EP3219992B1 - Fan unit - Google Patents

Fan unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3219992B1
EP3219992B1 EP16380007.1A EP16380007A EP3219992B1 EP 3219992 B1 EP3219992 B1 EP 3219992B1 EP 16380007 A EP16380007 A EP 16380007A EP 3219992 B1 EP3219992 B1 EP 3219992B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centrifugal impeller
blades
fan unit
energy consumption
interior opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP16380007.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3219992A1 (en
Inventor
Albert Bach-Esteve Burch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soler and Palau Research SL
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Soler and Palau Research SL
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soler and Palau Research SL filed Critical Soler and Palau Research SL
Priority to ES16380007T priority Critical patent/ES2837106T3/en
Priority to PT163800071T priority patent/PT3219992T/en
Priority to EP16380007.1A priority patent/EP3219992B1/en
Publication of EP3219992A1 publication Critical patent/EP3219992A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3219992B1 publication Critical patent/EP3219992B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/30—Vanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to air blower fans and in particular to radial type fans, proposing a fan unit equipped with a centrifugal impeller having a structural formation that provides a functional advantage in efficiency in relation to the air flow that is driven and the electrical energy consumption to drive this flow, where the air flow can be determined from the energy consumption of the motor driving the centrifugal impeller, without the need to use external sensors.
  • Radial fan units which include a centrifugal impeller that is rotationally driven by a motor, such that on rotating said centrifugal impeller drives an air flow from a central interior opening and projects it outwards to the periphery; for this purpose the centrifugal impeller is equipped with a set of blades arranged around the central interior opening to radially extract air from said central interior opening and project it outwards to the periphery.
  • centrifugal impellers In said centrifugal impellers the position and configuration of the blades are fundamental factors in determining the air driving capacity of the centrifugal impeller, which therefore decisively affects the performance of the fan unit; consequently said factors are essential in the structural design of centrifugal impellers.
  • centrifugal impellers with blades that curve forward are conventionally known, where the air driving blades are uniformly arranged in an inclined position in the direction of rotation and with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller, with an arched configuration in the transverse direction from the inner edge to the outer edge according to the position of the centrifugal impeller, the blades having a convex configuration positioned towards the outer periphery of the centrifugal impeller.
  • centrifugal impellers with blades that curve forward, the air flow measurement is obtained directly by measuring the energy consumption of the motor driving the centrifugal impeller and according to the characteristic flow/energy consumption curve of the fan unit.
  • centrifugal impellers of this type allow the air flow to be measured directly based on the energy consumption of the motor, they have a low efficiency in terms of flow/pressure with respect to the energy consumption driving the centrifugal impeller.
  • centrifugal impellers with blades that curve backward where the blades driving the air are also uniformly arranged in an inclined position in the direction of rotation and with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller, with an arched configuration in the transverse direction from the inner edge to the outer edge according to the position of the centrifugal impeller, but in this case the blades have a convex configuration positioned towards the inner periphery of the centrifugal impeller.
  • the invention is defined in the appended claim and proposes a fan unit with a radial configuration incorporating a centrifugal impeller developed with a structural formation presenting features for driving air that are advantageous in terms of efficiency, allowing the air flow to be measured indirectly based on the energy consumption of the fan unit without the need for external sensors.
  • the fan unit comprises a casing with a central interior opening which is provided with a centrifugal impeller rotationally driven by a motor.
  • the centrifugal impeller has a set of blades arranged around the central interior opening, and inclined with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller.
  • the centrifugal impeller has an inner edge adjacent to the central interior opening and an outer edge on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller.
  • the blades have an arched configuration extending transversely between the inner edge adjacent to the central interior opening and the outer edge arranged on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller, the blades curving backward and having a convex configuration on the pressure side positioned towards the inner part of the centrifugal impeller.
  • the fan unit additionally comprises measurement means configured to measure the air flow driven by the centrifugal impeller based on the energy consumption of the motor.
