EP3226276A1 - Disconnect switch suitable for medium and high voltages and disconnection method using said disconnect switch - Google Patents
Disconnect switch suitable for medium and high voltages and disconnection method using said disconnect switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3226276A1 EP3226276A1 EP16290056.7A EP16290056A EP3226276A1 EP 3226276 A1 EP3226276 A1 EP 3226276A1 EP 16290056 A EP16290056 A EP 16290056A EP 3226276 A1 EP3226276 A1 EP 3226276A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- head
- displacement
- support
- disconnector
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 25
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- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 45
- 238000012550 audit Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
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- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tungsten Chemical compound [Cu].[W] SBYXRAKIOMOBFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
- H01H31/32—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with rectilinearly-movable contact
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
- H01H1/36—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by sliding
- H01H1/38—Plug-and-socket contacts
- H01H1/385—Contact arrangements for high voltage gas blast circuit breakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H33/12—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H33/40—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a disconnector adapted to medium and high voltages (typically between 1kV and 550kV, or even higher than 550kV), and a disconnection method according to independent claims 1 and 15.
- medium and high voltages typically between 1kV and 550kV, or even higher than 550kV
- a function of the disconnector installations is to be able to connect, but above all to disconnect electrical connection elements which are generally enclosed in an enclosure filled with an insulating medium, such as sulfur hexafluoride, intended to limit the creation of arcing during the connection / disconnection of said electrical connection elements.
- Such installations are, for example, metal insulated switchgear (GIS) type metal-wrapped substations.
- GIS metal insulated switchgear
- a disconnector comprises a connector or movable main contact to be inserted into or removed from a fixed main connector or contact.
- One of these solutions is to couple said movable main contact to a movable arcing contact, the latter being intended to be inserted into or removed from a fixed arcing contact integral with said fixed contact.
- the fixed main contact and the fixed arcing contact are connected to a first electrical apparatus, and the movable contact and moving arcing contact are connected to a second electrical apparatus.
- the contacting of the main contacts and the arcing contacts closes the electrical circuit connecting the first and second electrical equipment.
- the separation of said contacts opens said circuit and disconnects the first electrical equipment of the second electrical equipment.
- the arcing contacts are used to delay the moment of appearance of an electric arc with respect to the moment of disconnection of the main contacts and to limit the duration of such an arc, in particular in order to reduce wear.
- said moving arc contact is coupled to the movable main contact by a displacement device, typically a spring device, allowing on the one hand a disconnection of the arcing contacts taking place after disconnection of the main contacts, and secondly, a sudden acceleration of the moving arcing contact to instantly increase the spacing between the fixed arcing contact and the movable arcing contact when the main contacts (fixed and mobile) are already disconnected and progressively relative distance at constant speed during a disconnection phase, ie opening of the electrical circuit connecting the first electrical apparatus to said second electrical equipment.
- the movable arcing contact is positioned in a chamber within said movable main contact, the latter being at a final disconnection position.
- Another solution is to use a special material, such as carbon or copper-tungsten, for the movable main contact which in this case also has the arc contact function. Unlike the previous solution, a single moving contact is therefore present in the disconnector.
- a problem of the disconnectors as described above is related to their use for higher voltages and currents that require higher opening speeds, difficult to achieve, for example due to the inertia of moving parts. Indeed, the higher the tension and the nominal current are high, the higher the transfer voltage (BTV) and the transfer current (BTC), and the faster the separation rate of the contacts.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a disconnector adapted to high voltages and a disconnection method that increases the relative speed of removal of the main contacts so as to interrupt as quickly as possible the electric arc formed between said main contacts during the disconnection of the first and second electrical equipment, ie opening of the electrical circuit connecting said first electrical equipment to said second electrical equipment, while maintaining high dielectric performance for said main contacts, said disconnector to be more simple and effective .
- Another object is to provide a disconnector requiring a small number of mechanical parts for optimizing the masses of moving elements, size and disconnect speeds for said disconnector.
- the figure 1 shows an embodiment of a disconnector according to the invention. The latter is shown in the closed position.
- the Figures 2 to 6 show the same disconnector at different times when it opens. The same references apply to the same elements of the disconnector throughout its opening illustrated by the Figures 2 to 6 .
- the disconnector according to the invention makes it possible to connect a first electrical equipment to a second electrical equipment when it is in the closed position as presented in FIG. figure 1 and disconnecting said first electrical equipment from said second electrical equipment when in the open position as presented in FIG. figure 6 .
- the disconnector, said first electrical equipment and said second electrical equipment are typically encapsulated in an interrupting chamber comprising an insulating medium such as sulfur hexafluoride, said first electrical equipment being for example located at an upstream end of said disconnector and said second electrical equipment being located for example at a downstream end of said disconnector.
- an insulating medium such as sulfur hexafluoride
- the disconnector according to the invention comprises in particular a first contact 1 connectable to the first electrical equipment and a second contact 2 connectable to said second electrical equipment.
- the first contact 1 comprises at least one fixed part 1 ', ie immobile with respect to the interrupting chamber, and may optionally also comprise a mobile part 11 with respect to said fixed part 1'.
- the second contact 2 comprises a mobile part and a fixed part 2 '.
- the fixed part 2 'of the second contact 2 is sufficiently far away from the first contact 1 to prevent any electric arc between the first contact and the second contact.
- the moving part of the second contact 2 comprises a contact body 21 and a contact head 22 mounted movably between a position A and a position B defined with respect to the contact body 21.
- An electrical contact 29 between the contact head 22 and the contact body 21, for example a sliding electrical contact, allows in particular the passage of current between the contact head and the contact body.
- the position A is in particular a remote position, for example the farthest, of said contact body 21, and the position B is a close position, for example the closest, of said contact body 21.
- the contact body 21 is it -even movably mounted along an axis A between a closed position F and an open position O.
- said contact body 21 and the contact head 22 are in contact with said first contact 1 in order to connect electrically the fixed part 1 'of the first contact 1 with the fixed part 2' of the second contact 2, or in other words the first electrical equipment with the second electrical equipment, the contact head 22 being in position B when the contact body 21 is in closed position.
- said contact body 21 and the contact head 22 are disconnected from said first contact 1 in order to electrically disconnect from each other the fixed part 1 'of the first contact 1 and the fixed part 2' of the second contact 2, or in other words, said first electrical equipment of said second electrical equipment, the contact head 22 being in position B when the contact body 21 is in the open position.
- the contact body 21 terminates, both in the open position 0 and in the closed position F, by said contact head 22 mounted to move at one end of said contact body 21, the other end of said body contact 21 being fixed to a contact support 23.
- the contact head 22 is slidably mounted with respect to the contact body 21 so as to be able to slide between the position A remote from said contact body 21 and the close position B said contact body 21, and vice versa.
- the contact head 22 faces said first contact 1, so that a front view of the contact body 21 equipped with the contact head mounted on the latter only makes the contact head 22 appear.
- said contact body 21 comprises a front part against which the contact head 22 is pressed in the close-up position B, said front part being in particular completely covered by said contact head 22 when the latter is in position B so as to prevent frontal contact between the first contact 1 and the contact body 21, in particular between the contact body 21 and the mobile part 11 of the first contact 1 , the contact body 21 being configured to contact only laterally via its lateral part said first contact 1, for example its fixed contacts 1 ', for example by means of of lateral electrical contacts 12 integral with the fixed contacts 1 'of the first contact 1.
- the contact support 23 is intended to support said contact body 21.
- said contact body 21 and the contact support 23 are arranged in the extension of one another along said axis A and can have a substantially elongate shape extending along said axis A.
- the contact support 23 comprises a first end and a second end, said first end being integral with said other end of said contact body 21 and said second end being axially remote from said contact body 21 along said axis A. 6.
- said second end of the contact support 23 is configured to interact with a second displacement device in order to trigger a displacement of the contact head 22 such that will be described later.
- the disconnector according to the invention comprises a first displacement device capable of displacing, preferably simultaneously, the moving part of the second contact 2 and / or the moving part of the first contact 1.
