EP3224907B1 - Plug connector for flexible conductor films - Google Patents
Plug connector for flexible conductor films Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3224907B1 EP3224907B1 EP15808332.9A EP15808332A EP3224907B1 EP 3224907 B1 EP3224907 B1 EP 3224907B1 EP 15808332 A EP15808332 A EP 15808332A EP 3224907 B1 EP3224907 B1 EP 3224907B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plug connector
- housing part
- blades
- flexible conductor
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 46
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/50—Fixed connections
- H01R12/59—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
- H01R12/65—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal
- H01R12/67—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal insulation penetrating terminals
- H01R12/675—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal insulation penetrating terminals with contacts having at least a slotted plate for penetration of cable insulation, e.g. insulation displacement contacts for round conductor flat cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/50—Fixed connections
- H01R12/59—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
- H01R12/65—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal
- H01R12/67—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal insulation penetrating terminals
- H01R12/68—Fixed connections for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures characterised by the terminal insulation penetrating terminals comprising deformable portions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/70—Coupling devices
- H01R12/77—Coupling devices for flexible printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables or like structures
- H01R12/778—Coupling parts carrying sockets, clips or analogous counter-contacts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/502—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces
- H01R13/504—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces different pieces being moulded, cemented, welded, e.g. ultrasonic, or swaged together
- H01R13/5045—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces different pieces being moulded, cemented, welded, e.g. ultrasonic, or swaged together different pieces being assembled by press-fit
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/52—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
- H01R13/521—Sealing between contact members and housing, e.g. sealing insert
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2404—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having teeth, prongs, pins or needles penetrating the insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2416—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type
- H01R4/242—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands the contact members having insulation-cutting edges, e.g. of tuning fork type the contact members being plates having a single slot
- H01R4/2425—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates
- H01R4/2429—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base
- H01R4/2433—Flat plates, e.g. multi-layered flat plates mounted in an insulating base one part of the base being movable to push the cable into the slot
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
- H01R4/24—Connections using contact members penetrating or cutting insulation or cable strands
- H01R4/2495—Insulation penetration combined with permanent deformation of the contact member, e.g. crimping
Definitions
- the invention relates to a connector for flexible conductor foils with foil-insulated conductors according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Flexible conductor foils with foil-insulated conductors are used today in the most diverse areas of entertainment and consumer electronics, but also in vehicle construction. Conductor films are used in particular where a very flexible conductor structure with the lowest possible weight and limited space conditions is desired. Flexible conductor foils allow an ordered parallel guidance of a plurality of separate conductor tracks, wherein larger bends are possible and thus parts are electrically conductively connected to each other, which are arranged in a very limited space. In particular, in the automotive industry such conductor films must be able to withstand major mechanical effects, such as vibrations.
- the contacting of the individual foil-insulated conductors is of particular importance. Especially in vehicle construction this must Contact safely and against external mechanical effects, but also with respect to temperature influences and environmental influences of various kinds, be resistant.
- the plug and the mating connector each have a base body and a lid, which can be brought into firm contact with the base body via a fixing mechanism.
- At least one penetration contact element is provided between the base body and the cover, which provides at least one base plate of electrically conductive material with penetrating bodies.
- the penetrating bodies are triangular shaped bodies formed of the base plate material, each having a triangular tip raised from the base plate and one of the triangular tip in the base plate opposite triangle base, around which each shaped body is bent.
- a plurality of penetrating bodies are provided in the base plate, the triangular base of which enclose an angle with the base plate longitudinal axis in such a way that the penetrating bodies are arranged alternately at an angle of ⁇ 60 ° relative to the base plate longitudinal axis.
- a foil-insulated conductor of the conductor foil end region can be arranged before the lid is brought into contact with the base body, wherein the penetration contact element at least partially penetrates the foil-insulated conductor for purposes of fixing the electrical contacting by pressing the lid against the base body. Also in this connector several independent assembly steps are required, on the one hand for contacting the individual foil-insulated conductors of the flexible conductor foil and on the other hand connected in this way with connectors foil-insulated conductor in a connector housing. Again, an automatic production is not readily possible.
- the connector according to the invention for flexible conductor foils with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that not only a simple and in particular an automatic production accessible contacting the foil-insulated tracks, in particular a simultaneous contacting several juxtaposed in the flexible conductor foil foil-insulated conductor tracks with simultaneous assembly the connector in the connector housing is possible, but in particular a very effective, electrically excellent and gas-tight contacting of the corresponding plug contacts can be realized, which also withstands mechanical stresses and can be used for example in the automotive industry.
- an advantageous embodiment provides that the second housing part has a receiving space adapted to the conductor foil, which in at least one housing wall has an opening for receiving the conductor foil.
- the flat flexible conductor foil can be inserted into the second housing part and is held there in the receiving space adapted to it.
- the opening and the receiving space are arranged in the second housing part such that a conductor foil arranged in the receiving space comes to rest substantially perpendicular to the cutting edges.
- the cutting edge receptacles have curved boundary surfaces.
