus takes place by actuating the switching element, while at the same time a brake is actuated (released). Upon actuation of the switching element, the internal combustion engine is coupled or decoupled. The electric machine is switched when switching the switching element from the first gear to the second gear or from the second gear to the first gear. In the coupled state, the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are synchronized with each other.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantrieb wird es besonders bevorzugt, dass das Getriebe für die elektrische Maschine als Planetengetriebe ausgebildet ist. Ein derartiges Planetengetriebe, das vorzugsweise zwei Gänge, das heißt zwei unterschiedliche Übersetzungen, aufweist, erfordert lediglich einen geringen Bauraum. Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantrieb kann es vorgesehen sein, dass das Planetengetriebe im Blockumlauf bei geschaltetem zweiten Gang mit der Abtriebswelle gekoppelt ist. In the hybrid drive according to the invention, it is particularly preferred that the transmission for the electric machine is designed as a planetary gear. Such a planetary gear, which preferably has two gears, that is, two different translations, requires only a small space. In the hybrid drive according to the invention, it may be provided that the planetary gear is coupled in the block circulation with the second gear switched to the output shaft.
Es liegt auch im Rahmen der Erfindung, dass die Brennkraftmaschine des erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantriebs mit einem Schwungrad, insbesondere einem Zweimassenschwungrad, verbunden ist. Das Schwungrad wirkt als Dämpfer, so dass sich Störungen wie z. B. Drehzahlschwankungen weniger stark auswirken. It is also within the scope of the invention that the internal combustion engine of the hybrid drive according to the invention is connected to a flywheel, in particular a dual-mass flywheel. The flywheel acts as a damper, so that disturbances such. B. less impact speed fluctuations.
Gemäß einer Weiterbildung des erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantriebs kann es vorgesehen sein, dass die Abtriebswelle ein Trennelement zum selektiven Ankoppeln oder Abkoppeln des Planetengetriebes aufweist. Das Trennelement wirkt als Kupplung, so dass in bestimmten Betriebssituationen der Antrieb vollkommen abgekuppelt werden kann. Das Trennelement kann beispielsweise als Reibungskupplung ausgebildet sein. According to one embodiment of the hybrid drive according to the invention, it may be provided that the output shaft has a separating element for selective coupling or decoupling of the planetary gear. The separating element acts as a coupling, so that in certain operating situations, the drive can be completely disconnected. The separating element may be formed, for example, as a friction clutch.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantrieb wird es ganz besonders bevorzugt, dass er eine Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinrichtung aufweist, die zum Betätigen des Schaltelements ausgebildet ist. Vorzugsweise ist die Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinrichtung auch dazu ausgebildet, die Brennkraftmaschine und/oder die elektrische Maschine zu steuern oder zu regeln, insbesondere kann sie zum Steuern oder Regeln der Drehzahl der beiden Antriebe eingesetzt werden. In the hybrid drive according to the invention, it is very particularly preferred that it has a control or regulating device which is designed to actuate the switching element. Preferably, the control or regulating device is also designed to control or regulate the internal combustion engine and / or the electric machine, in particular it can be used to control or regulate the rotational speed of the two drives.
Daneben betrifft die Erfindung ein Betriebsverfahren für einen Hybridantrieb für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend eine Brennkraftmaschine, eine elektrische Maschine und eine Abtriebswelle, wobei der Hybridantrieb als Parallelhybrid ausgebildet ist und zumindest in einem Betriebszustand so betrieben wird, dass sowohl die Brennkraftmaschine als auch die elektrische Maschine mit der Abtriebswelle gekoppelt ist. Das erfindungsgemäße Betriebsverfahren zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass zwischen der Brennkraftmaschine und der elektrischen Maschine ein Schaltelement angeordnet ist, das entweder in einer ersten Schaltstellung, in der die elektrische Maschine in einer ersten Übersetzungsstufe mit der Abtriebswelle verbunden und die Brennkraftmaschine abgekoppelt ist oder in einer zweiten Schaltstellung betrieben wird, in der sowohl die elektrische Maschine als auch die Brennkraftmaschine mit der Abtriebswelle verbunden sind, wobei zwischen der elektrischen Maschine und der Abtriebswelle ein unterschiedliche Ganganzahlen für die elektrische Maschine ermöglichendes schaltbares Getriebe angeordnet ist. In addition, the invention relates to an operating method for a hybrid drive for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine, an electric machine and an output shaft, wherein the hybrid drive is designed as a parallel hybrid and at least in an operating state is operated so that both the internal combustion engine and the electric machine with the output shaft is coupled. The operating method according to the invention is characterized in that between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine, a switching element is arranged, which is connected either in a first switching position in which the electric machine in a first gear ratio with the output shaft and the internal combustion engine is decoupled or in a second Switching position is operated, in which both the electric machine and the internal combustion engine are connected to the output shaft, wherein between the electric machine and the output shaft, a different Ganganzahlen for the electric machine enabling switchable transmission is arranged.