  • the transversely arched configuration of the blades has a curvature with a radius comprised between half and double the radius of the centrifugal impeller, which has proved in experiments to result in an air flow that favors the flow-energy consumption combination, such that better performance is achieved with respect to that of conventional centrifugal impellers with blades having a more pronounced curvature, with a radius of at least 85 millimeters, which are also more costly to manufacture.
  • a fan unit is thereby attained with a centrifugal impeller in which the structural features of the configuration of the blades determine conditions rendering the functional air driving behavior more efficient in comparison with air driven by conventional centrifugal impellers, improving the performance of the fan unit.
  • the fan unit object of the invention presents a centrifugal impeller resulting in features giving it its own identity and making it preferable with respect to other fan units with conventional impellers for the same application.
  • the object of the invention relates to a fan unit with a radial configuration incorporating a centrifugal impeller with a structural formation that improves the efficiency and performance of fan units incorporating conventional centrifugal impellers for the same application.
  • the fan unit comprises a casing (1) in which there is arranged or directly built a volute-type air duct (2) having a central interior opening (3) which is provided with a centrifugal impeller (4) rotationally driven by a motor (5), specifically a brushless electric motor.
  • the air is taken in through one of the sides of the fan unit towards the central interior opening (3) in the direction axial to the centrifugal impeller (4), and the air is let out in the direction radial to the centrifugal impeller (4) through the fan unit discharge outlet (6) .
  • the centrifugal impeller (4) comprises two annular elements (7) and (8) that are axially arranged parallel to one another, blades (9) arranged around the central interior opening (3) being intercalated between the annular elements (7) and (8), and the centrifugal impeller (4) having an inner edge (10) adjacent to the central interior opening (3) and an outer edge (11) arranged on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4).
  • the blades (9) extend from the central interior opening (3) of the centrifugal impeller (4) to the outer periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4), in an inclined position with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller (4) and according to a tangential arrangement with respect to the central interior opening (3).
  • the blades (9) have an arched configuration extending transversely between the inner edge (10) adjacent to the central interior opening (3) and the outer edge (11) on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4), the blades (9) curving backward and having a convex configuration on the pressure side positioned towards the inner part of the centrifugal impeller (4) .
  • the fan unit additionally comprises measurement means associated with the motor (5) driving the centrifugal impeller (4), said measurement means being particularly configured to measure the air flow driven by the centrifugal impeller (4) based on the energy consumption of the motor (5).
  • the transversely arched configuration of the blades (9) is based on a curvature with a radius (r) comprised between half and double the radius (Rr) of the centrifugal impeller (4), i.e., the curvature of the radius (4) of the blades (9) is comprised in the range [0.5*Rr ⁇ r ⁇ 2*Rr].
  • Said Figure 6 shows a comparative graph with three characteristic flow (Q)/energy consumption (Wa) curves.
  • the first curve (C 0 ) drawn in a solid line shows the characteristic curve of a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve backward;
  • the second curve (C 1 ) drawn in a line with dots shows the characteristic curve of the fan unit of the invention;
  • the third curve (C 2 ) drawn in a dashed line shows the characteristic curve of a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve forward.
  • the energy consumption of the fan unit of the invention is much lower than the energy consumption of a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve forward.
  • the first curve (C 0 ) reaches a maximum point (M) after which the energy consumption goes from increasing to decreasing, and therefore, there are two different flow rates for the same energy consumption of the motor driving the centrifugal impeller.
  • M maximum point
  • This particularity of the first curve (C 0 ) characteristic of a conventional fan unit with blades that curve backward makes it impossible for the flow rate to be measured directly based on the energy consumption, which means that external flow rate sensors are needed for efficient measurement.
  • the second curve (C 1 ) characteristic of the fan unit of the invention always shows increasing energy consumption as the driven air flow is increased, such that a specific air flow value always unequivocally corresponds to a specific energy consumption value.
  • the configuration of the blades (9) of the centrifugal impeller (4) of the invention allows the functional behavior of the fan unit to be improved, achieving a suitable driven air flow-energy consumption ratio, as with conventional fan units provided with blades that curve backward.
  • operating conditions are achieved in which the driven air flow always increases as energy consumption increases, as with conventional fan units provided with blades that curve forward, such that air flow can be measured precisely and reliably based on the energy consumption without having to use external sensors such as those required for equivalent conventional fan units with blades that curve backward.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

