EP3230534A1 - Panel with a hook-form locking system - Google Patents
Panel with a hook-form locking systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3230534A1 EP3230534A1 EP15804853.8A EP15804853A EP3230534A1 EP 3230534 A1 EP3230534 A1 EP 3230534A1 EP 15804853 A EP15804853 A EP 15804853A EP 3230534 A1 EP3230534 A1 EP 3230534A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- groove
- locking
- latching
- receiving
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 67
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 62
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001587 Wood-plastic composite Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011155 wood-plastic composite Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000012760 heat stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004676 acrylonitrile butadiene styrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002050 diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012764 mineral filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/02038—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements characterised by tongue and groove connections between neighbouring flooring elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/04—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of wood or with a top layer of wood, e.g. with wooden or metal connecting members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/10—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials
- E04F15/105—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements of other materials, e.g. fibrous or chipped materials, organic plastics, magnesite tiles, hardboard, or with a top layer of other materials of organic plastics with or without reinforcements or filling materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0138—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane
- E04F2201/0146—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels perpendicular to the main plane with snap action of the edge connectors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/01—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship
- E04F2201/0153—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement
- E04F2201/0161—Joining sheets, plates or panels with edges in abutting relationship by rotating the sheets, plates or panels around an axis which is parallel to the abutting edges, possibly combined with a sliding movement with snap action of the edge connectors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04F2201/023—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with a continuous tongue or groove
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/02—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
- E04F2201/027—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections connected by tongues and grooves, the centerline of the connection being inclined to the top surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2201/00—Joining sheets or plates or panels
- E04F2201/04—Other details of tongues or grooves
- E04F2201/043—Other details of tongues or grooves with tongues and grooves being formed by projecting or recessed parts of the panel layers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a panel, comprising a panel top and a panel underside and at least four panel edges, which face each other in pairs, with complementary retaining profiles provided in pairs at the panel edges, which match each other in such a way that similar panels can be fastened together one of the retaining profile pairs is provided with hook profiles, namely on a panel edge with a receiving hook and on the opposite panel edge with a locking hook.
- floor coverings are made, in particular, such panels are suitable for floating floor coverings.
- the panels usually have decorative surfaces.
- the panel to be proposed should be suitable for a "fold-down" locking method, using a panel type with one of the pairs of retaining profiles fitted with a modified tongue and groove profile, while the other pair of retaining profiles are fitted with the
- a new panel is angled and preferably brought with its spring profile edge against the groove profile edge of a lying panel or a row of panels.
- the new panel is swung down into the plane of the assembled panels and During the aforementioned swing-down movement, a positive-locking locking of the hook profiles is also generated at the same time one of the hook profiles moves like a scissors towards the other hook profile and hooks it in a positive fit. There is a lock instead.
- the proposed hook profiles are also suitable for a push-down locking.
- all of the panel pairs of support profiles must be connectable by a vertical movement, i. for example, by a lowering movement of a panel, namely in a direction perpendicular to the panel top (vertical). The fold-down method is then not applicable.
- a panel can not be locked at the end of a panel row because a wall in the way and the panel is too long.
- a panel e.g. cut with a saw to cut it to the required length.
- a new row of panels can be started with the separated residual piece of the panel.
- the complementary retaining profiles of a severed panel always fit together. In principle, therefore, complementary retaining profile edges of a severed panel can be locked together.
- WO 01/02670 proposes various hook profile pairs.
- the hook profiles are intended to facilitate horizontal pulling apart of the panels, i. in the panel plane and perpendicular to the locked panel edges. However, it appears in a load in said horizontal direction that the strength of the hook profiles is unsatisfactory.
- the invention proposes a panel comprising a panel top side and a panel bottom side and at least four panel edges which lie opposite each other in pairs, with complementary retaining profiles provided in pairs at the panel edges, which match one another such that similar panels can be fastened to one another.
- the receiving hook has a receiving panel directed to the top panel and an open to the panel top receiving groove and the locking hook with a is provided to the panel underside Arreierrand and provided with a bottom open to the panel locking groove
- the receiving edge has an inner side, which faces the receiving groove, and this inner side serves as a lower locking surface
- matching the Arre animal edge has an inner side, which faces the locking groove, and this inside serves as a corresponding upper locking surface, with the proviso that both the upper locking surface and the lower locking surface is each inclined relative to the Lot on the panel top side in that in the locked state they are aligned parallel to one another and can touch each other, the inclination of the locking surfaces being selected such that the normal vector on the lower locking surface intersects the panel top and the normal vector on the upper locking surface intersects the panel bottom, a lower one Verrastung is provided, which comprises
- the normal vector is directed perpendicularly outwards from the corresponding locking surface (not directed into the panel material).
