EP3202562A1 - Pellet press - Google Patents
Pellet press Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3202562A1 EP3202562A1 EP17154278.0A EP17154278A EP3202562A1 EP 3202562 A1 EP3202562 A1 EP 3202562A1 EP 17154278 A EP17154278 A EP 17154278A EP 3202562 A1 EP3202562 A1 EP 3202562A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- azimuth angle
- ring die
- distance
- pellet
- press
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000035 biogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/227—Means for dividing the extruded material into briquets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/20—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring
- B30B11/201—Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring for extruding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
- B30B15/08—Accessory tools, e.g. knives; Mountings therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pellet press for pressing pellets starting from a press material, with a rotatable ring die having substantially radial through holes and formed in its interior a pressing space into which the pressing material can be fed, pressing means to the press material to form the pellet through pressing the through-holes, and at least one cutting device having a landing zone for a pellet projecting over the ring die in its radial direction, fixed to a fixed housing part of the pellet press such that the landing zone is radially spaced from the radially outer region of the rotatably mounted ring die this is arranged.
- a generic pellet press is in various embodiments of the DE 10 2013 111 828 A1 known. From the document, essentially two types of cut-to-length devices are proposed for producing pellets that are as uniformly long as possible while at the same time having low fractional dust production. On the one hand, a cutting device is proposed, which, with the aid of a groove, a rib or a shoulder, each of which extends in an essentially helical manner with an arcuate contour over at least the region of one of the radial through bores of the ring die, projects a deflection of in the radial direction beyond the ring die Effect pellets in the axial direction of the ring die.
- the previously known alternative cutting device is not based on an axial deflection of the pellets.
- the previously known cutting device has a radial guide surface which is bent parallel to the exit face of the ring die and acts as a cutting means.
- the Radialleit Structure is mounted at such a distance in the radially outer region of the ring die, that a pellet, which protrudes beyond the ring die in the radial direction or is pressed in the region of a skimmer of the pellet press to the outside, in the region of its free end, in particular its front side , at the Radialleit Structure comes to rest.
- the pellet then moves along the radial guide surface in the circumferential direction in such a way that it is deflected by means of a friction force acting in the circumferential direction of the ring die until it kinks in the region of the ring die.
- a disadvantage of this previously known Cutting device for a generic pellet press is that a precisely matched to the curvature of the exit surface of the ring matrix curvature of the deflection is required to keep the distance constant. Furthermore, special demands are placed on the surface of the radial guide surface of the previously known deflection device, so that they produce the required frictional force in cooperation with the pellet. The friction may also depend on the operating condition of the pellet press, for example on the temperature and / or nature of the press material.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a pellet press with the features mentioned, in which the avoidance of the disadvantages of the prior art, the production of uniformly long pellets is inexpensive possible.
- the object is achieved by a pellet press of the type mentioned, in which extends the application area in the circumferential direction of the ring die from a front azimuth angle to a respect to a direction of rotation of the ring matrix intended larger Heckazimutwinkel, wherein the distance to the ring die is variable as a function of the azimuth angle.
- the distance of the cutting device at a given minimum azimuth angle to a minimum is defined at the minimum azimuth angle that at which a pellet will break off. This has advantages for the further processing and management of the broken pellets.
- the distance of the cutting device decreases monotonically in a range from the front azimuth angle to the minimum azimuth angle, the break edges of the pellets are mechanically stressed in the exit region from the through bores.
- the resulting dust rupture load abruptly reduces the energy of the flight acceleration. This leads with advantage to a uniform fraying of the broken edges, which leads to fewer fines in further conveying the pellets.
- the distance of the cutting devices of a by an azimuth angle of the Minimum azimuth angle to Heckazimutwinkel defined rear section of the investment area preferably monotonous, too.
- a front portion of the contact area defined by an azimuth angle range from the front azimuth angle to the minimum azimuth angle is smaller than a rear portion of the contact area defined by an azimuth angle range from the minimum azimuth angle to the rear azimuth angle.
- the tapered portion of the cutting device according to the invention is steeper than the outgoing portion which interacts with separated pellets.
- the cutting device is arranged in the region of the pressing means, wherein preferably the pressing means comprise at least one roller, which is arranged eccentrically to the ring die and can roll on its inner circumference, the dust screen is additionally supported by the through holes passing through pellets. Because while the distance between the cutting device and ring die decreases, producing a substantially radially inwardly directed force, the pressing means, in particular Koller, cause a radially outward force acting on the pellet.
- the landing area at least in a section from the front azimuth angle to the minimum azimuth angle to the ring die opposite convex curvature.
- This measure also advantageously effects a rapid retardation of the pellet, which in practice has led to a substantially more uniform roughening of the breaklines than in the case of previously known cross-cutting processes.
- the pellet press according to the invention with respect to the intended direction of rotation in the circumferential direction, in particular at a circumferential distance, provided behind the deflection a braking device with a baffle, which is fixed to a fixed housing part of the pellet press such that the baffle region in the radially outer region the rotatably mounted ring die is arranged at a radial distance therefrom, wherein the impact area in the circumferential direction of the ring die extends from a front azimuth angle to a rear azimuth angle which is greater with respect to an intended direction of rotation of the ring die.
- the braking device is used with suitable positioning within the scope of the invention for gently braking the loose pellets.
- the detached pellets are advantageously directed from the rear region of the cutting device onto the braking device.
- the braking device can connect directly to the rear portion of the deflection or be arranged at a circumferential distance from this.
- the braking device is formed integrally with the cutting device.
- the mode of operation of the braking device of the pellet press according to the invention unfolds particularly favorably if, in an embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the impact area lies on a tangent of the rear section of the contact area.
- the impact area is on the trajectory of the detached pellets, as defined by the outlet area of the cutting device.