    Field of the Art
  • The present invention relates to air blower fans and in particular to radial type fans, proposing a fan unit equipped with a centrifugal impeller having a structural formation that provides a functional advantage in efficiency in relation to the air flow that is driven and the electrical energy consumption to drive this flow, where the air flow can be determined from the energy consumption of the motor driving the centrifugal impeller, without the need to use external sensors.
    • State of the Art
  • Radial fan units are known, which include a centrifugal impeller that is rotationally driven by a motor, such that on rotating said centrifugal impeller drives an air flow from a central interior opening and projects it outwards to the periphery; for this purpose the centrifugal impeller is equipped with a set of blades arranged around the central interior opening to radially extract air from said central interior opening and project it outwards to the periphery.
  • In said centrifugal impellers the position and configuration of the blades are fundamental factors in determining the air driving capacity of the centrifugal impeller, which therefore decisively affects the performance of the fan unit; consequently said factors are essential in the structural design of centrifugal impellers.
  • To this regard, centrifugal impellers with blades that curve forward are conventionally known, where the air driving blades are uniformly arranged in an inclined position in the direction of rotation and with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller, with an arched configuration in the transverse direction from the inner edge to the outer edge according to the position of the centrifugal impeller, the blades having a convex configuration positioned towards the outer periphery of the centrifugal impeller.
  • In centrifugal impellers with blades that curve forward, the air flow measurement is obtained directly by measuring the energy consumption of the motor driving the centrifugal impeller and according to the characteristic flow/energy consumption curve of the fan unit. Although centrifugal impellers of this type allow the air flow to be measured directly based on the energy consumption of the motor, they have a low efficiency in terms of flow/pressure with respect to the energy consumption driving the centrifugal impeller.
  • On the other hand, centrifugal impellers with blades that curve backward are known, where the blades driving the air are also uniformly arranged in an inclined position in the direction of rotation and with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller, with an arched configuration in the transverse direction from the inner edge to the outer edge according to the position of the centrifugal impeller, but in this case the blades have a convex configuration positioned towards the inner periphery of the centrifugal impeller.
  • In this embodiment external flow measurement sensors are needed to measure the air flow that is driven by the centrifugal impeller, increasing the complexity and cost of the fan unit. This is because when using centrifugal impellers of this type with blades that curve backward, air flow cannot be measured directly based on the measurement of the energy consumption of the motor driving the centrifugal impeller, as the characteristic flow/energy consumption curve of centrifugal impellers of this type has a maximum point, such that for the same energy consumption there are two different operational flow rates, it being impossible to determine which flow rate the fan unit is operating at, external sensors therefore being required. Other examples of prior-art can be found for instance in DE 29818179 U1 , WO 03/031918 A1 , US 2008/134713 A1 or US 2006/275123 A1 .
    • Object of the Invention
  • The invention is defined in the appended claim and proposes a fan unit with a radial configuration incorporating a centrifugal impeller developed with a structural formation presenting features for driving air that are advantageous in terms of efficiency, allowing the air flow to be measured indirectly based on the energy consumption of the fan unit without the need for external sensors.
  • The fan unit comprises a casing with a central interior opening which is provided with a centrifugal impeller rotationally driven by a motor. The centrifugal impeller has a set of blades arranged around the central interior opening, and inclined with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller. The centrifugal impeller has an inner edge adjacent to the central interior opening and an outer edge on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller.
  • According to the invention, the blades have an arched configuration extending transversely between the inner edge adjacent to the central interior opening and the outer edge arranged on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller, the blades curving backward and having a convex configuration on the pressure side positioned towards the inner part of the centrifugal impeller.
  • The fan unit additionally comprises measurement means configured to measure the air flow driven by the centrifugal impeller based on the energy consumption of the motor.
  • In particular, the transversely arched configuration of the blades has a curvature with a radius comprised between half and double the radius of the centrifugal impeller, which has proved in experiments to result in an air flow that favors the flow-energy consumption combination, such that better performance is achieved with respect to that of conventional centrifugal impellers with blades having a more pronounced curvature, with a radius of at least 85 millimeters, which are also more costly to manufacture.
  • A fan unit is thereby attained with a centrifugal impeller in which the structural features of the configuration of the blades determine conditions rendering the functional air driving behavior more efficient in comparison with air driven by conventional centrifugal impellers, improving the performance of the fan unit.
