EP3233512B1 - Optisch variables durchsichtssicherheitselement - Google Patents

Optisch variables durchsichtssicherheitselement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3233512B1
EP3233512B1 EP15804317.4A EP15804317A EP3233512B1 EP 3233512 B1 EP3233512 B1 EP 3233512B1 EP 15804317 A EP15804317 A EP 15804317A EP 3233512 B1 EP3233512 B1 EP 3233512B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
facets
color
security element
optically variable
subregions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15804317.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3233512A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Fuhse
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Publication of EP3233512A1 publication Critical patent/EP3233512A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/364—Liquid crystals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/405—Marking
    • B42D25/425—Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optically variable see-through security element for securing valuables, having a planar, optically variable surface pattern, which shows a colored appearance with a viewing angle-dependent multicolor color change.
  • Data carriers such as valuables or identity documents, but also other valuables, such as branded goods, are often provided with security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • security elements for the purpose of security, which permit verification of the authenticity of the data carrier and at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • the perceived color depends not only on the viewing angle to the security element, but also on the direction to the light source, and also a corresponding security element for viewing the diffraction colors of the first order not directly in front of a light source may be held, but the security element must be kept something out of the direct line of connection.
  • the security element when the security element is tilted, all the rainbow colors are passed through, so that the color changes that occur are largely undefined and the observed color effects are often simply perceived by the untrained viewer as colorful.
  • holographic techniques are now also used outside the security area and therefore offer only limited protection against counterfeiting.
  • thin-film systems produce colors that change as a function of viewing angle due to interference in reflected light and transmitted light.
  • Different colors are usually realized by a variation of the layer thicknesses, for example the thickness of a dielectric spacer layer in a three-layer structure absorber / dielectric / absorber.
  • the adjustment of a desired color on the adaptation of the layer thicknesses is technologically very expensive.
  • One possibility is to print one or more dielectric layers in sections, but very high demands are placed on the uniformity of the printed layers and the lateral resolution is limited to the resolution achievable with the corresponding printing methods.
  • motif changes when tilting with such thin film systems are practically unrealizable.
  • a further solution consists of producing colors with transparent or semitransparently coated subwavelength structures in the transmitted and transmitted light which change when the structures are tilted.
  • DE 10 2009 053 925 A1 relates to a security element according to the preamble of claim 1, wherein through an opaque louver-like structure through an underlying motif image in view viewing angle is dependent visible or not visible.
  • an additional motif may be different by area Orientation of the shutter elements are displayed.
  • an additional motif may be formed by a thin-film element on the opaque layer. Proceeding from this, the present invention seeks to provide a see-through security element of the type mentioned, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the see-through security element should combine an appealing visual appearance with high security against counterfeiting and ideally be able to be produced in the commercial scale required in the security area.
  • the facets of a subarea have not only the same orientation but also the same shape and size.
  • the area occupied by each subarea on the optically variable surface pattern is in advantageous embodiments at least 50 times, preferably at least 100 times, more preferably at least 1000 times larger than the area occupied by a single facet of this surface area on average.
  • the sections usually contain a very large number of individual facets.
  • the facets of the at least two partial regions differ in inclination angle against the plane by 5 ° or more, preferably by 10 ° or more, particularly preferably by 20 ° or more.
  • the facets of the at least two partial regions differ in the azimuth angle in the plane by 45 ° or more, preferably by 90 ° or more, in particular by 180 °.
  • the facets of the surface pattern are preferably formed by flat surface pieces, which are each characterized by their shape, size and orientation.
  • the orientation of a facet is indicated by the inclination ⁇ against the plane of the surface pattern and by an azimuth angle ⁇ in the plane of the surface pattern.
  • the azimuth angle ⁇ is the angle between the projection of the normal vector of the facet on the plane of the surface pattern and a reference direction in the plane. Since the azimuth angle ⁇ depends on the choice of the reference direction, its absolute value has no meaning, but the difference of the azimuth angle of different sub-ranges, since this describes the different relative orientation of the facets in the associated sub-areas.