- the distance of the impact region from the ring die is substantially constant over the extent in the circumferential direction of the impact region.
- the pellet press according to the invention is further improved if the distance of the impact area from the ring die is variable as a function of the azimuth angle. Then, according to the invention, a delay and / or steering can be optimized for the purpose of discharging the pellets from the press.
- the distance of the braking device in a defined by an azimuth angle range of a widening azimuth angle to Heckazimutwinkel rear portion of the baffle preferably monotonously increases. This can be done a particularly gentle braking of the pellets. At the same time, the separated pellet is advantageously removed further from the ring die.
- length adjustment means are provided to vary the distance between the cutting device and / or the braking device to the ring die.
- both separateVirnverstellsch can be provided for the AblCodevorraum and the braking device.
- a length adjustment means for coupled distance adjustment of both the cutting device and the braking device may be provided.
- a length-locking means are all known in the art options, in particular screws or the like, into consideration.
- Fig. 1 shows in a cross-sectional view transverse to the axis of rotation a preferred embodiment of a pellet press 1 according to the invention.
- the pellet press 1 has a ring die 3 which is rotatable about the rotation axis 2 by means of a drive (not shown).
- the ring die 3 forms in its interior a pressing space 4.
- pressing material 5 can be inserted.
- press material 5 is biogenic fibrous press material or other suitable material for the production of pellets into consideration.
- three Koller 6 are arranged eccentrically to the ring die 3.
- the rollers 6 are able to unroll on the inner circumference 7 of the ring die 3 in such a way that the pressing material 5 is pressed to form pellets 8 by means of radial through holes 9 formed in the ring die 3.
- the ring die 3 is rotatably mounted relative to a stationary housing 10.
- a cutting device 11 is attached on the fixed housing 10.
- the cutting device 11 is fastened such that it is arranged in the radially outer region of the ring die 3 at a radial distance from the ring die 3.
- the cutting device 11 on the housing 10 in the circumferential direction of the ring die 3 at the location with a larger azimuth angle with respect to the axis of rotation 2 of the ring die 3 is arranged as a rotation axis 12 of the skimmer. 6
- a braking device designed as a baffle plate 15 is arranged.
- the baffle plate 15 is fixed to the fixed housing 10.
- Both the baffle plate 15 and the cutting device 11 are in the radial direction of the ring die 3 equally as in the circumferential direction of the ring die 3 adjustable to the distance of the cutting device 11 to the radially outer region of the ring die 3 and the circumferential distance 14 of AblCodevorraum 11 to the baffle plate 15 to vary.
- the adjustability can be configured jointly both for the assembly consisting of the deflection device 11 and the impact plate of FIG. 15.
- the cutting device 11 is designed as a scraping plate 11, which in the built-in pellet press 1 state in the axial direction of the pellet press 11 is symmetrical, ie immutable.
- the scraping plate 11 has a convex curvature opposite the ring die 3.
- the curvature is chosen such that in a range from a front azimuth angle 16 to a minimum azimuth angle 17, the radial distance of the stripper plate 11 to the outer region of the ring die 3 decreases monotonically.
- the radial distance of Abstreifblechs 11 to the outer region of the ring die 3 has a minimum at the minimum azimuth 17.
- the azimuth angle information is to be understood in the sense of a polar coordinate system. In Fig. 2 the angles are shown in relation to an arbitrary 0 ° angle.
- the curvature is designed such that the radial distance of Abstreifblechs 11 increases monotonically to the outer region of the ring die 3.
- the angles defining the section 18 in the polar coordinate system are in Fig. 4 by lines extending from the outer area of the ring die 3 to the Stripping plate 11 extend, indicated. how very good in Fig. 4 can be seen, the portion of the Abstreifblechs 11 from Frontazimutwinkel 16 tohirazimutwinkel 17 is shorter than the section 18 from the minimum azimuth 17 to the Heckazimutwinkel 19.
- Fig. 4 to recognize that the radial distance of the Abstreifblechs 11 to the outer region of the ring die 3 decreases faster than it increases again in the section 18 from the minimum azimuth 17 to the Heckazimutwinkel 19.
- the shape of the baffle plate 15 as a braking device is described in more detail below.
- Fig. 4 is the outer contour of the ring die 3 only for orientation and illustration of the variation of the distance between the ring die 3 and the stripper 11 indicated. Details such as in particular the through holes 9 are in Fig. 4 not shown.
- the baffle plate 15 extends based on polar coordinates of Frontazimutwinkel 20 of the baffle plate 15 via a widening azimuth angle 21 to the Heckazimutwinkel 22 of the baffle plate 11.
- the widening azimuth angle 21, in contrast, defines the transition to a rear portion 23 of the baffle plate 15, in which the radial distance of the baffle plate 15 to the ring die 3 increases.
- Fig. 3 Especially good is in Fig. 3 to recognize that the baffle plate 15 is located on a tangent 25 of the rear portion 24 of the Abstreifblechs 11.
- the functioning of the in the FIGS. 1 to 4 disclosed pellet press 1 according to the invention is as follows.
- the rotation of the driven ring die 3 is pressed by the Koller 6 in known per se press material 5, such as biogenic fibrous press material through the through holes 9 in the ring die 3, so that over the outer region of the ring die 3 pellets 8 protrude , as in Fig. 3 outlined.
- the pellets are pressed with their free end against the cutting device 11 and the AblCodeblech 11.
- the shape of the AblCodeblechs 11 and its attachment relative to the ring die 3 cause in the section from Frontazimutwinkel 16 to the minimum azimuth 17, the pellets 8 are compressed relatively abruptly until they break off at the point of minimum azimuth 17 at the breaking edge in the region of the ring die 3 ,
- the loose pellets 8 are guided by the portion 18 of the cut-off sheet 11 extending from the minimum azimuth angle 17 to the rear azimuth angle 19 so as to move radially away from the ring die 3.
