EP3244399B1

EP3244399B1 - Sound processing system and signal processing device

Info

Publication number: EP3244399B1
Application number: EP17169484.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Tetsuya Nagasawa
Original assignee: Yamaha Corp
Current assignee: Yamaha Corp
Priority date: 2016-05-11
Filing date: 2017-05-04
Publication date: 2019-03-13
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-04
Also published as: EP3244399A1

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a technique for processing audio signals that represent sounds such as instrumental or vocal sounds.

Field of the Invention

Various techniques have been proposed that enable a plurality of musicians to perform music together using a plurality of musical instruments. For example, United States Patent No. 8,119,900 (hereinafter, Patent Document 1) discloses a system including a plurality of units, and that enables musicians to perform music together. In the system, audio signals are each supplied from respective electric musical instruments to corresponding units. An audio signal is supplied from an electric musical instrument to a corresponding unit, and is then further supplied to other units via a different path used by other of the respective musical instruments to further supply audio signals. Each unit has a mixer that combines an audio signal supplied from a corresponding electric musical instrument with audio signals supplied from other units and that outputs the combined signals to headphones. According to the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is possible for a plurality of musicians to perform music together while each musician listens to the performance of the other musicians without emitting the sound of performance into the surrounding air.
The technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, suffers from a drawback in that a complicated configuration must be implemented to realize the technique. Namely, an audio signal that is supplied to a unit from an electric musical instrument is required to be supplied to other units via a different path used by other of the respective musical instruments to further supply audio signals; and, moreover, a mixer is also required to be mounted to each unit to combine (the supplied) audio signals.
JP 2014-204205 A (Patent Document 2), US 2009/282967 A1 (Patent Document 3) and D3 WO 01/06751 A1 (Patent Document 4) disclose signal processing devices according to the preamble part of claim 1.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Taking the above drawback of Patent Document 1 into consideration, it is an object of the present invention to provide a simple configuration for mixing audio signals and outputting the mixed audio signals.
According to one aspect, the present invention provides a signal processing device as defined in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments may be configured according to any of claims 2-8.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a sound processing system is provided as defined in claim 9.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a configuration of a sound processing system according to a first example
FIG. 2 illustrates a configuration of a signal processing device.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a set-up where a plurality of signal processing devices are interconnected.
FIG. 4 illustrates a configuration of a signal processing device according to a second example
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a set-up where a plurality of signal processing devices according to the second example are interconnected.
FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG. 5.
FIG. 7 is an external view of a signal processing device according to an embodiment.
FIG. 8 illustrates a configuration of the signal processing device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 9 illustrates a configuration of a sound processing system according to a modification.
FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration of a sound processing system according to another modification.FIG. 11 illustrates a configuration of a signal processing device according to yet another modification.FIG. 12 illustrates a configuration of a signal processing device according to still yet another modification.FIG. 13 illustrates a configuration of a signal processing device according to still yet another modification.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

