EP3239419A1 - A building structure - Google Patents

A building structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3239419A1
EP3239419A1 EP17167783.4A EP17167783A EP3239419A1 EP 3239419 A1 EP3239419 A1 EP 3239419A1 EP 17167783 A EP17167783 A EP 17167783A EP 3239419 A1 EP3239419 A1 EP 3239419A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
support
support member
cross
building structure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17167783.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Alain VIDAILLAC
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ALFYMA INDUSTRIE
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ALFYMA INDUSTRIE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ALFYMA INDUSTRIE filed Critical ALFYMA INDUSTRIE
Publication of EP3239419A1 publication Critical patent/EP3239419A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • E04B1/22—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material with parts being prestressed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
    • E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B1/215—Connections specially adapted therefor comprising metallic plates or parts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/20—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members
    • E04C3/26—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. with reinforcements or tensioning members prestressed
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/30—Columns; Pillars; Struts
    • E04C3/34—Columns; Pillars; Struts of concrete other stone-like material, with or without permanent form elements, with or without internal or external reinforcement, e.g. metal coverings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a simplified building structure.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks, by proposing a simplified building structure that can be mounted in a simple and relatively fast manner, without requiring specific know-how, while remaining sufficiently robust, and in particular complying with all the standards in force.
  • the building structure according to the invention uses sleepers (also called “stringers”) with stress rod, in particular with a post-tensioning rod.
  • Such a cross is made by pouring concrete so as to provide a cross body in which the rod, including a threaded rod, is housed.
  • the rod protrudes at the ends of this cross body.
  • a crossbar stress rod is particularly robust.
  • the present invention provides for the use of the tie rods of the ties to ensure the connection between the sleepers, by means of a suitable connecting member.
  • a connection using the stress rods is simple to implement, and has the desired robustness for the realization of a building structure.
  • FIG. 1 Partially represented on the figure 1 a building structure 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
  • the building structure 10 has a plurality of support members 12, one of which is shown on the figures 1 and 2 .
  • Each support member 12 is adapted to partially support at least one cross member 14, for example two cross members 14 as shown in FIG. figure 1 , and more generally between one and four sleepers 14.
  • the shape of the support member 12 depends on the number of sleepers 14 that it is intended to carry, this support member 12 comprising a support track for each crosspiece 14.
  • the building structure 10 has a plurality of cross members 14, each cross member 14 extending between two adjacent support members 12.
  • each crosspiece 14 extends between the support element 12 shown and another respective support element not shown.
  • Each support element 12 is for example a vertical upright.
  • Each support member 12 comprises a support body 15, extending in a vertical direction between a lower end and an upper end, and a rod 16 housed in the support body 15, extending in the vertical direction, protruding at beyond the upper end.
  • the rod 16 is preferably metallic, for example made of steel.
  • the rod 16 is at least partly threaded, especially at its ends.
  • Such a support member 12 is generally made by pouring concrete to form the support body 15, leaving a reservation for the rod 16.
  • the rod 16 is subsequently introduced into the reservation of the support body 15, then concrete is poured in this reservation to ensure the connection between the support body 15 and the rod 16.
  • the rod 16 is intended to be connected to the foundation of the building structure 10.
  • Each crosspiece 14 has a cross member body 18 extending between two ends in a horizontal longitudinal direction, and a biasing rod 20 extending in the longitudinal direction through the cross member body 18, the biasing rod 20 protruding beyond beyond each end of the transom body 18.
  • the stress rod 20 is preferably metallic, for example made of steel.
  • the stress rod 20 is at least partially threaded, in particular threaded at its ends.
  • the constraining rod 20 is generally stretched through the body of the cross member 18 by a system of jacks, up to a predetermined tension (for example 20 tons), this stretching being maintained by two holding plates 22, each pressed against a respective end of the crosspiece 14 by a respective first nut 24 screwed onto the constraint rod 20.
  • a predetermined tension for example 20 tons
  • connection of the crosspiece 14 with the support member 12 is provided by a connecting member 26, resting on the support member 12 and fixed to the cross member 14 by means of its constraint rod 20.
  • the connecting member 26 comprises a base 28 intended to rest on the upper end of the support element 12.
  • This base 28 has an opening 30 for the passage of the rod 16.
  • the connecting member 26 further comprises, for each adjacent cross member 14, a vertical plate 32 integral with the base 28, this vertical plate 32 being provided with a through hole 34 for the constraining rod 20 of the crosspiece 14.
  • the vertical plate 32 is fixed to the corresponding cross member 14 by means of a second nut 36 screwed onto the constraint rod 20.
  • the vertical plate 32 is extended at its periphery by a peripheral skirt 38 delimiting, with this vertical plate 32, a housing for the first nut 24.
  • This peripheral skirt 38 bears against the retaining plate 22 when the second nut 36 is screwed onto the constraint rod 20.
  • connecting members 26 comprising one, two, three or four vertical plates 32.
  • the connecting member 26 is for example made of steel.
  • the connecting member 26 is filled with concrete, which has the effect of sealing each second nut 36, to strengthen the connection between the support member 12 and each corresponding cross member 14, and to protect the rod 16 against corrosion.
  • a ceiling tile 39 is disposed on the cross-members 14, and an upper post 12 'is generally arranged above said support element 12, in the vertical extension of this support element 12 .
  • the upper upright 12 ' also comprises a rod 16' arranged in the extension of the rod 16 of the support member 12.
  • the rod 16 'of the second upright 12' is connected to the rod 16 of the element 12 by means of a rigid sleeve 40 partially surrounding each of these rods 16, 16 ', as shown in particular on the figure 3 .
  • each rod 16, 16 ' is at least partially threaded, the rigid sleeve 40 being screwed onto each of these rods 16, 16'.
  • the rigid sleeve 40 ensures a mechanical continuity between the rods 16 and 16 '.
  • the upper upright 12 'then forms a support member for at least one other cross member at the floor, in the same manner as previously described.
  • the building structure 10 can then have as many floors as desired, made in the same manner as previously described.
  • the building structure 10 further comprises walls 42, each wall 42 extending between two uprights 12. Thus, each upright 12 is disposed at the end of at least one wall 42.
  • each wall 42 comprises two parallel partitions 44 and a thermal and / or sound insulating material 46 arranged between the two parallel partitions 44.
  • the thickness of the wall 42, in a direction transverse to this wall, corresponds to substantially to the dimension of each upright 12 arranged at its ends in the same transverse direction.
  • the wall 42 comprises, at an upper end and / or at a lower end, a compartment 48 without insulation material 46, reserved to receive the cross member 14 which extends between the same amounts 12 as the wall 42.
  • This compartment 48 is delimited by the two partitions 44.
  • the cross 14 is masked by the partitions 44, and will not be apparent in the finished building.
  • the method comprises a step of making foundations for the building, performed in a conventional manner.
  • the ground is dug, and foundation elements are put in place.
  • Each foundation element is formed by a buried concrete block, comprising a steel frame projecting upwards.
  • the method then comprises a step of placing, on each foundation element, at least one respective support element.
  • Each of these support elements is for example formed by a small amount of height, hollow and surrounding the steel frame.
  • Each of these support members is intended to delineate an end of a wall of the building.
  • the support elements are therefore arranged accordingly, depending on the desired shape for the building.
  • each support element defines a wedge between two adjacent walls.
  • the method then includes a step of placing plumbing pipes and electrical wiring in the ground, for future supply of the building in water and electricity. This step is traditional and will not be described in detail.
  • the method then comprises a step of pouring a lower concrete slab, covering the ground and covering the foundation elements, while leaving the support elements protruding.
  • the method then comprises a step of placing sleepers 14, each extending between two adjacent support members.
  • Each crossmember 14 is connected to the corresponding support elements by means of a respective connecting member 26, resting on this support element.
  • Each support member is generally connected to two, three or four cross members 14.
  • the method then comprises a step of placing an amount 12 in the extension of each support member.
  • This amount 12 comprises a rod 16 as described above, which is inserted into the connecting member 26 resting on this support member, and which extends to the inside of this support member.
  • the lower end of the body of the upright 12 rests on one end of the cross member body 18 of each cross member 14 connected to the corresponding support member.
  • the method then comprises a step in which concrete is poured into each hollow support member, thereby trapping each rod 16 in the corresponding support member.
  • the rod 16 is common to the upright 12 and the corresponding support member.
  • the rod 16 is connected to the foundations via this support member.
  • concrete is also poured into each connecting member 26.
  • the method then comprises a step of placing protective walls on either side of each cross member, then a step of pouring a concrete slab forming a floor, on the one hand in a space delimited by the assembly. sleepers, then on the other hand an additional layer covering the sleepers 14.
  • the method then comprises a step of placing walls 42, each wall 42 extending between two adjacent posts 12.
  • a cross member 14 is placed in the upper compartment 48 of the wall 42, the cross member 14 resting at each of its ends on a corresponding amount 12.
  • crosspieces 14 are connected to the uprights 12 corresponding by means of connecting members 26 as described above, each amount 12 forming a support element in the sense of the term described above.
  • the uprights 12, 12 ' form a support element, in the same way as on each lower floor.
  • the method comprises a step of laying a roof, carried out in a conventional manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)