- a pellet press which is able to produce pellets with a narrow length distribution and uniform fraying of the breaklines after a dust-rearing process, with the further conveying of the pellets few fines.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
um eine Pelletpresse (1) zum Pressen von Pellets (8) ausgehend von einem Pressmaterial (5), mit einer rotierbaren Ringmatrize (3), die im wesentlichen radiale Durchgangsbohrungen (9) aufweist und in ihrem Inneren einen Pressraum (4) ausbildet, in den das Pressmaterial (5) zuführbar ist, Pressmitteln (6), um das Pressmaterial (5) zur Ausbildung des Pellets (8) durch die Durchgangsbohrungen (9) zu pressen, und zumindest einer einen Anlegebereich für ein über die Ringmatrize (3) in deren Radialrichtung hinausragendes Pellet (8) aufweisenden Ablängvorrichtung (11), die an einem feststehenden Gehäuseteil (10) der Pelletpresse (1) derart befestigt ist, dass der Anlegebereich im radial äußeren Bereich der drehbar gelagerten Ringmatrize (3) in einem radialen Abstand zu dieser angeordnet ist, anzugeben, bei welcher unter vermeidung der Nachteile des Standes der Technik die Erzeugung möglichst gleichmäßig langer Pellets kostengünstig möglich ist, wird vorgeschlagen, dass sich der Anlegebereich in umfangsrichtung der Ringmatrize (3) von einem Frontazimutwinkel (16) bis zu einem bezüglich einer bestimmungsgemäßen Rotationsrichtung (13) der Ringmatrize (3) größeren Heckazimutwinkel (19) erstreckt, wobei der Abstand zur Ringmatrize (3) in Abhängigkeit des Azimutwinkels (16, 17, 19) variabel ausgestaltet ist.to a pellet press (1) for pressing pellets (8) starting from a press material (5), with a rotatable ring die (3) having substantially radial through holes (9) and forming in their interior a pressing space (4) to which the pressing material (5) can be fed, pressing means (6) for pressing the pressing material (5) to form the pellet (8) through the through holes (9), and at least one for applying over the ring die (3) its radial direction protruding pellet (8) having cutting device (11) which is fixed to a fixed housing part (10) of the pellet press (1) such that the application area in the radially outer region of the rotatably mounted ring die (3) at a radial distance to this is arranged to specify, in which, while avoiding the disadvantages of the prior art, the production of uniformly long pellets cost is possible, it is proposed that the Anl extending in the circumferential direction of the ring die (3) from a front azimuth angle (16) to a relative to a direction of rotation (13) of the ring die (3) larger Heckazimutwinkel (19), wherein the distance to the ring die (3) in dependence of the azimuth angle (16 , 17, 19) is designed variably.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Pelletpresse zum Pressen von Pellets ausgehend von einem Pressmaterial, mit einer rotierbaren Ringmatrize, die im wesentlichen radiale Durchgangsbohrungen aufweist und in ihrem Inneren einen Pressraum ausgebildet in den das Pressmaterial zuführbar ist, Pressmitteln, um das Pressmaterial zur Ausbildung des Pellets durch die Durchgangsbohrungen zu pressen, und zumindest einer einen Anlegebereich für ein über die Ringmatrize in deren Radialrichtung hinausragendes Pellet aufweisenden Ablängvorrichtung, die an einem feststehenden Gehäuseteil der Pelletpresse derart befestigt ist, dass der Anlegebereich im radial äußeren Bereich der drehbar gelagerten Ringmatrize in einem radialen Abstand zu dieser angeordnet ist.The present invention relates to a pellet press for pressing pellets starting from a press material, with a rotatable ring die having substantially radial through holes and formed in its interior a pressing space into which the pressing material can be fed, pressing means to the press material to form the pellet through pressing the through-holes, and at least one cutting device having a landing zone for a pellet projecting over the ring die in its radial direction, fixed to a fixed housing part of the pellet press such that the landing zone is radially spaced from the radially outer region of the rotatably mounted ring die this is arranged.
Eine gattungsgemäße Pelletpresse ist in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen aus der
Eine ebenfalls aus der
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Pelletpresse mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen anzugeben, bei welcher unter vermeidung der Nachteile des Standes der Technik die Erzeugung möglichst gleichmäßig langer Pellets kostengünstig möglich ist.The present invention is therefore based on the object to provide a pellet press with the features mentioned, in which the avoidance of the disadvantages of the prior art, the production of uniformly long pellets is inexpensive possible.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Pelletpresse der eingangs genannten Art, bei welcher sich der Anlegebereich in umfangsrichtung der Ringmatrize von einem Frontazimutwinkel bis zu einem bezüglich einer bestimmungsgemäßen Rotationsrichtung der Ringmatrize größeren Heckazimutwinkel erstreckt, wobei der Abstand zur Ringmatrize in Abhängigkeit des Azimutwinkels variabel ausgestaltet ist.The object is achieved by a pellet press of the type mentioned, in which extends the application area in the circumferential direction of the ring die from a front azimuth angle to a respect to a direction of rotation of the ring matrix intended larger Heckazimutwinkel, wherein the distance to the ring die is variable as a function of the azimuth angle.
Durch die variable Ausgestaltung des Abstands kann insbesondere eine Verringerung des Abstands vorgesehen sein, welche zu einem Stauchbrechen überstehender Pellets führt. Mit vorteil ist eine derartige Ablängvorrichtung günstig herstellbar, da weder eine aufwendige helixförmige verwindung zur Erzeugung einer Axialauslenkung der Pellets noch eine exakte Anpassung an die Krümmung der Ringmatrize vonnöten ist.Due to the variable configuration of the distance, in particular a reduction of the distance can be provided, which leads to a crush breaking protruding pellets. With advantage of such a cutting device is low to produce, since neither a complex helical distortion for generating an axial deflection of the pellets is still an exact adaptation to the curvature of the ring die required.
In Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse weist der Abstand der Ablängvorrichtung bei einem gegebenen Minimalazimutwinkel ein Minimum auf. Mit vorteil definiert der Ort auf dem Anlegebereich erfindungsgemäß bei dem Minimalazimutwinkel jenen, an welchem ein Pellet abbrechen wird. Dies hat für die weitere Verarbeitung und Führung der abgebrochenen Pellets vorteile.In an embodiment of the pellet press according to the invention, the distance of the cutting device at a given minimum azimuth angle to a minimum. Advantageously, the location on the landing zone according to the invention defines at the minimum azimuth angle that at which a pellet will break off. This has advantages for the further processing and management of the broken pellets.
wenn in weiterer Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse der Abstand der Ablängvorrichtung in einem Bereich vom Frontazimutwinkel bis zum Minimalazimutwinkel monoton abnimmt, werden die Bruchkanten der Pellets im Austrittsbereich aus den Durchgangsbohrungen mechanisch belastet. Durch die entstehende Staubruchbelastung wird die Energie der Flugbeschleunigung abrupt reduziert. Dies führt mit vorteil zu einer gleichmäßigen Ausfransung der Bruchkanten, was im weiteren Fördern der Pellets zu weniger Feinteilen führt.If, in a further embodiment of the pellet press according to the invention, the distance of the cutting device decreases monotonically in a range from the front azimuth angle to the minimum azimuth angle, the break edges of the pellets are mechanically stressed in the exit region from the through bores. The resulting dust rupture load abruptly reduces the energy of the flight acceleration. This leads with advantage to a uniform fraying of the broken edges, which leads to fewer fines in further conveying the pellets.
In weiterer vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung nimmt der Abstand der Ablängvorrichtungen von einem durch einen Azimutwinkelbereich vom Minimalazimutwinkel bis zum Heckazimutwinkel definierten Heckabschnitt des Anlagebereichs, vorzugweise monoton, zu. Durch diese Ausformung der Ablängvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse dient diese in dem dem Abbruchpunkt nachgelagerten Abschnitt zur gezielten Führung der losen Pellets, beispielsweise, um diese auf weitere die Pellets beeinflussende Bauteile zu lenken. Indem der Abstand zur Ringmatrize zunimmt, werden lose Pellets von der Ringmatrize weggetragen, um auf diese weise mit vorteil nicht mit neuen durch die Durchgangsbohrungen tretenden, noch nicht abgetrennten Pellets zu kollidieren.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the distance of the cutting devices of a by an azimuth angle of the Minimum azimuth angle to Heckazimutwinkel defined rear section of the investment area, preferably monotonous, too. By this shaping of the cutting device of the pellet press according to the invention this serves in the downstream of the termination point section for the targeted guidance of the loose pellets, for example, to direct them to further influencing the pellets components. As the distance to the ring die increases, loose pellets are carried away from the ring die to collide advantageously with new pellets not yet separated through the through holes.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse ist ein durch einen Azimutwinkelbereich von Frontazimutwinkel bis zum Minimalazimutwinkel definierter Frontabschnitt des Anlagebereichs kleiner ausgestaltet als ein durch einen Azimutwinkelbereich vom Minimalazimutwinkel bis zum Heckazimutwinkel definierter Heckabschnitt des Anlagebereichs. Durch diese Ausgestaltung wird mit Vorteil erreicht, dass eine möglichst abrupte Verzögerung des Pellets erfolgt, um diesen über einen kurzen winkelbereich abzubremsen und abzutrennen. Auch diese Maßnahme führt mit Vorteil zu einer besonders gleichmäßigen Ausfransung der Bruchkanten, um weniger Feinteile durch das Belasten der Druckkanten bei der Förderung zu erzeugen. Der länger auslaufende Heckbereich dient wiederum zur gezielten Förderung des abgetrennten Pellets.In an advantageous embodiment of the pellet press according to the invention, a front portion of the contact area defined by an azimuth angle range from the front azimuth angle to the minimum azimuth angle is smaller than a rear portion of the contact area defined by an azimuth angle range from the minimum azimuth angle to the rear azimuth angle. With this configuration, it is advantageously achieved that the pellet is decelerated as abruptly as possible in order to decelerate and separate it over a short angular range. This measure also leads advantageously to a particularly uniform fraying of the break edges in order to produce less fines by the loading of the printed edges in the promotion. The longer expiring rear area in turn serves for specific promotion of the separated pellet.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist ein aus der betragsmäßigen Differenz des Abstands der Ablängvorrichtung am Minimalazimutwinkel und des Abstands der Ablängvorrichtung am Frontazimutwinkel einerseits und der betragsmäßigen Differenz im Bogenmaß des Frontazimutwinkels und des Minimalazimutwinkels andererseits gebildeter Quotient größer als ein aus der betragsmäßigen Differenz des Abstands der Ablängvorrichtung am Minimalazimutwinkel und des Abstands der Ablängvorrichtung am Heckazimutwinkel einerseits und der betragsmäßigen Differenz im Bogenmaß des Minimalazimutwinkels und das Heckazimutwinkels andererseits gebildeter Quotient. Gemäß dieser Ausgestaltung ist somit der sich verjüngende Abschnitt der Ablängvorrichtung erfindungsgemäß steiler als der auslaufende Abschnitt, welcher mit abgetrennten Pellets wechselwirkt. Dies hat wiederum den vorzug, dass eine vergleichsweise abrupte Abbremsung des freien Endes der Pellets erfolgt, um ein Stauchbrechen an den Bruchkanten der Pellets zu provozieren. Andererseits ist der weniger steile Auslauf hinter dem minimalen Abstand für eine kontrollierte Führung des abgetrennten Pellets weg von der Austrittsfläche der Ringmatrize optimiert.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention is a from the absolute difference of the distance of the cutting device at the minimum azimuth angle and the Distance of the cutting device at the front azimuth angle on the one hand and the absolute difference in radians of Frontazimutwinkels and the minimum azimuth angle on the other hand formed quotient greater than one of the absolute difference of the distance of the cutter at the minimum azimuth and the distance of the cutter at Heckazimutwinkel one hand, and the absolute difference in radians of the minimum azimuth and the tail azimuth angle, on the other hand, formed quotient. According to this embodiment, therefore, the tapered portion of the cutting device according to the invention is steeper than the outgoing portion which interacts with separated pellets. This in turn has the advantage that a comparatively abrupt deceleration of the free end of the pellets takes place in order to provoke a crushing break at the break edges of the pellets. On the other hand, the less steep spout beyond the minimum distance is optimized for controlled guidance of the separated pellet away from the exit face of the ring die.
