EP3217408B1 - Focussing module for a form filter and form filter for adjusting a spatial intensity distribution of a x-ray beam - Google Patents

Focussing module for a form filter and form filter for adjusting a spatial intensity distribution of a x-ray beam Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3217408B1
EP3217408B1 EP17173761.2A EP17173761A EP3217408B1 EP 3217408 B1 EP3217408 B1 EP 3217408B1 EP 17173761 A EP17173761 A EP 17173761A EP 3217408 B1 EP3217408 B1 EP 3217408B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
groove
continuous opening
frame
guide rail
pairs
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP17173761.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3217408A3 (en
EP3217408A2 (en
Inventor
Sascha Manuel Huck
Karl Stierstorfer
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Siemens Healthcare GmbH
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Siemens Healthcare GmbH
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Priority to EP17173761.2A priority Critical patent/EP3217408B1/en
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Publication of EP3217408A3 publication Critical patent/EP3217408A3/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/02—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators
    • G21K1/025—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating using diaphragms, collimators using multiple collimators, e.g. Bucky screens; other devices for eliminating undesired or dispersed radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/10—Scattering devices; Absorbing devices; Ionising radiation filters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a focusing module for a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam.
  • the invention also relates to a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam, an irradiation arrangement and a medical imaging device.
  • the spatial intensity distribution of the x-ray beam for example, as a function of physiological and / or anatomical parameters of the patient.
  • the X-ray source rotates around the patient, it can be taken into account that radiation striking the patient frontally travels a significantly shorter distance through the patient and consequently experiences significantly less absorption than radiation striking the patient from the side, which for example propagated from one shoulder to the opposite shoulder.
  • US 7403597 B2 discloses a diaphragm device for an X-ray device provided for scanning an object.
  • US 8218721 B2 discloses a diaphragm for the targeted influencing of X-rays which originate from an X-ray focus of a CT device and which is used to scan an object to be examined.
  • US 8873704 B2 discloses a filter for an x-ray device for forming an intensity profile of x-rays emanating from an x-ray source.
  • US 5099134 A discloses a collimator comprising a first array of a plurality of longitudinally extending radiation shielding plates arranged parallel to one another and each having a plurality of slots formed therein.
  • US 2010/239072 A1 discloses a collimator unit comprising a pair of retaining members each including a plurality of grooves formed in respective opposing surfaces. More examples are given in JPS58114800U and US2011 / 0096895 A1 disclosed.
  • US 2017/011815 A1 discloses an x-ray filter assembly comprising a plurality of x-ray attenuating layers arranged in a stack, the x-ray attenuating layers being angled to one another to have a focal point.
  • the invention has the object of enabling an improved setting of a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam.
  • the focusing module has a first guide rail and a second guide rail.
  • the respective first grooves of the groove pairs are formed in the first guide rail.
  • the respective second grooves of the groove pairs are formed in the second guide rail.
  • the first guide rail and / or the second guide rail is made from a crystalline semiconductor material.
  • the different planes which each have the focal point can intersect in a straight line which has the focal point.
  • the focus line can in particular be a straight line and / or have the focus point.
  • the through opening can be essentially rectangular, for example square.
  • the through opening can have two long sides and two short sides.
  • the frame can have a first transverse beam which forms a first long side of the through opening.
  • the frame can have a second transverse beam which forms a second long side of the through opening.
  • the frame can have a first side part which forms a first short side of the through opening.
  • the frame can have a second side part which forms a second short side of the through opening.
  • the first crossbar and / or the second crossbar can be made of aluminum, for example.
  • a transverse beam can be, for example, a single component or a composite assembly that has several components.
  • a side part can, for example, be a single component or a composite assembly that has several components.
  • first transverse bar can be connected to the second transverse bar by means of the first side part and the second side part.
  • first transverse bar can be arranged at a predetermined distance relative to the second transverse bar by means of the first side part and the second side part.
  • a first stop means can be formed in an area of the first groove, the lamellar plate being insertable along the first groove up to a form fit of the lamella plate with the first stop means, the form fit of the lamella plate with the first stop means further insertion of the lamella plate along the first groove counteracts.
  • the first stop means can be designed based on an additive manufacturing process and / or an abrasive manufacturing process or can be connected to the frame, for example glued.
  • the first stop means can be designed, for example, in the form of a stop rail.
  • a second stop means can be formed in a region of the second groove, the lamellar plate being insertable along the second groove up to a form fit of the lamella plate with the second stop means, the form fit of the lamella plate with the second stop means further insertion of the lamella plate along the second groove counteracts.
  • the second stop means can be designed based on an additive manufacturing process and / or an abrasive manufacturing process or can be connected to the frame, for example glued.
  • the second stop means can be designed, for example, in the form of a rail which extends along the frame.
  • the first guide rail and / or the second guide rail can be produced, for example, in the form of a strip made of a dimensionally stable and radiation-resistant material. Grooves can be formed in this strip by structuring.
  • the material is a crystalline semiconductor such as silicon.
  • the groove pairs can be formed based on an abrasive manufacturing process.
  • the first groove and / or the The second groove can in particular be produced using an abrasive process such as wire eroding or etching, for example.
  • the arrangement of groove pairs has several groove pairs.
  • the focusing module can have a plurality of arrangements of pairs of grooves, each arrangement of pairs of grooves being able to be assigned a focus point and / or a focus line.
  • a first arrangement which is formed by pairs of grooves, which are arranged in the center of the focusing module, is assigned a first focus line
  • a second arrangement which is formed by pairs of grooves, is assigned to the outside of the center of the focusing module are arranged, a second focus line is assigned.
  • the second focus line can be located closer to the focusing module than the first focus line or vice versa.
  • the invention also relates to a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam, having a focusing module according to the invention and a plurality of lamellar plates, which are each received in a groove pair of the arrangement of groove pairs and inserted into the through opening.
  • the arrangement of the lamellar plates i.e. the width, length and height of the lamellar plates as well as the distance and the angle between adjacent lamellar plates, can be freely selected over a wide range. In this way, for example, different shaft conditions for the tunnel-shaped opening or different line frequencies can be implemented, even along the same guide rail.
  • the material from which the lamellar plates are made can be freely selected within a wide range, in particular if it is strong enough to bridge the distance between the first groove and the second groove.
  • the lamellar plates can be made of tungsten and / or a tungsten alloy. With tungsten can have high absorption can be realized by X-rays. In this way, in particular, scattered radiation and a spectral hardening of the X-ray beam can be minimized.
  • the lamellar plates can be precisely and permanently aligned in the guide rails to the focal point and / or the focal line.
  • the lamellar plates can be fixed in the groove pairs to prevent wobbling and slipping out.
  • the lamellar plates can be fixed in the first groove and / or in the second groove, for example, by means of an adhesive or with the aid of stop rails.
  • a first stop rail can be provided which can be arranged on the frame and / or on the first guide rail in such a way that the first stop rail closes an open end of the first groove in each of the groove pairs.
  • a second stop rail can be provided which can be arranged on the frame and / or on the second guide rail in such a way that the second stop rail closes an open end of the second groove in each of the groove pairs.
  • the stop rails can, for example, be glued to the frame, to the first guide rail and / or to the second guide rail.
  • the invention also relates to a medical imaging device having an irradiation arrangement according to the invention.
  • the medical imaging device can be selected, for example, from the group of imaging modalities which consists of an X-ray machine, a C-arm X-ray machine, a computed tomography machine (CT machine), a single-photon emission computed tomography machine (SPECT-CT machine) combined with a computer tomography machine. and a positron emission tomography device (PET-CT device) combined with a computed tomography device.
  • the medical imaging device can furthermore have a combination of an imaging modality, which is selected, for example, from the group of imaging modalities, and an irradiation modality.
  • the irradiation modality can for example have an irradiation unit for therapeutic irradiation.
  • a computed tomography device is named as an example of a medical imaging device.
  • the invention further relates to an arrangement having a focusing module according to the invention, a shaped filter according to the invention, an irradiation arrangement according to the invention and / or a medical imaging device according to the invention.
  • the illustrated embodiment of a focusing module according to the invention has a frame R with a through opening H and an arrangement of groove pairs NP, which are arranged on the frame R on.
  • a focal point T can be defined relative to the arrangement of groove pairs NP, to which the through opening H faces.
  • the focal line TL runs through the focal point T and is essentially parallel to the axis of rotation AR.
  • the groove pairs NP are arranged next to one another along the through opening H in such a way that they are located in different planes E which each have the focal point T and intersect in the focal line TL.
  • the groove pairs NP each have a first groove N1 and a second groove N2 opposite the first groove N1 in relation to the through opening H.
  • the first groove N1 and the second groove N2 are designed such that a lamellar plate L can be received on two opposite edges of the lamellar plate L in the first groove N1 and the second groove N2 and along the first groove N1 and the second groove N2 in the continuous Opening H is insertable.
  • the through opening H is substantially rectangular.
  • the through opening H has two long sides HL1, HL2 and two short sides HS1, HS2.
  • the frame R has a first transverse beam RL1 which forms a first long side HL1 of the through opening H.
  • the frame R has a second transverse beam RL2 which forms a second long side HL2 of the through opening H.
  • the frame R has a first side part RS1, which forms a first short side HS1 of the through opening H.
  • the frame R has a second side part RS2, which forms a second short side HS2 of the through opening H.
  • the first crossbar RL1 is connected to the second crossbar RL2 by means of the first side part RS1 and the second side part RS2 and is arranged at a predetermined distance ZR relative to the second crossbar RL2.
  • the focusing module M also has a first guide rail RN1 and a second guide rail RN2.
