EP3215721B1 - Camshaft with axially displacable sleeve - Google Patents

Camshaft with axially displacable sleeve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3215721B1
EP3215721B1 EP15744947.1A EP15744947A EP3215721B1 EP 3215721 B1 EP3215721 B1 EP 3215721B1 EP 15744947 A EP15744947 A EP 15744947A EP 3215721 B1 EP3215721 B1 EP 3215721B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sliding element
camshaft
guiding
main shaft
sleeves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15744947.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3215721A1 (en
Inventor
Jürgen MEUSEL
Michael Kunz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thyssenkrupp Dynamic Components Teccenter AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp Presta TecCenter AG
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Publication of EP3215721A1 publication Critical patent/EP3215721A1/en
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0471Assembled camshafts
    • F01L2001/0473Composite camshafts, e.g. with cams or cam sleeve being able to move relative to the inner camshaft or a cam adjusting rod
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0475Hollow camshafts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02Valve drive
    • F01L1/04Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047Camshafts
    • F01L2001/0476Camshaft bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L2013/0052Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction with cams provided on an axially slidable sleeve

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a camshaft according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a camshaft with a basic shaft is known, and a sliding element is axially displaceably received on the basic shaft along the shaft axis of the camshaft.
  • the basic shaft has an external longitudinal toothing, and the external longitudinal toothing engages in an internal toothing which is introduced in a passage in the sliding element.
  • the sliding element on the basic shaft is axially displaceable in the shaft axis direction, but the sliding element on the basic shaft cannot be rotated, so that torques can be transmitted from the basic shaft to the sliding element.
  • a camshaft with a basic shaft has become known, on which at least one sliding element is axially displaceably received along a shaft axis, the basic shaft having an external longitudinal toothing which engages in an internal toothing introduced in a passage in the sliding element, so that the sliding element is arranged on the basic shaft in a rotationally fixed manner , and wherein the sliding element has on its axial end sides guide sections through which the sliding element is guided to minimize a decaching of the sliding element on the basic shaft, wherein guide sleeves are received on the basic shaft, against which the guide sections of the sliding element are supported.
  • camshaft DE 10 2011 001 711 A1 it is also provided that the centering of the sliding cam on the camshaft is provided by means of bearing sleeves axially immovably fastened on the camshaft.
  • the object of the invention is the development of a camshaft with a minimized decaching of an axially displaceable sliding element on a basic shaft, wherein the sliding element is to be guided radially against the basic shaft via guide sections.
  • the invention includes the technical teaching that guide sleeves are received on the basic shaft, against which the guide sections of the sliding element are supported.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of being able to carry out the geometrical configuration of the external longitudinal toothing on the basic shaft and the internal toothing in the passage of the sliding element in a manner known per se, but the guide sleeves according to the invention can enable the sliding element to be guided without the guide sections being one must have a smaller diameter than the largest diameter of the external longitudinal toothing.
  • the sliding element can thus be guided against a cylindrical outer peripheral surface via the guide sections.
  • the camshaft is assembled in a simple manner since first the sliding element can be applied to the basic shaft, and only then can the guide sleeves or at least one final guide sleeve be applied laterally to the sliding element on the basic shaft.
  • the guide sleeves can have an inner diameter, for example, which corresponds to the tip circle diameter of the external longitudinal toothing.
  • the guide sleeves can be attached to the tooth heads of the external longitudinal toothing.
  • the guide sleeves can have internal teeth, and the internal teeth in the guide sleeves can be designed so that they can rest on the external longitudinal teeth of the basic shaft, so that teeth of the internal teeth sit in the spaces between the teeth of the teeth of the external longitudinal teeth.
  • the dimensions of the internal toothing of the guide sleeves can be designed so that the guide sleeves can be firmly attached to the external longitudinal toothing.
  • the guide sleeves can be shrunk or pressed onto the basic shaft with particular advantage.
  • the guide sleeves can be heated and / or the basic shaft can be cooled, so that the guide sleeves can be applied to the basic shaft in the manner of a transverse press fit. It is also conceivable that the guide sleeves are pressed onto the basic shaft in the direction of the shaft axis in order to create a longitudinal press fit.
  • Two guide sleeves can be provided for guiding a sliding element, and the guide sleeves can be arranged laterally, viewed in the direction of the shaft axis, at the region of the engagement of the outer longitudinal toothing in the inner toothing on the basic shaft.
  • the guide sleeves can be at a distance from one another, which allows the sliding element to be moved axially on the basic shaft in order to bring various cam tracks into operative connection with a tap element for valve actuation.
  • the guide sections of the sliding element with the guide sleeves can be designed with such an axial overlap that an axial displacement of the sliding element is possible while maintaining the guidance of the guide sections on the guide sleeves.
  • the external longitudinal toothing has cylindrical receiving sections, so that the fundamental shaft alternately has cylindrical sections with the external longitudinal teeth.
  • the internal toothing of the guide sleeves rests on the cylindrical receiving section with tooth heads formed thereon.
  • the internal toothing in the guide sleeves remains necessary, since otherwise the guide sleeves could not be guided on the basic shaft via the adjacent external longitudinal toothing.
  • the cylindrical receiving section on the basic shaft can have a diameter that is, for example, slightly larger than the diameter of the root diameter of the external longitudinal toothing.
  • the basic shaft and thus the camshaft can be arranged in bearing bridges for rotatable mounting.
  • the bearing bridges can be part of the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine or part of a hood module in which one or more camshafts are accommodated.
  • the guide sleeves can have a length section that forms an inner bearing ring for storage in the bearing bridge. According to the invention, the guide sleeves can thus not only be used for the radial guidance of the axial movement of the sliding elements, and the guide sleeves can also form bearing rings which, together with the bearing bridges, form slide bearing arrangements for mounting the camshaft.
  • the guide sleeves can have a cylindrical outer peripheral surface against which the guide sections of the sliding element and at the same time the bearing bridge are supported or received.
  • the external longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft can have interruption sections under the longitudinal sections of the guide sleeves which form the slide bearing arrangement with the bearing bridges. The interruption sections consequently do not produce a press fit of the internal toothing of the guide sleeves with the external longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft, so that the concentricity of the outer peripheral surface is not impaired by the pressing of the internal toothing with the external longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft. Otherwise, the multiple support of the guide sleeves below the slide bearing arrangement with the bearing bridges over the Tooth tips of the internal toothing press a polygon structure into the guide sleeve, which has a negative impact on the concentricity.
  • Sliding elements can be designed with a support tube on which a plurality of functional elements are applied.
  • the functional elements can, for example, form cam elements or an adjusting element, and the adjusting element serves for the axial adjustment of the sliding element on the basic shaft, and can cooperate with an adjusting manipulator which is arranged at rest in the installation environment of the camshaft.
  • the carrier tube can be made so long that the functional elements protrude laterally beyond the carrier tube, and the guide sections can be formed on the inside on at least one functional element.
  • the functional elements, in particular the cam elements can be applied to the outside of the carrier tube by means of a cylinder press fit and project laterally beyond the carrier tube. The protruding part of the functional element releases an inner cylindrical section, which forms the guide section and, together with the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve, forms the radial guide thereof.
  • a camshaft 1 according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in sections.
  • the camshaft 1 has a basic shaft 10 which extends along a shaft axis 12.