wenn in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der Erfindung die Ablängvorrichtung im Bereich der Pressmittel angeordnet ist, wobei vorzugsweise die Pressmittel zumindest einen Koller umfassen, der zu der Ringmatrize exzentrisch angeordnet ist und sich an deren Innenumfang abzurollen vermag, wird das Staubrechen durch die Durchgangsbohrungen hindurchtretender Pellets zusätzlich unterstützt. Denn während sich der Abstand zwischen Ablängvorrichtung und Ringmatrize verringert, unter Erzeugung einer im wesentlichen radial nach innen gerichteten Kraft, bewirken die Pressmittel, insbesondere Koller, eine radial nach außen gerichtete Kraft, die am Pellet angreift.If, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the cutting device is arranged in the region of the pressing means, wherein preferably the pressing means comprise at least one roller, which is arranged eccentrically to the ring die and can roll on its inner circumference, the dust screen is additionally supported by the through holes passing through pellets. Because while the distance between the cutting device and ring die decreases, producing a substantially radially inwardly directed force, the pressing means, in particular Koller, cause a radially outward force acting on the pellet.
vorzugsweise hat in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung der Anlegebereich zumindest in einem Abschnitt vom Frontazimutwinkel bis zum Minimalazimutwinkel eine zur Ringmatrize gegenläufige konvexe Krümmung. Auch diese Maßnahme bewirkt mit vorteil eine zügige Verzögerung des Pellets, was in der Praxis zu einer wesentlich gleichmäßigeren Aufrauhung der Bruchkanten geführt hat, als bei vorbekannten Ablängverfahren.Preferably, in an embodiment of the invention, the landing area at least in a section from the front azimuth angle to the minimum azimuth angle to the ring die opposite convex curvature. This measure also advantageously effects a rapid retardation of the pellet, which in practice has led to a substantially more uniform roughening of the breaklines than in the case of previously known cross-cutting processes.
Gemäß einer besonders vorteilhaften weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse ist bezüglich der bestimmungsgemäßen Rotationsrichtung in Umfangsrichtung, insbesondere in einem umfangsmäßigen Abstand, hinter der Ablenkvorrichtung eine Abbremsvorrichtung mit einem Prallbereich vorgesehen, die an einem feststehenden Gehäuseteil der Pelletpresse derart befestigt ist, dass der Prallbereich im radial äußeren Bereich der drehbar gelagerten Ringmatrize in einem radialen Abstand zu dieser angeordnet ist, wobei sich der Prallbereich in umfangsrichtung der Ringmatrize von einem Frontazimutwinkel bis zu einem bezüglich einer bestimmungsgemäßen Rotationsrichtung der Ringmatrize größeren Heckazimutwinkel erstreckt. Mit vorteil dient die Abbremsvorrichtung bei geeigneter Positionierung im Rahmen der Erfindung zur sachten Abbremsung der losen Pellets. Dabei werden mit vorteil die abgelösten Pellets vom Heckbereich der Ablängvorrichtung auf die Abbremsvorrichtung gerichtet. Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann die Abbremsvorrichtung sich unmittelbar an den Heckabschnitt der Ablenkvorrichtung anschließen oder in einem umfangsmäßigen Abstand von dieser angeordnet sein.According to a particularly advantageous further development of the pellet press according to the invention with respect to the intended direction of rotation in the circumferential direction, in particular at a circumferential distance, provided behind the deflection a braking device with a baffle, which is fixed to a fixed housing part of the pellet press such that the baffle region in the radially outer region the rotatably mounted ring die is arranged at a radial distance therefrom, wherein the impact area in the circumferential direction of the ring die extends from a front azimuth angle to a rear azimuth angle which is greater with respect to an intended direction of rotation of the ring die. Advantageously, the braking device is used with suitable positioning within the scope of the invention for gently braking the loose pellets. In this case, the detached pellets are advantageously directed from the rear region of the cutting device onto the braking device. In the context of the invention, the braking device can connect directly to the rear portion of the deflection or be arranged at a circumferential distance from this.
Ebenfalls ist es im Rahmen der Erfindung möglich, dass die Abbremsvorrichtung mit der Ablängvorrichtung einteilig ausgebildet ist.It is also possible in the context of the invention that the braking device is formed integrally with the cutting device.
