EP3227157B1 - Chassis frame of a rail vehicle with a ttansverse beam - Google Patents
Chassis frame of a rail vehicle with a ttansverse beam Download PDFInfo
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- EP3227157B1 EP3227157B1 EP16706179.5A EP16706179A EP3227157B1 EP 3227157 B1 EP3227157 B1 EP 3227157B1 EP 16706179 A EP16706179 A EP 16706179A EP 3227157 B1 EP3227157 B1 EP 3227157B1
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- chassis frame
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/50—Other details
- B61F5/52—Bogie frames
Definitions
- the invention relates to a chassis frame of a rail vehicle with a cross member for connecting two longitudinal members of the undercarriage frame, the cross member being box-shaped with an upper chord, a lower chord and two side walls and, seen in a longitudinal direction, each end having a connecting section for connection to one of the longitudinal members.
- Trolleys also called bogies, of rail vehicles generally have two wheel sets which are guided on rails and are connected to car bodies of the rail vehicle.
- An essential component of a chassis is a chassis frame, to which the wheel sets are connected, for example via a wheel set guide or primary suspension, and the car body, for example, via a secondary suspension and a device for power transmission.
- the power flows between the individual components mainly run via the chassis frame.
- the undercarriage frame usually comprises two side members and one or more cross members, the variant with a cross member being referred to as an H-type.
- the longitudinal beams can also be designed as a frame closed by means of head beams.
- the cross member is designed as a box-shaped profile and comprises an upper chord, a lower chord and two side walls, each of which is composed of individual ones Sheets or plate-shaped metal parts exist. Seen in a longitudinal direction of the cross member, which corresponds to the transverse direction of the undercarriage frame, the cross member in each case has a connection section at its end, by means of which the cross member is connected to one of the longitudinal members via welds, for example fillet welds.
- top flange, bottom flange, side walls are connected to each other at the edges by means of a continuous fillet weld, the fillet weld being welded on one side only due to the lack of accessibility.
- the weld seams lead to stress concentrations in the area of the edges, which on the one hand increases the torsional stiffness of the chassis frame and on the other hand causes a large cross-section of the fillet welds and thus increases the overall weight of the cross member.
- the chassis frame has a high torsional stiffness due to the design of the cross member described above. This worsens the running properties of the bogie on the one hand, in particular the derailment protection decreases, on the other hand the tensions in the weld seams in the connecting section between the longitudinal members and cross members increase. Since welds, in particular fillet welds, have only a low load capacity in relation to the cross section of the weld seams or the length of the weld seams, according to the prior art to compensate for the disadvantages mentioned above, only an increase in the weld seam cross-section or the weld seam lengths in the connection section is known, which is too elaborate constructions and in any case leads to increased weight.
- the technical environment is based on the documents FR 931 591 A and JP S57 88939 A referred.
- the invention relates to a chassis frame of a rail vehicle with a cross member for connecting two longitudinal members of the undercarriage frame, the cross member being box-shaped with an upper chord, a lower chord and two side walls and, seen in a longitudinal direction, each end having a connecting section for connection to one of the longitudinal members.
- the cross member is a bent part, a bending region being formed between the side walls and the top flange and between the side walls and the bottom flange.
- Bent parts are produced in a bending process, also known as a bending process, by plastically deforming the raw body by introducing a bending moment into a flat raw body, the so-called unwinding or sheet metal development, and thus into a two- or three-dimensional one Is brought into shape.
- Suitable manufacturing processes are, for example, die bending or swivel bending. Those areas that are plastically deformed are called bending areas and are characterized by a homogeneous and favorable stress curve.
- the top flange and bottom flange or the side walls each relate to the non-plastically deformed, preferably flat, regions of the cross member.
- the bending areas relate to the respective plastically deformed, preferably curved, areas of the cross member.
- each longitudinal member has in its central section a longitudinal member connecting section which is connected to one of the connecting sections of the cross member.
- the inventive design of the cross member results on the one hand in a reduced torsional rigidity of the entire undercarriage frame and on the other hand in a significantly reduced overall weight of the undercarriage frame.
- Each side rail connection section has four straight, non-interconnected side rail connection edges, which are preferably arranged on the circumference of a rectangle, and are connected to the connection edges of the cross member via connection welds. Due to the rectilinear connection edges of the cross member, which are accessible through the upper and / or lower opening in the lateral surface of the cross member, counter-welded connection weld seams can be produced, which are designed as butt seams over the entire weld cross section.
- the bending area is designed as a bending radius, the center of the bending radius in the interior of the cross member lies. This results in a particularly easy-to-produce shape of the cross member, which, in other words, in cross-section, normally seen in the longitudinal direction, corresponds to a rectangle with rounded corners, the curves being designed as circular radii. It goes without saying that instead of a bending radius also one Bending curvature with a different curvature profile can be provided, so that the bending area is shown in cross section, for example with an elliptical or general curve profile. It is advantageous if the bending area has a convex shape.
- an embodiment variant of a cross member according to the invention provides that the bent part or parts of the bent part each have two connecting sections for closing the bent part on the parallel to the longitudinal direction first edges.
- the first edges are those edges that are formed at the open ends of the bent part. In other words, these are those edges which run laterally in the development of the bent part and thus parallel to the length direction or do not form the frontal connection sections.
- the first edges face each other and are only a short distance apart, so that the connecting sections are formed. If the bent part is composed of several sections, with one section always extending over the entire length of the cross member in the longitudinal direction, each section has first edges at the open ends, which in the assembled state face the first edges of adjacent sections and so do the Form connecting sections.
- the bent part is designed in one piece in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention.
- the box-shaped profile is thus formed by a single bent part, which only has to be connected by a single connecting weld seam, and thus achieves a particularly weight-saving construction of the cross member with a favorable stress curve.
- the bent part has a first connection section and a second connection section and that the first connection section is connected to the second connection section by a connection weld seam, preferably butt joint.
- the connecting sections lie opposite one another and thus butt against one another, the two connecting sections are connected by a connecting weld seam like a butt seam in which the entire cross section of the connecting weld seam has a load-bearing effect.
- the two connecting sections are accordingly “welded through” so that the connecting weld seam extends continuously from one side of the sheet to the other, that is to say the entire area between the top and bottom of the sheet is filled with welding material.
- the first and / or the second connecting section can also be designed in a divided manner, that is, it does not extend continuously over the full length in the longitudinal direction of the cross member.
- a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment variant provides that the connecting sections are designed as part of the lower flange and are preferably aligned symmetrically with respect to a width direction that is normal to the length direction.
- the connecting sections or the first edges are formed by the lower flange.
- the connecting sections are arranged symmetrically, that is to say divide the lower flange in the middle in the width direction, a connecting weld seam can be easily manufactured in terms of production technology. It is of course just as conceivable that the connecting sections are formed analogously by the upper flange.
- a second embodiment variant of the invention provides that the bent part is constructed in several pieces and comprises at least a first part and a second part, at least one parting plane forming the parts being aligned parallel to the length direction.
- the multi-piece design of the bent part enables a much simpler production, since the box-shaped cross section can be assembled from several sections, each with open profiles, for example from two U-profiles or four edge profiles.
- a preferred embodiment of the second embodiment variant provides that the bent part comprises exactly two sections, each section comprising a side wall and a part, preferably half, of the upper flange and the lower chord.
- the division into two sections, each comprising a side wall and a part of the upper and lower chord enables the use of easy-to-produce U-profiles for the sections.
- the symmetrical division of the upper chord and the lower chord between the two sections enables simple assembly and a favorable tension curve.
- each section has a first connecting section and a second connecting section, and the respective first connecting section of one of the sections is connected to the second connecting section of the adjoining section Connection weld, preferably butt weld, connected.
- each section in the development has a first edge on both sides, each section also has two connecting sections which are connected to the connecting sections of the adjacent sections.
- the first connecting section (“right" edge) of the first section with the second connecting section ("left" edge) of the second section and vice versa is the first connecting section ("right" edge) of the second section with the second connecting section ( "left” edge) of the first section connected.
- the series can be continued analogously for any number of sections.
- the connecting sections butt each butt through the formed bending areas, so that a connecting weld seam, such as a butt weld, is provided for connecting the connecting sections, in which the entire weld cross section has a load-bearing effect.
- the two connecting sections are accordingly "welded through” again, as was explained at the beginning.
- at least one pair of the connecting sections can be made in several parts along the length direction, ie does not extend continuously over the full length of the cross member in the length direction.
- a particularly preferred embodiment of the first and second embodiment variants provides that the connecting weld seams run outside the bending areas.
- the connecting weld seams or the connecting sections run outside the bending areas.
- the cross member has openings on its outer surface, including upper flange, lower flange and the side walls, on at least two opposite sides of the outer surface.
- the torsional stiffness of the cross member i.e. the resistance to twisting about a longitudinal axis of the cross member parallel to the longitudinal direction .
- the twist stiffness only changes significantly when the openings take up at least 20% of the area of the upper chord or lower chord or the side walls. It goes without saying that the openings in the lateral surface are conceivable both for the first and for the second embodiment variant.
- the upper chord has at least one upper opening and the lower chord has at least one lower opening, at least the upper opening or the lower opening taking up at least 50% of the area of the upper chord or the lower chord.
- the top flange and bottom flange are particularly suitable for having large openings. It is advantageous if the upper or lower opening between 50% and 80%, preferably between 65% and 75%, and the other opening between 20% and 40%, preferably between 25% and 35%, of the surface of the upper flange or of the lower chord.
- both the connection welds and the connection welds for connection to the side members can be counter-welded and post-treated, for example ground. This also solves the problem of corrosion so that the openings do not have to be closed.
- the fact that one of the two openings is smaller ensures that the cross member can guide the operating forces from one longitudinal member to the other longitudinal member via the respective upper flange or lower flange.
- the two side walls each have at least one side opening, the side opening of a side wall taking up at least 25% of the area of the respective side wall, the torsional stiffness is further reduced. While the upper and lower openings are usually designed as a single opening, it has proven to be advantageous if several side openings of approximately the same size are provided per side wall in order to guarantee an at least necessary torsional rigidity. At the same time, the total weight of the cross member is further reduced through the side openings.
- a further preferred embodiment of a cross member according to the invention provides that the connection section provided for connection to one of the side members in the development of the bent part by a second edge of the bent part running normal to the longitudinal direction is formed, which runs in a straight line and is divided by interruptions.
- the interruptions serve to prevent a continuous connecting edge and to segment the second edge into individual parts which do not touch one another. This prevents the formation of a stress concentration at those points where two connecting edges meet according to the prior art.