  • a sliding element 11 is received, which is axially displaceable along the shaft axis 12.
  • the camshaft 1 basically has a plurality of sliding elements 11, each of which can preferably be accommodated on the basic shaft 10 in the same way.
  • bearing bridges 19 are provided, and the camshaft 1 is rotatably received, for example, in two bearing bridges 19 about the shaft axis 12 with reference to the length section shown.
  • the basic shaft 10 has an external longitudinal toothing 13, the external longitudinal toothing 13 being shown interrupted several times along the shaft axis 12.
  • the sliding element 11 has a carrier tube 21, and an internal toothing 14 is formed in the inner passage of the carrier tube 21.
  • the internal toothing 14 engages in the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, so that the sliding element 11 is received on the basic shaft 10 so that it cannot rotate and can be displaced along the shaft axis 12.
  • the tolerance or dimensioning of the external longitudinal toothing 13 in relation to the internal toothing 14 is provided in such a way that only the torque transmission is ensured; radial guidance with a minimal decaching of the sliding element 11 on the basic shaft 10 takes place via the toothing between the external longitudinal toothing 13 and the internal toothing 14 Not.
  • guide sections 15 are formed thereon, and the guide sections 15 run against guide sleeves 16 which are received on the basic shaft 10.
  • the guide sleeves 16 thus support the sliding element 11 via the guide sections 15.
  • the guide sections 15 are formed on functional elements 22 which are received on the carrier tube 21.
  • the exemplary embodiment shows a sliding element 11 with two functional elements 22, which are designed as cam elements 23 with different cam raceways. Between the two cam elements 23 shown there is an adjusting member 24, by means of which the sliding element 11 can be displaced on the fundamental shaft 10 in the shaft axis direction with a manipulator (not shown).
  • the sliding element 11 is shown in a left position with respect to the image plane, so that the guide section 15 with the left guide sleeve 16 shown on the left has a greater overlap than the guide section 15 with the right guide sleeve 16 on the right.
  • the two guide sleeves 16 are adjacent for interlocking the outer longitudinal toothing 13 with the inner toothing 14 in the support tube 21, the distance between the two guide sleeves 16 being designed such that the axial mobility of the sliding element 11 is maintained.
  • the guide sleeves 16 have an internal toothing 17, the internal toothing 17 being designed such that it can be guided over the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10 in the direction of the shaft axis.
  • the exemplary embodiment shows the fundamental shaft 10 with interruptions in the external longitudinal toothing 13, so that setting points generated by the latter for receiving the guide sleeves 16 are formed by cylindrical receiving sections 25.
  • the guide sleeves 16 sit on the cylindrical receiving sections 25 with their tooth heads 17a of the internal toothing 17, and the guide sleeves 16 can be shrunk or pressed onto the receiving sections 25.
  • the diameter of the receiving sections 25 can be dimensioned such that it is slightly larger than the root diameter of the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10.
  • the guide sleeves 16 can thus be guided via the external longitudinal toothing 13 to the setting points which are formed by the receiving sections 25.
  • the guide sleeves 16 have a length which is determined in such a way that the guide sleeves 16 extend with a length section 16a to below or into the bearing bridges 19.
  • the guide sleeves 16 with their outer circumferential surface 20 form a slide bearing arrangement with the bearing bridges 19, so that the camshaft 1 can be rotatably supported about the shaft axis 12 via the guide sleeves 16.
  • the guide sleeves 16 fulfill both a guiding function of the sliding element 11 via the guide sections 15 formed on the sliding element 11 and a bearing function for mounting the camshaft 1 in the bearing bridges 19.
  • the outer circumferential surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16 can be dimensioned and surface-treated so that the guide sleeves 16 can serve as inner bearing rings for the plain bearing in the bearing bridges 19.
  • Figure 2 shows a non-inventive embodiment of the camshaft 1 with a hollow shaft 10 designed to reduce weight, which extends along a shaft axis 12.
  • a sliding element 11 is received on the basic shaft 10, and the sliding element 11 has a carrier tube 21 which receives two cam elements 23 and an adjusting member 24.
  • the carrier tube 21 On the inside, the carrier tube 21 has an internal toothing 14 which engages in an external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10.
  • the sliding element 11 is, as already in connection with Figure 1 described, axially movable and rotatably added to the base shaft 10.
  • the basic shaft 10 is formed with an external longitudinal toothing 13 along the shaft axis 12 so that it is uninterrupted and all elements are received on the external longitudinal toothing 13 itself.
  • guide sleeves 16 are accommodated on the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, which have an internal toothing 17 on the inside. This engages in the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, and the internal toothing 17 is dimensioned such that it is pressed onto the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10 in the transverse press fit or in the longitudinal press fit.
  • tooth heads 17a of the internal toothing 17 are shown, via which the guide sleeve 16 can be pressed onto the outer longitudinal toothing 13, for example by making the tooth tip dimension of the inner toothing 17 larger (ie with a smaller tip circle diameter) than the tooth root dimension of the outer longitudinal toothing 13.
  • the exemplary embodiment shows guide sleeves 16 with a length section 16a, which extends into the bearing bridges 19, so that the guide sleeves 16 form a slide bearing arrangement of the camshaft 1 with the bearing bridges 19.
  • Guide sections 15 are formed on the inside in the cam elements 23 and are guided on the outer peripheral surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16, as a result of which the radial guidance of the sliding element 11 is achieved.
  • the guide dimension between the guide sections 15 and the outer circumferential surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16 can be determined in such a way that the roof element 10 is minimally offset from the sliding element 11.
  • FIG 3 shows Figure 3 another modified embodiment of the camshaft 1 with a basic shaft 10 which has interruption sections 18.
  • the guide sleeves 16 are arranged along the shaft axis 12 at positions on the basic shaft 10 at which the interruption sections 18 are located.
  • the interruption sections 18 correspond to the bearing bridges 19 for rotatably receiving the camshaft 1 via the guide sleeves 16, and the guide sleeves 16 serve, via their outer peripheral surface 20, to mount the camshaft 1 in the bearing bridges 19.
  • the guide sleeves 16 are longer than the width of the interruption sections 18 in the direction of the shaft axis, so that the guide sleeves 16 are attached to their outer sides on the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, in particular are pressed on.
  • the section over which the bearing bridges 19 form a sliding bearing with the outer circumferential surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16 thus has no interference fit between the inner toothing 17 of the guide sleeves 16 and the outer longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, so that the concentricity of the outer circumferential surface 20 by the pressing the internal toothing 17 with the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the fundamental shaft 10 is not deteriorated.
  • the sliding element 11 is guided on the guide sleeves 16 in the manner described above via the guide sections 15 which are formed on cam elements 23 which are received on a carrier tube 21 of the sliding element 11. Between the two cam elements 23, an adjusting member 24 is formed for axially adjusting the sliding element along the shaft axis 12 on the basic shaft 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Nockenwelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The present invention relates to a camshaft according to the preamble of claim 1.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Aus der DE 10 2011 086 161 A1 ist eine Nockenwelle mit einer Grundwelle bekannt, und auf der Grundwelle ist ein Schiebeelement entlang der Wellenachse der Nockenwelle axial verschiebbar aufgenommen. Die Grundwelle weist eine Außenlängsverzahnung auf, und die Außenlängsverzahnung greift in eine Innenverzahnung ein, die in einem Durchgang im Schiebeelement eingebracht ist. Dadurch ist das Schiebeelement auf der Grundwelle in Wellenachsenrichtung axial verschiebbar, jedoch kann das Schiebeelement auf der Grundwelle nicht verdreht werden, so dass Drehmomente von der Grundwelle auf das Schiebeelement übertragen werden können.From the DE 10 2011 086 161 A1 a camshaft with a basic shaft is known, and a sliding element is axially displaceably received on the basic shaft along the shaft axis of the camshaft. The basic shaft has an external longitudinal toothing, and the external longitudinal toothing engages in an internal toothing which is introduced in a passage in the sliding element. As a result, the sliding element on the basic shaft is axially displaceable in the shaft axis direction, but the sliding element on the basic shaft cannot be rotated, so that torques can be transmitted from the basic shaft to the sliding element.

