EP3228797B1 - Escape sliding door - Google Patents

Escape sliding door Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3228797B1
EP3228797B1 EP17165532.7A EP17165532A EP3228797B1 EP 3228797 B1 EP3228797 B1 EP 3228797B1 EP 17165532 A EP17165532 A EP 17165532A EP 3228797 B1 EP3228797 B1 EP 3228797B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
door leaf
sliding door
pressure chamber
air
door according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP17165532.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3228797A1 (en
EP3228797B8 (en
Inventor
Luigi De Candido
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Elkuch Elsenring AG
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Elkuch Elsenring AG
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Publication of EP3228797A1 publication Critical patent/EP3228797A1/en
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Publication of EP3228797B8 publication Critical patent/EP3228797B8/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/32Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
    • E06B3/34Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing with only one kind of movement
    • E06B3/42Sliding wings; Details of frames with respect to guiding
    • E06B3/46Horizontally-sliding wings
    • E06B3/4636Horizontally-sliding wings for doors
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05DHINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D13/00Accessories for sliding or lifting wings, e.g. pulleys, safety catches
    • E05D13/10Counterbalance devices
    • E05D13/14Counterbalance devices with weights
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05DHINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
    • E05D15/00Suspension arrangements for wings
    • E05D15/06Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding horizontally more or less in their own plane
    • E05D15/0621Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides
    • E05D15/0626Details, e.g. suspension or supporting guides for wings suspended at the top
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05FDEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F15/00Power-operated mechanisms for wings
    • E05F15/50Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators
    • E05F15/56Power-operated mechanisms for wings using fluid-pressure actuators for horizontally-sliding wings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05FDEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
    • E05F5/00Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
    • E05F5/003Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers for sliding wings
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06BFIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B5/00Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor
    • E06B5/10Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes
    • E06B5/12Doors, windows, or like closures for special purposes; Border constructions therefor for protection against air-raid or other war-like action; for other protective purposes against air pressure, explosion, or gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an escape sliding door for the separation of a tube of a traffic tunnel from an escape route according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Escape doors are known from the prior art, which separate the tube of a traffic tunnel escape routes.
  • the separation is important in that in the escape routes in normal operation, an air pressure of about 50 to 80 Pa is present.
  • the air pressure in the escape route is increased to 450 to 500 Pa in order to keep the escape route smoke-free in case of fire.
  • Sliding doors are preferably used as escape doors, since the overpressure in the event of an event acts transversely to the opening direction. As a result, the pushing force for opening the escape door is less than the required opening force for opening a conventional revolving door.
  • the sliding door is opened, there is inevitably a pressure equalization between the two door sides in the event of an event. The resulting suction counteracts the opening force.
  • sliding doors used as escape doors are very difficult to open in the first 100 mm of the opening path, since pressure equalization takes place during this opening path.
  • Such escape sliding doors in tunnels also have an automatic locking mechanism by a counterweight pulling the sliding door.
  • a hydraulic brake or a hydraulic running controller is provided, in which an oil in a cylinder is forced through a constriction.
  • the viscosity of the oil is temperature-dependent and so it may happen at low temperatures in a tunnel that the controller prevents complete closing of the escape sliding door.
  • the present invention initiates the task to improve a generic escape sliding door.
  • this should always be automatically closed regardless of the temperature or temperature fluctuations and open in normal operation and in case of events with little use of force.
  • the solution of the problem is achieved in an escape sliding door in that the run controller is realized by a first pressure chamber of a pneumatic cylinder, from which air can leak throttled and that the pneumatic cylinder acts by the pressurization of the first pressure chamber as an actuator for opening the door leaf.
  • the run controller is realized by a first pressure chamber of a pneumatic cylinder, from which air can leak throttled and that the pneumatic cylinder acts by the pressurization of the first pressure chamber as an actuator for opening the door leaf.
  • the closing speed of the door leaf is damped. Since the air always flows from the first pressure chamber at the same speed regardless of the tunnel temperature, the closing speed with which the counterweight pulls the door leaf is temperature-independent.
  • the use of hydraulic fluids for damping is temperature-dependent, since the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid increases with decreasing temperature.
  • the pneumatic cylinder acts not only as an attenuator for running control of the door leaf but it also acts as an opening aid for moving the door leaf in the opening direction.
  • the pneumatic cylinder is therefore used to improve the opening and closing of the escape sliding door.
  • the invention is preferably characterized in that a compression spring is integrated in the pneumatic cylinder.
  • the opening aid by the compressed in the closed state of the door leaf compression spring is at the beginning of moving the door leaf in the opening direction directly available.
  • the compression spring strengthens the opening aid at the beginning of the opening stroke when the opening force is greatest due to the suction. If the compression spring completely expanded after about 100 mm, also the suction effect decreased by increase of a passage.
  • the pneumatic cylinder comprises a cylinder housing, a piston and a piston rod, wherein the piston rod connected to the door leaf is retracted when the door leaf is in the closed position. This makes it possible that the door leaf is pushed by the extension of the piston rod.
  • the cylinder housing is fixed and the piston rod is displaceable together with the door leaf. This arrangement leads to a reliable opening aid and an effective closing damping with only one actuator.
  • the invention is also preferably characterized in that the compression spring can act in the compressed state with a first auxiliary force of 7 to 13 N and preferably 9 to 11 N in the opening direction of the door leaf.
  • the opening force is sufficiently enhanced by the compression spring and the spring can still be compressed by the counterweight until the door leaf is completely closed.
  • the first auxiliary power may be sufficient to open the sliding door with little force. Then the auxiliary power of the first pressure chamber for opening the sliding door is not necessary.
  • a second auxiliary force of 80 to 500 N and preferably of 100 to 450 N can be generated in the first pressure chamber, which can act in the opening direction of the door leaf.
  • the opening force, which is required for sliding the door leaf, can be reduced to below 50 N by this second auxiliary power.
  • the door leaf can therefore be postponed easily even in case of an event with maximum suction.
  • the size of the second auxiliary power is adjustable to the overpressure which prevails in the escape route in the event of an incident. The greater the overpressure, the greater the second auxiliary power must be to compensate for the suction effect when opening the sliding door.
  • a compressed air compressor feeds a pressure accumulator, which can fill the first pressure chamber at least 10 times without having to be refilled itself.
  • the opening aid therefore remains effective even in the event of a power failure.
  • the second auxiliary power is adjustable by a pressure regulator, which regulates the pressure in the pressure accumulator.
  • the second auxiliary power can be made dependent on the air pressure in the pressure accumulator. It is also conceivable that the pressure regulator, depending on the pressure prevailing in the escape route overpressure, allows more or less compressed air to flow from the pressure accumulator into the first pressure chamber.
  • the first pressure chamber is in air-conducting communication with a first air inlet valve and a throttle check valve as a first air outlet valve.
  • a first air inlet valve and a throttle check valve as a first air outlet valve.