- the bending areas, at which the second edge is curved as seen in the longitudinal direction, are not suitable for connection to the side member, for example by means of a connection weld. It is therefore particularly advantageous if one in at least one bending area Interruption is arranged. This prevents the contact between two abutting connection edges on the one hand and the unfavorable curved course of the connection edges in the bending area on the other hand.
- interruptions are arranged in all four bending areas, four interruptions are provided according to a further preferred embodiment which divides the second edge into an upper connecting edge of the upper chord, into a lower connecting edge of the lower chord and two lateral connecting edges of the side walls.
- the interruptions merges into a recess, the dimensions of the recess being larger than the dimensions of the interruptions.
- the interruption itself can be made relatively small, since only the second edge has to be interrupted, the recess makes bending easier, so that no curls occur in the bending area.
- the maximum extent of the recess in the width direction comprises at least the bending area and the maximum extent of the recess in the length direction between 25% and 75%, preferably between 33% and 66%, in particular between 40% and 60% , the maximum expansion in the width direction. If one considers the development of the bent part, the recesses are semicircular or semi-elliptical.
- a further particularly preferred embodiment variant of the invention therefore provides that at least one end section of the adjacent connection edge adjoining the interruption is formed by a rod-shaped section of the element forming the respective connection edge. Since the connection edge is undercut by the recess and is separated from the next connection edge by the interruption, the connection edge or the element forming the connection edge, that is to say either the top flange, the bottom flange or one of the side walls, is not bent.
- the distance preferably corresponds at least to the thickness of the sheet which forms the bent part.
- Figure 1 shows a first embodiment of a cross member according to the invention with a box-shaped profile, wherein the cross section is normal to a longitudinal direction 5 of the cross member.
- the length direction 5 corresponds to a transverse direction of the Undercarriage frame.
- the cross member comprises an upper flange 1, which faces a car body of a rail vehicle in the installed state, a lower flange 2, which faces the rails in the installed state, and a first side wall 3 and a second side wall 4, seen in the longitudinal direction 5, the left and right Form the side of the cross member.
- the cross member has a first connection section 7 at one end, that is to say, for example, at the front end, and a second connection section 8 at the opposite end, that is to say at the rear end.
- connection sections 7, 8 serve to connect the cross member to a longitudinal member 38, 39.
- the connection sections 7, 8 in the present example are the open ends of the box-shaped cross member.
- the cross member is designed as a bent part 9, in the present case as a one-piece bent part 9.
- the box-shaped profile of the crossmember is produced from a flat development by means of a corresponding manufacturing process, for example folding, swivel bending or die bending, in that the development is locally plastically deformed by means of an introduced bending moment, so that a three-dimensional shape is formed from the essentially two-dimensional development.
- a manufacturing process results in the following positive effect: since the bent part 9 is a single part which forms both the upper flange 1, lower flange 2 and the side walls 3, 4, only a single weld seam is required to make the box profile to manufacture.
- the first side wall 3 forms a bending area 10 in that area, which was plastically deformed in the manufacturing process.
- the Bending area 10 represents a curved area, which in the present example is designed as a transition radius with a bending radius 11, as in FIG Figure 5 is clearly visible.
- the bending radius 11 is a circular radius, and curves with different curvature, for example ellipses, are also conceivable in alternative design variants.
- a bending area 10 is also formed between the top chord 1 and the second side wall 4.
- a bending area 10 is formed in the same shape, so that the cross-section of the cross member normal to the length direction 5 has the shape of a rectangle, has rounded corners due to the bending radii 11 (see also Figure 5 ).
- FIG. 2 a development, that is the flat raw body, for example sheet metal cutting, is shown before the bending process. It can clearly be seen that the development of the bent part 9 in a width direction 6, which is normal to the length direction 5, forms a first edge 14 on both sides (indicated by the dashed line), which runs parallel to the length direction 5. This forms on one side of the development of the bent part 9, in the illustration on the right side, a first connection section 16 and on the other side of the development of the bent part 9, the left side, a second connection section 17, via which the bent part 9, for example by a weld seam.
- the connecting sections 16, 17 are the end faces of the element forming the first edge 14, that is to say those flat surfaces which, seen in the width direction 6, form the first edges 14.
- the lower flange 2 is designed so that one half, measured in the width direction 6, of the lower flange 2 is connected to the corresponding side wall 3, 4 via the bending region 10 which has not yet been deformed and is therefore flat. Therefore, the lower flange 2 forms the connecting sections 16, 17. Equally, however, it is equally conceivable that the upper flange 1 or one of the side walls 3, 4 is divided, the division naturally also being asymmetrical when viewed in the width direction 6. It can also be seen that the lower flange 2 has a lower opening 21, which in the development of the bent part 9 is also divided between the two halves of the lower flange 2, so that the connecting sections 16, 17 are seen in the longitudinal direction 5 on each side of the extend lower opening 21.
- the connecting sections 16, 17 are formed by T-shaped sections of the lower flange 2, the horizontal part of the Ts projecting in sections into the lower opening 21 in order to increase the length of the connecting sections 16, 17.
- the horizontal part of the Ts protrudes beyond the second edge 15.
- the connecting sections 16, 17 are located opposite one another and in the immediate vicinity of one another, that is to say they even contact one another in extreme cases.
- the two connecting sections 16, 17 are connected to one another by a connecting weld seam 18, which is designed as a butt seam. A power transmission with the full cross section of the connecting weld seam 18 is thus possible.
- the two connecting sections 16, 17 are accordingly “welded through” so that the connecting weld seam 18 extends continuously from one side of the sheet forming the bent part 9 to the other, that is to say the entire area between the top and bottom of the sheet is filled with welding material.
- the upper flange 1 has an upper opening 20
- the lower flange 2 has the lower opening 21 and each of the side walls 3, 4 has four side openings 22.
- the openings 20, 21, 22 each occupy at least 20% of the area of the corresponding element, that is to say the upper chord 1, the lower chord 2 or the side walls 3, 4. It is also conceivable that only upper and lower openings 20, 21 or side openings 22 are provided only on two opposite sides of the lateral surface of the bent part 9, comprising the upper chord 1, lower chord 2 and the side walls 3, 4. In addition to reducing the torsional stiffness, the openings 20, 21, 22 also result in a significant weight reduction of the entire cross member.
- the upper opening 20 has a substantially rectangular shape, with roundings and constrictions in the shape, and is aligned symmetrically to the upper flange 1 both in the length direction 5 and in the width direction 6.
- the upper opening 20 takes up about 30% of the area of the upper chord 1.
- the lower opening 21 is elliptical, is aligned both in the longitudinal direction 5 and in the width direction 6 symmetrically to the lower flange 2 and occupies approximately 75% of the area of the lower flange 2, so that the lower flange 2 has a lower shear stiffness than the upper flange 1.
- the four side openings 22 are formed identically on both side walls 3, 4 and comprise a pair of circular and a pair of rectangular, rounded openings, which are related to the width direction 6 (cf. Fig. 2 ) are arranged symmetrically. Viewed in the longitudinal direction 5, the side openings 22 are distributed symmetrically from the center of the cross member, the rectangular openings being arranged closer to the center than the round ones. The total area of the four side openings 22 is approximately 35% of the area of a side wall 3.4.
- connection sections 7, 8 Viewed in the longitudinal direction 5, the development of the bent part 9 has a second edge 15 at the end, that is to say on the front or rear side, which is normal to the longitudinal direction 5 or parallel extends to the width direction 6, a second edge 15 each forming one of the connection sections 7, 8. Since the second edge 15 would also plastically deform in the bending area 10 during the bending process, which would lead to a peripheral edge in the form of a rounded rectangle, the second edge 15 is divided into four areas by four interruptions 23, 24, 25, 26 which are directly assigned to the top flange 1, the bottom flange 2 and the side walls 3, 4.
- the first interruption 23 and the second interruption 24 define a side connecting edge 29 of the first side wall 3, the second interruption 24 and the third interruption 25 an upper connecting edge 27 of the upper chord 1, the third interruption 25 and the fourth interruption 26 the lateral connecting edge 29 the second side wall 4 and the fourth interruption 26 and the first interruption 23 a lower connecting edge 28 of the lower flange 2.
- the interruptions 23, 24, 25, 26 are each arranged in the bending area 10 between the respective elements. It is also conceivable that the interruptions 23, 24, 25, 26 are arranged outside the bending area 10, in an area that corresponds to up to 25% of the width of the bending area 10, in order to achieve the same effect.
- the interruptions 23, 24, 25, 26 each merge into a recess 30 which lies in the interior of the respective element.
- the first interruption 23 takes up only about 15% of a maximum extent of the bending region 10 in the width direction 6, up to 25% or even less than 15% being conceivable.
- the recess 30, on the other hand, is substantially larger, so that its maximum extent in the width direction 6 corresponds at least to the maximum extent of the bending region 10 in the width direction 6.
- the recess 30 is offset inwards parallel to the second edge 15, so that an inner edge of the recess 30 parallel to the second edge 15 is formed, and has a substantially semicircular shape, the corners of the semicircle being rounded.
- FIG. 1 it can be seen how the recess 30 and the interruptions 23, 24, 25, 26 affect the shape of the connecting edges 27, 28, 29; in detail, due to the analog design, only the upper connecting edge 27 and the lateral connecting edge will be affected 29 of the first side wall 3 in the first connection section 7.
- the end section 31 of the upper connecting edge 27 adjoining the third interruption 25 is formed by a rod-shaped section 33 of the upper flange 1, which extends between the upper connecting edge 27 itself and the inner edge of the recess 30.
- the distance between the upper connecting edge 27 or the second edge 15 and the inner edge corresponds at least to the thickness of the sheet metal of the bent part 9.
- the rod-shaped section 33 of the upper flange 1 projects like a finger in the width direction 6, so that the entire upper connecting edge 27, too in the bending area 10, runs straight.
- an end section 32 of the lateral connecting edge 29 of the first side wall 3 adjoining the second interruption 24 is formed by a rod-shaped section 34 of the first side wall 3.
- the interruptions 23, 24, 25, 26 are in order for a longer rod-shaped section 33 to be obtained, in comparison with the rod-shaped section 34, that is to say that the upper chord 1 and lower chord 2 have the longest possible connecting edge 27, 28 Fig. 2 seen in the width direction 6 - provided at or near that end of the bending region 10 which borders on the side wall 3, 4.
- the recesses 30 are, however, approximately symmetrical to the bending region 10.
- the interruptions 23, 24, 25, 26 coincide with the recesses 30, so that straight connecting edges 27, 28, 29 are formed, but due to the lack of the end sections 31, 32 or the rod-shaped sections 33, 34 are significantly shorter and the bending areas 10 are not recorded.
- Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the bent part 9 is formed in several pieces, more precisely than a first section 12 and a second section 13.
- the two sections 12, 13 each have a U-shape and are divided by a parting plane 19 which runs along the length direction 5 and is normal to the width direction 6.
- the dividing plane 19 divides the upper chord 1 and the lower chord 2 exactly in half in the width direction 6, so that the first section 12 comprises the first side wall 3, one half of the lower chord 2 and the upper chord 1 and the second section 13 the second side wall 4 and each includes the other half of the lower chord 2 and upper chord 1.
- the sections 12, 13 can also be unwound, each section 12, 13 having two first edges 14, each on the left or right side, which first edges 14 each have a first Form connection section 16 and a second connection section 17.
- the two sections 12, 13 are therefore connected to one another at the connecting sections 16, 17 by a connecting weld 18 designed as a butt seam. More precisely, the first connecting section 16 of the first section 12 is connected to the second connecting section 17 of the second section 13 on the lower flange 2 and the first connecting section 16 of the second section 13 is connected to the second connecting section 17 of the first section 12 upper flange 1.
- the second embodiment differs from the first only in the sense that the connecting weld seam 18 on the upper chord 1 is interrupted by the upper opening 20, just as the connecting weld seam 18 on the lower chord 1 is interrupted by the lower opening 21.
- bent part 9 a further division of the bent part 9 into several sections, for example four sections, is also conceivable, each of which is connected to one another along the connecting sections 16, 17.
- connecting sections 16, 17 or the connecting weld seams 18 run outside the bent areas 10 in order to avoid stress concentration in the bent areas 10.
- FIG 4 An embodiment variant of an undercarriage frame according to the invention is shown, the undercarriage frame comprising a first longitudinal beam 35 and a second longitudinal beam 36 in addition to the cross member designed as a bent part 9.
- the longitudinal members 35, 36 each have a central section 37 in the center, as seen in the width direction 6 (corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the chassis frame).
- the first longitudinal member 35 has a first longitudinal member connecting section in the central section 37 38 for connection to the cross member;
- the second side member 36 has a second side member connecting section 39 in the central section 37 for connection to the cross member.
- first longitudinal member connection section 38 is now connected to the second connection section 8 of the cross member and the second longitudinal member connection section 38 is connected to the first connection section 7 of the cross member.
- the longitudinal beam connecting sections 38, 39 analogous to the connecting edges 27, 28, 29 of the connecting sections 7, 8 of the cross member, have longitudinal beam connecting edges 40, so that the longitudinal beam connecting edges 40 are arranged on the circumference of a rectangle.
- the longitudinal beam connecting edges 40 comprise two pairs of mutually parallel edges which form a right angle with one another. In this case, two adjacent longitudinal beam connecting edges 40 do not touch one another and are entirely straight.
- connection weld seams 41 designed as butt seams.
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fahrwerksrahmen eines Schienenfahrzeuges mit einem Querträger zur Verbindung zweier Längsträger des Fahrwerkrahmens, wobei der Querträger kastenförmig mit einem Obergurt, einem Untergurt sowie zwei Seitenwänden ausgebildet ist und in einer Längenrichtung gesehen endseitig jeweils einen Anschlussabschnitt zur Verbindung mit einem der Längsträger aufweist.The invention relates to a chassis frame of a rail vehicle with a cross member for connecting two longitudinal members of the undercarriage frame, the cross member being box-shaped with an upper chord, a lower chord and two side walls and, seen in a longitudinal direction, each end having a connecting section for connection to one of the longitudinal members.
Fahrwerke, auch Drehgestelle genannt, von Schienenfahrzeugen weisen in der Regel zwei Radsätze auf, welche auf Schienen geführt sind, und sind mit Wagenkästen des Schienenfahrzeuges verbunden. Ein wesentlicher Bestandteil eines Fahrwerks ist ein Fahrwerksrahmen, an welchem die Radsätze bspw. über eine Radsatzführung bzw. eine Primärfederung und der Wagenkasten bspw. über eine Sekundärfederung und eine Vorrichtung zur Kraftübertragung angebunden sind. Die Kraftflüsse zwischen den einzelnen Komponenten verlaufen dabei hauptsächlich über den Fahrwerksrahmen.
Der Fahrwerksrahmen umfasst in der Regel zwei Längsträger und einen oder mehrere Querträger, wobei die Ausführungsvariante mit einem Querträger als H-Bauform bezeichnet wird. Dabei können die Längsträger auch als mittels Kopfträgern geschlossener Rahmen ausgeführt sein.Trolleys, also called bogies, of rail vehicles generally have two wheel sets which are guided on rails and are connected to car bodies of the rail vehicle. An essential component of a chassis is a chassis frame, to which the wheel sets are connected, for example via a wheel set guide or primary suspension, and the car body, for example, via a secondary suspension and a device for power transmission. The power flows between the individual components mainly run via the chassis frame.
The undercarriage frame usually comprises two side members and one or more cross members, the variant with a cross member being referred to as an H-type. The longitudinal beams can also be designed as a frame closed by means of head beams.
Der Querträger ist bei der H-Bauform als kastenförmiges Profil ausgebildet und umfasst einen Obergurt, einen Untergurt und zwei Seitenwände, welche jeweils aus einzelnen Blechen bzw. plattenförmigen Metallteilen bestehen. In einer Längenrichtung des Querträgers gesehen, welche der Querrichtung des Fahrwerkrahmens entspricht, weist der Querträger jeweils endseitig einen Anschlussabschnitt auf, über welchen der Querträger mit einem der Längsträger über Schweißnähte, bspw. Kehlnähte, verbunden ist.In the H design, the cross member is designed as a box-shaped profile and comprises an upper chord, a lower chord and two side walls, each of which is composed of individual ones Sheets or plate-shaped metal parts exist. Seen in a longitudinal direction of the cross member, which corresponds to the transverse direction of the undercarriage frame, the cross member in each case has a connection section at its end, by means of which the cross member is connected to one of the longitudinal members via welds, for example fillet welds.
Die einzelnen Elemente des Querträgers (Obergurt, Untergurt, Seitenwände) sind jeweils an den Kanten mittels einer durchgehenden Kehlnaht miteinander verbunden, wobei die Kehlnaht aus Gründen der mangelnden Zugänglichkeit nur einseitig geschweißt werden kann. So bilden sich im Inneren des Querträgers offene Schweißnahtwurzeln, welche der Korrosion ausgesetzt sind. Daher müssen Öffnungen im Querträger aus Gründen des Korrosionsschutzes wieder verschlossen werden bzw. ist nur der Einsatz von schwer zu reparierenden Sacklochgewinden möglich. Im Übrigen führen die Schweißnähte zu Spannungskonzentrationen im Bereich der Kanten, was einerseits die Verwinde-Steifigkeit des Fahrwerkrahmens erhöht und andererseits einen großen Querschnitt der Kehlnähte bedingt und so das Gesamtgewicht des Querträgers erhöht.The individual elements of the crossbeam (top flange, bottom flange, side walls) are connected to each other at the edges by means of a continuous fillet weld, the fillet weld being welded on one side only due to the lack of accessibility. This creates open weld roots inside the crossmember, which are exposed to corrosion. For this reason, openings in the crossmember must be closed again for reasons of corrosion protection, or only blind hole threads that are difficult to repair can be used. In addition, the weld seams lead to stress concentrations in the area of the edges, which on the one hand increases the torsional stiffness of the chassis frame and on the other hand causes a large cross-section of the fillet welds and thus increases the overall weight of the cross member.
Ein weiterer Nachteil des Stands der Technik äußert sich darin, dass der Fahrwerksrahmen durch die oben beschriebene Bauform des Querträgers eine hohe Verwinde-Steifigkeit aufweist. Dadurch verschlechtern sich einerseits die Laufeigenschaften des Drehgestells, insbesondere sinkt der Entgleisungsschutz, andererseits erhöhen sich die Spannungen in den Schweißnähten im Anschlussabschnitt zwischen Längsträgern und Querträger. Da Schweißnähte, insbesondere Kehlnähte, nur eine geringe Belastbarkeit bezogen auf den Querschnitt der Schweißnähte respektive die Länge der Schweißnähte aufweist, ist gemäß dem Stand der Technik zur Kompensation der oben genannten Nachteile lediglich eine Vergrößerung des Schweißnahtquerschnitts bzw. der Schweißnahtlängen im Anschlussabschnitt bekannt, was zu aufwändigen Konstruktionen und jedenfalls zu einem erhöhten Gewicht führt. Zum technischen Umfeld wird auf die Dokumente
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung die Nachteile des Stands der Technik zu überwinden und einen Querträger für einen Fahrwerksrahmen vorzuschlagen, welcher die Verwinde-Steifigkeit des Fahrwerksrahmens verringert und in welchem sich ein besonders günstiger Spannungsverlauf einstellt.It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to propose a cross member for a chassis frame which reduces the torsional rigidity of the chassis frame and in which a particularly favorable stress curve is established.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Fahrwerksrahmen mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den jeweiligen abhängigen Ansprüchen definiert.This object is achieved by a chassis frame with the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the respective dependent claims.
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Fahrwerksrahmen eines Schienenfahrzeuges mit einem Querträger zur Verbindung zweier Längsträger des Fahrwerkrahmens, wobei der Querträger kastenförmig mit einem Obergurt, einem Untergurt sowie zwei Seitenwänden ausgebildet ist und in einer Längenrichtung gesehen endseitig jeweils einen Anschlussabschnitt zur Verbindung mit einem der Längsträger aufweist.The invention relates to a chassis frame of a rail vehicle with a cross member for connecting two longitudinal members of the undercarriage frame, the cross member being box-shaped with an upper chord, a lower chord and two side walls and, seen in a longitudinal direction, each end having a connecting section for connection to one of the longitudinal members.
Erfindungsgemäß ist dabei vorgesehen, dass es sich bei dem Querträger um ein Biegeteil handelt, wobei zwischen den Seitenwänden und dem Obergurt sowie zwischen den Seitenwänden und dem Untergurt jeweils ein Biegebereich ausgebildet ist.According to the invention, it is provided that the cross member is a bent part, a bending region being formed between the side walls and the top flange and between the side walls and the bottom flange.