  • the respective first grooves N1 of the groove pairs NP are formed in the first guide rail RN1.
  • the respective second grooves N2 of the groove pairs NP are formed in the second guide rail RN2.
  • the first guide rail RN1 is arranged on the first crossbar RL1, in particular glued to the first crossbar RL1.
  • the second guide rail RN2 is arranged on the second crossbar RL2, in particular glued to the second crossbar RL2.
  • an alternative embodiment of the invention provides that the guide rails are each arranged on the short sides of the through opening and / or that the guide rails each extend along the short sides of the through opening.
  • the alignment of the first groove N1 in the guide rail RN1 corresponds to the focusing direction of the lamellar plate L, which is inserted into the first groove N1.
  • the width and height of the first groove N1 are uniform according to the dimensions and tolerances of the lamellar plate L.
  • the illustrated embodiment of a shaped filter F according to the invention has the focusing module M and a plurality of lamellar plates L, which are each received in a groove pair of the arrangement of groove pairs NP and inserted into the through opening H.
  • a first stop means B1 is formed in an area of the first groove N1, the lamellar plate L being insertable along the first groove N1 up to a form fit of the lamellar plate L with the first stop means B1, the form fit of the lamella plate L to the first stop means B1 counteracts further insertion of the lamellar plate L along the first groove N1.
  • the first stop means B1 is formed by the closed end of the first groove N1, which does not extend over the entire extent of the lamellar plate L in the direction of the first groove N1.
  • the first groove N1 is only open from the front face of the guide rail RN1, so that lamellar plates L can be inserted from this direction but cannot slip out on the rear side.
  • the length of the lamellar plates L corresponds to the distance between the first guide rail RN1 and the second guide rail RN2 minus a suitable tolerance.
  • the distance YL between adjacent lamellar plates L can in particular be selected in such a way that the grid of the lamellar array formed by the lamellar plates L cannot be mapped by the grid of the detector 28. This can be implemented in particular with a rastering of the lamella array formed by the lamella plates L, which is finer than the resolution of the detector 28.
  • the distance YL between adjacent lamellar plates from one another can be between approximately 0.2 and approximately 0.5 millimeters, for example.
  • the illustrated embodiment example shows the distance between the centers of gravity of adjacent lamellar plates for the distance YL.
  • the width YN of the first groove N1 and / or of the second groove N2 can be between approximately 0.04 and approximately 0.08 millimeters, for example.
  • the depth ZN of the first groove N1 and / or the second groove N2 can be approximately 0.5 millimeters, for example.
  • the length XR of the first groove N1 and / or the second groove N2 can be approximately 3 millimeters, for example.
  • the extension of the frame R in the direction of the first groove N1 and / or in the direction of the second groove N2 can in particular be somewhat greater than the length XR.
  • the extension YR of the frame R in a direction along which the groove pairs NP are arranged one after the other in a row can be, for example, approximately 140 millimeters.
  • the distance ZR from the first groove N1 to the second groove N2 can be approximately 40 millimeters, for example.
  • the tolerances, in particular for the width YN and depth ZN can be, for example, approximately 10 micrometers.
  • the distance from the focal point T to the first groove N1 and / or to the second groove N2 can be approximately 220 millimeters, for example.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a medical imaging device according to the invention with a radiation arrangement according to the invention.
  • a computed tomography device is shown as an example for the medical imaging device 1.
  • the medical imaging device 1 has the gantry 20, the tunnel-shaped opening 9, the patient support device 10 and the control device 30.
  • the gantry 20 has the stationary support frame 21 and the rotor 24.
  • the rotor 24 is arranged on the support frame 21 so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation AR relative to the support frame 21 by means of a rotary bearing device.
  • the patient 13 can be introduced into the tunnel-shaped opening 9.
  • the acquisition area 4 is located in the tunnel-shaped opening 9.
  • an area of the patient 13 to be imaged can be positioned in such a way that the radiation 27 from the radiation source 26 can reach the area to be imaged and, after interacting with the area to be imaged, to the radiation detector 28 can reach.
  • the patient support device 10 has the support base 11 and the support plate 12 for positioning the patient 13.
  • the mounting plate 12 is arranged on the mounting base 11 so as to be movable relative to the mounting base 11 that the mounting plate 12 can be inserted into the acquisition area 4 in a longitudinal direction of the mounting plate 12, in particular along the axis of rotation AR.
  • the medical imaging device 1 is designed to acquire acquisition data based on electromagnetic radiation 27.
  • the medical imaging device 1 has an acquisition unit.
  • the acquisition unit is a projection data acquisition unit with the radiation source 26, e.g. B. an X-ray source, and the detector 28, z. B. an X-ray detector, in particular an energy-resolving X-ray detector.
  • the radiation source 26 is arranged on the rotor 24 and is used to emit radiation 27, e.g. B. X-rays, with radiation quanta 27 formed.
  • the detector 28 is arranged on the rotor 24 and is designed to detect the radiation quanta 27.
  • the radiation quanta 27 can pass from the radiation source 26 to the area of the patient 13 to be imaged and, after interacting with the area to be imaged, impinge on the detector 28. In this way, acquisition data of the area to be imaged can be recorded in the form of projection data by means of the acquisition unit.
  • the control device 30 is designed to receive the acquisition data acquired by the acquisition unit.
  • the control device 30 is designed to control the medical imaging device 1.
  • the control device 30 has the data processing unit 35, the computer-readable medium 32 and the processor system 36.
  • the control device 30, in particular the data processing unit 35 is formed by a data processing system which has a computer with a processor system.
  • the data processing unit 35 is designed in particular to control the positioning unit PF and is connected to the positioning unit PF by means of the positioning interface PFI.
  • the control device 30 has the image reconstruction device 34. Using the image reconstruction device 34, a medical image data set can be reconstructed based on the acquisition data.
  • the medical imaging device 1 has an input device 38 and an output device 39, which are each connected to the control device 30.
  • the input device 38 is for inputting control information, e.g. B. image reconstruction parameters, examination parameters or the like formed.
  • the output device 39 is in particular for outputting control information, Images and / or acoustic signals formed.
  • the parts of the frame R which hold the lamellar plates L in their respective position and specify the alignment of the lamellar plates L, are arranged outside the beam path in such a way that the X-ray beam 27 is not disturbed by these parts of the frame R.
  • the crossbeams RL1, RL2 can therefore be made solid and mechanically stable, without disadvantages with regard to the X-ray beam 27 arising as a result.
  • the side parts RS1, RS2 define the distance between the crossbars RL1, RL2 so that they do not protrude into the X-ray beam 27. Apart from the lamellar plates L and air, there is therefore no further material in the beam path that could influence the X-ray beam 27, for example through scattering or absorption.
  • holes RCS, RCM for example with threads, can be provided on the frame R, in particular in the crossbeams RL1, RL2.
  • the different parts of the frame R in particular the crossbars RL1, RL2 and the side parts RS1, RS2, can be connected to one another by means of the bores RCS.
  • the frame R can be connected to an actuator PFA of the positioning unit PF by means of the bores RCM.
  • the frame R can be made mechanically stable in such a way that the frame R can absorb relatively high forces and torques without being damaged or significantly deformed. In particular, rotations of the frame R relative to the X-ray source 26 can thus be carried out without damaging the sensitive and precise guide rails RN1, RN2.
  • the lamellar plates L are fixed and protected in the stable frame R. Strong acceleration forces due to a rotation of the rotor 24 are absorbed by the frame R and diverted. This can in particular prevent the acceleration forces which are due to the Rotation of the rotor 24 occur, the relative position and position of the lamellar plates L to one another is changed.
  • the lamellar plates L in the shaped filter F are aligned and fixed in such a way that each lamellar plate L is exactly aligned with the focal point T and / or the focal line TL.
  • the lamellar plates L are positioned in the beam path of the fan-shaped X-ray beam 27.
  • the shape filter F is positioned in a first position relative to the X-ray source 26, in which the focal point T corresponds to a starting point of the X-ray beam 27.
  • the lamellar plates L In the first position, the lamellar plates L have a minimal influence on the X-ray beam 27 and thus on the signal detected at the detector 28.
  • the area of the lamellar plates L on which the X-ray beam 27 can be absorbed is minimal in the first position.
  • the shaped filter F can be positioned relative to the X-ray source 26 by means of the positioning unit PF.
  • the shaped filter F can be rotated by means of the positioning unit PF about an axis which is essentially parallel to the axis of rotation AR and runs through the shaped filter 26, for example.
  • the shaped filter F can be rotated by means of the positioning unit PF about an axis which is perpendicular both to the axis of rotation AR and to a linear partial beam of the X-ray beam 27 impinging on the detector 28 and runs through the shaped filter 26, for example.
  • the shaped filter F can be shifted relative to the X-ray source 26.
  • the shaped filter F can be displaced along a linear partial beam of the x-ray beam 27 impinging on the detector 28 and / or perpendicular to this partial beam, in particular displaced substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation AR.
  • a spatial intensity distribution of the X-ray beam 27 can be set.
  • a change in position and / or position of the lamellar plates L relative to the frame R would in particular affect the signal detected at the detector 28 and the reproducibility of examinations.
  • the invention enables in particular a precise and permanent arrangement of lamellar plates L in the respective plane E.
  • the positioning unit PF can have a cardanic suspension, for example.
  • the shaped filter F can be connected to the rotor 24 by means of the cardanic suspension and / or positioned relative to the X-ray source 26.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of an example of an anti-scatter grid M-5, which can be used in particular for 2D x-ray recordings.
  • the anti-scatter grid M-5 is made up of alternating strips of paper S-5 and lead lamellae L-5.
  • the paper-lead assembly cover C-5 can be made from materials such as carbon fiber reinforced carbon (CFC) and / or aluminum.
  • CFC carbon fiber reinforced carbon
  • the paper strips S-5 serve as placeholders between the lead lamellas L-5 and can cause additional absorption and scattering of an X-ray beam 27.
  • an additional Absorption and scattering of the X-ray beam 27 can be avoided since no placeholders are required between the lamellar plates L in the beam path of the X-ray beam 27.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fokussierungsmodul für einen Formfilter zum Einstellen einer räumlichen Intensitätsverteilung eines Röntgenstrahls. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Formfilter zum Einstellen einer räumlichen Intensitätsverteilung eines Röntgenstrahls, eine Bestrahlungsanordnung und eine medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a focusing module for a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam. The invention also relates to a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam, an irradiation arrangement and a medical imaging device.