- the first displacement device is capable of displacing the contact body 21 from the closed position F to the open position 0, and vice versa, at a speed V (t) as a function of time t.
- a first moving device is known to those skilled in the art is does not require further explanation.
- the second displacement device is thus capable, during a displacement of said contact body 21 from the closed position F to the open position 0, of temporarily holding, for example during a period of time Dt, the head of contact 22 in contact with said first contact 1 in particular by moving the latter from position B to position A relative to the contact body 21 (ie with respect to a frame linked to the contact body 21), while storing during this movement from position B to position A, ie during said period of time Dt, energy, then suddenly release, at the end of said displacement of the position B to the position A, or at the end of the period of time Dt, said energy stored in order to abruptly and transiently move said contact head 22 from position A to position B so as to break the electrical contact between the contact head 22 and said first contact 1, for example between the contact head and the moving part of said first contact .
- said second displacement device makes it possible to move said contact head 22 at a speed V '(t)> V (t) during the transient movement of said position A to said position B, said displacement taking place during a time interval [t'1, t'2] included in the time interval [t1, t2] necessary for the displacement of said contact body 21 between said closed position F and said open position 0.
- the triggering of the displacement of the contact head from the position A to the position B is implemented by interaction of the contact support 23 with said second displacement device.
- a displacement, by said first displacement device, of the contact support 23 along said axis A in the opposite direction of said first contact 1 is able to cause an interaction of said contact support 23 with the locking system 25 causing a change in state of said blocking system 25 from first to second state, and a displacement, by said first displacement device, of the contact support 23 in a direction along said axis A approaching said first contact 1 being able to pass the blocking system 25 of the second to the first state.
- said interaction is an interaction between a surface of said contact support 23 and said blocking system 25, for example between said surface and hooks 251 of said blocking system 25.
- the locking system 25 locking comprises a hook 251 movable from a locking position to an unlocking position and vice versa, which, when the locking system 25 is in said first state, is positioned in the locking position adapted to block a displacement of said element 24 in a direction along said axis A away from said first contact 1, and, when the locking system 25 is in said second state, is positioned in the unlocking position adapted to allow movement of said member 24 in the direction according to said axis A away from said first contact.
- the displacement of said hook 251 between its locking position and its unlocking position is caused by said interaction of said surface of said contact support 23 and a portion of said hook 251.
- said hook 251 is provided with a wheel 252 configured to interact with an interaction surface S of said contact support 23, the interaction of said interaction surface S with said wheel 252 being able to cause a movement of said hook 251, in particular a pivoting around a ball joint 3 secured to a support base 4 of said disconnector, from said locking position to said position of unlocking, when said interaction surface S is in translation along said axis A by displacement of the contact support 23 in the direction along said axis A away from the first contact 1.
- said contact support 23 comprises a first surface S1 of external support for said wheel 252, for example a cylindrical surface, and optionally a second surface S2 of external support for said wheel 252, for example a cylindrical surface, the first surface S1, and optionally the second surface S2, being formed of a set of line segments parallel to said axis A, said interaction surface S joining for example said first surface S1 by describing a bias with respect thereto.
- the interaction surface S joins the first surface S1 to said second surface S2 by describing said bias with respect to said first and second surfaces, and therefore in particular with respect to said axis A.
- the displacement of said wheel 252 on said bias of the interaction surface S causes a displacement of said hook 251 from the locking position to the unlocking position or vice versa in the direction of movement of said contact support 23 by said first moving device.
- a displacement of a part of the locking system, for example the wheel of said hook, on the interaction surface of the contact support 23 causes a radial distance relative to said axis A which triggers the release of the blocking system, ie the transition from the first state to the second state.
- the locking system 25 comprises biasing means, for example elastic or spring loaded, configured to exert a force or moment of force on said hook 251 so as to oppose a movement, by example by pivoting, said hook 251 from the locking position to said unlocking position.
- said element 24 extends from one of its ends secured to the contact head 22 through the contact body 21 and the contact support 23 to the other end thereof axially distant from said contact head. 22 and configured to cooperate with the locking system.
- said element 24 comprises at least one rod, preferably several rods, extending along said axis A beyond said second end of the contact support 23 and passing therethrough from one side to the other.
- said rod ends at the end closest to said second end of said contact body 23, by a locking washer 28 adapted to interact with said locking means 25, for example with said hook 251.
- the figure 1 shows the disconnector according to the invention in the closed position.
- the current can pass from the fixed contact 2 'to the fixed contact 1'via mainly the contact body 21 and secondarily the contact head 22 in contact with the movable portion 11 of said second contact.
- the mechanical system 26 is expanded, for example, a spring 261 of said mechanical system is expanded.
- the locking system 25 is in particular already in the blocking position, ready to interact with the contact support 23 when the latter will move away in a direction opposite to said first contact 1.
- a connection of said disconnector takes place simply in the reverse order, ie from the fourth phase to the first phase, until connection of said contact body 23 with the fixed part 1 'of the first contact.
- the contact head 22 has a mushroom shape, ie has a substantially cylindrical trunk configured to slide in the contact body 21 and be attached to said element 24, said trunk being surmounted by a half-shaped cap. sphere or part of sphere whose center is directed towards the trunk, in particular towards the central longitudinal axis of said trunk.
- the contact body 21 is preferably cylindrical, hollow around said axis A, to allow movement in translation of said element 24 and said trunk during movement along said axis A upstream downstream.
- Said cap covers in particular completely the end of said contact body 21 which is closest to said first contact 1.
- the movable portion 11 of said second contact has a shape complementary to said cap, for example has a concave shape.
- the cap of said contact head has a concave shape and said movable portion 11 of said first contact 1 has a spherical shape.
- the moving part of said first contact also comprises a movable contact head with respect to a contact body, the second displacement device being designed to move in the opposite direction and simultaneously the contact head 22 of the second contact. and the contact head of said first contact during an opening of said disconnector.
- the present invention proposes a new design of a disconnector, for which only a portion of the moving contact is set in rapid motion, which has the advantage of greatly reducing the inertia, and allows to achieve speeds of opening much larger compared to existing techniques, all with little accumulation energy.
Landscapes
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
- Push-Button Switches (AREA)
- Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
Abstract
La présente invention décrit un sectionneur et une méthode de déconnexion d'appareillages électriques au moyen dudit sectionneur, ce dernier comprenant: - un premier contact (1); - un second contact (2), ledit second contact (2) comprenant un corps de contact (21) et une tête de contact (22) mobile par rapport au corps de contact (21); - un support de contact (23) configuré pour supporter ledit corps de contact (21); - un premier dispositif de déplacement capable de déplacer le corps de contact (21) d'une position fermée (F) à une position ouverte (O), et vice versa; - un second dispositif de déplacement, déclenchable au moyen dudit support de contact (23), capable, lors d'un déplacement dudit corps de contact (21) de la position fermée (F) à la position ouverte (O), de maintenir temporairement durant une période Dt la tête de contact (22) en contact avec ledit premier contact (1) et d'emmagasiner, durant cette période Dt, de l'énergie, puis de relâcher subitement ladite énergie emmagasinée afin de déplacer brusquement et transitoirement ladite tête de contact (22) de façon à rompre le contact électrique entre la tête de contact (22) et ledit premier contact (1).The present invention describes a disconnector and a method of disconnecting electrical equipment by means of said disconnector, the latter comprising: a first contact (1); - a second contact (2), said second contact (2) comprising a contact body (21) and a contact head (22) movable relative to the contact body (21); a contact support (23) configured to support said contact body (21); a first displacement device capable of moving the contact body (21) from a closed position (F) to an open position (O), and vice versa; a second displacement device, triggerable by means of said contact support (23), capable, during a displacement of said contact body (21) from the closed position (F) to the open position (O), of temporarily maintaining during a period Dt the contact head (22) in contact with said first contact (1) and store, during this period Dt, energy, then suddenly release said stored energy to move suddenly and transiently said head contact (22) so as to break the electrical contact between the contact head (22) and said first contact (1).
