EP3200607A1 - Composition contenant de la stevia rebaudiana bertoni et utilisations de celle-ci - Google Patents

Composition contenant de la stevia rebaudiana bertoni et utilisations de celle-ci

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Publication number
EP3200607A1
EP3200607A1 EP15771663.0A EP15771663A EP3200607A1 EP 3200607 A1 EP3200607 A1 EP 3200607A1 EP 15771663 A EP15771663 A EP 15771663A EP 3200607 A1 EP3200607 A1 EP 3200607A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
animal
dried
composition according
composition
behaviour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP15771663.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mariol Luis SÁNCHEZ-LAFUENTE
Judith González Rubio
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Biolittletec SL
Original Assignee
Biolittletec SL
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Biolittletec SL filed Critical Biolittletec SL
Publication of EP3200607A1 publication Critical patent/EP3200607A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
    • A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of a composition of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni which is in the benefit of the animals themselves, of the animals' manipulators and of the final consumers of the animals or animal related products.
  • a poor animal welfare is manifested by many different signs. Among all of them the so called animal abnormal behaviours are especially relevant. It is also widely accepted that there are significant relationships between the behavioural reactivity of the animals and their sociability, as well as their manipulation by the farmers and personnel in charge.
  • the prevention and/or treatment of animal abnormal behaviours do not only revert on the animal welfare, and quality of the animal products, but it also improves animal sociability and ameliorates and facilitates the handling practices by the farmer, reducing the farmer's risk to be injured during the manipulation of the herd.
  • the concept of high animal welfare includes the prevention and/or treatment of abnormal behaviours.
  • the prevention and/or treatment of abnormal behaviours assure good sociability and improved animals' manipulation, and it also involves increasing the animal products' quality.
  • the quality of animal products has important economic consequences, representing huge yearly economic losses for animal producers and animal products dealers.
  • compositions based on a dried part of the Stevia rebaudiana bertoni plant, disclosed herein has the effect of preventing and/or treating a specific manifestation of poor animal welfare, namely, animal abnormal behaviours.
  • non-human animal includes livestock, working animals, sport animals, laboratory animals, animals present in a zoo and domestic or companion animals, including exotic companion animals.
  • animal product means any material derived from the body of a non-human animal intended for human and non-human consumption.
  • animal products without limitation are fat, flesh, blood, milk, eggs, fur and lesser known products such as isinglass and rennet.
  • composition of the present invention is a natural product, it is safe for the animals and allows the treatment and/or prevention of animal abnormal behaviours by means of natural ingredients, which may eventually be incorporated in the common food/fodder/feed/diet of the animals.
  • food used specifically to feed animals, as well as the corresponding food or feed premix.
  • livestock refers to domesticated animals raised in an agricultural setting to produce commodities such as food, fibre and labour, including poultry or farmed fish.
  • Document WO 2009071277 A1 relates to a composition comprising Stevia extract or its constituents to improve cognitive functions, such as learning, memory, and alertness, as well as relieving psychological pressure, in general.
  • This document discloses the use of an extract of Stevia made from any species of the genus Stevia, including Stevia rebaudiana.
  • extract as used in said document relates to an extract from the whole plant using a solvent.
  • Shiozaki, K. et al. Inhibitory effects of hot water extract of the Stevia stem on the contractile response of the smooth muscle of the guinea pig ileum. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2006, Vol. 70, pages 489- 494) and Matera, S.
  • the present invention discloses the beneficial effects of the herein disclosed compositions and edible products on animal abnormal behaviours, in general. Moreover, the inventors have surprisingly observed the herein disclosed effects in many different animals, including pets and livestock, under real living animal conditions, i.e. intensive productivity conditions. All the previously mentioned state of the art documents are completely silent regarding the benefits of their compositions on animal abnormal behaviours, on which the compositions of the present invention are fully effective.
  • Document EP 2457450 A1 discloses an edible composition having an amount of steviol glycosides comprised between 150 ppm and 3,000 ppm.
  • the composition comprises a mixture of dried solids that is a mixture of the leaves and stems of the Stevia rebaudiana plant, the leaves and stems being in a ratio comprised between 25:75 and 35:65 w/w %. It discloses its use as egg colouring agent and as egg shell hardening agent.