First Embodiment

FIG. 1 illustrates a configuration of a sound processing system 100 according to the first example. The sound processing system 100 according to the first example is a system used for a plurality of users (N users) U_{_1} to U_{_N} to play musical instruments (N being a natural number of two or more). As exemplified in FIG. 1, the sound processing system 100 according to the first example includes: a plurality of signal processing devices (N signal processing devices) 10_{_1} to 10_N, each of which is configured separately from one another; and a plurality of connecting cables 12 ((N-1) connecting cables 12) that connect the different signal processing devices 10_{_n} (n = 1 to N) to each other.
A signal source 22_{_n} and a sound emitting device 24_{_n} are connected to each signal processing device 10_{_n}. The signal source 22_{_n} supplies to the signal processing device 10_{_n} an analog audio signal (an example of a first audio signal) X_{_n} that represents a sound such as an instrumental or vocal sound. For example, a preferable example of the signal source 22_{_n} is an electric musical instrument that outputs an audio signal X_{_n} of a performance sound according to a performance by a user U_{_n}. More specifically, electric musical instruments of various types such as string instruments (e.g., guitars or violins), keyboard instruments (e.g., pianos), or percussion instruments (e.g., drums) are used as the signal source 22_{_n}. It is also possible to use, as the signal source 22_{_n}, a sound receiving device (e.g., a microphone) that receives a performing sound of a musical instrument or a vocal performing sound of a singer, to generate an audio signal X_{_n}. A playback device (e.g., a portable music player) that outputs an audio signal X_{_n} that is stored in a recording medium is also preferable as the signal source 22_{_n}. The audio signal X_{_n} is either stereo or monaural.
The signal processing device 10_{_n} is an analog mixer that supplies an audio signal (an example of a second audio signal) Y_{_n} to the sound emitting device 24_{_n}, the audio signal Y_{_n} being obtained by combining N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X_{_N} generated by the different signal sources 22_{_n}. The sound emitting device 24_{_n} may, for example, be headphones or earphones worn by a user U_{_n} on his/her ears, and that reproduces a sound represented by the audio signal Y_{_n} supplied from the signal processing device 10_{_n} (i.e., an ensemble sound obtained by musicians playing music together). In this way, each user U_{_n} can perform music while listening through the sound emitting device 24_{_n} to the sound of N users U_{_1} to U_{_N} playing music together. This configuration is common among the N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N}, and therefore, the following explanation focuses on a freely selected single signal processing device 10_{_n}.
As exemplified in FIG. 1, the signal processing device 10_{_n} includes a case 11 that is approximately cuboid in shape. A plurality of operators P (P₁ and P₂) are mounted to the upper surface of the case 11 and accept
the operation of a user U_{_n}. Each operator P according to the first example is a knob that the user U_{_n} can freely rotate. By appropriately operating a
desired operator P, the user U_{_n} can adjust a characteristic of an audio signal Y_{_n} generated by the signal processing device 10_{_n}. Positioning of the operators P is not limited to the upper surface of the case 11.
As exemplified in FIG. 1, the signal processing device 10_{_n} incudes a plurality of terminals (T_IN, T_OUT, T_C1, and T_C2). More specifically, an input terminal T_IN, an output terminal T_OUT, a connecting terminal T_C1, and a connecting terminal T_C2 are mounted to the sides of the case 11. Positioning of the terminals is not limited to the sides of the case 11.
The input terminal T_IN is a stereo jack to and from which the signal source 22_{_n} can be freely connected and disconnected. The terminal T_IN, accepts input of an audio signal X_{_n} supplied from the signal source 22_{_n}. The output terminal T_OUT is a stereo jack to and from which the sound emitting device 24_{_n} can be freely connected and disconnected. The terminal T_OUT outputs to the sound emitting device 24_{_n} an audio signal Y_{_n} generated by the signal processing device 10_{_n}. Alternatively, an audio signal X_{_n} may be transmitted by radio from the signal source 22_{_n} to the signal processing device 10_{_n}; and/or an audio signal Y_{_n} may be transmitted by radio from the signal processing device 10_{_n} to the sound emitting device 24_{_n}. The scheme of radio communication between the signal source 22_{_n} and the signal processing device 10_{_n}, as well as that between the signal processing device 10_{_n} and the sound emitting device 24_{_n} may be freely
chosen. However, it is of note that Near Filed Communication, such as Bluetooth (registered trademark), is preferable.
The connecting cable T_C1 and the connecting cable T_C2 of the signal processing device 10_{_n} are terminals for connecting the signal processing device 10_{_n} (the subject device) and other signal processing devices (hereinafter, other devices). The connecting cable T_C1 and the connecting
cable T_C2 according to the first example are stereo jacks to and from
which the plugs at the end of connecting cables 12 are freely connected and disconnected.
A connecting cable 12 is a cable that electrically connects a signal processing device 10_{_n1} and a signal processing device 10_{_n2} (n1 = 1 to N, n2 = 1 to N, n1 ≠ n2). For example, stereo shielded cables are preferably used as connecting cables 12.
As exemplified in FIG. 1, either one or both of the connecting terminal T_C1 and the connecting terminal T_C2 of the signal processing device 10_{_n} is/are connected, via connecting cable(s) 12, to connecting terminal T_C1 or/and connecting terminal T_C2 of other device(s). Accordingly, as exemplified in FIG. 1, N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} are connected in series. More specifically, the connecting terminal T_C1 of each of the second to the N^th signal processing devices 10_{_n} is connected to the connecting terminal T_C2 of the immediately preceding signal processing device 10_{_n-1}. The connecting terminal T_C1 of the signal processing device 10_{_1} at one end of a sequence of N signal processing devices 10_{_n} and the connecting terminal T_C2 of the signal processing device 10_{_N} at the other end are in an open, separate state, and are not connected to any other devices. However, it is also possible to interconnect the connecting terminal T_C1 of
the signal processing device 10_{_1} and the connecting terminal T_C2 of the signal processing device 10_{_N} (i.e., the N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} may be connected in a circle). An N number (hereinafter, the connection number) of signal processing devices 10_{_n} that are interconnected may be freely changed. More specifically, N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} that correspond to a number of users U_{_n} actually participating in a performance are connected. For example, in a case where two people (N = 2), user U_{_1} and user U_{_2}, are to perform music together, a signal processing device 10_{_1} and a signal processing device 10_{_2} are interconnected by one connecting cable 12. In a case where five people (N = 5), users U_{_1} to U_{_5}, are to perform music together, signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_5} are interconnected by four connecting cables 12.
Meanwhile, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration including a station (docking station) in which a predetermined number of spaces (docks) are formed (hereinafter, comparative example 1). In comparative example 1, it is not possible to connect units of a number that exceeds the total number of the spaces since each of a plurality of units for inputting and outputting audio signals is docked in respective spaces of the station. Accordingly, the configuration disclosed in comparative example 1 is subject to a problem in that a total number of performers who are able to perform music
together is limited. According to the first example, the number N of
connected signal processing devices 10_{_n} can be freely changed, and there is no limit to the number of users U_{_n}. In addition, in using the system of comparative example 1, users will be obliged to wait
before starting to perform music together if a user who possesses and
takes care of the station is not present. According to the first example,
even in a case that not all users are present, those users who are present can begin practicing music together by interconnecting N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N}, where N is equivalent to the number of users U_{_n} who are present. Furthermore, in comparative example 1, it is necessary for a particular user to purchase and take care of the station, whereas according to the first example, individual users U_{_n} can each purchase and take care of their own signal processing device 10_{_n}.
FIG. 2 illustrates an electric configuration of the signal processing device 10_{_n}. As exemplified in FIG. 2, the signal processing device 10_{_n} according
to the first example is an analog circuitry that includes an analog bus 42, a