Bei der Aufnahme von Schiebeelementen auf einer mit einer Außenlängsverzahnung versehenen Grundwelle ergibt sich grundsätzlich das Problem einer möglichst spielfreien Führung des Schiebeelementes. Das Schiebeelement muss, um einen störungsfreien, dauerhaften Abgriff einer Hubinformation von einer Nockenlaufbahn des Schiebeelementes auf ein Abgriffselement zu ermöglichen, möglichst ohne radiales Spiel auf der Grundwelle geführt sein. Eine spielminimale Führung des Schiebeelementes auf der Grundwelle führt zu einer Minimierung der Desachsierung des Schiebeelementes auf der Grundwelle, sodass es wünschenswert ist, die Desachsierung möglichst klein auszuführen.When receiving sliding elements on a basic shaft provided with external longitudinal toothing, there is basically the problem of guiding the sliding element as free of play as possible. In order to enable trouble-free, permanent tapping of stroke information from a cam track of the sliding element onto a tapping element, the sliding element must be guided on the basic shaft without radial play, if possible. A minimal play of the sliding element on the basic shaft leads to a minimization of the dislocation of the sliding element on the basic shaft, so that it is desirable to make the dislocation as small as possible.

Um eine Führung des Schiebeelementes auf der Grundwelle von der Verzahnung der Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle mit der Innenverzahnung im Schiebeelement zu entkoppeln, schlägt die DE 10 2011 086 161 A1 weiterhin vor, am Schiebeelement Führungsabschnitte vorzusehen, durch die das Schiebeelement zur Minimierung der Desachsierung auf der Grundwelle geführt ist. Die Führungsabschnitte am Schiebeelement laufen dabei gegen die Zahnköpfe der Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle an, wodurch jedoch ein frühzeitiger Verschleiß der Führungsabschnitte hervorgerufen werden kann. Würde man auf der Grundwelle zylindrische Führungsabschnitte vorsehen, so könnte das Schiebeelement mit der Innenverzahnung nicht mehr montiert werden, da die Innenverzahnung im Durchgang des Schiebeelementes einen kleinsten Durchmesser aufweist, der kleiner wäre als der Zylinderabschnitt zur Führung des Schiebeelementes auf der Grundwelle. Würden die Führungsabschnitte am Schiebeelement einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweisen, und auf einem Zylinderabschnitt auf der Grundwelle aufsitzen, der ebenfalls einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweist, so könnte das Schiebeelement ebenfalls nicht mehr montiert werden, da die Außenlängsverzahnung auf der Grundwelle das Aufschieben des Schiebeelementes mit Führungsabschnitten kleineren Durchmessers unmöglich macht.In order to guide the sliding element on the basic shaft from the toothing of the outer longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft with the inner toothing in Decoupling the sliding element beats the DE 10 2011 086 161 A1 continue to provide on the sliding element guide sections through which the sliding element is guided to minimize the decaching on the fundamental. The guide sections on the sliding element run against the tooth heads of the external longitudinal teeth of the basic shaft, but this can cause premature wear of the guide sections. If cylindrical guide sections were provided on the basic shaft, the sliding element with the internal toothing could no longer be installed, since the internal toothing in the passage of the sliding element has a smallest diameter that would be smaller than the cylinder section for guiding the sliding element on the basic shaft. If the guide sections on the sliding element had a smaller diameter and were seated on a cylinder section on the basic shaft, which also has a smaller diameter, the sliding element could also no longer be fitted, since the external longitudinal toothing on the basic shaft pushed the sliding element with guide sections of smaller diameter into place makes impossible.

Aus der DE 10 2011 001 711 A1 ist eine Nockenwelle mit einer Grundwelle bekannt geworden, auf der wenigstens ein Schiebeelement entlang einer Wellenachse axial verschiebbar aufgenommen ist, wobei die Grundwelle eine Außenlängsverzahnung aufweist, die in eine in einem Durchgang im Schiebeelement eingebrachte Innenverzahnung eingreift, sodass das Schiebeelement verdrehfest auf der Grundwelle angeordnet ist, und wobei das Schiebeelement an seinen axialen Endseiten Führungsabschnitte aufweist, durch die das Schiebeelement zur Minimierung einer Desachsierung des Schiebeelementes auf der Grundwelle geführt ist, wobei auf der Grundwelle Führungshülsen aufgenommen sind, gegen die die Führungsabschnitte des Schiebeelementes abgestützt sind.From the DE 10 2011 001 711 A1 A camshaft with a basic shaft has become known, on which at least one sliding element is axially displaceably received along a shaft axis, the basic shaft having an external longitudinal toothing which engages in an internal toothing introduced in a passage in the sliding element, so that the sliding element is arranged on the basic shaft in a rotationally fixed manner , and wherein the sliding element has on its axial end sides guide sections through which the sliding element is guided to minimize a decaching of the sliding element on the basic shaft, wherein guide sleeves are received on the basic shaft, against which the guide sections of the sliding element are supported.

Bei der Nockenwelle gemäß DE 10 2011 001 711 A1 ist ferner vorgesehen, dass die Bereitstellung einer Zentrierung des Schiebenockens auf der Nockenwelle über auf der Nockenwelle axial unverschiebbar befestigten Lagerhülsen vorgenommen wird.According to the camshaft DE 10 2011 001 711 A1 it is also provided that the centering of the sliding cam on the camshaft is provided by means of bearing sleeves axially immovably fastened on the camshaft.

Wenngleich hierdurch eine Zentrierung des Schiebenockens erreicht werden kann, so besteht hier weiterer Verbesserungsbedarf, insbesondere hinsichtlich einer exakteren Ausrichtung der Führungshülsen.Although this enables the sliding cam to be centered, there is a need for further improvement, in particular with regard to a more precise alignment of the guide sleeves.

OFFENBARUNG DER ERFINDUNGDISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Weiterbildung einer Nockenwelle mit einer minimierten Desachsierung eines axial verschiebbaren Schiebeelementes auf einer Grundwelle, wobei das Schiebeelement über Führungsabschnitte gegen die Grundwelle radial geführt werden soll.The object of the invention is the development of a camshaft with a minimized decaching of an axially displaceable sliding element on a basic shaft, wherein the sliding element is to be guided radially against the basic shaft via guide sections.

Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einer Nockenwelle gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 in Verbindung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved on the basis of a camshaft in accordance with the preamble of claim 1 in conjunction with the characterizing features. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Die Erfindung schließt zur Lösung der voranstehenden Aufgabe die technische Lehre ein, dass auf der Grundwelle Führungshülsen aufgenommen sind, gegen die die Führungsabschnitte des Schiebeelementes abgestützt sind.To achieve the above object, the invention includes the technical teaching that guide sleeves are received on the basic shaft, against which the guide sections of the sliding element are supported.