Biegeteile werden in einem Biegeverfahren, auch als Abkantverfahren bekannt, hergestellt, indem sich durch Einleiten eines Biegemoments in einen ebenen Rohkörper, der sogenannten Abwicklung oder Blechabwicklung, der Rohkörper plastisch verformt und so in eine zwei- bzw. dreidimensionale Form gebracht wird. Geeignete Herstellungsverfahren sind beispielsweise das Gesenkbiegen oder das Schwenkbiegen. Jene Bereiche, die plastisch verformt sind, werden als Biegebereiche bezeichnet und zeichnen sich durch einen homogenen und günstigen Spannungsverlauf aus.Bent parts are produced in a bending process, also known as a bending process, by plastically deforming the raw body by introducing a bending moment into a flat raw body, the so-called unwinding or sheet metal development, and thus into a two- or three-dimensional one Is brought into shape. Suitable manufacturing processes are, for example, die bending or swivel bending. Those areas that are plastically deformed are called bending areas and are characterized by a homogeneous and favorable stress curve.
Der als Biegeteil ausgebildete Querträger, wobei sich das Biegeteil auch aus mehreren gebogenen Teilstücken zusammen setzen kann, weist daher einen besonders günstigen Spannungsverlauf auf, da statt der Kante zwischen Obergurt und Seitenwand, welche nach dem Stand der Technik mittels Schweißnaht verbunden ist, der Biegebereich den Obergurt und die erste Seitenwand verbindet. Analoges gilt dementsprechend auch für die Verbindung von Obergurt und zweiter Seitenwand, bzw. Untergurt und erster sowie zweiter Seitenwand. Obergurt und Untergurt bzw. die Seitenwände beziehen sich dabei jeweils auf die nicht plastisch verformten, vorzugsweise ebenen, Bereiche des Querträgers. Die Biegebereiche beziehen sich auf die jeweiligen plastisch verformten, vorzugsweise gekrümmten, Bereiche des Querträgers.The cross member designed as a bent part, the bent part also being able to be composed of several bent sections, therefore has a particularly favorable stress curve, since instead of the edge between the upper flange and the side wall, which according to the prior art is connected by means of a weld seam, the bent region Upper flange and the first side wall connects. The same applies accordingly to the connection of the top flange and the second side wall, or bottom flange and the first and second side wall. The top flange and bottom flange or the side walls each relate to the non-plastically deformed, preferably flat, regions of the cross member. The bending areas relate to the respective plastically deformed, preferably curved, areas of the cross member.
Durch den günstigen Spannungsverlauf kann einerseits die Stärke des Blechs, aus dem der Querträger gefertigt ist, reduziert werden und andererseits sind keine Kehlnähte zur Verbindung mehr nötig, so dass im Vergleich zum Stand der Technik sowohl Gewicht eingespart wird als auch die Verwinde-Steifigkeit gesenkt wird. Erfindungsgemäß weist jeder Längsträger in seinem Zentralabschnitt einen Längsträger-Anschlussabschnitt auf, welcher mit einem der Anschlussabschnitte des Querträgers verbunden ist. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Gestaltung des Querträgers ergeben sich einerseits eine verringerte Verwinde-Steifigkeit des gesamten Fahrwerksrahmens und andererseits ein erheblich reduziertes Gesamtgewicht des Fahrwerkrahmens. Jeder Längsträger- Anschlussabschnitt weist vier geradlinig verlaufende, nicht miteinander verbundene Längsträger-Anschlusskanten auf, welche bevorzugt am Umfang eines Rechtecks angeordnet sind, und über Anschluss-Schweißnähte mit den Anschlusskanten des Querträgers verbunden sind. Durch die geradlinig verlaufenden Anschlusskanten des Querträgers, welche durch die obere und/oder untere Öffnung in der Mantelfläche des Querträgers zur Nachbearbeitung zugänglich sind, lassen sich gegengeschweißte Anschluss-Schweißnähte fertigen, welche als Stumpfnähte gestaltet über den gesamten Schweißnahtquerschnitt tragen.Thanks to the favorable tension curve, the thickness of the sheet metal from which the crossbeam is made can be reduced and, on the other hand, fillet welds are no longer necessary for the connection, so that in comparison to the prior art, weight is saved and torsional rigidity is reduced . According to the invention, each longitudinal member has in its central section a longitudinal member connecting section which is connected to one of the connecting sections of the cross member. The inventive design of the cross member results on the one hand in a reduced torsional rigidity of the entire undercarriage frame and on the other hand in a significantly reduced overall weight of the undercarriage frame. Each side rail connection section has four straight, non-interconnected side rail connection edges, which are preferably arranged on the circumference of a rectangle, and are connected to the connection edges of the cross member via connection welds. Due to the rectilinear connection edges of the cross member, which are accessible through the upper and / or lower opening in the lateral surface of the cross member, counter-welded connection weld seams can be produced, which are designed as butt seams over the entire weld cross section.
In einer Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass der Biegebereich als Biegeradius ausgebildet ist, wobei der Mittelpunkt des Biegeradius im Inneren des Querträgers liegt. So ergibt sich eine besonders einfach herzustellende Form des Querträgers, der in anderen Worten gesagt im Querschnitt, normal auf die Längenrichtung gesehen, einem Rechteck mit abgerundeten Ecken entspricht, wobei die Rundungen als Kreisradien ausgeführt sind. Es versteht sich dabei von selbst, dass anstatt eines Biegeradius auch eine Biegekrümmung mit unterschiedlichem Krümmungsverlauf vorgesehen sein kann, sodass sich der Biegebereich im Querschnitt beispielsweise mit ellipsenförmigem oder allgemeinen Kurvenverlauf darstellt. Vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn der Biegebereich einen konvexen Verlauf aufweist.In one embodiment variant of the invention, it is provided that the bending area is designed as a bending radius, the center of the bending radius in the interior of the cross member lies. This results in a particularly easy-to-produce shape of the cross member, which, in other words, in cross-section, normally seen in the longitudinal direction, corresponds to a rectangle with rounded corners, the curves being designed as circular radii. It goes without saying that instead of a bending radius also one Bending curvature with a different curvature profile can be provided, so that the bending area is shown in cross section, for example with an elliptical or general curve profile. It is advantageous if the bending area has a convex shape.
Da durch die Verwendung eines Biegeteils ein geschlossener Querschnitt an zumindest einem Querschnitt normal zur Längenrichtung gesehen nicht direkt möglich ist, sieht eine Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Querträgers vor, dass der Biegeteil bzw. Teilstücke des Biegeteiles jeweils zwei Verbindungsabschnitte zum Schließen des Biegeteils an den zur Längenrichtung parallelen ersten Kanten aufweist. Die ersten Kanten sind dabei jene Kanten, die an den offenen Enden des Biegeteils ausgebildet sind. In anderen Worten handelt es sich dabei um jene Kanten, welche in der Abwicklung des Biegeteils seitlich und damit parallel zur Längenrichtung verlaufen bzw. nicht die frontalen Anschlussabschnitte ausbilden. Die ersten Kanten sind einander dabei zugewandt und weisen nur einen geringen Abstand voneinander auf, sodass sich die Verbindungsabschnitte ausbilden. Ist das Biegeteil aus mehreren Teilstücken zusammengesetzt, wobei sich ein Teilstück immer über die gesamte Länge des Querträgers in Längenrichtung erstreckt, so weist jedes Teilstück an den offenen Enden erste Kanten auf, welche im montierten Zustand den ersten Kanten von angrenzenden Teilstücken zugewandt sind und so die Verbindungsabschnitte ausbilden.Since a closed cross-section on at least one cross-section normal to the longitudinal direction is not directly possible through the use of a bent part, an embodiment variant of a cross member according to the invention provides that the bent part or parts of the bent part each have two connecting sections for closing the bent part on the parallel to the longitudinal direction first edges. The first edges are those edges that are formed at the open ends of the bent part. In other words, these are those edges which run laterally in the development of the bent part and thus parallel to the length direction or do not form the frontal connection sections. The first edges face each other and are only a short distance apart, so that the connecting sections are formed. If the bent part is composed of several sections, with one section always extending over the entire length of the cross member in the longitudinal direction, each section has first edges at the open ends, which in the assembled state face the first edges of adjacent sections and so do the Form connecting sections.
Um die Anzahl der benötigten Schweißnähte auf ein Minimum zu reduzieren, ist das Biegeteil gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung einstückig ausgebildet. Damit wird das kastenförmige Profil durch ein einziges Biegeteil gebildet, welches nur durch eine einzige Verbindungs-Schweißnaht verbunden werden muss, und so eine besonders gewichtssparende Konstruktion des Querträgers mit günstigem Spannungsverlauf erreicht.In order to reduce the number of welds required to a minimum, the bent part is designed in one piece in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention. The box-shaped profile is thus formed by a single bent part, which only has to be connected by a single connecting weld seam, and thus achieves a particularly weight-saving construction of the cross member with a favorable stress curve.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform der ersten Ausführungsvariante ist vorgesehen, dass der Biegeteil einen ersten Verbindungsabschnitt und einen zweiten Verbindungsabschnitt aufweist und dass der erste Verbindungsabschnitt mit dem zweiten Verbindungsabschnitt durch eine Verbindungs-Schweißnaht, vorzugsweise Stumpfnaht, verbunden ist. Da sich die Verbindungsabschnitte gegenüber liegen und damit stumpf gegeneinander stoßen, sind die beiden Verbindungsabschnitte durch eine Verbindungs-Schweißnaht wie eine Stumpfnaht verbunden, bei welcher der gesamte Querschnitt der Verbindungs-Schweißnaht eine tragende Wirkung hat. Die beiden Verbindungsabschnitte werden demnach "durchgeschweißt" sodass die Verbindungs-Schweißnaht sich durchgehend von einer Seite des Blechs zur anderen erstreckt, also der gesamte Bereich zwischen Oberseite und Unterseite des Blechs mit Schweißmaterial gefüllt ist. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass der erste und/oder der zweite Verbindungsabschnitt auch geteilt ausgebildet sein kann, sich also nicht durchgehend über die volle Länge in Längenrichtung des Querträgers erstreckt.In a further embodiment of the first embodiment variant it is provided that the bent part has a first connection section and a second connection section and that the first connection section is connected to the second connection section by a connection weld seam, preferably butt joint. Since the connecting sections lie opposite one another and thus butt against one another, the two connecting sections are connected by a connecting weld seam like a butt seam in which the entire cross section of the connecting weld seam has a load-bearing effect. The two connecting sections are accordingly “welded through” so that the connecting weld seam extends continuously from one side of the sheet to the other, that is to say the entire area between the top and bottom of the sheet is filled with welding material. It goes without saying that the first and / or the second connecting section can also be designed in a divided manner, that is, it does not extend continuously over the full length in the longitudinal direction of the cross member.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der ersten Ausführungsvariante sieht vor, dass die Verbindungsabschnitte als Teil des Untergurts ausgebildet sind und vorzugsweise symmetrisch bezüglich einer normal zur die Längenrichtung stehenden Breitenrichtung ausgerichtet sind. Belastungstechnisch hat es sich als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn die Verbindungsabschnitte bzw. die ersten Kanten vom Untergurt ausgebildet sind. Insbesondere wenn die Verbindungsabschnitte symmetrisch angeordnet sind, also den Untergurt in Breitenrichtung mittig teilen, ist eine Verbindungs-Schweißnaht fertigungstechnisch einfach herstellbar. Es ist dabei natürlich genauso denkbar, dass die Verbindungsabschnitte analog durch den Obergurt ausgebildet sind.A preferred embodiment of the first embodiment variant provides that the connecting sections are designed as part of the lower flange and are preferably aligned symmetrically with respect to a width direction that is normal to the length direction. In terms of loading technology, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the connecting sections or the first edges are formed by the lower flange. In particular, if the connecting sections are arranged symmetrically, that is to say divide the lower flange in the middle in the width direction, a connecting weld seam can be easily manufactured in terms of production technology. It is of course just as conceivable that the connecting sections are formed analogously by the upper flange.