resistive element 44, a first adjuster 46, and a second adjuster 48. These elements are mounted inside the case 11. In actuality, the analog bus 42, the resistive element 44, the first adjuster 46, and the second adjuster 48 are mounted for each of the left and right channels. However, for the sake of convenience in the following explanation, reference will be made to one channel only, namely, either a left or right channel. The following alternative configurations may also be assumed: that is, the first adjuster 46 or the second adjuster 48 may be mounted to the exterior of the case 11; or the first adjuster 46 and the second adjuster 48 may be omitted from the signal processing device 10_{_n}. The configuration in which the first adjuster 46 and the second adjuster 48 are omitted has an advantage in that a circuitry size and manufacturing cost of the signal processing device 10_{_n} can be reduced.
The analog bus 42 is a signal line that transmits analog signals. As FIG. 2 exemplifies, the analog bus 42 is connected to the connecting terminal T_C1 and the connecting terminal T_C2. More specifically, one end of the analog bus 42 is connected to the connecting terminal T_C1 and the other end is connected to the connecting terminal T_C2. Accordingly, where N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} are interconnected, as in the example of FIG. 1, the analog buses 42 of the signal processing devices 10_{_n} are electrically connected across the N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N}. In other words, a single bus unit is formed of the analog buses 42 of the N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} interconnected by connecting cables 12. In FIG. 1, an example configuration is shown in which the connecting terminal T_C1 of a signal processing device 10_{_n} and the connecting terminal T_C2 of a signal processing device 10_{_n-1} are connected. However, the connecting terminal T_C1 and the connecting terminal T_C2 are electrically equivalent. Thus, as will be understood from FIG. 2, it is also possible to mutually connect the connecting terminals T_C1 of different signal processing devices 10_{_n}, or to mutually connect the connecting terminals T_C2 of different signal processing devices 10_{_n}. That is, it is not necessary to distinguish between the connecting terminal T_C1 and the connecting terminal T_C2 when using the device. As exemplified in FIG. 1, where N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} are connected in series, the analog buses 42 of the signal processing devices 10_{_n} convey a common audio signal Q that is a mix of audio signals X_{_1} to X_{_N} of N streams.
As exemplified in FIG. 2, the resistive element 44 and the first adjuster 46 are disposed on a path W_A situated between the input terminal T_IN and the analog bus 42. The resistive element 44 (an example of a first resistive element) consists of an electric resistance between the input terminal T_IN and the analog bus 42. The first adjuster 46 is disposed between the input terminal T_IN and the resistive element 44, and is used to adjust a volume of an audio signal X_{_n} that is supplied from the signal source 22_{_n} to the input terminal T_IN. More specifically, the first adjuster 46 is an amplifier that amplifies an audio signal X_{_n} by a variable gain G_{A_n}. The gain G_{A_n} of the first adjuster 46 is set as variable depending on how the operator P₁ of the signal processing device 10_{_n} is operated (the position to which the operator P₁ is rotated, i.e., the angle of rotation of the operator P₁). As will be understood from the above example, an audio signal X_{_n} that is supplied from the signal source 22_{_n} to the input terminal T_IN is then supplied to the analog bus 42 through the resistive element 44 after its volume has been adjusted by the first adjuster 46.
The first adjuster 46 according to the first example also functions as a buffer amplifier that reduces an influence of the output impedance of the signal source 22_{_n}. As exemplified in FIG. 2, the second adjuster 48 is disposed on a path W_B situated between the analog bus 42 and the output terminal T_OUT, and is used to generate an audio signal Y_{_n} by adjustment of the volume of an audio signal Q supplied from the analog bus 42. More specifically, the second adjuster 48 is an amplifier that amplifies the audio signal Q by a variable gain G_{B_n}. The gain G_{B_n} of the second adjuster 48 is set as variable depending on how the operator P₂ of the signal processing device 10_{_n} is operated (the position to which the operator P₂ is rotated, i.e., the angle of rotation of the operator P₂). The audio signal Y_{_n} that has been
adjusted by the second adjuster 48 is output from the output terminal T_OUT to the sound emitting device 24_{_n}. The second adjuster 48 according
to the first example also functions as a headphone amplifier that cuts off
an electric current that flows from the analog bus 42 to the sound emitting device 24_{_n}. The first adjuster 46 and the second adjuster 48 are electrically operated by an electric current supplied from a battery contained inside the case 11, for example. However, it is also possible for the first adjuster 46 and the second adjuster 48 to be electrically operated by an electric current supplied from an external electric source.
FIG. 3 explains a relationship between audio signals X_{_n} (X_{_1} to X_{_N}) and audio signals Y_{_n} (Y_{_1} to Y_{_N}). As FIG. 3 exemplifies, a set-up where the analog buses 42 are interconnected across N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} is assumed. According to Kirchhoffs laws, an audio signal Q that arises in an analog bus 42 can be represented by the following mathematical expression (1) (V_MIX = G_{A_1}·X_{_1} +...... + G_{A_N}·X_{_N}). $\begin{array}{l} Q = (G_{A_1} \cdot X_{_1} + G_{A_2} \cdot X_{_2} + \dots + G_{A_N} \cdot X_{_N}) / N \\ = \frac{1}{N} V_{MIX} \end{array}$
Accordingly, the audio signal Y_{_n} output from the output terminal TOUT of the signal processing device 10_{_n} can be expressed by the following mathematical expression (2). $Y_{_n} = \frac{1}{N} G_{B_n} \cdot V_{MIX}$
As will be understood from the mathematical expression (1) and the mathematical expression (2), the audio signal Y_{_n} that consists of a mix of N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X N supplied from different signal sources 22_{_n} is output from the signal processing device 10_{_n} to the sound emitting device 24_{_n}.
Further, as will be understood from the mathematical expression (2), it is possible to control a volume ratio between the N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X_{_N} within the audio signal Y_{_n} by having the first adjuster 46 adjust the volume of the audio signal X_{_n}. As will also be understood from the mathematical expression (2), it is possible to adjust a volume of the audio signal Y_{_n} (i.e., the sound played by the sound emitting device 24_{_n}) while maintaining a volume ratio between the N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X N by having the second adjuster 48 adjust the volume.
As is explained above, according to the first example, the analog bus 42 is connected to another device through the connecting terminal T_C1 or the connecting terminal
T_C2, with the analog bus 42 being connected to the input terminal T_IN and the output terminal T_OUT. In this way, it is possible to generate, by use of a simple configuration, an audio signal Y_{_n} that consists of a mix of the N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X_{_N} that are supplied to the input terminals T_IN of different signal processing devices 10_{_n}, to supply the audio signal Y_{_n} to different sound emitting devices 24_{_n}.
When a configuration is assumed in which the resistance value of the resistive element 44 is sufficiently low (hereinafter, comparative example 2), the resistance components of a connecting cable 12 and connecting terminals T_C (T_C1 and T_C2) become relatively dominant, and as a result, it is possible that a volume ratio between the N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X_{_N} may be substantially influenced by the resistance components of the
connecting cable 12 and the connecting terminals T_C. In addition, in the configuration of comparative example 2, it is possible that an excessive electric current may flow from the output side of the first adjuster 46 of a signal processing device 10_{_n} into the output side of the first adjuster 46 of another device through an analog bus 42. Taking the foregoing into account, a preferable configuration is one in which the resistance element 44 of each signal processing device 10_{_n} has a sufficiently high resistance value, for example, a resistance value of 3.3kΩ. According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce an influence imparted to the volume ratio between the N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X_{_N} by the resistance components of the connecting cable 12 and the connecting terminals T_C. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of an excessive electric current that may flow via the analog bus 42.
Generally, in a set-up in which a plurality of audio devices such as mixers are interconnected, an input terminal of one audio device and an output terminal of another audio device must be connected. In the signal
processing device 10_{_n} according to the first example, no distinction is
made in different connecting terminals T_C between an input and an output, and therefore, other devices may be connected to any of the connecting terminal T_C1 and the connecting terminal T_C2. As a result, a connection error between signal processing devices 10_{_n} does not occur. Furthermore, since the signal processing device 10_{_n} is realized by analog
circuitry, the present example provides an advantage in that problems
such as signal delay and complication of circuitry, both due to AID conversion and D/A conversion, do not occur.

