EP3271202B1 - Ensemble d'engrenage, transmission de véhicule et moyeu de roue électrique associé - Google Patents

Ensemble d'engrenage, transmission de véhicule et moyeu de roue électrique associé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3271202B1
EP3271202B1 EP16709935.7A EP16709935A EP3271202B1 EP 3271202 B1 EP3271202 B1 EP 3271202B1 EP 16709935 A EP16709935 A EP 16709935A EP 3271202 B1 EP3271202 B1 EP 3271202B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
planetary gear
engagement
gear stage
gearing assembly
effect
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16709935.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3271202A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert William Thompson
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Qinetiq Ltd
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Qinetiq Ltd
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Publication of EP3271202A1 publication Critical patent/EP3271202A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/62—Gearings having three or more central gears
    • F16H3/66—Gearings having three or more central gears composed of a number of gear trains without drive passing from one train to another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B60K17/046—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel with planetary gearing having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/06—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing
    • B60K17/08—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of change-speed gearing of mechanical type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H2003/447—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion without permanent connection between the set of orbital gears and the output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
    • F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2007—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with two sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2035—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with two engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2038—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with three engaging means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2064—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes using at least one positive clutch, e.g. dog clutch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2094—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion using positive clutches, e.g. dog clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2097—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion comprising an orbital gear set member permanently connected to the housing, e.g. a sun wheel permanently connected to the housing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gearing assembly, in particular a gearing assembly adapted to provide at least three ratios including 1:1 in a simplified and compact manner.
  • Assemblies according to the invention may be found useful in a variety of vehicular applications or in other machinery where a simple, robust and compact gearbox is required. Gearing assemblies are used commonly on vehicles where it is desired to drive a wheel or axle at a different rotational speed to the revolutions of an engine. Assemblies according to the invention may find particular application in a gearing system for an electrical hub drive, and applications of the invention are discussed herein in that context by way of example, although the invention is not limited to such applications.
  • Electric hub drives, or hub-mounted electric drive (HMED) units are finding increasing use on vehicles where it is advantageous for the wheels to be driven independently. Applications include for example large vehicles and, vehicles adapted for use on difficult and for example steep or uneven terrain. HMED units are finding increasing use on hybrid vehicles. HMED units are finding increasing use on military vehicles particularly for use on difficult terrain.
  • Each wheel is provided with a hub-mounted electric drive assembly typically comprising a housing containing an electric motor, and a drivetrain including a drive shaft, arranged inside a suitable hub-mounted housing.
  • An output shaft of the hub drive drives the wheel.
  • the hub drive assembly must fit within the space available inside the diameter and the overall width of the wheel rim and tyre assembly.
  • the requirements for an electric hub drive are such that it needs to have large torque range and a large speed range and as well as be compact.
  • a multi-speed gear change mechanism is desirable to facilitate this.
  • Higher gear ratios can be used to provide higher torques at lower speeds and lower gear ratios can be used to allow for higher speeds (with low available output torque).
  • a gearing assembly with two speeds including a 1: 1 ratio and a planetary gear set reduction selectively engageable by means of a simple and compact dog clutch arrangement is described in EP1692416 .
  • An adaptation of this mechanism to provide a third ratio for example by provision of a second planetary gear set in series with the first could significantly complicate the required dog clutch arrangement.
  • a dog clutch for high gear selection may be provided inside a tubular shaft between the motor rotor and the sun gear of the mid stage with radial pins and slots for actuation.
  • a simpler mechanism is desirable, and in particular one that remains compact at least in the axial direction such as for application for example in electric hub drives.
  • US2012/129646 discloses a continuously variable transmission for a vehicle.
  • a gearing assembly in a first aspect, comprises a rotary input member and a rotary output member and a gearing arrangement between the input member and the output member selectively engageable to effect a driving engagement between the input member and the output member through at least a first torque connection having a first gear ratio, a second torque connection having a second gear ratio and a third torque connection having a third gear ratio; wherein the gearing arrangement includes a first engagement member operable selectively to effect the first torque connection in a 1:1 ratio, a first planetary gear stage and a second planetary gear stage, and a second engagement member operable selectively to effect the second torque connection and a third engagement member operable selectively to effect the third torque connection respectively through one or more of the planetary gear stages; and wherein the first engagement member is located on a first side of the input member and the first planetary gear stage, second engagement member, second planetary gear stage and third engagement member are located on a second side of the input member opposite to said first side, and characterised in that the gearing assembly further
  • the second torque connection is effected through one of the planetary gear stages and for example the first planetary gear stage and the third torque connection is effected through the first planetary gear stage and the second planetary gear stage in series.