Da die Herstellung eines einstückigen kastenförmigen Biegeteils in einem einzigen Biegeverfahren fertigungstechnisch nur schwierig bewerkstelligbar ist, sieht eine zweite Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung vor, dass das Biegeteil mehrstückig ausgebildet ist und zumindest ein erstes Teilstück und ein zweites Teilstück umfasst, wobei zumindest eine die Teilstücke bildende Teilungsebene parallel zur Längenrichtung ausgerichtet ist. Die mehrstückige Ausbildung des Biegeteils ermöglicht dabei eine wesentlich einfachere Fertigung, da der kastenförmige Querschnitt aus mehreren Teilstücken mit jeweils offenen Profilen, bspw. aus zwei U-Profilen oder vier Kantenprofilen, zusammensetzbar ist. Durch die Ausrichtung der Teilungsebene (bei zwei Teilstücken) bzw. der Teilungsebenen (bei mehr als zwei Teilstücken) parallel zur Längenrichtung, ist sicher gestellt, dass keine parallel zur Breitenrichtung verlaufenden Schweißnähte notwendig sind, um das Biegeteil zu schließen.Because the production of a one-piece box-shaped bent part in a single bending process is difficult to manufacture from a production point of view, a second embodiment variant of the invention provides that the bent part is constructed in several pieces and comprises at least a first part and a second part, at least one parting plane forming the parts being aligned parallel to the length direction. The multi-piece design of the bent part enables a much simpler production, since the box-shaped cross section can be assembled from several sections, each with open profiles, for example from two U-profiles or four edge profiles. By aligning the parting plane (with two sections) or the parting planes (with more than two sections) parallel to the length direction, it is ensured that no weld seams running parallel to the width direction are necessary to close the bent part.
Um einen besonders einfach herzustellenden Biegeteil bei gleichzeitiger hoher Belastbarkeit des Querträgers zur Verfügung zu stellen, sieht eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der zweiten Ausführungsvariante vor, dass das Biegeteil genau zwei Teilstücke umfasst, wobei jedes Teilstück jeweils eine Seitenwand sowie einen Teil, vorzugsweise die Hälfte, des Obergurts und des Untergurts umfasst. Die Aufteilung in zwei Teilstücke, welche jeweils eine Seitenwand und einen Teil des Obergurts und des Untergurts umfasst, ermöglicht die Verwendung von einfach herzustellenden U-Profilen für die Teilstücke. Insbesondere die symmetrische Aufteilung des Obergurts und des Untergurtes auf die beiden Teilstücke ermöglicht eine einfache Assemblierung und einen günstigen Spannungsverlauf.In order to provide a bent part that is particularly easy to manufacture and at the same time has a high load-bearing capacity of the cross member, a preferred embodiment of the second embodiment variant provides that the bent part comprises exactly two sections, each section comprising a side wall and a part, preferably half, of the upper flange and the lower chord. The division into two sections, each comprising a side wall and a part of the upper and lower chord, enables the use of easy-to-produce U-profiles for the sections. In particular, the symmetrical division of the upper chord and the lower chord between the two sections enables simple assembly and a favorable tension curve.
Gemäß einer weiteren Ausführungsform der zweiten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung weist jedes Teilstück einen ersten Verbindungsabschnitt und einen zweiten Verbindungsabschnitt auf und ist jeweils der erste Verbindungsabschnitt eines der Teilstücke mit dem zweiten Verbindungsabschnitt des angrenzenden Teilstückes durch eine Verbindungs-Schweißnaht vorzugsweise Stumpfnaht, verbunden. Dadurch, dass jedes Teilstück in der Abwicklung beidseitig eine erste Kante aufweist, hat jedes Teilstück auch zwei Verbindungsabschnitte, welche mit den Verbindungsabschnitten der angrenzenden Teilstücke verbunden sind. So ist beispielsweise bei zwei Teilstücken der erste Verbindungsabschnitt ("rechte" Kante) des ersten Teilstücks mit dem zweiten Verbindungsabschnitt ("linke" Kante) des zweiten Teilstücks und umgekehrt der erste Verbindungsabschnitt ("rechte" Kante) des zweiten Teilstückes mit dem zweiten Verbindungsabschnitt ("linke" Kante) des ersten Teilstücks verbunden. Sind mehr als zwei Teilstücke vorgesehen, so lässt sich die Reihe analog für beliebig viele Teilstücke fortsetzen. Wie zuvor beschrieben stoßen die Verbindungsabschnitte durch die ausgebildeten Biegebereiche jeweils stumpf aufeinander, so dass zur Verbindung der Verbindungsabschnitte jeweils eine Verbindungs-Schweißnaht, wie eine Stumpfnaht, vorgesehen ist, bei der der gesamte Schweißnahtquerschnitt eine tragende Wirkung hat. Die beiden Verbindungsabschnitte werden demnach wieder "durchgeschweißt", wie eingangs erläutert wurde. Es versteht sich wiederum von selbst, dass zumindest ein Paar der Verbindungsabschnitte entlang der Längenrichtung mehrteilig ausgeführt sein kann, sich also nicht durchgehend über die volle Länge des Querträgers in Längenrichtung erstreckt.According to a further embodiment of the second embodiment variant of the invention, each section has a first connecting section and a second connecting section, and the respective first connecting section of one of the sections is connected to the second connecting section of the adjoining section Connection weld, preferably butt weld, connected. Because each section in the development has a first edge on both sides, each section also has two connecting sections which are connected to the connecting sections of the adjacent sections. For example, in the case of two sections, the first connecting section ("right" edge) of the first section with the second connecting section ("left" edge) of the second section and vice versa is the first connecting section ("right" edge) of the second section with the second connecting section ( "left" edge) of the first section connected. If more than two sections are provided, the series can be continued analogously for any number of sections. As described above, the connecting sections butt each butt through the formed bending areas, so that a connecting weld seam, such as a butt weld, is provided for connecting the connecting sections, in which the entire weld cross section has a load-bearing effect. The two connecting sections are accordingly "welded through" again, as was explained at the beginning. Again, it goes without saying that at least one pair of the connecting sections can be made in several parts along the length direction, ie does not extend continuously over the full length of the cross member in the length direction.
Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform der ersten und zweiten Ausführungsvariante sieht vor, dass die Verbindungs-Schweißnähte außerhalb der Biegebereiche verlaufen. Durch die Verschiebung der Verbindungs-Schweißnähte bzw. der Verbindungsabschnitte in die weniger belasteten Bereiche des Querträgers, beispielsweise auf die Mitte des Obergurts, die Mitte des Untergurts oder die Mitte der Seitenwände, wird der benötigte Schweißnahtquerschnitt und die dafür benötigte Blechstärke des Querträgers weiter reduziert.A particularly preferred embodiment of the first and second embodiment variants provides that the connecting weld seams run outside the bending areas. By moving the connecting weld seams or the connecting sections into the less stressed areas of the cross member, for example to the middle of the upper flange, the middle of the lower flange or the center of the side walls, the required weld cross section and the required sheet thickness of the cross beam are further reduced.
Eine weitere Reduktion der Verwinde-Steifigkeit des Querträgers, was dementsprechend zu einer Reduktion der Verwinde-Steifigkeit des Fahrwerkrahmens führt, wird erreicht, indem der Querträger an seiner Mantelfläche, umfassend Obergurt, Untergurt sowie die Seitenwände, an zumindest zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Mantelfläche Öffnungen aufweist. Durch die Öffnungen, durch welche der kastenförmige Querträger nach außen hin geöffnet ist, also der Hohlraum im Inneren des Querträgers in Verbindung mit der Umgebung steht, wird die Verwinde-Steifigkeit des Querträgers, also der Widerstand gegen Verdrillung um eine zur Längenrichtung parallele Längsachse des Querträgers, erheblich reduziert. Eine merkliche Änderung der Verwinde-Steifigkeit ergibt sich jedoch erst dann, wenn die Öffnungen zumindest 20% der Fläche des Obergurts bzw. Untergurts bzw. der Seitenwände einnehmen. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die Öffnungen in der Mantelfläche sowohl für die erste als auch für die zweite Ausführungsvariante denkbar sind.A further reduction in the torsional stiffness of the cross member, which accordingly leads to a reduction in the Twist-stiffness of the undercarriage frame is achieved in that the cross member has openings on its outer surface, including upper flange, lower flange and the side walls, on at least two opposite sides of the outer surface. Through the openings through which the box-shaped cross member is open to the outside, i.e. the cavity inside the cross member is in communication with the environment, the torsional stiffness of the cross member, i.e. the resistance to twisting about a longitudinal axis of the cross member parallel to the longitudinal direction , significantly reduced. However, the twist stiffness only changes significantly when the openings take up at least 20% of the area of the upper chord or lower chord or the side walls. It goes without saying that the openings in the lateral surface are conceivable both for the first and for the second embodiment variant.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante weist der Obergurt zumindest eine obere Öffnung und der Untergurt zumindest eine untere Öffnung auf, wobei zumindest die obere Öffnung oder die untere Öffnung mindestens 50 % der Fläche des Obergurtes bzw. des Untergurts einnimmt. Obergurt und Untergurt, deren Breite in Breitenrichtung gesehen in der Regel größer ist als die Breite der Seitenwände in einer Richtung normal zur Breiten- und Höhenrichtung, eignen sich besonders gut, um große Öffnungen aufzuweisen. Vorteilhaft ist es dabei wenn die obere oder untere Öffnung zwischen 50% und 80%, bevorzugt zwischen 65% und 75%, und die jeweils andere Öffnung zwischen 20% und 40%, bevorzugt zwischen 25% und 35%, der Fläche des Obergurtes bzw. des Untergurts einnimmt. Durch die große Öffnung können alle Schweißnähte des Querträgers, also sowohl die Verbindungs-Schweißnähte als auch die Anschluss-Schweißnähte zur Anbindung an die Längsträger gegengeschweißt und nachbehandelt, beispielsweise geschliffen, werden. Somit wird auch die Problematik der Korrosion gelöst, sodass die Öffnungen nicht geschlossen werden müssen. Dadurch dass eine der beiden Öffnungen kleiner ist, wird sichergestellt, dass der Querträger über den jeweiligen Obergurt bzw. Untergurt die Betriebskräfte von einem Längsträger zum anderen Längsträger leiten kann.According to a preferred embodiment variant, the upper chord has at least one upper opening and the lower chord has at least one lower opening, at least the upper opening or the lower opening taking up at least 50% of the area of the upper chord or the lower chord. The top flange and bottom flange, the width of which is generally greater than the width of the side walls in a direction normal to the width and height direction, are particularly suitable for having large openings. It is advantageous if the upper or lower opening between 50% and 80%, preferably between 65% and 75%, and the other opening between 20% and 40%, preferably between 25% and 35%, of the surface of the upper flange or of the lower chord. Through the large opening, all welds of the cross member, i.e. both the connection welds and the connection welds for connection to the side members, can be counter-welded and post-treated, for example ground. This also solves the problem of corrosion so that the openings do not have to be closed. The fact that one of the two openings is smaller ensures that the cross member can guide the operating forces from one longitudinal member to the other longitudinal member via the respective upper flange or lower flange.