  • the air flow rate of the throttle check valve is adjustable. This allows precise implementation of the desired closing speed. A stay open the sliding door is therefore not due to the exact adjustment options on the throttle check valve and caused by the counterweight automatic closing.
  • the size of the counterweight can be optimized by an appropriate choice of weight plates.
  • the pneumatic cylinder comprises a second pressure chamber, which is spatially separated from the first pressure chamber by the piston and is in air-conducting communication with a second air inlet valve and a second air outlet valve.
  • the second air inlet and outlet valves allow the piston rod to be extended and retracted as far as possible without dragging dirt into the second pressure chamber.
  • the air flow rate of these second valves is adjustable in order to optimize the opening and closing movement of the door leaf.
  • the door leaf comprises a tilting handle whose actuation causes a filling of the first pressure chamber with compressed air and releases a trigger pin.
  • the second assistant stands immediately when sliding the door leaf Available.
  • the assistant overcomes the initial friction at the beginning of the opening, which is due to the increased air pressure on the escape route side. If the suction effect is greatest after opening the sliding door by approx. 50 to 100 mm, the first and second auxiliary forces are also close to their maximum.
  • the assistants sink in the further course of the door opening, since the volume of the first pressure chamber increases and the pressure spring relaxes. The suction effect diminishes with further opening of the sliding door.
  • the removal of the auxiliary forces is not a problem because the force required to open the sliding door with increasing passage opening also decreases.
  • the first pressure chamber in response to the air pressure in the escape route is pressurizable.
  • the opening force is available as a function of the overpressure in the escape route or the magnitude of the suction effect and can therefore be kept constant independently of the external parameters.
  • control for moving the door leaf between the two positions is a pneumatic control and is independent of a power supply.
  • the entire pneumatic control is preferably constructed purely mechanically. The door leaf can therefore be opened in a power outage with the help of the first and second auxiliary power easier.
  • the auxiliary force which acts in the opening direction of the door leaf, formed either of the first auxiliary power or the sum of the first and the second auxiliary power.
  • the first auxiliary force acting by expanding the compression spring alone may be sufficient to satisfactorily facilitate the opening of the door panel.
  • the first pressure chamber does not have to be pressurized with compressed air in this case.
  • the first and second auxiliary forces are needed to ensure sufficient support to open the door panel.
  • the escape sliding door 11 comprises a door leaf 13, which is displaceable between an open position and a closed position.
  • the door leaf 13 closes an escape route with respect to the tube of a traffic tunnel.
  • the door leaf 13 runs along a running rail 15th
  • the inventive escape sliding door 11 therefore has an opening aid, which keeps the opening force below 50 N both in normal operation and in the event of an event.
  • a pneumatic cylinder 17 is provided along the running rail 15.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 17 comprises a cylinder housing 19.
  • a piston 21 and a piston rod 23 attached thereto are displaceable.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 17 fulfills three tasks and is adapted to the respective requirements during normal operation and in case of an event.
  • a first pressure chamber 25 is provided, which faces away from the piston rod 23.
  • the first pressure chamber 25 acts as a running controller, which regulates the closing speed of the door leaf 13 when closing.
  • the opened door leaf 13 is pulled by a counterweight 27, which is lifted when opening the door leaf against gravity.
  • the free end 29 of the piston rod 23 is fixedly connected to the door panel 13.
  • air is sucked into the first pressure chamber 25 by a first air inlet valve 31, in that the piston 21 and the piston rod 23 are pulled out of the cylinder housing 19. If the door leaf 13 is automatically closed by lowering of the counterweight 27, the piston rod 23 and the piston 21 is pushed by the door leaf 13 into the cylinder housing 19.
  • the air in the first pressure chamber 25 is pressed by a first air outlet valve 33 and is thereby throttled.
  • the first air outlet valve 33 is designed as an adjustable throttle check valve.
  • the escaping air quantity is therefore adjustable, whereby the door leaf is closed steamed.
  • the closing speed of the door leaf can be adjusted.
  • the compressed air is almost independent of temperature compared to a hydraulic fluid. This has the advantage that the flow velocity of the air emerging from the pneumatic cylinder 17 is independent of the temperature in the tunnel tube. In the case of a hydraulic brake fluid, on the other hand, the closing speed of the door leaf 13 changes.
  • the opening aid is realized on the one hand by a compression spring 35 which acts in particular in the first 100 mm of the opening path of the door leaf 13 and a first Assistant represents.
  • the compression spring 35 is integrated into the first pressure chamber 25 and is compressed in the closed position of the door leaf 13 by the piston 21.
  • the compression spring 35 presses at the beginning of the relaxation with an opening aid or auxiliary power of about 10 N.
  • the compressed compression spring is preferably released by a tilting handle 36 is actuated.
  • the tilting handle 36 opens a trigger pin, whereby the door leaf 13 is released and the compression spring 35 helps the door leaf 13 to press. In normal operation, relaxing the compression spring 35 is usually sufficient to keep the opening force below a certain limit.
  • a compressed air compressor 37 conveys compressed air into an air reservoir (accumulator) 39. Compressed air is taken from the air accumulator 39 in order to activate the further opening aid.
  • the air reservoir 39 is dimensioned such that sufficient compressed air is present in the air reservoir 39 in order to actuate the further opening aid at least 10 times, without the air reservoir 39 having to be refilled.
  • the further opening aid therefore also works when the compressor 37 produces no compressed air due to a power failure.
  • the compressed air can flow from the air reservoir 39 into the first pressure chamber 25 and pushes the piston 21 and the piston rod 23 in the opening direction of the door leaf 13.
  • the opening force is in the event of an emergency in the escape route is about 500 Pa, through the further opening aid reduced from 120 N to less than 50 N.
  • the operation of the escape sliding door 11 works as follows: First, the flicking handle 36 is actuated by a fleeing person. As a result, a pulse in the compressed air line is triggered and compressed air flows from the air reservoir 39 into the first pressure chamber 25. At the same time, the trigger pin is released from the tilting handle 36 so that the compression spring 35 can expand in the opening direction. The compression spring 35 acts as an opening aid until it has completely expanded. The compression spring 35 acts in the first 100 mm of the opening path of the door leaf 13. The inflowing into the first pressure chamber 25 compressed air and the compression spring 35 push the piston 21 in the opening direction and the piston rod 23 out of the cylinder housing 19 out.
  • the door leaf 13 is fixed to the free end 29 of the piston rod and is pushed by the piston rod 23 in the opening direction.
  • the first pressure chamber 25 increases in size.
  • a second pressure chamber 41 is spatially separated from the first pressure chamber 25 by the piston 21.
  • the second pressure chamber 41 is formed by the cylinder housing 19 and the piston side, which faces the piston rod 23.
  • the second pressure chamber 41 decreases in size.
  • the second pressure chamber 41 communicates with a second air outlet valve 43 in an air-conducting manner. The air can be blown from the second pressure chamber 41 via the second air outlet valve 43.
  • the second air outlet valve 43 throttles the air outlet, If the opening force, for example, should be too large in normal operation, this can be reduced by the second air outlet valve.
  • the counterweight 27 lowers in the direction of gravity and pulls the door leaf 13 into the closed position.
  • the piston rod 23 is pushed into the cylinder housing 19.
  • the first pressure chamber 25 is reduced in size and the second pressure chamber 41 is enlarged.
  • the air in the first pressure chamber 25 is throttled by the throttle check valve 33 and the compressed air must overcome a resistance.
  • the resistance is adjustable on the throttle check valve 33 to achieve the appropriate closing speed.
  • Air is drawn into the second pressure chamber 41 through a second air inlet valve 47. This is preferably done with the least possible resistance. However, it is also conceivable that the air is sucked through an adjustable resistor in the second air outlet valve 43, whereby the door leaf 13 is additionally attenuated when closing.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
  • Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)