Die wirkungsweise der Abbremsvorrichtung der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse entfaltet sich besonders günstig, wenn in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung zumindest ein Abschnitt des Prallbereichs auf einer Tangente des Heckabschnitts des Anlagebereichs liegt. In diesem Falle liegt der Prallbereich auf der Flugbahn der abgelösten Pellets, wie sie durch den Auslaufbereich der Ablängvorrichtung definiert ist.The mode of operation of the braking device of the pellet press according to the invention unfolds particularly favorably if, in an embodiment of the invention, at least a portion of the impact area lies on a tangent of the rear section of the contact area. In this case, the impact area is on the trajectory of the detached pellets, as defined by the outlet area of the cutting device.
In bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist der Abstand des Prallbereichs von der Ringmatrize im wesentlichen konstant über die Ausdehnung in umfangsrichtung des Prallbereichs. wenn die abgetrennten Pellets durch den Heckbereich der Abbremsvorrichtung auf eine Flugbahn, welche sich von der Ringmatrize weg erstreckt, gebracht werden, führt die erfindungsgemäße Krümmung des Prallbereichs der Abbremsvorrichtung konzentrisch zur Ringmatrize zu einer allmählichen Verzögerung des Pellets unter Vermeidung der Entstehung von Feinteilen.In a preferred embodiment, the distance of the impact region from the ring die is substantially constant over the extent in the circumferential direction of the impact region. When the separated pellets are brought to a trajectory extending from the ring die through the rear portion of the deceleration device, the curvature of the impact region of the decelerator of the present invention concentric with the ring die results in a gradual deceleration of the pellet while avoiding the formation of fines.
Die erfindungsgemäße Pelletpresse wird noch verbessert, wenn der Abstand des Prallbereichs zur Ringmatrize in Abhängigkeit des Azimutwinkels variabel ausgestaltet ist. Dann lässt sich erfindungsgemäß eine Verzögerung und/oder Lenkung zum Zwecke des Austragens der Pellets aus der Presse optimiert gestalten.The pellet press according to the invention is further improved if the distance of the impact area from the ring die is variable as a function of the azimuth angle. Then, according to the invention, a delay and / or steering can be optimized for the purpose of discharging the pellets from the press.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist es in vorteilhafter weiterbildung der Erfindung günstig, wenn der Abstand der Abbremsvorrichtung in einem durch einen Azimutwinkelbereich von einem Aufweitungsazimutwinkel bis zum Heckazimutwinkel definierten Heckabschnitt des Prallbereichs, vorzugsweise monoton, zunimmt. Hierdurch kann eine besonders schonende Abbremsung der Pellets erfolgen. Gleichzeitig wird mit Vorteil das abgetrennte Pellet weiter von der Ringmatrize entfernt.In this context, it is favorable in an advantageous development of the invention, when the distance of the braking device in a defined by an azimuth angle range of a widening azimuth angle to Heckazimutwinkel rear portion of the baffle, preferably monotonously increases. This can be done a particularly gentle braking of the pellets. At the same time, the separated pellet is advantageously removed further from the ring die.
Um mit der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse unterschiedliche Pressmaterialien jeweils optimiert behandeln zu können und/oder bei variablen Betriebsbedingungen der Pelletpresse eine Optimierung zu ermöglichen, sind gemäß einer Variante der Erfindung Längenverstellmittel vorgesehen, um den Abstand der Ablängvorrichtung und/oder der Abbremsvorrichtung zu der Ringmatrize zu variieren. Erfindungsgemäß können sowohl separate Längenverstellmittel jeweils für die Ablängvorrichtung und die Abbremsvorrichtung vorgesehen sein. Gleichermaßen kann ein Längenverstellmittel zur gekoppelten Abstandsverstellung sowohl der Ablängvorrichtung als auch der Abbremsvorrichtung vorgesehen sein. Als Längenfeststellmittel kommen alle dem Fachmann bekannten Möglichkeiten, insbesondere Stellschrauben oder dergleichen, in Betracht.In order to be able to optimally treat different press materials with the pellet press according to the invention and / or to enable optimization under variable operating conditions of the pellet press, according to a variant of the invention, length adjustment means are provided to vary the distance between the cutting device and / or the braking device to the ring die. According to the invention, both separate Längenverstellmittel can be provided for the Ablängvorrichtung and the braking device. Similarly, a length adjustment means for coupled distance adjustment of both the cutting device and the braking device may be provided. As a length-locking means are all known in the art options, in particular screws or the like, into consideration.
Die Erfindung wird in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung beispielhaft beschrieben, wobei weitere vorteilhafte Einzelheiten den Figuren der Zeichnung zu entnehmen sind.The invention will be described by way of example in a preferred embodiment with reference to a drawing, wherein further advantageous details are shown in the figures of the drawing.
Funktionsmäßig gleiche Teile sind dabei mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen.Functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals.