Die Erfindung geht von dem allgemeinen Gedanken aus, die geometrische Ausgestaltung der Außenlängsverzahnung auf der Grundwelle und der Innenverzahnung im Durchgang des Schiebeelementes auf an sich bekannte Weise ausführen zu können, jedoch können die erfindungsgemäß separaten Führungshülsen eine Führung des Schiebeelementes ermöglichen, ohne dass die Führungsabschnitte einen kleineren Durchmesser aufweisen müssen als der größte Durchmesser der Außenlängsverzahnung. Damit kann das Schiebeelement über die Führungsabschnitte gegen eine zylinderförmige Außenumfangsfläche geführt werden. Eine Montage der Nockenwelle erfolgt dabei auf einfache Weise, da zunächst das Schiebeelement auf der Grundwelle aufgebracht werden kann, und erst anschließend können die Führungshülsen oder wenigstens eine abschließende Führungshülse seitlich zum Schiebeelement auf der Grundwelle aufgebracht werden.The invention is based on the general idea of being able to carry out the geometrical configuration of the external longitudinal toothing on the basic shaft and the internal toothing in the passage of the sliding element in a manner known per se, but the guide sleeves according to the invention can enable the sliding element to be guided without the guide sections being one must have a smaller diameter than the largest diameter of the external longitudinal toothing. The sliding element can thus be guided against a cylindrical outer peripheral surface via the guide sections. The camshaft is assembled in a simple manner since first the sliding element can be applied to the basic shaft, and only then can the guide sleeves or at least one final guide sleeve be applied laterally to the sliding element on the basic shaft.

Die Führungshülsen können beispielsweise einen Innendurchmesser aufweisen, der mit dem Kopfkreisdurchmesser der Außenlängsverzahnung korrespondiert. So können die Führungshülsen auf den Zahnköpfen der Außenlängsverzahnung aufgebracht werden. Mit besonderem Vorteil können die Führungshülsen eine Innenverzahnung aufweisen, und die Innenverzahnung in den Führungshülsen kann so ausgeführt sein, dass diese auf der Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle aufsitzen kann, so dass Zähne der Innenverzahnung in Zahnzwischenräumen der Zähne der Außenlängsverzahnung einsitzen. Dabei kann die Bemaßung der Innenverzahnung der Führungshülsen so ausgeführt sein, dass die Führungshülsen fest auf der Außenlängsverzahnung aufgebracht werden können.The guide sleeves can have an inner diameter, for example, which corresponds to the tip circle diameter of the external longitudinal toothing. In this way, the guide sleeves can be attached to the tooth heads of the external longitudinal toothing. Particularly advantageously, the guide sleeves can have internal teeth, and the internal teeth in the guide sleeves can be designed so that they can rest on the external longitudinal teeth of the basic shaft, so that teeth of the internal teeth sit in the spaces between the teeth of the teeth of the external longitudinal teeth. The dimensions of the internal toothing of the guide sleeves can be designed so that the guide sleeves can be firmly attached to the external longitudinal toothing.

Mit besonderem Vorteil können die Führungshülsen auf die Grundwelle aufgeschrumpft oder aufgepresst werden. Beispielsweise können die Führungshülsen erwärmt werden und/oder die Grundwelle kann abgekühlt werden, so dass die Führungshülsen nach Art eines Querpressverbandes auf der Grundwelle aufgebracht werden können. Ebenso ist es denkbar, dass die Führungshülsen in Wellenachsenrichtung auf der Grundwelle aufgepresst werden, um einen Längspressverband zu schaffen.The guide sleeves can be shrunk or pressed onto the basic shaft with particular advantage. For example, the guide sleeves can be heated and / or the basic shaft can be cooled, so that the guide sleeves can be applied to the basic shaft in the manner of a transverse press fit. It is also conceivable that the guide sleeves are pressed onto the basic shaft in the direction of the shaft axis in order to create a longitudinal press fit.

Zur Führung eines Schiebeelementes können zwei Führungshülsen vorgesehen sein, und die Führungshülsen können in Wellenachsenrichtung gesehen seitlich an den Bereich des Eingriffs der Außenlängsverzahnung in die Innenverzahnung auf der Grundwelle angeordnet sein. Dabei können die Führungshülsen einen Abstand zueinander aufweisen, der es erlaubt, dass das Schiebeelement axial auf der Grundwelle bewegt werden kann, um verschiedene Nockenlaufbahnen mit einem Abgriffselement zur Ventilbetätigung in Wirkverbindung zu bringen. Insbesondere können die Führungsabschnitte des Schiebeelementes mit den Führungshülsen mit einer solchen axialen Überdeckung ausgebildet sein, dass eine axiale Verschiebung des Schiebeelementes unter Aufrechterhaltung der Führung der Führungsabschnitte auf den Führungshülsen ermöglicht ist.Two guide sleeves can be provided for guiding a sliding element, and the guide sleeves can be arranged laterally, viewed in the direction of the shaft axis, at the region of the engagement of the outer longitudinal toothing in the inner toothing on the basic shaft. The guide sleeves can be at a distance from one another, which allows the sliding element to be moved axially on the basic shaft in order to bring various cam tracks into operative connection with a tap element for valve actuation. In particular, the guide sections of the sliding element with the guide sleeves can be designed with such an axial overlap that an axial displacement of the sliding element is possible while maintaining the guidance of the guide sections on the guide sleeves.

Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, dass die Außenlängsverzahnung zylinderförmige Aufnahmeabschnitte aufweist, so dass die Grundwelle wechselweise mit der Außenlängsverzahnung zylinderförmige Abschnitte aufweist. Dabei sitzt die Innenverzahnung der Führungshülsen mit an dieser ausgebildeten Zahnköpfen auf dem zylinderförmigen Aufnahmeabschnitt auf. Die Innenverzahnung in den Führungshülsen bleibt jedoch erforderlich, da sonst die Führungshülsen nicht über die benachbarte Außenlängsverzahnung auf der Grundwelle geführt werden könnte. Beispielsweise kann dabei der zylinderförmige Aufnahmeabschnitt auf der Grundwelle einen Durchmesser aufweisen, der beispielsweise leicht größer ist als der Durchmesser des Fußkreisdurchmessers der Außenlängsverzahnung.According to the invention, it is provided that the external longitudinal toothing has cylindrical receiving sections, so that the fundamental shaft alternately has cylindrical sections with the external longitudinal teeth. The internal toothing of the guide sleeves rests on the cylindrical receiving section with tooth heads formed thereon. However, the internal toothing in the guide sleeves remains necessary, since otherwise the guide sleeves could not be guided on the basic shaft via the adjacent external longitudinal toothing. For example, the cylindrical receiving section on the basic shaft can have a diameter that is, for example, slightly larger than the diameter of the root diameter of the external longitudinal toothing.