  • the gearing arrangement includes a first engagement member operable selectively to effect driving engagement between the input member and the output member in a first 1:1 ratio, a first planetary gear stage and a second engagement member operable selectively to effect driving engagement between the input member and the output member through the first planetary gear stage, and a second planetary gear stage and a third engagement member operable selectively to effect driving engagement between the input member and the output member through the first planetary gear stage and the second planetary gear stage in series; wherein the first engagement member is located on a first side of the input member and the first planetary gear stage, second engagement member, second planetary gear stage and third engagement member are located on a second side of the input member opposite to said first side.
  • the invention is distinctly characterised by the positioning of the first engagement member that effects a driving engagement between the input member and the output member in a 1:1 ratio on the opposite side of the input member from the two planetary gear sets, and in particular, on the opposite side of the rotary drive mechanism from the two planetary gear sets.
  • the first torque connection is effected by a first engagement member to provide a gear ratio of 1:1 (as a ratio of input member: output member angular velocity). Although this may for convenience be referred to herein as one of the three speeds of the gearing arrangement, this torque connection is ungeared.
  • the first engagement member comprises a selectively engageable coupling means engageable to effect a driving engagement directly between the input member and the output member.
  • the first engagement member includes a first dog clutch arrangement.
  • the dog clutch arrangement comprises an annular dog ring.
  • the first engagement member is provided with a first actuator to effect its selective engagement and disengagement.
  • the first actuator comprises a first selector hub such as a dog hub borne for axial movement relative to the output member to effect selective engagement of the first engagement member for example being the first dog clutch.
  • the first actuator additionally comprises a shift fork to effect axial movement of the first selector hub.
  • the second and third torque connections are provided by the arrangement of the first planetary gear stage and the second planetary gear stage at an opposite side of the input member, and in consequence, at an opposite side of a rotary drive mechanism driving said input member.
  • Each planetary gear stage typically comprises in familiar manner a sun gear, at least one planet gear and more usually a set of planet gears circumferentially distributed about and meshing with the sun gear and borne by a common planet carrier co-axially located with the sun gear, and an annulus meshing with the planet gear(s), a first of said sun gear, planet carrier, or annulus configured to be driven on an input side of the gear stage, a second of said sun gear, planet carrier, or annulus configured to rotate on an output side of the gear stage.
  • each sun gear, planet gear and annulus is adapted for meshing engagement with its counterparts to effect coupled rotation in familiar manner.
  • each gear has a planar gear body with a plurality of identically sized and evenly circumferentially spaced teeth.
  • a plurality of identical planet gears are preferably provided distributed about the sun gear.
  • three to six planet gears are provided in association with a sun gear.
  • each planetary gear stage is configured as a reduction gear in which the sun gear is arranged to be driven on an input side of the gear stage, the planet carrier is arranged to rotate on an output side of the gear and the annulus is held non-rotatably.
  • the two planetary gear stages are configured to deliver a second torque connection has an intermediate gear ratio greater than 1:1 but less than that of the third torque connection, and a third torque connection has a gear ratio of greater than 1:1 and greater than that of the second torque connection.
  • this is achieved in that the second torque connection is effected through the first planetary gear stage and the third torque connection is effected through the first planetary gear stage and the second planetary gear stage in series.
  • the first and second planetary gear stages are identical.
  • the first and second planetary gear stages are disposed coaxially and adjacent to each other.
  • the first and second planetary gear stages are provided with a common annulus.
  • first and second planetary gear stages are each configured to produce a gear ratio of between 2.5: 1 and 3: 1 and for example a ratio of approximately 2.7:1.
  • This reduction ratio is ideal as it matches the requirements of typical traction motors which can readily be made to deliver constant power over a 3:1 speed range.
  • Two gear stages of approximately 2.7:1 arranged serially gives a mechanical ratio spread of approximately 7:1 and combined with the traction motor speed range gives an overall range of approximately 20:1.