- boundary surfaces are also preferably designed as sliding surfaces for at least a portion of the cutting.
- the boundary surfaces which form the sliding surfaces run in a funnel shape, that two blades are bent towards each other while they slide along the boundary surfaces.
- this assembly can also be automated.
- the cutting edges are arranged one behind the other along a line, that a foil-insulated conductor during assembly of the second connector housing part is cut at the first connector housing part in several places.
- a very advantageous embodiment provides that the cutting edges have different lengths, in each case a shorter cutting edge is in each case surrounded by two longer cutting, which are spaced from each other and whose length is so large that they are at the boundary surfaces of a respective Schneidability for conditioning come.
- a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the second housing part has a plurality in the longitudinal direction of the foil-insulated conductor arranged one behind the other cutting receptacles. In this way increases the contact surface and thus the contact reliability. In addition, increases the current carrying capacity of the contact thus produced in this way.
- first and / or second housing part which clamp the flexible conductor foil in the assembled state of the two housing parts in the area between the foil-insulated conductors.
- clamping elements can be formed purely in principle in various ways and arranged in the housing parts.
- clamping elements are each arranged between conductor tracks of the flexible conductor foil.
- clamping elements are each associated with rows of cutting.
- a very advantageous embodiment provides that in the first housing part first clamping elements and in the second housing part with the first clamping elements cooperating second clamping elements are arranged. In this way, to a certain extent a clamping of the flexible conductor foil is produced automatically during the assembly of the second to the first housing part.
- first and second clamping elements can be designed very differently.
- An advantageous embodiment provides that the first clamping elements are clamping teeth with rounded clamping tooth surfaces and that the second clamping elements are adapted to the clamping teeth, arranged in the second housing element openings.
- the clamping elements can be a particularly effective and easy to manufacture clamp and thus strain relief of the flexible conductor foil in the connector housing part can be achieved.
- the clamping teeth have a height which is dimensioned such that in the assembled state of the two housing parts to each other arranged between the first and the second housing part flexible conductor foil is deformed so that the deformed flexible conductor foil in the region of the openings slightly protrudes into the openings arranged in the second housing part.
- a very advantageous embodiment further provides that the second housing part can be latched to the first housing part.
- a designated as a whole with 10 connector has a housing which consists of two parts.
- a first connector housing part 100 plug contacts in the form of spring contacts 105 are arranged in a conventional manner. With the plug contacts 105 are electrically connected cutting 110, 115, which are arranged one behind the other in a line, each with a shorter cutting edge 115 is surrounded by two longer cutting 110.
- a second connector housing part 200 is formed as a separate part.
- the second connector housing part 200 is designed so that it can be fixed by being pushed into a corresponding opening in the first connector housing part 100 at this and can be locked with this.
- the second connector housing part 200 has an opening on a side wall 220 222, which serves to receive a flexible conductor foil 300.
- an opening 232 is likewise arranged, which is accessible from the interior of the second connector, more precisely from a receiving space 240 arranged in the interior and adapted to the conductor foil 300.
- Both openings 222, 232 thus open into the arranged in the second connector housing part, adapted to the conductor foil 300 receiving space 240, the dimensions of which correspond substantially to the outer dimensions of the conductor foil. How the particular Fig. 1 2, the outward-accessible opening 222, into which the conductor foil is inserted, is funnel-shaped so that insertion of the conductor foil 300 into the second connector housing part 200 is facilitated.
- two cutting receptacles 210 are provided, which can also be referred to as cutting receiving spaces.
- These cutting receptacles 210 have funnel-shaped curved boundary surfaces 211, 212, which are spaced apart from one another so that they are adapted to the distance between the two longer cutting edges 110 which surround the shorter cutting edge 115.
- the two longer cutting edges 110 which each surround the shorter cutting edge 115, so to speak "fit" into the cutting receptacles 210, wherein the longer cutting edges 110 come to rest on the boundary surfaces 211 and 212, respectively.
- the state before the final mounting of the second connector housing part 200 to the first connector housing part 100 is in Fig. 1 shown.
- the assembly is now carried out in that the second connector housing part 200 is pressed in the direction of the first connector housing part 100.
- the cutting edges 110, 115 cut through a foil-insulated conductor track of the conductor foil and thus contact the conductor foil with the plug contact 105.
- the two outer longer cutting edges 110 surrounding the shorter cutting edge 115 slide on the two boundary surfaces 211, 212 of the cutting receptacles 210 they are bent on each other as in Fig. 2 is shown.
- the outer edges 110 surrounding the shorter inner cutter 115 are bent towards each other.
- the two outer cutting edges 110 cut in the direction of the conductor foil and thus not only increase the contact surface and thus increase the contact reliability and also the current carrying capacity, but they are under prestress. As a result, a pressure is exerted on the contact surfaces and this in turn allows a gas-tight contacting.
- This type of contacting thus allows a relation to external influences, in particular mechanical loads, resistant electrical contacting, which - and this is particularly noteworthy - can also be done automatically.