  • the document suggests that said effects are due to an improvement in the health of the hens producing the eggs, due to a reduction of the stress of the hens during the productive system.
  • the document also teaches the use of the edible composition disclosed therein as an animal productivity enhancer.
  • neurochemical level the main substance involved in animal aggression, as a manifestation of animal abnormal behaviours is the serotonin.
  • a first aspect of the present invention relates to a composition based on a dried part of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni for use in the prevention and/or treatment of at least one animal abnormal behaviour.
  • Stevia rebaudiana bertoni is one of the 240 species of the genus Stevia in the family of Asteraceae.
  • Stevia rebaudiana bertoni is a plant from South America tropical origin extensively cultivated around the world (Australia, Canada, India, Mexico, Brazil, Paraguay, Cambodia, etc.), and mainly marketed in
  • the present invention relates to a composition based on a dried part of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni for use in the prevention and/or treatment of at least one animal abnormal behaviour.
  • This aspect can be alternatively formulated as the use of a dried part of the Stevia rebaudiana bertoni plant for the manufacture of a composition to prevent and/or treat at least one animal abnormal behaviour.
  • this may be also alternatively formulated as a method for the prevention and/or treatment of at least one animal abnormal behavior, comprising administering to said animal in need thereof an effective amount of any of the compositions of the present invention.
  • the term "effective amount" as used herein, means an amount of an active agent high enough to deliver the desired benefit, but low enough to avoid serious side effects within the scope of medical judgment.
  • the plant of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni used is from Paraguay.
  • the plant of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni used is from the Amambay mountain chain in Paraguay.
  • the animal is a non-human animal.
  • the non-human animal selected from the group consisting of: livestock animal and companion animal.
  • the non-human animal is selected from the group consisting of: chicken, beef, pig, sheep, cow, hen, horse, donkey, pony, turkey, rabbit, quail, partridge, goat, pheasant, ostrich, duck, dog, cat, an exotic domestic animal and a zoo animal.
  • composition of the present invention is preferably obtained by a process comprising the following steps: a) drying the plant Stevia rebaudiana bertoni at a temperature comprised between 18 °C and 35 °C and, b) separating the leaves from the stems to obtain a dried leaves fraction and a dried stems fraction.
  • composition is based on the dried stems fraction. In another particular embodiment of the present invention, the composition is based on the dried leaves fraction.
  • composition of the invention is obtainable by a process comprising the above steps a) and b) and
  • step c) additionally, comprising a step c), of mixing the dried leaves and the dried stems fractions of the Stevia rebaudiana bertoni plant obtained in step b).
  • the dried leaves and the dried stems fractions of the Stevia rebaudiana bertoni plant obtained in step b) are mixed in a ratio comprised between 25:75 and 35:65 w/w %, to obtain a mixture of dried solids. In a still more particular embodiment, the ratio is 30:70.
  • w/w % means ratio of percentage by weight.
  • composition is based on a mixture of the dried leaves and the dried stems fractions of step c).
  • said mixture has a ratio of dried leaves and dried stems comprised between 25:75 and 35:65 w/w %.
  • the dried stems fraction or the dried leaves fraction or any of the above mixtures of the dried leaves and the dried stems fraction is a solid powder.
  • the above process of the present invention further comprises a step d), of grinding the dried leaves fraction, or grinding dried stems fraction, or grinding both the dried leaves and the dried stems fractions of step c), to obtain a powder with the desired particle size average.
  • the particle size of any of the powders of the invention is between 10 ⁇ and 10.0 mm. Still more particular ranges are from 10 m to 5.0 mm.
  • the expression “based on” is to be understood as encompassing all the possible formulations which, either contains a dried part of the plant Stevia rebaudiana bertoni as such, or an extract obtained from it, namely, and without limitation, a solution, emulsion or suspension, such as beverages, pastes and oily suspensions.
  • extract is intended to be used broadly, encompassing extracts made by conventional means, acceptable for use for animal and/or human consumption.