Weisen die beiden Seitenwände jeweils zumindest eine Seitenöffnung auf, wobei die Seitenöffnung einer Seitenwand zumindest 25% der Fläche der jeweiligen Seitenwand einnimmt, so ist die Verwinde-Steifigkeit weiter reduziert. Während die obere und untere Öffnung in der Regel als eine einzige Öffnung ausgeführt sind, hat es sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn pro Seitenwand mehrere etwa gleich große Seitenöffnungen vorgesehen sind, um eine zumindest notwendige Verwinde-Steifigkeit zu garantieren. Gleichzeitig ist das Gesamtgewicht des Querträgers durch die Seitenöffnungen weiter verringert.If the two side walls each have at least one side opening, the side opening of a side wall taking up at least 25% of the area of the respective side wall, the torsional stiffness is further reduced. While the upper and lower openings are usually designed as a single opening, it has proven to be advantageous if several side openings of approximately the same size are provided per side wall in order to guarantee an at least necessary torsional rigidity. At the same time, the total weight of the cross member is further reduced through the side openings.
Um die Verbindung des Querträgers mit den Längsträgern zu verbessern, insbesondere um die notwendige Länge der Anbindungs-Schweißnähte zu reduzieren, ist in einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Querträgers vorgesehen, dass der zur Verbindung mit einem der Längsträger vorgesehene Anschlussabschnitt in der Abwicklung des Biegeteils durch eine normal zur Längenrichtung verlaufende zweite Kante des Biegeteils ausgebildet ist, welche geradlinig verläuft und durch Unterbrechungen unterteilt ist. Die Unterbrechungen dienen dabei dazu, eine durchgehende Anschlusskante zu verhindern und die zweite Kante in einzelne Teile zu segmentieren, welche einander nicht berühren. So wird die Ausbildung einer Spannungskonzentration an jenen Stellen, an denen nach dem Stand der Technik zwei Anschlusskanten zusammenstoßen, verhindert.In order to improve the connection of the cross member to the side members, in particular to reduce the necessary length of the connecting weld seams, a further preferred embodiment of a cross member according to the invention provides that the connection section provided for connection to one of the side members in the development of the bent part by a second edge of the bent part running normal to the longitudinal direction is formed, which runs in a straight line and is divided by interruptions. The interruptions serve to prevent a continuous connecting edge and to segment the second edge into individual parts which do not touch one another. This prevents the formation of a stress concentration at those points where two connecting edges meet according to the prior art.
Die Biegebereiche, an denen die zweite Kante in Längenrichtung gesehen gekrümmt verläuft, sind zur Verbindung mit dem Längsträger, beispielsweise durch eine Anschluss-Schweißnaht, nicht geeignet. Daher ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn in zumindest einem Biegebereich eine Unterbrechung angeordnet ist. So wird einerseits der Kontakt zwischen zwei aneinanderstoßenden Anschlusskanten und andererseits der ungünstige gekrümmte Verlauf der Anschlusskanten im Biegebereich verhindert.The bending areas, at which the second edge is curved as seen in the longitudinal direction, are not suitable for connection to the side member, for example by means of a connection weld. It is therefore particularly advantageous if one in at least one bending area Interruption is arranged. This prevents the contact between two abutting connection edges on the one hand and the unfavorable curved course of the connection edges in the bending area on the other hand.
Sind die Unterbrechungen in allen vier Biegebereichen angeordnet, so sind gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante vier Unterbrechungen vorgesehen, welche die zweite Kante in eine obere Anschlusskante des Obergurts, in eine untere Anschlusskante des Untergurts und zwei seitliche Anschlusskanten der Seitenwände unterteilt.If the interruptions are arranged in all four bending areas, four interruptions are provided according to a further preferred embodiment which divides the second edge into an upper connecting edge of the upper chord, into a lower connecting edge of the lower chord and two lateral connecting edges of the side walls.
In einer weiteren besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass zumindest eine der Unterbrechungen in eine Ausnehmung übergeht, wobei die Abmessungen der Ausnehmung größer als die Abmessungen der Unterbrechungen sind. Während die Unterbrechung an sich relativ klein gestaltet sein kann, da lediglich die zweite Kante unterbrochen werden muss, wird durch die Ausnehmung das Biegen erleichtert, sodass im Biegebereich keine Wellungen auftreten. Als besonders vorteilhaft hat sich daher herausgestellt, dass die maximale Ausdehnung der Ausnehmung in Breitenrichtung zumindest den Biegebereich umfasst und die maximale Ausdehnung der Ausnehmung in Längenrichtung zwischen 25% und 75%, vorzugsweise zwischen 33% und 66%, insbesondere zwischen 40% und 60%, der maximalen Ausdehnung in Breitenrichtung beträgt. Betrachtet man die Abwicklung des Biegeteils, so sind die Ausnehmungen halbkreisförmig oder halbellipsenförmig ausgebildet.In a further particularly preferred embodiment variant of the invention, it is provided that at least one of the interruptions merges into a recess, the dimensions of the recess being larger than the dimensions of the interruptions. While the interruption itself can be made relatively small, since only the second edge has to be interrupted, the recess makes bending easier, so that no curls occur in the bending area. It has therefore proven to be particularly advantageous that the maximum extent of the recess in the width direction comprises at least the bending area and the maximum extent of the recess in the length direction between 25% and 75%, preferably between 33% and 66%, in particular between 40% and 60% , the maximum expansion in the width direction. If one considers the development of the bent part, the recesses are semicircular or semi-elliptical.
Während auch eine Unterbrechung, welche annähernd den oben genannten Abmessungen der Ausnehmung entspricht, alleine denkbar ist, wird durch die Kombination von einer kleinen Unterbrechung mit einer relativ großen Ausnehmung ein weiterer positiver Effekt erzielt, insbesondere wenn die der zweiten Kante zugewandte Kante der Ausnehmung parallel zur zweiten Kante verläuft. Daher sieht eine weitere besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung vor, dass zumindest ein an die Unterbrechung angrenzender Endabschnitt der angrenzenden Anschlusskante durch einen stabförmigen Abschnitt des die jeweilige Anschlusskante ausbildenden Elementes ausgebildet ist. Da die Anschlusskante durch die Ausnehmung hinterschnitten ist und durch die Unterbrechung von der nächsten Anschlusskante getrennt ist, wird die Anschlusskante bzw. das die Anschlusskante ausbildende Element, also entweder Obergurt, Untergurt oder eine der Seitenwände, nicht mit gebogen. Damit entsteht ein stabförmiger Abschnitt, welcher durch den Abstand zwischen der Anschlusskante und der der zweiten Kante zugewandte Kante der Ausnehmung bestimmt ist. Vorzugsweise entspricht der Abstand zumindest der Stärke des Blechs, welches das Biegeteil ausbildet. So wird in einfacher Art und Weise eine Verlängerung der für eine Anbindungs-Schweißnaht nutzbaren Länge der Anschlusskanten erreicht, wobei die Anschlusskanten dabei geradlinig verlaufen, um eine hochwertige und hoch belastbare Schweißnaht zu erhalten.While an interruption, which approximately corresponds to the above-mentioned dimensions of the recess, is conceivable on its own, the combination of a small interruption with a relatively large recess has a further positive effect, in particular if the edge of the recess facing the second edge is parallel to the second edge runs. A further particularly preferred embodiment variant of the invention therefore provides that at least one end section of the adjacent connection edge adjoining the interruption is formed by a rod-shaped section of the element forming the respective connection edge. Since the connection edge is undercut by the recess and is separated from the next connection edge by the interruption, the connection edge or the element forming the connection edge, that is to say either the top flange, the bottom flange or one of the side walls, is not bent. This creates a rod-shaped section, which is determined by the distance between the connecting edge and the edge of the recess facing the second edge. The distance preferably corresponds at least to the thickness of the sheet which forms the bent part. In this way, the length of the connecting edges that can be used for a connecting weld seam is achieved in a simple manner, the connecting edges running in a straight line in order to obtain a high-quality and highly resilient weld seam.
Zur weiteren Erläuterung der Erfindung wird im nachfolgenden Teil der Beschreibung auf die Figuren Bezug genommen, aus der weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen, Einzelheiten und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung zu entnehmen sind. Die Figuren sind als beispielhaft zu verstehen und sollen den Erfindungscharakter zwar darlegen, ihn aber keinesfalls einengen oder gar abschließend wiedergeben. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine axonometrische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Querträgers;
- Fig. 2
- eine axonometrische Ansicht einer Abwicklung des in
Fig. 1 dargestellten Querträgers; - Fig. 3
- eine axonometrische Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsvariante eines erfindungsgemäßen Querträgers;
- Fig. 4
- eine Draufsicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Fahrwerkrahmens;
- Fig. 5
- eine Schnittdarstellung gemäß Linie AA aus
Fig. 4 .