Second Example

Following is an explanation of the second example. In the first example, the
voltage of an audio signal Y_{_n} tends to decrease as the connection number N of signal processing devices 10_{_n} increases, as will be apparent from
the mathematical expression (1) stated above. The second example has a configuration for suppressing the decrease in voltage of an audio signal Y_{_n} against the increase of the connection number N. In the below-exemplified
examples and embodiment, the elements whose effects and functions are substantially the same as those according to the first example will be
assigned the same reference signs as those used in the explanation of the first example, and detailed explanation thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
FIG. 4 illustrates a configuration of a signal processing device 10_{_n}
according to the second example. As exemplified in FIG. 4, according to the second example, a resistive element 52 and a connection switcher 54
are connected to each of the connecting terminal T_C (T_C1 and T_C2) of the signal processing device 10_{_n}. The resistive element 52 (an example of a second resistive element) is an electric resistance with a resistance value R₂.
The connection switcher 54 is a switch for switching the electric connection (conduction or insulation) between the resistive element 52 and an analog bus 42. More specifically, the connection switcher 54 insulates the resistive element 52 from the analog bus 42 during a state of the end plug of a connection cable 12 being inserted in a connection terminal T_C of the signal processing device 10_{_n} (i.e., when another device is being
connected). During a state of when the end plug of a connection cable 12 not being inserted in a connection terminal T_C of the signal processing device 10_{_n} (i.e., when another device is not being connected), the connection switcher 54 electrically connects the resistive element 52 to the analog bus 42. For example, a publically known switch-attached jack realizes the connection switcher 54 between a connecting terminal T_C and the resistive element 52.
In FIG. 5, an example set up is illustrated where N signal processing
devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} according to the second example are connected in
series. The connecting terminal T_C1 of the signal processing device 10_{_1} and the connecting terminal T_C2 of the signal processing device 10_{_N} are in an open, separate state. Therefore, as exemplified in FIG. 5, the resistive element 52 is connected to the connecting terminal T_C1 of the signal processing device 10_{_1} and the connecting terminal T_C2 of the signal processing device 10_{_N}, whereas each of the other connecting terminals T_C are insulated from the corresponding resistive element 52. FIG. 6 illustrates an equivalent circuitry of FIG. 5. As will be understood from FIG. 6, the following mathematical expression is established by Kirchhoff s laws. The symbol R₁ stands for the resistance value of the resistive element 44. $\frac{1}{R_{1}} \{(G_{A_1} \cdot X_{_1} - Q) + (G_{A_2} \cdot X_{_2} - Q) + \dots + (G_{A_N} \cdot X_{_N} - Q)\} = \frac{2}{R_{2}} Q$
Accordingly an audio signal Q that is conveyed in the analog bus 42 is expressed by the following mathematical expression (3). $\begin{array}{l} Q = \frac{R_{2}}{2 R_{1} + N \cdot R_{2}} V_{MIX} \\ = \frac{1}{a + N} V_{MIX} \\ (R) \\ (_{1} = a \cdot R_{2} / 2) \end{array}$
As will be understood from the mathematical expression (3), in contrast to the first example, in the second example it is possible to suppress a decrease in a voltage of an audio signal Y_{_n} against an increase in the connection number N. For example, according to the first example, the amount of decrease in the voltage of the audio signal Y_{_n} is 12dB in a case where the connection number N is increased from two to eight. In contrast, in the second example, when a constant a is assumed to be 8 (R₁ = 4R₂), an amount of decrease in the voltage of the audio signal Y_{_n} can be suppressed to 4dB in a case where the connection number N is increased
from two to eight. It is of note that in the first example, it is possible to
compensate for a decrease in the volume of an audio signal Y_{_n} resulting from an increase in the connection number N, by adjusting the volume of the audio signal Y_{_n} by adjusting the operator P₂.