  • the solvent to be employed for its preparation should be approved by the various regulatory agencies for the intended use.
  • the composition according to the invention is also suitable to be used as an edible product.
  • a second aspect of the present invention is an edible product comprising an effective amount of any of the compositions of the present invention for use to prevent and/or treat at least one abnormal behaviour.
  • the edible product comprises an effective amount of a solid mixture of the dried leaves and dried stems of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni, and at least one edible acceptable ingredient.
  • the above edible product may be obtained by the process as defined above, further comprising the step of mixing the dried leaves or the dried stems fractions of step b), or the mixture of step c) or the solid powder of step d) with at least one edible acceptable ingredient to form an edible product.
  • the composition of the invention in the forms described above is in an amount, in respect of the edible product, between 0.014 and 0.5 w/w %. In another particular embodiment, the amount is between 0.028 and 0.5 w/w %. In another particular embodiment, the amount is between 0.014 and 0.2 w/w %, which is preferably used for the prevention of animal abnormal behaviours. In another particular embodiment, the amount is between 0.2 and 0.3 w/w %, which is preferably used for the treatment of animal abnormal behaviours.
  • the final concentration of steviol glycosides comprised in the edible product of the invention is between 75 parts per million (ppm) and 3.000 ppm with respect to the total weight of the edible composition.
  • the edible product comprises the appropriate amount of the dried parts of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni that yields the amount of steviol glycoside previously indicated.
  • an "amount of steviol glycosides” means mixtures of steviol glycosides, namely mixtures of stevioside, rebaudiosides A, B, C, D, E and F, dulcoside A, steviolbioside, and
  • the diterpene known as steviol is the aglycone of stevia's glycosides, which are constructed by replacing steviol's carboxyl hydrogen atom (at the bottom left of the compound of formula I) with glucose to form an ester, and replacing the hydroxyl hydrogen (at the top of the compound of formula I) with combinations of glucose and rhamnose to form an acetal.
  • the edible composition comprises a mixture of rebaudioside A, stevioside, rebaudioside F, rebaudioside C, dulcoside A, an isolated non-identified compound with molecular weight of 804 g/mol; MW804, rubusoside and rebaudioside B.
  • composition of the invention can be included in a variety of edible products.
  • edible product is used herein in its broadest meaning, including any type of product, in any form of presentation, which can be ingested by an animal, including a human; i.e. a product that is
  • the edible product includes the proteins, vitamins, fat, salts, amino acids, and cellulose usually present in these types of compositions. Variation of the percentages and components may exist depending on the final consumer. Selection of the edible acceptable
  • ingredient(s) and the most appropriate methods for formulation in view of the particular purpose of the composition is within the scope of ordinary persons skilled in the art of food technology.
  • the edible product of the invention may be formulated as a powder or a liquid (i.e. a liquid infusion of the powder or a solution of the powder) to be used as food additive, or as nutritional supplement, or as fodder.
  • a food additive it may be added to any previously processed feed or liquid, such as milk, vitamin-enriched water, fruit juices, and even be mixed with drug formulations.
  • the edible product may also be itself a processed food, in particular a fodder or a nutritional supplement.
  • the nutritional supplements comprising the edible product of the invention include all those essential ingredients useful for providing the nutrients, such as vitamins, minerals, fibre, fatty acids, or amino acids, that may be missing or may not be consumed in sufficient quantity in a diet.
  • the edible product does not prejudice with the supply of all other components.
  • the edible product of the invention is a fodder.
  • the fodder is the mixture containing the edible product of the invention, and including common ingredients of this type of compositions, such as hay, straw, silage, compressed and pelleted feeds, oils and mixed rations, molasses and also sprouted grains and legumes.
  • animal abnormal behaviour covers any undesirable and strange-looking behaviour.
  • non-human animals they include stereotype and social instability.
  • a non-human abnormal behaviour is developed in anxious and/or uncomfortable animals in response to conflict situations due to, and without limitation, feed deprivation, movement and activity restriction, frustration and/or impossibility of escaping.