Insbesondere für eine Bildgebungsuntersuchung eines Patienten unter Verwendung eines Röntgenstrahls kann es vorteilhaft sein, die räumliche Intensitätsverteilung des Röntgenstrahls beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit von physiologischen und/oder anatomischen Parametern des Patienten einstellen zu können. Beispielsweise kann auf diese Weise bei einer Rotation der Röntgenquelle um den Patienten berücksichtigt werden, dass eine frontal auf den Patienten auftreffende Strahlung eine wesentlich kürzere Strecke durch den Patienten zurücklegt, und infolgedessen eine deutlich geringere Absorption erfährt, als seitlich auf den Patienten auftreffende Strahlung, welche beispielsweise von einer Schulter zur gegenüberliegenden Schulter propagiert.In particular for an imaging examination of a patient using an x-ray beam, it can be advantageous to be able to adjust the spatial intensity distribution of the x-ray beam, for example, as a function of physiological and / or anatomical parameters of the patient. In this way, for example, when the X-ray source rotates around the patient, it can be taken into account that radiation striking the patient frontally travels a significantly shorter distance through the patient and consequently experiences significantly less absorption than radiation striking the patient from the side, which for example propagated from one shoulder to the opposite shoulder.

US 7403597 B2 offenbart eine Blendenvorrichtung für eine zur Abtastung eines Objektes vorgesehene Röntgeneinrichtung. US 7403597 B2 discloses a diaphragm device for an X-ray device provided for scanning an object.

US 8218721 B2 offenbart eine Blende zur gezielten Beeinflussung von Röntgenstrahlung, die von einem Röntgenfokus eines CT-Gerätes ausgeht und der Abtastung eines Untersuchungsobjektes dient. US 8218721 B2 discloses a diaphragm for the targeted influencing of X-rays which originate from an X-ray focus of a CT device and which is used to scan an object to be examined.

US 8873704 B2 offenbart einen Filter für eine Röntgeneinrichtung zur Formung eines Intensitätsprofils von von einer Röntgenstrahlenquelle ausgehenden Röntgenstrahlung. US 8873704 B2 discloses a filter for an x-ray device for forming an intensity profile of x-rays emanating from an x-ray source.

US 5099134 A offenbart einen Kollimator, umfassend eine erste Anordnung von mehreren sich in Längsrichtung erstreckenden, eine Strahlung abschirmenden Platten, die parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und jeweils mehrere darin ausgebildete Schlitze aufweisen. US 5099134 A discloses a collimator comprising a first array of a plurality of longitudinally extending radiation shielding plates arranged parallel to one another and each having a plurality of slots formed therein.

US 2010/239072 A1 offenbart eine Kollimatoreinheit, umfassend ein Paar Halteelemente, die jeweils eine Vielzahl von Nuten umfassen, die in jeweiligen einander gegenüberliegenden Oberflächen ausgebildet sind. Weitere Beispiele werden in JPS58114800U und US2011/0096895 A1 offenbart. US 2010/239072 A1 discloses a collimator unit comprising a pair of retaining members each including a plurality of grooves formed in respective opposing surfaces. More examples are given in JPS58114800U and US2011 / 0096895 A1 disclosed.

US 2017/011815 A1 offenbart eine Röntgenfilteranordnung, umfassend eine Mehrzahl von Röntgenstrahldämpfungsschichten, die in einem Stapel angeordnet sind, wobei die Röntgenstrahldämpfungsschichten in einem Winkel zueinander angeordnet sind, um einen Fokuspunkt zu haben. US 2017/011815 A1 discloses an x-ray filter assembly comprising a plurality of x-ray attenuating layers arranged in a stack, the x-ray attenuating layers being angled to one another to have a focal point.

Die Erfindung hat die Aufgabe, ein verbessertes Einstellen einer räumlichen Intensitätsverteilung eines Röntgenstrahls zu ermöglichen.The invention has the object of enabling an improved setting of a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam.

Der Gegenstand des unabhängigen Anspruchs löst diese Aufgabe. In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind weitere vorteilhafte Aspekte der Erfindung berücksichtigt.The subject matter of the independent claim solves this problem. Further advantageous aspects of the invention are taken into account in the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fokussierungsmodul für einen Formfilter zum Einstellen einer räumlichen Intensitätsverteilung eines Röntgenstrahls, aufweisend

  • einen Rahmen mit einer durchgehenden Öffnung,
  • eine Anordnung von Nut-Paaren, welche an dem Rahmen angeordnet sind,
  • wobei relativ zu der Anordnung von Nut-Paaren ein Fokuspunkt definierbar ist, dem die durchgehende Öffnung zugewandt ist,
  • wobei die Nut-Paare entlang der durchgehenden Öffnung nebeneinander derart angeordnet sind, dass sie sich in verschiedenen Ebenen befinden, welche jeweils den Fokuspunkt aufweisen,
  • wobei die Nut-Paare jeweils eine erste Nut und eine der ersten Nut in Bezug auf die durchgehende Öffnung gegenüberliegende zweite Nut aufweisen, wobei die erste Nut und die zweite Nut derart ausgebildet sind, dass ein Lamellenblech an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Rändern des Lamellenblechs in die erste Nut und in die zweite Nut aufnehmbar und entlang der ersten Nut und der zweiten Nut in die durchgehende Öffnung einführbar ist.
The invention relates to a focusing module for a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam
  • a frame with a through opening,
  • an arrangement of groove pairs, which are arranged on the frame,
  • wherein a focal point can be defined relative to the arrangement of groove pairs, to which the through opening faces,
  • wherein the groove pairs are arranged next to one another along the through opening in such a way that they are located in different planes which each have the focal point,
  • wherein the groove pairs each have a first groove and a second groove opposite the first groove in relation to the through opening, the first groove and the second groove being designed such that a lamellar plate on two opposite edges of the lamellar plate in the first Groove and can be received in the second groove and inserted into the through opening along the first groove and the second groove.

Das Fokussierungsmodul weist eine erste Führungsschiene und eine zweite Führungsschiene auf. Die jeweils ersten Nuten der Nut-Paare sind in der ersten Führungsschiene ausgebildet. Die jeweils zweiten Nuten der Nut-Paare sind in der zweiten Führungsschiene ausgebildet. Die erste Führungsschiene und/oder die zweite Führungsschiene ist aus einem kristallinen Halbleitermaterial hergestellt.The focusing module has a first guide rail and a second guide rail. The respective first grooves of the groove pairs are formed in the first guide rail. The respective second grooves of the groove pairs are formed in the second guide rail. The first guide rail and / or the second guide rail is made from a crystalline semiconductor material.

Insbesondere können sich die verschiedenen Ebenen, welche jeweils den Fokuspunkt aufweisen, in einer Geraden, welche den Fokuspunkt aufweist, schneiden.In particular, the different planes which each have the focal point can intersect in a straight line which has the focal point.

Insbesondere ist hiermit ein Fokussierungsmodul für einen Formfilter zum Einstellen einer räumlichen Intensitätsverteilung eines Röntgenstrahls offenbart, aufweisend

  • einen Rahmen mit einer durchgehenden Öffnung,
  • eine Anordnung von Nut-Paaren, welche an dem Rahmen angeordnet sind,
  • wobei relativ zu der Anordnung von Nut-Paaren eine Fokuslinie definierbar ist, der die durchgehende Öffnung zugewandt ist,
  • wobei die Nut-Paare entlang der durchgehenden Öffnung nebeneinander derart angeordnet sind, dass sie sich in verschiedenen Ebenen befinden, welche sich in der Fokuslinie schneiden,
  • wobei die Nut-Paare jeweils eine erste Nut und eine der ersten Nut in Bezug auf die durchgehende Öffnung gegenüberliegende zweite Nut aufweisen, wobei die erste Nut und die zweite Nut derart ausgebildet sind, dass ein Lamellenblech an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Rändern des Lamellenblechs in die erste Nut und in die zweite Nut aufnehmbar und entlang der ersten Nut und der zweiten Nut in die durchgehende Öffnung einführbar ist.
In particular, a focusing module for a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam is hereby disclosed
  • a frame with a through opening,
  • an arrangement of groove pairs, which are arranged on the frame,
  • wherein a focus line can be defined relative to the arrangement of groove pairs, which the through opening faces,
  • wherein the groove pairs are arranged side by side along the through opening in such a way that they are located in different planes which intersect in the focus line,
  • wherein the groove pairs each have a first groove and a second groove opposite the first groove in relation to the through opening, the first groove and the second groove being formed in such a way that a lamellar plate adjoins two opposing edges of the lamellar plate can be received in the first groove and in the second groove and can be inserted into the through opening along the first groove and the second groove.

Die Fokuslinie kann insbesondere eine Gerade sein und/oder den Fokuspunkt aufweisen.The focus line can in particular be a straight line and / or have the focus point.

Insbesondere kann die durchgehende Öffnung im Wesentlichen rechteckig, beispielsweise quadratisch, sein. Insbesondere kann die durchgehende Öffnung zwei lange Seiten und zwei kurze Seiten aufweisen.In particular, the through opening can be essentially rectangular, for example square. In particular, the through opening can have two long sides and two short sides.

Insbesondere kann der Rahmen einen ersten Querbalken aufweisen, welcher eine erste lange Seite der durchgehenden Öffnung bildet. Insbesondere kann der Rahmen einen zweiten Querbalken aufweisen, welcher eine zweite lange Seite der durchgehenden Öffnung bildet. Insbesondere kann der Rahmen ein erstes Seitenteil aufweisen, welches eine erste kurze Seite der durchgehenden Öffnung bildet. Insbesondere kann der Rahmen ein zweites Seitenteil aufweisen, welches eine zweite kurze Seite der durchgehenden Öffnung bildet. Der erste Querbalken und/oder der zweite Querbalken können beispielsweise aus Aluminium hergestellt sein.In particular, the frame can have a first transverse beam which forms a first long side of the through opening. In particular, the frame can have a second transverse beam which forms a second long side of the through opening. In particular, the frame can have a first side part which forms a first short side of the through opening. In particular, the frame can have a second side part which forms a second short side of the through opening. The first crossbar and / or the second crossbar can be made of aluminum, for example.

Bei einem Querbalken kann es sich beispielsweise um ein einzelnes Bauteil oder um eine zusammengesetzte Baugruppe, welche mehrere Bauteile aufweist, handeln. Bei einem Seitenteil kann es sich beispielsweise um ein einzelnes Bauteil oder um eine zusammengesetzte Baugruppe, welche mehrere Bauteile aufweist, handeln.A transverse beam can be, for example, a single component or a composite assembly that has several components. A side part can, for example, be a single component or a composite assembly that has several components.

