EP3262245A1 - A hinge cell for beam to column connection - Google Patents
A hinge cell for beam to column connectionInfo
- Publication number
- EP3262245A1 EP3262245A1 EP16731685.0A EP16731685A EP3262245A1 EP 3262245 A1 EP3262245 A1 EP 3262245A1 EP 16731685 A EP16731685 A EP 16731685A EP 3262245 A1 EP3262245 A1 EP 3262245A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plate
- protrusions
- column
- column plate
- construction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000848 angular dependent Auger electron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011513 prestressed concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009528 severe injury Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
- E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/024—Structures with steel columns and beams
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to a beam to column joint to be used in the frame construction of buildings or other structures that are subject to seismic loads.
- the present invention is a hinge cell providing a beam to column connection absorbing the seismic loads in the plastic state which prevents damage in building frames during earthquakes.
- Seismic isolation systems and isolation devices Transfer of seismic forces from the ground to the building foundation is prevented, or limited during seismic shaking by forming a soft interface layer underneath the building structure.
- a special isolation interface has to be constructed for this purpose that is composed of isolation devices.
- Seismic isolation systems and isolation devices are very expensive. Seismic isolation is implemented effectively only for low and mid-rise buildings (maximum 10 stories) with fundamental vibration periods less than 1 second. Usually one device is employed for each column at the ground story. An additional isolation story should be constructed, which is about the height of a normal story. Each device costs about 5,000. USD, which increases the construction cost considerably. The devices should be ordered to a manufacturer after the design project is prepared. This timing increases the construction duration since construction waits until the devices are produced and delivered to the site.
- Energy dissipation systems passive energy dissipation devices, viscous fluid dampers, viscoelastic solid dampers, friction dampers, and metallic dampers, buckling restrained braces-BRB, added damping and stiffness dampers-ADAS: these devices are replaced in stories between the adjacent floors of the building. When interstory drift deformations occur during the earthquake, they dissipate energy as a function of relative velocity or relative displacement of the stories that they are located, hence they reduce the response of the building structure to earthquake ground shaking.
- Energy dissipation systems impose serious constraints to building architecture.
- Energy dissipation braces block view and access since they are usually located diagonally in the open bays of a building throughout the story height. They are effective only in flexible steel buildings whereas their effectiveness is very limited in concrete buildings. Accordingly, implementation of these devices in concrete buildings had been very limited.
- Structural members at the connection points of energy dissipating braces should be made very rigid, which is an additional constraint. They do not ensure an undamaged system under an earthquake, but they only help reduce deformations, hence reduce the consequent damage slightly. All of the products are custom made and have high costs.
- Post tensioned connections Self-centering connection systems have been developed for precast and steel structures.
- Post tensioned connections can only be implemented to precast concrete and steel structures, but not to conventional concrete structures.
- Field application is complicated due to post tensioning of all beams in the building which imposes high stresses at the beam flanges. These connections are not an integral part of the building. Additional post tensioning of all beams in both directions increases construction cost significantly.
- Field application in practice is not known so far.
- Replaceable links They are used to connect steel beams to columns with a sacrificial steel plate which is weaker than the beam. Energy dissipation is provided by the inelastic deformation of the connection plate. The deformed link element can be replaced after the earthquake.
- the sacrificial link plate is subjected to combined shear and flexure. When it fails, the connecting beam loses its stability under gravity loads.
- the entire force exerted to the building during a strong earthquake is absorbed by the present invention mounted to the building. Accordingly, no damage occurs in the structural members of the building. Deformed energy absorbing components are easily removable and replaceable after a strong earthquake.
- present invention to a concrete, steel and prestressed building system is feasible and identical. Since the application of the present invention is not limited to one type and of the building system, it is more versatile to conventional systems.
- the present invention do not create any negative visual and aesthetic problems for the building since they are embedded in the structural system and do not alter the architectural appearance of the building at all.
- Figure 1 is a diagrammatic sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention showing how to fasten the hinge cell to the beam-column connection of the frame of a construction.
- Figure 2 is a diagrammatic detailed sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention showing rotational axis of the hinge cell.
- Figure 3 is a diagrammatic sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention showing how to fasten the hinge cell to the frame of a construction.
- Figure 4 is a diagrammatic detailed sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention showing bi-rotational axis of the hinge cell.