  • the second and third torque connections are provided through the arrangement of the first planetary gear stage and the second planetary gear stage.
  • the second torque connection is effected by creating a driving engagement between the input member and the output member through the first planetary gear stage and the third torque connection is effected by creating a driving engagement between the input member and the output member through the first planetary gear stage and the second planetary gear stage in series.
  • the second torque connection is effected by the second engagement member.
  • the second engagement member comprises a selectively engageable coupling means engageable to effect a driving engagement between the input member and the output member through the first planetary gear stage.
  • the second engagement member includes a second dog clutch arrangement.
  • the dog clutch arrangement comprises an annular dog ring.
  • the third torque connection is effected by the second engagement member.
  • the third engagement member comprises a selectively engageable coupling means engageable to effect a driving engagement between the input member and the output member through the first and second planetary gear stages in series.
  • the third engagement member includes a third dog clutch arrangement.
  • the dog clutch arrangement comprises an annular dog ring.
  • the second engagement member is provided with an actuator to effect its selective engagement and disengagement.
  • the third engagement member is provided with an actuator to effect its selective engagement and disengagement.
  • a second actuator is provided to effect selective engagement of one, other or neither of the second and third engagement members.
  • the second actuator comprises a second selector hub such as a second dog hub borne for axial movement relative to the output member to effect selective engagement of one, other or neither of the second and third engagement members being for example the second and third dog clutches.
  • the second actuator additionally comprises a shift fork to effect axial movement of the second selector hub.
  • the input member is for example an input shaft directly mechanically coupled to or integrally formed with a motor rotor of the rotary drive mechanism.
  • the output member conveys output rotary drive to a driven system, for example to a vehicle drive transmission system.
  • the output member is for example an output shaft directly mechanically coupled to or integrally formed with a driveshaft of the system to be driven.
  • the input member is disposed coaxially with and around the output member.
  • the output member extends axially beyond the input member on either side, the first engagement means being disposed in association with and for example around such axial extension on a first side, and the first planetary gear stage, second engagement member, second planetary gear stage and third engagement member being disposed in association with and for example around such axial extension on a second side.
  • the input member comprises a motor rotor of the rotary electric motor
  • the output member comprises a driveshaft
  • the motor rotor is an annular rotor disposed coaxially with and around the driveshaft, the driveshaft extending axially beyond the annular motor rotor on either side.
  • the gearing assembly provides a three speed drive configuration.
  • the gearing assembly may be further modified to provide further speeds.
  • the present invention also provides a vehicle drivetrain including the gearing assembly described above.
  • the present invention also provides an electric wheel hub drive containing the gearing assembly described above.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross section of a gearing assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment shows a drive configuration providing three gear ratios including 1:1.
  • An electric rotary drive traction motor rotor is coupled to an output drive shaft either directly, through one planetary gear reduction, or through two planetary gear reductions in series.
  • the present invention takes the approach of splitting the gearing assembly and placing the direct coupling on a first side of the traction motor and the planetary gear reductions on a second side of the traction motor.
  • This drive configuration having the high engagement system on one side of the traction motor and the planetary gears and the mid / low engagement system on the other side of the motor allows a simplified mechanism.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross section of a drive configuration generally denoted 1 including a gearing assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the gearing assembly includes a gearing arrangement that is adapted to engage with and provide rotary output drive to a drive shaft 2.
  • Rotary input is provided from a rotary electric traction motor via a motor rotor 5 driven by an annular stator 6.
  • the motor rotor 5 annularly surrounds the drive shaft 2 which extends axially beyond it on either side.
  • the gearing arrangement is distinctly characterised by the disposition of a 1:1 rotor to driveshaft engagement means to engage upon a first such axial extension on a first side of the traction motor, and the disposition of a planetary gearing system offering two further ratios, and in particular two reduction ratios, on a second such axial extension on a second side of the traction motor.
  • High, mid and low dog clutches effect selective engagement of the three ratios, in figure 1 all shown disengaged.
  • the first 1:1 engagement means includes a first, high dog clutch 9 provided with a set of selectively engageable and disengageable dogs to effect a first torque connection between the motor rotor and the driveshaft in a 1:1 ratio. Selective engagement and disengagement is effected by axial movement of a first selector hub 3.