- the normal vector includes, with the respective panel side which it intersects, in each case an angle which is equal to the angular dimension by which the locking surfaces are inclined relative to the perpendicular on the panel top side (change angle).
- the inclination of the locking surfaces relative to the solder on the top of the panel can be in an angular range a of 4 ° to 50 °.
- the angle ⁇ is in a range of 5 ° to 30 °, and more preferably in a range of 5 ° to 15 °.
- the panel is preferably made of a wood material, such as HDF, MDF or OSB, which also includes WPC (wood plastic composite) materials. Since the locking mechanism presupposes a certain elasticity, in particular in the region of the first and thus corresponding second latching means, the materials mentioned are suitable because of their certain elasticity.
- the panel material can also be a plastic, as for example in the case of LVT products (luxury vinyl tiles), because this plastic also has a certain elasticity.
- the hull of the panel is at least partially made of a plastic
- an embodiment of a hull made of a plastic or a wood-plastic composite material (WPC) exist.
- the carrier plate relates
- the hull is formed of a thermoplastic, elastomeric or thermosetting plastic.
- recycled materials from the materials mentioned can be used within the scope of the invention.
- Plate material is preferably used here, in particular of thermoplastic material, such as polyvinyl chloride, polyolefins (for example polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamides (PA), polyurethanes (PU), polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ( ABS), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or mixtures or co-polymerisates, irrespective of the base material of the support plate, plasticizers may be provided, for example, in one Range of ⁇ 0 wt .-% to ⁇ 20 wt .-%, in particular -510 wt .-%, preferably ⁇ 7 wt .-%, for example in a range of ⁇ 5 wt .-% to ⁇ 10 wt.
- a suitable plasticizer may include, for example, the softener marketed by BA
- thermoplastics also offer the advantage that the products made from them can be recycled very easily. It is also possible to use recycled materials from other sources. This results in a further possibility for reducing the production costs.
- Such support plates are very elastic or springy, which allows a comfortable impression when walking and also can reduce the occurring noises when walking in comparison to conventional materials, thus an improved impact sound insulation can be realized.
- the above-mentioned carrier plates offer the advantage of good water resistance since they have a swelling of 1% or less. This is true in a surprising way, in addition to pure plastic carriers for WPC materials, as they are explained in detail below.
- WPC materials may, for example, comprise stabilizers and / or other additives which may preferably be present in the plastic fraction.
- the carrier plate comprises or consists of a PVC-based material. Also, such materials can be used in a particularly advantageous manner for high-quality panels, which are easily usable, for example, even in wet rooms.
- the material of the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PE / PP block copolymer with wood.
- the proportion of the PE / PP block copolymer and the proportion of wood between - ⁇ 45 wt .-% and ⁇ 55 wt .-% are.
- the material of the carrier plate can have between ⁇ 0% by weight and ⁇ 10% by weight of further additives, such as flow aids, heat stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
- the particle size of the wood is between> 0 microns and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
- the material of the carrier plate may have wood with a particle size distribution D10 of> 400 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution is based on the volumetric diameter and refers to the volume of the particles.
- the material of the carrier plate is particularly preferably provided as granulated or pelletized pre-extruded mixture of a PE / PP block copolymer with wood particles of the stated particle size distribution.
- the granules and / or the pellets may preferably have a particle size in a range of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, preferably ⁇ 600 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm, in particular 800 800 ⁇ m to ⁇ 10 mm.
- the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PE / PP polymer blend with wood.
- the proportion of the PE / PP polymer blend and the proportion of the wood can be between> 45% by weight and ⁇ 55% by weight.
- the material of the carrier plate can have between ⁇ 0% by weight and ⁇ 10% by weight of other additives, such as flow aids, thermostabilizers or UV stabilizers.
- the particle size of the wood is between> 0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
- the carrier plate may have wood with a particle size distribution D10 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution is based on the volumetric diameter and refers to the volume of the particles. It is particularly preferred that the material of the carrier plate is specified as a granulated or pelletized pre-extruded mixture of a PE / PP polymer blend with wood particles
- the material of the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PVC polymer with chalk.