Description
La présente invention concerne un sectionneur adapté aux moyennes et hautes tensions (typiquement comprises entre 1kV et 550kV, voire supérieures à 550kV), ainsi qu'une méthode de déconnexion selon les revendications indépendantes 1 et 15.The present invention relates to a disconnector adapted to medium and high voltages (typically between 1kV and 550kV, or even higher than 550kV), and a disconnection method according to
Une fonction des installations de sectionneur, en particulier sous haute tension est de pouvoir connecter, mais surtout déconnecter des éléments de connexion électrique qui sont généralement enfermés dans une enceinte remplie d'un milieu isolant, tel que l'hexafluorure de soufre, destiné à limiter la création d'arcs électriques lors de la connexion/déconnexion desdits éléments de connexion électrique. De telles installations sont par exemple des postes à enveloppe métallique de type GIS (gas insultated switchgear). Typiquement, un sectionneur comprend un connecteur ou contact principal mobile dédié à être inséré dans ou retiré d'un connecteur ou contact principal fixe.A function of the disconnector installations, in particular at high voltage, is to be able to connect, but above all to disconnect electrical connection elements which are generally enclosed in an enclosure filled with an insulating medium, such as sulfur hexafluoride, intended to limit the creation of arcing during the connection / disconnection of said electrical connection elements. Such installations are, for example, metal insulated switchgear (GIS) type metal-wrapped substations. Typically, a disconnector comprises a connector or movable main contact to be inserted into or removed from a fixed main connector or contact.
Pour certaines architectures de sectionneur à haute tension, il doit être requis de garantir une performance de déconnexion liée à la coupure de courant. A ce titre, il existe un standard actuel IEC 62271-102 présentant de telles performances. Actuellement, des postes de type GIS prévoient que des sectionneurs sous 550 kVolts ne soient pas soumis à une tension de transfert entre systèmes de bus (dite BTV « Bus Transfer Voltage ») de plus de 20 Volts, ainsi qu'à un courant de transfert entre systèmes de bus (dit BTC « Bus Transfer Current ») de plus de 1600 Ampères.For some high voltage disconnector architectures, it must be required to guarantee a disconnection performance related to the power failure. As such, there is a current standard IEC 62271-102 with such performance. Currently, GIS type posts provide that under disconnectors 550 kVolts are not subjected to transfer voltage between bus systems (called BTV "B us T ransfer V oltage") of more than 20 Volts, as well as a transfer current between bus systems (called BTC " B us T ransfer C urrent") of more than 1600 amperes.
Toutefois, il est à prévoir que les futures installations de postes de type GIS à plus grande échelle devront pouvoir être soumises à des valeurs de tensions et des courants de transfert BTV, BTC plus élevées, et même au-delà d'un facteur 2. Il s'avère ainsi que la plupart des architectures actuelles de sectionneur à haute tension atteignent leur limite physique pour garantir une performance de coupure ou plus généralement de déconnexion (ou connexion) efficace.However, it is to be expected that future larger GIS-type substation installations will have to be able to be subjected to higher BTV, BTC and higher voltage values and transfer currents, and even beyond a factor of 2. It turns out that most current architectures of high voltage disconnectors reach their physical limit to ensure a performance of cutoff or more generally effective disconnection (or connection).
Afin d'améliorer les capacités à rompre un contact d'arc, différentes solutions ont été proposées.In order to improve the ability to break an arc contact, various solutions have been proposed.
Une de ces solutions consiste à coupler ledit contact principal mobile à un contact d'arc mobile, ce dernier étant destiné à être inséré dans ou retiré d'un contact d'arc fixe solidaire audit contact fixe. Le contact principal fixe et le contact d'arc fixe sont raccordés à un premier appareillage électrique, et le contact mobile et contact d'arc mobile sont raccordés à un second appareillage électrique. La mise en contact des contacts principaux et des contacts d'arc permet de fermer le circuit électrique connectant le premier et second appareillage électrique. A l'opposé, la séparation desdits contacts ouvre ledit circuit et déconnecte le premier appareillage électrique du second appareillage électrique.One of these solutions is to couple said movable main contact to a movable arcing contact, the latter being intended to be inserted into or removed from a fixed arcing contact integral with said fixed contact. The fixed main contact and the fixed arcing contact are connected to a first electrical apparatus, and the movable contact and moving arcing contact are connected to a second electrical apparatus. The contacting of the main contacts and the arcing contacts closes the electrical circuit connecting the first and second electrical equipment. In contrast, the separation of said contacts opens said circuit and disconnects the first electrical equipment of the second electrical equipment.
Selon cette solution, les contacts d'arcs sont utilisés pour retarder le moment d'apparition d'un arc électrique par rapport au moment de la déconnexion des contacts principaux et pour limiter la durée d'un tel arc, notamment afin de réduire une usure des contacts fixes et mobiles, et une pollution du milieu isolant dans laquelle lesdits contacts se trouvent. Traditionnellement, ledit contact d'arc mobile est couplé au contact principal mobile par un dispositif de déplacement, typiquement un dispositif à ressort, permettant d'une part une déconnexion des contacts d'arc se déroulant après déconnexion des contacts principaux, et d'autre part, une accélération subite du contact d'arc mobile permettant d'augmenter instantanément l'écartement entre le contact d'arc fixe et le contact d'arc mobile lorsque les contacts principaux (fixe et mobile) sont déjà déconnectés et en éloignement relatif progressif à vitesse constante lors d'une phase de déconnexion, i.e. d'ouverture du circuit électrique raccordant le premier appareillage électrique audit second appareillage électrique. Après avoir été subitement accéléré, le contact d'arc mobile se trouve positionné dans une chambre à l'intérieur dudit contact principal mobile, ce dernier se trouvant à une position finale de déconnexion. De telles techniques sont bien connues de l'homme du métier.According to this solution, the arcing contacts are used to delay the moment of appearance of an electric arc with respect to the moment of disconnection of the main contacts and to limit the duration of such an arc, in particular in order to reduce wear. fixed and mobile contacts, and a pollution of the insulating medium in which said contacts are located. Traditionally, said moving arc contact is coupled to the movable main contact by a displacement device, typically a spring device, allowing on the one hand a disconnection of the arcing contacts taking place after disconnection of the main contacts, and secondly, a sudden acceleration of the moving arcing contact to instantly increase the spacing between the fixed arcing contact and the movable arcing contact when the main contacts (fixed and mobile) are already disconnected and progressively relative distance at constant speed during a disconnection phase, ie opening of the electrical circuit connecting the first electrical apparatus to said second electrical equipment. After being suddenly accelerated, the movable arcing contact is positioned in a chamber within said movable main contact, the latter being at a final disconnection position. Such techniques are well known to those skilled in the art.
Une autre solution consiste à utiliser un matériel spécial, comme du carbone ou du cuivre-tungstène, pour le contact principal mobile qui a, dans ce cas, également la fonction de contact d'arc. Contrairement à la solution précédente, un unique contact mobile est dès lors présent dans le sectionneur.Another solution is to use a special material, such as carbon or copper-tungsten, for the movable main contact which in this case also has the arc contact function. Unlike the previous solution, a single moving contact is therefore present in the disconnector.
D'autres solutions sont basées sur l'utilisation d'un mécanisme permettant d'augmenter la vitesse d'éloignement relatif des contacts dudit sectionneur de façon à réduire au maximum la durée d'un arc électrique entre lesdits contacts.Other solutions are based on the use of a mechanism for increasing the relative removal speed of the contacts of said disconnector so as to minimize the duration of an electric arc between said contacts.
Une problématique des sectionneurs tels que précédemment décrit est liée à leur utilisation pour des tensions et courants plus élevés qui requièrent des vitesses d'ouvertures plus élevées, difficilement atteignables du fait par exemple de l'inertie des pièces en mouvement. En effet, plus la tension et le courant nominaux sont élevés, plus la tension de transfert (BTV) et le courant de transfert (BTC) sont élevés, et plus la vitesse de séparation des contacts doit être grande.A problem of the disconnectors as described above is related to their use for higher voltages and currents that require higher opening speeds, difficult to achieve, for example due to the inertia of moving parts. Indeed, the higher the tension and the nominal current are high, the higher the transfer voltage (BTV) and the transfer current (BTC), and the faster the separation rate of the contacts.