  • the dimension of the facets is preferably so large that no or hardly diffraction effects occur, so that the facets essentially act only radiation-optical.
  • the facets advantageously have a smallest dimension of more than 2 ⁇ m, preferably more than 5 ⁇ m, in particular more than 10 ⁇ m.
  • the facets preferably have a height below 100 ⁇ m, preferably below 50 ⁇ m, in particular below 10 ⁇ m.
  • the facets can be arranged regularly, for example in the form of a 1- or 2-dimensional periodic grid, for example a sawtooth grid, or else aperiodically.
  • Another possibility to suppress unwanted diffraction effects is to aperiodically offset the facets in their height above the surface area.
  • an aperiodic displacement of the facets there is no simple, regular relationship between the heights of adjacent facets, so that constructive interference of the light reflected at neighboring facets and thus the emergence of a superimposed diffraction pattern are reliably prevented. Details of such aperiodic displacement of the document WO 2012/055506 A1 are removed, the disclosure content of which is included in the present application in this respect.
  • a first example of an advantageous interference layer is a thin-film element with semitransparent metal layers and a dielectric spacer layer, in particular with a structure absorber / dielectric / absorber, wherein for example metals such as Ag, Au, Cr or Al can be used as absorber layers and SiO 2 , MgF 2 or polymers can be used as the dielectric layer.
  • Dielectric layer systems, in particular multilayer systems are also suitable as interference layer, in particular layer structures with at least one high-index layer, such as TiO 2 or ZnS, preferably combined with at least one low-index layer, such as SiO 2 or MgF 2 .
  • the thin-film element may also contain semiconductive layers, such as Si, for example, a thin-film structure of the Si / SiO 2 / Si layer sequence may be used.
  • semiconductive layers such as Si
  • dielectric spacer layers it is also possible, for example, to use polymers instead of oxides.
  • liquid-crystalline layers in particular with color-changing cholesteric liquid crystals, as the interference layer.
  • the entire optically variable surface pattern is advantageously provided with the same interference layer, which is applied simultaneously to all facets.
  • the interference layer can be further structured by subsequent process steps in order to produce interference-layer-free regions.
  • the interference layer depending on the inclination of the facets may have a locally different thickness, as explained in more detail below.
  • the interference layer has a layer thickness which does not depend significantly on the angle of inclination of the coated facets.
  • a substantially constant layer thickness can be achieved, for example, with non-directional coating methods be achieved or results in a coating with cholesteric liquid crystals in the form of constant distances of the planes with the same refractive index.
  • the facets are provided with an interference layer whose layer thickness varies with the inclination angle ⁇ of the facets, in particular decreases with increasing inclination angle ⁇ .
  • the present inventors have surprisingly found that such an interference layer can produce particularly strong color differences between facets of different inclinations.
  • a particularly large color palette for the colored appearances is available, which even allows the production of true color images, on the other hand can be realized in this way strong color change when tilting the surface pattern.
  • Such a varying layer thickness of the interference layer can be achieved, for example, by directional coating methods, such as vacuum evaporation methods. In such processes, the angle of inclination of the facets leads to an increase in the effective surface area, so that less material per unit area is deposited on inclined facets, and the resulting layer thickness thus strongly depends on the angle of inclination of the facets.
  • the facets are advantageously embossed in an embossing lacquer layer having a first refractive index.
  • a lacquer layer having a second refractive index which differs from the first refractive index of the embossing lacquer layer by less than 0.3, in particular by less than 0.1, is applied over the interference layer. Due to this essentially identical refractive index of the two paint layers, incident light traverses the security element independently of the local inclination angle ⁇ of the facets essentially without directional deflection, thus ensuring a uniform distribution of brightness in the plane of the surface pattern.
  • the at least two partial regions are arranged in the form of a motif, wherein the optically variable surface pattern shows the motif formed by the partial regions in review, at least in certain tilted positions of the security element with two or more different colors.