Weiterhin kann die Grundwelle und damit die Nockenwelle zur drehbeweglichen Lagerung in Lagerbrücken angeordnet werden. Die Lagerbrücken können dabei Teil des Zylinderkopfes einer Brennkraftmaschine oder Bestandteil eines Haubenmoduls sein, in dem ein oder mehrere Nockenwellen aufgenommen sind. Dabei können die Führungshülsen einen Längenabschnitt aufweisen, der einen Lagerinnenring zur Lagerung in der Lagerbrücke bildet. Erfindungsgemäß können damit die Führungshülsen nicht nur zur radialen Führung der axialen Bewegung der Schiebeelemente genutzt werden, und die Führungshülsen können zugleich auch Lagerringe bilden, die mit den Lagerbrücken Gleitlageranordnungen zur Lagerung der Nockenwelle bilden.Furthermore, the basic shaft and thus the camshaft can be arranged in bearing bridges for rotatable mounting. The bearing bridges can be part of the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine or part of a hood module in which one or more camshafts are accommodated. The guide sleeves can have a length section that forms an inner bearing ring for storage in the bearing bridge. According to the invention, the guide sleeves can thus not only be used for the radial guidance of the axial movement of the sliding elements, and the guide sleeves can also form bearing rings which, together with the bearing bridges, form slide bearing arrangements for mounting the camshaft.

Beispielsweise können die Führungshülsen eine zylinderförmige Außenumfangsfläche aufweisen, gegen die die Führungsabschnitte des Schiebeelementes und zugleich auch die Lagerbrücke abgestützt bzw. aufgenommen sind. Insbesondere kann die Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle Unterbrechungsabschnitte unter den Längenabschnitten der Führungshülsen aufweisen, die mit den Lagerbrücken die Gleitlageranordnung bilden. Durch die Unterbrechungsabschnitte wird folglich kein Pressverband der Innenverzahnung der Führungshülsen mit der Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle erzeugt, so dass das Rundlaufmaß der Außenumfangsfläche durch das Verpressen der Innenverzahnung mit der Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle nicht verschlechtert wird. Anderenfalls könnte die Vielfachauflage der Führungshülsen unterhalb der Gleitlageranordnung mit den Lagerbrücken über die Zahnköpfe der Innenverzahnung eine Polygonstruktur in die Führungshülse eindrücken, die das Rundlaufmaß negativ beeinflusst.For example, the guide sleeves can have a cylindrical outer peripheral surface against which the guide sections of the sliding element and at the same time the bearing bridge are supported or received. In particular, the external longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft can have interruption sections under the longitudinal sections of the guide sleeves which form the slide bearing arrangement with the bearing bridges. The interruption sections consequently do not produce a press fit of the internal toothing of the guide sleeves with the external longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft, so that the concentricity of the outer peripheral surface is not impaired by the pressing of the internal toothing with the external longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft. Otherwise, the multiple support of the guide sleeves below the slide bearing arrangement with the bearing bridges over the Tooth tips of the internal toothing press a polygon structure into the guide sleeve, which has a negative impact on the concentricity.

Schiebeelemente können mit einem Trägerrohr ausgeführt sein, auf dem mehrere Funktionselemente aufgebracht sind. Die Funktionselemente können beispielsweise Nockenelemente oder ein Verstellglied bilden, und das Verstellglied dient zur axialen Verstellung des Schiebeelementes auf der Grundwelle, und kann mit einem ruhend in der Einbauumgebung der Nockenwelle angeordneten Verstellmanipulator zusammenwirken. Beispielsweise kann das Trägerrohr so lang ausgeführt sein, dass die Funktionselemente seitlich über das Trägerrohr hinaus ragen, und die Führungsabschnitte können innenseitig an wenigstens einem Funktionselement ausgebildet sein. Beispielsweise können die Funktionselemente, also insbesondere die Nockenelemente, über einen Zylinderpressverband auf der Außenseite des Trägerrohrs aufgebracht sein und seitlich über das Trägerrohr hinaus ragen. Der hinausragende Teil des Funktionselementes gibt dabei einen innenzylindrischen Abschnitt frei, der den Führungsabschnitt bildet und mit der Außenumfangsfläche der Führungshülse die radiale Führung derselben bildet.Sliding elements can be designed with a support tube on which a plurality of functional elements are applied. The functional elements can, for example, form cam elements or an adjusting element, and the adjusting element serves for the axial adjustment of the sliding element on the basic shaft, and can cooperate with an adjusting manipulator which is arranged at rest in the installation environment of the camshaft. For example, the carrier tube can be made so long that the functional elements protrude laterally beyond the carrier tube, and the guide sections can be formed on the inside on at least one functional element. For example, the functional elements, in particular the cam elements, can be applied to the outside of the carrier tube by means of a cylinder press fit and project laterally beyond the carrier tube. The protruding part of the functional element releases an inner cylindrical section, which forms the guide section and, together with the outer peripheral surface of the guide sleeve, forms the radial guide thereof.

BEVORZUGTES AUSFÜHRUNGSBEISPIEL DER ERFINDUNGPREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

Weitere, die Erfindung verbessernde Maßnahmen werden nachstehend gemeinsam mit der Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der Erfindung anhand der Figuren näher dargestellt. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine quergeschnittene Ansicht einer Nockenwelle mit Führungshülsen, die auf Aufnahmeabschnitten zwischen einer Außenlängsverzahnung auf der Grundwelle aufgebracht sind,
Fig. 2
ein nicht zur Erfindung gehörendes Ausführungsbeispiel einer Nockenwelle mit Führungshülsen, die auf einer durchgehenden Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle aufsitzen,
Fig. 3
ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Nockenwelle mit Führungshülsen, die auf der Außenlängsverzahnung der Grundwelle aufsitzen, wobei die Außenlängsverzahnung einen Unterbrechungsabschnitt aufweist.
Further measures improving the invention are shown below together with the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the figures. It shows:
Fig. 1
2 shows a cross-sectional view of a camshaft with guide sleeves, which are applied to receiving sections between an external longitudinal toothing on the basic shaft,
Fig. 2
1 shows an embodiment of a camshaft with guide sleeves which are not part of the invention and are seated on a continuous external longitudinal toothing of the basic shaft,
Fig. 3
a further embodiment of a camshaft with guide sleeves on the external longitudinal teeth of the basic shaft sit on, the outer longitudinal toothing having an interruption section.

In Figur 1 ist abschnittsweise eine Nockenwelle 1 gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gezeigt. Die Nockenwelle 1 weist eine Grundwelle 10 auf, die sich entlang einer Wellenachse 12 erstreckt. Auf der Grundwelle 10 ist ein Schiebeelement 11 aufgenommen, welches entlang der Wellenachse 12 axial verschiebbar ist. Die Nockenwelle 1 weist dabei grundsätzlich mehrere Schiebeelemente 11 auf, die jeweils vorzugsweise auf gleiche Weise auf der Grundwelle 10 aufgenommen sein können. Um die Nockenwelle 1 beispielsweise in einem Zylinderkopf oder in einer Modulhaube zu lagern, sind Lagerbrücken 19 vorgesehen, und die Nockenwelle 1 ist mit Bezug auf den gezeigten Längenabschnitt beispielhaft in zwei Lagerbrücken 19 um die Wellenachse 12 drehbar aufgenommen.In Figure 1 a camshaft 1 according to a first exemplary embodiment of the invention is shown in sections. The camshaft 1 has a basic shaft 10 which extends along a shaft axis 12. On the basic shaft 10, a sliding element 11 is received, which is axially displaceable along the shaft axis 12. The camshaft 1 basically has a plurality of sliding elements 11, each of which can preferably be accommodated on the basic shaft 10 in the same way. In order to mount the camshaft 1, for example in a cylinder head or in a module hood, bearing bridges 19 are provided, and the camshaft 1 is rotatably received, for example, in two bearing bridges 19 about the shaft axis 12 with reference to the length section shown.