In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere Ausgestaltungen des Betriebsverfahrens beschrieben. In the subclaims further embodiments of the operating method are described.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen erläutert. Die Zeichnungen sind schematische Darstellungen und zeigen: The invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematic representations and show:
Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Hybridantriebs; und 1 shows a first embodiment of a hybrid drive according to the invention; and
Fig. 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of an inventive
Hybridantriebs.  Hybrid drive.
Der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Hybridantrieb 1 ist für ein Kraftfahrzeug vorgesehen und umfasst eine Brennkraftmaschine 2 und eine elektrische Maschine 3, die mit einer Abtriebswelle 4 koppelbar sind. Der Hybridantrieb 1 ist als Parallelhybrid ausgebildet und in einem Betriebszustand betreibbar, in dem sowohl die Brennkraftmaschine 2 als auch die elektrische Maschine 3 mit der Abtriebswelle 4 gekoppelt ist. The hybrid drive 1 shown in FIG. 1 is intended for a motor vehicle and comprises an internal combustion engine 2 and an electric machine 3, which can be coupled to an output shaft 4. The hybrid drive 1 is designed as a parallel hybrid and can be operated in an operating state in which both the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric machine 3 are coupled to the output shaft 4.
Zwischen der Brennkraftmaschine 2 und der elektrischen Maschine 3 ist ein Schaltelement 5 angeordnet, das zwei unterschiedliche Schaltstellungen aufweist. In einer ersten offenen Schaltstellung ist die elektrische Maschine 3 mit der Abtriebswelle 4 gekoppelt, während die Brennkraftmaschine 2 abgekoppelt ist. In einer zweiten geschlossenen Schaltstellung des Schaltelements 5, bei geschlossener Bremse 13, ist sowohl die elektrische Maschine 3 als auch die Brennkraftmaschine 2 mit der Abtriebswelle 4 gekoppelt. Between the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric machine 3, a switching element 5 is arranged, which has two different switching positions. In a first open switching position, the electric machine 3 coupled to the output shaft 4, while the internal combustion engine 2 is decoupled. In a second closed switching position of the switching element 5, with the brake 13, both the electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 is coupled to the output shaft 4.
Der elektrischen Maschine 3 ist ein als Planetengetriebe 6 ausgebildetes Getriebe zugeordnet, das (lediglich) zwei Gänge, das heißt zwei unterschiedliche Übersetzungen, aufweist. In der schematischen Ansicht von Fig. 1 erkennt man, dass das Planetengetriebe 6 ein mittels einer Bremse 13 feststellbares Hohlrad 7 aufweist. Das Planetengetriebe 6 umfasst mehrere über den Umfang verteilt angeordnete Planetenräder 9, die in der ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements 5 über einen Planetenrädersteg mit der Abtriebswelle 4 gekoppelt sind. The electric machine 3 is associated with a transmission designed as a planetary gear 6, which (only) has two gears, that is, two different ratios. In the schematic view of Fig. 1 it can be seen that the planetary gear 6 has a lockable by means of a brake 13 ring gear 7. The planetary gear 6 comprises a plurality of circumferentially distributed planetary gears 9, which are coupled in the first switching position of the switching element 5 via a Planetenrädersteg with the output shaft 4.