- FIG. 9 shows the flexible conductor foil 300 in a completely assembled connector, ie after attachment of the housing part 200 to the housing part 100 to form the electrical contacting of foil-insulated conductors 310 of the conductor foil 300 and attachments of the conductor foil 300 in the manner described above.
- fastening elements in the form of clamping teeth 410 are provided in the first housing part, which have rounded clamping tooth surfaces 415. These clamping teeth 410 are respectively positioned in the spaces between the foil-insulated conductors 310 to clamp the flexible conductor foil 300 there.
- the foil-insulated conductor 310 in the flexible conductor foil 300 are arranged side by side.
- Each foil-insulated conductor 310 is associated with respective cutting edges 110, 115 in order to contact and clamp the foil-insulated conductors 310. In each case, each row of cutting edges 110, 115 are assigned clamping teeth 410.
- the Clamping teeth 410 thus lie between the cutting edges 110, 115, for example in the region of the flexible conductor foil 300, in which no foil-insulated conductor 310 is arranged.
- Fig. 3 In each case, three rows of cutting edges 110, 115 and rows of clamping teeth, which are likewise arranged one after the other and run essentially parallel to the rows of the cutting edges 110, 115, are shown. It is understood that for the in Fig. 3 shown flexible conductor foil 300 four such rows are provided, the fourth row is however broken away and not shown for the sake of clarity. This also applies to the Fig. 4 . 5 and 7 ,
- the conductor foil 300 is mounted in the second housing part 200 by being inserted in the receiving space 240 in the manner described above. This is in Fig. 4 shown schematically.
- the second housing part 200 is moved in the direction of the first housing part 100.
- the electrical contacting is produced in the manner described above by the cutting edges 110, 115 penetrate the foil-insulated conductor tracks 310 and then bent in the direction of the foil-insulated conductor 310, ie in the conductor direction.
- FIG. 5 shows an enlargement of the in Fig. 5 Section marked VI.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 shows an enlargement of the in Fig. 7 shown with VIII section shown.
- Fig. 7 shows the completely assembled connector with flexible conductor foil 300.
- the isometric view is cut in two planes to clearly show how not only the cutting edges 110, 115 run in rows parallel to the foil-insulated conductors 310 over this, but also assigned to them arranged in rows and arranged to extend parallel to the foil-insulated conductors 310.
- the clamping teeth 410 with their upwardly tapering portions 415, slightly deform the conductor foil 300, with the deformed portions 333 slightly projecting into the opening 510 provided in the second case member 200.
- the clamping teeth 410 have a height which is dimensioned such that in the assembled state of the two housing parts to each other between the first and the second housing part arranged flexible conductor foil 300 is deformed so that the deformed portions 333 of the flexible conductor foil 300 slightly into the Open openings 510, as in FIGS. 7 and 8 is shown.
- This type of clamping takes place evenly distributed over the entire conductor foil 300, resulting in a very stable attachment of the conductor foil 300 to form a strain relief.
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- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Steckverbinder für flexible Leiterfolien mit folienisolierten Leitern nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a connector for flexible conductor foils with foil-insulated conductors according to the preamble of claim 1.
Flexible Leiterfolien mit folienisolierten Leitern werden heute in den unterschiedlichsten Gebieten der Unterhaltungs- und Konsumelektronik, aber auch im Fahrzeugbau eingesetzt. Leiterfolien kommen insbesondere dort zum Einsatz, wo eine sehr flexible Leiterstruktur bei möglichst geringem Gewicht und beschränkten Raumbedingungen erwünscht ist. Flexible Leiterfolien gestatten eine geordnete Parallelführung von einer Vielzahl getrennter Leiterbahnen, wobei auch größere Biegungen möglich sind und so Teile elektrisch leitend miteinander verbindbar sind, die in einem nur sehr begrenzten Bauraum angeordnet sind. Insbesondere im Fahrzeugbau müssen derartige Leiterfolien auch größeren mechanischen Einwirkungen, wie beispielsweise Vibrationen, widerstehen können.Flexible conductor foils with foil-insulated conductors are used today in the most diverse areas of entertainment and consumer electronics, but also in vehicle construction. Conductor films are used in particular where a very flexible conductor structure with the lowest possible weight and limited space conditions is desired. Flexible conductor foils allow an ordered parallel guidance of a plurality of separate conductor tracks, wherein larger bends are possible and thus parts are electrically conductively connected to each other, which are arranged in a very limited space. In particular, in the automotive industry such conductor films must be able to withstand major mechanical effects, such as vibrations.
Dabei kommt insbesondere der Kontaktierung der einzelnen folienisolierten Leitern eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Besonders im Fahrzeugbau muss diese Kontaktierung sicher und gegenüber äußeren mechanischen Einwirkungen, aber auch gegenüber Temperatureinflüssen und Umgebungseinflüssen unterschiedlichster Art, widerstandsfähig ausgebildet sein.In particular, the contacting of the individual foil-insulated conductors is of particular importance. Especially in vehicle construction this must Contact safely and against external mechanical effects, but also with respect to temperature influences and environmental influences of various kinds, be resistant.