Abstract

La structure de bâtiment (10) comporte au moins un élément de support (12) et au moins une traverse (14) partiellement supportée par l'élément de support (12). La traverse (14) comporte un corps de traverse (18) s'étendant entre deux extrémités, et une tige de contrainte s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale à travers le corps de traverse (18), la tige de contrainte dépassant au-delà de chaque extrémité du corps de traverse (18). La structure de bâtiment (10) comporte, à au moins l'une des extrémités du corps de traverse (18), un organe (26) de liaison de la traverse (14) avec l'élément de support (12), reposant sur l'élément de support (12) et fixé à la traverse (14) par l'intermédiaire de sa tige de contrainte.The building structure (10) comprises at least one support member (12) and at least one cross member (14) partially supported by the support member (12). The cross member (14) has a cross member body (18) extending between two ends, and a bias rod extending in the longitudinal direction through the cross member body (18), the stress rod extending beyond at each end of the transom body (18). The building structure (10) comprises, at at least one of the ends of the cross member body (18), a member (26) for connecting the crossmember (14) with the support element (12), resting on the support member (12) and fixed to the cross member (14) via its stress rod.

Description

La présente invention concerne une structure de bâtiment simplifiée.The present invention relates to a simplified building structure.

La construction d'un bâtiment requiert habituellement un savoir-faire spécifique, notamment pour le montage de la structure du bâtiment. En outre, une telle construction est généralement longue et fastidieuse.The construction of a building usually requires specific know-how, especially for the assembly of the building structure. In addition, such a construction is generally long and tedious.

L'invention a notamment pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients, en proposant une structure de bâtiment simplifiée, pouvant être montée de manière simple et relativement rapide, sans nécessiter de savoir-faire spécifique, tout en restant suffisamment robuste, et notamment conforme à toutes les normes en vigueur.The object of the invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks, by proposing a simplified building structure that can be mounted in a simple and relatively fast manner, without requiring specific know-how, while remaining sufficiently robust, and in particular complying with all the standards in force.