Description

Gebiet der ErfindungField of the invention

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flucht-Schiebetür zur Abtrennung einer Röhre eines Verkehrstunnels von einem Fluchtweg gemäss Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an escape sliding door for the separation of a tube of a traffic tunnel from an escape route according to the preamble of claim 1.

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind Fluchttüren bekannt, welche die Röhre eines Verkehrstunnels von Fluchtwegen abtrennen. Die Abtrennung ist insofern von Bedeutung, da in den Fluchtwegen bei Normalbetrieb ein Luftüberdruck von ca. 50 bis 80 Pa vorhanden ist. Im Ereignisfall, beispielsweise bei einem Tunnelbrand, wird der Luftüberdruck in dem Fluchtweg auf 450 bis 500 Pa erhöht, um den Fluchtweg im Brandfall rauchfrei halten zu können.Escape doors are known from the prior art, which separate the tube of a traffic tunnel escape routes. The separation is important in that in the escape routes in normal operation, an air pressure of about 50 to 80 Pa is present. In the event of an incident, such as a tunnel fire, the air pressure in the escape route is increased to 450 to 500 Pa in order to keep the escape route smoke-free in case of fire.

Als Fluchttüren werden bevorzugt Schiebetüren eingesetzt, da der Überdruck im Ereignisfall quer zur Öffnungsrichtung wirkt. Dadurch ist die Schiebekraft zum Öffnen der Fluchttür geringer als die benötigte Öffnungskraft zum Öffnen einer herkömmlichen Drehtür. Allerdings kommt es beim Öffnen der Schiebetür im Ereignisfall zwangsläufig zu einem Druckausgleich zwischen den beiden Türenseiten. Der dabei entstehende Sog wirkt der Öffnungskraft entgegen. Dadurch sind als Fluchttüren eingesetzte Schiebetüren in den ersten 100 mm des Öffnungsweges sehr schwer zu öffnen, da während dieses Öffnungsweges der Druckausgleich stattfindet.Sliding doors are preferably used as escape doors, since the overpressure in the event of an event acts transversely to the opening direction. As a result, the pushing force for opening the escape door is less than the required opening force for opening a conventional revolving door. However, when the sliding door is opened, there is inevitably a pressure equalization between the two door sides in the event of an event. The resulting suction counteracts the opening force. As a result, sliding doors used as escape doors are very difficult to open in the first 100 mm of the opening path, since pressure equalization takes place during this opening path.

Solche Flucht-Schiebetüren in Tunnels besitzen auch einen automatischen Schliessmechanismus, indem ein Gegengewicht die Schiebetür zuzieht. Um die Geschwindigkeit der Schiebetür am Ende des Schliessvorgangs abzubremsen ist eine hydraulische Bremse bzw. ein hydraulischer Laufregler vorgesehen, bei welcher/welchem ein Öl in einem Zylinder durch eine Verengung gepresst wird. Die Viskosität des Öls ist temperaturabhängig und so kann es bei tiefen Temperaturen in einem Tunnel vorkommen, dass der Laufregler ein vollständiges Schliessen der Flucht-Schiebetür verhindert.Such escape sliding doors in tunnels also have an automatic locking mechanism by a counterweight pulling the sliding door. In order to decelerate the speed of the sliding door at the end of the closing process, a hydraulic brake or a hydraulic running controller is provided, in which an oil in a cylinder is forced through a constriction. The viscosity of the oil is temperature-dependent and so it may happen at low temperatures in a tunnel that the controller prevents complete closing of the escape sliding door.

Aufgabe der ErfindungObject of the invention

Aus den Nachteilen des beschriebenen Stands der Technik resultiert die die vorliegende Erfindung initiierende Aufgabe eine gattungsgemässe Flucht-Schiebetür zu verbessern. Insbesondere soll diese unabhängig von der Temperatur oder Temperaturschwankungen immer automatisch geschlossen werden und im Normalbetrieb sowie im Ereignisfall mit geringem Krafteinsatz zu öffnen sein.From the disadvantages of the described prior art, the present invention initiates the task to improve a generic escape sliding door. In particular, this should always be automatically closed regardless of the temperature or temperature fluctuations and open in normal operation and in case of events with little use of force.

Beschreibungdescription

Die Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe gelingt bei einem Flucht-Schiebetür dadurch, dass der Laufregler durch eine erste Druckkammer eines Pneumatikzylinders realisiert ist, aus welcher Luft gedrosselt austreten kann und dass der Pneumatikzylinder durch die Druckbeaufschlagung der ersten Druckkammer als ein Aktuator zur Öffnung des Türblattes wirkt. Durch die Drosselung des Luftaustritts aus der ersten Druckkammer wird die Schliessgeschwindigkeit des Türblattes gedämpft. Da die Luft unabhängig von der Tunneltemperatur immer mit derselben Geschwindigkeit aus der ersten Druckkammer strömt, ist die Schliessgeschwindigkeit mit der das Gegengewicht das Türblatt zuzieht temperaturunabhängig. Der Einsatz von Hydraulikflüssigkeiten zur Dämpfung ist im Gegensatz dazu temperaturabhängig, da die Viskosität der Hydraulikflüssigkeit mit sinkender Temperatur zunimmt.The solution of the problem is achieved in an escape sliding door in that the run controller is realized by a first pressure chamber of a pneumatic cylinder, from which air can leak throttled and that the pneumatic cylinder acts by the pressurization of the first pressure chamber as an actuator for opening the door leaf. By throttling the air outlet from the first pressure chamber, the closing speed of the door leaf is damped. Since the air always flows from the first pressure chamber at the same speed regardless of the tunnel temperature, the closing speed with which the counterweight pulls the door leaf is temperature-independent. In contrast, the use of hydraulic fluids for damping is temperature-dependent, since the viscosity of the hydraulic fluid increases with decreasing temperature.

Zusätzlich wirkt der Pneumatikzylinder nicht nur als ein Dämpfungsglied zur Laufregelung des Türblattes sondern er wirkt auch als eine Öffnungshilfe zum Verschieben des Türblattes in Öffnungsrichtung. Der Pneumatikzylinder wird daher zum Verbessern des Öffnens und Schliessens der Flucht-Schiebetür genutzt.In addition, the pneumatic cylinder acts not only as an attenuator for running control of the door leaf but it also acts as an opening aid for moving the door leaf in the opening direction. The pneumatic cylinder is therefore used to improve the opening and closing of the escape sliding door.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich bevorzugt dadurch aus, dass in dem Pneumatikzylinder eine Druckfeder integriert ist. Die Öffnungshilfe durch die im geschlossenen Zustand des Türblattes komprimierte Druckfeder steht zu Beginn des Verschiebens des Türblattes in Öffnungsrichtung unmittelbar zu Verfügung. Die Druckfeder verstärkt die Öffnungshilfe zu Beginn des Öffnungsweges, wenn die Öffnungskraft durch den Sog am grössten ist. Wenn sich die Druckfeder nach ca. 100 mm vollständig ausgedehnt hat, hat auch die Sogwirkung durch die Vergrösserung des Durchganges abgenommen.The invention is preferably characterized in that a compression spring is integrated in the pneumatic cylinder. The opening aid by the compressed in the closed state of the door leaf compression spring is at the beginning of moving the door leaf in the opening direction directly available. The compression spring strengthens the opening aid at the beginning of the opening stroke when the opening force is greatest due to the suction. If the compression spring completely expanded after about 100 mm, also the suction effect decreased by increase of a passage.