  • the first selector hub 3 has an annular body surrounding the shaft 2 and provided on the left hand side (as shown) with a set of dogs complementarily structured with dogs of the first dog clutch.
  • the selector hub 4 is borne for axial movement relative to the drive shaft by means of a splined connection 7 so that the hub and shaft must turn together but the hub is able to slide axially on the shaft to and fro from the position illustrated in Figure 1 .
  • Axial movement is effected by an operator using the shift fork 8.
  • the first selector hub 4 is moved to the left (as shown) and a torque transfer engagement is effected between the high dog clutch 9 and the first selector hub 3 whereby the input of the motor rotor is coupled to the output of the drive shaft in 1:1 ratio.
  • the other two gear ratios are provided by selective engagement of the planetary gear system disposed on the other side of the traction motor.
  • First and second planetary gear stages are arranged in series and respectively comprise a first sun gear 10 meshed with a first planet gear set 14 and a second sun gear 11 meshed with a second planet gear set 15, with a common ring gear 16. Both gear stages are arranged as reduction gears, with the sun gear as the input and the planet carrier as the output, and with the common ring gear held non-rotatably.
  • a second, mid dog clutch 13 and a third, low dog clutch 12 each provided with a set of selectively engageable and disengageable dogs are provided to effect respectively a second torque connection between the motor rotor and the drive shaft and a third second torque connection between the motor rotor and the drive shaft at the respective second and third ratios.
  • Selective engagement and disengagement to effect a mid gear or low gear connection is effected by axial movement of a second selector hub 17.
  • the second selector hub 17 has an annular body surrounding the shaft 2 and provided on both sides with a set of dogs complementarily structured with dogs of a respective dog clutch.
  • the selector hub 17 is borne for axial movement relative to the drive shaft by means of a splined connection 18 so that the hub and shaft turn together but the hub is able to slide axially on the shaft to and fro from the position illustrated in Figure 1 , in which neither dog clutch is engaged.
  • Axial movement is effected by an operator using the shift fork 19.
  • the second selector hub 17 To engage the mid gear the second selector hub 17 is moved to the right (as shown) and a torque transfer engagement is effected between the mid dog clutch 13 and the complementary dogs on the second selector hub 17 whereby the input of the motor rotor is coupled to the output of the drive shaft via the first planetary gear stage only. To engage the low gear the second selector hub 17 is moved to the left (as shown) and a torque transfer engagement is effected between the low dog clutch 12 and the complementary dogs on the second selector hub 17 whereby the input of the motor rotor is coupled to the output of the drive shaft via the first planetary gear stage and the second planetary gear stage successively in series.
  • the system provides three selectable ratios.
  • the high 9, mid 12 and low 13 dog clutches are used to couple the rotor 5 to the drive shaft 2 respectively directly, through one planetary gear reduction or through two planetary gear reductions in series.
  • the ratios of those two stages need not be different and are preferably identical, although they may differ if desired, and other planetary gear arrangements might be considered to achieve mid and low gears.
  • the two planetary gear stages are configured with relatively low reduction ratios for example of approximately 2.7:1 per stage.
  • the planet gears are correspondingly small in comparison with the sun gear.
  • Two gear stages of approximately 2.7:1 per stage gives a mechanical ratio of approximately 7:1 when the two stages are combined in series, which combined with a typical electrical traction motor range results in a range of approximately 20:1.
  • the drive configuration of this embodiment by placing the high engagement dog clutch system on one side of the traction motor and the planetary gears and the mid / low engagement dog clutch system on the other side of the motor allows a simplified mechanism.