A cet effet, l'invention a notamment pour objet une structure de bâtiment, comportant au moins un élément de support et au moins une traverse partiellement supportée par l'élément de support et s'étendant dans une direction longitudinale horizontale, caractérisée en ce que :

  • la traverse comporte un corps de traverse s'étendant entre deux extrémités, et une tige de contrainte s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale à travers le corps de traverse, la tige de contrainte dépassant au-delà de chaque extrémité du corps de traverse,
  • la structure de bâtiment comporte, à au moins l'une des extrémités du corps de traverse, un organe de liaison de la traverse avec l'élément de support, reposant sur l'élément de support et fixé à la traverse par l'intermédiaire de sa tige de contrainte.
To this end, the invention particularly relates to a building structure, comprising at least one support element and at least one crosspiece partially supported by the support element and extending in a horizontal longitudinal direction, characterized in that :
  • the cross member has a cross member body extending between two ends, and a stress rod extending in the longitudinal direction through the cross member body, the stress rod protruding beyond each end of the cross member body,
  • the building structure comprises, at at least one of the ends of the cross member body, a connecting member of the cross member with the support member, resting on the support member and fixed to the cross member via its stress rod.

La structure de bâtiment selon l'invention utilise des traverses (également appelées « longrines ») à tige de contrainte, notamment à tige de post-tension.The building structure according to the invention uses sleepers (also called "stringers") with stress rod, in particular with a post-tensioning rod.

Une telle traverse est réalisée par coulage de béton de manière à réaliser un corps de traverse dans lequel la tige, notamment une tige filetée, est logée. La tige dépasse aux extrémités de ce corps de traverse.Such a cross is made by pouring concrete so as to provide a cross body in which the rod, including a threaded rod, is housed. The rod protrudes at the ends of this cross body.

La tige est ensuite étirée au moyen de vérins reliés aux extrémités de la tige, générant ainsi des tensions qui se répercutent dans la traverse, afin de compenser les efforts extérieurs subis par cette traverse dans la structure de bâtiment, et ainsi limiter ses déformations. Ainsi, une traverse à tige de contrainte est particulièrement robuste.The rod is then stretched by means of jacks connected to the ends of the rod, thereby generating tensions that are reflected in the cross member, in order to compensate for the external forces experienced by this cross member in the building structure, and thus limit its deformations. Thus, a crossbar stress rod is particularly robust.

La présente invention prévoit d'utiliser les tiges de contrainte des traverses pour assurer la liaison entre les traverses, au moyen d'un organe de liaison adapté. Une telle liaison utilisant les tiges de contrainte est simple à mettre en oeuvre, et présente la robustesse souhaitée pour la réalisation d'une structure de bâtiment.The present invention provides for the use of the tie rods of the ties to ensure the connection between the sleepers, by means of a suitable connecting member. Such a connection using the stress rods is simple to implement, and has the desired robustness for the realization of a building structure.

Une structure de bâtiment selon l'invention peut comporter en outre l'une pour plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou selon toutes combinaisons techniquement envisageables.

  • L'organe de liaison comporte : une base, destinée à reposer sur l'élément de support, et pour chaque traverse adjacente, une plaque verticale solidaire de la base, munie d'un orifice de passage pour la tige de contrainte de cette traverse.
  • La traverse comporte, à chaque extrémité de son corps de traverse, une plaquette de maintien, plaquée contre cette extrémité par un premier écrou vissé sur la tige de contrainte, la plaque verticale correspondante de l'organe de liaison étant prolongée par une jupe périphérique délimitant, avec cette plaque verticale, un logement pour le premier écrou.
  • L'élément de support comporte une tige s'étendant dans une direction verticale.
  • La structure de bâtiment comprend un montant supérieur agencé au-dessus dudit élément de support, dans le prolongement vertical de cet élément de support, le montant supérieur comprenant une tige agencée dans le prolongement de la tige de l'élément de support, la tige du montant supérieur étant connectée à la tige de l'élément de support par l'intermédiaire d'un manchon rigide entourant partiellement chacune de ces tiges.
  • L'organe de liaison comporte un orifice de passage pour la tige de l'élément de support.
  • La structure de bâtiment comprend un mur s'étendant entre l'élément de support et un autre élément de support parallèle audit élément de support, le mur comportant deux cloisons parallèles et un matériau d'isolation thermique et/ou phonique agencé entre les deux cloisons parallèles, et la traverse étant supportée par ledit élément de support et ledit autre élément de support, cette traverse étant agencée dans un compartiment du mur, délimité par les deux cloisons.
  • L'élément de support est un montant.
A building structure according to the invention may further comprise one for several of the following characteristics, taken alone or in any technically feasible combination.
  • The connecting member comprises: a base, intended to rest on the support member, and for each adjacent cross member, a vertical plate integral with the base, provided with a through hole for the stress rod of the crosspiece.
  • The crosspiece comprises, at each end of its cross body, a holding plate, pressed against this end by a first nut screwed onto the stress rod, the corresponding vertical plate of the connecting member being extended by a peripheral skirt defining with this vertical plate, a housing for the first nut.
  • The support member has a rod extending in a vertical direction.
  • The building structure comprises an upper upright arranged above said support member, in the vertical extension of this support member, the upper upright comprising a rod arranged in the extension of the rod of the support member, the rod of the upper post being connected to the rod of the support member via a rigid sleeve partially surrounding each of these rods.
  • The connecting member has a through hole for the rod of the support member.
  • The building structure includes a wall extending between the support member and another support member parallel to said support member, the wall having two parallel walls and a thermal and / or sound insulating material arranged between the two partitions. parallel, and the cross member being supported by said support member and said other support member, this cross member being arranged in a compartment of the wall, delimited by the two partitions.
  • The support element is an amount.