Als zweckdienlich hat es sich erwiesen, wenn der Pneumatikzylinder ein Zylindergehäuse, einen Kolben und eine Kolbenstange umfasst, wobei die mit dem Türblatt verbundene Kolbenstange eingefahren ist, wenn sich das Türblatt in der Schliessstellung befindet. Dadurch ist es möglich, dass das Türblatt durch das Ausfahren der Kolbenstange aufgeschoben wird.It has proven expedient if the pneumatic cylinder comprises a cylinder housing, a piston and a piston rod, wherein the piston rod connected to the door leaf is retracted when the door leaf is in the closed position. This makes it possible that the door leaf is pushed by the extension of the piston rod.

Zweckmässigerweise ist das Zylindergehäuse feststehend und die Kolbenstange ist zusammen mit dem Türblatt verschiebbar. Diese Anordnung führt zu einer zuverlässigen Öffnungshilfe und einer wirkungsvollen Schliessdämpfung mit nur einem Aktuator.Conveniently, the cylinder housing is fixed and the piston rod is displaceable together with the door leaf. This arrangement leads to a reliable opening aid and an effective closing damping with only one actuator.

Die Erfindung zeichnet sich auch bevorzugt dadurch aus, dass die Druckfeder im komprimierten Zustand mit einer ersten Hilfskraft von 7 bis 13 N und bevorzugt von 9 bis 11 N in Öffnungsrichtung des Türblatts wirken kann. Die Öffnungskraft wird durch die Druckfeder ausreichend verstärkt und die Feder kann trotzdem von dem Gegengewicht komprimiert werden, bis das Türblatt vollständig geschlossen ist. Im Normalbetrieb, wenn in dem Fluchtweg nur ein geringer Überdruck vorhanden ist, kann die erste Hilfskraft ausreichend sein, um die Schiebetür mit geringer Kraft zu öffnen. Dann ist die Hilfskraft der ersten Druckkammer zur Öffnung der Schiebetür nicht notwendig.The invention is also preferably characterized in that the compression spring can act in the compressed state with a first auxiliary force of 7 to 13 N and preferably 9 to 11 N in the opening direction of the door leaf. The opening force is sufficiently enhanced by the compression spring and the spring can still be compressed by the counterweight until the door leaf is completely closed. In normal operation, if there is only a slight overpressure in the escape route, the first auxiliary power may be sufficient to open the sliding door with little force. Then the auxiliary power of the first pressure chamber for opening the sliding door is not necessary.

In einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist in der ersten Druckkammer eine zweite Hilfskraft von 80 bis 500 N und bevorzugt von 100 bis 450 N erzeugbar, welche in Öffnungsrichtung des Türblatts wirken kann. Die Öffnungskraft, welche zum Aufschieben des Türblattes benötigt wird, lässt sich durch diese zweite Hilfskraft auf unter 50 N reduzieren. Das Türblatt lässt sich selbst im Ereignisfall mit maximaler Sogwirkung daher leicht aufschieben. Die Grösse der zweiten Hilfskraft ist auf den Überdruck einstellbar, welcher in dem Fluchtweg im Ereignisfall herrscht. Je grösser der Überdruck ist, desto grösser muss auch die zweite Hilfskraft sein, um die Sogwirkung beim Öffnen der Schiebetür zu kompensieren.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a second auxiliary force of 80 to 500 N and preferably of 100 to 450 N can be generated in the first pressure chamber, which can act in the opening direction of the door leaf. The opening force, which is required for sliding the door leaf, can be reduced to below 50 N by this second auxiliary power. The door leaf can therefore be postponed easily even in case of an event with maximum suction. The size of the second auxiliary power is adjustable to the overpressure which prevails in the escape route in the event of an incident. The greater the overpressure, the greater the second auxiliary power must be to compensate for the suction effect when opening the sliding door.

Bevorzugt speist ein Druckluft-Kompressor einen Druckspeicher, welcher die erste Druckkammer wenigstens 10 Mal befüllen kann ohne selbst nachbefüllt werden zu müssen. Die Öffnungshilfe bleibt daher selbst bei einem Stromausfall wirksam. Dies führt insbesondere im Ereignisfall, welcher zu einem Stromausfall führen kann, zur Steigerung der Sicherheit und Zuverlässigkeit der erfindungsgemässen Flucht-Schiebetür. Zweckmässigerweise ist die zweite Hilfskraft durch einen Druckregler einstellbar, welcher den Druck in dem Druckspeicher regelt. Die zweite Hilfskraft kann von dem Luftdruck im Druckspeicher abhängig gemacht werden. Denkbar ist es auch, dass der Druckregler in Abhängigkeit von dem in dem Fluchtweg herrschenden Überdruck mehr oder weniger Druckluft von dem Druckspeicher in die erste Druckkammer strömen lässt.Preferably, a compressed air compressor feeds a pressure accumulator, which can fill the first pressure chamber at least 10 times without having to be refilled itself. The opening aid therefore remains effective even in the event of a power failure. This leads, in particular in the event of an event, which can lead to a power failure, to increase the safety and reliability of the novel escape sliding door. Conveniently, the second auxiliary power is adjustable by a pressure regulator, which regulates the pressure in the pressure accumulator. The second auxiliary power can be made dependent on the air pressure in the pressure accumulator. It is also conceivable that the pressure regulator, depending on the pressure prevailing in the escape route overpressure, allows more or less compressed air to flow from the pressure accumulator into the first pressure chamber.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung steht die erste Druckkammer mit einem ersten Lufteinlassventil und einem Drosselrückschlagventil als einem ersten Luftauslassventil luftleitend in Verbindung. Das Vorsehen von Ventilen ermöglicht es, dass die Öffnungshilfe und die Schliessgeschwindigkeit genau einstellbar sind. Unabhängig von der Grösse und dem Gewicht des Türblattes, der Sogwirkung und der Temperatur lassen sich die gewünschten Öffnungs- und Schliessparameter rasch einstellen.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the first pressure chamber is in air-conducting communication with a first air inlet valve and a throttle check valve as a first air outlet valve. The provision of valves allows the opening aid and the closing speed to be precisely adjusted. Regardless of the size and weight of the door leaf, the suction effect and the temperature, the desired opening and closing parameters can be set quickly.

Zweckmässigerweise ist der Luftdurchsatz des Drosselrückschlagventils einstellbar. Dadurch lässt sich die gewünschte Schliessgeschwindigkeit präzise umsetzen. Ein Offenbleiben der Schiebetür kommt daher durch die genauen Einstellmöglichkeiten an dem Drosselrückschlagventil und den durch das Gegengewicht bewirkten automatischen Schliessvorgang nicht vor. Zusätzlich kann die Grösse des Gegengewichts durch eine entsprechende Wahl von Gewichtsplatten optimiert werden.Conveniently, the air flow rate of the throttle check valve is adjustable. This allows precise implementation of the desired closing speed. A stay open the sliding door is therefore not due to the exact adjustment options on the throttle check valve and caused by the counterweight automatic closing. In addition, the size of the counterweight can be optimized by an appropriate choice of weight plates.

Zur weiteren Optimierung der Einstellbarkeit umfasst der Pneumatikzylinder eine zweite Druckkammer, welche durch den Kolben von der ersten Druckkammer räumlich getrennt ist und mit einem zweiten Lufteinlassventil und einem zweiten Luftauslassventil luftleitend in Verbindung steht. Das zweite Lufteinlass- und Luftauslassventil ermöglichen es, dass die Kolbenstange möglichst widerstandsfrei ausgefahren und eingefahren werden kann, ohne dass Verschmutzungen in die zweite Druckkammer gesaugt werden. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass der Luftdurchsatz dieser zweiten Ventile einstellbar ist, um die Öffnungs- und Schliessbewegung des Türblattes zu optimieren.To further optimize adjustability, the pneumatic cylinder comprises a second pressure chamber, which is spatially separated from the first pressure chamber by the piston and is in air-conducting communication with a second air inlet valve and a second air outlet valve. The second air inlet and outlet valves allow the piston rod to be extended and retracted as far as possible without dragging dirt into the second pressure chamber. However, it is also conceivable that the air flow rate of these second valves is adjustable in order to optimize the opening and closing movement of the door leaf.