Embodiment

FIG. 7 is a plan view exemplifying an outer view of a signal processing device 10_{_n} according to the embodiment. As exemplified in FIG. 7, in the embodiment an operator P₃ is mounted to the case 11 of the signal processing device 10_{_n}, in addition to an operator P₁ and an operator P₂
as explained in the description of the first example. The operator P₃ is a knob that a user U_{_n} can freely rotate, similarly to the
operator P₁ and operator P₂.
FIG. 8 illustrates an electric configuration of the signal processing device 10 _{_n} according to the embodiment. As FIG. 8 exemplifies, the signal
processing device 10_{_n} according to the embodiment is configured such that a third adjuster 62 and a signal adder 64 are added to the
configuration of the first example. The third adjuster 62 and the signal
adder 64 operate by electricity supplied from a battery or an external electric source, similarly to the first adjuster 46 and the second adjuster 48.
The third adjuster 62 is disposed on a path W_C that branches from a path W_A that is between an input terminal T_IN and an analog bus 42. More specifically, the path W_C in FIG. 8 is a path that branches from a point between the first adjuster 46 and a resistive element 44, and it reaches the signal adder 64 without going through the analog bus 42. An audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the first adjuster 46 is supplied to the analog bus 42 via the resistive element 44 in substantially the same
manner as in the first example. In addition, it is supplied to the third
adjuster 62 via the path W_C. The third adjuster 62 adjusts the volume of the audio signal G_{A_}n·X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the first adjuster 46. An audio signal Z_{_n} that has been adjusted by the third adjuster 62 is supplied to the signal adder 64.
As exemplified in FIG. 8, the third adjuster 62 of the embodiment includes
a normal phase adjuster 622 and a reversed phase generator 623. The normal phase adjuster 622 and the reversed phase generator 623 are interconnected in parallel. The normal phase adjuster 622 adjusts the volume of the audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n}, which is supplied from the path W_A to the path W_C. More specifically, the normal phase adjuster 622 is an amplifier that amplifies the audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n} by a variable gain G_{Ca_n}. The gain G_{Ca_n} of the normal phase adjuster 622 is set as variable in accordance with how the operator P₃ is operated (the position to which the operator P₃ is rotated, i.e., the angle of rotation of the operator P₃).
The reversed phase generator 623 generates an audio signal the phase of which is a reversal of that of an audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n} (i.e., a signal the polarity of which is inverted). More specifically, the reversed phase generator 623 includes a phase inverter 624 and a reversed phase adjuster 626 as exemplified in FIG. 8. The phase inverter 624 inverts the phase of the audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n}. Any publically known technique may be freely selected for the phase inversion performed by the phase inverter 624. The reversed phase adjuster 626 adjusts the volume of an audio signal (-1)G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that has been inverted by the phase inverter 624. More specifically, the reversed phase adjuster 626 is an amplifier that amplifies the audio signal (-1)G_{A_n}·X_{_n} by a variable gain G_{Cb_n}. The gain G_{Cb_n} of the reversed phase adjuster 626 is set as variable in accordance with how the operator P₃ is operated (the angle to which the operator P₃ is rotated). More specifically, the gain G_{Ca_n} and the gain G_{Cb_n} are adjusted in conjunction with each other so that when either the gain G_{Ca_n} or the gain G_{Cb_n} increases, the other decreases. In other words, the volume ratio between the audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n} and its reversed phase component is adjusted by the normal phase adjuster 622 and the reversed phase adjuster 626. It is of note that it is possible to invert the order of the phase inversion by the phase inverter 624 and the volume adjustment by the reversed phase adjuster 626. As will be understood from the above explanation, the reversed phase generator 623 carries out phase inversion and volume adjustment with respect to the audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n}.
An audio signal Z_{_n} that is obtained by adding an audio signal G_{Ca_n}·G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the normal phase adjuster 622, and an audio signal G_{Cb_n}·(-1)G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the reversed phase adjuster 626 is supplied from the third adjuster 62 to the signal adder 64. Thus, the audio signal Z_{_n} is represented by the following mathematical expression (4). $Z_{_n} = G_{Ca_n} \cdot G_{A_n} \cdot X_{_n} + G_{Cb_n} \cdot (- 1) G_{A_n} \cdot X_{_n}$
The signal adder of FIG. 8 is disposed between the analog bus 42 and the output terminal T_OUT. The signal adder 64 generates an audio signal Y_{_N} (Y_{_N} = Q + Z_{_n}) by adding an audio signal Q supplied from the analog bus 42 and an audio signal Z_{_n} that has been adjusted by the third adjuster 62. In FIG. 8, the signal adder 64 is disposed between the analog bus 42 and the second adjuster 48, but the signal adder 64 may instead be disposed between the second adjuster 48 and the output terminal T_OUT.
When the gain G_{Ca_n} of the third adjuster 62 is set to be a small value (i.e., when the gain G_{Cb_n} is set to be a large value), as will be understood from the mathematical expression (4), the audio signal G_{Cb_n}·(-1)G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that is an inversion of the audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n} becomes relatively dominant within an audio signal Z_{_n}. Accordingly, an audio signal Y_{_n} is generated in which the signal components of the audio signal X_{_n} are suppressed within an audio signal Q that consists of a mix of N streams of audio signals X_{_1} to X_{_N}. On the other hand, when the gain G_{Ca_n} of the third adjuster 62 is set to be a large value (i.e., when the gain G_{Cb_n} is set to be a small value), as will be understood from the mathematical expression (4), the audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n} becomes relatively dominant within the audio signal Z_{_n}. Accordingly, an audio signal Y_{_n} is generated in which the signal components of the audio signal X_{_n} within the audio signal Q is emphasized. That is, the smaller the value to which the gain G_{Ca_n} is set, the greater the signal components of the audio signals X_{_n} within the audio signal Q are suppressed; and the larger the value to which the gain G_{Ca_n} is set, the greater the signal components of the audio signals X_{_n} within the audio signal Q are emphasized. Meanwhile, the audio signal Q that is common among the N signal processing devices 10_{_1} to 10_{_N} is not influenced by either the gain G_{Ca_n} or the gain G_{Cb_n}.
As will be understood from the above explanation, according to the third embodiment, it is possible to adjust the volume ratio of the audio signals X_{_n} inputted into the signal processing device 10_{_n} within the sound played by the signal processing device 10_{_n} (audio signal Y_{_n}) without influencing the sounds played by other devices. In other words, a user U_{_n} can selectively adjust a volume of his/her own performance sound by appropriately adjusting the operator P₃ while listening to the ensemble sound of music played together by N users U_{_1} to U_{_N} through the sound emitting device 24_{_n}.
In the above explanation, the embodiment is explained based on the configuration of the first example. However, it is also possible to adopt, to the embodiment, the configuration of the second
example in which a resistive element 52 and a connection switcher 54 are connected to each connection terminal T_C (T_C1 or T_C2).

Modifications

The above-mentioned examples may be modified in various ways. Specific modifications are described below. Any two or more modes freely selected from the following examples may be combined as appropriate in so far as they do not contradict each other.(1) In each of the above-mentioned
examples and embodiment, a signal processing device 10_{_n} that was given as an example includes two connection terminals T_C (T_C1 and T_C2). However, the number of connection terminals T_C of the signal processing device 10_{_n} is not limited thereto. For example, it is possible to mount three or more connection terminals T_C to a signal processing device 10_{_n}. For example, a maximum of three other devices may be connected to a signal processing device 10_{_n}, wherein the signal processing device 10_{_n} includes three connection terminals T_C.
It is also possible to mount a single connection terminal T_C to a signal processing device 10_{_n}. In a configuration in which a signal processing device 10_{_n} includes one connection terminal T_C, two signal processing devices 10 (10_{_1} and 10_{_2}) are connected by a single connection cable 12. A configuration in which a signal processing device 10_{_n} includes a plurality of connection terminals T_C, such as in the above-mentioned embodiments, enables a large number of signal processing devices 10_{_n} to be readily connected in series, as compared with a configuration in which a signal processing device 10_{_n} includes a single
connection terminal T_C. As exemplified in FIG. 9, it is also possible to interconnect three or more signal processing devices 10_{_n} each of which includes one connection terminal T_C by use of a connection cable 12 that branches into a plurality of ends.