L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication d'un bâtiment, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé au moyen d'une structure de bâtiment telle que définie précédemment, et en ce qu'il comporte :

  • la mise en place d'au moins un élément de support,
  • la mise en place d'une traverse partiellement supportée par l'élément de support, la traverse comportant un corps de traverse s'étendant entre deux extrémités, et une tige de contrainte s'étendant à travers le corps de traverse et dépassant au-delà de chaque extrémité du corps de traverse, et
  • la liaison de la traverse avec l'élément de support, au moyen d'un organe de liaison reposant sur l'élément de support et fixé à la traverse par l'intermédiaire de sa tige de contrainte.
The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a building, characterized in that it is produced by means of a building structure as defined above, and in that it comprises:
  • setting up at least one support element,
  • placing a cross member partially supported by the support member, the cross member having a cross member body extending between two ends, and a stress rod extending through the cross member body and protruding beyond from each end of the transom body, and
  • the connection of the cross member with the support member, by means of a connecting member resting on the support member and fixed to the cross member through its stress rod.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une structure de bâtiment selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une traverse de la structure de bâtiment de la figure 1, supportée par un élément de support ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue schématique en coupe axiale d'une liaison entre deux tiges appartenant respectivement à un élément de support inférieur et un montant supérieur disposé au-dessus de l'élément de support inférieur ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale d'un mur de la structure de bâtiment selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • the figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a building structure according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 is a partial perspective view of a cross section of the building structure of the figure 1 supported by a support member;
  • the figure 3 is a diagrammatic view in axial section of a connection between two rods respectively belonging to a lower support member and an upper upright disposed above the lower support member;
  • the figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a wall of the building structure according to the invention.

On a représenté partiellement sur la figure 1 une structure 10 de bâtiment selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l'invention.Partially represented on the figure 1 a building structure 10 according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

La structure de bâtiment 10 comporte une pluralité d'éléments de support 12, dont l'un d'entre eux est représenté sur les figures 1 et 2.The building structure 10 has a plurality of support members 12, one of which is shown on the figures 1 and 2 .

Chaque élément de support 12 est destiné à supporter partiellement au moins une traverse 14, par exemple deux traverses 14 comme cela est représenté sur la figure 1, et plus généralement entre une et quatre traverses 14. La forme de l'élément de support 12 dépend du nombre de traverses 14 qu'il est destiné à porter, cet élément de support 12 comprenant une piste de support pour chaque traverse 14.Each support member 12 is adapted to partially support at least one cross member 14, for example two cross members 14 as shown in FIG. figure 1 , and more generally between one and four sleepers 14. The shape of the support member 12 depends on the number of sleepers 14 that it is intended to carry, this support member 12 comprising a support track for each crosspiece 14.

Ainsi, la structure de bâtiment 10 comporte une pluralité de traverses 14, chaque traverse 14 s'étendant entre deux éléments de support 12 adjacents.Thus, the building structure 10 has a plurality of cross members 14, each cross member 14 extending between two adjacent support members 12.

Sur la figure 1, chaque traverse 14 s'étend entre l'élément de support 12 représenté et un autre élément de support respectif non représenté.On the figure 1 each crosspiece 14 extends between the support element 12 shown and another respective support element not shown.

Chaque élément de support 12 est par exemple un montant vertical.Each support element 12 is for example a vertical upright.

Chaque élément de support 12 comporte un corps de support 15, s'étendant dans une direction verticale entre une extrémité inférieure et une extrémité supérieure, et une tige 16 logée dans le corps de support 15, s'étendant dans la direction verticale, dépassant au-delà de l'extrémité supérieure.Each support member 12 comprises a support body 15, extending in a vertical direction between a lower end and an upper end, and a rod 16 housed in the support body 15, extending in the vertical direction, protruding at beyond the upper end.

La tige 16 est de préférence métallique, par exemple réalisée en acier. La tige 16 est au moins en partie filetée, notamment à ses extrémités.The rod 16 is preferably metallic, for example made of steel. The rod 16 is at least partly threaded, especially at its ends.

Un tel élément de support 12 est généralement réalisé en coulant du béton pour former le corps de support 15, en laissant une réservation pour la tige 16. La tige 16 est ultérieurement introduite dans la réservation du corps de support 15, puis du béton est coulé dans cette réservation pour assurer la liaison entre le corps de support 15 et la tige 16.Such a support member 12 is generally made by pouring concrete to form the support body 15, leaving a reservation for the rod 16. The rod 16 is subsequently introduced into the reservation of the support body 15, then concrete is poured in this reservation to ensure the connection between the support body 15 and the rod 16.

Il est possible de former de cette manière une poutre de n'importe quelle longueur, qui peut être coupée pour former l'élément de support 12. Il est ainsi possible de réaliser une poutre en continu, et de découper cette poutre au fur et à mesure pour former des éléments de support 12.It is possible to form in this way a beam of any length, which can be cut to form the support member 12. It is thus possible to realize a beam continuously, and to cut this beam as and when measuring to form support elements 12.

La tige 16 est destinée à être reliée à la fondation de la structure de bâtiment 10.The rod 16 is intended to be connected to the foundation of the building structure 10.

Chaque traverse 14 comporte un corps de traverse 18 s'étendant entre deux extrémités dans une direction longitudinale horizontale, et une tige de contrainte 20 s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale à travers le corps de traverse 18, la tige de contrainte 20 dépassant au-delà de chaque extrémité du corps de traverse 18.Each crosspiece 14 has a cross member body 18 extending between two ends in a horizontal longitudinal direction, and a biasing rod 20 extending in the longitudinal direction through the cross member body 18, the biasing rod 20 protruding beyond beyond each end of the transom body 18.