Insbesondere kann der erste Querbalken mittels des ersten Seitenteils und des zweiten Seitenteils mit dem zweiten Querbalken verbunden sein. Insbesondere kann der erste Querbalken mittels des ersten Seitenteils und des zweiten Seitenteils in einem vorgegebenen Abstand relativ zu dem zweiten Querbalken angeordnet sein.In particular, the first transverse bar can be connected to the second transverse bar by means of the first side part and the second side part. In particular, the first transverse bar can be arranged at a predetermined distance relative to the second transverse bar by means of the first side part and the second side part.

Insbesondere kann in einem Bereich der ersten Nut ein erstes Anschlagmittel ausgebildet sein, wobei das Lamellenblech entlang der ersten Nut bis zu einem Formschluss des Lamellenblechs mit dem ersten Anschlagmittel einführbar ist, wobei der Formschluss des Lamellenblechs mit dem ersten Anschlagmittel einem weiteren Einführen des Lamellenblechs entlang der ersten Nut entgegenwirkt. Insbesondere kann das erste Anschlagmittel basierend auf einem additiven Fertigungsverfahren und/oder einem abtragenden Fertigungsverfahren ausgebildet sein oder mit dem Rahmen verbunden, beispielsweise verklebt, sein. Das erste Anschlagmittel kann beispielsweise in Form einer Anschlagschiene ausgebildet sein.In particular, a first stop means can be formed in an area of the first groove, the lamellar plate being insertable along the first groove up to a form fit of the lamella plate with the first stop means, the form fit of the lamella plate with the first stop means further insertion of the lamella plate along the first groove counteracts. In particular, the first stop means can be designed based on an additive manufacturing process and / or an abrasive manufacturing process or can be connected to the frame, for example glued. The first stop means can be designed, for example, in the form of a stop rail.

Insbesondere kann in einem Bereich der zweiten Nut ein zweites Anschlagmittel ausgebildet sein, wobei das Lamellenblech entlang der zweiten Nut bis zu einem Formschluss des Lamellenblechs mit dem zweiten Anschlagmittel einführbar ist, wobei der Formschluss des Lamellenblechs mit dem zweiten Anschlagmittel einem weiteren Einführen des Lamellenblechs entlang der zweiten Nut entgegenwirkt. Insbesondere kann das zweite Anschlagmittel basierend auf einem additiven Fertigungsverfahren und/oder einem abtragenden Fertigungsverfahren ausgebildet sein oder mit dem Rahmen verbunden, beispielsweise verklebt, sein. Das zweite Anschlagmittel kann beispielsweise in Form einer Schiene ausgebildet sein, welche sich entlang des Rahmens erstreckt.In particular, a second stop means can be formed in a region of the second groove, the lamellar plate being insertable along the second groove up to a form fit of the lamella plate with the second stop means, the form fit of the lamella plate with the second stop means further insertion of the lamella plate along the second groove counteracts. In particular, the second stop means can be designed based on an additive manufacturing process and / or an abrasive manufacturing process or can be connected to the frame, for example glued. The second stop means can be designed, for example, in the form of a rail which extends along the frame.

Die erste Führungsschiene und/oder die zweite Führungsschiene kann beispielsweise in Form eines Streifens aus einem formstabilen und strahlresistenten Material hergestellt werden. In diesem Streifen können durch eine Strukturierung Nuten ausgebildet werden. In der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das Material ein kristalliner Halbleiter wie beispielsweise Silizium.The first guide rail and / or the second guide rail can be produced, for example, in the form of a strip made of a dimensionally stable and radiation-resistant material. Grooves can be formed in this strip by structuring. In the present invention, the material is a crystalline semiconductor such as silicon.

Insbesondere können die Nut-Paare basierend auf einem abtragenden Fertigungsverfahren ausgebildet sein. Die erste Nut und/oder die zweite Nut kann insbesondere unter Verwendung eines abtragenden Verfahrens wie beispielsweise Drahterodieren oder Ätzen gefertigt werden.In particular, the groove pairs can be formed based on an abrasive manufacturing process. The first groove and / or the The second groove can in particular be produced using an abrasive process such as wire eroding or etching, for example.

Die Anordnung von Nut-Paaren weist mehrere Nut-Paare auf. Insbesondere kann das Fokussierungsmodul eine Mehrzahl von Anordnungen von Nut-Paaren aufweisen, wobei jeder Anordnung von Nut-Paaren jeweils ein Fokuspunkt und/oder eine Fokuslinie zuordenbar ist. Beispielsweise kann vorgesehen sein, dass einer ersten Anordnung, welche von Nut-Paaren gebildet wird, die in der Mitte des Fokussierungsmoduls angeordnet sind, eine erste Fokuslinie zugeordnet ist und dass einer zweiten Anordnung, welche von Nut-Paaren gebildet wird, die außerhalb der Mitte des Fokussierungsmoduls angeordnet sind, eine zweite Fokuslinie zugeordnet ist. Beispielsweise kann sich die zweite Fokuslinie näher an dem Fokussierungsmodul befinden als die erste Fokuslinie oder umgekehrt.
Die Erfindung betrifft ferner einen Formfilter zum Einstellen einer räumlichen Intensitätsverteilung eines Röntgenstrahls, aufweisend ein erfindungsgemäßes Fokussierungsmodul und eine Mehrzahl von Lamellenblechen, welche jeweils in ein Nut-Paar der Anordnung von Nut-Paaren aufgenommen und in die durchgehende Öffnung eingeführt sind. Die Anordnung der Lamellenbleche, also die Breite, Länge und Höhe der Lamellenbleche sowie der Abstand und der Winkel zwischen benachbarten Lamellenblechen, kann in weiten Bereichen frei gewählt werden. Damit lassen sich beispielsweise verschiedene Schachtverhältnisse für die tunnelförmige Öffnung oder verschiedene Linienfrequenzen, auch entlang derselben Führungsschiene, realisieren. Das Material, aus dem die Lamellenbleche hergestellt sind, kann in weiten Bereichen frei gewählt werden, insbesondere sofern es fest genug ist, um den Abstand zwischen der ersten Nut und der zweiten Nut zu überbrücken. Insbesondere können die Lamellenbleche aus Wolfram und/oder aus einer WolframLegierung hergestellt sein. Mit Wolfram kann eine hohe Absorption von Röntgenstrahlung realisiert werden. Dadurch kann insbesondere Streustrahlung und eine spektrale Strahlaufhärtung des Röntgenstrahls minimiert werden.The arrangement of groove pairs has several groove pairs. In particular, the focusing module can have a plurality of arrangements of pairs of grooves, each arrangement of pairs of grooves being able to be assigned a focus point and / or a focus line. For example, it can be provided that a first arrangement, which is formed by pairs of grooves, which are arranged in the center of the focusing module, is assigned a first focus line and that a second arrangement, which is formed by pairs of grooves, is assigned to the outside of the center of the focusing module are arranged, a second focus line is assigned. For example, the second focus line can be located closer to the focusing module than the first focus line or vice versa.
The invention also relates to a shape filter for setting a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam, having a focusing module according to the invention and a plurality of lamellar plates, which are each received in a groove pair of the arrangement of groove pairs and inserted into the through opening. The arrangement of the lamellar plates, i.e. the width, length and height of the lamellar plates as well as the distance and the angle between adjacent lamellar plates, can be freely selected over a wide range. In this way, for example, different shaft conditions for the tunnel-shaped opening or different line frequencies can be implemented, even along the same guide rail. The material from which the lamellar plates are made can be freely selected within a wide range, in particular if it is strong enough to bridge the distance between the first groove and the second groove. In particular, the lamellar plates can be made of tungsten and / or a tungsten alloy. With tungsten can have high absorption can be realized by X-rays. In this way, in particular, scattered radiation and a spectral hardening of the X-ray beam can be minimized.

Durch die Wahl geeigneter Materialien und Techniken, können die Lamellenbleche präzise und dauerhaft in den Führungsschienen auf den Fokuspunkt und/oder die Fokuslinie ausgerichtet werden. Insbesondere können die Lamellenbleche gegen Wackeln und Herausrutschen in den Nut-Paaren fixiert werden. Das Fixieren der Lamellenbleche in der ersten Nut und/oder in der zweiten Nut kann beispielsweise durch einen Kleber oder mit Hilfe von Anschlagschienen erfolgen.By choosing suitable materials and techniques, the lamellar plates can be precisely and permanently aligned in the guide rails to the focal point and / or the focal line. In particular, the lamellar plates can be fixed in the groove pairs to prevent wobbling and slipping out. The lamellar plates can be fixed in the first groove and / or in the second groove, for example, by means of an adhesive or with the aid of stop rails.

Insbesondere kann eine erste Anschlagschiene vorgesehen sein, die an dem Rahmen und/oder an der ersten Führungsschiene derart anordenbar ist, dass die erste Anschlagschiene bei den Nut-Paaren jeweils ein offenes Ende der ersten Nut verschließt. Insbesondere kann eine zweite Anschlagschiene vorgesehen sein, die an dem Rahmen und/oder an der zweiten Führungsschiene derart anordenbar ist, dass die zweite Anschlagschiene bei den Nut-Paaren jeweils ein offenes Ende der zweiten Nut verschließt. Die Anschlagschienen können beispielsweise mit dem Rahmen, mit der ersten Führungsschiene und/oder mit der zweiten Führungsschiene verklebt werden.In particular, a first stop rail can be provided which can be arranged on the frame and / or on the first guide rail in such a way that the first stop rail closes an open end of the first groove in each of the groove pairs. In particular, a second stop rail can be provided which can be arranged on the frame and / or on the second guide rail in such a way that the second stop rail closes an open end of the second groove in each of the groove pairs. The stop rails can, for example, be glued to the frame, to the first guide rail and / or to the second guide rail.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Bestrahlungsanordnung, aufweisend

  • einen erfindungsgemäßen Formfilter,
  • eine Röntgenquelle zur Erzeugung des Röntgenstrahls,
  • eine Positioniereinheit zum Positionieren des Formfilters relativ zu der Röntgenquelle,
  • wobei der Formfilter mittels der Positioniereinheit in einer ersten Position relativ zu der Röntgenquelle positionierbar ist, in welcher der Fokuspunkt einem Anfangspunkt des Röntgenstrahls entspricht und/oder in welcher der Anfangspunkt des Röntgenstrahls auf der Fokuslinie liegt.
The invention also relates to an irradiation arrangement
  • a shaped filter according to the invention,
  • an X-ray source for generating the X-ray beam,
  • a positioning unit for positioning the shape filter relative to the x-ray source,
  • wherein the shape filter can be positioned by means of the positioning unit in a first position relative to the X-ray source, in which the focal point corresponds to a starting point of the X-ray beam and / or in which the starting point of the X-ray beam lies on the focal line.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung, aufweisend eine erfindungsgemäße Bestrahlungsanordnung.The invention also relates to a medical imaging device having an irradiation arrangement according to the invention.