  • the inclination angles ⁇ and the azimuth angles ⁇ of the facets and the interference layer in the two subregions are advantageously matched to one another in such a way that the subregions display the same colors in a certain tilted position and different colors in other tilted positions.
  • the security element shows a motif that arises when tilted from a homogeneous appearing surface or disappears into a seemingly homogeneous surface.
  • both the inclination angles ⁇ of the facets, the azimuth angles ⁇ of the facets and the interference layer must be coordinated in the subregions such that the desired color effect is achieved.
  • the optically variable surface pattern advantageously contains at least two partial regions in which the facets have the same inclination angle a but azimuth angles ⁇ differing by 180 °.
  • the inclination angles ⁇ are advantageously greater than 5 °, particularly preferably greater than 10 °, and are for example 15 °, 20 ° or 25 °.
  • the optically variable surface pattern contains at least four partial regions, it is advantageously provided that the optically variable surface pattern contains a first and second partial region in which the facets have the same inclination angle ao but azimuth angles ⁇ differing by 180 °, and further a third and fourth sub-area, in which the facets have different inclination angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 and in which the azimuth angle ⁇ differs by 90 ° or 270 ° from the azimuth angle of the first and second sub-area.
  • the inclination angles ⁇ 0 are advantageously greater than 5 °, particularly preferably greater than 10 °, and are for example 15 °, 20 ° or 25 °. As explained in more detail below, can be realized in this way in a particularly simple manner, a tilt image with two different motifs.
  • tilt images with two different, even overlapping motifs can already be realized with an optically variable surface pattern with only three partial areas.
  • this usually requires an interleaving of the subregions assigned to the motifs, in which, as described in more detail below, the surface pattern is decomposed into narrow strips or small pixels.
  • the optically variable surface pattern contains at least three subregions in which the inclination angle ⁇ and the azimuth angle ⁇ of the facets and the interference layer are matched to one another so that the subregions appear in a tilted position as viewed in red, green or blue.
  • these colors are not tipped Security element, that is generated in vertical viewing.
  • the optically variable surface pattern may additionally have in the subregions a black mask which has been matched to the inclined facets and which serves to adjust the translucent brightness of the facets in the respective subregions.
  • the three subareas may, optionally together with the black mask, thereby advantageously represent the color separations of a true color image. In this way can be displayed in the selected tilt position in perspective realistic appearing true color images.
  • the invention also includes a data carrier with a see-through security element of the type described, wherein the see-through security element is preferably arranged in or over a window region or a through opening of the data carrier.
  • the data carrier may in particular be a value document, such as a banknote, in particular a paper banknote, a polymer banknote or a film composite banknote, but also an identity card, such as a credit card, bank card, cash card, authorization card, identity card or a Trade personalization page.
  • the invention further includes a method of fabricating an optically variable see-through security element in which a substrate is provided and the substrate is provided with a planar, optically variable area pattern which shows in phantom a colored appearance with a viewing angle dependent multicolor color change.
  • the optically variable surface pattern is generated with a plurality of substantially radiation-optical facets whose orientation is in each case by an inclination angle ⁇ against the plane of the surface pattern, which lies between 0 ° and 45 °, and by a Azimuth angle ⁇ is characterized in the plane of the surface pattern, the facets are provided with an interference layer with a viewing angle-dependent color change, and the optically variable surface pattern is generated with at least two subregions, each having a plurality of identically oriented facets, wherein the facets of the at least two Divide sections from each other in the angle of inclination against the plane and / or in the azimuth angle in the plane.
  • the facets are coated with the interference layer in a directional coating process, in particular in a vacuum vapor deposition process.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10 with an optically variable see-through security element 12 according to the invention, which is arranged over a continuous opening 14 of the banknote 10.
  • the security element 12 shows in phantom a colored appearance with a motif 16, 18 which has a viewing angle-dependent multicolor color change.