- the proportion of the PVC polymer and the amount of chalk can be between 545% by weight and 555% by weight.
- the material of the carrier plate can have between 5: 0% by weight and 510% by weight of further additives, such as, for example, flow aids, heat stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
- the particle size of the chalk is between> 0 ⁇ m and 5600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
- the material of the carrier plate can have chalk with a particle size distribution D10 of 5400 ⁇ m.
- the particle size distribution is related to the volumetric diameter and refers to the volume of the particles.
- the material of the carrier plate consists of a mixture of a PVC polymer with wood.
- the proportion of the PVC polymer and the wood content between ⁇ 45 wt .-% and - ⁇ 55 wt .-% are.
- the material of the carrier plate can have between ⁇ 0% by weight and ⁇ 10% by weight of other additives, such as flow aids, heat stabilizers or UV stabilizers.
- the particle size of the wood is between> 0 ⁇ m and ⁇ 600 ⁇ m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of ⁇ 400 ⁇ m.
- the material of the carrier plate may have wood with a particle size distribution D10 of S, 400 ⁇ m.
- the matrix material is in an amount, based on the material of the carrier, of ⁇ 30 wt .-% to ⁇ 70 wt .-%, in particular from ⁇ 40 wt .-% to ⁇ 60 wt .-%, and is the Solid material, based on the material of the carrier, in an amount, based on the material of the carrier plate, of ⁇ 30 wt .-% to ⁇ 70 wt .-%, in particular from ⁇ 40 wt .-% to ⁇ 60 wt .-% , For example, less than or equal to 50 wt .-% before. Furthermore, it is provided that the material of the carrier plate and the solid material together, based on the material of the carrier plate in an amount of ⁇ 95 wt .-%, in particular ⁇ 99 wt .-%, are present.
- the solid material may be formed by talcum for at least 50% by weight, in particular at least 80% by weight, for example 100%, based on the solid material.
- talc is understood in a conventional manner, a magnesium silicate, which may have, for example, the chemical empirical formula Mg3 [Si40lO (OH) 2].
- the solids content is advantageously formed at least by a large part of the mineral substance talcum, wherein this substance can be used for example as a powder form or in the form of particles in the material of the carrier plate.
- the solid material can consist of a pulverulent solid.
- the BET specific surface density of the talcum particles is in a range from ⁇ 4 m 2 / g to ⁇ 8 m 2 / g, approximately in one range from ⁇ 5 m2 / g to ⁇ 7 m2 / g.
- the talcum is present at a bulk density according to DIN 53468 in a range from ⁇ 0.15 g / cm 3 to ⁇ 0.45 g / cm 3, for example in a range of ⁇ 0.25 g / cm 3 to ⁇ 0.35 g / cm3.
- the matrix material in an amount, based on the material of the carrier plate, of ⁇ 30 wt .-% to ⁇ 70 wt .-%, in particular from ⁇ 40 wt .-% to ⁇ 60 wt .-% is present.
- Polypropylene is particularly suitable as a matrix material, since it is available on the one hand at low cost and furthermore has good properties as a thermoplastic material as a matrix material for embedding the solid material.
- a mixture of a homopolymer and a copolymer for the matrix material can make particularly advantageous properties possible.
- Such materials also have the advantage that they can already be formed into a carrier at low temperatures, such as in a range of ⁇ > 180 ° C. to ⁇ 200 ° C., in the method described above, so that a particularly effective method can be made possible, for example, with exemplary line speeds in a range of 6m / min.
- the homopolymer has a tensile strength according to ISO 527-2, which is in a range from ⁇ 30 MPa to ⁇ 45 MPa, for example in a range from ⁇ 35 MPa to ⁇ 40 MPa, in order to achieve good stability. to achieve quality.
- the tensile deformation of the homopolymer according to ISO 527-2 it may also be advantageous if it is in a range of ⁇ 5% to ⁇ 13%, for example in a range of ⁇ 8% MPa to ⁇ 10%.
- the Vicat softening temperature according to ISO 306 / A for an injection-molded component is within a range of ⁇ 130 ° C. MPa to ⁇ 170 ° C., for example in a range of ⁇ 145 ° C to ⁇ 158 ° C.