Die medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung kann beispielsweise aus der Bildgebungsmodalitäten-Gruppe gewählt sein, welche aus einem Röntgengerät, einem C-Bogen-Röntgengerät, einem Computertomographiegerät (CT-Gerät), einem mit einem Computertomographiegerät kombinierten Einzelphotonen-Emissions-Computertomographiegerät (SPECT-CT-Gerät) und einem mit einem Computertomographiegerät kombinierten Positronen-Emissions-Tomographiegerät (PET-CT-Gerät) besteht. Die medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung kann ferner eine Kombination einer Bildgebungsmodalität, die beispielsweise aus der Bildgebungsmodalitäten-Gruppe gewählt ist, und einer Bestrahlungsmodalität aufweisen. Dabei kann die Bestrahlungsmodalität beispielsweise eine Bestrahlungseinheit zur therapeutischen Bestrahlung aufweisen.The medical imaging device can be selected, for example, from the group of imaging modalities which consists of an X-ray machine, a C-arm X-ray machine, a computed tomography machine (CT machine), a single-photon emission computed tomography machine (SPECT-CT machine) combined with a computer tomography machine. and a positron emission tomography device (PET-CT device) combined with a computed tomography device. The medical imaging device can furthermore have a combination of an imaging modality, which is selected, for example, from the group of imaging modalities, and an irradiation modality. The irradiation modality can for example have an irradiation unit for therapeutic irradiation.

Ohne Einschränkung des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens wird bei einigen der Ausführungsformen ein Computertomographiegerät beispielhaft für eine medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung genannt.Without restricting the general inventive concept, in some of the embodiments a computed tomography device is named as an example of a medical imaging device.

Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Anordnung, aufweisend ein erfindungsgemäßes Fokussierungsmodul, einen erfindungsgemäßen Formfilter, eine erfindungsgemäße Bestrahlungsanordnung und/oder eine erfindungsgemäße medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung.The invention further relates to an arrangement having a focusing module according to the invention, a shaped filter according to the invention, an irradiation arrangement according to the invention and / or a medical imaging device according to the invention.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen unter Hinweis auf die beigefügten Figuren erläutert. Die Darstellung in den Figuren ist schematisch, stark vereinfacht und nicht zwingend maßstabsgetreu.In the following, the invention is explained on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying figures. The representation in the figures is schematic, greatly simplified and not necessarily true to scale.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Fokussierungsmoduls,
  • Fig. 2 eine schematische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Formfilters,
  • Fig. 3 eine weitere schematische Ansicht des Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Formfilters,
  • Fig. 4 eine schematische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen medizinischen Bildgebungsvorrichtung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Bestrahlungsanordnung, und
  • Fig. 5 eine schematische Ansicht eines Beispiels für ein Streustrahlenraster.
Show it:
  • Fig. 1 a schematic view of an embodiment of a focusing module according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2 a schematic view of an embodiment of a shaped filter according to the invention,
  • Fig. 3 a further schematic view of the embodiment of the shaped filter according to the invention,
  • Fig. 4 a schematic view of an embodiment of a medical imaging device according to the invention with an irradiation arrangement according to the invention, and
  • Fig. 5 Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an example of an anti-scatter grid.

Das in Fig. 1 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Fokussierungsmoduls weist einen Rahmen R mit einer durchgehenden Öffnung H und eine Anordnung von Nut-Paaren NP, welche an dem Rahmen R angeordnet sind, auf. Relativ zu der Anordnung von Nut-Paaren NP ist ein Fokuspunkt T definierbar, dem die durchgehende Öffnung H zugewandt ist. Die Fokuslinie TL verläuft durch den Fokuspunkt T und ist im Wesentlichen parallel zu der Rotationsachse AR.This in Fig. 1 The illustrated embodiment of a focusing module according to the invention has a frame R with a through opening H and an arrangement of groove pairs NP, which are arranged on the frame R on. A focal point T can be defined relative to the arrangement of groove pairs NP, to which the through opening H faces. The focal line TL runs through the focal point T and is essentially parallel to the axis of rotation AR.

Die Nut-Paare NP sind entlang der durchgehenden Öffnung H nebeneinander derart angeordnet, dass sie sich in verschiedenen Ebenen E befinden, welche jeweils den Fokuspunkt T aufweisen und sich in der Fokuslinie TL schneiden. Die Nut-Paare NP weisen jeweils eine erste Nut N1 und eine der ersten Nut N1 in Bezug auf die durchgehende Öffnung H gegenüberliegende zweite Nut N2 auf. Die erste Nut N1 und die zweite Nut N2 sind derart ausgebildet, dass ein Lamellenblech L an zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Rändern des Lamellenblechs L in die erste Nut N1 und die zweite Nut N2 aufnehmbar und entlang der ersten Nut N1 und der zweiten Nut N2 in die durchgehende Öffnung H einführbar ist.The groove pairs NP are arranged next to one another along the through opening H in such a way that they are located in different planes E which each have the focal point T and intersect in the focal line TL. The groove pairs NP each have a first groove N1 and a second groove N2 opposite the first groove N1 in relation to the through opening H. The first groove N1 and the second groove N2 are designed such that a lamellar plate L can be received on two opposite edges of the lamellar plate L in the first groove N1 and the second groove N2 and along the first groove N1 and the second groove N2 in the continuous Opening H is insertable.

Die durchgehende Öffnung H ist im Wesentlichen rechteckig. Die durchgehende Öffnung H weist zwei lange Seiten HL1, HL2 und zwei kurze Seiten HS1, HS2 auf. Der Rahmen R weist einen ersten Querbalken RL1 auf, welcher eine erste lange Seite HL1 der durchgehenden Öffnung H bildet. Der Rahmen R weist einen zweiten Querbalken RL2 auf, welcher eine zweite lange Seite HL2 der durchgehenden Öffnung H bildet. Der Rahmen R weist ein erstes Seitenteil RS1 auf, welches eine erste kurze Seite HS1 der durchgehenden Öffnung H bildet. Der Rahmen R weist ein zweites Seitenteil RS2 auf, welches eine zweite kurze Seite HS2 der durchgehenden Öffnung H bildet. Der erste Querbalken RL1 ist mittels des ersten Seitenteils RS1 und des zweiten Seitenteils RS2 mit dem zweiten Querbalken RL2 verbunden und in einem vorgegebenen Abstand ZR relativ zu dem zweiten Querbalken RL2 angeordnet.The through opening H is substantially rectangular. The through opening H has two long sides HL1, HL2 and two short sides HS1, HS2. The frame R has a first transverse beam RL1 which forms a first long side HL1 of the through opening H. The frame R has a second transverse beam RL2 which forms a second long side HL2 of the through opening H. The frame R has a first side part RS1, which forms a first short side HS1 of the through opening H. The frame R has a second side part RS2, which forms a second short side HS2 of the through opening H. The first crossbar RL1 is connected to the second crossbar RL2 by means of the first side part RS1 and the second side part RS2 and is arranged at a predetermined distance ZR relative to the second crossbar RL2.

Das Fokussierungsmodul M weist ferner eine erste Führungsschiene RN1 und eine zweite Führungsschiene RN2 auf. Die jeweils ersten Nuten N1 der Nut-Paare NP sind in der ersten Führungsschiene RN1 ausgebildet. Die jeweils zweiten Nuten N2 der Nut-Paare NP sind in der zweiten Führungsschiene RN2 ausgebildet.The focusing module M also has a first guide rail RN1 and a second guide rail RN2. The respective first grooves N1 of the groove pairs NP are formed in the first guide rail RN1. The respective second grooves N2 of the groove pairs NP are formed in the second guide rail RN2.

In dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die erste Führungsschiene RN1 an dem ersten Querbalken RL1 angeordnet, insbesondere mit dem ersten Querbalken RL1 verklebt. Die zweite Führungsschiene RN2 ist an dem zweiten Querbalken RL2 angeordnet, insbesondere mit dem zweiten Querbalken RL2 verklebt.In the in Fig. 1 The embodiment shown, the first guide rail RN1 is arranged on the first crossbar RL1, in particular glued to the first crossbar RL1. The second guide rail RN2 is arranged on the second crossbar RL2, in particular glued to the second crossbar RL2.

Eine zu dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel alternative Ausführungsform der Erfindung sieht vor, dass die Führungsschienen jeweils an den kurzen Seiten der durchgehenden Öffnung angeordnet sind und/oder dass sich die Führungsschienen jeweils entlang der kurzen Seiten der durchgehenden Öffnung erstrecken.One to the in Fig. 1 The exemplary embodiment shown, an alternative embodiment of the invention provides that the guide rails are each arranged on the short sides of the through opening and / or that the guide rails each extend along the short sides of the through opening.

Die Ausrichtung der ersten Nut N1 in der Führungsschiene RN1 entspricht der Fokussierungsrichtung des Lamellenblechs L, welche in die erste Nut N1 eingeführt ist. Die Breite und Höhe der ersten Nut N1 ist einheitlich entsprechend der Abmessungen und Toleranzen des Lamellenblechs L. Entsprechendes gilt für die zweite Nut N2 in der zweiten Führungsschiene RN2.The alignment of the first groove N1 in the guide rail RN1 corresponds to the focusing direction of the lamellar plate L, which is inserted into the first groove N1. The width and height of the first groove N1 are uniform according to the dimensions and tolerances of the lamellar plate L. The same applies to the second groove N2 in the second guide rail RN2.