Aus der
Aus der
Aus der
Der erfindungsgemäße Steckverbinder für flexible Leiterfolien mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, dass nicht nur eine einfache und insbesondere einer automatischen Fertigung zugängliche Kontaktierung der folienisolierten Leiterbahnen, insbesondere auch eine simultane Kontaktierung mehrerer nebeneinander in der flexiblen Leiterfolie angeordneter folienisolierten Leiterbahnen bei gleichzeitiger Montage der Steckverbinder in dem Steckverbindergehäuse möglich ist, sondern insbesondere auch eine sehr wirkungsvolle, elektrisch hervorragende und gasdichte Kontaktierung der entsprechenden Steckkontakte realisierbar ist, die auch mechanischen Belastungen standhält und so beispielsweise auch im Automobilbau eingesetzt werden kann.The connector according to the invention for flexible conductor foils with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that not only a simple and in particular an automatic production accessible contacting the foil-insulated tracks, in particular a simultaneous contacting several juxtaposed in the flexible conductor foil foil-insulated conductor tracks with simultaneous assembly the connector in the connector housing is possible, but in particular a very effective, electrically excellent and gas-tight contacting of the corresponding plug contacts can be realized, which also withstands mechanical stresses and can be used for example in the automotive industry.
Diese hervorragende gasdichte Kontaktierung wird durch Biegen der Schneiden in Richtung der folienisolierten Leiter realisiert. Durch das Biegen der Schneiden wird ein Druck auf die Kontaktfläche ausgeübt und es vergrößert sich die elektrische Kontaktfläche. Hierdurch wird eine gasdichte Kontaktierung realisiert. Gleichzeitig werden die Schneiden unter einer gewissen Spannung in dem Steckverbindergehäuse gehalten. Die Herstellung der elektrischen Kontakte durch die mit dem Steckverbinder elektrisch leitend verbundenen Schneiden geschieht dabei auf sehr vorteilhafte Weise simultan während der Montage des Steckverbindergehäuses durch Ineinanderschieben der beiden Steckverbindergehäuseteile.This excellent gas-tight contact is realized by bending the cutting in the direction of the foil-insulated conductor. By bending the cutting edges, a pressure is exerted on the contact surface and the electrical contact surface increases. As a result, a gas-tight contacting is realized. At the same time, the blades are held under a certain tension in the connector housing. The preparation of the electrical contacts through the electrically conductive connected to the connector cutting takes place in a very advantageous manner simultaneously during assembly of the connector housing by telescoping the two connector housing parts.
Durch die in den abhängigen Ansprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des in dem unabhängigen Anspruch angegebenen Steckverbinders möglich. So sieht eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung vor, dass der zweite Gehäuseteil einen an die Leiterfolie angepassten Aufnahmeraum aufweist, der in wenigstens einer Gehäusewand eine Öffnung zur Aufnahme der Leiterfolie aufweist. Auf diese Weise kann die flache flexible Leiterfolie in den zweiten Gehäuseteil eingeschoben werden und wird dort in dem an sie angepassten Aufnahmeraum gehalten. Die Öffnung und der Aufnahmeraum sind dabei so in dem zweiten Gehäuseteil angeordnet, dass eine im Aufnahmeraum angeordnete Leiterfolie im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Schneiden zu liegen kommt. Auf diese Weise ist eine Montage-Vorpositionierung der flexiblen Leiterfolie in dem zweiten Gehäuseteil durch Einschieben der flexiblen Leiterfolie in den zweiten Gehäuseteil realisierbar, denn die flexible Leiterfolie ist in dem zweiten Gehäuseteil so bereits in einer Ausgangsposition angeordnet, die eine unmittelbare und auch automatisierte Kontaktierung der folienisolierten Leiter ermöglicht.The measures listed in the dependent claims advantageous refinements and improvements of the connector specified in the independent claim are possible. Thus, an advantageous embodiment provides that the second housing part has a receiving space adapted to the conductor foil, which in at least one housing wall has an opening for receiving the conductor foil. In this way, the flat flexible conductor foil can be inserted into the second housing part and is held there in the receiving space adapted to it. The opening and the receiving space are arranged in the second housing part such that a conductor foil arranged in the receiving space comes to rest substantially perpendicular to the cutting edges. In this way, an assembly pre-positioning of the flexible conductor foil in the second housing part by inserting the flexible conductor foil in the second housing part feasible, because the flexible conductor foil is already arranged in the second housing part in an initial position, the immediate and automated contacting of the foil-insulated conductor allows.
Vorteilhafterweise ist vorgesehen, dass die Schneidenaufnahmen gekrümmte Begrenzungsflächen aufweisen.Advantageously, it is provided that the cutting edge receptacles have curved boundary surfaces.
Diese Begrenzungsflächen sind darüber hinaus bevorzugt als Gleitflächen für wenigstens einen Teil der Schneiden ausgebildet.These boundary surfaces are also preferably designed as sliding surfaces for at least a portion of the cutting.