  • keeping the high dog clutch on the same side of the motor as the two planetary gear stages would require a more complex arrangement, for example locating a dog inside a tubular traction motor output shaft with radial slots and pins to allow actuation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Driving Of Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Ensemble d'engrenage comprenant un élément d'entrée rotatif et un élément de sortie rotatif et un agencement d'engrenage entre l'élément d'entrée (5) et l'élément de sortie (2) pouvant se mettre en prise sélectivement pour effectuer une mise en prise d'entraînement entre l'élément d'entrée et l'élément de sortie à travers au moins une première liaison de couple (9) possédant un premier rapport d'engrenage, une deuxième liaison de couple (13) possédant un deuxième rapport d'engrenage et une troisième liaison de couple (12) possédant un troisième rapport d'engrenage ; ledit agencement d'engrenage comprenant un premier élément de mise en prise (9) servant sélectivement à effectuer la première liaison de couple dans un rapport 1:1, un premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal (10, 14) et un second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal (11, 15), et un deuxième élément de mise en prise (13) servant sélectivement à effectuer la deuxième liaison de couple et un troisième élément de mise en prise (12) servant sélectivement à effectuer la troisième liaison de couple respectivement par l'intermédiaire d'un ou plusieurs des étages d'engrenage épicycloïdaux ; et ledit premier élément de mise en prise (9) étant situé sur un premier côté de l'élément d'entrée (5) et ledit premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal, ledit deuxième élément de mise en prise (13), ledit second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal et ledit troisième élément de mise en prise (12) étant situés sur un second côté de l'élément d'entrée (5) opposé audit premier côté, et,
    caractérisé en ce que l'ensemble d'engrenage comprend en outre un mécanisme d'entraînement rotatif constitué d'un moteur électrique rotatif (6) pour entraîner l'élément d'entrée, ledit premier élément de mise en prise étant situé sur un premier côté du mécanisme d'entraînement rotatif et ledit premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal, ledit deuxième élément de mise en prise, ledit second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal et ledit troisième élément de mise en prise étant situés sur un second côté du mécanisme d'entraînement rotatif opposé audit premier côté.
  2. Ensemble d'engrenage selon la revendication 1, lesdits étages d'engrenage épicycloïdaux étant agencés de sorte que la deuxième liaison de couple (13) soit effectuée par la mise en prise du premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal (10, 14) et ladite troisième liaison de couple (12) soit effectuée par la mise en prise du premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal (10, 14) et du second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal (11, 15) en série.
  3. Ensemble d'engrenage selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, ledit premier élément de mise en prise (9) servant sélectivement à effectuer la mise en prise d'entraînement entre l'élément d'entrée (5) et l'élément de sortie (2) dans le rapport 1:1, le premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal (10, 14) et le deuxième élément de mise en prise (13) servant sélectivement à effectuer une mise en prise d'entraînement entre l'élément d'entrée et l'élément de sortie à travers le premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal, et ledit second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal (11, 15) et ledit troisième élément de mise en prise (12) servant sélectivement à effectuer une mise en prise d'entraînement entre l'élément d'entrée et l'élément de sortie à travers le premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal et le second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal en série.
  4. Ensemble d'engrenage selon une quelconque revendication précédente, ledit premier élément de mise en prise (9) comprenant un moyen d'accouplement pouvant se mettre en prise sélectivement pouvant être mis en prise pour effectuer une mise en prise d'entraînement directement entre l'élément d'entrée (5) et l'élément de sortie (2), le premier élément de mise en prise (9) étant éventuellement doté d'un actionneur (8) pour effectuer ses mise en prise et séparation sélectives.
  5. Ensemble d'engrenage selon la revendication 4, ledit premier élément de mise en prise (9) comprenant un premier embrayage à crabots (9) et étant éventuellement doté d'un moyeu sélecteur (4) supporté pour un mouvement axial par rapport à l'élément de sortie (2) afin d'effectuer une mise en prise sélective avec le premier embrayage à crabots (9).
  6. Ensemble d'engrenage selon une quelconque revendication précédente, chaque étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal comprenant un engrenage planétaire (10), un ensemble d'engrenages satellites (14) répartis latéralement autour de l'engrenage planétaire et s'engrenant avec celui-ci et portés par un porte-satellites commun situé coaxialement avec l'engrenage planétaire, et une couronne (16) s'engrenant avec les engrenages satellites.
  7. Ensemble d'engrenage selon la revendication 6, chaque étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal étant conçu sous la forme d'un réducteur dans lequel l'engrenage planétaire (10) est agencé pour être entraîné sur un côté d'entrée de l'étage d'engrenage, ledit porte-satellites étant agencé pour tourner sur un côté de sortie de l'engrenage et ladite couronne (16) étant maintenue non rotative.
  8. Ensemble d'engrenage selon la revendication 6 ou 7, lesdits premier et second étages d'engrenage épicycloïdaux étant identiques.