  • Thus, the fan unit object of the invention presents a centrifugal impeller resulting in features giving it its own identity and making it preferable with respect to other fan units with conventional impellers for the same application.
    • Description of the Drawings
    • Figure 1 shows a section view of the fan unit of the invention.
    • Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a centrifugal impeller with the features of the invention.
    • Figure 3 is a front view of said centrifugal impeller from Figure 2.
    • Figure 4 is a diametrical section view of the centrifugal impeller according to section IV-IV noted on Figure 3.
    • Figure 5 is a partial enlarged view of the centrifugal impeller according to section V-V noted on Figure 4.
    • Figure 6 shows a comparative graph with the characteristic flow/energy consumption curves of the fan unit of the invention, a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve forward and a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve backward.
    Detailed Description of the Invention
  • The object of the invention relates to a fan unit with a radial configuration incorporating a centrifugal impeller with a structural formation that improves the efficiency and performance of fan units incorporating conventional centrifugal impellers for the same application.
  • As observed in the section view in Figure 1, the fan unit comprises a casing (1) in which there is arranged or directly built a volute-type air duct (2) having a central interior opening (3) which is provided with a centrifugal impeller (4) rotationally driven by a motor (5), specifically a brushless electric motor. The air is taken in through one of the sides of the fan unit towards the central interior opening (3) in the direction axial to the centrifugal impeller (4), and the air is let out in the direction radial to the centrifugal impeller (4) through the fan unit discharge outlet (6) .
  • The centrifugal impeller (4) comprises two annular elements (7) and (8) that are axially arranged parallel to one another, blades (9) arranged around the central interior opening (3) being intercalated between the annular elements (7) and (8), and the centrifugal impeller (4) having an inner edge (10) adjacent to the central interior opening (3) and an outer edge (11) arranged on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4). The blades (9) extend from the central interior opening (3) of the centrifugal impeller (4) to the outer periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4), in an inclined position with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller (4) and according to a tangential arrangement with respect to the central interior opening (3).
  • According to the present invention, the blades (9) have an arched configuration extending transversely between the inner edge (10) adjacent to the central interior opening (3) and the outer edge (11) on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4), the blades (9) curving backward and having a convex configuration on the pressure side positioned towards the inner part of the centrifugal impeller (4) .
  • The fan unit additionally comprises measurement means associated with the motor (5) driving the centrifugal impeller (4), said measurement means being particularly configured to measure the air flow driven by the centrifugal impeller (4) based on the energy consumption of the motor (5).
  • In addition, the transversely arched configuration of the blades (9) is based on a curvature with a radius (r) comprised between half and double the radius (Rr) of the centrifugal impeller (4), i.e., the curvature of the radius (4) of the blades (9) is comprised in the range [0.5*Rr < r < 2*Rr]. This selection of the radius together with the structural configuration of the blades (9) defined by the invention allows improved behavior of the fan unit to be achieved as shown in the experimental results in Figure 6.
  • Said Figure 6 shows a comparative graph with three characteristic flow (Q)/energy consumption (Wa) curves. The first curve (C0) drawn in a solid line shows the characteristic curve of a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve backward; the second curve (C1) drawn in a line with dots shows the characteristic curve of the fan unit of the invention; the third curve (C2 ) drawn in a dashed line shows the characteristic curve of a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve forward.
  • From the comparison between the second and third curves (C1, C2), it can be observed that for the same flow rate, the energy consumption of the fan unit of the invention is much lower than the energy consumption of a conventional fan unit with a centrifugal impeller with blades that curve forward. On the other hand, the first curve (C0) reaches a maximum point (M) after which the energy consumption goes from increasing to decreasing, and therefore, there are two different flow rates for the same energy consumption of the motor driving the centrifugal impeller. This particularity of the first curve (C0) characteristic of a conventional fan unit with blades that curve backward makes it impossible for the flow rate to be measured directly based on the energy consumption, which means that external flow rate sensors are needed for efficient measurement. However, the second curve (C1) characteristic of the fan unit of the invention always shows increasing energy consumption as the driven air flow is increased, such that a specific air flow value always unequivocally corresponds to a specific energy consumption value.
  • Accordingly, the configuration of the blades (9) of the centrifugal impeller (4) of the invention allows the functional behavior of the fan unit to be improved, achieving a suitable driven air flow-energy consumption ratio, as with conventional fan units provided with blades that curve backward. In addition, operating conditions are achieved in which the driven air flow always increases as energy consumption increases, as with conventional fan units provided with blades that curve forward, such that air flow can be measured precisely and reliably based on the energy consumption without having to use external sensors such as those required for equivalent conventional fan units with blades that curve backward.