- the solid material may also be advantageous for the solid material to have at least one further solid in addition to talcum. This refinement may in particular make it possible for the weight of the material of the carrier plate or a panel formed with the material of the carrier plate to be significantly reduced compared with a material of the carrier plate or panel in which the solid material consists of talcum , Thus, the solids added to the solid material may in particular have a reduced density compared to talc.
- the further solid may be selected from the group consisting of wood, for example in the form of wood flour, expanded clay, volcanic ash, pumice, aerated concrete, in particular inorganic foams, cellulose.
- wood for example in the form of wood flour, expanded clay, volcanic ash, pumice, aerated concrete, in particular inorganic foams, cellulose.
- aerated concrete this may be, for example, the solid used by the company Xella under the trade name YTONG, which consists essentially of quartz sand, lime and cement, or the aerated concrete may have the abovementioned constituents.
- the added solid this can be constructed, for example, from particles which have the same particle size or particle size distribution as the particle sizes or particle size distributions described above for talcum.
- the further solids may in particular be present in a proportion in the solid material which is in a range of ⁇ 50% by weight, in particular ⁇ 20% by weight, for example ⁇ 10% by weight, further for example ⁇ 5% by weight, lies.
- it can be provided, for example, for wood, in particular for wood flour, that its particle size is between> 0 .mu.m and .ltoreq.600 .mu.m with a preferred particle size distribution D50 of .gtoreq.400 .mu.m.
- the material of the carrier plate may comprise hollow microspheres.
- Such additives can in particular cause the density of the carrier plate and thus of the panel produced can be significantly reduced, so that a particularly simple and cost-effective transport and also a particularly comfortable laying can be ensured.
- the insertion of hollow microspheres can ensure a stability of the produced panel, which is not significantly reduced compared to a material without hollow microspheres. Thus, stability is sufficient for most of the applications.
- Under microbubbles may be understood in particular structures that have a hollow body and have a size or a maximum diameter, which is in the micrometer range.
- usable hollow spheres may have a diameter which is in the range of ⁇ 5 ⁇ m to ⁇ 100 ⁇ m, for example ⁇ 20 ⁇ m to ⁇ 50 ⁇ m.
- material of the hollow microspheres basically any material is considered, such as glass or ceramic.
- the weight plastics for example PVC, also used in the material of the carrier plate, for example PVC, PE or PP, may be advantageous, these possibly being deformed during production, for example by suitable additives. driving can be prevented.
- the hardness of the material of the carrier plate may have values in a range of 30-90 N / mm 2 (measured according to Brinell).
- the modulus of elasticity can range from 3,000 to 7,000 N / mm 2 .
- the portion of the groove bottom of the locking groove and the part of the top of the receiving edge can be aligned parallel to each other in the locked state.
- the receiving groove of a hook profile is such that the locking edge of the complementary hook profile fits into the receiving groove and the locking groove of the complementary hook profile is such that the receiving edge of the one hook profile fits into the locking groove.
- the first locking means of the lower latching a latching recess and that the second latching means of the lower latching have a mating latching projection.
- an upper latching which has a first latching means on an outer side of the arresting edge, and a second latching means corresponding thereto is provided on a recessed groove flank of the receiving slot.
- the first latching means of the upper latching arrangement expediently has a latching projection and that second latching means of the upper latching mechanism has a matching latching recess.
- first locking means of the upper latching a locking recess and that the second locking means of the upper latching have a mating latching projection.
- a further benefit is obtained if at least one free space is provided between the underside of the arresting edge and the groove bottom of the receiving groove.
- the space can absorb dirt particles or other loose particles.
- particles from the edge of the panel can be used replace, which should not settle between joining surfaces of the hook profiles. Otherwise, they could hinder a positionally correct locking of the hook profiles.
- an underside of the Arretierrand in the locked state at least partially touches the groove bottom of the receiving groove. If a load presses on the upper side of the panel in the region of the arresting edge, the arresting edge can bear this load because its lower side is supported on the groove base of the receiving hook's receiving groove.
- the receiving edge expediently has a transition to the inside of the receiving groove, wherein the transition is provided with a curvature.
- the curvature provides edge protection. It can also serve to guide the locking edge when it comes into contact with the curvature. Thus, the Arretierrand along the curvature is moved down into the receiving groove.
