EP3241970A1 - Theft protection device - Google Patents

Theft protection device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3241970A1
EP3241970A1 EP17169147.0A EP17169147A EP3241970A1 EP 3241970 A1 EP3241970 A1 EP 3241970A1 EP 17169147 A EP17169147 A EP 17169147A EP 3241970 A1 EP3241970 A1 EP 3241970A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
values
protection
attack
thermal
objects
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17169147.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frédéric GUEZOU
Alexandre Lamure
Erwan Marsaud
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oberthur Cash Protection SA
Original Assignee
Oberthur Cash Protection SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oberthur Cash Protection SA filed Critical Oberthur Cash Protection SA
Publication of EP3241970A1 publication Critical patent/EP3241970A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05G—SAFES OR STRONG-ROOMS FOR VALUABLES; BANK PROTECTION DEVICES; SAFETY TRANSACTION PARTITIONS
    • E05G1/00—Safes or strong-rooms for valuables
    • E05G1/14—Safes or strong-rooms for valuables with means for masking or destroying the valuables, e.g. in case of theft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of devices for protection against break-ins or attempted break-ins of a secure container containing valuables and / or valuables.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a device combining two principles of value protection, on the one hand by thermal etching and on the other hand by smearing.
  • the evoked values and / or valuables consist of at least one base material, most often coated with an outer protective layer, for example in the form of a varnish.
  • an outer protective layer makes it possible to ensure the durability of the values and / or documents, in particular by guaranteeing good resistance to water and dirt.
  • the values that we seek to protect are fiduciary values (paper money, banknotes) that can be of the "paper”, “polymer” or “hybrid” type, or official documents such as certificates. Their appearance is therefore that of leaves.
  • the evoked values consist of a stack of layers: base layer, opacifying layer, security layer, printed ink, etc.
  • Other devices use substances that can durably mark the values and / or objects targeted, leaving at least one primary deposit (the substance is absorbed or binds directly to the object, without modification of its nature) or secondary (the substance reacts on contact with the object to be stained, and smearing is done through the product of the reaction). In all cases, it is important that the values and / or objects to be stained have a sufficient capacity for absorption of said smearing substances.
  • the protection techniques mentioned earlier are usually used separately, since it is for example not useful to stain burnt and / or fragmented residues.
  • a protective layer and / or polymer affects the use of staining substances to protect said values and / or objects.
  • said protective layer confers inter alia a smoother finish on the surface of the values and / or objects, as well as, most often, properties of hydrophobicity and / or lipophobicity.
  • the smearing substances are less effective, or at least the time required for their satisfactory effect to be lengthened. This is a real disadvantage when one seeks to protect values and / or objects effectively and quickly against external aggression.
  • the document is known WO2013127715A2 concerning security documents partially covered with a protective varnish and comprising one or more untreated areas.
  • a smearing substance can easily be introduced into the document at the level of the unglazed areas.
  • the varnishing step of such documents is complex, which can cause manufacturing defects, and necessarily implies an additional cost to the production.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a device associating different means for protecting values and / or valuable objects. These are placed in a container which is then closed. The protection against possible aggressions (attempted break-in, theft) is ensured by the combined action of a smearing substance and a thermal attack.
  • the invention thus relates to a device for the protection against theft or attempted theft of valuables and / or valuables, consisting of a container provided with protection means comprising at least one means for thermal attack of said values. and / or objects, at least one maculation means thereof, and at least one means for triggering said thermal etching and staining means capable of initiating a procedure for securing said values and / or objects when an attack of the container is detected, remarkable in that said thermal drive means is capable of generating a reversible alteration of at least one constituent of each of said values by causing an increase in the internal temperature of said container to an attack temperature T is between 50 ° C and 150 ° C, said means for staining being capable of interacting with at least said altered component, said device for the protection of values being set, during its manufacture, in order to better adapt the protection conditions of the values and / or objects to be protected and that its means of protection generate an alteration that preserves the means of identification of said values a posteriori.
  • state transition temperature means the temperature from which at least one layer constituting said values and / or objects has its physico-chemical properties (elasticity, permeability, solubility / sensitivity to solvents, etc.) significantly modified. , reversibly, said layer being able to retain its shape, its appearance beyond said state transition temperature in the absence of mechanical stresses and to recover its original properties once the temperature at which it is exposed will be lowered below said state transition temperature.
  • the term "irreversible degradation temperature” the temperature from which at least one layer constituting said values and / or objects sees its physico-chemical properties irremediably changed and / or is itself visibly irremediably changed, for example because it is melted, dislocated or calcined and therefore will not regain its original shape and / or properties simply by cooling once the thermal attack is complete.
  • Said smearing substance may, depending on the variant used, be independent (means separate from the means dedicated to the thermal attack, and acting simultaneously or not to the latter), or combined with said thermal attack means (single means ensuring the two functions : thermal attack and smearing). In all cases, there is synergy between the two means, the means at the origin of the thermal attack allowing a better marking of the values by the means of maculation.
  • the mode of action and / or the course of said thermal attack and / or smearing are provided in such a way as not to cause difficulties in identifying values and / or valuables afterwards when they are found. by the authorities or by their owner, that is to say once the implementation of said means of protection is completed and the values and / or objects are again at room temperature.
  • the thermal attack is controlled so as to weaken at least one of the constituent layers of each of the values to be protected.
  • the one or more compounds are initially contained in one or more separate tanks, the contents of which are expelled, simultaneously or not, into the container via the triggering means, following the detection of a breaking in.
  • the triggering means comprise at least one means for detecting a possible attempted break-in.
  • reversible alteration is meant that the values are subjected to a rise in temperature during a given time interval t m during which the properties of at least one of the constituent layers are modified (chemical, mechanical, permeability, intramolecular ...), then during cooling said values resume their initial properties.
  • said staining means is chosen so as to avoid or limit its release by the values once these are returned to ambient temperature.
  • said maculation means is capable of interacting with at least one constituent material of said values, that is to say that it is capable of penetrating, binding and / or reacting at least in and or with said constituent material.
  • said staining means is able to interact with at least the material constitutive altered (with at least the altered layers) of said values, that is to say that it is able to penetrate, bind and / or react at least in and / or with the altered constituent material (s) ( with at least the weathered layer (s)).
  • said staining means is able to interact with at least the altered constituent material of said values during the time interval t m .
  • a maculation means capable of interacting at any time (before and / or during and / or after the thermal attack occurring during the time interval t m ) with at least one constitutive material (altered or not) of said values is possible.
  • Said thermal etching means and said maculation means are selected so as to act synergistically, i.e., the thermal etching facilitates the permeation of the staining means in said altered layer and / or allows the means maculation to cross or at least partially eliminate the barrier that is the altered layer to reach and smudge the more internal layers or values.
  • the maculation means has, for example, kinetics of action (penetration into the values, chemical reaction, etc.) improved compared with its isolated action, and / or its action is controllable because of the synergy that it maintains with said means. thermal attack.
  • controllable kinetics means that the choice of an attack temperature T has given, for example by the election of a particular ratio between the chemical compounds involved in the thermal attack means, or by the selection of a particular intensity / voltage pair in the physical heat-etching means enables the prediction and control of the kinetics of action of the staining means. There is thus a control and / or regulation of the staining means by the thermal attack means.
  • the state transition temperature advantageously corresponds to the glass transition temperature
  • the irreversible degradation temperature advantageously corresponds, if relevant (eg in the case of semi-crystalline polymers), at the melting temperature (liquid flow).
  • a polymer At such a temperature (or in such a temperature range) a polymer is in its rubbery state, in which its chains appear flexible (local mobility) but the flow is prohibited. In this state, the properties of the polymer (for example its permeability, its sorption capacity) are modified, compared with the vitreous state. The transition from the vitreous state to the rubbery state is reversible, especially in the absence of external mechanical stresses.
  • said thermal drive means makes it possible to bring the internal temperature of said attack temperature container T to within a range of 50 ° C. to 150 ° C., and preferably 80 ° to 130 ° C.
  • At least one layer of said values and / or objects becomes more sensitive to the action of the staining means and / or sees its chemical properties and / or physical evolve (reversibly) under the influence of temperature rise.
  • the device is parameterized during its manufacture, before its use or can be parameterized via a parameterization device.
  • the user can set one or more variables among which: the attack temperature, the quantity of products released in the container, in order to better adapt the protection conditions of the values and / or objects to be protected .
  • the target temperature range can be adjusted to selectively affect one or more particular layers of said values and / or objects.
  • said protection means generate an alteration which preserves the identification means of said values such as: inscriptions, serial numbers, transparency zones, etc.
  • said maculation means is in the liquid state, and chosen for example (in a non-limiting manner) from the group comprising indelible dyes, the solutions comprising odorous, biological, fluorescent markers or nanoparticles.
  • said maculation means is in the gaseous state, and consists for example of a suspension of markers in an oxygenated gas mixture.
  • the thermal attack means is a physical means and comprises for example at least one element driver, capable of generating heat, connected to at least one power source.
  • said thermal etching means is of a chemical nature, and comprises at least one reagent capable of being involved in an exothermic chemical reaction.
  • the exothermic reaction occurs when said heat etching means is contacted with said staining means.
  • a polymerization reaction when there is an exothermic reaction, this is the result of a polymerization reaction. It may be a polycondensation or preferably a chain polymerization.
  • a particularly preferred example of a polymerase chain reaction is to react one or more polyols with one or more isocyanates to obtain a polyurethane foam.
  • such a polymerization reaction is advantageously employed in a device according to the invention, not only by its exothermic nature, but also because the obtained product forms a coherent medium able to solidify around the values (in contact with them or not) and constitutes an additional means (in addition to thermal etching and staining) for protecting said values and / or objects.
  • an aqueous compound can be used in combination with oxides, strong acids or bases, or an alcohol / acid combination such as than methanol / nitric acid.
  • Another possibility is the use of a cyanoacrylate / activator combination.
  • said heat attack means or the product resulting from a reaction implementing it, can be kept apart, for example in a specific compartment in the case of liquid products or gaseous, or separated from a safety distance in the case of a physical medium, so that on the one hand it does not come into contact with the values to be protected and on the other hand the values are subject to the thermal radiation released.
  • the device may have a distribution circuit of the staining means.
  • a first quantity of said staining means can be brought into contact with the values on the one hand, and a second quantity can be brought into contact with said thermal attack means independently.
  • the opposite option is also conceivable.
  • the means for triggering the thermal etching and staining means are activated when an attempted burglary is detected at the container.
  • the use of a single trigger means or an individual trigger means for each means of protection values is possible.
  • the one or more means for triggering said thermal etching and staining means can synchronize the release in said container of the means of protection. values, or delay the successive release of said means.
  • the thermal etching means is advantageously released first.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to protect values and / or objects against burglary and guarantees the preservation of an identification a posteriori.