- the present invention is a hinge cell (1) for beam (B) to column (C) connection providing ground movement protection to a construction by preventing plastic bending on frames of the construction, comprising a beam plate (2) adapted for being mounted from its outer surface to a beam-end; a column plate (3) adapted for being mounted from its outer surface to a column surface; at least two protrusions (5) at least one of which is positioned perpendicularly on the inner surface of the beam plate (2) and at least another of which is positioned perpendicularly on the inner surface of the column plate (3); at least a transverse hole passing through each protrusions (5) where the protrusion (5) on the beam plate (2) and the protrusion (5) on the column plate (3) is positioned that at least a portion of the protrusions (5) is in parallel and side by side so as to align the transverse holes; at least a pin (6) attaching the protrusions (5) though the holes forming a rotatable joint connection between the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) and at least
- the hinge cell (1) comprising a beam plate (2) adapted for being mounted from its outer surface to a beam-end; a column plate (3) adapted for being mounted from its outer surface to a column surface; a middle plate (4) positioned between the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3); at least four protrusions (5) at least one of which is positioned perpendicularly on the inner surface of the beam plate (2); at least another of which is positioned perpendicularly on the inner surface of the column plate (3); at least another of which is positioned perpendicularly on each surface of the middle plate (4); at least a transverse hole passing through each protrusions (5) where the protrusions (5) on the inner surface of the beam plate (2) are orthogonal to the protrusions (5) on the inner surface of the column plate (3) and the protrusions (5) on each surface of the middle plate (4) are orthogonal to each other and the protrusions (5) on the inner surface of the beam plate
- the protrusions (5) on the surface of the middle plate (4), facing with the inner surface of the column plate (3) are positioned that at least a portion of the protrusions (5) is in parallel and side by side parallel so as to align the transverse holes on each protrusions (5); at least a pin (6) attaching the protrusions (5) though the holes forming a rotatable joint connection between the beam plate (2) and middle plate (4), forming another rotatable joint connection between the column plate (3) and middle plate (4) where the axes of the said rotatable joint connections are orthogonal to each other and at least a resistive bar (7) secured between the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) resisting the rotational motion along the axis orthogonal to the pin
- the present invention is a hinge cell (1) for beam to column connection.
- An embodiment of the hinge cell (1) is composed of two rectangular steel plates, preferably of the beam cross section dimensions, and a rotational meansconnecting these two plates from the center of the plate surfaces.
- one plate hereinafter mentioned as beam plate (2)
- beam plate (2) is for being attached to the beam end of the construction.
- the surface of beam plate (2) for being joined to the beam end of the construction will be mentioned as outer surface of the beam plate (2) and the other (opposite) surface of the beam plate (2) will be mentioned as inner surface of the beam plate (2).
- the other plate hereinafter mentioned as column plate (3), is for being attached to the column face of the construction.
- the hinge cell (1) can be applied to any kind of frame construction such as concrete, prestressed concrete and steel structures.
- the plates can be attached to the frame of the construction (to the beam end or to the column face) by any kind of fastening method such as welding or by using any kind of fastening means such as anchor bar, nut and bolt, rivet.
- the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) have at least a pilot hole though which a fastener (8) such as an anchor bar attaches the beam plate (2) to the beam end of the construction and the column plate (3) to the column surface of the construction.
- the pilot hole can have a counterbore or countersink according to the type of the fastener (8).
- Counterbore is a cylindrical flat-bottomed hole, which enlarges the diameter of an existing pilot hole.
- Countersink is a conical depression added to an existing hole to accommodate and the conic head of a fastener (8) recessing it below the surface of the plates.
- the counter bores or the countersinks provide extra place for resistive bars (7) which will be described in the following paragraphs.
- the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) are connected to each other with lapped rotation protrusions (5) from the inner faces of the plates ( Figure 1, item 3).
- at least two protrusion (5) preferably rounded, positioned perpendicularly on the inner surface of the beam plate (2) and the inner surface of the column plate (3).
- the protrusions (5) can be positioned on the inner surface of the plates by welding or the beam plate (2) and the protrusions (5) can be produced uniformly as a single piece.
- the protrusion (5) on the beam plate (2) and the protrusion (5) on the column plate (3) is positioned that at least a portion of the protrusions (5) is in parallel and side by side so as to align the transverse holes.
- the protrusions (5) are secured in their positions with a pin (6) forming a rotatable joint connection and coupling the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) for rotation. Accordingly, rotational motion of the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) is accommodated with respect to each other.
- rotational motion along the axis orthogonal to the pin (6) axis and twist is constrained with the out of plane rigidity of the protrusions (5). However rotation about the pin (6) is not freely permitted.
- At least a resistive bar (7) is positioned between the inner surface of the beam plate (2) and the inner surface of the column plate (3).
- the resistive bar (7) resists rotational motion about the pin (6), in other words the resistive bar (7) resists the relative motion of the edge of beam plate (2) with respect to the closer edge of the column plate (3) or vice versa, by their tension and/or compression resistances.
- M external beam end moment
- Energy dissipation in the hinge cell (1) is provided by the yielding of the resistive bar (7) in tension and yielding and buckling of the resistive bar (7) in compression during the relative rotation of the plates about the rotation axis (R) through the pin (6).
- Shear force (V) and axial force (N) in the beam are transmitted to the column basically by the shear stresses on the pin (6) and axial stresses on the protrusions (5).
- the hinge cell (1) further comprises a middle plate (4) positioned between the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3).
- the middle plate (4) has at least two protrusions (5) on its both surfaces where at least a transverse hole passing through said protrusions (5).