- FIG. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a panel according to the invention, the panel being shown sectioned in order to illustrate its opposite hook profile in the unlocked state
- FIG. 4 shows the hook profiles of the panel according to FIG. 3
- Fig. 4b an alternative for Fig. 4a
- FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of hook profiles of the panel according to FIG. 3 in the locked state
- Fig. 5a shows an enlarged detail according to section Va
- FIG. 8a shows an enlarged detail according to the detail of the villa in FIG. 8
- Fig. 8b is an alternative to Fig. 8a
- FIG. 9 shows another embodiment of hook profiles of the panel according to FIG. 3 in the locked state, FIG.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective fold-down method for locking panels according to the prior art.
- a new panel 1 obliquely angled with a spring profile edge 2 is brought forward to a groove profile edge 3 of a lying panel 4 a previous row of panels.
- the new panel 1 is pivoted down into the plane of the assembled panels, with an identical panel 5 already lying in the same row of panels. Due to the pivoting joining movement, tongue and groove edges lock together.
- the new panel 1 also has a pair of hook le, namely a receiving hook (not shown) and a locking hook 6.
- the locking hook 6 of the new panel 1 is moved towards the complementary receiving hook 7 of the identical panel 5 in a scissor-like manner.
- the locking hook 6 hooks with the receiving hook 7, and simultaneously with the locking of the tongue and groove profile edge, a positive-locking locking of the hook profiles takes place.
- Fig. 1 the structure of a floor surface is indicated.
- a new panel is always applied to the left continuously.
- FIG. 2 shows a second example of a fold-down method for locking panels described in the prior art. It differs from the method of Fig. 1 only in that a new panel must be applied continuously to the right, i. the panel edges, which have the receiving hook or the locking hook, have been interchanged with respect to the example of FIG.
- FIG. 3 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a panel 1 according to the invention with a panel top side la and a panel bottom side lb, wherein only one pair of retaining profiles of the panel is shown in simplified form.
- the holding profile pair shown here has complementary hook profiles, namely a locking hook 6 (top) and a receiving hook 7 (bottom).
- the receiving hook 6 has a receiving edge 8 facing the panel top 1a and a receiving groove 9 which is open towards the top of the panel.
- the locking hook 7 is provided with a locking edge 10 directed towards the panel bottom 1b and with a locking groove 11 open to the panel bottom 1b.
- the inclination of the lower locking surface 12 is so selected that the normal vector N 12 which is addressed tet from the lower locking surface 12 perpendicularly outward, the Paneeloberseite la cuts.
- the normal vector Ni 3 is directed vertically outward on the upper locking surface 13, so that this normal vector N 13 intersects the opposite panel underside 1 b.
- the panel top 1a and the normal vector N 12 include an angle that is just as large as the above-mentioned angle ⁇ (angle of change). The same applies to the underside of the panel, which includes an equal angle (change angle) with the normal vector N 13 .
- the arm With an underside 10 a of the arresting edge 10, the arm retierhaken 7 firmly on a groove bottom 9a of the receiving groove 9 of the receiving hook 6. If a load on the top panel la presses in the region of the Arretierrands 10, the Arre tierrand 10 can carry this load, because its underside 10a supported on the groove bottom 9a of the receiving groove 9 is.
- a lower catch 14 is provided.
- This comprises on the receiving hook 7 a first latching means in the form of a protruding latching projection 15.
- the latching projection 15 is arranged on an outer side 8a of the receiving edge 8.
- a second latching means in the form of a latching recess 16 is provided on the locking hook 7.
- the detent recess 16 is arranged on a recessed groove flank IIa of the locking groove 11.
- a transition from the upper side 8b of the receiving edge 8 to the lower locking surface 12 is provided on the receiving hook 6.
- the transition is formed as a curvature 17.
- the curvature 17 is a radius in the present example.
- a transition with a curvature 18 between the portion IIb of the groove bottom of the locking groove 11 and the upper locking surface 13 is provided on the locking hook.
- the curvature 17 on the receiving edge provides edge protection and a guide surface. The edge protection is stronger than the protective effect a phase which chen width and height, as the curvature 17.
- the curvature 18 forms a throat. It has a radius in the present example and serves for stability in the transition area from the upper locking surface 13 to the groove bottom of the locking groove 11.
- FIG. 4 the hook profiles from FIG. 3 are shown in the locked state.
- the lower catch 14 counteracts a height offset of the two panel tops 1a, i. A movement apart of the panel edges perpendicular to the panel surface is counteracted.