Die Figuren der Zeichnung zeigen im Einzelnen:
- Fig. 1:
- Querschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Pelletpresse in bevorzugter Ausgestaltung;
- Fig. 2:
- Einzelheit II der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse gemäß
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 3:
- Detailansicht des Bereichs III gemäß
Fig. 2 der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse gemäßFiguren 1 und2 ; - Fig. 4:
- Detailansicht einer Ablängvorrichtung in Alleinstellung als Bestandteil der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse gemäß
den Figuren 1 ;bis 3 - Fig. 5:
- Detailansicht einer Abbremsvorrichtung in Alleinstellung als Bestandteil der erfindungsgemäßen Pelletpresse gemäß
den Figuren 1 .bis 3
- Fig. 1:
- Cross section through a pellet press according to the invention in a preferred embodiment;
- Fig. 2:
- Detail II of the pellet press according to the invention
Fig. 1 ; - 3:
- Detailed view of area III according to
Fig. 2 the pellet press according to the inventionFIGS. 1 and2 ; - 4:
- Detail view of a cutting device in isolation as part of the pellet press according to the invention according to the
FIGS. 1 to 3 ; - Fig. 5:
- Detail view of a braking device in isolation as part of the pellet press according to the invention according to the
FIGS. 1 to 3 ,
Im Pressraum 4 sind drei Koller 6 exzentrisch zu der Ringmatrize 3 angeordnet. Die Koller 6 vermögen sich am Innenumfang 7 der Ringmatrize 3 in einer weise abzurollen, dass das Pressmaterial 5 zur Bildung von Pellets 8 durch radiale Durchgangsbohrungen 9, die in der Ringmatrize 3 ausgebildet sind, gepresst wird. Die Ringmatrize 3 ist gegenüber einem feststehenden Gehäuse 10 drehbar gelagert.In the
An dem feststehenden Gehäuse 10 ist eine Ablängvorrichtung 11 befestigt. Die Ablängvorrichtung 11 ist derart befestigt, dass sie im radial äußeren Bereich der Ringmatrize 3 in einem radialen Abstand zur Ringmatrize 3 angeordnet ist. Dabei ist die Ablängvorrichtung 11 am Gehäuse 10 in umfangsrichtung der Ringmatrize 3 am Ort mit einem größeren Azimutwinkel bezogen auf die Rotationsachse 2 der Ringmatrize 3 angeordnet als eine Drehachse 12 des Kollers 6.On the fixed
Bezüglich der bestimmungsgemäßen Rotationsrichtung 13 der Ringmatrize 3 in einem umfangsmäßigen Abstand 14 hinter der Ablängvorrichtung 11 ist eine als Prallplatte 15 ausgestaltete Abbremsvorrichtung angeordnet. Die Prallplatte 15 ist dabei an dem festen Gehäuse 10 befestigt. Die zuletzt beschriebenen Aspekte insbesondere hinsichtlich der relativen Anordnung der Ablängvorrichtung 11 und der Prallplatte zueinander sind besonders gut in
Nachfolgend wird insbesondere mit Bezug auf
Das Abstreifblech 11 weist eine zur Ringmatrize 3 gegenläufige konvexe Krümmung auf. Dabei ist die Krümmung so gewählt, dass in einem Bereich von einem Frontazimutwinkel 16 bis zu einem Minimalazimutwinkel 17 der radiale Abstand des Abstreifblechs 11 zum äußeren Bereich der Ringmatrize 3 monoton abnimmt. Der radiale Abstand des Abstreifblechs 11 zum äußeren Bereich der Ringmatrize 3 hat ein Minimum bei dem Minimalazimutwinkel 17. Die Azimutwinkelangaben sind im Sinne eines Polarkoordinatensystems zu verstehen. In
In einem Abschnitt 18 des Abstreifblechs 11, der sich vom Minimalazimutwinkel 17 bis zum Heckazimutwinkel 19 erstreckt, ist die Krümmung derart ausgestaltet, dass der radiale Abstand des Abstreifblechs 11 zum äußeren Bereich der Ringmatrize 3 monoton zunimmt. Die den Abschnitt 18 definierenden Winkel im Polarkoordinatensystem sind in
Insbesondere mit Bezugnahme auf die
In der
Wie in
Besonders gut ist in
Die Funktionsweise der in den
Durch die Rotation der Ringmatrize 3 in Rotationsrichtung 13 werden die Pellets mit ihrem freien Ende gegen die Ablängvorrichtung 11 beziehungsweise das Ablängblech 11 gedrückt. Die Formgebung des Ablängblechs 11 und dessen Anbringung relativ zur Ringmatrize 3 führen dazu, dass in dem Abschnitt vom Frontazimutwinkel 16 bis zum Minimalazimutwinkel 17 die Pellets 8 vergleichsweise abrupt gestaucht werden, bis sie am Punkt des Minimalazimutwinkels 17 an der Bruchkante im Bereich der Ringmatrize 3 abbrechen.By the rotation of the ring die 3 in the direction of
Sodann werden die losen Pellets 8 von dem Abschnitt 18 des Ablängblechs 11, welcher sich vom Minimalazimutwinkel 17 bis zum Heckazimutwinkel 19 erstreckt, derart geleitet, dass sie sich radial von der Ringmatrize 3 entfernen.Then, the
Im Heckabschnitt 24 des Ablenkblechs 11 verlassen die abgetrennten Pellets 8 das Abbängblechs 11 in Richtung der Tangente 25 und prallen nach Durchlaufen des umfangmäßigen Abstands 14 zwischen Ablängblech 11 und Prallplatte 15 auf die Prallplatte 15. Dort werden sie von der Prallplatte 15 in dem Abschnitt vom Frontazimutwinkel 20 bis zur Aufweitung des Azimutwinkels 21 in gleich bleibendem Abstand zur Ringmatrize 3 geführt und auf diese weise abgebremst.In the
Bei Erreichen des Aufweitungsazimutwinkels 21 auf der Prallplatte 15 erfolgt eine weitere Verzögerung, die jedoch geringer ist, da die Pellets 8 gleichzeitig radial weiter von der Ringmatrize 3 weggeleitet werden.Upon reaching the
Auf diese weise ist eine Pelletpresse vorgeschlagen, welche nach einem Staubruchverfahren Pellets mit enger Längenverteilung und gleichmäßiger Ausfransung der Bruchkanten zu erzeugen vermag, wobei beim weiteren Fördern der Pellets wenige Feinteile entstehen.In this way, a pellet press is proposed, which is able to produce pellets with a narrow length distribution and uniform fraying of the breaklines after a dust-rearing process, with the further conveying of the pellets few fines.