Als vorteilhaft erweist es sich, wenn das Türblatt einen Kippgriff umfasst, dessen Betätigung ein Befüllen der ersten Druckkammer mit Druckluft bewirkt und einen Auslösestift löst. Dadurch steht die zweite Hilfskraft beim Aufschieben des Türblattes sofort zur Verfügung. Die Hilfskraft überwindet zu Beginn des Öffnens die Anfangsreibung, welche durch den erhöhten Luftdruck auf der Fluchtwegseite bedingt ist. Wenn die Sogwirkung nach Öffnen der Schiebetür um ca. 50 bis 100 mm am grössten ist, ist auch die erste und zweite Hilfskraft nahe ihrem Maximum. Die Hilfskräfte sinken im weiteren Verlauf der Türöffnung, da sich das Volumen der ersten Druckkammer vergrössert und sich die Druckfeder entspannt. Die Sogwirkung lässt mit weiterem Öffnen der Schiebetür nach. Das Abnehmen der Hilfskräfte stellt kein Problem dar, da die benötigte Kraft zum Öffnen der Schiebetür mit zunehmender Durchgangsöffnung ebenfalls abnimmt.It proves to be advantageous if the door leaf comprises a tilting handle whose actuation causes a filling of the first pressure chamber with compressed air and releases a trigger pin. As a result, the second assistant stands immediately when sliding the door leaf Available. The assistant overcomes the initial friction at the beginning of the opening, which is due to the increased air pressure on the escape route side. If the suction effect is greatest after opening the sliding door by approx. 50 to 100 mm, the first and second auxiliary forces are also close to their maximum. The assistants sink in the further course of the door opening, since the volume of the first pressure chamber increases and the pressure spring relaxes. The suction effect diminishes with further opening of the sliding door. The removal of the auxiliary forces is not a problem because the force required to open the sliding door with increasing passage opening also decreases.

Zweckmässigerweise ist die erste Druckkammer in Abhängigkeit von dem Luftdruck in dem Fluchtweg druckbeaufschlagbar. Dadurch steht die Öffnungskraft in Abhängigkeit von dem Überdruck in dem Fluchtweg bzw. der Grösse der Sogwirkung zur Verfügung und kann daher unabhängig von den äusseren Parametern konstant gehalten werden.Conveniently, the first pressure chamber in response to the air pressure in the escape route is pressurizable. As a result, the opening force is available as a function of the overpressure in the escape route or the magnitude of the suction effect and can therefore be kept constant independently of the external parameters.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Steuerung zum Verschieben des Türblatts zwischen den beiden Stellungen eine pneumatische Steuerung und ist unabhängig von einer Stromversorgung. Die gesamte pneumatische Steuerung ist bevorzugt rein mechanisch aufgebaut. Das Türblatt lässt sich daher auch bei einem Stromausfall mit Hilfe der ersten und zweiten Hilfskraft erleichtert öffnen.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the control for moving the door leaf between the two positions is a pneumatic control and is independent of a power supply. The entire pneumatic control is preferably constructed purely mechanically. The door leaf can therefore be opened in a power outage with the help of the first and second auxiliary power easier.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist die Hilfskraft, welche in Öffnungsrichtung des Türblatts wirkt, entweder aus der ersten Hilfskraft oder der Summe aus der ersten und der zweiten Hilfskraft gebildet. Im Normalbetrieb kann die erste Hilfskraft, welche durch Ausdehnen der Druckfeder wirkt, alleine ausreichend sein, um das Öffnen des Türblatts zufriedenstellend zu erleichtern. Die erste Druckkammer muss in diesem Fall nicht mit Druckluft beaufschlagt werden. Im Ereignisfall werden die erste und die zweite Hilfskraft benötigt, um eine ausreichende Unterstützung zum Öffnen des Türblatts sicher zu stellen.In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the auxiliary force, which acts in the opening direction of the door leaf, formed either of the first auxiliary power or the sum of the first and the second auxiliary power. In normal operation, the first auxiliary force acting by expanding the compression spring alone may be sufficient to satisfactorily facilitate the opening of the door panel. The first pressure chamber does not have to be pressurized with compressed air in this case. In case of emergency, the first and second auxiliary forces are needed to ensure sufficient support to open the door panel.

Weitere Vorteile und Merkmale ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die schematischen Darstellungen. Es zeigen in nicht massstabsgetreuer Darstellung:

Figur 1:
Front-Gesamtansicht einer Flucht-Schiebetür;
Figur 2:
eine Schnittansicht der geschlossenen Flucht-Schiebetür mit einem Pneumatikzylinders eingebaut in die Schiebetür;
Figur 3:
eine axonometrische Detailansicht des Pneumatikzylinders aus Figur 2 eingebaut in die Schiebetür;
Figur 4:
eine Frontansicht eines Details der Schiebetür in geöffneter Stellung
Figur 5:
eine erste axonometrische Detailansicht des Pneumatikzylinders bei geöffneter Schiebetür;
Figur 6:
eine zweite axonometrische Detailansicht des Pneumatikzylinders bei geöffneter Schiebetür und
Figur 7:
einen Querschnitt durch die Flucht-Schiebetür.
Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention with reference to the schematic representations. It shows in not to scale representation:
FIG. 1:
Front overall view of an escape sliding door;
FIG. 2:
a sectional view of the closed escape sliding door with a pneumatic cylinder installed in the sliding door;
FIG. 3:
an axonometric detailed view of the pneumatic cylinder of Figure 2 installed in the sliding door;
FIG. 4:
a front view of a detail of the sliding door in the open position
FIG. 5:
a first axonometric detail view of the pneumatic cylinder with the sliding door open;
FIG. 6:
a second axonometric detail view of the pneumatic cylinder with the sliding door open and
FIG. 7:
a cross section through the escape sliding door.