- a closed joint F also forms in the horizontal direction on the panel surface 1a.
- An outer side 10b of the retaining edge 10 is in contact with a recessed groove flank 9b of the receiving groove 9 at this joint.
- a gap 19 is present between the inclined portion IIb of the groove bottom of the locking groove and the inclined portion 8b of the top of the receiving edge 8. This promotes the avoidance of a height offset on the joint F of the panel top 1a.
- the gap 19 provides a certain compliance of the locking hook 7. It has a place with its smallest thickness, which is located where the locking groove 11 is the lowest. The resulting flexibility can be used because the gap 19 creates space into which deformation can take place.
- FIG. 4a shows a detail which enlarges a detail which is noted in FIG. 4 with IVa.
- the locking projection 15 is provided on the receiving hook 6, namely on the outer side 8a of the receiving edge 8.
- the locking recess is provided on the locking hook 7 and there at a back offset groove flank IIa of the locking groove 11th
- a latching recess 15a is arranged on the receiving hook 6, specifically on the outer side 8a of the receiving edge 8.
- a latching projection 16a is then provided on the latching hook 7, namely on the recessed groove flank 11a of the locking groove 11.
- FIG. 5 A further exemplary embodiment of a panel with special hook profiles is proposed in FIG. 5. This is based on the exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4. This is distinguished by an additional upper catch 20.
- the upper catch 20 has on the locking hook 7 a first latching means in the form of a latching projection 21, which is arranged on the outer side 10b of the arresting edge 10. It acts together with a corresponding second locking means on the receiving hook 6, which is provided on the set-back groove flank 9b of the receiving groove 9.
- the second latching means forms a latching recess 22, as best seen in the section of FIG. 5a.
- FIG. 5 a enlarges the detail which is designated Va in FIG. 5.
- a latching recess 21 a is arranged on the locking hook, namely on the outside of the arresting edge 10.
- a latching projection 22a is provided on the receiving hook and indeed on the recessed groove flank 9b of the receiving groove.
- FIG. 6 shows hook profiles which, starting from FIGS. 3 and 4, have a change.
- a free space 23 is formed between the groove base 9a of the receiving groove 9 of the receiving hook 6 and one Bottom 10a of the locking edge 10 of the locking hook 7 extends.
- the free space 23 extends as far as the outer side 10b of the arresting edge 10 or up to the recessed groove flank 9b of the receiving groove 9.
- the clearance 23 may receive dirt particles or other loose particles. In the case of wood-based panels, for example, particles can detach from the edge of the panel. Detached parts should not reach between the joining surfaces of the hook profiles and settle there, otherwise they would hinder a positionally correct locking of the hook profiles.
- the free space 23 proposed in FIG. 6 is formed in the shape of a slit.
- the gap-shaped clearance 23 continues towards the bottom of the groove 9a and in this way creates the desired space for receiving unwanted particles.
- FIG. 7 shows hook profiles which, starting from FIGS. 3 and 4, also have a change in such a way that, in the locked state of the hook profiles, a free space 24 is formed which extends between the groove bottom 9a of the receiving groove 9 of the receiving groove. kens 6 and a bottom 10 a of the Arretierrands 10 of the locking hook 7 extends.
- the free space 24 extends as far as the lower locking surface 12 of the receiving hook 6 or approaching the upper locking surface 13 of the locking hook 7.
- the underside 10 a of the arresting edge 10 is provided with a flat shoulder 24 a, which protrudes from the underside 10 a of the arrester edge 10.
- the space 24 can also absorb dirt particles or other loose particles and absorb any detached wood particles in panels made of wood materials, which would otherwise fix file between the joining surfaces of Hakenpro- and would hinder a positionally correct locking the hook profiles.
- the remaining portion of the bottom 10a is in the locked state with the groove bottom 9a of the receiving groove 9 in contact and thereby supported.
- FIG. 8 also shows Hakenpro- file, starting from the figures 3 and 4. Compared to these figures, only the lower catch 14 has been modified. According to FIG. 8, the latching projection 15 of the receiving hook 6 protrudes farther from the outer side 8a of the receiving edge 8 than in FIG. 4. The depth of the latching recess 16 is unchanged from FIG. This creates a gap 25 between the outside 8a and the set-back groove flank IIa of the locking groove 11 of the locking hook 7. The gap 25 improves the latchability of the lower catch 14th
- FIG. 8a the lower catch 14 is enlarged as a section.