Landscapes

  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour la protection contre le vol ou la tentative de vol de valeurs et/ou objets de valeur, constitué d'un conteneur muni de moyens de protection comprenant au moins un moyen d'attaque thermique desdits valeurs et/ou objets, au moins un moyen de maculation de ceux-ci, et au moins un moyen de déclenchement desdits moyens d'attaque thermique et de maculation apte à enclencher une procédure de sécurisation desdites valeurs et/ou objets lorsqu'une agression du conteneur est détectée, remarquable en ce que ledit moyen d'attaque thermique est apte à engendrer une altération réversible des propriétés physico-chimiques d'au moins un constituant de chacune desdites valeurs en provoquant une augmentation de la température interne dudit conteneur durant un intervalle de temps t m jusqu'à une température d'attaque T a comprise entre 50°C et 150°C, ledit moyen de maculation étant apte à interagir au cours de l'intervalle de temps t m avec au moins ledit constituant altéré, ledit dispositif pour la protection de valeurs étant paramétré, lors de sa fabrication, afin d'adapter au mieux les conditions de protection des valeurs et/ou objets à protéger et pour que ses moyens de protection engendrent une altération qui préserve les moyens d'identification desdites valeurs a postériori.The invention relates to a device for the protection against theft or attempted theft of values and / or valuable objects, consisting of a container provided with protection means comprising at least one means of thermal attack of said values and / or objects, at least one means for staining thereof, and at least one triggering means of said thermal etching and maculation means adapted to initiate a procedure for securing said values and / or objects when an attack of the container is detected , characterized in that said thermal etching means is capable of generating a reversible deterioration of the physico-chemical properties of at least one constituent of each of said values by causing an increase in the internal temperature of said container during a time interval tm up to at an attack temperature T is between 50 ° C and 150 ° C, said staining means being able to interact during the time interval tm with m oins said corrupted component, said device for the protection of values being set, during its manufacture, in order to better adapt the protection conditions of the values and / or objects to be protected and for its protection means to generate an alteration that preserves means for identifying said values a posteriori.