In den Figuren 1 bis 7 ist eine Flucht-Schiebetür gezeigt, welche gesamthaft mit dem Bezugszeichen 11 beziffert ist. Die Flucht-Schiebetür 11 umfasst ein Türblatt 13, welches zwischen einer Offenstellung und einer Schliessstellung verschiebbar ist. Das Türblatt 13 verschliesst einen Fluchtweg gegenüber der Röhre eines Verkehrstunnels. Das Türblatt 13 läuft entlang einer Laufschiene 15.In the FIGS. 1 to 7 an escape sliding door is shown, which is numbered overall by the reference numeral 11. The escape sliding door 11 comprises a door leaf 13, which is displaceable between an open position and a closed position. The door leaf 13 closes an escape route with respect to the tube of a traffic tunnel. The door leaf 13 runs along a running rail 15th

Im Normalbetrieb herrscht in dem Fluchtweg ein geringer Luftüberdruck gegenüber der Tunnelröhre. Kommt es jedoch zu einem Ereignisfall, beispielsweise wenn in der Tunnelröhre ein Brand ausbricht oder bei Rauchentwicklung, so wird der Luftdruck in dem Fluchtweg erhöht. Dadurch wird beim Öffnen des Türblattes Rauch aus dem Fluchtweg verdrängt. Um eine zuverlässige Rauchverdrängung zu erzielen wird der Überdruck in dem Fluchtweg von ca. 50 Pa auf 450 bis 500 Pa gesteigert. Beim Öffnen des Türblattes kommt es bei den ersten 100mm Verschiebeweg zu einem Luftsog zwischen Fluchtweg und Tunnelröhre. Wird das Türblatt 13 weiter geöffnet, so baut sich der Luftüberdruck ab und der Luftsog nimmt relativ rasch ab. Der Luftsog bewirkt dass es einer Öffnungskraft von bis zu 120 N bedarf. Diese hohe Öffnungskraft kann nicht allen Verkehrsteilnehmern eines Tunnels abverlangt werden. Eine solch hohe Öffnungskraft kann als ein weiterer Nachteil bis zum Panikverhalten der Flüchtenden führen.In normal operation, there is a slight excess air pressure in the escape route with respect to the tunnel tube. However, if an incident occurs, for example, if a fire breaks out in the tunnel tube or if smoke develops, the air pressure in the escape route is increased. As a result, smoke is displaced from the escape route when the door leaf is opened. In order to achieve reliable smoke suppression, the overpressure in the escape route is increased from approximately 50 Pa to 450 to 500 Pa. When opening the door leaf, it comes with the first 100mm displacement path to a Luftsog between escape route and tunnel tube. If the door leaf 13 is opened further, the air pressure builds up and the air suction decreases relatively quickly. The air suction causes that it requires an opening force of up to 120 N. This high opening force can not be demanded of all road users of a tunnel. Such a high opening force can lead as another disadvantage to the panic behavior of the fugitives.

Die erfindungsgemässe Flucht-Schiebetür 11 weist daher eine Öffnungshilfe auf, welche die Öffnungskraft sowohl im Normalbetrieb als auch im Ereignisfall unter 50 N hält. Zu diesem Zweck ist entlang der Laufschiene 15 ein Pneumatikzylinder 17 vorgesehen. Der Pneumatikzylinder 17 umfasst ein Zylindergehäuse 19. In dem Zylindergehäuse 19 ist ein Kolben 21 und eine daran befestigte Kolbenstange 23 verschiebbar. Der Pneumatikzylinder 17 erfüllt drei Aufgaben und ist an die jeweiligen Anforderungen bei Normalbetrieb und im Ereignisfall angepasst.The inventive escape sliding door 11 therefore has an opening aid, which keeps the opening force below 50 N both in normal operation and in the event of an event. To For this purpose, a pneumatic cylinder 17 is provided along the running rail 15. The pneumatic cylinder 17 comprises a cylinder housing 19. In the cylinder housing 19, a piston 21 and a piston rod 23 attached thereto are displaceable. The pneumatic cylinder 17 fulfills three tasks and is adapted to the respective requirements during normal operation and in case of an event.

In dem Pneumatikzylinder 17 ist eine erste Druckkammer 25 vorgesehen, welche der Kolbenstange 23 abgewandt ist. Die erste Druckkammer 25 wirkt als ein Laufregler, welcher die Schliessgeschwindigkeit des Türblattes 13 beim Schliessen regelt. Das geöffnete Türblatt 13 wird durch ein Gegengewicht 27 zugezogen, welches beim Öffnen des Türblattes gegen die Schwerkraft angehoben wird. Das freie Ende 29 der Kolbenstange 23 ist fest mit dem Türblatt 13 verbunden. Beim Öffnen des Türblattes 13 wird durch ein erstes Lufteinlassventil 31 Luft in die erste Druckkammer 25 gesogen, indem der Kolben 21 und die Kolbenstange 23 aus dem Zylindergehäuse 19 gezogen werden. Wird das Türblatt 13 durch Absinken des Gegengewichts 27 automatisch geschlossen, so wird die Kolbenstange 23 und der Kolben 21 von dem Türblatt 13 in das Zylindergehäuse 19 geschoben. Dabei wird die sich in der ersten Druckkammer 25 befindliche Luft durch ein erstes Luftauslassventil 33 gedrückt und wird dabei gedrosselt. Das erste Luftauslassventil 33 ist als ein einstellbares Drosselrückschlagventil ausgebildet. Die austretende Luftmenge ist demnach einstellbar, wodurch das Türblatt gedämpft geschlossen wird. Durch die Einstellung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der durch das Ventil 33 ausströmenden Luft lässt sich die Schliessgeschwindigkeit des Türblattes einstellen. Die Druckluft ist im Vergleich zu einer Hydraulikflüssigkeit nahezu temperaturunabhängig. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der aus dem Pneumatikzylinder 17 austretenden Luft unabhängig von der Temperatur in der Tunnelröhre ist. Bei einer hydraulischen Bremsflüssigkeit ändert sich hingegen die Schliessgeschwindigkeit des Türblattes 13. Dies kann bei niedrigen Temperaturen in der Tunnelröhre sogar dazu führen, dass die Viskosität einer Hydraulikflüssigkeit so stark ansteigt, dass sich das Türblatt nicht mehr vollständig schliesst. Der Pneumatikzylinder 17 stellt hingegen sicher, dass das Türblatt 13 unabhängig von der herrschenden Temperatur immer mit der gleichen Geschwindigkeit geschlossen wird.In the pneumatic cylinder 17, a first pressure chamber 25 is provided, which faces away from the piston rod 23. The first pressure chamber 25 acts as a running controller, which regulates the closing speed of the door leaf 13 when closing. The opened door leaf 13 is pulled by a counterweight 27, which is lifted when opening the door leaf against gravity. The free end 29 of the piston rod 23 is fixedly connected to the door panel 13. When opening the door leaf 13, air is sucked into the first pressure chamber 25 by a first air inlet valve 31, in that the piston 21 and the piston rod 23 are pulled out of the cylinder housing 19. If the door leaf 13 is automatically closed by lowering of the counterweight 27, the piston rod 23 and the piston 21 is pushed by the door leaf 13 into the cylinder housing 19. In this case, the air in the first pressure chamber 25 is pressed by a first air outlet valve 33 and is thereby throttled. The first air outlet valve 33 is designed as an adjustable throttle check valve. The escaping air quantity is therefore adjustable, whereby the door leaf is closed steamed. By adjusting the flow velocity of the air flowing out through the valve 33, the closing speed of the door leaf can be adjusted. The compressed air is almost independent of temperature compared to a hydraulic fluid. This has the advantage that the flow velocity of the air emerging from the pneumatic cylinder 17 is independent of the temperature in the tunnel tube. In the case of a hydraulic brake fluid, on the other hand, the closing speed of the door leaf 13 changes. At low temperatures in the tunnel tube, this can even lead to the viscosity of a hydraulic fluid rising so much that the door leaf no longer closes completely. The pneumatic cylinder 17, however, ensures that the door leaf 13 is always closed regardless of the prevailing temperature at the same speed.