Zusätzlich umfasst das Planetengetriebe 6 ein Sonnenrad 10, das wie das Hohlrad 7 und die Planetenräder 9 als Zahnrad ausgebildet ist. Das Planetengetriebe wird in der zweiten Stellung des Schaltelements 5 im Blockumlauf betrieben. Die beiden Schaltstellungen entsprechen zwei Gängen, das heißt einem ersten Gang mit einer ersten Übersetzung und einem zweiten Gang mit einer zweiten Übersetzung. Bei dem Betriebsverfahren für den Hybridantrieb 1 wird beim Schalten des Schaltelements 5 in die erste Schaltstellung der erste Gang des Planetengetriebes 6 eingelegt. Beim Schalten des Schaltelements 5 in die zweite Schaltstellung wird der zweite Gang des Planetengetriebes 9 eingelegt. Das Schaltelement 5 ist so ausgebildet, dass es bei einem Schaltvorgang kraftschlüssig arbeitet und auf diese Weise den ersten Gang oder den zweiten Gang einschaltet. In addition, the planetary gear 6 includes a sun gear 10, which is formed as the ring gear 7 and the planet gears 9 as a gear. The planetary gear is operated in the second position of the switching element 5 in the block circulation. The two shift positions correspond to two gears, that is a first gear with a first gear and a second gear with a second gear. In the operating method for the hybrid drive 1, the first gear of the planetary gear 6 is inserted when switching the switching element 5 in the first switching position. When switching the switching element 5 in the second switching position of the second gear of the planetary gear 9 is inserted. The switching element 5 is designed so that it works non-positively in a switching operation and in this way the first gear or the second gear turns on.
Wenn der erste Gang eingeschaltet ist, das heißt wenn das Hohlrad 7 durch die Bremse 13 gebremst ist, ist die Brennkraftmaschine 2 abgekoppelt. Zum Anfahren des Fahrzeugs wird die elektrische Maschine 3 in den ersten Gang geschaltet. Dementsprechend erfolgt das Anfahren ausschließlich mittels der elektrischen Maschine 3, während die Brennkraftmaschine 2 abgekoppelt ist. Die Bremse 13 ist dabei geschlossen und das Hohlrad 7 steht. Das Planetengetriebe 6 ist dabei so ausgelegt, dass eine kurze Übersetzung im Be- reich der Schlupfgrenze der Räder vorhanden ist. Nach dem Erreichen einer festgelegten Geschwindigkeit des Kraftfahrzeugs bzw. beim Erreichen einer festgelegten Drehzahl der Abtriebswelle 4 kann das Schaltelement 5 betätigt werden, so dass es von der ersten Schaltstellung, die für den Anfahrvorgang gewählt wird, in die zweite Schaltstellung gebracht wird. In der zweiten Schaltstellung werden die Verbrennungskraftmaschine und die elektrische Maschine in dem zweiten Gang mit geringerer Drehzahl betrieben. Gleichzeitig wird dabei die Brennkraftmaschine 2 zugeschaltet. Zum Zeitpunkt des Schaltvorgangs werden die Drehzahlen der Brennkraftmaschine 2 und der elektrischen Maschine 3 über das Schaltelement aneinander angepasst. When the first gear is turned on, that is, when the ring gear 7 is braked by the brake 13, the internal combustion engine 2 is decoupled. To start the vehicle, the electric machine 3 is switched to the first gear. Accordingly, the starting takes place exclusively by means of the electric machine 3, while the internal combustion engine 2 is decoupled. The brake 13 is closed and the ring gear 7 is stationary. The planetary gear 6 is designed so that a short translation in the Be rich of the slip limit of the wheels is present. After reaching a fixed speed of the motor vehicle or upon reaching a specified speed of the output shaft 4, the switching element 5 can be actuated so that it is brought from the first switching position, which is selected for the starting operation, in the second switching position. In the second shift position, the internal combustion engine and the electric machine are operated in the second gear at a lower speed. At the same time while the internal combustion engine 2 is switched on. At the time of the switching operation, the rotational speeds of the internal combustion engine 2 and the electric machine 3 are adapted to each other via the switching element.