Die Grundwelle 10 weist eine Außenlängsverzahnung 13 auf, wobei die Außenlängsverzahnung 13 entlang der Wellenachse 12 mehrfach unterbrochen gezeigt ist.The basic shaft 10 has an external longitudinal toothing 13, the external longitudinal toothing 13 being shown interrupted several times along the shaft axis 12.

Das Schiebeelement 11 weist ein Trägerrohr 21 auf, und im Innendurchgang des Trägerrohres 21 ist eine Innenverzahnung 14 ausgebildet. Die Innenverzahnung 14 greift in die Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 ein, so dass das Schiebeelement 11 verdrehfest und längs der Wellenachse 12 verschiebbar auf der Grundwelle 10 aufgenommen ist. Die Tolerierung bzw. Bemaßung der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 im Verhältnis zur Innenverzahnung 14 ist so vorgesehen, dass lediglich die Drehmomentübertragung sichergestellt wird, eine radiale Führung mit einer minimalen Desachsierung des Schiebeelementes 11 auf der Grundwelle 10 erfolgt über die Verzahnung zwischen der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 und der Innenverzahnung 14 nicht.The sliding element 11 has a carrier tube 21, and an internal toothing 14 is formed in the inner passage of the carrier tube 21. The internal toothing 14 engages in the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, so that the sliding element 11 is received on the basic shaft 10 so that it cannot rotate and can be displaced along the shaft axis 12. The tolerance or dimensioning of the external longitudinal toothing 13 in relation to the internal toothing 14 is provided in such a way that only the torque transmission is ensured; radial guidance with a minimal decaching of the sliding element 11 on the basic shaft 10 takes place via the toothing between the external longitudinal toothing 13 and the internal toothing 14 Not.

Zur radialen Führung des Schiebeelementes 11 sind Führungsabschnitte 15 an diesen ausgebildet, und die Führungsabschnitte 15 laufen gegen Führungshülsen 16 an, die auf der Grundwelle 10 aufgenommen sind. Damit stützen die Führungshülsen 16 das Schiebeelement 11 über die Führungsabschnitte 15 ab. Die Führungsabschnitte 15 sind an Funktionselementen 22 ausgebildet, die auf dem Trägerrohr 21 aufgenommen sind. Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt hierzu ein Schiebeelement 11 mit zwei Funktionselementen 22, die als Nockenelemente 23 mit verschiedenen Nockenlaufbahnen ausgebildet sind. Zwischen den beiden gezeigten Nockenelementen 23 befindet sich ein Verstellglied 24, über das mit einem nicht dargestellten Manipulator das Schiebeelement 11 auf der Grundwelle 10 in Wellenachsenrichtung verschoben werden kann. Dargestellt ist das Schiebeelement 11 in Bezug auf die Bildebene in einer linken Position, so dass der linksseitig dargestellte Führungsabschnitt 15 mit der linken Führungshülse 16 eine größere Überdeckung aufweist als der rechts ausgebildete Führungsabschnitt 15 mit der rechten Führungshülse 16. Die beiden Führungshülsen 16 sind dabei benachbart zur Verzahnung der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 mit der Innenverzahnung 14 in dem Trägerrohr 21 angeordnet, wobei der Abstand der beiden Führungshülsen 16 so ausgebildet ist, dass die axiale Beweglichkeit des Schiebeelementes 11 gewahrt bleibt.For the radial guidance of the sliding element 11, guide sections 15 are formed thereon, and the guide sections 15 run against guide sleeves 16 which are received on the basic shaft 10. The guide sleeves 16 thus support the sliding element 11 via the guide sections 15. The guide sections 15 are formed on functional elements 22 which are received on the carrier tube 21. The exemplary embodiment shows a sliding element 11 with two functional elements 22, which are designed as cam elements 23 with different cam raceways. Between the two cam elements 23 shown there is an adjusting member 24, by means of which the sliding element 11 can be displaced on the fundamental shaft 10 in the shaft axis direction with a manipulator (not shown). The sliding element 11 is shown in a left position with respect to the image plane, so that the guide section 15 with the left guide sleeve 16 shown on the left has a greater overlap than the guide section 15 with the right guide sleeve 16 on the right. The two guide sleeves 16 are adjacent for interlocking the outer longitudinal toothing 13 with the inner toothing 14 in the support tube 21, the distance between the two guide sleeves 16 being designed such that the axial mobility of the sliding element 11 is maintained.

Die Führungshülsen 16 weisen eine Innenverzahnung 17 auf, wobei die Innenverzahnung 17 so ausgeführt ist, dass diese über die Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 in Wellenachsenrichtung hinweg geführt werden kann. Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt dabei die Grundwelle 10 mit Unterbrechungen in der Außenlängsverzahnung 13, so dass durch diese erzeugte Setzstellen zur Aufnahme der Führungshülsen 16 durch zylinderförmige Aufnahmeabschnitte 25 gebildet sind. Auf den zylinderförmigen Aufnahmeabschnitten 25 sitzen die Führungshülsen 16 mit ihren Zahnköpfen 17a der Innenverzahnung 17 auf, und die Führungshülsen 16 können auf den Aufnahmeabschnitten 25 aufgeschrumpft oder aufgepresst sein. Beispielsweise kann der Durchmesser der Aufnahmeabschnitte 25 so bemessen sein, dass dieser geringfügig größer ist als der Fußkreisdurchmesser der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10. Damit können die Führungshülsen 16 über die Außenlängsverzahnung 13 an die Setzstellen geführt werden, die durch die Aufnahmeabschnitte 25 gebildet sind. Erreichen die Führungshülsen 16 die Aufnahmeabschnitte 25, so erfolgt die Verpressung mit der Grundwelle 10 im Längspressverband oder im Querpressverband.The guide sleeves 16 have an internal toothing 17, the internal toothing 17 being designed such that it can be guided over the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10 in the direction of the shaft axis. The exemplary embodiment shows the fundamental shaft 10 with interruptions in the external longitudinal toothing 13, so that setting points generated by the latter for receiving the guide sleeves 16 are formed by cylindrical receiving sections 25. The guide sleeves 16 sit on the cylindrical receiving sections 25 with their tooth heads 17a of the internal toothing 17, and the guide sleeves 16 can be shrunk or pressed onto the receiving sections 25. For example, the diameter of the receiving sections 25 can be dimensioned such that it is slightly larger than the root diameter of the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10. The guide sleeves 16 can thus be guided via the external longitudinal toothing 13 to the setting points which are formed by the receiving sections 25. When the guide sleeves 16 reach the receiving sections 25, the pressing with the basic shaft 10 takes place in the longitudinal press dressing or in the transverse press dressing.