  • abnormal repetitive behaviour also known as ARB
  • non-human animal stereotypes are, without limitation: (1 ) oral/oro-nasal ARBs, typically in ungulates, cattle, horses, pigs, sheep and their wild relatives; (2) locomotor ARBs like pacing, typically in carnivores; and (3) self-harm and over-grooming or self-licking/chewing in pet/companion animals, like parrots and cats.
  • Vacuum chewing and bar biting are typically observed in sows confined in stalls or tether systems.
  • the expression "vacuum chewing” means an innate, fixed action pattern of animal behaviour that is performed in the absence of external stimuli, namely with no substrate in their mouth.
  • bar biting is to be understood a behaviour pattern wherein the animals open their mouths wide and grasp the rail at head height, moving then their heads from side to side with the rail pressed.
  • Displacement behaviour is usually thought of as self-grooming, touching, or scratching, which is displayed when an animal has a conflict between two drives, such as the desire to approach an object, while at the same time being fearful of that object. Displacement behaviours are linked with high anxiety levels (Maestripieri, de D. et ai, A modest proposal: displacement activities as an indicator of emotions in primates. Anim. Behav. 1992, Vol. 44, pages 967-979).
  • any of the compositions and edible products of the invention is used to treat and/or prevent a non-human animal stereotype selected form the group consisting of: vacuum chewing, bar biting and displacement behaviour.
  • the displacement behaviour is psychological over-grooming.
  • animal abnormal behaviours animal social instability is also relevant.
  • groups may be temporary (for breeding, hibernation, or migration) or permanent, wherein the aggregation may be associated with the search for food, protection against enemies, mutual heating, etc.
  • Social aggression in the case of pets and livestock animals can take a variety of forms, which may be expressed physically or communicated verbally or non-verbally.
  • defensive aggression far-induced
  • dominance aggression inter-male aggression
  • resident-intruder aggression maternal aggression
  • species-specific aggression sex-related aggression
  • territorial aggression isolation-induced aggression
  • irritable aggression and brain- stimulation-induced aggression (hypothalamus).
  • compositions of the present invention are used to treat and/or prevent social instability.
  • compositions of the present invention are used to treat and/or prevent social aggression and/or territorial aggression.
  • the non-human animal social and/or territorial aggression is manifested at least by one of the forms selected from the group consisting of: mounting behaviour, animal feather pecking, cannibalism and tail and ear biting.
  • the expressions "mounting behaviour” and "bullying” are used indistinctively. Said expressions describe the situation when a male animal mounts another male animal. This is typical, without limitation, in unfamiliar male calves housed in a group, which is usually classified as a social aggression or a territorial behaviour in order to establish a social dominance and a hierarchy in a housed herd.
  • the incidence of mounting behaviour implies a reduction in the time that the animal dedicates to chew, which involves an increased predisposition to suffer ruminal acidosis.
  • ruminal acidosis is to be understood as an abnormal increase in the acidity of the body's fluids, caused either by accumulation of acids or by depletion of bicarbonates.
  • Feather pecking is to be understood the situation wherein one bird repeatedly pecks another. Feather pecking is usually followed by pecking the body, toes, tail and especially the vent area.
  • Feather pecking can end up in serious bleeding and trauma of the skin, and eventually induce cannibalism and death. Outbreaks of feather pecking and cannibalism can occur in all types of housing systems including, without limitation, cages, floor pens, aviaries, outdoor, free-large flocks. Outbreaks also occur among different types of poultry, i.e., and without limitation, hens, chickens, ducks, turkeys, pheasants, quails and ostriches. Feather pecking and cannibalism are caused by a combination of genetic and environment factors, related to dominance relationships and formation of the dominance hierarchy.
  • tail and ear biting refers to an abnormal behaviour characterized by one pig's dental manipulation of another pig's tail and pig's ear, respectively. Tail and ear biting can become obsessive behaviours very quickly. The causes of tail and ear biting are difficult to identify.
  • compositions of the present invention when used to prevent and/or treat non-human animal abnormal behaviours, facilitates animal's manipulation.
  • the animal abnormal behaviours hinder the animals' handling by the farmer and/or veterinarian.
  • the animal social aggression is reduced.