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention concerne le domaine des dispositifs de protection contre les effractions ou tentatives d'effraction d'un conteneur sécurisé contenant des valeurs et/ou objets de valeur.The present invention relates to the field of devices for protection against break-ins or attempted break-ins of a secure container containing valuables and / or valuables.

L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un dispositif alliant deux principes de protection des valeurs, d'une part par attaque thermique et d'autre part par maculage.The invention relates more particularly to a device combining two principles of value protection, on the one hand by thermal etching and on the other hand by smearing.

Technique antérieurePrior art

De manière évidente, les valeurs et/ou objets de valeur évoqués sont constitués d'au moins un matériau de base, le plus souvent enrobé d'une couche externe de protection, par exemple sous forme d'un vernis. Une telle couche externe de protection permet d'assurer la durabilité des valeurs et/ou documents, notamment en garantissant une bonne résistance à l'eau et aux salissures.Evidently, the evoked values and / or valuables consist of at least one base material, most often coated with an outer protective layer, for example in the form of a varnish. Such an outer protective layer makes it possible to ensure the durability of the values and / or documents, in particular by guaranteeing good resistance to water and dirt.

Le plus souvent, les valeurs que l'on cherche à protéger sont des valeurs fiduciaires (papier monnaie, billets de banque) qui peuvent être de type « papier », « polymère », ou encore « hybrides », ou des documents officiels tels que des certificats. Leur apparence est donc celle de feuilles. Dans ce cas, les valeurs évoquées sont constituées d'un empilement de couches : couche de base, couche opacifiante, couche de sécurité, encre imprimée...In most cases, the values that we seek to protect are fiduciary values (paper money, banknotes) that can be of the "paper", "polymer" or "hybrid" type, or official documents such as certificates. Their appearance is therefore that of leaves. In this case, the evoked values consist of a stack of layers: base layer, opacifying layer, security layer, printed ink, etc.

Pour une question de sémantique, dans la suite de ce document, dans le cas de valeurs dont l'aspect général est celui d'une feuille, une « couche » est assimilée à un matériau (un constituant) global à part entière (par exemple, l'encre d'impression, bien que constituée de multiples composants, est vue comme un matériau unique).For a question of semantics, in the following of this document, in the case of values whose general appearance is that of a sheet, a "layer" is assimilated to a material (a constituent) global in its own right (for example , the printing ink, although composed of multiple components, is seen as a single material).

Afin de protéger de telles valeurs et/ou objets de valeur, les dispositifs actuels font appel des techniques consistant à les dégrader de manière irréversible en les brûlant thermiquement ou chimiquement (par exemple à l'aide d'acides ou de bases fortes), ou en les maculant.In order to protect such values and / or objects from Current devices use the techniques of irreversibly degrading them by burning them thermally or chemically (for example with the aid of acids or strong bases), or staining them.

Ainsi on connait des dispositifs, tel que décrit par exemple dans la demande de brevet WO1998010163A1 , munis de systèmes explosifs ou de circuits chauffants qui, une fois déclenchés vont brûler les valeurs, la chaleur engendrée pouvant dépasser les 1000°C. De telles solutions sont particulièrement efficaces, mais présentent un inconvénient majeur, puisqu'ils rendent impossible l'identification et/ou la réutilisation postérieure des valeurs endommagées, ce qui peut par exemple nuire à l'indemnisation du propriétaire desdites valeurs par son assurance.Thus known devices, as described for example in the patent application WO1998010163A1 , equipped with explosive systems or heating circuits which, once triggered will burn the values, the heat generated may exceed 1000 ° C. Such solutions are particularly effective, but have a major disadvantage, since they make it impossible to identify and / or later reuse damaged values, which can for example affect the compensation of the owner of said values by his insurance.

D'autres dispositifs mettent en oeuvre des substances susceptibles de marquer durablement les valeurs et/ou objets ciblés, en laissant au moins un dépôt primaire (la substance est absorbée ou se lie directement à l'objet, sans modification de sa nature) ou secondaire (la substance réagit au contact de l'objet à maculer, et le maculage se fait par l'intermédiaire du produit de la réaction). Dans tous les cas, il est important que les valeurs et/ou objets à maculer présentent une capacité suffisante d'absorption desdites substances de maculage.Other devices use substances that can durably mark the values and / or objects targeted, leaving at least one primary deposit (the substance is absorbed or binds directly to the object, without modification of its nature) or secondary (the substance reacts on contact with the object to be stained, and smearing is done through the product of the reaction). In all cases, it is important that the values and / or objects to be stained have a sufficient capacity for absorption of said smearing substances.

Lorsque les objets de valeur sont des bijoux par exemple, l'emploi d'une substance de maculage seule n'est pas adaptée car sans effet. Des dispositifs aptes à former brusquement un milieu de protection cohérent autour de tels objets de valeur sont actuellement disponibles, et visent à interdire ou tout au moins rendre difficile l'accès aux objets lorsque le conteneur a été forcé. Néanmoins, il est toujours possible pour le voleur de prendre le temps et les moyens nécessaires pour accéder auxdits objets.When valuables are jewels for example, the use of a smearing substance alone is not suitable because it has no effect. Devices capable of suddenly forming a coherent protection medium around such valuable objects are currently available, and are intended to prohibit or at least make it difficult to access objects when the container has been forced. Nevertheless, it is still possible for the thief to take the time and the means necessary to access said objects.