Die Führungshülsen 16 weisen eine Länge auf, die so bestimmt ist, dass sich die Führungshülsen 16 mit einem Längenabschnitt 16a bis unter bzw. in die Lagerbrücken 19 hinein erstrecken. Dadurch bilden die Führungshülsen 16 mit ihrer Außenumfangsfläche 20 eine Gleitlageranordnung mit den Lagerbrücken 19, so dass die Nockenwelle 1 über die Führungshülsen 16 drehbar um die Wellenachse 12 gelagert werden kann. Somit erfüllen die Führungshülsen 16 sowohl eine Führungsfunktion des Schiebeelementes 11 über die am Schiebeelement 11 ausgebildeten Führungsabschnitte 15 als auch eine Lagerfunktion zur Lagerung der Nockenwelle 1 in den Lagerbrücken 19. Die Außenumfangsfläche 20 der Führungshülsen 16 kann dabei so bemaßt und oberflächenbearbeitet sein, dass die Führungshülsen 16 als Lagerinnenringe für die Gleitlagerung in den Lagerbrücken 19 dienen können.The guide sleeves 16 have a length which is determined in such a way that the guide sleeves 16 extend with a length section 16a to below or into the bearing bridges 19. As a result, the guide sleeves 16 with their outer circumferential surface 20 form a slide bearing arrangement with the bearing bridges 19, so that the camshaft 1 can be rotatably supported about the shaft axis 12 via the guide sleeves 16. Thus, the guide sleeves 16 fulfill both a guiding function of the sliding element 11 via the guide sections 15 formed on the sliding element 11 and a bearing function for mounting the camshaft 1 in the bearing bridges 19. The outer circumferential surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16 can be dimensioned and surface-treated so that the guide sleeves 16 can serve as inner bearing rings for the plain bearing in the bearing bridges 19.

Figur 2 zeigt ein nicht erfindungsgemäßes Ausführungsbeispiel der Nockenwelle 1 mit einer zur Gewichtsreduzierung hohl ausgeführten Grundwelle 10, die sich entlang einer Wellenachse 12 erstreckt. Auf der Grundwelle 10 ist ein Schiebeelement 11 aufgenommen, und das Schiebeelement 11 weist ein Trägerrohr 21 auf, welches zwei Nockenelemente 23 und ein Verstellglied 24 aufnimmt. Innenseitig weist das Trägerrohr 21 eine Innenverzahnung 14 auf, die in eine Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 eingreift. Dadurch ist das Schiebeelement 11, wie bereits in Zusammenhang mit Figur 1 beschrieben, axial beweglich und verdrehfest auf der Grundwelle 10 aufgenommen. Figure 2 shows a non-inventive embodiment of the camshaft 1 with a hollow shaft 10 designed to reduce weight, which extends along a shaft axis 12. A sliding element 11 is received on the basic shaft 10, and the sliding element 11 has a carrier tube 21 which receives two cam elements 23 and an adjusting member 24. On the inside, the carrier tube 21 has an internal toothing 14 which engages in an external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10. As a result, the sliding element 11 is, as already in connection with Figure 1 described, axially movable and rotatably added to the base shaft 10.

Die Grundwelle 10 ist mit einer entlang der Wellenachse 12 durchgehenden Außenlängsverzahnung 13 ausgebildet, so dass diese unterbrechungsfrei ist und sämtliche Elemente werden auf der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 selbst aufgenommen. Seitlich zur Anordnung des Schiebeelementes 11 sind auf der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 Führungshülsen 16 aufgenommen, welche innenseitig eine Innenverzahnung 17 aufweisen. Diese greift in die Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 ein, und die Innenverzahnung 17 ist so bemaßt, dass diese auf der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 im Querpressverband oder im Längspressverband aufgepresst ist. Insbesondere sind Zahnköpfe 17a der Innenverzahnung 17 gezeigt, über die die Führungshülse 16 auf der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 aufgepresst sein kann, indem beispielsweise das Zahnkopfmaß der Innenverzahnung 17 größer (d.h. mit kleinerem Kopfkreisdurchmesser) ausgeführt ist als das Zahnfußmaß der Außenlängsverzahnung 13.The basic shaft 10 is formed with an external longitudinal toothing 13 along the shaft axis 12 so that it is uninterrupted and all elements are received on the external longitudinal toothing 13 itself. To the side of the arrangement of the sliding element 11, guide sleeves 16 are accommodated on the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, which have an internal toothing 17 on the inside. This engages in the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, and the internal toothing 17 is dimensioned such that it is pressed onto the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10 in the transverse press fit or in the longitudinal press fit. In particular, tooth heads 17a of the internal toothing 17 are shown, via which the guide sleeve 16 can be pressed onto the outer longitudinal toothing 13, for example by making the tooth tip dimension of the inner toothing 17 larger (ie with a smaller tip circle diameter) than the tooth root dimension of the outer longitudinal toothing 13.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt Führungshülsen 16 mit einem Längenabschnitt 16a, der sich in die Lagerbrücken 19 hinein erstreckt, so dass die Führungshülsen 16 mit den Lagerbrücken 19 eine Gleitlageranordnung der Nockenwelle 1 bilden.The exemplary embodiment shows guide sleeves 16 with a length section 16a, which extends into the bearing bridges 19, so that the guide sleeves 16 form a slide bearing arrangement of the camshaft 1 with the bearing bridges 19.

Innenseitig in den Nockenelementen 23 sind Führungsabschnitte 15 ausgebildet, die auf der Außenumfangsfläche 20 der Führungshülsen 16 geführt sind, wodurch die radiale Führung des Schiebeelementes 11 erzielt wird. Das Führungsmaß zwischen den Führungsabschnitten 15 und der Außenumfangsfläche 20 der Führungshülsen 16 kann so bestimmt sein, dass eine minimale Desachsierung des Schiebeelementes 11 auf der Grundwelle 10 erreicht wird.Guide sections 15 are formed on the inside in the cam elements 23 and are guided on the outer peripheral surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16, as a result of which the radial guidance of the sliding element 11 is achieved. The guide dimension between the guide sections 15 and the outer circumferential surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16 can be determined in such a way that the roof element 10 is minimally offset from the sliding element 11.

Schließlich zeigt Figur 3 noch ein abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel der Nockenwelle 1 mit einer Grundwelle 10, die Unterbrechungsabschnitte 18 aufweist. Die Führungshülsen 16 sind dabei entlang der Wellenachse 12 an Positionen auf der Grundwelle 10 angeordnet, an denen sich die Unterbrechungsabschnitte 18 befinden. Dabei korrespondieren die Unterbrechungsabschnitte 18 mit den Lagerbrücken 19 zur drehbaren Aufnahme der Nockenwelle 1 über die Führungshülsen 16, und die Führungshülsen 16 dienen über ihre Außenumfangsfläche 20 zur Lagerung der Nockenwelle 1 in den Lagerbrücken 19.Finally shows Figure 3 another modified embodiment of the camshaft 1 with a basic shaft 10 which has interruption sections 18. The guide sleeves 16 are arranged along the shaft axis 12 at positions on the basic shaft 10 at which the interruption sections 18 are located. The interruption sections 18 correspond to the bearing bridges 19 for rotatably receiving the camshaft 1 via the guide sleeves 16, and the guide sleeves 16 serve, via their outer peripheral surface 20, to mount the camshaft 1 in the bearing bridges 19.

Die Führungshülsen 16 sind länger ausgeführt als die Breite der Unterbrechungsabschnitte 18 in Wellenachsenrichtung, so dass die Führungshülsen 16 an ihren Außenseiten auf der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 aufgebracht, insbesondere aufgepresst sind. Der Abschnitt, über dem die Lagerbrücken 19 mit der Außenumfangsfläche 20 der Führungshülsen 16 eine Gleitlagerung bildet, weist damit keinen Pressverband der Innenverzahnung 17 der Führungshülsen 16 mit der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 auf, so dass das Rundlaufmaß der Außenumfangsfläche 20 durch das Verpressen der Innenverzahnung 17 mit der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 der Grundwelle 10 nicht verschlechtert wird.The guide sleeves 16 are longer than the width of the interruption sections 18 in the direction of the shaft axis, so that the guide sleeves 16 are attached to their outer sides on the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, in particular are pressed on. The section over which the bearing bridges 19 form a sliding bearing with the outer circumferential surface 20 of the guide sleeves 16 thus has no interference fit between the inner toothing 17 of the guide sleeves 16 and the outer longitudinal toothing 13 of the basic shaft 10, so that the concentricity of the outer circumferential surface 20 by the pressing the internal toothing 17 with the external longitudinal toothing 13 of the fundamental shaft 10 is not deteriorated.