  • animals are less intensive with a specific behaviour and do not feel bothered or inconvenienced when there is an intervention by the farmer or veterinarian.
  • the presence of non-human animal abnormal behaviours, and especially social aggression results in the physical damage to the animal.
  • the animal pain and discomfort is reduced, and with that its irritability. Consequently, animals are more lively, interactive and curious, and do not respond with fear to the human presence, improving their handling.
  • Non-human animal abnormal behaviour as well as social instability results in huge economic losses in the animal product industry.
  • the main causes therefore being, without limitation, reduced weight gain, high animal mortality rate, culling and carcass condemnation and increased on-farm veterinary treatment.
  • the final animal product is graded as lower quality product due to the presence of damages in the meat product. For instance, chicken fluttering in pre-slaughtering and during slaughtering, causes carcass damages like broken wings and injured breasts, which means that will be sold as lower quality product.
  • compositions or the edible products of the present invention when used for the prevention and/or treatment of non-human animal abnormal behaviour, such as bullying, cannibalism and feather pecking, it reduces or avoids important economic losses indirectly related to said abnormal behaviours.
  • non-human abnormal behaviours spread quickly throughout the animals and are very difficult to control and reverse.
  • feather pecking is a common cause of mortality in pheasant's farm because they are animals with competitive and territorial behaviour and with important dominant hierarchy, such as the pheasants.
  • Another abnormal behaviour related with physical aggression between non- human animals, which also represents significant economic costs, is tail and ear biting in intensive pig production systems.
  • the expression "dark cutting meat” is to be understood, as a quality defect where the meat is darker and drier than normal, reducing its life of being fit for consumption.
  • Animal bullying also involves a decrease in fodder intake by sow, and consequently reduction in milk production, which has negative consequences in the growth and health of suckling piglets, with higher sensitivity to bacterial, viral or parasite infections. In the worst case, animal bullying implicates less maternal instinct in sow, and consequently crushing of piglets by mother sow.
  • the reduction of fodder intake by the sow is also negative by itself because it involves that the time to appear the next estrus cycle (or sexual desire, comprising the recurring physiologic changes that are induced by reproductive hormones in most mammalian therian females) after lactation phase, is longer and with minor fertility.
  • the animal meat for consumption when the animal suffers any type of abnormal behaviour, especially those described herein, the meat is characterized by an abnormal colour, consistency, and water holding capacity, making the meat dry and unattractive to consumers.
  • compositions or the edible products of the present invention for use in the prevention and/or treatment of non-human animal abnormal behaviour in order to increase the quality and/or quantity of the animal products.
  • the ingestion of any of the compositions or the edible products of the invention provides many advantages.
  • the increase in the quality of the animal product is manifested by one of the forms selected from the group consisting of:
  • EXAMPLE 1A Edible product to treat mounting behaviour (bullying) in beef production Friesian male calves
  • the aim of this assay was to demonstrate the effect of the invention in the treatment (reduction) of mounting behaviour (bullying), animals' sociability and manipulation by the farmer and veterinarian in Friesian male calves of a single herd.
  • a fodder commonly used for beef production of Friesian male calves was supplemented with the composition of the invention.
  • 2.5 kg of a solid powder of a mixture of dried leaves and dried stems of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni plant from Paraguay (Amambay mountain chain) in a ratio of 30:70 w/w % were incorporated in 1 ,000 kg of a fodder commonly used to feed them.
  • the mixture of dried leaves and dried stems represented 0.25 % by weight of the resulting edible product, wherein the edible product, in all the Examples, was the mixture of the fodder and a solid powder of a mixture of dried leaves and dried stems.
  • the above edible product was given to 150 Friesian male calves housed in the same herd, with appropriate salubrity, handling and installation conditions.
  • the average calves' weight was around 380 kg, and the average age was 9 months old.
  • the calves were housed in a barn.
  • the daily intake of the edible product by each calf was approximately 8 kg. Consequently, the daily intake of the composition of the invention by each calf was 20 g, which corresponds to 52.63 mg of composition of the invention per kg of animal weight and per day.