Les techniques de protection évoquées auparavant sont usuellement employées séparément, puisqu'il se révèle par exemple peu utile de maculer des résidus brûlés et/ou fragmentés. Egalement, on comprend que la présence d'une couche de protection et/ou de polymère affecte l'utilisation de substances de maculage pour protéger lesdites valeurs et/ou objets. En effet, ladite couche de protection confère entre autres une finition plus lisse à la surface des valeurs et/ou objets, ainsi que, le plus souvent, des propriétés d'hydrophobicité et/ou de lipophobicité. De ce fait, les substances de maculage voient leur efficacité amoindrie, ou tout au moins le temps nécessaire pour que leur effet soit satisfaisant se trouve allongé. Il s'agit d'un réel inconvénient lorsque l'on cherche à protéger efficacement et rapidement des valeurs et/ou objets contre une agression extérieure.The protection techniques mentioned earlier are usually used separately, since it is for example not useful to stain burnt and / or fragmented residues. Also, it is understood that the presence of a protective layer and / or polymer affects the use of staining substances to protect said values and / or objects. Indeed, said protective layer confers inter alia a smoother finish on the surface of the values and / or objects, as well as, most often, properties of hydrophobicity and / or lipophobicity. As a result, the smearing substances are less effective, or at least the time required for their satisfactory effect to be lengthened. This is a real disadvantage when one seeks to protect values and / or objects effectively and quickly against external aggression.

Afin de remédier à ces inconvénients, on connait le document WO2013127715A2 qui concerne des documents de sécurité partiellement recouverts d'un vernis protecteur et comprenant une ou plusieurs zones non traitées. Avec de tels documents, une substance de maculage peut s'introduire aisément dans le document, au niveau des zones non vernies. Néanmoins, l'étape de vernissage de tels documents est complexe, ce qui peut engendrer des défauts de fabrication, et implique nécessairement un surcoût à la production.In order to remedy these drawbacks, the document is known WO2013127715A2 concerning security documents partially covered with a protective varnish and comprising one or more untreated areas. With such documents, a smearing substance can easily be introduced into the document at the level of the unglazed areas. However, the varnishing step of such documents is complex, which can cause manufacturing defects, and necessarily implies an additional cost to the production.

Exposé de l'inventionPresentation of the invention

La présente invention vise à pallier les inconvénients précités, en proposant un dispositif associant différents moyens de protection de valeurs et/ou objets de valeur. Ceux-ci sont placés dans un conteneur qui est ensuite fermé. La protection contre les agressions éventuelles (tentative d'effraction, vol) est assurée par l'action combinée d'une substance de maculage et d'une attaque thermique.The present invention aims to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a device associating different means for protecting values and / or valuable objects. These are placed in a container which is then closed. The protection against possible aggressions (attempted break-in, theft) is ensured by the combined action of a smearing substance and a thermal attack.

L'invention concerne de ce fait un dispositif pour la protection contre le vol ou la tentative de vol de valeurs et/ou objets de valeur, constitué d'un conteneur muni de moyens de protection comprenant au moins un moyen d'attaque thermique desdits valeurs et/ou objets, au moins un moyen de maculation de ceux-ci, et au moins un moyen de déclenchement desdits moyens d'attaque thermique et de maculation apte à enclencher une procédure de sécurisation desdites valeurs et/ou objets lorsqu'une agression du conteneur est détectée, remarquable en ce que ledit moyen d'attaque thermique est apte à engendrer une altération réversible d'au moins un constituant de chacune desdites valeurs en provoquant une augmentation de la température interne dudit conteneur jusqu'à une température d'attaque Ta comprise entre 50°C et 150°C, ledit moyen de maculation étant apte à interagir avec au moins ledit constituant altéré, ledit dispositif pour la protection de valeurs étant paramétré, lors de sa fabrication, afin d'adapter au mieux les conditions de protection des valeurs et/ou objets à protéger et que ses moyens de protection engendrent une altération qui préserve les moyens d'identification desdites valeurs a postériori.The invention thus relates to a device for the protection against theft or attempted theft of valuables and / or valuables, consisting of a container provided with protection means comprising at least one means for thermal attack of said values. and / or objects, at least one maculation means thereof, and at least one means for triggering said thermal etching and staining means capable of initiating a procedure for securing said values and / or objects when an attack of the container is detected, remarkable in that said thermal drive means is capable of generating a reversible alteration of at least one constituent of each of said values by causing an increase in the internal temperature of said container to an attack temperature T is between 50 ° C and 150 ° C, said means for staining being capable of interacting with at least said altered component, said device for the protection of values being set, during its manufacture, in order to better adapt the protection conditions of the values and / or objects to be protected and that its means of protection generate an alteration that preserves the means of identification of said values a posteriori.

On entend par « température de transition d'état » la température à partir de laquelle au moins une couche constituant lesdites valeurs et/ou objets voit ses propriétés physico-chimiques (élasticité, perméabilité, solubilité/sensibilité aux solvants...) significativement modifiées, de manière réversible, ladite couche étant apte à conserver sa forme, son apparence au-delà de ladite température de transition d'état en l'absence de contraintes mécaniques et de retrouver ses propriétés d'origine une fois que la température à laquelle elle est exposée sera redescendue en dessous de ladite température de transition d'état.The term "state transition temperature" means the temperature from which at least one layer constituting said values and / or objects has its physico-chemical properties (elasticity, permeability, solubility / sensitivity to solvents, etc.) significantly modified. , reversibly, said layer being able to retain its shape, its appearance beyond said state transition temperature in the absence of mechanical stresses and to recover its original properties once the temperature at which it is exposed will be lowered below said state transition temperature.