  • Fig. 1 shows the security element 12 in a vertical viewing perspective, a homogeneous, monochrome yellow area in which the value "10" of the foreground area 16 is not recognizable because of the lack of color difference to the background 18.
  • the security element 12 is tilted to the right or left (reference numerals 20-R, 20-L) and viewed at an oblique angle, the colors of the foreground 16 and the background 18 change in different ways, so that the value "10" clearly stands out in the tilted position due to the color difference.
  • the see-through color of the background area 18 changes from yellow to green
  • the see-through color of the foreground area 16 changes from yellow to red.
  • Tilting to the left 20-L results in reverse color changes, that is, the see-through color of the background area 18 changes from yellow to red, while the see-through color of the foreground area 16 changes from yellow to green.
  • the security element 12 thus shows in review from different viewing directions very different visual appearances, which is unexpected especially for transparency elements for the viewer and therefore has a high attention and recognition value.
  • Fig. 2 schematically shows the layer structure of the security element 12 according to the invention in cross section, wherein only the parts of the layer structure required for the explanation of the principle of operation are shown.
  • the security element 12 has a planar, optically variable surface pattern which contains a multiplicity of essentially radiation-optical facets 32.
  • the facets 32 are formed by flat surface pieces and are each characterized by their shape, size and orientation.
  • the orientation of a facet 32 is indicated by the inclination ⁇ to the plane 30 of the surface area and by an azimuth angle ⁇ in the plane 30, the azimuth angle ⁇ being the angle between the projection of the normal vector 46, 48 of a facet 32 the level 30 and a reference direction is Ref.
  • the azimuth angles ⁇ differ, however, by 180 °, so that the facets 32 are tilted to the left in the partial region 16, while the facets 32 are tilted to the left are tilted in the partial area 18 to the right.
  • the facets 32 of the surface pattern are embossed into a preferably transparent embossing lacquer 34 and, in the exemplary embodiment, have a square outline with a dimension of 20 ⁇ m ⁇ 20 ⁇ m.
  • the facets 32 are further provided with an almost transparent or at least semitransparent interference coating 36 which, when viewed, produces a color impression dependent on the viewing angle.
  • the interference coating 36 may be formed, for example, of a three-layer thin-film structure having two metallic semitransparent layers, such as aluminum, silver, chromium, gold, or copper, and an intervening dielectric spacer layer, such as SiO 2 , MgF 2, or a polymer.
  • the thickness of the interference coating 36 is independent of the inclination angle ⁇ of the facets 32.
  • a further resist layer 38 is applied, which has substantially the same refractive index as the resist layer 34, which ensures that incident light passes through the layer sequence of the security element 12 regardless of the local inclination angle ⁇ of the facets 32 substantially without directional deflection and thus a uniform Brightness distribution generated in the plane of the surface pattern.
  • the interference coating 36 of the facets produces a color impression in transmitted light that depends on both the direction of incidence of the light relative to the plane normal of the optically variable area pattern and the individual inclination angle of the facets 32, since both factors influence the angle of incidence of the light relative to the normal of the interference coating 36 ,
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows a calculated color spectrum of facets 32 with a three-layer interference coating 36 having a first, 25 nm thick silver layer, a SiO 2 spacer layer of thickness d and a second, 25 nm thick silver layer.
  • the transparency is initially outside the visible spectral range and then changes to blue (B), green (G) and yellow (Y) to red (R) for spacer layers with layer thicknesses in the range of about 130 nm After a region without visible see-through color, this sequence is repeated at higher layer thicknesses from 200 nm to about 350 nm.
  • the interference coating 36 therefore generates a red transmission color in the partial region 16.
  • the interference coating 36 therefore produces a green see-through color in the subregion 18.
  • the monochrome homogeneous color impression at normal incidence of light in Fig. 4 (a) is a consequence of the equality of the inclination angle ⁇ in the two sub-areas 16,18 with simultaneous azimuth angle difference of 180 °.