Das in der Fig. 2 und der Fig. 3 gezeigte Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Formfilters F weist das Fokussierungsmodul M und eine Mehrzahl von Lamellenblechen L, welche jeweils in ein Nut-Paar der Anordnung von Nut-Paaren NP aufgenommen und in die durchgehende Öffnung H eingeführt sind, auf.
In einem Bereich der ersten Nut N1 ist ein erstes Anschlagmittel B1 ausgebildet, wobei das Lamellenblech L entlang der ersten Nut N1 bis zu einem Formschluss des Lamellenblechs L mit dem ersten Anschlagmittel B1 einführbar ist, wobei der Formschluss des Lamellenblechs L mit dem ersten Anschlagmittel B1 einem weiteren Einführen des Lamellenblechs L entlang der ersten Nut N1 entgegenwirkt. In dem in Fig. 3 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist das erste Anschlagmittel B1 durch das geschlossene Ende der ersten Nut N1 gebildet, welche sich nicht über die gesamte Ausdehnung des Lamellenblechs L in Richtung der ersten Nut N1 erstreckt.That in the Fig. 2 and the Fig. 3 The illustrated embodiment of a shaped filter F according to the invention has the focusing module M and a plurality of lamellar plates L, which are each received in a groove pair of the arrangement of groove pairs NP and inserted into the through opening H.
A first stop means B1 is formed in an area of the first groove N1, the lamellar plate L being insertable along the first groove N1 up to a form fit of the lamellar plate L with the first stop means B1, the form fit of the lamella plate L to the first stop means B1 counteracts further insertion of the lamellar plate L along the first groove N1. In the in Fig. 3 The embodiment shown, the first stop means B1 is formed by the closed end of the first groove N1, which does not extend over the entire extent of the lamellar plate L in the direction of the first groove N1.

Insbesondere ist die erste Nut N1 lediglich von der vorderen Stirnseite der Führungsschiene RN1 offen, sodass Lamellenbleche L aus dieser Richtung eingesetzt werden können aber auf der Rückseite nicht herausrutschen können. Die Strukturierung der ersten Führungsschiene RN1, durch welche die erste Nut N1 ausgebildet ist, erstreckt sich also nicht über die gesamte Ausdehnung der ersten Führungsschiene RN1 in Richtung der ersten Nut N1. Entsprechendes gilt für die zweite Nut N2.In particular, the first groove N1 is only open from the front face of the guide rail RN1, so that lamellar plates L can be inserted from this direction but cannot slip out on the rear side. The structuring of the first guide rail RN1, through which the first groove N1 is formed, therefore does not extend over the entire extent of the first guide rail RN1 in the direction of the first groove N1. The same applies to the second groove N2.

Die Länge der Lamellenbleche L entspricht dem Abstand der ersten Führungsschiene RN1 von der zweiten Führungsschiene RN2 abzüglich einer passenden Toleranz. Der Abstand YL zwischen benachbarten Lamellenblechen L kann insbesondere derart gewählt werden, dass die Rasterung des von den Lamellenblechen L gebildeten Lamellenarrays nicht durch die Rasterung des Detektors 28 abgebildet werden kann. Das kann insbesondere mit einer Rasterung des von den Lamellenblechen L gebildeten Lamellenarrays realisiert werden, die feiner ist als die Auflösung des Detektors 28.The length of the lamellar plates L corresponds to the distance between the first guide rail RN1 and the second guide rail RN2 minus a suitable tolerance. The distance YL between adjacent lamellar plates L can in particular be selected in such a way that the grid of the lamellar array formed by the lamellar plates L cannot be mapped by the grid of the detector 28. This can be implemented in particular with a rastering of the lamella array formed by the lamella plates L, which is finer than the resolution of the detector 28.

Der Abstand YL benachbarter Lamellenbleche voneinander kann beispielsweise zwischen ca. 0,2 und ca. 0,5 Millimetern betragen. In dem in Fig. 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist für den Abstand YL beispielhaft der Abstand zwischen den Schwerpunkten benachbarter Lamellenbleche eingezeichnet. Die Breite YN der ersten Nut N1 und/oder der zweiten Nut N2 kann beispielsweise zwischen ca. 0,04 und ca. 0,08 Millimetern betragen. Die Tiefe ZN der ersten Nut N1 und/oder der zweiten Nut N2 kann beispielsweise ca. 0,5 Millimeter betragen.The distance YL between adjacent lamellar plates from one another can be between approximately 0.2 and approximately 0.5 millimeters, for example. In the in Fig. 1 The illustrated embodiment example shows the distance between the centers of gravity of adjacent lamellar plates for the distance YL. The width YN of the first groove N1 and / or of the second groove N2 can be between approximately 0.04 and approximately 0.08 millimeters, for example. The depth ZN of the first groove N1 and / or the second groove N2 can be approximately 0.5 millimeters, for example.

Die Länge XR der ersten Nut N1 und/oder der zweiten Nut N2 kann beispielsweise ca. 3 Millimeter betragen. Die Ausdehnung des Rahmens R in Richtung der ersten Nut N1 und/oder in Richtung der zweiten Nut N2 kann insbesondere etwas größer sein als die Länge XR. Die Ausdehnung YR des Rahmens R in einer Richtung, entlang welcher die Nut-Paare NP nacheinander in einer Reihe angeordnet sind, kann beispielsweise ca. 140 Millimeter betragen. Der Abstand ZR von der ersten Nut N1 bis zu der zweiten Nut N2 kann beispielsweise ca. 40 Millimeter betragen.
Dabei können die Toleranzen, insbesondere für die Breite YN und Tiefe ZN, beispielsweise ca. 10 Mikrometer betragen. Der Abstand von dem Fokuspunkt T bis zu der ersten Nut N1 und/oder bis zu der zweiten Nut N2 kann beispielsweise ca. 220 Millimeter betragen.The length XR of the first groove N1 and / or the second groove N2 can be approximately 3 millimeters, for example. The extension of the frame R in the direction of the first groove N1 and / or in the direction of the second groove N2 can in particular be somewhat greater than the length XR. The extension YR of the frame R in a direction along which the groove pairs NP are arranged one after the other in a row can be, for example, approximately 140 millimeters. The distance ZR from the first groove N1 to the second groove N2 can be approximately 40 millimeters, for example.
The tolerances, in particular for the width YN and depth ZN, can be, for example, approximately 10 micrometers. The distance from the focal point T to the first groove N1 and / or to the second groove N2 can be approximately 220 millimeters, for example.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen medizinischen Bildgebungsvorrichtung mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Bestrahlungsanordnung. Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of an embodiment of a medical imaging device according to the invention with a radiation arrangement according to the invention.

Ohne Beschränkung des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens ist für die medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung 1 beispielhaft ein Computertomographiegerät gezeigt. Die medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung 1 weist die Gantry 20, die tunnelförmige Öffnung 9, die Patientenlagerungsvorrichtung 10 und die Steuerungsvorrichtung 30 auf.Without restricting the general inventive concept, a computed tomography device is shown as an example for the medical imaging device 1. The medical imaging device 1 has the gantry 20, the tunnel-shaped opening 9, the patient support device 10 and the control device 30.

Die Gantry 20 weist den stationären Tragrahmen 21 und den Rotor 24 auf. Der Rotor 24 ist mittels einer Drehlagerungsvorrichtung an dem Tragrahmen 21 um eine Rotationsachse AR relativ zu dem Tragrahmen 21 drehbar angeordnet.The gantry 20 has the stationary support frame 21 and the rotor 24. The rotor 24 is arranged on the support frame 21 so as to be rotatable about an axis of rotation AR relative to the support frame 21 by means of a rotary bearing device.

In die tunnelförmige Öffnung 9 ist der Patient 13 einführbar. In der tunnelförmigen Öffnung 9 befindet sich der Akquisitionsbereich 4. In dem Akquisitionsbereich 4 ist ein abzubildender Bereich des Patienten 13 derart positionierbar, dass die Strahlung 27 von der Strahlungsquelle 26 zu dem abzubildenden Bereich gelangen kann und nach einer Wechselwirkung mit dem abzubildenden Bereich zu dem Strahlungsdetektor 28 gelangen kann.The patient 13 can be introduced into the tunnel-shaped opening 9. The acquisition area 4 is located in the tunnel-shaped opening 9. In the acquisition area 4, an area of the patient 13 to be imaged can be positioned in such a way that the radiation 27 from the radiation source 26 can reach the area to be imaged and, after interacting with the area to be imaged, to the radiation detector 28 can reach.

Die Patientenlagerungsvorrichtung 10 weist den Lagerungssockel 11 und die Lagerungsplatte 12 zur Lagerung des Patienten 13 auf. Die Lagerungsplatte 12 ist derart relativ zu dem Lagerungssockel 11 bewegbar an dem Lagerungssockel 11 angeordnet, dass die Lagerungsplatte 12 in einer Längsrichtung der Lagerungsplatte 12, insbesondere entlang der Rotationsachse AR, in den Akquisitionsbereich 4 einführbar ist.
Die medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung 1 ist zur Akquisition von Akquisitionsdaten basierend auf einer elektromagnetischen Strahlung 27 ausgebildet. Die medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung 1 weist eine Akquisitionseinheit auf. Die Akquisitionseinheit ist eine Projektionsdaten-Akquisitionseinheit mit der Strahlungsquelle 26, z. B. einer Röntgenquelle, und dem Detektor 28, z. B. einem Röntgendetektor, insbesondere einem energieauflösenden Röntgendetektor.The patient support device 10 has the support base 11 and the support plate 12 for positioning the patient 13. The mounting plate 12 is arranged on the mounting base 11 so as to be movable relative to the mounting base 11 that the mounting plate 12 can be inserted into the acquisition area 4 in a longitudinal direction of the mounting plate 12, in particular along the axis of rotation AR.
The medical imaging device 1 is designed to acquire acquisition data based on electromagnetic radiation 27. The medical imaging device 1 has an acquisition unit. The acquisition unit is a projection data acquisition unit with the radiation source 26, e.g. B. an X-ray source, and the detector 28, z. B. an X-ray detector, in particular an energy-resolving X-ray detector.