In Fig. 1 erkennt man, dass der Brennkraftmaschine 2 ein als Zweimassenschwungrad 11 ausgebildetes Schwungrad zugeordnet ist, das der Dämpfung von Schwingungen dient. In Fig. 1 ist schematisch eine Steuerungsoder Regelungseinrichtung 12 dargestellt, die auch als Controller bezeichnet werden kann und die sowohl die Brennkraftmaschine 2, die elektrische Maschine 3 als auch das Schaltelement 5 steuert oder regelt. Mittels der schematisch dargestellten Bremse 13 kann das beim Schalten des Schaltelements resultierende Abtriebsmoment bei Bedarf geregelt werden, so dass die Brennkraftmaschine 2 ruckfrei zugeschaltet und angekoppelt werden kann. In Fig. 1 it can be seen that the internal combustion engine 2 is assigned a designed as a dual mass flywheel flywheel 11, which serves to dampen vibrations. In Fig. 1, a control or regulating device 12 is shown schematically, which can also be referred to as a controller and controls both the internal combustion engine 2, the electric machine 3 and the switching element 5 or controls. By means of the schematically illustrated brake 13, the output torque resulting during the switching of the switching element can be regulated if necessary, so that the internal combustion engine 2 can be switched on and connected without jerking.
Fig. 2 ist ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel und zeigt einen Hybridantrieb 14, der im Wesentlichen wie der in Fig. 1 gezeigte Hybridantrieb 1 aufgebaut ist. Auf eine nochmalige Erläuterung übereinstimmender Komponenten wird daher an dieser Stelle verzichtet. Der Hybridantrieb 14 umfasst die Brennkraftmaschine 2, die elektrische Maschine 3 und das Schaltelement 5. In dem ersten Betriebszustand ist lediglich die elektrische Maschine 3 mit der Abtriebswelle 4 gekoppelt. In dem zweiten Betriebszustand ist sowohl die elektrische Maschine 3 als auch die Brennkraftmaschine 2 mit der Abtriebswelle 4 gekoppelt, wobei ein Wechsel zwischen den beiden Betriebszuständen durch eine Betätigung des Schaltelements 5 und Betätigen bzw. Lösen der Bremse 13 erfolgt. o FIG. 2 is a second embodiment showing a hybrid drive 14 which is constructed substantially like the hybrid drive 1 shown in FIG. At a second explanation of matching components is therefore omitted here. The hybrid drive 14 includes the internal combustion engine 2, the electric machine 3 and the switching element 5. In the first operating state, only the electric machine 3 is coupled to the output shaft 4. In the second operating state, both the electric machine 3 and the internal combustion engine 2 are coupled to the output shaft 4, wherein a change between the two operating states by an actuation of the switching element 5 and actuation or release of the brake 13 takes place. O
Im Gegensatz zu dem Hybridantrieb 1 weist der Hybridantrieb 14 ein Trennelement 15 auf, mit dem die Verbindung zwischen der Abtriebswelle 4 und der elektrischen Maschine 3 und gegebenenfalls der Brennkraftmaschine 2 selektiv an- oder abgekoppelt werden kann. Das Trennelement 15 dient daher als Kupplung, um die beiden Antriebe des Hybridantriebs 14 selektiv mit der Abtriebswelle 4 zu verbinden oder zu trennen. Das Trennelement 15 ist in dem dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel als Reibungskupplung ausgebildet.  In contrast to the hybrid drive 1, the hybrid drive 14 has a separating element 15, with which the connection between the output shaft 4 and the electric machine 3 and optionally the internal combustion engine 2 can be selectively connected or disconnected. The separating element 15 therefore serves as a coupling in order to selectively connect or disconnect the two drives of the hybrid drive 14 with the output shaft 4. The separating element 15 is formed in the illustrated embodiment as a friction clutch.