(2) In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, connection cables 12 are used to connect different signal processing devices 10_{_n}, but the means of connecting the signal processing devices 10_{_n} is not limited to the previously presented examples. For example, by employing a connector in the form of a connection terminal T_C, it is possible to directly connect a connection terminal T_C of a signal processing device 10_{_n} and a connection terminal T_C of a signal processing device 10_{_n+1} to be in contact with each other as exemplified in FIG. 10.
(3) In the above-mentioned embodiments, a knob that may be rotated by a user U_{_n} is exemplified as an operator P, but the specific form of the operator P is not limited thereto. For example, it is also possible to provide a fader-type operator P that a user U_{_n} may slide linearly.

It is further possible to set an operator P₄ that adjusts a volume ratio (a direction of an audio image) between left and right stereo channels, for example. More specifically, as exemplified in FIG. 11, a right adjuster 49_R and a left adjuster 49_L are mounted to the signal processing device 10_{_n} according to each of the different embodiments as mentioned above. The right adjuster 49_R adjusts the volume of an audio signal X_{_n} of the right channel (R_ch), supplied from the signal source 22_{_n} to the input terminal T_IN ; and the left adjuster 49_L adjusts the volume of an audio signal X_{_n} of the left channel (L_ch), supplied from the signal source 22_{_n} to the input terminal T_IN. The respective gains of the right adjuster 49R and the left adjuster 49L are adjusted in accordance with operation of the operator P₄ (for example, the position to which the operator P₄ is rotated, i.e., the angle of rotation of the operator P₄). More specifically, the respective gains of the right adjuster 49R and the left adjuster 49L are adjusted in conjunction with each other so that when either of the gain of the right adjuster 49R or the gain of the left adjuster 49L increases, the other decreases. The audio signal X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the right adjuster 49_R is supplied to the first adjuster 46 of the right channel, and the audio signal X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the left adjuster 49L is supplied to the first adjuster 46 of the left channel. As will be understood from the above description, according to the configuration exemplified in FIG. 11, the volume ratio (i.e., the pan) between the audio signal X_{_n} of the right channel and the audio signal X_{_n} of the left channel are adjusted. (4) The configuration of the third
adjuster 62 according to the embodiment is not limited to the example in
FIG. 8. For example, it is also possible to use a third adjuster 62 that is configured as exemplified in FIG. 12. The third adjuster 62 of FIG. 12 includes a normal phase adjuster 622, a reversed phase generator 623, and a variable resistance 628. The functions of the normal phase adjuster 622 and the reversed phase generator 623 are substantially the same as those according to the embodiment. It is of note, however, that the gain G
_{Ca_n} of the normal phase adjuster 622 and the gain G_{Cb_n} of the reversed phase adjuster 626 are set as predetermined fixed values. Moreover, it is of further note that it is also possible to set as variable the gain G_{Ca_n} and the gain G_{Cb_n} according to an
instruction from a user, for example.
The variable resistance 628 is an element that sets as variable the mix ratio between an audio signal G_{Ca_n}·G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the normal phase adjuster 622 and an audio signal GC_{b_n}·(-1)G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that has been generated by the reversed phase generator 623. The resistance value changes in accordance with operation of the operator P₃ (the position to which the operator P₃ is rotated, i.e., the angle of rotation of the operator P₃). In other words, the mix ratio between the audio signal G_{Ca_n}·G_{A_n}·X_{_n} and the audio signal GC_{b_n}·(-1)G_{A_n}·X_{_n} within an audio signal Z_{_n} is set in accordance with operation of the operator P₃. More specifically, the variable resistance 628 includes a resistive element that is connected between the output end of the normal phase adjuster 622 and the output end of the reversed phase generator 623, and a contact point at which it comes in contact with the resistive element. The position of the contact point with the resistive element changes in accordance with operation of the operator P₃. Accordingly, an audio signal Z_{_n} is generated at the contact point, the audio signal Z_{_n} being a result of an audio signal G_{Ca_n}·G_{A_n}·X_{_n} and an audio signal G_{Cb_n}·(-1)G_{A_n}·X_{_n} being mixed at a mix ratio corresponding to the position of the contact point. Thus, a generated audio signal Z_{_n} is supplied from the contact point to the signal
adder 64. As a result, in the configuration of FIG. 12, just as in the
embodiment, it is possible to selectively adjust a volume of the performance sound of the subject user U_{_n} from among the playback sound (an audio signal Y_{_n}) of a signal processing device 10_{_n} without influencing the audio signal Q generated in an analog bus 42 (i.e., the playback sound of other devices).
The third adjuster 62 exemplified in FIG. 12 functions as an amplifier that amplifies an audio signal G_{A_n}·X_{_n} supplied to a path W_C by a gain G_{C_n}. The gain G_{C_n} of the third adjuster 62 can be set as variable within a range from a minimum value being -G_{Cb_n} to a maximum value being G_{Ca_n}, inclusive (-G_{Cb_n} ≦ G_{C_n} ≦ G_{Ca_n}), in accordance with how the operator P₃ is operated. Where the gain G_{C_n} is a positive number (G_{C_n} > 0), an audio signal Y_{_n} is generated in which the signal component of an audio signal X_{_n} within an audio signal Q (i.e., the performance sound of the subject user U_{_n}) is selectively emphasized. On the other hand, where the gain G_{C_n} is a negative number (G_{C_n} < 0), an audio signal Y_{_n} is generated in which the signal component of an audio signal X_{_n} within an audio signal Q is selectively suppressed.
As FIG. 13 exemplifies, a switch 629, instead of the variable resistance 628, may be mounted that causes either of the audio signal G_{Ca_n}·G_{A_n}·X_{_n} that has been adjusted by the normal phase adjuster 622 and the audio signal G_{Cb_n}· (-1)G_{A_n}· X_{_n} that has been generated by the reversed phase generator 623 to be selected and outputted as an audio signal Z_{_n}. The switch 629 of FIG. 13 is controlled, for example in accordance with a user's operation, to select the output of the normal phase adjuster 622, or to select the output of the reversed phase generator 623.
(5) The reversed phase generator 623 (the phase inverter 624 and the reversed phase adjuster 626) in the third adjuster 62 exemplified in FIG. 8, FIG. 12, or FIG. 13 may be omitted. For example, in a case in which the third adjuster 62 is configured solely by the normal phase adjuster 622, it is possible to adjust the degree of emphasis of an audio signal X_{_n} according to the gain G_{Ca_n}, although it is not possible to selectively suppress the signal component of the audio signal X_{_n} within the audio signal Y_{_n}. Alternatively, the normal phase adjuster 622 of FIG. 8, FIG. 12, or FIG. 13 may be omitted. Furthermore, although in FIG. 8, FIG. 12, and FIG. 13, the third adjuster 62 is mounted in the path W_C that branches from a path between the first adjuster 46 and the resistive element 44, the third adjuster 62 may be mounted in a path W_C that branches from a path between an input terminal T_IN and the first adjuster 46.(6) In the configurations exemplified in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7, the input terminal T_IN and the output terminal T_OUT are mounted to one side of the case 11, the connecting terminal T_C1 is mounted to the left side of the case 11, and the connecting terminal T_C2 is mounted to the right side of the case 11. However the positions of the plurality of terminals (T_IN, T_OUT, T_C1, and T_C2) are not limited to these examples. For example, the connecting terminal T_C1, the connecting terminal T_C2, and the output terminal T_OUT may be mounted to one side of the case 11 and the input terminal T_IN to another side.
The following configurations may be envisaged from the examples and embodiment described above. That is, a signal processing device
according to an aspect of the present invention (the first aspect) includes a plurality of connecting terminals each connected to respective ones of a plurality of other signal processing devices that are different from the subject signal processing device, from among the plurality of signal processing devices; an analog bus connected to the plurality of connecting terminals; an input terminal connected to the analog bus and that accepts an input of a first audio signal; and an output terminal connected to the analog bus and that outputs a second audio signal to a sound emitting device.