  • a security element 60 according to the invention can also show a tilted image in which different motifs are visible in different tilt positions, as is now the case with reference to FIG Fig. 5 explained.
  • Fig. 5 (a) first shows in plan the division of the optically variable surface pattern of the security element 60 into three sub-areas 62, 64, 66, which are arranged in the form of a background area 62, a first foreground area 64 (triangle) and a second foreground area 66 (circle).
  • Fig. 5 further shows in (b) to (d) the security element 60 in cross section in different tilted positions.
  • the security element 60 is basically like the security element 12 of Fig. 2
  • this tilted position only the motif of the second foreground region 66 is visible, since the motif of the first foreground region 64 merges with the background region 62 in the same color.
  • the first and second foreground areas now exchange their roles.
  • ⁇ 10 °
  • FIG Background area 62 generates a yellow transparency (the background color).
  • the foreground regions 64, 66 are spatially separated from each other in the plane of the surface pattern, and thus have no overlap. If tipping motives are to be realized with overlaps, this can be achieved, for example, by interleaving the subareas assigned to the motifs.
  • the surface pattern is decomposed into narrow strips or small pixels, alternately the first foreground motif 64 and the background motif 62 on the one hand and the second foreground motif 66 on the other hand and the background image 62 included.
  • the dimensions of the small strips or pixels are in particular below 300 .mu.m or even below 100 .mu.m, so that the division of the surface pattern with the naked eye is not recognizable or at least not noticeable.
  • the interleaving of overlapping representations with three subregions with different facet orientations usually leads to the fact that the chroma or the contrast of the see-through colors does not reach the maximum possible values, since the interleaving can in part only produce mixed colors, and mixed colors in general have a lower chroma than the original colors.
  • the optically variable area pattern is divided into four subareas 82, 84, 86, 88, which are in the form of a background area 82, a first foreground area 84 (square without circle segment 88), a second foreground area 86 (circular disk without circle segment 88) and an overlap region 88 (circle segment) are arranged.
  • the first foreground area 84 forms, together with the circle segment 88, the complete square as the first motif to be displayed
  • the second foreground area 86 together with the circle segment 88 as the second motif to be represented forms the complete circular disk.
  • the inclinations and azimuth angles of the facets in the four subregions are selected so that the security element 80 in a first tilted position in the transmitted light as the first motif to be displayed the complete square (first foreground area 84 and circle segment 88 together) with a uniform subject color and the remaining area pattern ( second foreground area 86 and background area 82) with a background color different from the subject color.
  • the security element 80 shows in transmitted light as the second motif to be displayed the complete circle (second foreground area 86 and circle segment 88 together) with the uniform subject color, while the remaining area pattern (first foreground area 84 and background area 82) appears with the background color.
  • the inclination and the azimuth angle of the facets in the background region 82 are thus selected such that they produce the background color both in the first and in the second tilt position.
  • the slope and azimuth angle of the facets in the first foreground area 84 are selected such that they produce the motif color in the first tilted position and the background color in the second tilted position, while the facets in the second foreground region 86 are selected such that they produce the background color in the first tilted position and the subject color in the second tilted position.
  • the inclination and the azimuth angle of the facets are selected such that they produce the motif color both in the first and in the second tilt position.
  • the required inclinations and azimuth angles in the various subregions can be determined, for example, by the following procedure, wherein it is concretely assumed that the first tilted position results from a tilting 90-0 of the security element 80 upwards at a certain angle, while the second tilted position by tilting 90-U of the security element 80 by the same angle down.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ that angle is defined for both foreground areas, which generates the desired subject color when the mirrors are inclined upwards or downwards in the first or second tilted position. This essentially corresponds to that already related to Fig. 2 described procedure.
  • the projections of the normal vectors of the facets are also drawn onto the plane of the surface pattern.
  • the facets in the portions 84, 86 have the same inclination angles ⁇ , while the azimuth angles ⁇ differ by 180 °. Because of the symmetry of the arrangement, this ensures that the first foreground area 84 in the first tilted position shows the same see-through color (subject color) as the second foreground area 86 in the second tilted position.