  • Example 1 B Effect of the edible product of the invention in the treatment of mounting behaviour in different farms of beef production with different races of male calves
  • composition of the invention In particular, 3 kg of a solid powder of a mixture of dried leaves and dried stems in a ratio of 30:70 w/w % of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni from Paraguay (Amambay mountain chain), were incorporated in 1 ,000 kg of the commonly used fodder.
  • the mixture of dried leaves and dried stems represented 0.30 % by weight of the resulting edible product.
  • the animals were between 7 and 10 months old when the mounting behaviour began. Their weight was around 300 and 416 kg. The animals were housed in a barn. The daily intake by each animal of the above edible product was 6.5 and 9 kg, depending on the age of the animal. Accordingly, the daily intake of said composition of the invention by each animal was 19.5 and 27 g, respectively, which correspond to 65 mg of composition of the invention per kg of animal weight and per day.
  • the reduction of mounting behaviour with the edible product of the invention resulted in a reduction of bruised and dark cutting meat, and hence, and increase in the quality of the meat.
  • Example 2 Effect of the edible product of the invention in the prevention of feather pecking and cannibalism and improvement of sociability in pheasant production
  • the aim of this assay was to demonstrate the effect of the invention in the prevention of feather pecking and cannibalism in a farm -with appropriate salubrity, handling and installation conditions- of pheasants, type of poultry animal with an extremely high incidence of this type of abnormal behaviour.
  • the pheasants fattened used in this assay showed a high incidence of feather pecking and cannibalism, especially in the tail area, to such an extent that the weekly mortality rate due to said abnormal behaviours was on average 6 %, whereas the mortality rate of pheasant fattened without said abnormal behaviours was 2 %, considered to be the normal rate.
  • the pheasants were fed with the above edible product since they were 1 day old until they were 180 days old, which was the end of the fattening phase. At the end of the assay, the pheasants' weight average was 1 .2 kg.
  • the average daily intake of the edible product by each animal was 85 g.
  • the average daily intake of the composition of the invention by each animal was 85 mg. It corresponds to 70.83 mg of composition of the invention per kg of animal weight and per day.
  • the pheasants fed with the above edible product showed a 60 % reduction in the incidence of feather pecking and cannibalism (which are known to be caused by dominance relationships), in comparison with those pheasants fattened only with the commonly used fodder, both health and fattened under the same farm conditions.
  • the addition of the dried solids of the invention in the commonly used fodder treated the incidence of feather pecking and cannibalism in pheasants, by moderating their strong dominance relationships, and it also reduced the mortality rate.
  • the normal mortality rate in pheasant production is 2 %.
  • the mortality rate in the treated animals before being treated with the above edible product was 6 %. After said treatment, the mortality rate was reduced to 2.18 %, hence, to normal values.
  • the aim of this assay was to demonstrate the effect of the invention to prevent the appearance of stereotypes, in particular vacuum chewing, bar-biting and noisy vocalizations in lactating sows in a farm with appropriate salubrity, handling and installation conditions.
  • a first group, (Group 1 or Control Group) comprising 15 sows (Landrace x Large White), 6 primiparous and 9 multiparous sows, was fed with their habitual fodder, commonly used for lactating sows.
  • a second group comprising 12 sows (Landrace x Large White), 6 primiparous and 6 multiparous sows were fed with the habitual fodder commonly used for lactating sows, the same as that used to feed the animals of Group 1 , but supplemented with the composition of the invention.
  • sows Liandrace x Large White
  • 6 primiparous and 6 multiparous sows were fed with the habitual fodder commonly used for lactating sows, the same as that used to feed the animals of Group 1 , but supplemented with the composition of the invention.
  • the mixture of solid dried leaves and dried stems represented 0.056 % by weight of the resulting edible product.
  • Sows in both groups were individually kept in typical stalls systems for sows and its piglets. There was an individual fodder trough and an individual water trough with ad libitum water in each stall.
  • the animals of Group 2 were fed with the above edible product from the last week of pregnancy (week before birth) up to the lactating phase (28 days), when they were with their piglets, in total during 35 days.
  • the weight average of the sows was 230 Kg.