On entend par « température de dégradation irréversible » la température à partir de laquelle au moins une couche constituant lesdites valeurs et/ou objets voit ses propriétés physico-chimiques irrémédiablement changées et/ou est elle-même visiblement irrémédiablement changée, par exemple car elle est fondue, disloquée ou calcinée et ne retrouvera donc pas sa forme et/ou ses propriétés d'origine du simple fait de son refroidissement une fois l'attaque thermique achevée.The term "irreversible degradation temperature" the temperature from which at least one layer constituting said values and / or objects sees its physico-chemical properties irremediably changed and / or is itself visibly irremediably changed, for example because it is melted, dislocated or calcined and therefore will not regain its original shape and / or properties simply by cooling once the thermal attack is complete.

Ladite substance de maculage peut, selon la variante employée, être indépendante (moyen distinct du moyen dédié à l'attaque thermique, et agissant simultanément ou non à ce dernier), ou combinée audit moyen d'attaque thermique (moyen unique assurant les deux fonctions : attaque thermique et maculage) . Dans tous les cas, il y a synergie entre les deux moyens, le moyen à l'origine de l'attaque thermique permettant un meilleur marquage des valeurs par le moyen de maculation.Said smearing substance may, depending on the variant used, be independent (means separate from the means dedicated to the thermal attack, and acting simultaneously or not to the latter), or combined with said thermal attack means (single means ensuring the two functions : thermal attack and smearing). In all cases, there is synergy between the two means, the means at the origin of the thermal attack allowing a better marking of the values by the means of maculation.

Par ailleurs, le mode d'action et/ou le déroulement de ladite attaque thermique et/ou du maculage sont prévus de manière à ne pas engendrer de difficultés d'identification a postériori des valeurs et/ou objets de valeur lorsqu'ils sont retrouvés par les autorités ou par leur propriétaire, c'est-à-dire une fois que la mise en oeuvre desdits moyens de protection est terminée et que les valeurs et/ou objets sont à nouveau à température ambiante.Moreover, the mode of action and / or the course of said thermal attack and / or smearing are provided in such a way as not to cause difficulties in identifying values and / or valuables afterwards when they are found. by the authorities or by their owner, that is to say once the implementation of said means of protection is completed and the values and / or objects are again at room temperature.

L'attaque thermique est contrôlée de manière à fragiliser l'une au moins des couches constitutives de chacune des valeurs à protéger.The thermal attack is controlled so as to weaken at least one of the constituent layers of each of the values to be protected.

On entend par attaque thermique le fait de soumettre les valeurs à protéger à une élévation de température, par contact ou à distance. L'attaque thermique peut résulter :

  • d'une réaction chimique entre plusieurs composés présents dans l'enceinte, indépendamment des matériaux constitutifs des valeurs,
  • d'une réaction chimique entre au moins un composé présent dans l'enceinte et les matériaux constitutifs des valeurs elles-mêmes,
  • de la mise en fonctionnement d'un moyen physique tel qu'une résistance chauffante.
By thermal attack is meant to subject the values to be protected to a rise in temperature, by contact or remotely. Thermal attack can result:
  • a chemical reaction between several compounds present in the enclosure, independently of the constituent materials of the values,
  • a chemical reaction between at least one compound present in the chamber and the materials constituting the values themselves,
  • operating a physical means such as a heating resistor.

Avantageusement, dans les deux premiers cas précédents, le ou les différents composés sont initialement contenus dans un ou plusieurs réservoirs séparés, dont le contenu est expulsé, simultanément ou non, dans le conteneur via les moyens de déclenchement, suite à la détection d'une effraction.Advantageously, in the first two previous cases, the one or more compounds are initially contained in one or more separate tanks, the contents of which are expelled, simultaneously or not, into the container via the triggering means, following the detection of a breaking in.

Les moyens de déclenchement comprennent au moins un moyen de détection d'une éventuelle tentative d'effraction.The triggering means comprise at least one means for detecting a possible attempted break-in.

On entend par altération réversible, le fait que les valeurs sont soumises à une élévation de température durant un intervalle de temps tm donné pendant lequel les propriétés d'au moins l'une des couches constitutives se voient modifiées (propriétés chimiques, mécaniques, de perméabilité, intramoléculaires...), puis lors du refroidissement lesdites valeurs reprennent leurs propriétés initiales.By reversible alteration is meant that the values are subjected to a rise in temperature during a given time interval t m during which the properties of at least one of the constituent layers are modified (chemical, mechanical, permeability, intramolecular ...), then during cooling said values resume their initial properties.

Préférentiellement, ledit moyen de maculation est choisi afin d'éviter ou de limiter son relargage par les valeurs une fois que celles-ci sont retournées à température ambiante.Preferably, said staining means is chosen so as to avoid or limit its release by the values once these are returned to ambient temperature.

Selon certaines variantes de l'invention, ledit moyen de maculation est apte à interagir avec au moins un matériau constitutif desdites valeurs, c'est-à-dire qu'il est apte à pénétrer, se lier et/ou réagir au moins dans et/ou avec ledit matériau constitutif.According to certain variants of the invention, said maculation means is capable of interacting with at least one constituent material of said values, that is to say that it is capable of penetrating, binding and / or reacting at least in and or with said constituent material.

Selon d'autres variantes préférées, ledit moyen de maculation est apte à interagir avec au moins le matériau constitutif altéré (avec au moins la ou les couches altérées) desdites valeurs, c'est-à-dire qu'il est apte à pénétrer, se lier et/ou réagir au moins dans et/ou avec le ou les matériaux constitutifs altérés (avec au moins la ou les couches altérées).According to other preferred embodiments, said staining means is able to interact with at least the material constitutive altered (with at least the altered layers) of said values, that is to say that it is able to penetrate, bind and / or react at least in and / or with the altered constituent material (s) ( with at least the weathered layer (s)).

De manière encore plus préférée, ledit moyen de maculation est apte à interagir avec au moins le matériau constitutif altéré desdites valeurs pendant l'intervalle de temps tm. Néanmoins, un moyen de maculation apte à interagir à tout moment (avant et/ou pendant et/ou après l'attaque thermique ayant lieu durant l'intervalle de temps tm) avec au moins un matériau constitutif (altéré ou non) desdites valeurs est envisageable.Even more preferably, said staining means is able to interact with at least the altered constituent material of said values during the time interval t m . Nevertheless, a maculation means capable of interacting at any time (before and / or during and / or after the thermal attack occurring during the time interval t m ) with at least one constitutive material (altered or not) of said values is possible.