Un but de la présente invention est de proposer un sectionneur adapté aux hautes tensions et une méthode de déconnexion qui permette d'augmenter la vitesse relative d'éloignement des contacts principaux de façon à interrompre le plus rapidement possible l'arc électrique se formant entre lesdits contacts principaux lors de la déconnexion du premier et du second appareillage électrique, i.e. ouverture du circuit électrique raccordant ledit premier appareillage électrique audit second appareillage électrique, tout en maintenant des performances diélectriques élevées pour lesdits contacts principaux, ledit sectionneur devant de plus être simple et efficace. Un autre but est de proposer un sectionneur requérant un faible nombre de pièces mécaniques permettant d'optimiser les masses des éléments en mouvement, l'encombrement et les vitesses de déconnexion pour ledit sectionneur.An object of the present invention is to provide a disconnector adapted to high voltages and a disconnection method that increases the relative speed of removal of the main contacts so as to interrupt as quickly as possible the electric arc formed between said main contacts during the disconnection of the first and second electrical equipment, ie opening of the electrical circuit connecting said first electrical equipment to said second electrical equipment, while maintaining high dielectric performance for said main contacts, said disconnector to be more simple and effective . Another object is to provide a disconnector requiring a small number of mechanical parts for optimizing the masses of moving elements, size and disconnect speeds for said disconnector.
Dans ce but, un sectionneur et une méthode de déconnexion au moyen d'un sectionneur sont proposés selon les revendications indépendantes. Des sous-revendications présentes d'autres avantages de l'invention.For this purpose, a disconnector and a disconnection method by means of a disconnector are provided according to the independent claims. Subclaims present other advantages of the invention.
La présente invention concerne ainsi notamment un sectionneur adapté aux hautes tensions et comprenant :
- un premier contact connectable à un premier appareillage électrique ;
- un second contact connectable à un second appareillage électrique, ledit second contact comprenant un corps de contact et une tête de contact mobile par rapport au corps de contact entre une position A et une position B définies par rapport audit corps de contact, ledit corps de contact étant mobile le long d'un axe A entre une position fermée, dans laquelle ledit corps de contact et la tête de contact sont en contact avec ledit premier contact afin de connecter électriquement le premier appareillage électrique avec le second appareillage électrique et la tête de contact est en position B, et une position ouverte, dans laquelle ledit corps de contact et la tête de contact sont déconnectés dudit premier contact afin de déconnecter électriquement ledit premier appareillage électrique dudit second appareillage électrique et la tête de contact est en position B, ledit corps de contact se terminant, aussi bien en position ouverte qu'en position fermée, par ladite tête de contact montée mobile à l'extrémité du corps de contact destinée à entrer en contact avec le premier contact à ladite position fermée, ladite tête de contact étant notamment mobile axialement selon ledit axe A, l'autre extrémité dudit corps de contact étant fixée à un support de contact. Préférentiellement, la position A est une position éloignée dudit corps de contact et la position B est une position rapprochée dudit corps de contact, notamment à laquelle la tête de contact est plaquée contre le corps de contact de façon à rompre le contact électrique entre la tête de contact et ledit premier contact. En particulier, la tête de contact est montée coulissante par rapport au corps de contact entre la position A éloignée dudit corps de contact et la position B rapprochée dudit corps de contact, et vice versa. Selon la présente invention, l'ouverture dudit sectionneur destinée à déconnecter électriquement ledit premier appareillage dudit second appareillage est effectuée par déplacement du corps de contact de la position fermée à la position ouverte, la fermeture étant réalisée par déplacement du corps de contact de la position ouverte à la position fermée;
- ledit support de contact, destiné à supporter ledit corps de contact, mobile avec ce dernier le long dudit axe A, comprenant une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité selon ledit axe A, ladite première extrémité étant solidaire de ladite autre extrémité dudit corps de contact et ladite seconde extrémité étant éloignée axialement dudit corps de contact selon ledit axe A. En particulier, ladite seconde extrémité est configurée pour actionner un second dispositif de déplacement de la tête de contact lors d'un déplacement du corps de contact de la position fermée à la position ouverte;
- un premier dispositif de déplacement capable de déplacer le corps de contact de la position fermée à la position ouverte, et vice versa, ledit premier dispositif de déplacement étant notamment capable de déplacer le corps de contact à une vitesse V(t) en fonction du temps t qui est faible, typiquement de l'ordre du mm/s, voire constante ;
- ledit second dispositif de déplacement, déclenchable au moyen dudit support de contact, capable, lors d'un déplacement dudit corps de contact de la position fermée à la position ouverte, de déplacer la tête de contact de la position B à la position A tout en emmagasinant de l'énergie et de façon à ce que seule la tête de contact soit maintenue en contact avec ledit premier contact, puis de relâcher subitement ladite énergie emmagasinée afin de déplacer brusquement et transitoirement, en particulier transitoirement à une vitesse V'(t) supérieure à la vitesse V(t), ladite tête de contact de la position A à la position B de façon à rompre le contact entre la tête de contact et ledit premier contact. En particulier, le déplacement transitoire de ladite tête de contact à ladite vitesse V'(t) > V(t) entre ladite position A et ladite position B a lieu durant un intervalle de temps [t'1, t'2] compris dans l'intervalle de temps [t1, t2] nécessaire au déplacement dudit corps de contact entre ladite position fermée et ladite position ouverte. En particulier, lors de l'ouverture dudit sectionneur, ledit second dispositif de déplacement est ainsi capable, dans un premier temps, de maintenir la tête de contact en contact avec le premier contact lorsque le corps de contact s'éloigne dudit premier contact, provoquant autrement dit un éloignement de la tête de contact relativement au corps de contact lorsque ce dernier s'éloigne du premier contact et jusqu'à ce que la tête de contact soit à ladite position A éloignée dudit corps de contact, puis, dans un second temps, une fois cette position A atteinte, de brusquement ramener la tête de contact à sa position B rapprochée dudit corps de contact, permettant ainsi une déconnexion électrique très rapide dudit premier circuit et dudit second circuit.
- a first contact connectable to a first electrical equipment;
- a second contact connectable to a second electrical apparatus, said second contact comprising a body of contact and a movable contact head relative to the contact body between a position A and a position B defined with respect to said contact body, said contact body being movable along an axis A between a closed position, wherein said contact body and the contact head are in contact with said first contact for electrically connecting the first electrical equipment with the second electrical equipment and the contact head is in position B, and an open position, wherein said contact body and the contact head are disconnected from said first contact in order to electrically disconnect said first electrical equipment from said second electrical equipment and the contact head is in position B, said contact body terminating, both in the open position and in the closed position, by said contact head movably mounted at the end of the contact body intended to come into contact with the first contact act at said closed position, said contact head being in particular axially movable along said axis A, the other end of said contact body being fixed to a contact support. Preferably, the position A is a position remote from said contact body and the position B is a position close to said contact body, in particular to which the contact head is pressed against the contact body so as to break the electrical contact between the head. contact and said first contact. In particular, the contact head is slidably mounted relative to the contact body between the position A remote from said contact body and the position B close to said contact body, and vice versa. According to the present invention, the opening of said disconnector for electrically disconnecting said first apparatus from said second apparatus is effected by displacement of the contact body from the closed position to the open position, the closure being effected by moving the contact body from the open position to the closed position;
- said contact support, intended to support said movable contact body with the latter along said axis A, comprising a first end and a second end along said axis A, said first end being integral with said other end of said contact body and said second end being axially remote from said contact body along said axis A. In particular, said second end is configured to actuate a second device for moving the contact head during a displacement of the contact body from the closed position to the open position;
- a first displacement device capable of moving the contact body from the closed position to the open position, and vice versa, said first displacement device being able in particular to move the contact body at a speed V (t) as a function of time t which is weak, typically of the order of mm / s, or even constant;
- said second moving device, triggerable by means of said contact support, capable, during a displacement of said contact body from the closed position to the open position, of moving the contact head from position B to position A while storing energy and so that only the contact head is kept in contact with said first contact, then suddenly releasing said stored energy to move suddenly and transiently, particularly transiently at a speed V '(t) greater than the speed V (t), said contact head from the position A to the position B so as to break the contact between the contact head and said first contact. In particular, the transient displacement of said contact head at said speed V '(t)> V (t) between said position A and said position B takes place during a time interval [t'1, t'2] included in the time interval [t1, t2] necessary for the displacement of said contact body between said closed position and said open position. In particular, when opening said disconnector, said second displacement device is thus capable, in a first step, of keeping the contact head in contact with the first contact when the contact body moves away from said first contact, causing in other words a distance of the contact head relative to the contact body when the latter moves away from the first contact and until the contact head is at said position A away from said contact body, then, in a second step once this position has been reached, abruptly bringing back the contact head to its position B close to said contact body, thus allowing a very rapid electrical disconnection of said first circuit and said second circuit.