According to the first aspect, an analog bus that is connected to an input terminal and an output terminal is connected to a different signal processing device through a connecting terminal. As a result, with a simple configuration it is possible to generate a second audio signal in which a plurality of first audio signals inputted into different signal processing devices are mixed, and output the second audio signal to a sound emitting device.
In the first aspect, each of the plurality of connecting terminals is connected to a different signal processing device. Accordingly, a relatively large number of signal processing devices can be connected as compared with a configuration in which a signal processing device has only one connecting terminal. A configuration that additionally includes a first resistive element that is disposed between an input terminal and an analog bus is also preferable.
A signal processing device according to a preferable example of the first aspect includes a first adjuster disposed between the input terminal and the analog bus, and that adjusts the volume of the first audio signal. According to this preferable example, the first adjuster adjusts the volume of the first audio signal, and thus it is possible to control the volume ratio between a plurality of first audio signals within the second audio signal.
A signal processing device according to another preferable example of the first aspect includes a second adjuster disposed between the analog bus and the output terminal, and that generates a second audio signal by adjusting the volume of an audio signal supplied from the analog bus. According to this preferable example, the second audio signal is generated by adjusting the volume of the audio signal supplied from the analog bus, and thus it is possible to adjust the volume of the second audio signal while maintaining the volume ratio between the plurality of first audio signals.
The signal processing device according to still yet another preferable example of the first aspect includes a second resistive element arranged in correspondence to each of the plurality of connecting terminals; and a connection switcher arranged with respect to the second resistive element, and the connection switcher in a case in which any one of the plurality of other signal processing devices is connected to any one of the plurality of connecting terminals, insulates from the analog bus a second resistive element of the plurality of second resistive elements that corresponds to the connected one of the connecting terminals; and in a case in which none of the plurality of other signal processing devices is connected to one of the plurality of connecting terminals that corresponds to the second resistive element, connects the second resistive element to the analog bus. According to this preferable example, the second resistive element is insulated from the analog bus when another signal processing device is connected to a connection terminal, while the second resistive element is connected to the analog bus when no other signal processing device is connected to the connecting terminal. As a result, a decrease in voltage of the second audio signal can be suppressed, relative to an increase in the number of signal processing devices connected.
The signal processing device according to still yet another preferable example of the first aspect includes: a third adjuster that adjusts a volume of an audio signal supplied to a path branched from a path between the input terminal and the analog bus; and a signal adder disposed between the analog bus and the output terminal and that adds an audio signal supplied from the analog bus and the audio signal that has been adjusted by the third adjuster, and the third adjuster includes a reversed phase generator that performs phase inversion and volume adjustment with respect to the audio signal. According to this preferable example, the audio signal supplied from the analog bus and the audio signal that has been adjusted by the reversed phase generator of the third adjuster are added together, the adjustment being made in the direction in which the volume of the audio signal of the subject device is suppressed. As a result, it is possible to selectively suppress the volume of the audio signal of the subject device within the second audio signal, without influencing the audio signals of the analog buses extending across the plurality of signal processing devices.
With respect to the signal processing device according to still yet another preferable example of the first aspect, the third adjuster further includes a normal phase adjuster connected in parallel with the reversed phase generator and that adjusts a volume of the audio signal, and the third adjuster causes a gain set by the reversed phase generator and a gain set by the normal phase adjuster to change in conjunction with each other, so that when either of a gain of the reversed phase generator or a gain of the normal phase adjuster increases, the other decreases. In this preferable example, the volume of the subject device is adjusted in a direction in which the volume is either suppressed or emphasized against the audio signal supplied from the analog bus, in accordance with the ratio between the gain of the reversed phase generator and the gain of the normal phase adjuster. Accordingly, it is possible to selectively adjust the volume of the audio signal of the subject device within the second audio signal without influencing the audio signals of the analog buses extending across a plurality of signal processing devices.
With respect to a signal processing device according to still yet another preferable example of the first aspect, the third adjuster further includes a normal phase adjuster connected in parallel with the reversed phase generator and that adjusts a volume of the audio signal; and a variable resistance connected between an output end of the reversed phase generator and an output end of the normal phase adjuster, and that sets as variable a mix ratio between an audio signal outputted from the reversed phase generator and an audio signal outputted from the normal phase adjuster. In this preferable example, the volume of the subject device is adjusted in a direction in which the volume is either suppressed or emphasized against the audio signal supplied from the analog bus, in accordance with the mix ratio between the audio signal outputted from the reversed phase generator and the audio signal outputted from the normal phase adjuster. Accordingly, it is possible to selectively adjust the volume of the audio signal of the subject device within the second audio signal without influencing the audio signals of the analog buses extending across a plurality of signal processing devices.
With respect to the signal processing device according to still yet another preferable example of the first aspect, the third adjuster further includes a normal phase adjuster connected in parallel with the reversed phase generator; and a switch that selectively outputs either one of an audio signal outputted from the reversed phase generator and an audio signal outputted from the normal phase adjuster. In this preferable example, the volume of the subject device is adjusted in a direction in which the volume is either suppressed or emphasized against the audio signal supplied from the analog bus, in accordance with either the audio signal outputted from the reversed phase generator or the audio signal outputted from the normal phase adjuster. Accordingly, it is possible to selectively adjust the volume of the audio signal of the subject device within the second audio signal without influencing the audio signals of the analog buses extending across a plurality of signal processing devices.
A sound processing system according to another aspect of the present invention (the second aspect) includes a plurality of signal processing devices according to any one of the preferable examples of the first aspect as exemplified above. More specifically, the sound processing system according to the second aspect is a sound processing system that includes a plurality of separate signal processing devices, and each of the plurality of signal processing devices includes: a plurality of connecting terminals each connected to respective ones of a plurality of other signal processing devices that are different from the subject signal processing device, from among the plurality of signal processing devices; an analog bus connected to the plurality of connecting terminals; an input terminal connected to the analog bus and that accepts an input of a first audio signal; and an output terminal connected to the analog bus and that outputs a second audio signal to a sound emitting device.