Ledit moyen d'attaque thermique et ledit moyen de maculation sont choisis de manière à agir de manière synergique, c'est-à-dire que l'attaque thermique facilite la perméation du moyen de maculation dans ladite couche altérée et/ou permet au moyen de maculation de traverser ou éliminer au moins partiellement la barrière que constitue la couche altérée pour atteindre et maculer la ou les couches plus internes des valeurs.Said thermal etching means and said maculation means are selected so as to act synergistically, i.e., the thermal etching facilitates the permeation of the staining means in said altered layer and / or allows the means maculation to cross or at least partially eliminate the barrier that is the altered layer to reach and smudge the more internal layers or values.

Dans le cas où ledit moyen d'attaque thermique n'entre pas en contact avec lesdites valeurs et/ou objets, le rayonnement thermique qu'il produit les atteint et suffit à induire les effets désirés.In the case where said thermal attack means does not come into contact with said values and / or objects, the thermal radiation it produces reaches them and is sufficient to induce the desired effects.

Le moyen de maculation présente par exemple une cinétique d'action (pénétration dans les valeurs, réaction chimique...) améliorée comparativement à son action isolée, et/ou son action est contrôlable du fait de la synergie qu'il entretien avec ledit moyen d'attaque thermique.The maculation means has, for example, kinetics of action (penetration into the values, chemical reaction, etc.) improved compared with its isolated action, and / or its action is controllable because of the synergy that it maintains with said means. thermal attack.

On entend par « cinétique contrôlable », le fait que le choix d'une température d'attaque Ta donnée, par exemple par l'élection d'un ratio particulier entre les composés chimiques en jeu dans le moyen d'attaque thermique, ou par l'élection d'un couple intensité/tension particulier dans le moyen physique d'attaque thermique, permet la prédiction et le contrôle de la cinétique d'action du moyen de maculation. Il existe de ce fait un asservissement et/ou une régulation du moyen de maculation par le moyen d'attaque thermique.The term "controllable kinetics" means that the choice of an attack temperature T has given, for example by the election of a particular ratio between the chemical compounds involved in the thermal attack means, or by the selection of a particular intensity / voltage pair in the physical heat-etching means enables the prediction and control of the kinetics of action of the staining means. There is thus a control and / or regulation of the staining means by the thermal attack means.

Dans le cas où les valeurs et/ou objets à protéger sont constitués au moins en partie par un ou des polymères, la température de transition d'état correspond avantageusement à la température de transition vitreuse, et la température de dégradation irréversible correspond avantageusement, si pertinent (par exemple dans le cas de polymère semi-cristallins), à la température de fusion (écoulement liquide).In the case where the values and / or objects to be protected are constituted at least in part by one or more polymers, the state transition temperature advantageously corresponds to the glass transition temperature, and the irreversible degradation temperature advantageously corresponds, if relevant (eg in the case of semi-crystalline polymers), at the melting temperature (liquid flow).

A une telle température (ou dans une telle gamme de température) un polymère est dans son état caoutchoutique, dans lequel ses chaînes apparaissent souples (mobilité locale) mais l'écoulement est interdit. Dans cet état, les propriétés du polymère (par exemple sa perméabilité, sa capacité de sorption) sont modifiées, comparativement à l'état vitreux. Le passage de l'état vitreux à l'état caoutchoutique est réversible, notamment en l'absence de contraintes mécaniques externes.At such a temperature (or in such a temperature range) a polymer is in its rubbery state, in which its chains appear flexible (local mobility) but the flow is prohibited. In this state, the properties of the polymer (for example its permeability, its sorption capacity) are modified, compared with the vitreous state. The transition from the vitreous state to the rubbery state is reversible, especially in the absence of external mechanical stresses.

Avantageusement, ledit moyen d'attaque thermique permet d'amener la température interne dudit conteneur à température d'attaque Ta comprise dans une gamme de 50°C à 150°C, et préférentiellement 80 à 130°C.Advantageously, said thermal drive means makes it possible to bring the internal temperature of said attack temperature container T to within a range of 50 ° C. to 150 ° C., and preferably 80 ° to 130 ° C.

Avantageusement, dans la gamme de température visée (et donc également à la température Ta atteinte), au moins une couche desdites valeurs et/ou objets devient plus sensible à l'action du moyen de maculation et/ou voit ses propriétés chimiques et/ou physiques évoluer (de manière réversible) sous l'influence de l'élévation de température.Advantageously, in the target temperature range (and thus also at the temperature T has reached), at least one layer of said values and / or objects becomes more sensitive to the action of the staining means and / or sees its chemical properties and / or physical evolve (reversibly) under the influence of temperature rise.

Selon la variante choisie, le dispositif est paramétré lors de sa fabrication, en amont de son utilisation ou peut être paramétrable via un dispositif de paramétrage. Dans ce dernier cas, l'utilisateur peut paramétrer une ou plusieurs variables parmi lesquelles : la température d'attaque, la quantité des produits libérés dans le conteneur, afin d'adapter au mieux les conditions de protection des valeurs et/ou objets à protéger.Depending on the variant chosen, the device is parameterized during its manufacture, before its use or can be parameterized via a parameterization device. In the latter case, the user can set one or more variables among which: the attack temperature, the quantity of products released in the container, in order to better adapt the protection conditions of the values and / or objects to be protected .

Préférentiellement, lorsque d'une part l'utilisateur connait les propriétés et/ou matériaux desdites valeurs et lorsque d'autre part le dispositif est réglable, la gamme de température visée peut être ajustée pour affecter sélectivement une ou plusieurs couches particulières desdites valeurs et/ou objets.Preferably, when on the one hand the user knows the properties and / or materials of said values and on the other hand the device is adjustable, the target temperature range can be adjusted to selectively affect one or more particular layers of said values and / or objects.