- FIG. 8b An alternative to Fig. 8a shows the detail of FIG. 8b. Thereafter, the position of locking recess and locking projection is reversed.
- a detent recess 15a is now arranged on the receiving hook 6 and that on the outer side 8a of the receiving edge 8.
- a latching projection 16a is provided for this purpose on the locking hook 7 on its recessed groove flank IIa of the locking groove 11.
- FIG. Another embodiment of hook profiles of the panel is shown in FIG. This, too, is based on FIGS. 3 and 4 and furthermore integrates all the changes proposed in the examples of FIGS. 5, 6, 7 and 8.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Floor Finish (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
- Hooks, Suction Cups, And Attachment By Adhesive Means (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
- Vehicle Step Arrangements And Article Storage (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PT182028811T PT3467233T (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Floor panel with a mechanical locking system |
SI201531241T SI3230534T1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
EP24167945.5A EP4372181A3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel |
RS20200708A RS60457B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
PL15804853T PL3230534T4 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
PL20167421T PL3705659T3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
EP21206764.9A EP3981931B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with hook-shaped locking system |
DK18202881.1T DK3467233T3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | FLOOR PANEL WITH A MECHANICAL LOCK SYSTEM |
EP18202881.1A EP3467233B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Floor panel with a mechanical locking system |
PL18202881T PL3467233T3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Floor panel with a mechanical locking system |
EP20167421.5A EP3705659B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
HRP20200972TT HRP20200972T1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2020-06-19 | Panel with a hook-form locking system |
CY20201100737T CY1123178T1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2020-08-06 | FLOOR PLATE WITH MECHANICAL LATCHING SYSTEM |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14196822.2A EP3031998B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
PCT/EP2015/078854 WO2016091819A1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-form locking system |
Related Child Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20167421.5A Division EP3705659B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
EP21206764.9A Division EP3981931B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with hook-shaped locking system |
EP24167945.5A Division EP4372181A3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel |
EP18202881.1A Division-Into EP3467233B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Floor panel with a mechanical locking system |
EP18202881.1A Division EP3467233B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Floor panel with a mechanical locking system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3230534A1 true EP3230534A1 (en) | 2017-10-18 |
EP3230534B1 EP3230534B1 (en) | 2020-04-22 |
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Family Applications (6)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14196822.2A Active EP3031998B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
EP21206764.9A Active EP3981931B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with hook-shaped locking system |
EP18202881.1A Active EP3467233B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Floor panel with a mechanical locking system |
EP20167421.5A Active EP3705659B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
EP24167945.5A Pending EP4372181A3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel |
EP15804853.8A Active EP3230534B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
Family Applications Before (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14196822.2A Active EP3031998B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2014-12-08 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
EP21206764.9A Active EP3981931B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with hook-shaped locking system |
EP18202881.1A Active EP3467233B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Floor panel with a mechanical locking system |
EP20167421.5A Active EP3705659B1 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel with a hook-like locking system |
EP24167945.5A Pending EP4372181A3 (en) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-12-07 | Panel |
Country Status (25)
Country | Link |
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US (4) | US10738477B2 (en) |
EP (6) | EP3031998B1 (en) |
JP (2) | JP6854761B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102493452B1 (en) |
CN (3) | CN111877677A (en) |
AT (1) | AT17258U1 (en) |
AU (2) | AU2015359590B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112017012129B1 (en) |
CA (2) | CA2970056C (en) |
CY (3) | CY1119858T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202015009670U1 (en) |
DK (3) | DK3031998T3 (en) |
ES (4) | ES2653662T3 (en) |
HR (4) | HRP20211998T1 (en) |
HU (3) | HUE037701T2 (en) |
LT (3) | LT3031998T (en) |
MY (1) | MY183479A (en) |
NO (1) | NO3031998T3 (en) |
PL (4) | PL3031998T4 (en) |
PT (3) | PT3031998T (en) |
RS (3) | RS56653B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2711586C2 (en) |
SI (3) | SI3031998T1 (en) |
UA (1) | UA122566C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016091819A1 (en) |
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CN109826391A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2019-05-31 | 湖南工业大学 | A kind of bayonet type connector and plate |
CN109826391B (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2024-01-26 | 湖南工业大学 | Lock catch type connecting piece and plate |
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