Die Strahlungsquelle 26 ist an dem Rotor 24 angeordnet und zur Emission einer Strahlung 27, z. B. einer Röntgenstrahlung, mit Strahlungsquanten 27 ausgebildet. Der Detektor 28 ist an dem Rotor 24 angeordnet und zur Detektion der Strahlungsquanten 27 ausgebildet. Die Strahlungsquanten 27 können von der Strahlungsquelle 26 zu dem abzubildenden Bereich des Patienten 13 gelangen und nach einer Wechselwirkung mit dem abzubildenden Bereich auf den Detektor 28 auftreffen. Auf diese Weise können mittels der Akquisitionseinheit Akquisitionsdaten des abzubildenden Bereichs in Form von Projektionsdaten erfasst werden.The radiation source 26 is arranged on the rotor 24 and is used to emit radiation 27, e.g. B. X-rays, with radiation quanta 27 formed. The detector 28 is arranged on the rotor 24 and is designed to detect the radiation quanta 27. The radiation quanta 27 can pass from the radiation source 26 to the area of the patient 13 to be imaged and, after interacting with the area to be imaged, impinge on the detector 28. In this way, acquisition data of the area to be imaged can be recorded in the form of projection data by means of the acquisition unit.

Die Steuerungsvorrichtung 30 ist zum Empfangen der von der Akquisitionseinheit akquirierten Akquisitionsdaten ausgebildet. Die Steuerungsvorrichtung 30 ist zum Steuern der medizinischen Bildgebungsvorrichtung 1 ausgebildet. Die Steuerungsvorrichtung 30 weist die Datenverarbeitungseinheit 35, das computerlesbare Medium 32 und das Prozessorsystem 36 auf. Die Steuerungsvorrichtung 30, insbesondere die Datenverarbeitungseinheit 35, wird von einem Datenverarbeitungssystem, welches einen Computer mit einem Prozessorsystem aufweist, gebildet. Die Datenverarbeitungseinheit 35 ist insbesondere zum Steuern der Positioniereinheit PF ausgebildet und mittels der Positionierungsschnittstelle PFI mit der Positioniereinheit PF verbunden.The control device 30 is designed to receive the acquisition data acquired by the acquisition unit. The control device 30 is designed to control the medical imaging device 1. The control device 30 has the data processing unit 35, the computer-readable medium 32 and the processor system 36. The control device 30, in particular the data processing unit 35, is formed by a data processing system which has a computer with a processor system. The data processing unit 35 is designed in particular to control the positioning unit PF and is connected to the positioning unit PF by means of the positioning interface PFI.

Die Steuerungsvorrichtung 30 weist die Bildrekonstruktionseinrichtung 34 auf. Mittels der Bildrekonstruktionseinrichtung 34 kann basierend auf den Akquisitionsdaten ein medizinischer Bilddatensatz rekonstruiert werden.The control device 30 has the image reconstruction device 34. Using the image reconstruction device 34, a medical image data set can be reconstructed based on the acquisition data.

Die medizinische Bildgebungsvorrichtung 1 weist eine Eingabevorrichtung 38 und eine Ausgabevorrichtung 39 auf, welche jeweils mit der Steuerungsvorrichtung 30 verbunden sind. Die Eingabevorrichtung 38 ist zum Eingeben von Steuerungs-Informationen, z. B. Bildrekonstruktionsparametern, Untersuchungsparametern oder ähnliches, ausgebildet. Die Ausgabevorrichtung 39 ist insbesondere zum Ausgeben von Steuerungs-Informationen, Bildern und/oder akustischen Signalen ausgebildet.The medical imaging device 1 has an input device 38 and an output device 39, which are each connected to the control device 30. The input device 38 is for inputting control information, e.g. B. image reconstruction parameters, examination parameters or the like formed. The output device 39 is in particular for outputting control information, Images and / or acoustic signals formed.

Die Teile des Rahmens R, welche die Lamellenbleche L in ihrer jeweiligen Position halten und die Ausrichtung der Lamellenbleche L vorgeben, sind derart außerhalb des Strahlengangs angeordnet, dass der Röntgenstrahl 27 durch diese Teile des Rahmens R nicht gestört wird. Insbesondere die Querbalken RL1, RL2 können daher massiv und mechanisch stabil ausgebildet werden, ohne dass dadurch Nachteile in Bezug auf den Röntgenstrahl 27 entstehen. Die Seitenteile RS1, RS2 geben den Abstand der Querbalken RL1, RL2 vor, sodass diese nicht in den Röntgenstrahl 27 hineinragen. Außer den Lamellenblechen L und Luft befindet sich somit kein weiteres Material im Strahlengang, das den Röntgenstrahl 27 beispielsweise durch Streuung oder Absorption beeinflussen könnte.The parts of the frame R, which hold the lamellar plates L in their respective position and specify the alignment of the lamellar plates L, are arranged outside the beam path in such a way that the X-ray beam 27 is not disturbed by these parts of the frame R. In particular, the crossbeams RL1, RL2 can therefore be made solid and mechanically stable, without disadvantages with regard to the X-ray beam 27 arising as a result. The side parts RS1, RS2 define the distance between the crossbars RL1, RL2 so that they do not protrude into the X-ray beam 27. Apart from the lamellar plates L and air, there is therefore no further material in the beam path that could influence the X-ray beam 27, for example through scattering or absorption.

Ferner können an dem Rahmen R, insbesondere in den Querbalken RL1, RL2, Bohrungen RCS, RCM, beispielsweise mit Gewinden, vorgesehen sein. Beispielsweise können mittels der Bohrungen RCS die verschiedenen Teile des Rahmens R, insbesondere die Querbalken RL1, RL2 und die Seitenteile RS1, RS2, miteinander verbunden werden. Beispielsweise kann mittels der Bohrungen RCM der Rahmen R mit einem Aktor PFA der Positioniereinheit PF verbunden werden.Furthermore, holes RCS, RCM, for example with threads, can be provided on the frame R, in particular in the crossbeams RL1, RL2. For example, the different parts of the frame R, in particular the crossbars RL1, RL2 and the side parts RS1, RS2, can be connected to one another by means of the bores RCS. For example, the frame R can be connected to an actuator PFA of the positioning unit PF by means of the bores RCM.

Der Rahmen R kann derart mechanisch stabil ausgebildet werden, dass der Rahmen R relativ hohe Kräfte und Drehmomente aufnehmen kann, ohne beschädigt oder signifikant verformt zu werden. Insbesondere können damit Drehungen des Rahmens R relativ zu der Röntgenquelle 26 durchgeführt werden, ohne die sensiblen und präzisen Führungsschienen RN1, RN2 zu beschädigen. Die Lamellenbleche L sind in dem stabilen Rahmen R fixiert und geschützt. Starke Beschleunigungskräfte durch eine Rotation des Rotors 24 werden von dem Rahmen R aufgenommen und abgeleitet. Damit kann insbesondere verhindert werden, dass durch die Beschleunigungskräfte, welche auf Grund der Rotation des Rotors 24 auftreten, die relative Lage und Position der Lamellenbleche L zueinander verändert wird.The frame R can be made mechanically stable in such a way that the frame R can absorb relatively high forces and torques without being damaged or significantly deformed. In particular, rotations of the frame R relative to the X-ray source 26 can thus be carried out without damaging the sensitive and precise guide rails RN1, RN2. The lamellar plates L are fixed and protected in the stable frame R. Strong acceleration forces due to a rotation of the rotor 24 are absorbed by the frame R and diverted. This can in particular prevent the acceleration forces which are due to the Rotation of the rotor 24 occur, the relative position and position of the lamellar plates L to one another is changed.

Die Lamellenbleche L in dem Formfilter F sind so ausgerichtet und fixiert, dass jedes Lamellenblech L auf den Fokuspunkt T und/oder die Fokuslinie TL exakt ausgerichtet ist. Die Lamellenbleche L sind in dem Strahlengang des fächerförmigen Röntgenstrahls 27 positioniert.The lamellar plates L in the shaped filter F are aligned and fixed in such a way that each lamellar plate L is exactly aligned with the focal point T and / or the focal line TL. The lamellar plates L are positioned in the beam path of the fan-shaped X-ray beam 27.

In dem Betriebszustand der medizinischen Bildgebungsvorrichtung, der in der Fig. 4 gezeigt ist, ist der Formfilter F in einer ersten Position relativ zu der Röntgenquelle 26 positioniert, in welcher der Fokuspunkt T einem Anfangspunkt des Röntgenstrahls 27 entspricht. In der ersten Position haben die Lamellenbleche L einen minimalen Einfluss auf den Röntgenstrahl 27 und damit auf das am Detektor 28 detektierte Signal. Die Fläche der Lamellenbleche L, an welcher der Röntgenstrahl 27 absorbiert werden kann, ist in der ersten Position minimal. Unter der Annahme, dass der Röntgenstrahl 27 von dem Anfangspunkt ausgeht, werden in der ersten Position im Wesentlichen lediglich diejenigen linienförmigen Teilstrahlen des fächerförmigen Röntgenstrahls 27 abgeschwächt, welche in den Ebenen E der Lamellenbleche L verlaufen.In the operating state of the medical imaging device, which is shown in the Fig. 4 As shown, the shape filter F is positioned in a first position relative to the X-ray source 26, in which the focal point T corresponds to a starting point of the X-ray beam 27. In the first position, the lamellar plates L have a minimal influence on the X-ray beam 27 and thus on the signal detected at the detector 28. The area of the lamellar plates L on which the X-ray beam 27 can be absorbed is minimal in the first position. Assuming that the X-ray beam 27 emanates from the starting point, essentially only those line-shaped partial beams of the fan-shaped X-ray beam 27 which run in the planes E of the lamellar plates L are attenuated in the first position.