- Fig. 1
- an axonometric view of a first embodiment of a cross member according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- an axonometric view of a settlement of the in
Fig. 1 illustrated cross member; - Fig. 3
- an axonometric view of a second embodiment of a cross member according to the invention;
- Fig. 4
- a plan view of a chassis frame according to the invention;
- Fig. 5
- a sectional view along line AA
Fig. 4 .
Um einen günstigen Spannungsverlauf im Querträger zu erreichen, ist der Querträger als Biegeteil 9, im vorliegenden Fall als einstückiges Biegeteil 9, ausgebildet. Durch ein entsprechendes Herstellungsverfahren, beispielsweise Abkanten, Schwenkbiegen oder Gesenkbiegen, wird das kastenförmige Profil des Querträgers aus einer ebenen Abwicklung hergestellt, indem mittels eines eingeleiteten Biegemoments die Abwicklung lokal plastisch verformt wird, sodass sich aus der im Wesentlichen zweidimensionalen Abwicklung eine dreidimensionale Form ausbildet. Durch ein solches Herstellungsverfahren ergibt sich folgender positiver Effekt: Da es sich bei dem Biegeteil 9 um ein einziges Teil handelt, welches sowohl Obergurt 1, Untergurt 2 als auch die Seitenwände 3,4 ausbildet, ist nur mehr eine einzige Schweißnaht nötig, um das Kastenprofil herzustellen.In order to achieve a favorable stress profile in the cross member, the cross member is designed as a
Der genaue Aufbau sei nun am Beispiel des Obergurts 1 näher erläutert: Am Übergang zwischen dem Obergurt 1, als Obergurt 1 wird in der Folge stets nur der ebene Teil angesehen, und der ersten Seitenwand 3 bildet sich ein Biegebereich 10 in jenem Bereich aus, welcher beim Herstellungsverfahren plastisch verformt wurde. Der Biegebereich 10 stellt dabei einen gekrümmten Bereich dar, welcher im vorliegenden Beispiel als Übergangsradius mit einem Biegeradius 11 ausgebildet ist, wie in
Durch den Biegevorgang alleine ist jedoch nur ein kastenförmiger Körper mit zwei offenen Enden herstellbar, mit anderen Worten ist der Querschnitt des Querträgers noch nicht geschlossen. In
Im vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel ist der Untergurt 2 geteilt ausgeführt, sodass jeweils eine Hälfte, in Breitenrichtung 6 gemessen, des Untergurts 2 über den, noch nicht verformten und daher ebenen, Biegebereich 10 mit der entsprechenden Seitenwand 3,4 verbunden ist. Daher bildet also der Untergurt 2 die Verbindungsabschnitte 16, 17 aus. Gleichermaßen ist es aber genauso denkbar, dass der Obergurt 1 oder eine der Seitenwände 3,4 geteilt ist, wobei die Teilung natürlich auch in Breitenrichtung 6 gesehen asymmetrisch erfolgen kann. Es ist dabei auch zu erkennen, dass der Untergurt 2 eine untere Öffnung 21 aufweist, welche in der Abwicklung des Biegeteils 9 ebenfalls auf die beiden Hälften des Untergurts 2 aufgeteilt ist, sodass sich die Verbindungsabschnitte 16, 17 in Längenrichtung 5 gesehen auf jeder Seite der unteren Öffnung 21 erstrecken. Im Detail sind die Verbindungsabschnitte 16, 17 dabei durch T-förmige Abschnitte des Untergurts 2 ausgebildet, wobei der horizontale Teil des Ts abschnittsweise in die untere Öffnung 21 hineinragt, um die Länge der Verbindungsabschnitte 16, 17 zu vergrößern. Andererseits ragt der horizontale Teil des Ts über die zweite Kante 15 hinaus.In the present exemplary embodiment, the
Betrachtet man nun wieder den Biegeteil 9 in
Um die Verwinde-Steifigkeit des Querträgers bzw. des Biegeteils 9 weiter zu reduzieren weist der Obergurt 1 eine obere Öffnung 20, der Untergurt 2 die untere Öffnung 21 und jede der Seitenwände 3,4 vier Seitenöffnungen 22 auf. Zur Reduktion der Steifigkeit ist es dabei notwendig, dass die Öffnungen 20,21,22 jeweils zumindest 20% der Fläche des entsprechenden Elements, also des Obergurts 1, des Untergurts 2 bzw. der Seitenwände 3,4 einnehmen. Denkbar ist auch, dass nur auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten der Mantelfläche des Biegeteils 9, umfassend Obergurt 1, Untergurt 2 sowie die Seitenwände 3,4, entweder obere und untere Öffnungen 20,21 oder Seitenöffnungen 22 vorgesehen sind. Neben der Reduktion der Verwinde-Steifigkeit resultiert aus den Öffnungen 20,21,22 auch eine starke Gewichtsreduktion des gesamten Querträgers.In order to further reduce the torsional stiffness of the cross member or the
Die obere Öffnung 20 hat dabei eine im Wesentlichen rechteckige Form, wobei Rundungen und Einschnürungen in der Form vorgesehen sind, und ist sowohl in Längenrichtung 5 als auch in Breitenrichtung 6 symmetrisch zum Obergurt 1 ausgerichtet. Die obere Öffnung 20 nimmt dabei etwa 30% der Fläche des Obergurts 1 ein.The
Die untere Öffnung 21 ist ellipsenförmig ausgebildet, ist sowohl in Längenrichtung 5 als auch in Breitenrichtung 6 symmetrisch zum Untergurt 2 ausgerichtet und nimmt etwa 75% der Fläche des Untergurts 2 ein, sodass der Untergurt 2 eine geringere Schubsteifigkeit als der Obergurt 1 aufweist.The
Die vier Seitenöffnungen 22 sind auf beiden Seitenwänden 3,4 gleichartig ausgebildet und umfassen ein Paar kreisförmige und ein Paar rechteckige, abgerundete Öffnungen, welche bezogen auf die Breitenrichtung 6 (vgl.
Unter Bezugnahme auf
Die erste Unterbrechung 23 und die zweite Unterbrechung 24 definieren dabei eine seitliche Anschlusskante 29 der ersten Seitenwand 3, die zweite Unterbrechung 24 und die dritte Unterbrechung 25 eine obere Anschlusskante 27 des Obergurts 1, die dritte Unterbrechung 25 und die vierte Unterbrechung 26 die seitliche Anschlusskante 29 der zweiten Seitenwand 4 und die die vierte Unterbrechung 26 und die erste Unterbrechung 23 eine untere Anschlusskante 28 des Untergurts 2. Dazu sind die Unterbrechungen 23,24,25,26 jeweils im Biegebereich 10 zwischen den jeweiligen Elementen angeordnet. Es ist dabei auch denkbar, dass die Unterbrechungen 23,24,25,26 außerhalb des Biegebereichs 10, in einem Bereich, der bis zu 25% der Breite des Biegebereichs 10 entspricht, angeordnet sind, um die selbe Wirkung zu erzielen.The first interruption 23 and the
Die Unterbrechungen 23,24,25,26 gehen jeweils in eine Ausnehmung 30 über, welche im Inneren des jeweiligen Elementes liegt. Im Detail wird in der Folge nur die erste Unterbrechung 23 beschrieben, da alle Unterbrechungen 23,24,25,26 bzw. die entsprechenden Ausnehmungen 30 gleichartig ausgebildet sind. Die erste Unterbrechung 23 nimmt nur etwa 15% einer maximalen Ausdehnung des Biegebereichs 10 in Breitenrichtung 6 ein, wobei bis zu 25% oder auch weniger als 15% denkbar sind. Die Ausnehmung 30 ist dagegen wesentlich größer ausgebildet, sodass deren maximalen Ausdehnung in Breitenrichtung 6 zumindest der maximalen Ausdehnung des Biegebereichs 10 in Breitenrichtung 6 entspricht. Die Ausnehmung 30 ist gegenüber der zweiten Kante 15 parallel nach innen versetzt, sodass sich eine zur zweiten Kante 15 parallele innere Kante der Ausnehmung 30 ausbildet, und hat eine im Wesentlichen halbkreisförmige Form, wobei die Ecken des Halbkreises abgerundet sind.The
In
Damit sich ein - im Vergleich zum stabförmigen Abschnitt 34 - längerer stabförmiger Abschnitt 33 ergibt, also Obergurt 1 und Untergurt 2 über eine möglichst lange Anschlusskante 27,28 verfügen, sind die Unterbrechungen 23,24,25,26 - in
Es ist jedoch genauso denkbar, dass in einer weiteren alternativen Ausführungsvariante der Erfindung die Unterbrechungen 23,24,25,26 mit den Ausnehmungen 30 zusammenfallen, sodass sich zwar gerade Anschlusskanten 27,28,29 ausbilden, diese aber aufgrund des Fehlens der Endabschnitte 31,32 bzw. der stabförmigen Abschnitte 33,34 wesentlich kürzer sind und die Biegebereiche 10 nicht erfasst sind.However, it is equally conceivable that, in a further alternative embodiment of the invention, the
Analog zu der in
Ansonsten unterscheidet sich die zweite Ausführungsvariante von der ersten nur in dem Sinne, dass die Verbindungs-Schweißnaht 18 am Obergurt 1 ebenso durch die obere Öffnung 20 unterbrochen ist, wie die Verbindungs-Schweißnaht 18 am Untergurt 1 durch die untere Öffnung 21.Otherwise, the second embodiment differs from the first only in the sense that the connecting weld seam 18 on the upper chord 1 is interrupted by the
Es ist natürlich auch eine weitere Teilung des Biegeteils 9 in mehrere Teilstücke, beispielsweise vier Teilstücke denkbar, welche jeweils entlang der Verbindungsabschnitte 16, 17 miteinander verbunden sind. Wesentlich ist dabei jedenfalls und unabhängig von der Anzahl der Teilstücke, bzw. auch bei einem einstückigen Biegeteil 9, dass die Verbindungsabschnitte 16, 17 bzw. die Verbindungs-Schweißnähte 18 außerhalb der Biegebereiche 10 verlaufen, um eine Spannungskonzentration in den Biegebereichen 10 zu vermeiden.Of course, a further division of the
In
Zur Ausbildung des Fahrwerksrahmens ist nun der erste Längsträger-Anschlussabschnitt 38 mit dem zweiten Anschlussabschnitt 8 des Querträgers und der zweite Längsträger-Anschlussabschnitt 38 mit dem ersten Anschlussabschnitt 7 des Querträgers verbunden.To form the undercarriage frame, the first longitudinal member connection section 38 is now connected to the second connection section 8 of the cross member and the second longitudinal member connection section 38 is connected to the first connection section 7 of the cross member.