Afin de mieux comprendre la présente invention et de l'illustrer, un exemple de réalisation d'un sectionneur selon l'invention est fourni à l'aide des
- Figure 1-6 :
- représentation schématique et chronologique d'une ouverture d'un sectionneur selon l'invention.
- Figure 1-6:
- schematic and chronological representation of an opening of a disconnector according to the invention.
La
Le sectionneur selon l'invention permet de connecter un premier appareillage électrique à un second appareillage électrique lorsqu'il est en position fermée telle que présentée en
Le sectionneur, ledit premier appareillage électrique et ledit second appareillage électrique sont typiquement encapsulés dans une chambre de coupure comprenant un milieu isolant tel que de l'hexafluorure de soufre, ledit premier appareillage électrique étant par exemple situé à une extrémité amont dudit sectionneur et ledit second appareillage électrique étant situé par exemple à une extrémité aval dudit sectionneur.The disconnector, said first electrical equipment and said second electrical equipment are typically encapsulated in an interrupting chamber comprising an insulating medium such as sulfur hexafluoride, said first electrical equipment being for example located at an upstream end of said disconnector and said second electrical equipment being located for example at a downstream end of said disconnector.
Le sectionneur selon l'invention comprend en particulier un premier contact 1 connectable au premier appareillage électrique et un second contact 2 connectable audit second appareillage électrique. Le premier contact 1 comprend au moins une partie fixe 1', i.e. immobile par rapport à la chambre de coupure, et peut optionnellement également comprendre une partie mobile 11 par rapport à ladite partie fixe 1'. Le second contact 2 comprend une partie mobile et une partie fixe 2'. La partie fixe 2' du second contact 2 est suffisamment éloignée du premier contact 1 pour empêcher tout arc électrique entre le premier contact et le second contact. La partie mobile du second contact 2 comprend un corps de contact 21 et une tête de contact 22 montée mobile entre une position A et une position B définies par rapport au corps de contact 21. Un contact électrique 29 entre la tête de contact 22 et le corps de contact 21, par exemple un contact électrique glissant, permet en particulier le passage de courant entre la tête de contact et le corps de contact. La position A est en particulier une position éloignée, par exemple la plus éloignée, dudit corps de contact 21, et la position B est une position rapprochée, par exemple la plus rapprochée, dudit corps de contact 21. Le corps de contact 21 est lui-même monté mobile le long d'un axe A entre une position fermée F et une position ouverte O. Dans la position fermée F, ledit corps de contact 21 et la tête de contact 22 sont en contact avec ledit premier contact 1 afin de connecter électriquement la partie fixe 1' du premier contact 1 avec la partie fixe 2' du second contact 2, ou autrement dit le premier appareillage électrique avec le second appareillage électrique, la tête de contact 22 étant en position B lorsque le corps de contact 21 est en position fermée. Dans la position ouverte 0, ledit corps de contact 21 et la tête de contact 22 sont déconnectés dudit premier contact 1 afin de déconnecter électriquement l'une de l'autre la partie fixe 1' du premier contact 1 et la partie fixe 2' du second contact 2, ou autrement dit, ledit premier appareillage électrique dudit second appareillage électrique, la tête de contact 22 étant en position B lorsque le corps de contact 21 est en position ouverte.The disconnector according to the invention comprises in particular a
Selon la présente invention, le corps de contact 21 se termine, aussi bien en position 0 ouverte qu'en position fermée F, par ladite tête de contact 22 montée mobile à une extrémité dudit corps de contact 21, l'autre extrémité dudit corps de contact 21 étant fixée à un support de contact 23. En particulier, la tête de contact 22 est montée coulissante par rapport au corps de contact 21 de façon à pouvoir coulisser entre la position A éloignée dudit corps de contact 21 et la position B rapprochée dudit corps de contact 21, et vice versa. Préférentiellement, parmi le corps de contact 21 et la tête de contact 22, seule la tête de contact 22 fait face audit premier contact 1, de sorte qu'une vue de face du corps de contact 21 équipé de la tête de contact montée mobile sur ce dernier fait uniquement apparaître la tête de contact 22. En effet, selon la présente invention, ledit corps de contact 21 comprend une partie frontale contre laquelle vient se plaquer la tête de contact 22 en position B rapprochée, ladite partie frontale étant en particulier intégralement recouverte par ladite tête de contact 22 lorsque cette dernière est en position B de façon à empêcher un contact frontal entre le premier contact 1 et le corps de contact 21, en particulier entre le corps de contact 21 et la partie mobile 11 du premier contact 1, le corps de contact 21 étant configuré pour contacter uniquement latéralement via sa partie latérale ledit premier contact 1, par exemple ses contacts fixes 1', au moyen par exemple de contacts électriques latéraux 12 solidaires des contacts fixes 1' du premier contact 1.According to the present invention, the
Le support de contact 23 selon l'invention est destiné à supporter ledit corps de contact 21. Préférentiellement, ledit corps de contact 21 et le support de contact 23 sont disposés dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre selon ledit axe A et peuvent présenter une forme essentiellement longiligne s'étendant selon ledit axe A. Le support de contact 23 comprend une première extrémité et une seconde extrémité, ladite première extrémité étant solidaire de ladite autre extrémité dudit corps de contact 21 et ladite seconde extrémité étant éloignée axialement dudit corps de contact 21 selon ledit axe A. 6. En particulier, ladite seconde extrémité du support de contact 23 est configurée pour interagir avec un second dispositif de déplacement afin de déclencher un déplacement de la tête de contact 22 tel qu'il sera décrit plus tard.The
Le sectionneur selon l'invention comprend un premier dispositif de déplacement capable de déplacer, préférentiellement simultanément, la partie mobile du second contact 2 et/ou la partie mobile du premier contact 1. En particulier, le premier dispositif de déplacement est capable de déplacer le corps de contact 21 de la position fermée F à la position ouverte 0, et vice versa, à une vitesse V(t) en fonction du temps t. Un tel premier dispositif de déplacement est connu de l'homme du métier est ne nécessite pas de plus amples explications.The disconnector according to the invention comprises a first displacement device capable of displacing, preferably simultaneously, the moving part of the
Par contre, la présente invention propose un second dispositif de déplacement d'un nouveau genre qui permet de mettre en oeuvre de manière simple et rapide une rupture de la connexion électrique entre la partie mobile du second contact et le premier contact, par exemple entre les parties mobiles du premier et second contact. Ce second dispositif de déplacement est en particulier déclenchable par ledit support de contact 23, et comprend un ou plusieurs dispositifs parmi les dispositifs suivants:
un élément 24 fixé à la tête decontact 22 et s'étendant selon ledit axe A au moins jusqu'à ladite seconde extrémité dudit support decontact 23,ledit élément 24 étant notamment solidaire de ladite tête decontact 22 de façon à pouvoir mouvoir cette dernière, par exemple en la coulissant de la position A à la position B et vice versa, ledit élément 24 s'étendant, préférentiellement selon ledit axe A, depuis la tête decontact 22 en direction de ladite seconde extrémité dusupport de contact 23 et coopérant, notamment au voisinage de ladite seconde extrémité dusupport de contact 23, avec un système de blocage 25;- ledit système de blocage 25 comprenant deux états, respectivement un premier état configuré pour bloquer temporairement un déplacement dudit élément 24 dans une direction axiale selon ledit axe A, ladite direction axiale s'éloignant dudit
premier contact 1, lors du déplacement du corps decontact 21 de la position fermée F à la position ouverte 0, et un second état configuré pour autoriser un déplacement dudit élément 24 dans ladite direction axiale lors du déplacement du corps decontact 21 de la position fermée F à la position ouverte 0, le second état succédant chronologiquement au premier état lors dudit déplacement du corps decontact 21 de la position fermée F à la position ouverte 0; - un système mécanique 26 accouplé audit élément 24 et audit
support de contact 23 de façon à emmagasiner ladite énergie, par exemple de l'énergie potentielle préférentiellement mécanique ou élastique, pendant le blocage temporaire dudit élément 24 par le système de blocage 25 lors du déplacement du corps decontact 21 de la position fermée F à la position ouverte 0, ledit système mécanique étant configuré pour libérer ladite énergie dès que le système de blocage est dans le second état, i.e. dès que ce dernier autorise le déplacement dudit élément 24.