Die Öffnungshilfe ist zum einen durch eine Druckfeder 35 realisiert, welche insbesondere in den ersten 100 mm des Öffnungsweges des Türblattes 13 wirkt und eine erste Hilfskraft darstellt. Die Druckfeder 35 ist in die erste Druckkammer 25 integriert und wird in der Schliessstellung des Türblattes 13 durch den Kolben 21 zusammengedrückt. Beim Öffnen des Türblattes 13 durch Verschieben in Öffnungsrichtung drückt die Druckfeder 35 zu Beginn der Entspannung mit einer Öffnungshilfe bzw. Hilfskraft von ca. 10 N. Die zusammengedrückte Druckfeder wird bevorzugt dadurch freigegeben, indem ein Kippgriff 36 betätigt wird. Der Kippgriff 36 öffnet einen Auslösestift, wodurch das Türblatt 13 freigegeben wird und die Druckfeder 35 hilft das Türblatt 13 aufzudrücken. Im Normalbetrieb reicht das Entspannen der Druckfeder 35 üblicherweise aus, um die Öffnungskraft unter einer bestimmten Grenze zu halten.The opening aid is realized on the one hand by a compression spring 35 which acts in particular in the first 100 mm of the opening path of the door leaf 13 and a first Assistant represents. The compression spring 35 is integrated into the first pressure chamber 25 and is compressed in the closed position of the door leaf 13 by the piston 21. When opening the door leaf 13 by moving in the opening direction, the compression spring 35 presses at the beginning of the relaxation with an opening aid or auxiliary power of about 10 N. The compressed compression spring is preferably released by a tilting handle 36 is actuated. The tilting handle 36 opens a trigger pin, whereby the door leaf 13 is released and the compression spring 35 helps the door leaf 13 to press. In normal operation, relaxing the compression spring 35 is usually sufficient to keep the opening force below a certain limit.

Für eine erhöhte Öffnungskraft, welche insbesondere im Ereignisfall benötigt wird, ist die Druckkraft der Druckfeder 35 zu gering um eine ausreichende Öffnungskraft bereitzustellen. Deshalb ist in den Pneumatikzylinder 17 eine weitere stärkere Öffnungshilfe integriert, welche eine zweite Hilfskraft darstellt.For an increased opening force, which is required in particular in case of an event, the pressure force of the compression spring 35 is too low to provide a sufficient opening force. Therefore, in the pneumatic cylinder 17, a further stronger opening aid is integrated, which represents a second auxiliary power.

Ein Druckluftkompressor 37 fördert Druckluft in einen Luftspeicher (Druckspeicher) 39. Aus dem Luftspeicher 39 wird Druckluft entnommen, um die weitere Öffnungshilfe zu aktivieren. Der Luftspeicher 39 ist derart dimensioniert, dass in dem Luftspeicher 39 ausreichend Druckluft vorhanden ist, um die weitere Öffnungshilfe wenigstens 10-mal zu betätigen, ohne dass der Luftspeicher 39 neu befüllt werden müsste. Die weitere Öffnungshilfe funktioniert daher auch, wenn der Kompressor 37 wegen eines Stromausfalles keine Druckluft produziert.A compressed air compressor 37 conveys compressed air into an air reservoir (accumulator) 39. Compressed air is taken from the air accumulator 39 in order to activate the further opening aid. The air reservoir 39 is dimensioned such that sufficient compressed air is present in the air reservoir 39 in order to actuate the further opening aid at least 10 times, without the air reservoir 39 having to be refilled. The further opening aid therefore also works when the compressor 37 produces no compressed air due to a power failure.

Die Druckluft kann aus dem Luftspeicher 39 in die erste Druckkammer 25 strömen und drückt den Kolben 21 und die Kolbenstange 23 in Öffnungsrichtung des Türblattes 13. Die Öffnungskraft wird im Ereignisfall, in dem in dem Fluchtweg ein Überdruck von ca. 500 Pa vorliegt, durch die weitere Öffnungshilfe von 120 N auf weniger als 50 N reduziert.The compressed air can flow from the air reservoir 39 into the first pressure chamber 25 and pushes the piston 21 and the piston rod 23 in the opening direction of the door leaf 13. The opening force is in the event of an emergency in the escape route is about 500 Pa, through the further opening aid reduced from 120 N to less than 50 N.

Der Betrieb der Flucht-Schiebetür 11 funktioniert folgendermassen: Zuerst wird von einer flüchtenden Person der Kippgriff 36 betätigt. Dadurch wird ein Impuls in der Druckluftleitung ausgelöst und Druckluft strömt aus dem Luftspeicher 39 in die erste Druckkammer 25. Gleichzeitig wird von dem Kippgriff 36 der Auslösestift gelöst, damit sich die Druckfeder 35 in Öffnungsrichtung ausdehnen kann. Die Druckfeder 35 wirkt als Öffnungshilfe bis sie sich vollständig ausgedehnt hat. Die Druckfeder 35 wirkt in den ersten 100 mm des Öffnungsweges des Türblattes 13. Die in die erste Druckkammer 25 einströmende Druckluft und die Druckfeder 35 schieben den Kolben 21 in Öffnungsrichtung und die Kolbenstange 23 aus dem Zylindergehäuse 19 heraus. Das Türblatt 13 ist an dem freien Ende 29 der Kolbenstange befestigt und wird von der Kolbenstange 23 in Öffnungsrichtung geschoben. Während der Öffnungsbewegung vergrössert sich die erste Druckkammer 25. Eine zweite Druckkammer 41 ist durch den Kolben 21 räumlich von der ersten Druckkammer 25 getrennt. Die zweite Druckkammer 41 ist von dem Zylindergehäuse 19 und der Kolbenseite gebildet, welche der Kolbenstange 23 zugewandt ist. Während des Verschiebens des Türblattes 13 in Öffnungsrichtung verkleinert sich die zweite Druckkammer 41. Die zweite Druckkammer 41 steht luftleitend mit einem zweiten Luftauslassventil 43 in Verbindung. Die Luft kann über das zweite Luftauslassventil 43 aus der zweiten Druckkammer 41 geblasen werden. Denkbar ist es, dass das zweite Luftauslassventil 43 den Luftauslass drosselt, Falls die Öffnungskraft, zum Beispiel im Normalbetrieb zu gross sein sollte, kann diese durch das zweite Luftauslassventil reduziert werden. Beim Öffnen des Türblattes 13 wird das Gegengewicht 27, welches mit dem Türblatt 13 durch ein Seil 45 verbunden ist, nach oben gegen die Schwerkraft gezogen.The operation of the escape sliding door 11 works as follows: First, the flicking handle 36 is actuated by a fleeing person. As a result, a pulse in the compressed air line is triggered and compressed air flows from the air reservoir 39 into the first pressure chamber 25. At the same time, the trigger pin is released from the tilting handle 36 so that the compression spring 35 can expand in the opening direction. The compression spring 35 acts as an opening aid until it has completely expanded. The compression spring 35 acts in the first 100 mm of the opening path of the door leaf 13. The inflowing into the first pressure chamber 25 compressed air and the compression spring 35 push the piston 21 in the opening direction and the piston rod 23 out of the cylinder housing 19 out. The door leaf 13 is fixed to the free end 29 of the piston rod and is pushed by the piston rod 23 in the opening direction. During the opening movement, the first pressure chamber 25 increases in size. A second pressure chamber 41 is spatially separated from the first pressure chamber 25 by the piston 21. The second pressure chamber 41 is formed by the cylinder housing 19 and the piston side, which faces the piston rod 23. During the displacement of the door leaf 13 in the opening direction, the second pressure chamber 41 decreases in size. The second pressure chamber 41 communicates with a second air outlet valve 43 in an air-conducting manner. The air can be blown from the second pressure chamber 41 via the second air outlet valve 43. It is conceivable that the second air outlet valve 43 throttles the air outlet, If the opening force, for example, should be too large in normal operation, this can be reduced by the second air outlet valve. When opening the door panel 13, the counterweight 27, which is connected to the door panel 13 by a cable 45, pulled up against gravity.