Mittels der Positioniereinheit PF kann der Formfilter F relativ zu der Röntgenquelle 26 positioniert werden. Insbesondere kann der Formfilter F mittels der Positioniereinheit PF um eine Achse, die zu der Rotationsachse AR im Wesentlichen parallel ist und beispielsweise durch den Formfilter 26 verläuft, gedreht werden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu kann der Formfilter F mittels der Positioniereinheit PF um eine Achse, die sowohl zu der Rotationsachse AR als auch zu einem auf den Detektor 28 auftreffenden linienförmigen Teilstrahl des Röntgenstrahls 27 senkrecht ist und beispielsweise durch den Formfilter 26 verläuft, gedreht werden.The shaped filter F can be positioned relative to the X-ray source 26 by means of the positioning unit PF. In particular, the shaped filter F can be rotated by means of the positioning unit PF about an axis which is essentially parallel to the axis of rotation AR and runs through the shaped filter 26, for example. Alternatively or in addition to this, the shaped filter F can be rotated by means of the positioning unit PF about an axis which is perpendicular both to the axis of rotation AR and to a linear partial beam of the X-ray beam 27 impinging on the detector 28 and runs through the shaped filter 26, for example.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich dazu kann der Formfilter F relativ zu der Röntgenquelle 26 verschoben werden. Beispielsweise kann der Formfilter F entlang eines auf den Detektor 28 auftreffenden linienförmigen Teilstrahls des Röntgenstrahls 27 und/oder senkrecht zu diesem Teilstrahl verschoben werden, insbesondere im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu der Rotationsachse AR verschoben werden.As an alternative or in addition to this, the shaped filter F can be shifted relative to the X-ray source 26. For example the shaped filter F can be displaced along a linear partial beam of the x-ray beam 27 impinging on the detector 28 and / or perpendicular to this partial beam, in particular displaced substantially perpendicular to the axis of rotation AR.

Durch eine Entfernung des Fokuspunkts T von dem Anfangspunkt des Röntgenstrahls 27 kann der Anteil derjenigen linienförmigen Teilstrahlen des fächerförmigen Röntgenstrahls 27, welche auf die Lamellenbleche L treffen und damit absorbiert werden, erhöht werden.By removing the focal point T from the starting point of the X-ray beam 27, the proportion of those line-shaped partial beams of the fan-shaped X-ray beam 27 which strike the lamellar plates L and are thus absorbed can be increased.

Auf diese Weise kann eine räumliche Intensitätsverteilung des Röntgenstrahls 27 eingestellt werden. Eine Lage- und/oder Positionsveränderung der Lamellenbleche L relativ zu dem Rahmen R würde insbesondere das am Detektor 28 detektierte Signal und die Reproduzierbarkeit von Untersuchungen beeinflussen. Die Erfindung ermöglicht insbesondere ein präzises und dauerhaftes Anordnen von Lamellenblechen L in der jeweiligen Ebene E.In this way, a spatial intensity distribution of the X-ray beam 27 can be set. A change in position and / or position of the lamellar plates L relative to the frame R would in particular affect the signal detected at the detector 28 and the reproducibility of examinations. The invention enables in particular a precise and permanent arrangement of lamellar plates L in the respective plane E.

Die Positioniereinheit PF kann beispielsweise eine kardanische Aufhängung aufweisen. Insbesondere kann der Formfilter F mittels der kardanischen Aufhängung mit dem Rotor 24 verbunden werden und/oder relativ zu der Röntgenquelle 26 positioniert werden.The positioning unit PF can have a cardanic suspension, for example. In particular, the shaped filter F can be connected to the rotor 24 by means of the cardanic suspension and / or positioned relative to the X-ray source 26.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine schematische Ansicht eines Beispiels für ein Streustrahlenraster M-5, welches insbesondere für 2D-Röntgenaufnahmen verwendet werden kann. Das Streustrahlenraster M-5 ist abwechselnd aus Papierstreifen S-5 und Blei-Lamellen L-5 aufgebaut. Die Abdeckung C-5 der Papier-Blei-Anordnung kann aus Materialien wie beispielsweise kohlenstofffaserverstärktem Kohlenstoff (CFC) und/oder Aluminium hergestellt werden. Die Papierstreifen S-5 dienen als Platzhalter zwischen den Blei-Lamellen L-5 und können zusätzliche Absorption und Streuung eines Röntgenstrahls 27 verursachen. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung kann insbesondere eine zusätzliche Absorption und Streuung des Röntgenstrahls 27 vermieden werden, da keine Platzhalter zwischen den Lamellenblechen L im Strahlengang des Röntgenstrahls 27 erforderlich sind. Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of an example of an anti-scatter grid M-5, which can be used in particular for 2D x-ray recordings. The anti-scatter grid M-5 is made up of alternating strips of paper S-5 and lead lamellae L-5. The paper-lead assembly cover C-5 can be made from materials such as carbon fiber reinforced carbon (CFC) and / or aluminum. The paper strips S-5 serve as placeholders between the lead lamellas L-5 and can cause additional absorption and scattering of an X-ray beam 27. In the case of the solution according to the invention, in particular an additional Absorption and scattering of the X-ray beam 27 can be avoided since no placeholders are required between the lamellar plates L in the beam path of the X-ray beam 27.

Claims (10)

  1. Focussing module (M) for a form filter (F) for adjusting a spatial intensity distribution of an x-ray beam (27), having
    - a frame (R) with a continuous opening (H),
    - an arrangement of groove pairs (NP), which are arranged on the frame (R),
    - a first guide rail (RN1) and a second guide rail (RN2), wherein a focal point (T), faced by the continuous opening (H), can be defined in relation to the arrangement of groove pairs (NP),
    - wherein the groove pairs (NP) are arranged adjacent to one another along the continuous opening (H) so that they are located in different planes (E) which have the focal point (T) in each case,
    - wherein the groove pairs (NP) each have a first groove (N1) and a second groove (N2) opposing the first groove (N1) in respect of the continuous opening (H), wherein the first groove (N1) and the second groove (N2) are embodied so that a fin plate (L) on two mutually opposing edges of the fin plate (L) can be received in the first groove (N1) and the second groove (N2) and can be introduced into the continuous opening (H) along the first groove (N1) and the second groove (N2),
    - wherein the respective first grooves (N1) of the groove pairs (NP) are embodied in the first guide rail (RN1),
    - wherein the respective second grooves (N2) of the groove pairs (NP) are embodied in the second guide rail (RN2), characterised in that
    the first guide rail (RN1) and/or the second guide rail (RN2) are produced from a crystalline semiconductor material.
  2. Focussing module (M) according to claim 1,
    - wherein the continuous opening (H) is essentially rectangular and has two long sides (HL1, HL2) and two short sides (HS1, HS2).
  3. Focussing module (M) according to claim 2,
    - wherein the frame (R) has a first transverse bar (RL1) which forms a first long side (HL1) of the continuous opening (H),
    - wherein the frame (R) has a second transverse bar (RL2), which forms a second long side (HL2) of the continuous opening (H),
    - wherein the frame (R) has a first side part (RS1), which forms a first short side (HS1) of the continuous opening (H),
    - wherein the frame (R) has a second side part (RS2), which forms a second short side (HS2) of the continuous opening (H).
  4. Focussing module (M) according to claim 3,
    - wherein the first transverse bar (RL1) is connected to the second transverse bar (RL2) by means of the first side part (RS1) and the second side part (RS2) and/or is arranged at a predetermined distance (DZ) in relation to the second transverse bar (RL2).
  5. Focussing module (M) according to one of claims 1 to 4,
    - wherein a first stop means (B1) is embodied in a region of the first groove (N1), wherein the fin plate (L) can be introduced along the first groove (N1) as far as a form-fit of the fin plate (L) with the first stop means (B1), wherein the form-fit of the fin plate (L) with the first stop means (B1) counteracts a further introduction of the fin plate (L) along the first groove (N1), and/or
    - wherein a second stop means (B2) is embodied in a region of the second groove (N2), wherein the fin plane (L) can be introduced along the second groove (N2) as far as a form-fit of the fin plate (L) with the second stop means (B2), wherein the form-fit of the fin plate (L) with the second stop means (B2) counteracts a further introduction of the fin plate (L) along the second groove (N2).
  6. Focussing module (M) according to one of claims 1 to 5,
    - wherein the groove pairs (NP) are embodied on the basis of erosive manufacturing process.
  7. Form filter (F) for adjusting a spatial intensity distribution of an x-ray beam (27), having
    - a focussing module (M) according to one of claims 1 to 6,
    - a plurality of fin plates (L), each of which is received in a groove pair of the arrangement of groove pairs (NP) and is introduced into the continuous opening (H).
  8. Irradiation arrangement (3), having
    - a form filter (F) according to claim 7,
    - an x-ray source (26) for producing the x-ray beam (27),
    - a positioning unit (PF) for positioning the form filter (F) in relation to the x-ray source (26),
    - wherein the form filter (F) can be positioned in a first position in relation to the x-ray source (27) by means of the positioning unit (PF), in which position the focal point (T) corresponds to a starting point of the x-ray beam (27).
  9. Medical imaging apparatus (1), having an irradiation arrangement (3) according to claim 8.
  10. Medical imaging apparatus (1) according to claim 9, wherein the medical imaging apparatus (1) is a computed tomography device.
EP17173761.2A 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 Focussing module for a form filter and form filter for adjusting a spatial intensity distribution of a x-ray beam Active EP3217408B1 (en)

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DE102018214311A1 (en) 2018-02-26 2019-08-29 Siemens Healthcare Gmbh Device for changing a spatial intensity distribution of an X-ray beam
EP3598949A1 (en) 2018-07-27 2020-01-29 Siemens Healthcare GmbH Computed tomography apparatus comprising lamellae form filter and spring focus x-ray source

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JPS58114800U (en) * 1982-01-29 1983-08-05 株式会社島津製作所 collimator
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DE102005018811B4 (en) 2005-04-22 2008-02-21 Siemens Ag Aperture device for an X-ray device provided for scanning an object and method for a diaphragm device
JP4874755B2 (en) * 2006-09-29 2012-02-15 富士フイルム株式会社 Radiation imaging equipment
DE102008049708B4 (en) 2008-09-30 2011-03-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Aperture and diaphragm device for the targeted influence of X-radiation
JP5383266B2 (en) * 2009-03-19 2014-01-08 ジーイー・メディカル・システムズ・グローバル・テクノロジー・カンパニー・エルエルシー Collimator unit, radiation detection apparatus, and radiation diagnostic apparatus
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DE102011004742B4 (en) 2011-02-25 2015-02-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Filter for an X-ray device and X-ray device
US10082473B2 (en) * 2015-07-07 2018-09-25 General Electric Company X-ray filtration

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