Par ailleurs, quelle que soit la variante de l'invention, dans la gamme de température visée les valeurs et/ou objets sont soumis à une attaque thermique et/ou à un maculage qui ne nuisent pas à leur identification a postériori. Pour cela lesdits moyens de protection engendrent une altération qui préserve les moyens d'identification desdites valeurs tels que : inscriptions, numéros de série, zones de transparence...Moreover, whatever the variant of the invention, in the temperature range referred values and / or objects are subjected to thermal attack and / or smearing that do not interfere with their identification a posteriori. For this, said protection means generate an alteration which preserves the identification means of said values such as: inscriptions, serial numbers, transparency zones, etc.

Selon une première variante principale préférée de l'invention, ledit moyen de maculation est à l'état liquide, et choisi par exemple (de façon non limitative) parmi le groupe comprenant les colorants indélébiles, les solutions comprenant des marqueurs odorants, biologiques, fluorescents ou nanoparticulaires.According to a first preferred main variant of the invention, said maculation means is in the liquid state, and chosen for example (in a non-limiting manner) from the group comprising indelible dyes, the solutions comprising odorous, biological, fluorescent markers or nanoparticles.

Selon une seconde variante principale de l'invention, ledit moyen de maculation est à l'état gazeux, et constitué par exemple d'une suspension de marqueurs dans un mélange gazeux oxygéné.According to a second main variant of the invention, said maculation means is in the gaseous state, and consists for example of a suspension of markers in an oxygenated gas mixture.

Selon des sous-variantes secondaires dudit dispositif, le moyen d'attaque thermique est un moyen physique et comprend par exemple au moins un élément conducteur, apte à générer de la chaleur, relié à au moins une source d'alimentation électrique.According to secondary sub-variants of said device, the thermal attack means is a physical means and comprises for example at least one element driver, capable of generating heat, connected to at least one power source.

Dans d'autres sous-variantes secondaires dudit dispositif, ledit moyen d'attaque thermique est de nature chimique, et comprend au moins un réactif apte à être impliqué dans une réaction chimique exothermique. Dans des sous-variantes ternaires mettant en oeuvre un moyen d'attaque thermique de nature chimique, la réaction exothermique a lieu lorsque ledit moyen d'attaque thermique est mis en contact avec ledit moyen de maculation.In other secondary subvariants of said device, said thermal etching means is of a chemical nature, and comprises at least one reagent capable of being involved in an exothermic chemical reaction. In ternary sub-variants employing chemical etching means, the exothermic reaction occurs when said heat etching means is contacted with said staining means.

Avantageusement et de manière préférée, lorsqu'il y a réaction exothermique, celle-ci est issue d'une réaction de polymérisation. Il peut s'agir d'une polycondensation ou préférentiellement d'une polymérisation en chaîne. Un exemple particulièrement préféré de réaction de polymérisation en chaîne consiste à faire réagir un ou des polyols sur un ou des isocyanates afin d'obtenir une mousse de polyuréthane.Advantageously and preferably, when there is an exothermic reaction, this is the result of a polymerization reaction. It may be a polycondensation or preferably a chain polymerization. A particularly preferred example of a polymerase chain reaction is to react one or more polyols with one or more isocyanates to obtain a polyurethane foam.

De manière générale (et également dans le cas particulier de l'obtention de polyuréthane), une telle réaction de polymérisation est avantageusement employée dans un dispositif selon l'invention, non seulement de par sa nature exothermique, mais également de par le fait que le produit obtenu forme un milieu cohérent apte à se solidifier autour des valeurs (à leur contact ou non) et constitue un moyen additionnel (en supplément de l'attaque thermique et de la maculation) de protection desdites valeurs et/ou objets.In general (and also in the particular case of obtaining polyurethane), such a polymerization reaction is advantageously employed in a device according to the invention, not only by its exothermic nature, but also because the obtained product forms a coherent medium able to solidify around the values (in contact with them or not) and constitutes an additional means (in addition to thermal etching and staining) for protecting said values and / or objects.

Alternativement à la mise en oeuvre d'une réaction de polymérisation, l'emploi de réactifs incompatibles chimiquement est envisageable afin d'obtenir la réaction exothermique souhaitée. Par exemple, on peut employer un composé aqueux en combinaison avec des oxydes, des acides ou bases fortes, ou encore une combinaison alcool/acide tel que méthanol/acide nitrique.As an alternative to carrying out a polymerization reaction, the use of chemically incompatible reagents can be envisaged in order to obtain the desired exothermic reaction. For example, an aqueous compound can be used in combination with oxides, strong acids or bases, or an alcohol / acid combination such as than methanol / nitric acid.

Une autre possibilité consiste en l'emploi d'une combinaison cyanoacrylate/activateur.Another possibility is the use of a cyanoacrylate / activator combination.

Selon la variante envisagée pour l'invention, ledit moyen d'attaque thermique, ou le produit résultant d'une réaction le mettant en oeuvre, peut être maintenu à l'écart, par exemple dans un compartiment spécifique dans le cas de produits liquides ou gazeux, ou séparé d'une distance de sécurité dans le cas d'un moyen physique, de manière à ce que d'une part il n'entre pas en contact avec les valeurs à protéger et à ce que d'autre part les valeurs soient soumises au rayonnement thermique dégagé.According to the variant envisaged for the invention, said heat attack means, or the product resulting from a reaction implementing it, can be kept apart, for example in a specific compartment in the case of liquid products or gaseous, or separated from a safety distance in the case of a physical medium, so that on the one hand it does not come into contact with the values to be protected and on the other hand the values are subject to the thermal radiation released.

Pour cela, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, le dispositif peut disposer d'un circuit de distribution du moyen de maculation. Ainsi, une première quantité dudit moyen de maculation peut être amenée d'une part en contact avec les valeurs, et une seconde quantité peut être indépendamment amenée en contact avec ledit moyen d'attaque thermique. L'option inverse (circuit de distribution du moyen d'attaque thermique) est également envisageable.For this, by way of non-limiting example, the device may have a distribution circuit of the staining means. Thus, a first quantity of said staining means can be brought into contact with the values on the one hand, and a second quantity can be brought into contact with said thermal attack means independently. The opposite option (distribution circuit of the thermal attack means) is also conceivable.