Dabei ist sehr vorteilhaft vorgesehen, dass die Begrenzungsflächen, welche die Gleitflächen bilden, so trichterförmig verlaufen, dass zwei Schneiden aufeinander zugebogen werden, während sie an den Begrenzungsflächen entlanggleiten. Diese an die Schneiden angepasste Ausbildung der Schneidenaufnahmen ermöglicht die optimale gasdichte Kontaktierung der folienisolierten Leiter mit dem wenigstens einen Steckkontakt während der Montage des zweiten Steckverbinderhäuseteils an dem ersten Steckverbindergehäuseteil.It is very advantageous provided that the boundary surfaces which form the sliding surfaces, run in a funnel shape, that two blades are bent towards each other while they slide along the boundary surfaces. This adapted to the cutting edge training of the blade holders allows the optimal gastight contacting of the foil-insulated conductor with the at least one plug-in contact during assembly of the second connector housing part to the first connector housing part.
Diese Montage kann insbesondere auch automatisiert erfolgen.In particular, this assembly can also be automated.
Dabei ist gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass die Schneiden so entlang einer Linie hintereinanderliegend angeordnet sind, dass ein folienisolierter Leiter während der Montage des zweiten Steckverbindergehäuseteils an dem ersten Steckverbindergehäuseteil an mehreren Stellen durchschnitten wird.In this case, according to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the cutting edges are arranged one behind the other along a line, that a foil-insulated conductor during assembly of the second connector housing part is cut at the first connector housing part in several places.
Dabei sieht eine sehr vorteilhafte Ausführungsform vor, dass die Schneiden unterschiedliche Längen aufweisen, wobei jeweils eine kürzere Schneide jeweils von zwei längeren Schneiden umgeben ist, die so voneinander beabstandet sind und deren Länge so groß ist, dass sie an den Begrenzungsflächen jeweils einer Schneidenaufnahme zur Anlage kommen.In this case, a very advantageous embodiment provides that the cutting edges have different lengths, in each case a shorter cutting edge is in each case surrounded by two longer cutting, which are spaced from each other and whose length is so large that they are at the boundary surfaces of a respective Schneidaufnahme for conditioning come.
Rein prinzipiell würde eine derartige Schneidenaufnahme mit drei Schneiden, einer kürzeren und zwei längeren, genügen, um eine gute und sichere und insbesondere gasdichte Kontaktierung der folienisolierten Leiter mit dem Steckkontakt zu realisieren. Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung sieht jedoch vor, dass der zweite Gehäuseteil mehrere in Längsrichtung der folienisolierten Leiter hintereinanderliegend angeordnete Schneidenaufnahmen aufweist. Auf diese Weise erhöht sich die Kontaktfläche und damit die Kontaktsicherheit. Darüber hinaus erhöht sich auf diese Weise auch die Stromtragfähigkeit der so hergestellten Kontaktierung.In principle, such a cutting receptacle with three cutting edges, one shorter and two longer, would be sufficient to realize a good and safe and in particular gas-tight contacting of the foil-insulated conductor with the plug contact. However, a particularly advantageous embodiment provides that the second housing part has a plurality in the longitudinal direction of the foil-insulated conductor arranged one behind the other cutting receptacles. In this way increases the contact surface and thus the contact reliability. In addition, increases the current carrying capacity of the contact thus produced in this way.
Zur Ausbildung einer Zugentlastung der flexiblen Leiterfolie im montierten Zustand in dem Steckverbinder sind in dem ersten und/oder zweiten Gehäuseteil Klemmelemente vorgesehen, welche die flexible Leiterfolie im montierten Zustand der beiden Gehäuseteile aneinander im Bereich zwischen den folienisolierten Leitern klemmen.To form a strain relief of the flexible conductor foil in the mounted state in the connector clamping elements are provided in the first and / or second housing part, which clamp the flexible conductor foil in the assembled state of the two housing parts in the area between the foil-insulated conductors.
Diese Klemmelemente können rein prinzipiell auf unterschiedlichste Art und Weise ausgebildet und in den Gehäuseteilen angeordnet sein.These clamping elements can be formed purely in principle in various ways and arranged in the housing parts.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass die Klemmelemente jeweils zwischen Leiterbahnen der flexiblen Leiterfolie angeordnet sind.An advantageous embodiment provides that the clamping elements are each arranged between conductor tracks of the flexible conductor foil.
Dabei kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Klemmelemente jeweils Reihen von Schneiden zugeordnet sind.It can be provided that the clamping elements are each associated with rows of cutting.
Eine sehr vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung sieht vor, dass in dem ersten Gehäuseteil erste Klemmelemente und in dem zweiten Gehäuseteil mit den ersten Klemmelementen zusammenwirkende zweite Klemmelemente angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise wird gewissermaßen automatisch während der Montage des zweiten an dem ersten Gehäuseteil eine Klemmung der flexiblen Leiterfolie hergestellt.A very advantageous embodiment provides that in the first housing part first clamping elements and in the second housing part with the first clamping elements cooperating second clamping elements are arranged. In this way, to a certain extent a clamping of the flexible conductor foil is produced automatically during the assembly of the second to the first housing part.