  • the average daily intake of the above edible product by each animal was 6 kg.
  • the average daily intake of the composition of the invention by each animal was 3.36 g, which corresponds to 14.61 mg of composition of the invention per kg of animal weight and per day.
  • the farmer and veterinarian observed the sows' behaviour during the 35 days of treatment.
  • the sows of Group 2 showed fewer incidences of vacuum chewing, bar-biting and noisy vocalizations when a piglet wanted to suck, in comparison with those of Group 1 or Control Group.
  • 65 % of sows in the Control Group had stereotypies.
  • Example 4 Effect of the edible product of the invention in the prevention of the ear and tail biting stereotype in growing and fattening phase in pig production
  • the aim of this assay was to demonstrate the effect of the invention in the prevention of tail and ear biting in growing and fattening phase.
  • the assay was carried out in 4 different farms with correct salubrity, handling and installations. Each farm had 170 pigs in growing phase (42 days), since they were 29 days old up to 61 days old.
  • the fodder commonly used for pigs in growing phase was supplemented with the composition of the invention.
  • 560 g of a solid powder of a mixture of dried leaves and dried stems of Stevia rebaudiana bertoni from Paraguay (Amambay mountain chain) in a ratio of 30:70 w/w % were incorporated into 1 ,000 kg of the usual fodder.
  • the solid mixture of dried leaves and dried stems represented 0.056 % by weight of the resulting edible product.
  • the same piglets during their fattening phase, lasting 107 days, since they were 62 days up to 169 days old, were fed with the fodder commonly used for pigs in growing phase supplemented with the composition of the invention.
  • the average daily intake of the composition of the invention by each animal in the growing phase was 224 mg, and 1 .12 g in the fattening phase, which corresponds to 1 1 .2 mg per kg of animal weight and per day in the growing phase, and 10.47 mg per kg of animal weight and per day in the fattening phase.
  • the treated animals were compared with those of a control group, comprising the same number of animals (170), of the same race and age, and under the same environmental conditions fed only with their usual feed, i.e. without the composition of the invention.
  • the treated animals, during the growing and fattening phase showed 70 % fewer incidence of ear and tail biting with respect to the animals of the control group. Additionally, the treated animals were more stable and sociable compared to the control group, without obsessive pig biters and without competition and frustration between pigs.
  • piglets of control group were more sensitive in presence to the farmer or veterinarian in the installations or corrals, showing fear and taking longer time until being quiet.
  • the animals of the control group ran, jumped, mounted on other pigs, shouted, etc., in summary, showed an escape reaction. Said reactions were not observed in the animals after treatment.
  • the above edible product prevented the ear and tail biting stereotype in pig production, resulting in a more social and stable group.
  • the edible product reduced frustration and competition between pigs in front of adverse stimuli inherent and unavoidable in intensive pig production.
  • the edible product reduced or modulated the escape reaction of pigs in front of persons, which implies jumping, running, shouting, mounting behaviour inside the corral, etc. Consequently it prevented the negative consequences like bruised carcasses and facilitated the handling by the farmer and veterinarian.
  • Example 5 Effect of the edible product to treat the stereotype of over- grooming in a European shorthair cat The aim of this assay was to demonstrate the effect of the invention to treat an indoor European shorthair cat with psychological over-grooming behaviour.
  • a healthy cat spends between 10-30 % of its time to groom
  • the European cat was a 4 years old healthy male, without infectious or allergic reactions, sterilized, vaccinated and dewormed cat, weighting 5 kg.
  • the cat was living in a flat, exposed during approximately one week to environmental adverse stimuli due to intense removal of furniture.
  • the humid diet commonly used for domestic European shorthair cats was supplemented with the composition of the invention in order to treat the psychological over-grooming.
  • the mixture of the dried leaves and dried stems represented 0.625 % by weight of the resulting edible product.
  • the average daily intake of the above edible product was 80 g. Consequently, the daily intake of the composition of the invention was 500 mg, which corresponds to 100 mg per kg of animal weight and per day.
  • the over-grooming began to reduce.
  • the percentage of daily time dedicated to grooming became normal, below 10 %, as well as the pattern of grooming, with a normal pattern from the head down to the tail, with calm and slow movements.