La tige de contrainte 20 est de préférence métallique, par exemple réalisée en acier. La tige de contrainte 20 est au moins partiellement filetée, notamment filetée à ses extrémités.The stress rod 20 is preferably metallic, for example made of steel. The stress rod 20 is at least partially threaded, in particular threaded at its ends.

La tige de contrainte 20 est généralement étirée, à travers le corps de traverse 18, par un système de vérins, jusqu'à une tension prédéfinie (par exemple 20 tonnes), cet étirement étant maintenu par deux plaquettes de maintien 22, chacune plaquée contre une extrémité respective de la traverse 14 par un premier écrou 24 respectif vissé sur la tige de contrainte 20.The constraining rod 20 is generally stretched through the body of the cross member 18 by a system of jacks, up to a predetermined tension (for example 20 tons), this stretching being maintained by two holding plates 22, each pressed against a respective end of the crosspiece 14 by a respective first nut 24 screwed onto the constraint rod 20.

La liaison de la traverse 14 avec l'élément de support 12 est assurée par un organe de liaison 26, reposant sur l'élément de support 12 et fixé à la traverse 14 par l'intermédiaire de sa tige de contrainte 20.The connection of the crosspiece 14 with the support member 12 is provided by a connecting member 26, resting on the support member 12 and fixed to the cross member 14 by means of its constraint rod 20.

Plus particulièrement, l'organe de liaison 26 comporte une base 28 destinée à reposer sur l'extrémité supérieure de l'élément de support 12. Cette base 28 comporte une ouverture 30 pour le passage de la tige 16.More particularly, the connecting member 26 comprises a base 28 intended to rest on the upper end of the support element 12. This base 28 has an opening 30 for the passage of the rod 16.

L'organe de liaison 26 comporte par ailleurs, pour chaque traverse 14 adjacente, une plaque verticale 32 solidaire de la base 28, cette plaque verticale 32 étant munie d'un orifice 34 de passage pour la tige de contrainte 20 de cette traverse 14. La plaque verticale 32 est fixée à la traverse 14 correspondante au moyen d'un second écrou 36 vissé sur la tige de contrainte 20.The connecting member 26 further comprises, for each adjacent cross member 14, a vertical plate 32 integral with the base 28, this vertical plate 32 being provided with a through hole 34 for the constraining rod 20 of the crosspiece 14. The vertical plate 32 is fixed to the corresponding cross member 14 by means of a second nut 36 screwed onto the constraint rod 20.

Avantageusement, la plaque verticale 32 est prolongée à sa périphérie par une jupe périphérique 38 délimitant, avec cette plaque verticale 32, un logement pour le premier écrou 24. Cette jupe périphérique 38 vient prendre appui contre la plaquette de maintien 22 lorsque le second écrou 36 est vissé sur la tige de contrainte 20.Advantageously, the vertical plate 32 is extended at its periphery by a peripheral skirt 38 delimiting, with this vertical plate 32, a housing for the first nut 24. This peripheral skirt 38 bears against the retaining plate 22 when the second nut 36 is screwed onto the constraint rod 20.

Il est à noter que le nombre de plaques verticales 32 solidaires de la base 28 est égal au nombre de traverses 14 destinées à être liées à l'élément de support 12. On peut donc prévoit des organes de liaison 26 comprenant une, deux, trois ou quatre plaques verticales 32.It should be noted that the number of vertical plates 32 integral with the base 28 is equal to the number of crosspieces 14 intended to be connected to the support element 12. There may be provided connecting members 26 comprising one, two, three or four vertical plates 32.

L'organe de liaison 26 est par exemple réalisé en acier.The connecting member 26 is for example made of steel.

Avantageusement, après vissage du second écrou 36 sur la tige de contrainte 20, de manière à plaquer la jupe périphérique 38 contre la plaquette de maintien 22, l'organe de liaison 26 est rempli de béton, ce qui a pour effet de sceller chaque second écrou 36, de renforcer la liaison entre l'élément d'appui 12 et chaque traverse 14 correspondante, et de protéger la tige 16 contre la corrosion.Advantageously, after screwing the second nut 36 onto the stress rod 20, so as to press the peripheral skirt 38 against the retaining plate 22, the connecting member 26 is filled with concrete, which has the effect of sealing each second nut 36, to strengthen the connection between the support member 12 and each corresponding cross member 14, and to protect the rod 16 against corrosion.

Lorsque le bâtiment comporte au moins un deuxième étage, une dalle de plafond 39 est disposée sur les traverses 14, et un montant supérieur 12' est généralement agencé au-dessus dudit élément de support 12, dans le prolongement vertical de cet élément de support 12.When the building comprises at least a second floor, a ceiling tile 39 is disposed on the cross-members 14, and an upper post 12 'is generally arranged above said support element 12, in the vertical extension of this support element 12 .

Le montant supérieur 12' comprend également une tige 16' agencée dans le prolongement de la tige 16 de l'élément de support 12. Dans ce cas, la tige 16' du second montant 12' est connectée à la tige 16 de l'élément de support 12 par l'intermédiaire d'un manchon rigide 40 entourant partiellement chacune de ces tiges 16, 16', comme cela est notamment représenté sur la figure 3.The upper upright 12 'also comprises a rod 16' arranged in the extension of the rod 16 of the support member 12. In this case, the rod 16 'of the second upright 12' is connected to the rod 16 of the element 12 by means of a rigid sleeve 40 partially surrounding each of these rods 16, 16 ', as shown in particular on the figure 3 .