Die Ausbildung der ersten und zweiten Klemmelemente kann dabei sehr unterschiedlich gestaltet sein. Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform sieht vor, dass die ersten Klemmelemente Klemmzähne mit abgerundeten Klemmzahnflächen sind und dass die zweiten Klemmelemente an die Klemmzähne angepasste, in dem zweiten Gehäuseelement angeordnete Öffnungen sind. Durch eine derartige Ausgestaltung der Klemmelemente lässt sich eine besonders effektive und leicht herzustellende Klemmung und damit Zugentlastung der flexiblen Leiterfolie in dem Steckverbindergehäuseteil erzielen.The formation of the first and second clamping elements can be designed very differently. An advantageous embodiment provides that the first clamping elements are clamping teeth with rounded clamping tooth surfaces and that the second clamping elements are adapted to the clamping teeth, arranged in the second housing element openings. By such a design of the clamping elements can be a particularly effective and easy to manufacture clamp and thus strain relief of the flexible conductor foil in the connector housing part can be achieved.
Dabei ist vorteilhafterweise vorgesehen, dass die Klemmzähne eine Höhe aufweisen, die so bemessen ist, dass im montierten Zustand der beiden Gehäuseteile aneinander die zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Gehäuseteil angeordnete flexible Leiterfolie so deformiert wird, dass die deformierte flexible Leiterfolie im Bereich der Öffnungen geringfügig in die in dem zweiten Gehäuseteil angeordnete Öffnungen hineinragt.In this case, it is advantageously provided that the clamping teeth have a height which is dimensioned such that in the assembled state of the two housing parts to each other arranged between the first and the second housing part flexible conductor foil is deformed so that the deformed flexible conductor foil in the region of the openings slightly protrudes into the openings arranged in the second housing part.
Eine sehr vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung sieht ferner vor, dass das zweite Gehäuseteil mit dem ersten Gehäuseteil verrastbar ist.A very advantageous embodiment further provides that the second housing part can be latched to the first housing part.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
-
Fig. 1 eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinders für flexible Leiterfolien vor der Montage der beiden Gehäuseteile; -
Fig. 2 die inFig. 1 dargestellte Schnittdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Steckverbinders nach der Montage der beiden Gehäuseteile; -
Fig. 3 bis Fig. 8 in isometrischer, teilweise weggebrochener Darstellung aufeinanderfolgende Schritte der Montage einer flexiblen Leiterfolie in einem von der Erfindung Gebrauch machenden Steckverbinder sowie teilweise Ausschnittvergrößerungen und -
Fig. 9 in isometrischer Darstellung den in denFig. 3 bis 7 dargestellten Steckverbinder komplett.
-
Fig. 1 a schematic sectional view of a connector according to the invention for flexible conductor foils before mounting the two housing parts; -
Fig. 2 in theFig. 1 illustrated sectional view of a connector according to the invention after the assembly of the two housing parts; -
Fig. 3 to Fig. 8 in isometric, partially broken away view, successive steps of mounting a flexible conductor foil in a connector making use of the invention as well as partially enlarging and enlarging -
Fig. 9 in isometric representation in theFig. 3 to 7 complete connector shown.
Ein als Ganzer mit 10 bezeichneter Steckverbinder weist ein Gehäuse auf, welches aus zwei Teilen besteht. In einem ersten Steckverbindergehäuseteil 100 sind auf an sich bekannte Weise Steckkontakte in Form von Federkontakten 105 angeordnet. Mit den Steckkontakten 105 elektrisch leitend verbunden sind Schneiden 110, 115, die in einer Linie hintereinanderliegend angeordnet sind, wobei jeweils eine kürzere Schneide 115 von jeweils zwei längeren Schneiden 110 umgeben ist.A designated as a whole with 10 connector has a housing which consists of two parts. In a first
Ein zweiter Steckverbindergehäuseteil 200 ist als separates Teil ausgebildet. Der zweite Steckverbindergehäuseteil 200 ist so gestaltet, dass er durch Hineinschieben in eine entsprechende Öffnung in den ersten Steckverbindergehäuseteil 100 an diesem fixierbar und mit diesem verrastbar ist. Der zweite Steckverbindergehäuseteil 200 weist an einer Seitenwand 220 eine Öffnung 222 auf, die der Aufnahme einer flexiblen Leiterfolie 300 dient. In der gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand 230 ist ebenfalls eine Öffnung 232 angeordnet, die vom Inneren des zweiten Steckverbinders, genauer von einem im Inneren angeordneten, an die Leiterfolie 300 angepassten Aufnahmeraum 240 zugänglich ist. Beide Öffnungen 222, 232 münden also in den in dem zweiten Steckverbindergehäuseteil angeordneten, an die Leiterfolie 300 angepassten Aufnahmeraum 240, dessen Maße im Wesentlichen den äußeren Abmaßen der Leiterfolie entsprechen. Wie insbesondere der