Le ou les moyens de déclenchement des moyens d'attaque thermique et de maculation sont activés lorsqu'une tentative d'effraction est détectée au niveau du conteneur. Selon les besoins, l'emploi d'un moyen de déclenchement unique ou d'un moyen de déclenchement individuel pour chaque moyen de protection des valeurs est envisageable.The means for triggering the thermal etching and staining means are activated when an attempted burglary is detected at the container. As required, the use of a single trigger means or an individual trigger means for each means of protection values is possible.

Enfin, dans des variantes plus élaborées dudit dispositif, lorsque le ou les moyens de protection sont sous forme liquide ou gazeuse, le ou les moyens de déclenchement desdits moyens d'attaque thermique et de maculation peuvent synchroniser la libération dans ledit conteneur des moyens de protection des valeurs, ou temporiser la libération successive desdits moyens. Dans ce dernier cas, le moyen d'attaque thermique est avantageusement libéré en premier.Finally, in more elaborate variants of said device, when the one or more protective means are in liquid or gaseous form, the one or more means for triggering said thermal etching and staining means can synchronize the release in said container of the means of protection. values, or delay the successive release of said means. In this In the latter case, the thermal etching means is advantageously released first.

Possibilité d'application industriellePossibility of industrial application

On comprend bien que le dispositif selon l'invention permet de protéger des valeurs et/ou objets contre une effraction et garantit la préservation d'une identification a postériori.It is well understood that the device according to the invention makes it possible to protect values and / or objects against burglary and guarantees the preservation of an identification a posteriori.

Bien entendu, il va de soi que la présente invention ne se limite pas aux seules formes d'exécution décrites ; elle en embrasse, au contraire, toutes les variantes de réalisation et d'application respectant le même principe.Of course, it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described; it embraces, on the contrary, all variants of implementation and application respecting the same principle.

Claims (10)

Dispositif pour la protection contre le vol ou la tentative de vol de valeurs et/ou objets de valeur, constitué d'un conteneur muni de moyens de protection comprenant au moins un moyen d'attaque thermique desdits valeurs et/ou objets, au moins un moyen de maculation de ceux-ci, et au moins un moyen de déclenchement desdits moyens d'attaque thermique et de maculation apte à enclencher une procédure de sécurisation desdites valeurs et/ou objets lorsqu'une agression du conteneur est détectée, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen d'attaque thermique est apte à engendrer une altération réversible des propriétés physico-chimiques d'au moins un constituant de chacune desdites valeurs en provoquant une augmentation de la température interne dudit conteneur durant un intervalle de temps tm jusqu'à une température d'attaque Ta comprise entre 50°C et 150°C, ledit moyen de maculation étant apte à interagir au cours de l'intervalle de temps tm avec au moins ledit constituant altéré, ledit dispositif pour la protection de valeurs étant paramétré, lors de sa fabrication, afin d'adapter au mieux les conditions de protection des valeurs et/ou objets à protéger et que ses moyens de protection engendrent une altération qui préserve les moyens d'identification desdites valeurs a postériori.Device for protection against theft or attempted theft of values and / or valuables, consisting of a container provided with protection means comprising at least one means for thermal attack of said values and / or objects, at least one means of maculation thereof, and at least one means for triggering said thermal etching and maculation means capable of initiating a procedure for securing said values and / or objects when an attack of the container is detected, characterized in that said thermal etching means is capable of generating a reversible deterioration of the physico-chemical properties of at least one constituent of each of said values by causing an increase in the internal temperature of said container during a time interval t m up to a temperature of attack T has between 50 ° C and 150 ° C, said maculation means being able to interact during the time interval t m with at least said constituent constituting said device for the protection of values being parameterized, during its manufacture, in order to better adapt the protection conditions of the values and / or objects to be protected and that its protection means generate an alteration which preserves the means of protection. identification of said values a posteriori. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen de maculation est à l'état liquide.Device for the protection of values according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said staining means is in the liquid state. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen de maculation est à l'état gazeux.Device for the protection of values according to claim 1, characterized in that said staining means is in the gaseous state. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen d'attaque thermique est un moyen physique comprenant au moins un élément conducteur apte à générer de la chaleur, relié à au moins une source d'alimentation électrique.Device for the protection of values according to the claim 1, characterized in that said thermal etching means is a physical means comprising at least one conductive element adapted to generate heat, connected to at least one power source. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen d'attaque thermique est de nature chimique et comprend au moins un réactif apte à être impliqué dans une réaction chimique exothermique.Device for the protection of values according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said thermal etching means is of a chemical nature and comprises at least one reagent capable of being involved in an exothermic chemical reaction. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen d'attaque thermique réagit au contact du moyen de maculation.Device for the protection of values according to the preceding claim, characterized in that said thermal attack means reacts in contact with the staining means. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la réaction est une réaction de polymérisation, et préférentiellement une réaction de polymérisation en chaîne.Device for the protection of values according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the reaction is a polymerization reaction, and preferably a polymerization chain reaction. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce que la réaction exothermique est due à l'incompatibilité chimique des réactifs en jeu.Device for the protection of values according to any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the exothermic reaction is due to the chemical incompatibility of the reagents involved. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit moyen d'attaque thermique, ou le produit résultant d'une réaction le mettant en oeuvre dans le cas d'une attaque thermique de nature chimique, n'entre pas en contact avec les valeurs à protéger.Device for the protection of values according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said thermal attack means, or the product resulting from a reaction implementing it in the case of a thermal attack of a chemical nature, does not come into contact with the values to be protected. Dispositif pour la protection de valeurs selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ladite température Ta d'attaque thermique est comprise entre 80 et 130°C.Device for protection of values according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said temperature T a thermal etching is between 80 and 130 ° C.
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2605280A (en) * 2021-03-22 2022-09-28 Secr Defence Anti-theft device

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FR3050754B1 (en) 2022-01-14

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