  • the hair of his abdomen began to grow.
  • the psychological over-grooming was reduced due to a reduction in the sensibility and the emotional reactivity resulting from different changes in the environment. Consequently, the cat was successfully treated with the edible product of the invention, as evidenced by the gradual reduction of the psychological over-grooming, resulting in the prevention of a vicious cycle, and also by avoiding the appearance of abraded skin and serious infections.
  • Example 6 Effect of the edible product of the invention in the reduction of number of broken wings and injured breasts after slaughtering of a Broiler chickens group.
  • the final animal product in poultry is graded as lower quality due to the presence of broken wings and injured breasts, which results in significant economic losses.
  • One of the causes of broken wings and injured breasts is fluttering in pre- slaughtering and during slaughtering. If chicken flutters much there will be more damages and chicken will be sold as lower quality product.
  • a first group (Group 1 or Control Group), comprising 27,250 male and female broiler chickens, 18,750 males and 8,500 females, drank water commonly used from public network.
  • a second group (Group 2 or Treatment Group), comprising 27,000 male and female broiler chickens, 18,880 males and 8,120 females, drank water that was taken from the public network, the same as that used with Group 1 , but supplemented with the composition of the invention in liquid form.
  • the liquid composition was obtained by infusing the mixture of dried leaves and dried stems in hot water, then evaporating the water to get a concentrate composition, and finally filtering the composition.
  • the resulting liquid composition when mixed with the water tank of the farm, represented 0.1 % by weight of the resulting edible product.
  • composition of the invention by each animal was 0.09 ml/Kg/day.
  • group 2 i.e. chickens that drank the above edible product had a 50 % less of number of broken wings, and a 33.33 % less of number of bruised breasts, in comparison with group 1 , without intake of the edible product.

Abstract

Composition à base d'une partie séchée de la plante Stevia rebaudiana bertoni, destinée à être utilisée pour prévenir et/ou traiter au moins un comportement anormal chez un animal. Produit comestible comprenant ladite composition, et au moins un ingrédient acceptable comestible, destiné à être utilisé pour la prévention et/ou le traitement d'au moins un comportement anormal chez un animal.
EP15771663.0A 2014-10-03 2015-10-02 Composition contenant de la stevia rebaudiana bertoni et utilisations de celle-ci Withdrawn EP3200607A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP14382380.5A EP3001911A1 (fr) 2014-10-03 2014-10-03 Composition avec stevia rebaudiana bertoni et ses utilisations
PCT/EP2015/072843 WO2016050969A1 (fr) 2014-10-03 2015-10-02 Composition contenant de la stevia rebaudiana bertoni et utilisations de celle-ci

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EP15771663.0A Withdrawn EP3200607A1 (fr) 2014-10-03 2015-10-02 Composition contenant de la stevia rebaudiana bertoni et utilisations de celle-ci

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JP7105232B2 (ja) * 2016-11-11 2022-07-22 ヒルズ・ペット・ニュートリシャン・インコーポレーテッド ペットフードの組成物及び方法
GB2557247A (en) * 2016-12-01 2018-06-20 Bangor Univ Methods and compositions for improving feed outcomes
CN106938017A (zh) * 2017-03-24 2017-07-11 上林县山水牛畜牧业有限公司 一种防治牛瘤胃积食的组合物及其制备方法

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JPH0713022B2 (ja) * 1991-09-10 1995-02-15 文夫 堂園 家畜用薬剤
US5958419A (en) * 1997-03-31 1999-09-28 Naohiko Sato Antihistaminic substance of stevia origin
JP3404341B2 (ja) * 1999-12-06 2003-05-06 直彦 佐藤 鳥類の卵の破損防止方法
EP2214681B1 (fr) 2007-12-03 2021-10-20 DSM IP Assets B.V. Nouvelles compositions nutraceutiques contenant du steviol et leurs utilisations
ES2632102T3 (es) 2010-11-29 2017-09-08 Biolittletec, S.L. Composición comestible con Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni

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WO2016050969A1 (fr) 2016-04-07

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