Die Führung des Schiebeelementes 11 auf den Führungshülsen 16 erfolgt auf vorstehend beschriebene Weise über die Führungsabschnitte 15, die an Nockenelementen 23 ausgebildet sind, die auf einem Trägerrohr 21 des Schiebeelementes 11 aufgenommen sind. Zwischen den beiden Nockenelementen 23 ist ein Verstellglied 24 zur axialen Verstellung des Schiebeelementes entlang der Wellenachse 12 auf der Grundwelle 10 ausgebildet. Zur Drehmomentübertragung zwischen der Grundwelle 10 und dem Schiebeelement 11 dient eine Innenverzahnung 14, die innenseitig im Trägerrohr 21 eingebracht ist und die mit der Außenlängsverzahnung 13 zusammenwirkt.The sliding element 11 is guided on the guide sleeves 16 in the manner described above via the guide sections 15 which are formed on cam elements 23 which are received on a carrier tube 21 of the sliding element 11. Between the two cam elements 23, an adjusting member 24 is formed for axially adjusting the sliding element along the shaft axis 12 on the basic shaft 10. An internal toothing 14, which is introduced on the inside in the carrier tube 21 and which interacts with the external longitudinal toothing 13, is used for torque transmission between the basic shaft 10 and the sliding element 11.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
Nockenwellecamshaft
1010th
GrundwelleFundamental wave
1111
SchiebeelementSliding element
1212th
WellenachseShaft axis
1313
AußenlängsverzahnungExternal longitudinal teeth
1414
InnenverzahnungInternal teeth
1515
FührungsabschnittGuide section
1616
FührungshülseGuide sleeve
16a16a
LängenabschnittLength segment
1717th
InnenverzahnungInternal teeth
17a17a
ZahnkopfTooth head
1818th
UnterbrechungsabschnittInterruption section
1919th
LagerbrückeWarehouse bridge
2020
AußenumfangsflächeOuter peripheral surface
2121
TrägerrohrCarrier tube
2222
FunktionselementFunctional element
2323
NockenelementCam element
2424th
VerstellgliedActuator
2525th
AufnahmeabschnittReceiving section

Claims (8)

  1. Camshaft (1) with a main shaft (10) on which at least one sliding element (11) is received in such a way as to be axially displaceable along a shaft axis (12), wherein the main shaft (10) comprises an outer longitudinal tooth structure (13) that meshes with an inner tooth structure (14) introduced into a passage in the sliding element (11), such that the sliding element (11) is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner on the main shaft (10), and wherein the sliding element (11), on its axial end faces, comprises guiding portions (15) by means of which the sliding element (11) is guided on the main shaft (10) in order to minimize an axial offset of the sliding element (11), wherein guiding sleeves (16) are received on the main shaft (10), and the guiding portions (15) of the sliding element (11) are supported against these, characterized in that the guiding sleeves (16) comprise an inner tooth structure (17), which is dimensioned in such a way that the guiding sleeves (16) are mounted, in a manner fixed in terms of rotation and displacement, on cylindrical receiving portions (25) of the main shaft (10).
  2. Camshaft (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guiding sleeves (16) are shrink-fitted or pressed onto the main shaft (10).
  3. Camshaft (1) according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the guiding sleeves (16), seen in the direction of the shaft axis, are arranged on the main shaft (10) laterally with respect to the region of engagement of the outer longitudinal tooth structure (13) in the inner tooth structure (14).
  4. Camshaft (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outer longitudinal tooth structure (13) comprises cylindrical receiving portions (25), wherein the inner tooth structure (17) of the guiding sleeves (16) sits on the cylindrical receiving portions (25) via tooth tips (17a) formed on the inner tooth structure (17).
  5. Camshaft (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the main shaft (10) can be arranged rotationally movably in bearing brackets (19), wherein the guiding sleeves (16) comprise a longitudinal portion (16a) that forms a bearing inner ring for mounting in the bearing bracket (19).
  6. Camshaft (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guiding sleeves (16) comprise a cylindrical outer circumferential surface (20), against which the guiding portions (15) of the sliding element (11) and preferably the bearing bracket (19) are supported, and/or wherein the outer longitudinal tooth structure (13) of the main shaft (10) comprises interruption sections (18) among the longitudinal portions (16a) of the guiding sleeves (16) which, with the bearing brackets (19), form the plain bearing arrangement.
  7. Camshaft (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guiding portions (15) of the sliding element (11) are designed to axially overlap the guiding sleeves (16) such that an axial displacement of the sliding element (11) is permitted while maintaining the guiding of the guiding portions (15) on the guiding sleeves (16).
  8. Camshaft (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding element (11) comprises a carrier tube (21) on which the functional elements (22) of the sliding element (11) are received, wherein the guiding portions (15) are formed on at least one functional element (22).
EP15744947.1A 2014-11-07 2015-08-03 Camshaft with axially displacable sleeve Active EP3215721B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014116256.0A DE102014116256B4 (en) 2014-11-07 2014-11-07 camshaft
PCT/EP2015/067845 WO2016071015A1 (en) 2014-11-07 2015-08-03 Camshaft comprising an axially guided sliding element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3215721A1 EP3215721A1 (en) 2017-09-13
EP3215721B1 true EP3215721B1 (en) 2020-07-15

Family

ID=53765225

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15744947.1A Active EP3215721B1 (en) 2014-11-07 2015-08-03 Camshaft with axially displacable sleeve

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10054013B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3215721B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6535736B2 (en)
CN (1) CN107075986B (en)
DE (1) DE102014116256B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2016071015A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015101295A1 (en) * 2015-01-29 2016-08-04 Thyssenkrupp Ag Method for mounting a camshaft in a module body

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19519048A1 (en) 1995-05-24 1996-11-28 Hermann Prof Dr Ing Krueger Lift valve drive for internal combustion engines
JP2007127189A (en) * 2005-11-02 2007-05-24 Toyota Motor Corp Rotation-linear motion actuator, direct-acting shaft mechanism, variable valve train and variable valve system engine
DE102009014895B4 (en) 2009-03-25 2012-05-24 Audi Ag The shaft-hub-connection
DE102010004591B4 (en) 2010-01-14 2021-08-19 Audi Ag Built cam carrier for valve train
DE102011001711B4 (en) 2011-03-31 2023-06-07 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Valve train for an internal combustion engine and method of manufacturing the same
DE102011086161A1 (en) 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Sliding cam shaft for variable valve drive of internal combustion engine, has base shaft and one axially displaceable cam-piece, where maximum axial offset of cam-piece acting to base shaft is limited directly in radial region

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2018500490A (en) 2018-01-11
CN107075986B (en) 2019-09-17
US10054013B2 (en) 2018-08-21
JP6535736B2 (en) 2019-06-26
US20170314425A1 (en) 2017-11-02
DE102014116256A1 (en) 2016-05-12
CN107075986A (en) 2017-08-18
DE102014116256B4 (en) 2022-11-10
WO2016071015A1 (en) 2016-05-12
EP3215721A1 (en) 2017-09-13

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