Dazu weisen die Längsträger-Anschlussabschnitte 38,39, analog zu den Anschlusskanten 27,28,29 der Anschlussabschnitte 7,8 des Querträgers, Längsträger-Anschlusskanten 40 auf, sodass die Längsträger-Anschlusskanten 40 am Umfang eines Rechteckes angeordnet sind. In anderen Worten umfassen die Längsträger-Anschlusskanten 40 zwei Paar zueinander parallele Kanten, welche miteinander einen rechten Winkel einschließen. Dabei berühren zwei aneinander grenzende Längsträger-Anschlusskanten 40 einander nicht und verlaufen zur Gänze geradlinig.For this purpose, the longitudinal beam connecting sections 38, 39, analogous to the connecting
Verbunden sind die Längsträger-Anschlusskanten 40 eines Längsträger-Anschlussabschnittes 38,39 nun mit den Anschlusskanten 27,28,29 des entsprechenden Anschlussabschnitts 7,8 des Querträgers mittels als Stumpfnähte ausgebildeter Anschluss-Schweißnähte 41. Dadurch, dass auch die Anschluss-Schweißnähte 41 "durchgeschweißt" sind, ergibt sich eine besonders hoch belastbare Verbindung zwischen den Längsträgern 35,36 und dem als Biegeteil 9 ausgebildeten Querträger.The longitudinal beam connection edges 40 of a longitudinal beam connection section 38, 39 are now connected to the connection edges 27, 28, 29 of the corresponding connection section 7, 8 of the cross member by means of connection weld seams 41 designed as butt seams. The fact that the connection weld seams 41 " are welded through ", there is a particularly highly resilient connection between the
- 11
- ObergurtTop chord
- 22nd
- UntergurtLower chord
- 33rd
- erste Seitenwandfirst side wall
- 44th
- zweite Seitenwandsecond side wall
- 55
- LängenrichtungLength direction
- 66
- BreitenrichtungWidth direction
- 77
- erster Anschlussabschnittfirst connection section
- 88th
- zweiter Anschlussabschnittsecond connection section
- 99
- BiegeteilBent part
- 1010th
- BiegebereichBending area
- 1111
- BiegeradiusBending radius
- 1212th
-
erstes Teilstück des Biegeteils 9first section of the
bent part 9 - 1313
-
zweites Teilstück des Biegeteils 9second section of the
bent part 9 - 1414
- erste Kantefirst edge
- 1515
- zweite Kantesecond edge
- 1616
- erster Verbindungsabschnittfirst connection section
- 1717th
- zweiter Verbindungsabschnittsecond connection section
- 1818th
- Verbindungs-SchweißnahtConnection weld seam
- 1919th
- TeilungsebeneDivision level
- 2020
- obere Öffnungupper opening
- 2121
- untere Öffnunglower opening
- 2222
- SeitenöffnungSide opening
- 2323
- erste Unterbrechungfirst break
- 2424th
- zweite Unterbrechungsecond break
- 2525th
- dritte Unterbrechungthird interruption
- 2626
- vierte Unterbrechungfourth interruption
- 2727
- obere Anschlusskanteupper connecting edge
- 2828
- untere Anschlusskantelower connecting edge
- 2929
- seitliche Anschlusskanteside connection edge
- 3030th
- AusnehmungRecess
- 3131
-
Endabschnitt der oberen bzw. unteren Anschlusskante 27,28End section of the upper or lower connecting
27, 28edge - 3232
-
Endabschnitt der seitlichen Anschlusskante 29End section of the
lateral connecting edge 29 - 3333
-
stabförmiger Abschnitt des Obergurts 1 bzw. des Untergurtes 2rod-shaped section of the upper chord 1 or
lower chord 2 - 3434
-
stabförmiger Abschnitt der Seitenwände 3,4rod-shaped section of the
side walls 3,4 - 3535
- erster Längsträgerfirst side member
- 3636
- zweiter Längsträgersecond side member
- 3737
-
Zentralabschnitt der Längsträger 35,36Central section of the
35, 36side members - 3838
- erster Längsträger-Anschlussabschnittfirst side member connection section
- 3939
- zweiter Längsträger-Anschlussabschnittsecond side member connection section
- 4040
- Längsträger-AnschlusskantenSide member connecting edges
- 4141
- Anschluss-SchweißnähteConnection welds
Claims (19)
- Chassis frame of a rail vehicle having two longitudinal supports (35, 36) and a transverse support connecting both the longitudinal supports (35, 36), wherein the transverse support is embodied as box-shaped with an upper chord (1), a lower chord (2) and two lateral walls (3, 4) and when viewed in a longitudinal direction (5) has at the end in each case a connection section (7, 8) for connection to one of the longitudinal supports (35, 36), wherein the transverse support is a bending part (9), wherein a bending region (10) is embodied between the lateral walls (3, 4) and the upper chord (1) as well as between the lateral walls (3, 4) and the lower chord (2) in each case, and that each longitudinal support (35, 36) has in its central section (37) a longitudinal support connection section (38, 39) which is connected to one of the connection sections (7, 8) of the transverse support, characterised in that each longitudinal support connection section (38, 39) has four rectilinear, non-interconnected longitudinal support connection edges (40), which are preferably arranged on the circumference of a rectangle, and via connection weld seams (41) are connected to connection edges (27, 28, 29) of the transverse support.
- Chassis frame according to claim 1, characterised in that the bending region (10) is embodied as a bending radius (11), wherein the centre point of the bending radius (11) is inside the transverse support.
- Chassis frame according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the bending part (9) or sections (12, 13) of the bending part (9) each have two connecting sections (16, 17) for closing the bending part (9) at the first edges (14) parallel to the longitudinal direction (5).
- Chassis frame according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the bending part (9) is embodied as a single piece.
- Chassis frame according to claim 4, characterised in that the bending part (9) has a first connecting section (16) and a second connecting section (17) and that the first connecting section (16) is connected to the second connecting section (17) by a connecting weld seam (18), preferably a butt weld.
- Chassis frame according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the connecting sections (16, 17) are embodied as part of the lower chord (2) and are preferably aligned symmetrically with respect to a width direction (6) which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (5).
- Chassis frame according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the bending part (9) is embodied in several pieces and comprises at least a first section (12) and a second section (13), wherein at least one dividing plane (19) forming the sections (12, 13) is aligned parallel to the longitudinal direction (5).
- Chassis frame according to claim 7, characterised in that the bending part (9) comprises exactly two sections (12, 13), wherein each section (12, 13) in each case comprises a lateral wall (3, 4) and a part, preferably half, of the upper chord (1) and the lower chord (2).
- Chassis frame according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that each section (12, 13) has a first connecting section (16) and a second connecting section (17) and in each case the first connecting section (16) of one of the sections (12, 13) is connected to the second connecting section (17) of the adjacent section (12, 13) by a connecting weld seam (18), preferably a butt weld.
- Chassis frame according to claim 5 or 9, characterised in that the connecting weld seams (18) run outside the bending regions (10).
- Chassis frame according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the transverse support, on its outer surface, comprising upper chord (1), lower chord (2) and the lateral walls (3, 4), has openings (20, 21, 22) on at least two opposing sides of the outer surface.
- Chassis frame according to claim 11, characterised in that the upper chord (1) has at least one upper opening (20) and the lower chord (2) has at least one lower opening (21), wherein at least the upper opening (20) or the lower opening (21) occupies at least 50% of the surface area of the upper chord (1) or lower chord (2) respectively.
- Chassis frame according to claim 11 or 12, characterised in that both lateral walls (3, 4) each have at least one lateral opening (22), wherein the lateral opening (22) of a lateral wall (3, 4) occupies at least 25% of the surface area of the respective lateral wall (3, 4).
- Chassis frame according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the connection section (7, 8) provided for connection to one of the longitudinal supports (35, 36) in the development of the bending part (9) is formed by a second edge (15) of the bending part (9) running perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (5), said second edge (15) running rectilinearly and being subdivided by interruptions (23, 24, 25, 26).
- Chassis frame according to claim 14, characterised in that an interruption (23, 24, 25, 26) is arranged in at least one bending region (10).
- Chassis frame according to claim 14 or 15, characterised in that four interruptions (23, 24, 25, 26) are provided which subdivide the second edge (15) into an upper connection edge (27) of the upper chord (1), into a lower connection edge (28) of the lower chord (2) and two lateral connection edges (29) of the lateral walls (3, 4) .
- Chassis frame according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterised in that at least one of the interruptions (23, 24, 25, 26) merges into a recess (30), wherein the dimensions of the recess (30) are larger than the dimensions of the interruptions (23, 24, 25, 26).
- Chassis frame according to claim 17, characterised in that the maximum extent of the recess (30) in the width direction (6) comprises at least the bending region (10) and the maximum extent of the recess (30) in the longitudinal direction (5) is between 25% and 75%, preferably between 33% and 66%, in particular between 40% and 60%, of the maximum extent in the width direction (6) .
- Chassis frame according to claim 17 or 18, characterised in that at least one end section (31, 32) of the adjacent connection edge (27, 28, 29) adjoining the interruption (23, 24, 25, 26) is formed by a rod-shaped section (33, 34) of the element (1, 2, 3, 4) forming the respective connection edge (27, 28, 29).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50164/2015A AT516922A2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2015-03-03 | Cross member for a chassis frame of a rail vehicle |
PCT/EP2016/053848 WO2016139096A1 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2016-02-24 | Transverse support for a chassis frame of a rail vehicle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3227157A1 EP3227157A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
EP3227157B1 true EP3227157B1 (en) | 2020-08-05 |
Family
ID=55411386
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16706179.5A Active EP3227157B1 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2016-02-24 | Chassis frame of a rail vehicle with a ttansverse beam |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3227157B1 (en) |
AT (1) | AT516922A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016139096A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN113442966B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2022-10-18 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Bogie for railway vehicle and railway vehicle with same |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR931591A (en) * | 1943-01-27 | 1948-02-26 | Alsthom Cgee | New construction method for bogie or truck frames and similar components of locomotives and other vehicles |
JPS5788939A (en) * | 1980-11-21 | 1982-06-03 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Truck frame |
CN103085829A (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-05-08 | 济南轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Quick goods van bogie |
-
2015
- 2015-03-03 AT ATA50164/2015A patent/AT516922A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2016
- 2016-02-24 WO PCT/EP2016/053848 patent/WO2016139096A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-02-24 EP EP16706179.5A patent/EP3227157B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2016139096A1 (en) | 2016-09-09 |
AT516922A2 (en) | 2016-09-15 |
EP3227157A1 (en) | 2017-10-11 |
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