Die beiden Hybridantriebe 1 , 14 erfordern jeweils lediglich einen geringen Bauraum, da das zwei Gänge aufweisende Planetengetriebe 6 kompakt aufgebaut ist, aufgrund des einfachen Aufbaus können die Hybridantriebe 1 , 14 kostengünstig hergestellt werden. The two hybrid drives 1, 14 each require only a small space, since the two-speed planetary gear 6 has a compact design, due to the simple structure, the hybrid drives 1, 14 can be produced inexpensively.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT APPLICATIONS
1. Hybridantrieb (1 , 14) für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend eine Brennkraftmaschine (2), eine elektrische Maschine (3) und eine Abtriebswelle (4), wobei der Hybridantrieb (1 , 14) als Parallelhybrid ausgebildet ist und zumindest einen Betriebszustand aufweist, in dem sowohl die Brennkraftmaschine (2) als auch die elektrische Maschine (3) mit der Abtriebswelle (4) gekoppelt ist, 1. Hybrid drive (1, 14) for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine (2), an electric machine (3) and an output shaft (4), wherein the hybrid drive (1, 14) is designed as a parallel hybrid and has at least one operating state, in which both the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3) are coupled to the output shaft (4),
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass zwischen der Brennkraftmaschine (2) und der elektrischen Maschine (3) ein Schaltelement (5) angeordnet ist, das entweder in einer ersten Schaltstellung, in der die elektrische Maschine (3) mit der Abtriebswelle (4) verbunden und die Brennkraftmaschine (2) abgekoppelt ist oder in einer zweiten Schaltstellung betreibbar ist, in der sowohl die elektrische Maschine (3) als auch die Brennkraftmaschine (2) mit der Abtriebswelle (4) verbunden ist, wobei zwischen der elektrischen Maschine (3) und der Abtriebswelle (4) ein unterschiedliche Ganganzahlen für die Brennkraftmaschine (2) und die elektrische Maschine (3) ermöglichendes schaltbares Getriebe angeordnet ist.  in that a switching element (5) is arranged between the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3), which is connected either in a first switching position in which the electric machine (3) is connected to the output shaft (4) and the internal combustion engine (2). is decoupled or is operable in a second switching position, in which both the electric machine (3) and the internal combustion engine (2) with the output shaft (4) is connected, wherein between the electric machine (3) and the output shaft (4) a different numbers of gears for the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3) enabling the switchable transmission is arranged.
2. Hybridantrieb nach Anspruch 1 , 2. Hybrid drive according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das Getriebe so ausgebildet ist, dass die Brennkraftmaschine (2) in einem Gang und die elektrische Maschine (3) in zwei oder drei Gängen betreibbar ist.  the transmission is designed so that the internal combustion engine (2) can be operated in one gear and the electric machine (3) can be operated in two or three gears.
3. Hybridantrieb nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. Hybrid drive according to claim 1 or 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass der ersten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements (5) der erste Gang des Getriebes und der zweiten Schaltstellung des Schaltelements (5) der zweite Gang des Getriebes zugeordnet ist, wobei das Schaltelement (5) so ausgebildet ist, dass der entsprechende Gang beim Schal- ten des Schaltelements (5) bei aktivierter oder deaktivierter Bremse (13) einlegbar ist. in that the first shift position of the shift element (5) is associated with the first gear of the transmission and the second shift position of the shift element (5) with the second gear of the transmission, wherein the shift element (5) is designed so that the corresponding gear is engaged in shifting th of the switching element (5) when activated or deactivated brake (13) can be inserted.
4. Hybridantrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 4. Hybrid drive according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das Getriebe als Planetengetriebe (6) ausgebildet ist.  that the transmission is designed as a planetary gear (6).
5. Hybridantrieb nach Anspruch 4, 5. Hybrid drive according to claim 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das Planetengetriebes (6) im Blockumlauf bei geschaltetem zweiten Gang mit der Abtriebswelle (4) gekoppelt ist.  that the planetary gear (6) is coupled to the output shaft (4) in the block revolution with the second gear switched.
6. Hybridantrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 6. Hybrid drive according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass die Abtriebswelle (4) ein Trennelement (15) zum selektiven Ankoppeln oder Abkoppeln des Planetengetriebes (6) aufweist.  the output shaft (4) has a separating element (15) for selectively coupling or uncoupling the planetary gear (6).
7. Hybridantrieb nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 7. Hybrid drive according to one of the preceding claims,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass er eine Steuerungs- oder Regelungseinrichtung (12) aufweist, die zum Betätigen des Schaltelements (5) und vorzugsweise zum Betätigen einer Bremse (13) ausgebildet ist.  in that it has a control or regulating device (12) which is designed to actuate the switching element (5) and preferably to actuate a brake (13).