- an
element 24 fixed to thecontact head 22 and extending along said axis A at least to said second end of saidcontact support 23, saidelement 24 being in particular integral with saidcontact head 22 so as to be able to move this last, for example by sliding from position A to position B and vice versa, saidelement 24 extending, preferably along said axis A, from thecontact head 22 towards said second end of thecontact support 23 and cooperating, in particular in the vicinity of said second end of thecontact support 23, with alocking system 25; - said locking
system 25 comprising two states, respectively a first state configured to temporarily block a displacement of saidmember 24 in an axial direction along said axis A, said axial direction away from saidfirst contact 1, during the displacement of thecontact body 21 from the closed position F to the open position 0, and a second state configured to allow movement of saidmember 24 in said axial direction as thecontact body 21 is moved from the closed position F to the open position 0, the second succeeding state chronologically at the first state during said displacement of thecontact body 21 from the closed position F to the open position 0; - a
mechanical system 26 coupled to saidelement 24 and saidcontact support 23 so as to store said energy, for example preferably mechanical or elastic potential energy, during the temporary blocking of saidelement 24 by the lockingsystem 25 during the movement of thecontact body 21 from the closed position F to the open position 0, said mechanical system being configured to release said energy as soon as the blocking system is in the second state, ie as soon as the latter authorizes the displacement of saidelement 24.
Le second dispositif de déplacement selon l'invention est ainsi capable, lors d'un déplacement dudit corps de contact 21 de la position fermée F à la position ouverte 0, de maintenir temporairement, par exemple durant une période de temps Dt, la tête de contact 22 en contact avec ledit premier contact 1 notamment en déplaçant cette dernière de la position B à la position A par rapport au corps de contact 21 (i.e. par rapport à un référentiel lié au corps de contact 21), tout en emmagasinant, durant ce déplacement de la position B à la position A, i.e. durant ladite période de temps Dt, de l'énergie, puis de relâcher subitement, à la fin dudit déplacement de la position B à la position A, soit à la fin de la période de temps Dt, ladite énergie emmagasinée afin de déplacer brusquement et transitoirement ladite tête de contact 22 de la position A à la position B de façon à rompre le contact électrique entre la tête de contact 22 et ledit premier contact 1, par exemple entre la tête de contact et la partie mobile dudit premier contact. Préférentiellement, durant la phase d'emmagasinement de l'énergie, seule la tête de contact 22 est maintenue en contact avec ledit premier contact 1.The second displacement device according to the invention is thus capable, during a displacement of said
Préférentiellement, ledit second dispositif de déplacement permet de déplacer ladite tête de contact 22 à une vitesse V'(t) > V(t) lors du déplacement transitoire de ladite position A à ladite position B, ledit déplacement ayant lieu durant un intervalle de temps [t'1, t'2] compris dans l'intervalle de temps [t1, t2] nécessaire au déplacement dudit corps de contact 21 entre ladite position fermée F et ladite position ouverte 0. Selon la présente invention, le déclenchement du déplacement de la tête de contact de la position A à la position B est mis en oeuvre par interaction du support de contact 23 avec ledit second dispositif de déplacement. En particulier, un déplacement, par ledit premier dispositif de déplacement, du support de contact 23 selon ledit axe A en direction opposée dudit premier contact 1 est apte à provoquer une interaction dudit support de contact 23 avec le système de blocage 25 provoquant un changement d'état dudit système de blocage 25 passant du premier au second état, et un déplacement, par ledit premier dispositif de déplacement, du support de contact 23 dans une direction selon ledit axe A se rapprochant dudit premier contact 1 étant apte à faire passer le système de blocage 25 du second au premier état.Preferably, said second displacement device makes it possible to move said
Préférentiellement, ladite interaction est une interaction entre une surface dudit support de contact 23 et ledit système de blocage 25, par exemple entre ladite surface et des crochets 251 dudit système de blocage 25. En effet, selon un mode préférentiel de réalisation, le système de blocage 25 comprend un crochet 251 mobile d'une position de blocage à une position de déblocage et vice versa, qui, lorsque le système de blocage 25 est dans ledit premier état, est positionné dans la position de blocage adaptée pour bloquer un déplacement dudit élément 24 dans une direction selon ledit axe A s'éloignant dudit premier contact 1, et, lorsque le système de blocage 25 est dans ledit second état, est positionné dans la position de déblocage adaptée pour autoriser un déplacement dudit élément 24 dans la direction selon ledit axe A s'éloignant dudit premier contact. Selon la présente invention, le déplacement dudit crochet 251 entre sa position de blocage et sa position de déblocage est occasionné par ladite interaction de ladite surface dudit support de contact 23 et une partie dudit crochet 251.Preferably, said interaction is an interaction between a surface of said
Par exemple, ledit crochet 251 est muni d'une roulette 252 configurée pour interagir avec une surface d'interaction S dudit support de contact 23, l'interaction de ladite surface d'interaction S avec ladite roulette 252 étant apte à provoquer un mouvement dudit crochet 251, notamment un pivotement autour d'une rotule 3 solidaire d'une embase de support 4 dudit sectionneur, de ladite position de blocage à ladite position de déblocage, lorsque ladite surface d'interaction S est en translation le long dudit axe A par déplacement du support de contact 23 dans la direction selon ledit axe A s'éloignant du premier contact 1. Préférentiellement, ledit support de contact 23 comprend une première surface S1 d'appui extérieure pour ladite roulette 252, par exemple une surface cylindrique, et optionnellement une seconde surface S2 d'appui extérieure pour ladite roulette 252, par exemple une surface cylindrique, la première surface S1, et optionnellement la seconde surface S2, étant formée d'un ensemble de segments de droites parallèles audit axe A, ladite surface d'interaction S joignant par exemple ladite première surface S1 en décrivant un biais par rapport à cette dernière. Optionnellement, la surface d'interaction S joint la première surface S1 à ladite seconde surface S2 en décrivant ledit biais par rapport auxdites première et seconde surfaces, et donc en particulier par rapport audit axe A. Selon ce mode préférentiel de réalisation, le déplacement de ladite roulette 252 sur ledit biais de la surface d'interaction S provoque un déplacement dudit crochet 251 de la position de blocage à la position de déblocage ou vice versa selon la direction de déplacement dudit support de contact 23 par ledit premier dispositif de déplacement. Ainsi, selon la présente invention, un déplacement d'une partie du système de blocage, par exemple la roulette dudit crochet, sur la surface d'interaction du support de contact 23 provoque un éloignement radial par rapport audit axe A qui déclenche le déblocage du système de blocage, i.e. le passage du premier état au second état.For example, said
Préférentiellement, le système de blocage 25 comprend des moyens de rappel, par exemple élastique ou à ressort, configurés pour exercer une force ou un moment de force sur ledit crochet 251 de façon à s'opposer à un déplacement, par exemple par pivotement, dudit crochet 251 de la position de blocage à ladite position de déblocage. Optionnellement, ledit élément 24 s'étend d'une de ses extrémités solidaire de la tête de contact 22 à travers le corps de contact 21 et le support de contact 23 jusqu'à l'autre de ses extrémités éloignée axialement de ladite tête de contact 22 et configurée pour coopérer avec le système de blocage. En particulier, ledit élément 24 comprend au moins une tige, préférentiellement plusieurs tiges, s'étendant selon ledit axe A au-delà de ladite seconde extrémité du support de contact 23 et traversant ce dernier de part en part. En particulier, ladite tige se termine, à l'extrémité la plus proche de ladite seconde extrémité dudit corps de contact 23, par une rondelle d'arrêt 28 apte à interagir avec ledit moyen de blocage 25, par exemple avec ledit crochet 251.Preferably, the locking
Nous allons maintenant décrire plus en détail le fonctionnement dudit sectionneur selon l'invention, en particulier l'ouverture dudit sectionneur permettant la déconnexion du premier appareillage électrique du second appareillage électrique.We will now describe in more detail the operation of said disconnector according to the invention, in particular the opening of said disconnector for disconnection of the first electrical equipment of the second electrical equipment.