In dem zweiten Steckverbindergehäuseteil 200 sind darüber hinaus zwei Schneidenaufnahmen 210 vorgesehen, die auch als Schneidenaufnahmeräume bezeichnet werden können. Diese Schneidenaufnahmen 210 weisen trichterförmig gekrümmte Begrenzungsflächen 211, 212 auf, die so voneinander beabstandet sind, dass sie an den Abstand der beiden längeren Schneiden 110, welche die kürzere Schneide 115 umgeben, angepasst sind. Die beiden längeren Schneiden 110, welche jeweils die kürzere Schneide 115 umgeben, "passen" also gewissermaßen in die Schneidenaufnahmen 210, wobei die längeren Schneiden 110 an den Begrenzungsflächen 211 bzw. 212 zur Anlage kommen. Der Zustand vor der endgültigen Montage des zweiten Steckverbindergehäuseteils 200 an dem ersten Steckverbindergehäuseteil 100 ist in
In den
Zur Realisierung einer Zugentlastung und einer sicheren Befestigung der flexiblen Leiterfolie 300 in dem Steckverbindergehäuse, gebildet aus erstem Gehäuseteil 100 und an diesem befestigten zweiten Gehäuseteil 200, sind in dem ersten Gehäuseteil Befestigungselemente in Form von Klemmzähnen 410 vorgesehen, welche abgerundete Klemmzahnflächen 415 aufweisen. Diese Klemmzähne 410 sind jeweils in den Zwischenräumen zwischen den folienisolierten Leitern 310 positioniert, um dort die flexible Leiterfolie 300 zu klemmen. Wie der
In dem zweiten Gehäuseteil 200 sind den Klemmzähnen 410 jeweils zugeordnete Öffnungen 510 vorgesehen, die an die Klemmzähne 410 so angepasst sind, dass die Klemmzähne von diesen Öffnungen 510 aufgenommen werden können.In the
Zunächst wird die Leiterfolie 300 in dem zweiten Gehäuseteil 200 montiert, indem sie auf die oben beschriebene Weise in dem Aufnahmeraum 240 eingeführt wird. Dies ist in
Sodann wird das zweite Gehäuseteil 200 in Richtung des ersten Gehäuseteils 100 bewegt. Dabei wird auf die ebenfalls vorbeschriebene Weise die elektrische Kontaktierung hergestellt, indem die Schneiden 110, 115 die folienisolierten Leiterbahnen 310 durchdringen und anschließend in Richtung der folienisolierten Leiter 310, also in Leiterrichtung gebogen werden.Then, the
Dieser Schritt ist schematisch in
Der fertig montierte Steckverbinder in seinem kompletten Zustand, also ohne teilweise weggeschnittene Bereiche, ist in
Die Zusammenwirkung der Kontaktierung durch die Schneiden 110, 115 mit der Klemmung durch die Klemmzähne 410 ermöglicht eine sehr gute, zuverlässige, langlebige und stabile Befestigung und Kontaktierung einer flexiblen Leiterfolie in einem Steckverbinder bei einfacher Montage.The interaction of the contacting by the cutting
Claims (16)
- Plug connector (10) for flexible conductor films (300) having film-insulated conductors, with a plug connector housing in which at least one plug contact element (105) is arranged, and with a connection region in which blades (110, 115) which are electrically conductively connected to the at least one plug contact element (105) penetrate and fix at least one film-insulated conductor by producing electrical contact, wherein the plug connector housing comprises two housing parts (100, 200) that can be pushed into one another, of which the first housing part (100) supports the blades (110, 115) and the at least one plug contact element (105) electrically conductively connected thereto, and of which the second housing part (200) receives and supports the flexible conductor film (300), and has the at least one blade receptacle (210) adapted to the blades (110, 115), characterised in that the blade receptacle boundary surfaces (211, 212) are configured in such a way that the at least a part of the blades (110, 115) is bent in the direction towards each other when the two housing parts (100, 200) are pushed into one another.
- Plug connector according to claim 1, characterised in that the second housing part (200) has a receiving space (240) adapted to the conductor film (300), which has two aligned openings (222, 232) in two housing walls (220, 230) situated opposite each other for receiving the conductor film (300).
- Plug connector according to claim 2, characterised in that the two aligned openings (222, 232) are arranged in such a way that a conductor film (300) arranged in the receiving space (240) comes to lie substantially perpendicular to the blades (110, 115).
- Plug connector according to claim 1, characterised in that the boundary surfaces (211, 212) of the blade receptacles (210) are bent.
- Plug connector according to claim 4, characterised in that the boundary surfaces (211, 212) of the blade receptacles (210) form sliding surfaces for at least a part of the blades (210, 215).
- Plug connector according to claim 5, characterised in that the boundary surfaces (211, 212) of the blade receptacles (210) run in such a funnel-shaped way that two blades (110) are bent towards each other while they slide along the boundary surfaces (211, 212).