Avantageusement, chaque tige 16, 16' est au moins partiellement filetée, le manchon rigide 40 étant vissé sur chacune de ces tiges 16, 16'.Advantageously, each rod 16, 16 'is at least partially threaded, the rigid sleeve 40 being screwed onto each of these rods 16, 16'.

Le manchon rigide 40 permet d'assurer une continuité mécanique entre les tiges 16 et 16'.The rigid sleeve 40 ensures a mechanical continuity between the rods 16 and 16 '.

Le montant supérieur 12' forme ensuite un élément de support pour au moins une autre traverse à l'étage, de la même manière que décrit précédemment.The upper upright 12 'then forms a support member for at least one other cross member at the floor, in the same manner as previously described.

La structure de bâtiment 10 peut alors comporter autant d'étages que souhaité, réalisés de la même manière que décrit précédemment.The building structure 10 can then have as many floors as desired, made in the same manner as previously described.

La structure de bâtiment 10 comporte par ailleurs des murs 42, chaque mur 42 s'étendant entre deux montants 12. Ainsi, chaque montant 12 est disposé à l'extrémité d'au moins un mur 42.The building structure 10 further comprises walls 42, each wall 42 extending between two uprights 12. Thus, each upright 12 is disposed at the end of at least one wall 42.

Conformément au mode de réalisation décrit, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 4, chaque mur 42 comporte deux cloisons parallèles 44 et un matériau 46 d'isolation thermique et/ou phonique agencé entre les deux cloisons parallèles 44. L'épaisseur du mur 42, dans une direction transversale à ce mur, correspond sensiblement à la dimension de chaque montant 12 agencé à ses extrémités dans la même direction transversale.According to the embodiment described, as shown on the figure 4 each wall 42 comprises two parallel partitions 44 and a thermal and / or sound insulating material 46 arranged between the two parallel partitions 44. The thickness of the wall 42, in a direction transverse to this wall, corresponds to substantially to the dimension of each upright 12 arranged at its ends in the same transverse direction.

Le mur 42 comporte, à une extrémité supérieure et/ou à une extrémité inférieure, un compartiment 48 dépourvu de matériau d'isolation 46, réservé pour recevoir la traverse 14 qui s'étend entre les mêmes montants 12 que le mur 42. Ce compartiment 48 est délimité par les deux cloisons 44. Ainsi, la traverse 14 est masquée par les cloisons 44, et ne sera donc pas apparente dans le bâtiment fini.The wall 42 comprises, at an upper end and / or at a lower end, a compartment 48 without insulation material 46, reserved to receive the cross member 14 which extends between the same amounts 12 as the wall 42. This compartment 48 is delimited by the two partitions 44. Thus, the cross 14 is masked by the partitions 44, and will not be apparent in the finished building.

Un exemple de procédé de fabrication d'un bâtiment comprenant une structure 10 de bâtiment telle que définie précédemment va maintenant être décrit.An example of a method of manufacturing a building comprising a building structure as defined above will now be described.

Le procédé comporte une étape de réalisation de fondations pour le bâtiment, réalisée de manière classique. Le sol est creusé, et des éléments de fondation sont mis en place. Chaque élément de fondation est formé par un bloc de béton enterré, comprenant une ossature d'acier dépassant vers le haut.The method comprises a step of making foundations for the building, performed in a conventional manner. The ground is dug, and foundation elements are put in place. Each foundation element is formed by a buried concrete block, comprising a steel frame projecting upwards.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape de mise en place, sur chaque élément de fondation, d'au moins un élément de support respectif. Chacun de ces éléments de support est par exemple formé par un montant de faible hauteur, creux et entourant l'ossature d'acier.The method then comprises a step of placing, on each foundation element, at least one respective support element. Each of these support elements is for example formed by a small amount of height, hollow and surrounding the steel frame.

Chacun de ces éléments de support est destiné à délimiter une extrémité d'un mur du bâtiment. Les éléments de support sont donc disposés en conséquence, en fonction de la forme souhaitée pour le bâtiment. Généralement, chaque élément de support définit un coin entre deux murs adjacents.Each of these support members is intended to delineate an end of a wall of the building. The support elements are therefore arranged accordingly, depending on the desired shape for the building. Generally, each support element defines a wedge between two adjacent walls.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape de mise en place de tuyaux de plomberie et de câblages électriques dans le sol, en vue de l'alimentation future du bâtiment en eau et en électricité. Cette étape est classique et ne sera donc pas décrite en détail.The method then includes a step of placing plumbing pipes and electrical wiring in the ground, for future supply of the building in water and electricity. This step is traditional and will not be described in detail.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape de coulage d'une dalle de béton inférieure, recouvrant le sol et recouvrant les éléments de fondation, tout en laissant dépasser les éléments de support.The method then comprises a step of pouring a lower concrete slab, covering the ground and covering the foundation elements, while leaving the support elements protruding.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape de mise en place de traverses 14, chacune s'étendant entre deux éléments de support adjacents. Chaque traverse 14 est reliée aux éléments de support correspondants au moyen d'un organe de liaison 26 respectif, reposant sur cet élément de support. Chaque élément de support est généralement relié à deux, trois ou quatre traverses 14.The method then comprises a step of placing sleepers 14, each extending between two adjacent support members. Each crossmember 14 is connected to the corresponding support elements by means of a respective connecting member 26, resting on this support element. Each support member is generally connected to two, three or four cross members 14.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape de mise en place d'un montant 12 dans le prolongement de chaque élément de support. Ce montant 12 comporte une tige 16 comme décrit précédemment, qui est insérée dans l'organe de liaison 26 reposant sur cet élément de support, et qui s'étend jusqu'à l'intérieur de cet élément de support.The method then comprises a step of placing an amount 12 in the extension of each support member. This amount 12 comprises a rod 16 as described above, which is inserted into the connecting member 26 resting on this support member, and which extends to the inside of this support member.