La
Lors de l'ouverture du sectionneur selon l'invention, le premier dispositif de déplacement va déplacer la partie mobile dudit second contact d'une position avale, dite « position fermée », à laquelle elle est en contact avec ledit premier contact 1, à une position amont, dite « position ouverte », à laquelle la partie mobile 11 du premier contact 1 et la partie mobile du second contact 2 sont déconnectées l'une de l'autre. A noter que lors de la connexion, le déplacement inverse est réalisé au moyen dudit second dispositif de déplacement. L'ouverture du sectionneur selon l'invention, et donc la déconnexion du premier appareillage électrique du second appareillage électrique, comprend chronologiquement les phases suivantes illustrées par les
- Une première phase, illustrée en
figure 2 , montre un déplacement simultané vers l'amont de la partie mobile 11 duditpremier contact 1 et de la partie mobile dusecond contact 2 par rapport aux parties fixes 1', 2' dupremier contact 1 et dusecond contact 2. Ce déplacement provoque notamment une déconnexion du corps decontact 23 d'uncontact électrique latéral 12 configuré pour contacter latéralement une partie latérale du corps decontact 21 avec la partie fixe 1' dupremier contact 1 lorsque ce dernier est en position fermée, alors que la tête decontact 22 reste constamment en contact avec la partie mobile 11 dupremier contact 1 tout au long dudit déplacement de la première phase. Ledit contact latéral est en particulier un contact solidaire de la partie fixe 1' dupremier contact 1, par exemple un contact ressort. Ledit déplacement de la première phase est notamment mis en oeuvre par le premier dispositif de déplacement comme expliqué précédemment. - Une seconde phase, illustrée par la
figure 3 , comprend la poursuite du déplacement vers l'amont dudit corps decontact 21 au moyen dudit premier dispositif de déplacement, durant laquelle la tête decontact 22 est maintenue en contact avec lepremier contact 1, en particulier avec la partie mobile 11 duditpremier contact 1, par le second dispositif de déplacement configuré pour emmagasiner de l'énergie durant le maintien du contact entre la tête decontact 22 et lepremier contact 1. Durant cette seconde phase, la tête decontact 22 passe de la position B rapprochée dudit corps decontact 21 à la position A éloignée dudit corps decontact 21. En particulier, ladite partie mobile 11 et la tête decontact 22 sont maintenues immobiles et en contact l'une avec l'autre, par exemple par le système de blocage 25 dudit second dispositif de déplacement tel que décrit précédemment, alors que le corps decontact 21 poursuit son déplacement vers l'amont l'éloignant toujours un peu plus duditpremier contact 1. Ladite énergie est par exemple une énergie potentielle élastique résultant de la compression du ressort 261 du système mécanique 26 par le support decontact 23,ledit ressort 261 étant notamment accouplé auditsupport de contact 23et audit élément 24 fixé à ladite tête decontact 22. Durant cette seconde phase, et en particulier, les roulettes 252 sont en contact avec et se déplacent sur la première surface S1. - Une troisième phase, illustrée par les
figures 4 et 5 , comprend la rupture dû contact électrique entre la tête decontact 22 et lepremier contact 1, notamment entre la tête decontact 22 et la partie mobile 11 duditpremier contact 1, par déclenchement dudit second dispositif de déplacement au moyen dusupport de contact 23 fixé audit corps decontact 21, ladite tête decontact 22 passant alors de la position A (cf.Fig. 4 ) à la position B (cf.Fig. 5 ), pendant que le corps de contact poursuit son déplacement vers l'amont, i.e. dans une direction s'éloignant duditpremier contact 1. Comme expliqué précédemment, le déclenchement dudit second dispositif est préférentiellement provoqué par interaction du second dispositif de déplacement avec le support decontact 23 lors du déplacement de ce dernier vers l'amont, ladite interaction provoquant un relâchement subit de ladite énergie et ladite rupture de contact. Ainsi qu'illustré par lesfigures 4 et 5 , durant cette troisième phase et en particulier, les roulettes 252 se déplacent de la première surface S1 à la seconde surface S2 en passant par ladite surface d'interaction S. Ce déplacement sur la surface d'interaction ou autrement dit le passage de la première surface S1 à la seconde surface S2 provoque un éloignement radial des roulettes 252 par rapport à l'axe A, cet éloignement radial provoquant lui-même un mouvement, par exemple pivotement, des crochets 251 autour de la rotule 3, i.e. provoquent le changement d'état dudit système de blocage, ce dernier passant du premier état au second état. Le crochets 251 qui, jusqu'alors, maintenait l'élément 24 et la tête de contact immobiles par rapport à la partie fixe 2' du second contact, libère ledit élément 24, autorisant par la même occasion la libération de l'énergie emmagasinée par le système mécanique, par exemple la détente dudit ressort 261, qui provoque un déplacement dudit élément 24 de l'aval vers l'amont tel que représenté par la flèche f enfigure 4 , et conséquemment, un déplacement de la tête decontact 22 de la position A à la position B. - Une quatrième phase, illustrée par la
figure 6 , comprend un déplacement vers l'amont de la tête de contact en position B et du corps decontact 23 jusqu'à déconnexion du corps decontact 21 d'un autre contact électrique latéral 27 configuré pour contacter latéralement la partie latérale du corps decontact 21 avec la partie fixe 2' du second contact (2) lorsque ce dernier est en position fermée. Le déplacement vers l'amont de la quatrième phase s'achève lorsque le corps decontact 21 est déconnecté électriquement dudit autrecontact latéral 27 et se trouve, avec la tête decontact 22, en retrait à l'intérieur du contact fixe 2' dudit second contact.