- Plug connector according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the blades (110, 115) are arranged in such a way one behind the other along a line that, during the installation of the second housing part (200) on the first housing part, a film-insulated conductor is penetrated in several sections.
- Plug connector according to claim 7, characterised in that the blades (110, 115) are of different lengths, wherein respectively a shorter blade (115) is respectively enclosed by two longer blades (110) which are spaced apart in such a way and are so long that they come into contact with the boundary surfaces (211, 212) of a blade receptacle (210).
- Plug connector according to claim 1, characterised in that the second housing part (200) has several blade receptacles (210) arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the film-insulated conductor.
- Plug connector (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that clamping elements (410, 510) are provided in the first and/or second housing part (100, 200), which clamp the flexible conductor film (300) in the region between the film-insulated conductors (310),when the two housing parts (100, 200) are installed on each other,.
- Plug connector (10) according to claim 10, characterised in that the clamping elements (410, 510) are arranged between the conductive paths (310) of the flexible conductor film (300).
- Plug connector (10) according to claim 11, characterised in that the clamping elements (410, 510) are respectively assigned to rows of blades (110, 115).
- Plug connector (10) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that first clamping elements (410) are arranged in the first housing part (100), and second clamping elements (410), which interact with the first clamping elements, are arranged in the second housing part (200).
- Plug connector (10) according to claim 13, characterised in that the first clamping elements are clamping teeth (410) with clamping tooth surfaces (415) extending in the direction of the flexible conductor film (300), and that the second clamping elements are openings (510) arranged in the second housing element (200) and adapted to the clamping teeth.
- Plug connector (10) according to claim 14, characterised in that the clamping teeth (410) are of a height that, when the two housing parts (100, 200) are installed on each other, deforms the flexible conductor film (300) arranged between the first and the second housing part in such a way that the deformed regions (333) of the flexible conductor film slightly protrude into the openings (510) arranged in the second housing part (200).
- Plug connector (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the second housing part (200) is latched to the first housing part (100) when installed.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102014117469 | 2014-11-27 | ||
DE102015100401.1A DE102015100401B4 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2015-01-13 | Connector for flexible conductor foils |
PCT/DE2015/100485 WO2016082822A1 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2015-11-12 | Plug connector for flexible conductor films |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3224907A1 EP3224907A1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
EP3224907B1 true EP3224907B1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP15808332.9A Active EP3224907B1 (en) | 2014-11-27 | 2015-11-12 | Plug connector for flexible conductor films |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10236604B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3224907B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6619812B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR20170088387A (en) |
CN (1) | CN107112643B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112017010992B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2967079C (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015100401B4 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3224907T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2715497T3 (en) |
IL (1) | IL251773B (en) |
MX (1) | MX363356B (en) |
TW (1) | TWI675511B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016082822A1 (en) |
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RU2020134236A (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2022-05-06 | Фишер Коннекторс Холдинг С.А. | MULTIPLE CONNECTOR |
US11616324B2 (en) | 2018-04-06 | 2023-03-28 | Conextivity Group Sa | Multipolar connector |
DE102018116356B3 (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2019-12-05 | Erni Production Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connector for flexible conductor foils |
DE202021101969U1 (en) | 2021-04-13 | 2022-07-25 | Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg | electrical connector |
DE102021128871A1 (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | Erni International Ag | Connector, connector assembly, and a tool and method for assembling the connector assembly |
DE102021128888A1 (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | Erni International Ag | Connector, connector assembly and connector manufacturing method |
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- 2015-11-12 ES ES15808332T patent/ES2715497T3/en active Active
- 2015-11-12 US US15/531,067 patent/US10236604B2/en active Active
- 2015-11-12 EP EP15808332.9A patent/EP3224907B1/en active Active
- 2015-11-12 BR BR112017010992-1A patent/BR112017010992B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2015-11-12 DK DK15808332.9T patent/DK3224907T3/en active
- 2015-11-12 WO PCT/DE2015/100485 patent/WO2016082822A1/en active Application Filing
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DK3224907T3 (en) | 2019-04-08 |
TW201630261A (en) | 2016-08-16 |
TWI675511B (en) | 2019-10-21 |
MX363356B (en) | 2019-03-20 |
DE102015100401B4 (en) | 2016-12-15 |
KR20170088387A (en) | 2017-08-01 |
IL251773B (en) | 2018-02-28 |
BR112017010992B1 (en) | 2022-06-21 |
CA2967079A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
CN107112643A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
IL251773A0 (en) | 2017-05-29 |
DE102015100401A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
JP2018500730A (en) | 2018-01-11 |
CA2967079C (en) | 2023-09-05 |
MX2017005257A (en) | 2017-06-21 |
ES2715497T3 (en) | 2019-06-04 |
EP3224907A1 (en) | 2017-10-04 |
WO2016082822A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
CN107112643B (en) | 2019-10-25 |
BR112017010992A2 (en) | 2018-02-14 |
US20170331207A1 (en) | 2017-11-16 |
US10236604B2 (en) | 2019-03-19 |
JP6619812B2 (en) | 2019-12-11 |
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