  • the first foreground area 84 shows the background color in the second tilted position, as does the second foreground area 86 in the first tilted position.
  • angles of inclination coated with the selected interference coating facets at an azimuth angle of 0 ° or 180 ° in the first tilt position, the subject color or the background color were also determined in a series of experiments at which angles of inclination coated with the selected interference coating facets at an azimuth angle of 0 ° or 180 ° in the first tilt position, the subject color or the background color.
  • These angles of inclination generally depend on the type of interference coating, the dependence of the interference layer thickness on the angle of inclination of the facets and the refractive indices of the embedding lacquer layers, but can easily be determined by a simple series of experiments. For example, it follows that the facets in the first tilt position at an azimuth angle of 0 ° and an inclination angle ⁇ M show the subject color and at an inclination angle ⁇ H show the background color. Because of the symmetry of the arrangement is then ensured that the facets this Show colors even in the second tilted position, as this is achieved by tilting the security element by the same
  • the thickness of the interference coating was independent of the tilt angle of the facets.
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows a calculated color spectrum of coated facets at normal incidence of light on the plane of the surface pattern, wherein the interference coating by a three-layer interference coating with a first 25 nm thick silver layer, a SiO 2 spacer layer of nominal thickness do and a second, also 25 nm thick silver layer is formed.
  • the nominal thickness d 0 is plotted on the abscissa, while the inclination angle ⁇ of the facets is plotted on the ordinate.
  • the pitch-dependent layer thickness significantly greater color differences are achieved. Since facets of different inclinations can be produced simply by embossing into an embossing lacquer layer 34, subareas of very different colors can be arranged with a high accuracy of a few micrometers to each other.
  • inventions described above can be realized not only with interference coating constant thickness, but advantageously also with an interference coating with tilt-dependent thickness, which can be generated, for example, tilt images with particularly strong color contrasts.
  • any color can be represented as additive color mixing of these three primary colors.
  • the subregions are formed for this purpose, for example, as in a conventional RGB display in the form of small pixels or stripes.
  • the brightness of the color areas in the individual pixels must be able to be specifically adjusted.
  • the color areas of individual pixels can be overprinted black or coated with an opaque metallization, the technological challenge being the exact registration of overprinting or of the coating.
  • FIG. 8 shows in (a) to (e) in cross section various intermediate stages in the production of the optically variable surface pattern 110, wherein only a small portion of the surface pattern is shown, namely just a single color pixel 112 with a red color range 114-R, a green color range 114-G and one blue color range 114-B.
  • the size of the color pixel 112 is, for example, 100 ⁇ m ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
  • elevations 116 are provided which later form the black area for each color area and whose area ratio to the facets is selected according to the desired brightness of the respective color area. If, for example, the red component in the color pixel 112 shown is to have a brightness of 70%, the facets occupy 70% and the elevations 30% of the total area of the color region 112-R.
  • the embossed lacquer layer 34 as in Fig. 8 (b) shown, over the entire surface with the selected interference coating 36 provided, such as the above-mentioned three-layer system of a first 25 nm thick silver layer, a nominally 330 nm thick SiO 2 spacer layer and a second 25 nm thick silver layer.
  • the selected interference coating 36 provided, such as the above-mentioned three-layer system of a first 25 nm thick silver layer, a nominally 330 nm thick SiO 2 spacer layer and a second 25 nm thick silver layer.
  • At least the SiO 2 spacer layer is produced by directional coating methods, for example by vertical vapor deposition, so that the described dependence of the actual layer thickness of the spacer layer on the angle of inclination ⁇ of the facets is established.
  • the interference coating 36 removed only on the elevations 116.
  • This can be done for example with a metal transfer method, as described in the document DE 10 2010 019 766 A1
  • an etch resist may be printed over the entire surface of the coated resist layer and doctored so that the resist remains only in the faceted depressions and the interference coating 36 may be etched away from the non-resist covered bumps.