Lässt eine flüchtende Person den Kippgriff 36 aus, so senkt sich das Gegengewicht 27 in Schwerkraftrichtung und zieht das Türblatt 13 in die Schliessstellung. Die Kolbenstange 23 wird in das Zylindergehäuse 19 geschoben. Dabei wird die erste Druckkammer 25 verkleinert und die zweite Druckkammer 41 vergrössert. Die Luft in der ersten Druckkammer 25 wird durch das Drosselrückschlagventil 33 gedrosselt und die komprimierte Luft muss einen Widerstand überwinden. Dadurch wird die Schliessgeschwindigkeit des Türblattes 13 gedämpft. Der Widerstand ist an dem Drosselrückschlagventil 33 einstellbar, um die passende Schliessgeschwindigkeit zu erreichen. Durch ein zweites Lufteinlassventil 47 wird Luft in die zweite Druckkammer 41 gezogen. Dies erfolgt bevorzugt mit möglichst geringem Widerstand. Es ist jedoch auch denkbar, dass die Luft über einen einstellbaren Widerstand in dem zweiten Luftauslassventil 43 gesaugt wird, wodurch das Türblatt 13 beim Schliessen zusätzlich gedämpft wird.If a fleeing person leaves the tilting handle 36, the counterweight 27 lowers in the direction of gravity and pulls the door leaf 13 into the closed position. The piston rod 23 is pushed into the cylinder housing 19. In this case, the first pressure chamber 25 is reduced in size and the second pressure chamber 41 is enlarged. The air in the first pressure chamber 25 is throttled by the throttle check valve 33 and the compressed air must overcome a resistance. As a result, the closing speed of the door leaf 13 is damped. The resistance is adjustable on the throttle check valve 33 to achieve the appropriate closing speed. Air is drawn into the second pressure chamber 41 through a second air inlet valve 47. This is preferably done with the least possible resistance. However, it is also conceivable that the air is sucked through an adjustable resistor in the second air outlet valve 43, whereby the door leaf 13 is additionally attenuated when closing.

Legende:Legend:

1111
Flucht-SchiebetürEscape door
1313
Türblattdoor leaf
1515
Laufschienerunner
1717
Pneumatikzylinderpneumatic cylinder
1919
Zylindergehäusecylinder housing
2121
Kolbenpiston
2323
Kolbenstangepiston rod
2525
Erste DruckkammerFirst pressure chamber
2727
Gegengewichtcounterweight
2929
Freies Ende der KolbenstangeFree end of the piston rod
3131
Erstes LufteinlassventilFirst air inlet valve
3333
Erstes Luftauslassventil, DrosselrückschlagventilFirst air outlet valve, throttle check valve
3535
Druckfedercompression spring
3636
Kippgrifftilt handle
3737
DruckluftkompressorAir Compressor
3939
Luftspeicher, DruckspeicherAir storage, accumulator
4141
Zweite DruckkammerSecond pressure chamber
4343
Zweites LuftauslassventilSecond air outlet valve
4545
Seilrope
4747
Zweites LufteinlassventilSecond air inlet valve

Claims (15)

  1. Escape sliding door (11) for separating the tube of a traffic tunnel from an escape route comprising:
    - a door leaf (13) slidable between an open position and a closed position,
    - a running rail (15) along which the door leaf (13) is slidable between the two positions,
    - a counterweight (27) by which the door leaf (13) can be pulled from the open position into the closed position and
    - a course controller (17), which can slow down the door leaf (13) during closing by means of the counterweight (25),
    characterized in
    that the course controller is implemented by a first pressure chamber (25) of a pneumatic cylinder (17) from which air can be throttled and escape and that the pneumatic cylinder (17) acts, due to the pressurization of the first pressure chamber (25), as an actuator for opening the door leaf (13).
  2. Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that a compression spring (35) is integrated in the first pressure chamber of the pneumatic cylinder (17).
  3. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pneumatic cylinder (17) comprises a cylinder housing (19), a piston (21) and a piston rod (23), wherein the piston rod (23) connected to the door leaf (13) is retracted when the door leaf (13) is in the closed position.
  4. Sliding door according to claim 3, characterized in that the cylinder housing (19) is stationary and the piston rod (23) can slide together with the door leaf (13).
  5. Sliding door according to one of the claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the compression spring (35) can act in the compressed condition with a first auxiliary force of 7 to 13 N and preferably of 9 to 11 N in the opening direction of the door leaf (13).
  6. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a second auxiliary force of 80 to 500 N and preferably of 100 to 450 N that can act in the opening direction of the door leaf (13) can be produced in the first pressure chamber (25).
  7. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a compressed air compressor (37) supplies a pressure accumulator (39) that can fill at least ten times the first pressure chamber (25) without itself having to be refilled.
  8. Sliding door according to claim 7, characterized in that the second auxiliary force can be adjusted by a pressure regulator that regulates the pressure in the pressure accumulator (39).
  9. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first pressure chamber (25) is air-conductively connected to a first air inlet valve (31) and a throttle non-return valve (33) as a first air outlet valve.
  10. Sliding door according to claim 9, characterized in that the air flow rate of the throttle non-return valve (33) is adjustable.
  11. Sliding door according to one of the claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the pneumatic cylinder (17) comprises a second pressure chamber (41) that is spatially separated from the first pressure chamber (25) by the piston (21) and that is air-conductively connected to a second air inlet valve (47) and to a second air outlet valve (43).
  12. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the door leaf (13) comprises a tilting handle (36), the actuation of which causes the filling of the first pressure chamber (25) with compressed air and releases a trigger pin.
  13. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first pressure chamber (25) can be pressure loaded depending on the air pressure in the escape route.
  14. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control for sliding the door leaf (13) between the two positions is a pneumatic control and is independent of a power supply.
  15. Sliding door according to one of the claims 6 to 14, characterized in that the auxiliary force that acts in the opening direction of the door leaf (13) is formed either from the first auxiliary force or of the sum of the first and of the second auxiliary force.
EP17165532.7A 2016-04-08 2017-04-07 Escape sliding door Active EP3228797B8 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00458/16A CH712328A1 (en) 2016-04-08 2016-04-08 Escape sliding door for separating a tube of a traffic tunnel from an escape route.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3228797A1 EP3228797A1 (en) 2017-10-11
EP3228797B1 true EP3228797B1 (en) 2019-01-09
EP3228797B8 EP3228797B8 (en) 2019-06-12

Family

ID=56108414

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17165532.7A Active EP3228797B8 (en) 2016-04-08 2017-04-07 Escape sliding door

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3228797B8 (en)
CH (1) CH712328A1 (en)
DK (1) DK3228797T3 (en)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1544402B1 (en) * 2003-12-18 2016-02-24 HBI Haerter AG Beratende Ingenieure Sliding door with a guiding device for narrow spaces
DK1841982T3 (en) * 2004-11-26 2011-07-18 Krischke Lengersdorf Christian sliding Door System
DE102010061160B4 (en) * 2010-12-10 2023-10-26 Hettich-Heinze Gmbh & Co. Kg Closing and damping device for movable furniture parts

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3228797A1 (en) 2017-10-11
DK3228797T3 (en) 2019-04-23
EP3228797B8 (en) 2019-06-12
CH712328A1 (en) 2017-10-13

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