L'extrémité inférieure du corps du montant 12 repose sur l'une des extrémités du corps de traverse 18 de chaque traverse 14 reliée à l'élément de support correspondant.The lower end of the body of the upright 12 rests on one end of the cross member body 18 of each cross member 14 connected to the corresponding support member.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape au cours de laquelle du béton est coulé dans chaque élément de support creux, emprisonnant ainsi chaque tige 16 dans l'élément de support correspondant. Ainsi, dans ce cas, la tige 16 est commune au montant 12 et à l'élément de support correspondant. En outre, la tige 16 est reliée aux fondations par l'intermédiaire de cet élément de support.The method then comprises a step in which concrete is poured into each hollow support member, thereby trapping each rod 16 in the corresponding support member. Thus, in this case, the rod 16 is common to the upright 12 and the corresponding support member. In addition, the rod 16 is connected to the foundations via this support member.

Avantageusement, du béton est également coulé dans chaque organe de liaison 26.Advantageously, concrete is also poured into each connecting member 26.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape de mise en place de parois de protection de part et d'autre de chaque traverse, puis une étape de coulage d'une dalle de béton formant plancher, d'une part dans un espace délimité par l'ensemble des traverses, puis d'autre part en une couche supplémentaire recouvrant les traverses 14.The method then comprises a step of placing protective walls on either side of each cross member, then a step of pouring a concrete slab forming a floor, on the one hand in a space delimited by the assembly. sleepers, then on the other hand an additional layer covering the sleepers 14.

Le procédé comporte ensuite une étape de mise en place de murs 42, chaque mur 42 s'étendant entre deux montants 12 adjacents.The method then comprises a step of placing walls 42, each wall 42 extending between two adjacent posts 12.

Une fois un mur 42 mis en place, une traverse 14 est mise en place dans le compartiment supérieur 48 de ce mur 42, la traverse 14 reposant à chacune de ses extrémités sur un montant 12 correspondant.Once a wall 42 is put in place, a cross member 14 is placed in the upper compartment 48 of the wall 42, the cross member 14 resting at each of its ends on a corresponding amount 12.

Ces traverses 14 sont reliées aux montants 12 correspondant au moyen d'organes de liaison 26 tels que décrits précédemment, chaque montant 12 formant un élément de support dans le sens du terme décrit précédemment.These crosspieces 14 are connected to the uprights 12 corresponding by means of connecting members 26 as described above, each amount 12 forming a support element in the sense of the term described above.

Les étapes précédentes de mise en place de montants supérieurs 12' dans le prolongement vertical des montants 12, d'une dalle de béton sur les traverses 14, puis de mise en place de nouveaux murs et nouvelles traverses entre les montants supérieurs 12' peuvent être reproduites autant de fois que souhaité, réalisant ainsi chaque fois un nouvel étage.The preceding steps of setting up upper amounts 12 'in the vertical extension of the uprights 12, a concrete slab on the cross members 14, then of setting up new walls and new crosspieces between the upper amounts 12' can be reproduced as many times as desired, thus realizing each time a new floor.

A chaque étage, les montants 12, 12' forment un élément de support, de la même manière qu'à chaque étage inférieur.On each floor, the uprights 12, 12 'form a support element, in the same way as on each lower floor.

Une fois le dernier étage souhaité atteint, le procédé comporte une étape de pose d'un toit, réalisée de manière classique.Once the desired last stage has been reached, the method comprises a step of laying a roof, carried out in a conventional manner.

Claims (9)

