EP3272936A4 - Napped artificial leather dyed using cationic dye, and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Napped artificial leather dyed using cationic dye, and method for manufacturing same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP3272936A4
EP3272936A4 EP16764502.7A EP16764502A EP3272936A4 EP 3272936 A4 EP3272936 A4 EP 3272936A4 EP 16764502 A EP16764502 A EP 16764502A EP 3272936 A4 EP3272936 A4 EP 3272936A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
artificial leather
manufacturing same
cationic dye
napped artificial
leather dyed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16764502.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3272936A1 (en
EP3272936B1 (en
Inventor
Yasunori Murate
Hitoshi Nakatsuka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kuraray Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Kuraray Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kuraray Co Ltd filed Critical Kuraray Co Ltd
Priority to EP20164441.6A priority Critical patent/EP3693507A1/en
Publication of EP3272936A1 publication Critical patent/EP3272936A1/en
Publication of EP3272936A4 publication Critical patent/EP3272936A4/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3272936B1 publication Critical patent/EP3272936B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/121—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyesters, polycarbonates, alkyds
    • D06N3/123—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyesters, polycarbonates, alkyds with polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/088—Cooling filaments, threads or the like, leaving the spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D01D5/36—Matrix structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0004—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using ultra-fine two-component fibres, e.g. island/sea, or ultra-fine one component fibres (< 1 denier)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
    • D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0065—Organic pigments, e.g. dyes, brighteners
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
    • D06N3/0075—Napping, teasing, raising or abrading of the resin coating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
    • D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/002—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated using basic dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
    • D06P3/52—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
    • D06P3/34—Material containing ester groups
    • D06P3/52—Polyesters
    • D06P3/522—Polyesters using basic dyes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/08—Properties of the materials having optical properties
    • D06N2209/0807—Coloured
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
    • D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
    • D06N2211/28—Artificial leather

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP16764502.7A 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed with cationic dye and method for manufacturing the same Active EP3272936B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20164441.6A EP3693507A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed with cationic dye

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2015053966 2015-03-17
PCT/JP2016/001560 WO2016147671A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed using cationic dye, and method for manufacturing same

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20164441.6A Division EP3693507A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed with cationic dye
EP20164441.6A Division-Into EP3693507A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed with cationic dye

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3272936A1 EP3272936A1 (en) 2018-01-24
EP3272936A4 true EP3272936A4 (en) 2018-10-17
EP3272936B1 EP3272936B1 (en) 2020-07-08

Family

ID=56918726

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16764502.7A Active EP3272936B1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed with cationic dye and method for manufacturing the same
EP20164441.6A Pending EP3693507A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed with cationic dye

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20164441.6A Pending EP3693507A1 (en) 2015-03-17 2016-03-17 Napped artificial leather dyed with cationic dye

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US10982382B2 (en)
EP (2) EP3272936B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6698066B2 (en)
KR (1) KR102637213B1 (en)
CN (2) CN112538764A (en)
TW (1) TWI655334B (en)
WO (1) WO2016147671A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TWI825001B (en) * 2016-09-14 2023-12-11 日商可樂麗股份有限公司 Dyeed artificial leather base material, pile-like artificial leather, artificial leather with resin layer, shoes, decorative sheets and decorative moldings
EP3550068B1 (en) 2016-11-30 2024-01-03 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Dyed leather-like sheet and fiber structure
KR102558625B1 (en) * 2016-12-13 2023-07-21 주식회사 쿠라레 Raised artificial leather, polyester fiber, and non-woven fabric
WO2018221452A1 (en) 2017-05-31 2018-12-06 株式会社クラレ Leathery sheet and fiber structure
CN111684126B (en) * 2018-02-19 2023-04-11 株式会社可乐丽 Vertical-hair-shaped artificial leather
JP7112222B2 (en) * 2018-03-23 2022-08-03 株式会社クラレ Raised artificial leather
US20220018061A1 (en) * 2018-12-27 2022-01-20 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Napped artificial leather and method for producing the same