  • a blackened photoresist 118 is applied to the opposite side of the surface pattern as in FIG Fig. 8 (d) and exposed from the upper side through the partially coated surface pattern (reference numeral 120) as shown in FIG Fig. 8 (e) shown.
  • the exposure dose is chosen so that the photoresist is removed during the exposure by the interference layer during development, the remains of the elevations 116 without interference layer exposed photoresist but stops.
  • a black mask 122 is obtained in this way on the back of the surface pattern, which is blackened exactly at the locations where there are no facets 32 provided with an interference layer 36, as in FIG Fig. 8 (f) shown.
  • the surface pattern of Fig. 8 (f) is then further processed by further process steps to the finished security element, for example by applying a further lacquer layer 38 to the interference coating 36 and by applying further protective or functional layers.
  • an auxiliary layer for example an opaque aluminum layer, which only serves to structure the photoresist 118, is also initially applied. After patterning the photoresist 118 to create the black mask in the step of Fig. 8 (f) the auxiliary layer is completely removed and the desired interference layer 36 is applied over the entire surface.
  • This variant offers the advantage that the interference coating neither in the exposure step ( Fig. 8 (e) ) can serve as a reliable exposure mask, nor that the interference coating etched away well ( Fig. 8 (c) ) must be. Rather, an auxiliary layer optimized for these requirements can be selected, while the interference coating is selected only on the basis of the desired coloring properties.
  • the black mask can also be produced by other methods, for example by metal transfer methods, etching methods or else directly or indirectly via laser ablation controlled by embossed structures.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
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EP15804317.4A 2014-12-18 2015-12-01 Optisch variables durchsichtssicherheitselement Active EP3233512B1 (de)

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DE102014019088.9A DE102014019088A1 (de) 2014-12-18 2014-12-18 Optisch variables Durchsichtssicherheitselement
PCT/EP2015/002414 WO2016096094A1 (de) 2014-12-18 2015-12-01 Optisch variables durchsichtssicherheitselement

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JP2018114696A (ja) * 2017-01-19 2018-07-26 凸版印刷株式会社 表示体
DE102017009226A1 (de) * 2017-10-04 2019-04-04 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Optisch variables Durchsichtssicherheitselement und Datenträger
JP7334414B2 (ja) * 2018-03-20 2023-08-29 凸版印刷株式会社 光学素子、転写箔、および、認証体
DE102018003030A1 (de) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Sicherheitselement, Verfahren zum Herstellen desselben und mit dem Sicherheitselement ausgestatteter Datenträger
DE102018118473A1 (de) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-06 Bundesdruckerei Gmbh Lichtsteuerfolie, Dokument mit einer Lichtsteuerfolie und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Dokumentes mit einer Lichtsteuerfolie
RU2712940C1 (ru) * 2018-12-26 2020-02-03 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военный учебно-научный центр Военно-воздушных сил "Военно-воздушная академия имени профессора Н.Е. Жуковского и Ю.А. Гагарина" (г. Воронеж) Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Способ имитации оптико-электронного средства
DE102019003214A1 (de) * 2019-05-07 2020-11-12 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Dekorelement mit Mehrschichtaufbau und Dekoreinrichtung
KR102214523B1 (ko) * 2019-07-31 2021-02-10 (주) 나노메카 위조 방지용 필름 구조물
CN112572015B (zh) * 2019-09-30 2023-06-06 中钞特种防伪科技有限公司 光学防伪元件及防伪产品
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DE102014019088A1 (de) 2016-06-23
CN107087404B (zh) 2018-12-25
US20180037049A1 (en) 2018-02-08
CN107087404A (zh) 2017-08-22
CA2963024A1 (en) 2016-06-23
CA2963024C (en) 2019-06-25
WO2016096094A1 (de) 2016-06-23
EP3233512A1 (de) 2017-10-25
AU2015366007B2 (en) 2018-03-08
US10124621B2 (en) 2018-11-13

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