8. Betriebsverfahren für einen Hybridantrieb (1 , 14) für ein Kraftfahrzeug, umfassend eine Brennkraftmaschine (2), eine elektrische Maschine (3) und eine Abtriebswelle (4), wobei der Hybridantrieb (1 , 14) als Parallelhybrid ausgebildet ist und zumindest in einem Betriebszustand so betrieben wird, dass sowohl die Brennkraftmaschine (2) als auch die elektrische Maschine (3) mit der Abtriebswelle (4) gekoppelt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, 8. Operating method for a hybrid drive (1, 14) for a motor vehicle, comprising an internal combustion engine (2), an electric machine (3) and an output shaft (4), wherein the hybrid drive (1, 14) is designed as a parallel hybrid and at least in an operating state is operated so that both the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3) with the output shaft (4) is coupled, characterized
dass zwischen der Brennkraftmaschine (2) und der elektrischen Maschine (3) ein Schaltelement (5) angeordnet ist, das entweder in einer ersten Schaltstellung, in der die elektrische Maschine (3) in einer ersten Übersetzungsstufe mit der Abtriebswelle (4) verbunden und die Brenn- kraftmaschine (2) abgekoppelt ist oder in einer zweiten Schaltstellung betrieben wird, in der sowohl die elektrische Maschine (3) als auch die Brennkraftmaschine (2) mit der Abtriebswelle (4) verbunden sind, wobei zwischen der elektrischen Maschine (3) und der Abtriebswelle (4) ein unterschiedliche Ganganzahlen für die elektrische Maschine ermöglichendes schaltbares Getriebe angeordnet ist. in that a switching element (5) is arranged between the internal combustion engine (2) and the electric machine (3), which is connected to the output shaft (4) either in a first switching position in which the electric machine (3) is connected to the output shaft (4) in a first gear ratio fuels Engine (2) is decoupled or operated in a second switching position, in which both the electric machine (3) and the internal combustion engine (2) with the output shaft (4) are connected, wherein between the electric machine (3) and the output shaft (4) a different Ganganzahl for the electric machine enabling switchable transmission is arranged.
9. Betriebsverfahren nach Anspruch 8, 9. Operating method according to claim 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass ein Getriebe verwendet wird, das so ausgebildet ist, dass die Brennkraftmaschine in einem Gang und die elektrische Maschine in zwei oder drei Gängen betreibbar ist.  that a transmission is used, which is designed so that the internal combustion engine in one gear and the electric machine is operable in two or three courses.
10. Betriebsverfahren nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, 10. Operating method according to claim 8 or 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass beim Schalten des Schaltelements (5) in die erste Schaltstellung der erste Gang des Getriebes und beim Schalten des Schaltelements (5) in die zweite Schaltstellung der zweite Gang des Getriebes eingelegt und vorzugsweise gleichzeitig die Brennkraftmaschine gestartet wird.  that when switching the switching element (5) in the first switching position of the first gear of the transmission and when switching the switching element (5) inserted into the second switching position of the second gear of the transmission and preferably at the same time the internal combustion engine is started.
11. Betriebsverfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, 11. Operating method according to one of claims 8 to 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,  characterized,
dass das Planetengetriebe (6) mittels eines Trennelements (15) selektiv angekoppelt oder abgekoppelt wird.  that the planetary gear (6) is selectively coupled or disconnected by means of a separating element (15).
EP16714762.8A 2015-04-04 2016-04-04 Hybrid drive and operating method for a hybrid drive Withdrawn EP3280603A1 (en)

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DE102015004467.2A DE102015004467A1 (en) 2015-04-04 2015-04-04 Hybrid drive and operating method for a hybrid drive
PCT/EP2016/000552 WO2016162117A1 (en) 2015-04-04 2016-04-04 Hybrid drive and operating method for a hybrid drive

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DE102017202484B4 (en) * 2017-02-16 2020-10-01 Audi Ag Drive device for a motor vehicle with an auxiliary drive that can be driven via a gear change gear controlled by means of a centrifugal actuator, and a method for operating such a drive device

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CN107438529B (en) 2020-06-30
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DE102015004467A1 (en) 2016-10-06
WO2016162117A1 (en) 2016-10-13
US20180281581A1 (en) 2018-10-04

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