- the protrusions (5) on the inner surface of the beam plate (2) are orthogonal to the protrusions (5) on the inner surface of the column plate (3).
- the protrusions (5) on each surface of the middle plate (4) are also orthogonal to each other.
- the protrusions (5) on the inner surface of the beam plate (2) and the protrusions (5) on the surface of the middle plate (4), facing with the inner surface of the beam plate (2), are positioned that at least a portion of the protrusions (5) is in parallel and side by sideso as to align the transverse holes on each protrusions (5).
- a pin (6) attaches the protrusions (5) though the holes forming a rotatable joint connection in one dimension between the beam plate (2) and the middle plate (4).
- the protrusions (5) on the inner surface of the column plate (3) and the protrusions (5) on the surface of the middle plate (4), facing with the inner surface of the column plate (3) are positioned that at least a portion of the protrusions (5) is in parallel and side by side so as to align the transverse holes on each protrusions (5).
- the pin (6) attaches the protrusions (5) though the holes forming a rotatable joint connection in a different dimension orthogonal to the said previous dimension between the column plate (3) and the middle plate (4).
- at least a resistive bar (7) is secured between the beam plate (2) and the middle plate (4), and between middle plate (4) and the column plate (3).
- the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) rotate with respect to each other about the two orthogonal axes (see figures 3 and 4) in the plastic state.
- the hinge cell (1) balances ground movements in different dimensions and is able to protect the construction more effectively.
- the protrusions (5) are in the form of a circular segment where the chord of the segment is adjacent to the plate surface for the purpose of achieving high durability.
- the circular segment form of the protrusions (5) can be applied to each embodiment of the hinge cell (1).
- the protrusions (5) are grouped to form a clevis connection.
- the grouped protrusions (5) like twin protrusions (5) are positioned on the surface of a plate in parallel and close to each other forming a clevis bracket.
- a pin (6), forming a clevis pin (6) which can be threaded, partially threaded or unthreaded connects the said grouped protrusions (5) forming the clevis bracket and the said protrusion (5) forming the tang.
- each connection between the beam plate (2) and the column plate (3) and the middle plate (4) can be made by the one or more said grouped protrusions (5).
- the beam plate (2) or the column plate (3) or the middle plate (4) can have one or more the said grouped protrusions (5) forming clevis connection and can have one or more the said protrusion (5) forming the tang.
- the clevis connection form of the protrusions (5) can be applied to each embodiment of the hinge cell (1).
- the resistive bars (7) are secured on the inner peripheral of the beam plate (2) and/or the column plate (3) and/or middle plate (4).
- the resistive bars (7) can be secured by welding or by any fastening means.
- a recess is provided on the inner surface of the plates for positioning the resistive bars (7). Locating the resistive bars (7) at the inner periphery of the plates is for the purpose of providing easy access after a strong ground movement for replacement in the case of excessive residual deformations. In addition to this, thanks to the recess facilitating to mount the resistive bars (7), the resistive bars (7) are easily replaceable.
- the number of the protrusion (5) is determined along with the connection design.
- the cross section size of the yielding resistive bar (7) is also calculated by design, and they provide the yield moment (M) and hysteretic energy dissipation of the hinge cell (1).
- the sizes of the protrusion (5) and the pin (6) are determined in accordance with the design forces and estimated rotations.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/TR2016/050137 WO2017192107A1 (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2016-05-05 | A hinge cell for beam to column connection |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3262245A1 true EP3262245A1 (en) | 2018-01-03 |
EP3262245B1 EP3262245B1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
Family
ID=56194548
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16731685.0A Active EP3262245B1 (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2016-05-05 | A hinge cell for beam to column connection |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3262245B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017192107A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI674345B (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-10-11 | 潤弘精密工程事業股份有限公司 | Beam-column connection structure and method of making the same |
CN110700404B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-02-26 | 武汉科技大学 | Column-beam connecting assembly, column-beam connecting assembly and construction and installation method thereof |
CN114215174B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-12-02 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Constant-resistance large-deformation anchoring device suitable for building structure earthquake-resistant node |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2674882B1 (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1993-07-30 | Meunier Thierry | CURTAIN WALL-CURTAIN TYPE ANTISISMIC STRUCTURE WITH TENSIONED CABLE OR WIRE. |
AU2000268598A1 (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-22 | Imperial College Of Science, Technology And Medicine | Khonsar replaceable energy-dissipating structural connection |
US6971795B2 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2005-12-06 | Lee George C | Seismic isolation bearing |
JP5740133B2 (en) * | 2010-02-16 | 2015-06-24 | 大倉 憲峰 | Fastener |
-
2016
- 2016-05-05 EP EP16731685.0A patent/EP3262245B1/en active Active
- 2016-05-05 WO PCT/TR2016/050137 patent/WO2017192107A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2017192107A1 (en) | 2017-11-09 |
EP3262245B1 (en) | 2019-10-23 |
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