Structure de bâtiment (10), comportant au moins un élément de support (12, 12') et au moins une traverse (14) partiellement supportée par l'élément de support (12, 12') et s'étendant dans une direction longitudinale horizontale, caractérisée en ce que : - la traverse (14) comporte un corps de traverse (18) s'étendant entre deux extrémités, et une tige de contrainte (20) s'étendant dans la direction longitudinale à travers le corps de traverse (18), la tige de contrainte (20) dépassant au-delà de chaque extrémité du corps de traverse (18), - la structure de bâtiment (10) comporte, à au moins l'une des extrémités du corps de traverse (18), un organe (26) de liaison de la traverse (14) avec l'élément de support (12, 12'), reposant sur l'élément de support (12, 12') et fixé à la traverse (14) par l'intermédiaire de sa tige de contrainte (20). Building structure (10), comprising at least one support member (12, 12 ') and at least one cross member (14) partially supported by the support member (12, 12') and extending in a longitudinal direction horizontal, characterized in that : the cross-member (14) comprises a cross-member body (18) extending between two ends, and a constraining rod (20) extending in the longitudinal direction through the cross-member body (18), the constraint rod (20) protruding beyond each end of the transom body (18), - the building structure (10) comprises, at at least one of the ends of the cross member body (18), a member (26) for connecting the cross member (14) with the support element (12, 12 '). ), resting on the support member (12, 12 ') and attached to the cross member (14) via its constraining rod (20). Structure de bâtiment (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'organe de liaison (26) comporte : - une base (28), destinée à reposer sur l'élément de support (12, 12'), et - pour chaque traverse (14) adjacente, une plaque verticale (32) solidaire de la base (28), munie d'un orifice (34) de passage pour la tige de contrainte (20) de cette traverse (14). Building structure (10) according to claim 1, wherein the connecting member (26) comprises: a base (28) for resting on the support member (12, 12 '), and - For each adjacent crosspiece (14), a vertical plate (32) integral with the base (28), provided with a hole (34) for passage of the constraint rod (20) of the cross member (14). Structure de bâtiment (10) selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle la traverse (14) comporte, à chaque extrémité de son corps de traverse (18), une plaquette de maintien (22), plaquée contre cette extrémité par un premier écrou (24) vissé sur la tige de contrainte (20), la plaque verticale (32) correspondante de l'organe de liaison (26) étant prolongée par une jupe périphérique (38) délimitant, avec cette plaque verticale (32), un logement pour le premier écrou (24).Building structure (10) according to claim 2, wherein the crosspiece (14) comprises, at each end of its cross body (18), a holding plate (22), pressed against this end by a first nut (24). ) screwed on the stress rod (20), the corresponding vertical plate (32) of the connecting member (26) being extended by a peripheral skirt (38) delimiting, with this vertical plate (32), a housing for the first nut (24). Structure de bâtiment (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément de support (12, 12') comporte une tige (16) s'étendant dans une direction verticale.Building structure (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support member (12, 12 ') comprises a rod (16) extending in a vertical direction. Structure de bâtiment (10) selon la revendication 4, comprenant un montant supérieur (12') agencé au-dessus dudit élément de support (12), dans le prolongement vertical de cet élément de support (12), le montant supérieur (12') comprenant une tige (16') agencée dans le prolongement de la tige (16) de l'élément de support (12), la tige (16') du montant supérieur (12') étant connectée à la tige (16) de l'élément de support (12) par l'intermédiaire d'un manchon rigide (40) entourant partiellement chacune de ces tiges (16, 16').Building structure (10) according to claim 4, comprising a top post (12 ') arranged above said support element (12), in the vertical extension of this support element (12), the upper post (12') ) comprising a rod (16 ') arranged in the extension of the rod (16) of the support member (12), the rod (16 ') of the upper leg (12') being connected to the rod (16) of the support member (12) via a rigid sleeve (40) partially surrounding each of these rods (16, 16). '). Structure de bâtiment (10) selon la revendication 4 ou 5, dans laquelle l'organe de liaison (26) comporte un orifice (30) de passage pour la tige (16) de l'élément de support (12).Building structure (10) according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the connecting member (26) has a hole (30) for passage for the rod (16) of the support member (12). Structure de bâtiment (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant un mur (42) s'étendant entre l'élément de support (12, 12') et un autre élément de support parallèle audit élément de support (12, 12'), le mur (42) comportant deux cloisons parallèles (44) et un matériau (46) d'isolation thermique et/ou phonique agencé entre les deux cloisons parallèles, et la traverse (14) étant supportée par ledit élément de support (12, 12') et ledit autre élément de support, cette traverse (14) étant agencée dans un compartiment (48) du mur, délimité par les deux cloisons (44).A building structure (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a wall (42) extending between the support member (12, 12 ') and another support member parallel to said support member (12, 12 '), the wall (42) having two parallel partitions (44) and a material (46) of thermal and / or sound insulation arranged between the two parallel partitions, and the cross member (14) being supported by said support member (12, 12 ') and said other support member, the cross member (14) being arranged in a compartment (48) of the wall, delimited by the two partitions (44). Structure de bâtiment (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'élément de support (12, 12') est un montant.A building structure (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support member (12, 12 ') is an upright. Procédé de fabrication d'un bâtiment, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé au moyen d'une structure de bâtiment (10) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, et en ce qu'il comporte : - la mise en place d'au moins un élément de support (12, 12'), - la mise en place d'une traverse (14) partiellement supportée par l'élément de support (12, 12'), la traverse (14) comportant un corps de traverse (18) s'étendant entre deux extrémités, et une tige de contrainte (20) s'étendant à travers le corps de traverse (18) et dépassant au-delà de chaque extrémité du corps de traverse (18), et - la liaison de la traverse (14) avec l'élément de support (12, 12'), au moyen d'un organe (26) de liaison reposant sur l'élément de support (12, 12') et fixé à la traverse (14) par l'intermédiaire de sa tige de contrainte (20). A method of manufacturing a building, characterized in that it is realized by means of a building structure (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, and in that it comprises: placing at least one support element (12, 12 '), - The establishment of a cross member (14) partially supported by the support member (12, 12 '), the cross member (14) having a cross member body (18) extending between two ends, and a rod constraint (20) extending through the transom body (18) and protruding beyond each end of the transom body (18), and - the connection of the cross member (14) with the support member (12, 12 '), by means of a connecting member (26) resting on the support element (12, 12') and fixed to the crossbar (14) via its constraint rod (20).
EP17167783.4A 2016-04-25 2017-04-24 A building structure Withdrawn EP3239419A1 (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2232654A1 (en) * 1973-06-06 1975-01-03 Repeczky Georges
JPS5941544A (en) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-07 清水建設株式会社 Ramen prefabricated structure
JPH0525855A (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-02-02 Kajima Corp Post-beam joint structure
US20040103612A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2004-06-03 Tsuzuki Co., Ltd. Connection device for connection of building members and building

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2232654A1 (en) * 1973-06-06 1975-01-03 Repeczky Georges
JPS5941544A (en) * 1982-08-31 1984-03-07 清水建設株式会社 Ramen prefabricated structure
JPH0525855A (en) * 1991-07-18 1993-02-02 Kajima Corp Post-beam joint structure
US20040103612A1 (en) * 2002-12-03 2004-06-03 Tsuzuki Co., Ltd. Connection device for connection of building members and building

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FR3050469A1 (en) 2017-10-27

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