- A first phase, illustrated in
figure 2 , shows a simultaneous upstream movement of themovable portion 11 of saidfirst contact 1 and the movable portion of thesecond contact 2 relative to the fixed parts 1 ', 2' of thefirst contact 1 and thesecond contact 2. This displacement causes including a disconnection of thecontact body 23 from a lateralelectrical contact 12 configured to laterally contact a lateral portion of thecontact body 21 with the fixed portion 1 'of thefirst contact 1 when the latter is in the closed position, while the head ofcontact 22 remains in constant contact with themovable portion 11 of thefirst contact 1 throughout said movement of the first phase. Said lateral contact is in particular a solid contact of the fixed part 1 'of thefirst contact 1, for example a spring contact. Said displacement of the first phase is in particular implemented by the first displacement device as explained above. - A second phase, illustrated by
figure 3 , comprises the further upstream displacement of saidcontact body 21 by means of said first displacement device, during which thecontact head 22 is kept in contact with thefirst contact 1, in particular with themobile part 11 saidfirst contact 1, by the second displacement device configured to store energy during the maintenance of contact between thecontact head 22 and thefirst contact 1. During this second phase, thecontact head 22 passes from position B brought closer to saidcontact body 21 at the position A away from saidcontact body 21. In particular, saidmovable portion 11 and thecontact head 22 are held stationary and in contact with each other, for example by the control system. blocking said second displacement device as described above, while thecontact body 21 continues its upstream movement away still a little more than saidfirst contact 1. Said energy is for example a potential elastic energy resulting from the compression of thespring 261 of themechanical system 26 by thecontact support 23, saidspring 261 being in particular coupled to saidcontact support 23 and to saidelement 24 fixed saidcontact head 22. During this second phase, and in particular, therollers 252 are in contact with and move on the first surface S1. - A third phase, illustrated by
Figures 4 and 5 , comprises the breaking of electrical contact between thecontact head 22 and thefirst contact 1, in particular between thecontact head 22 and themobile part 11 of saidfirst contact 1, by triggering of said second displacement device by means of thecontact support 23 attached to saidcontact body 21, saidcontact head 22 then passing from the position A (cf.Fig. 4 ) at position B (cf.Fig. 5 ), while the contact body continues to move upstream, ie in a direction away from saidfirst contact 1. As explained above, the triggering of said second device is preferentially caused by interaction of the second displacement device with thesupport contact 23 during the displacement of the latter upstream, said interaction causing a sudden relaxation of said energy and said contact break. As illustrated by theFigures 4 and 5 , during this third phase and in particular, thecasters 252 move from the first surface S1 to the second surface S2 through said interaction surface S. This displacement on the interaction surface or in other words the passage from the first surface S1 to the second surface S2 causes aradial distance casters 252 with respect to the axis A, this radial distance causing itself a movement, for example pivoting hooks 251 around theball 3, ie cause the change of state of said locking system, the latter passing from first state to second state. Thehooks 251, which hitherto kept theelement 24 and the contact head stationary relative to the fixed part 2 'of the second contact, releases saidelement 24, thereby permitting the release of the energy stored by the mechanical system, for example the expansion of saidspring 261, which causes a displacement of saidelement 24 from downstream to upstream as represented by the arrow f infigure 4 , and consequently, a displacement of thecontact head 22 from position A to position B. - A fourth phase, illustrated by
figure 6 , comprises an upstream displacement of the contact head in position B and thecontact body 23 until disconnection of thecontact body 21 from another lateralelectrical contact 27 configured to contact laterally the lateral part of thecontact body 21 with the fixed part 2 'of the second contact (2) when the latter is in the closed position. The upstream displacement of the fourth phase is completed when thecontact body 21 is electrically disconnected from said otherlateral contact 27 and is, with thecontact head 22, recessed inside the fixed contact 2 'of said second contact.
Une connexion dudit sectionneur se déroule simplement dans l'ordre inverse, i.e. de la quatrième phase à la première phase, jusqu'à connexion dudit corps de contact 23 avec la partie fixe 1' du premier contact.A connection of said disconnector takes place simply in the reverse order, ie from the fourth phase to the first phase, until connection of said
Selon la présente invention, la tête de contact 22 a une forme de champignon, i.e. présente un tronc substantiellement cylindrique configuré pour coulisser dans le corps de contact 21 et être fixé audit élément 24, ledit tronc étant surmonté par un chapeau en forme de demi-sphère ou partie de sphère dont le centre est dirigé vers le tronc, notamment vers l'axe longitudinal central dudit tronc. Le corps de contact 21 est préférentiellement cylindrique, creux autour dudit axe A, afin de permettre un mouvement en translation dudit élément 24 et dudit tronc lors de déplacements selon ledit axe A d'amont en aval. Ledit chapeau recouvre en particulier complètement l'extrémité dudit corps de contact 21 qui est la plus proche dudit premier contact 1. Dans ce cas, la partie mobile 11 dudit second contact a une forme complémentaire audit chapeau, par exemple présente une forme concave. Alternativement, le chapeau de ladite tête de contact a une forme concave et ladite partie mobile 11 dudit premier contact 1 a une forme sphérique. Selon un mode préférentiel de réalisation, la partie mobile dudit premier contact comprend également une tête de contact mobile par rapport à un corps de contact, le second dispositif de déplacement étant conçu pour déplacer en sens inverse et simultanément la tête de contact 22 du second contact et la tête de contact dudit premier contact lors d'une ouverture dudit sectionneur.According to the present invention, the
Ainsi, la présente invention propose une nouvelle conception d'un sectionneur, pour lequel une partie seulement du contact mobile est mise en mouvement rapide, ce qui présente l'avantage de réduire fortement l'inertie, et permet d'atteindre des vitesses d'ouverture beaucoup plus grandes comparé aux techniques existantes, le tout avec peu d'énergie d'accumulation.Thus, the present invention proposes a new design of a disconnector, for which only a portion of the moving contact is set in rapid motion, which has the advantage of greatly reducing the inertia, and allows to achieve speeds of opening much larger compared to existing techniques, all with little accumulation energy.
Claims (15)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16290056.7A EP3226276B1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Disconnect switch suitable for medium and high voltages and disconnection method using said disconnect switch |
KR1020187031024A KR102056437B1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-02-08 | Intermediate for medium and high voltage and method for interruption by the interrupter |
CN201780021295.2A CN108885957B (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-02-08 | Isolating switch for medium and high voltage and method for switching off by means of said isolating switch |
PCT/EP2017/052689 WO2017167480A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2017-02-08 | Disconnector for medium and high voltages and method for disconnection by means of said disconnector |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP16290056.7A EP3226276B1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Disconnect switch suitable for medium and high voltages and disconnection method using said disconnect switch |
Publications (2)
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EP3226276A1 true EP3226276A1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
EP3226276B1 EP3226276B1 (en) | 2021-03-10 |
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EP16290056.7A Active EP3226276B1 (en) | 2016-03-31 | 2016-03-31 | Disconnect switch suitable for medium and high voltages and disconnection method using said disconnect switch |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3226276B1 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102056437B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN108885957B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017167480A1 (en) |
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US11380501B2 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-07-05 | Southern States Llc | High voltage electric power switch with carbon arcing electrodes and carbon dioxide dielectric gas |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0348645A2 (en) * | 1988-07-01 | 1990-01-03 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH | Device for the fast on and off switching of small currents for isolating switches of fully insulated switchgear |
EP0500550A1 (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1992-09-02 | Siemens Ag | Isolator switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear. |
FR3001081A1 (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2014-07-18 | Alstom Technology Ltd | ROTATING ARC CONTACT DISCONNECT |
EP2791957B1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2015-12-09 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Mobile conducting unit for a breaker, including a spring for accelerating the separation of arc contacts |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9068608B2 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2015-06-30 | Gates Corporation | Isolator decoupler |
-
2016
- 2016-03-31 EP EP16290056.7A patent/EP3226276B1/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-02-08 KR KR1020187031024A patent/KR102056437B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-02-08 WO PCT/EP2017/052689 patent/WO2017167480A1/en active Application Filing
- 2017-02-08 CN CN201780021295.2A patent/CN108885957B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0348645A2 (en) * | 1988-07-01 | 1990-01-03 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH | Device for the fast on and off switching of small currents for isolating switches of fully insulated switchgear |
EP0500550A1 (en) * | 1989-11-17 | 1992-09-02 | Siemens Ag | Isolator switch for metal-clad, compressed-gas-insulated high-voltage switchgear. |
EP2791957B1 (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2015-12-09 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Mobile conducting unit for a breaker, including a spring for accelerating the separation of arc contacts |
FR3001081A1 (en) * | 2013-01-14 | 2014-07-18 | Alstom Technology Ltd | ROTATING ARC CONTACT DISCONNECT |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3226276B1 (en) | 2021-03-10 |
KR20180123567A (en) | 2018-11-16 |
CN108885957A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
CN108885957B (en) | 2020-06-16 |
WO2017167480A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
KR102056437B1 (en) | 2020-01-14 |
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