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0084203A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1983-07-27 Toray Industries, Inc. Ultra-fine sheath-core composite fibers and composite sheets made thereof
JPH06192968A (en) * 1992-10-28 1994-07-12 Kuraray Co Ltd Cation-dyeable leathery sheet
JP2000248427A (en) * 1999-03-04 2000-09-12 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Polyester fiber
JP2001019735A (en) * 1999-07-05 2001-01-23 Teijin Ltd Polyurethane resin and leathery sheetlike material using the same
EP1736593A2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-27 ALCANTARA S.p.A. Microfibrous non-woven chamois fabric having a high light fastness and process for its preparation
JP2010242240A (en) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-28 Teijin Fibers Ltd Deodorant fabric and fiber product

Family Cites Families (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3746507A (en) * 1971-06-29 1973-07-17 Celanese Corp Solvent dyeing copolyester fibers
US4604320A (en) * 1982-01-15 1986-08-05 Toray Industries, Inc. Ultrafine sheath-core composite fibers and composite sheets made thereof
JPS6170083A (en) 1984-09-12 1986-04-10 Toray Ind Inc Manufacture of artificial leather dyeable in deep color
JPH0718053B2 (en) * 1985-10-21 1995-03-01 旭化成工業株式会社 Easily dyeable modified polyester fiber and method for producing the same
KR100259494B1 (en) * 1997-12-10 2000-06-15 조정래 Process for preparing polyester fiber
JP2002302880A (en) * 2001-04-09 2002-10-18 Toray Ind Inc Plush leathery sheet material and method for producing the same
JP2003027380A (en) * 2001-07-13 2003-01-29 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Black colored nonwoven fabric having excellent color developing property
JP3789353B2 (en) * 2001-12-20 2006-06-21 株式会社クラレ Suede-like artificial leather dyeing method
JP4419669B2 (en) * 2004-05-07 2010-02-24 東レ株式会社 Leather-like sheet and method for producing the same
JPWO2009088008A1 (en) * 2008-01-08 2011-05-26 帝人ファイバー株式会社 Normal pressure cationic dyeable polyester and fiber
JP2010222714A (en) * 2009-03-19 2010-10-07 Teijin Fibers Ltd Fabric, dyed fabric and fiber product
JP2011137274A (en) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-14 Teijin Fibers Ltd Normal pressure cation-dyeable polyester multifilament
US9752258B2 (en) * 2011-02-21 2017-09-05 Kuraray Co., Ltd. Cationic-dyeable polyester fiber and conjugated fiber
JP6108271B2 (en) 2012-06-25 2017-04-05 株式会社クラレ Synthetic leather and method for producing the same
CN103603216B (en) * 2013-11-28 2015-11-18 兴业皮革科技股份有限公司 A kind of leather retanning dyeing

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0084203A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1983-07-27 Toray Industries, Inc. Ultra-fine sheath-core composite fibers and composite sheets made thereof
JPH06192968A (en) * 1992-10-28 1994-07-12 Kuraray Co Ltd Cation-dyeable leathery sheet
JP2000248427A (en) * 1999-03-04 2000-09-12 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd Polyester fiber
JP2001019735A (en) * 1999-07-05 2001-01-23 Teijin Ltd Polyurethane resin and leathery sheetlike material using the same
EP1736593A2 (en) * 2005-06-24 2006-12-27 ALCANTARA S.p.A. Microfibrous non-woven chamois fabric having a high light fastness and process for its preparation
JP2010242240A (en) * 2009-04-02 2010-10-28 Teijin Fibers Ltd Deodorant fabric and fiber product

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 199432, 1994 Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1994-261031, XP002783759 *
DATABASE WPI Week 201076, 2010 Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2010-N50708, XP002783760 *
See also references of WO2016147671A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2016147671A1 (en) 2016-09-22
JPWO2016147671A1 (en) 2017-12-28
EP3693507A1 (en) 2020-08-12
TW201641778A (en) 2016-12-01
EP3272936A1 (en) 2018-01-24
EP3272936B1 (en) 2020-07-08
TWI655334B (en) 2019-04-01
CN112538764A (en) 2021-03-23
US20180066397A1 (en) 2018-03-08
KR102637213B1 (en) 2024-02-15
CN107407048A (en) 2017-11-28
JP6698066B2 (en) 2020-05-27
KR20170128243A (en) 2017-11-22
US10982382B2 (en) 2021-04-20

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