  9. Ensemble d'engrenage selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, lesdits premier et second étages d'engrenage épicycloïdaux étant dotés d'une couronne commune (16).
  10. Ensemble d'engrenage selon une quelconque revendication précédente, chaque étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal étant conçu pour produire un rapport d'engrenage compris entre 2,5 : 1 et 3: 1.
  11. Ensemble d'engrenage selon une quelconque revendication précédente, ledit deuxième élément de mise en prise (13) comprenant un moyen d'accouplement pouvant se mettre en prise sélectivement agencé pour pouvoir se mettre en prise afin d'effectuer une mise en prise d'entraînement entre l'élément d'entrée et l'élément de sortie à travers le premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal, et/ou ledit troisième l'élément de mise en prise (12) comprenant un moyen d'accouplement pouvant se mettre en prise sélectivement agencé pour pouvoir se mettre en prise afin d'effectuer une mise en prise d'entraînement entre l'élément d'entrée et l'élément de sortie à travers le premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal et le second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal en série ; et éventuellement, ledit deuxième et/ou ledit troisième élément de mise en prise comprenant un agencement d'embrayage à crabots.
  12. Ensemble d'engrenage selon une quelconque revendication précédente, ledit élément d'entrée comprenant un arbre d'entrée (5) directement couplé mécaniquement à un rotor (5) de moteur du mécanisme d'entraînement rotatif ou formé d'un seul tenant avec celui-ci.
  13. Ensemble d'engrenage selon les revendications 1 à 11, ledit élément d'entrée étant disposé coaxialement avec l'élément de sortie et autour de celui-ci, l'élément de sortie s'étendant axialement au-delà de l'élément d'entrée de chaque côté, le premier moyen de mise en prise étant disposé en association avec cette extension axiale sur un premier côté, et ledit premier étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal, ledit deuxième élément de mise en prise, ledit second étage d'engrenage épicycloïdal et ledit troisième élément de mise en prise étant disposés en association avec cette extension axiale sur un second côté.
  14. Ensemble d'engrenage selon la revendication 13, ledit élément d'entrée comprenant un rotor (5) de moteur du moteur électrique rotatif (6), ledit élément de sortie comprenant un arbre d'entraînement (2), et ledit rotor (5) de moteur étant un rotor annulaire disposé coaxialement avec l'arbre d'entraînement (2) et autour de celui-ci, l'arbre d'entraînement s'étendant axialement au-delà du rotor de moteur annulaire de chaque côté.
  15. Transmission de véhicule ou entraînement de moyeu de roue électrique comprenant l'ensemble d'engrenage selon une quelconque revendication précédente.
EP16709935.7A 2015-03-17 2016-03-15 Ensemble d'engrenage, transmission de véhicule et moyeu de roue électrique associé Active EP3271202B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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GB201504469A GB201504469D0 (en) 2015-03-17 2015-03-17 Gearing assembly
PCT/EP2016/055544 WO2016146628A1 (fr) 2015-03-17 2016-03-15 Ensemble d'engrenage, transmission de véhicule et moyeu de roue électrique associé

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EP3271202B1 true EP3271202B1 (fr) 2021-11-17

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AU (1) AU2016232290B2 (fr)
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ES (1) ES2900474T3 (fr)
GB (1) GB201504469D0 (fr)
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GB201800890D0 (en) 2018-01-19 2018-03-07 Qinetiq Ltd Gearing assemblies and apparatus
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CN112440727A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2021-03-05 比亚迪股份有限公司 轮毂电驱动***、驱动轮和车辆
IT201900020144A1 (it) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-01 Engines Eng S R L Motoruota con cambio epicicloidale.

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CA2978224C (fr) 2024-01-16
US20180072154A1 (en) 2018-03-15
CA2978224A1 (fr) 2016-09-22
IL254309B (en) 2021-12-01
EP3271202A1 (fr) 2018-01-24
WO2016146628A1 (fr) 2016-09-22
AU2016232290A1 (en) 2017-09-14
IL254309A0 (en) 2017-11-30
ES2900474T3 (es) 2022-03-17
AU2016232290B2 (en) 2020-08-20
US10493844B2 (en) 2019-12-03
GB201504469D0 (en) 2015-04-29

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