- 11
- Pelletpressepellet Press
- 22
- Rotationsachseaxis of rotation
- 33
- Ringmatrizeannular die
- 44
- PressraumPress room
- 55
- PressmaterialPress material
- 66
- KollerRage
- 77
- Innenumfanginner circumference
- 88th
- Pelletpellet
- 99
- DurchgangsbohrungThrough Hole
- 1010
- Gehäusecasing
- 1111
- AblängvorrichtungCutting device
- 1212
- Drehachseaxis of rotation
- 1313
- Rotationsrichtungdirection of rotation
- 1414
- umfangsmäßiger Abstandcircumferential distance
- 1515
- Prallplatteflapper
- 1616
- FrontazimutwinkelFront azimuth angle
- 1717
- MinimalazimutwinkelMinimum azimuth angle
- 1818
- Abschnittsection
- 1919
- HeckazimutwinkelHeck azimuth angle
- 2020
- Frontazimutwinkel (Prallplatte)Front azimuth angle (baffle plate)
- 2121
- AufweitungsazimutwinkelWidening azimuth angle
- 2222
- HeckazimutwinkelHeck azimuth angle
- 2323
- Heckabschnitt (Prallplatte)Rear section (baffle plate)
- 2424
- Heckabschnitt (Ablängvorrichtung)Rear section (cutting device)
- 2525
- Tangentetangent
Claims (14)
Pressmitteln (6), um das Pressmaterial (5) zur Ausbildung des Pellets (8) durch die Durchgangsbohrungen (9) zu pressen, und zumindest einer einen Anlegebereich für ein über die Ringmatrize (3) in deren Radialrichtung hinausragendes Pellet (8) aufweisenden Ablängvorrichtung (11), die an einem feststehenden Gehäuseteil (10) der Pelletpresse (1) derart befestigt ist, dass der Anlegebereich im radial äußeren Bereich der drehbar gelagerten Ringmatrize (3) in einem radialen Abstand zu dieser angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Anlegebereich in umfangsrichtung der Ringmatrize (3) von einem
Frontazimutwinkel (16) bis zu einem bezüglich einer bestimmungsgemäßen Rotationsrichtung (13) der Ringmatrize (3) größeren Heckazimutwinkel (19) erstreckt, wobei der Abstand zur Ringmatrize (3) in Abhängigkeit des Azimutwinkels (16, 17, 19) variabel ausgestaltet ist.Pellet press (1) for pressing pellets (8) from a press material (5), comprising a rotatable ring die (3) having substantially radial through holes (9) and forming in its interior a pressing space (4) into which Pressing material (5) can be supplied,
Pressing means (6) for pressing the pressing material (5) to form the pellet (8) through the through-holes (9), and at least one cutting-off device for a pellet (8) projecting over the ring die (3) in the radial direction thereof (11) which is fixed to a fixed housing part (10) of the pellet press (1) such that the application area in the radially outer region of the rotatably mounted ring matrix (3) is arranged at a radial distance to the latter, characterized in that the Mooring area in the circumferential direction of the ring die (3) of a
Frontazimutwinkel (16) extends up to a respect to a designated direction of rotation (13) of the ring die (3) larger Heckazimutwinkel (19), wherein the distance to the ring die (3) in dependence of the azimuth angle (16, 17, 19) is designed variable.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102016201579.6A DE102016201579B4 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2016-02-02 | pellet mill |
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EP3202562A1 true EP3202562A1 (en) | 2017-08-09 |
EP3202562B1 EP3202562B1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP17154278.0A Active EP3202562B1 (en) | 2016-02-02 | 2017-02-01 | Pellet press |
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EP (1) | EP3202562B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE202016008485U1 (en) |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE475674A (en) * | ||||
US2252900A (en) * | 1940-09-21 | 1941-08-19 | Edgar N Meakin | Pellet forming apparatus |
FR1115893A (en) * | 1954-12-17 | 1956-04-30 | Rotary agglomeration press with motorized roller | |
US3517488A (en) * | 1967-07-03 | 1970-06-30 | Massey Ferguson Services Nv | Machine for compacting forage crops |
CN201346867Y (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-11-18 | 辽宁新大地生物能源科技有限公司 | Highly-effective horizontal ring die roll type biomass fuel forming machine |
DE102012104066A1 (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Franz Blieninger | Device for manufacturing and cutting fiber-containing dry pellets, particularly wood pellets, has deflecting perforated sheet arranged downstream die plate, where holes of perforated sheet are arranged congruently to die plate bores |
DE102013111828A1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2014-06-12 | Franz Blieninger | Pellet press with a cutting device for biogenic fibrous pellets |
-
2016
- 2016-02-02 DE DE202016008485.3U patent/DE202016008485U1/en active Active
- 2016-02-02 DE DE102016201579.6A patent/DE102016201579B4/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-02-01 EP EP17154278.0A patent/EP3202562B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE475674A (en) * | ||||
US2252900A (en) * | 1940-09-21 | 1941-08-19 | Edgar N Meakin | Pellet forming apparatus |
FR1115893A (en) * | 1954-12-17 | 1956-04-30 | Rotary agglomeration press with motorized roller | |
US3517488A (en) * | 1967-07-03 | 1970-06-30 | Massey Ferguson Services Nv | Machine for compacting forage crops |
CN201346867Y (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-11-18 | 辽宁新大地生物能源科技有限公司 | Highly-effective horizontal ring die roll type biomass fuel forming machine |
DE102012104066A1 (en) * | 2012-05-09 | 2013-11-14 | Franz Blieninger | Device for manufacturing and cutting fiber-containing dry pellets, particularly wood pellets, has deflecting perforated sheet arranged downstream die plate, where holes of perforated sheet are arranged congruently to die plate bores |
DE102013111828A1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2014-06-12 | Franz Blieninger | Pellet press with a cutting device for biogenic fibrous pellets |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3202562B1 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
DE102016201579B4 (en) | 2023-08-17 |
DE202016008485U1 (en) | 2018-02-19 |
DE102016201579A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
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