Description of Reference Signs

100... audio processing system, 10_{_n} (10_{_1} to 10__N)... signal processing device, 11... case, 12...connecting cable, 22_{_n} (22_{_1} to 22_{_N})... signal source, 24_{_n} (24_{_1} to 24_{_N})... sound emitting device, 42 ... analog bus, 44 ... resistive element (first resistive element), 46 ...first adjuster, 48... second adjuster, 49_R... right adjuster, 49_L... left adjuster, 52... resistive element (second resistive element), 54... connection switcher, 62... third adjuster, 622... normal phase adjuster, 623... reversed phase generator, 624... phase inverter, 626... reversed phase adjuster, 628... variable resistance, 629... switch, 64... signal adder.

Claims

A signal processing device (11) comprising:
a plurality of connecting terminals (TC1, TC2), each of which is connectable to respective ones of a plurality of other signal processing devices that are different from the subject signal processing device;

an analog bus (42) connected to the plurality of connecting terminals;

an input terminal (T_IN) connected to the analog bus and that accepts an input of a first audio signal; and

an output terminal (T_OUT) connected to the analog bus and that outputs a second audio signal to a sound emitting device,

characterized in that the signal processing device further comprises:
a first adjuster (62) that adjusts a volume of an audio signal supplied to a path branched from a path between the input terminal and the analog bus; and

a signal adder (64) disposed between the analog bus and the output terminal and that adds an audio signal supplied from the analog bus and the audio signal that has been adjusted by the first adjuster,

wherein the first adjuster includes a reversed phase generator (623) that performs inversion of a phase and the adjustment of a volume with respect to the audio signal.
The signal processing device according to claim 1,
wherein the first adjuster further comprises a normal phase adjuster connected in parallel with the reversed phase generator and that adjusts a volume of the audio signal, and

wherein the first adjuster causes a gain set by the reversed phase generator and a gain set by the normal phase adjuster to change in conjunction with each other, so that when either of a gain of the reversed phase generator or a gain of the normal phase adjuster increases, the other decreases.
The signal processing device according to claim 1,
wherein the first adjuster further comprises:
a normal phase adjuster connected in parallel with the reversed phase generator and that adjusts a volume of the audio signal; and

a variable resistance connected between an output end of the reversed phase generator and an output end of the normal phase adjuster, and that sets as variable a mix ratio between an audio signal outputted from the reversed phase generator and an audio signal outputted from the normal phase adjuster.
The signal processing device according to claim 1,
wherein the first adjuster further comprises:
a normal phase adjuster connected in parallel with the reversed phase generator; and

a switch that selectively outputs either one of an audio signal outputted from the reversed phase generator and an audio signal outputted from the normal phase adjuster.
The signal processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a resistive element disposed between the input terminal and the analog bus.
The signal processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a second adjuster disposed between the input terminal and the analog bus and that adjusts a volume of the first audio signal.
The signal processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a second adjuster disposed between the analog bus and the output terminal and that generates the second audio signal by adjusting a volume of an audio signal that is supplied from the analog bus.
The signal processing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:
respective resistive elements arranged in respective correspondence with each of the plurality of connecting terminals; and

a connection switcher arranged with respect to the resistive elements,

wherein the connection switcher, in a case in which any one of the plurality of other signal processing devices is connected to any one of the plurality of connecting terminals, insulates from the analog bus the respective resistive element that corresponds to the connected one of the connecting terminals, and in a case in which none of the plurality of other signal processing devices is connected to one of the plurality of connecting terminals that corresponds to the respective resistive elements, connects the respective resistive elements to the analog bus.
A sound processing system comprising a plurality of separate signal processing devices according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein connecting terminals of the signal processing devices are connected to respective other signal processing devices among the plurality of signal processing devices.