Claims (1)

  1. A fan unit, comprising a casing (1) with a central interior opening (3) which is provided with a centrifugal impeller (4) rotationally driven by a motor (5), the centrifugal impeller (4) has a set of blades (9) arranged around the central interior opening (3), and inclined with respect to the radial direction of the centrifugal impeller (4), the centrifugal impeller (4) has an inner edge (10) adjacent to the central interior opening (3) and an outer edge (11) on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4), wherein the blades (9) have an arched configuration extending transversely between the inner edge (10) adjacent to the central interior opening (3) and the outer edge (11) arranged on the periphery of the centrifugal impeller (4), the blades (9) curving backwards and having a convex configuration on the pressure side positioned towards the inner part of the centrifugal impeller (4), and characterized in that the fan unit additionally comprises measurement means configured to measure the air flow driven by the centrifugal impeller (4) based on the energy consumption of the motor (5) and in that the arched configuration of the blades (9) has a curvature with a radius (r) comprised between half and double the radius (Rr) of the centrifugal impeller (4).
EP16380007.1A 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Fan unit Active EP3219992B1 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES16380007T ES2837106T3 (en) 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Ventilation unit
PT163800071T PT3219992T (en) 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Fan unit
EP16380007.1A EP3219992B1 (en) 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Fan unit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16380007.1A EP3219992B1 (en) 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Fan unit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3219992A1 EP3219992A1 (en) 2017-09-20
EP3219992B1 true EP3219992B1 (en) 2020-09-30

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16380007.1A Active EP3219992B1 (en) 2016-03-14 2016-03-14 Fan unit

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3219992B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2837106T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3219992T (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3324052A1 (en) * 2016-11-18 2018-05-23 Sogefi Air & Cooling (SAS) Impeller for a fluid pump

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4231706A (en) * 1977-04-27 1980-11-04 Hitachi, Ltd. Impeller of a centrifugal blower
DE29818179U1 (en) * 1998-10-12 1999-02-11 Motoren Ventilatoren Landshut Gmbh, 84030 Landshut Radial blower
SE0103371D0 (en) * 2001-10-09 2001-10-09 Abb Ab Flow measurements
JP2005308606A (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-04 Shinko Kogyo Co Ltd Airflow meter for fan chamber of air conditioner
JP3879764B2 (en) * 2004-07-14 2007-02-14 ダイキン工業株式会社 Centrifugal blower
JP4700414B2 (en) * 2005-06-02 2011-06-15 本田技研工業株式会社 Multiblade fan for air-cooled internal combustion engine
KR20080054153A (en) * 2006-12-12 2008-06-17 삼성전자주식회사 Turbo fan and air-conditioner having the same

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2837106T3 (en) 2021-06-29
PT3219992T (en) 2020-12-28
EP3219992A1 (en) 2017-09-20

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