EP3196579A1 - Échangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3196579A1
EP3196579A1 EP16206043.8A EP16206043A EP3196579A1 EP 3196579 A1 EP3196579 A1 EP 3196579A1 EP 16206043 A EP16206043 A EP 16206043A EP 3196579 A1 EP3196579 A1 EP 3196579A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
expansion element
heat exchanger
tube
leg
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP16206043.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Geskes
Daniel Schwaderer
Dirk Stadelhofer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP3196579A1 publication Critical patent/EP3196579A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
    • F28F2265/26—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for allowing differential expansion between elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0236—Header boxes; End plates floating elements
    • F28F9/0241—Header boxes; End plates floating elements floating end plates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchanger with a housing and a tube bundle disposed therein with a plurality of axially extending flat tubes according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing such a heat exchanger.
  • Generic heat exchangers are used in modern motor vehicles mainly as so-called exhaust gas cooler to reduce the nitrogen oxide and particulate emissions can.
  • a part of the combustion exhaust gas is branched off in the exhaust manifold and cooled by the heat exchanger.
  • the cooled exhaust gas is admixed with the intake fresh air and supplied to the internal combustion engine for combustion. Due to the comparatively high exhaust gas temperatures of up to 700 ° C, such heat exchangers are exposed to high temperature loads, which, however, must not lead to damage to the heat exchanger even in the long term.
  • the temperature stresses that usually occur during operation of the internal combustion engine and the heat exchanger can even increase in extreme cases, for example, at high power of the internal combustion engine and at the same time insufficient coolant supply of the heat exchanger.
  • the exhaust-carrying flat tubes in the heat exchanger can greatly expand and deform, in particular even bend, provided that they can not stretch in the longitudinal direction. Such deformations lead in the long term to leaks, which can lead to a coolant entry into the internal combustion engine and thus to engine damage in the worst case.
  • an exhaust gas heat exchanger is also known, which has a displaceably mounted via a sliding seat tube sheet to compensate for temperature-induced elongation of individual flat tubes.
  • an exhaust gas heat exchanger from the DE 101 57 285 A1 known.
  • the present invention therefore deals with the problem of providing for a heat exchanger of the generic type an improved or at least one alternative embodiment, which in particular overcomes the disadvantages known from the prior art and is also easy to manufacture.
  • the present invention is based on the general idea to store at least one tube plate of a heat exchanger, in particular an exhaust gas cooler, via a specially designed expansion element relative to a housing, said expansion element is designed as a radial spring element and annularly surrounds the tube sheet and at the same time an inner leg, an outer leg and has a meandering intermediate region with at least one and a half Dehnschleifen, so that via the expansion element of the corresponding tube plate on the one hand vibration damping and on the other hand expansions receiving can be stored in the housing and at the same time by a special design of the expansion element this comparatively easily mounted and cohesively with the tube sheet and a housing interior side of the housing can be connected.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention has a housing and a tube bundle arranged thereon with a plurality of flat tubes extending in the axial direction, which are held in the tubesheets on the longitudinal end in passages designed to be complementary thereto.
  • One of these tube sheets is connected to the housing via the expansion element according to the invention.
  • the expansion element surrounds the tubesheet annular and also has an inner leg, an outer leg and the meandering intermediate region with at least one and a half stretch loops. The expansion element is clamped in the installed state with the inner leg in the radial direction against the tube sheet and with the outer leg in the radial direction against the housing inner side of the housing, wherein the inner leg and the outer leg are also arranged on the same side of the intermediate region.
  • the inner leg and the outer leg thus point in the same direction and are arranged at a longitudinal end opposite the intermediate region of the expansion element. Preferably, these are also at the same axial height and are arranged at least in the installed state substantially parallel to each other. This allows for the installation of the heat exchanger according to the invention, a simple insertion of the annular expansion element in existing between the tube sheet and the housing inner side annular space, to move the inner leg and the outer leg elastically moved towards each other and thereby cause a self-fixing bracing of the tube sheet in the housing.
  • connection points namely a first connection point between the inner leg and the tube bottom and a second connection point between the outer leg and the housing inner side of the housing are slightly from the outside accessible, so that here a material connection, for example by welding, is easily possible from the outside.
  • a soldering done in which case the prefabricated heat exchanger with housing and clamped therein over the expansion element tube plate or tube bundle is completely placed in a soldering oven and soldered there. Separate bearing frames or holding racks are not required due to the self-fixing effect of the prestressed expansion element.
  • the housing is widened in the region of the expansion element.
  • a stop for the expansion element can be created at the same time, whereby the installation of the same is simplified.
  • the expanded area can be sized larger or smaller. If, for example, a greater expansibility of the expansion element is to be realized, then in its meander-shaped intermediate region it has, for example, 2.5, 3.5 or n + 0.5 strain loops (with n ⁇ N and n ⁇ 1), in which case also usually the flared area has a larger axial extent.
  • a closer bending of the individual stretch loops is conceivable, so that more stretch loops can be arranged at a comparatively low axial height.
  • a component in particular a nozzle or a diffuser, which engages in the widened region of the housing and there via a third connection point cohesively with the outer leg of the expansion element and thus indirectly connected to the housing.
  • a complete prefabrication of the heat exchanger by a simple insertion of the tube bundle into the housing and insertion of the associated expansion element in the widened region of the housing is possible, in addition also pushed the component in the expanded area and then prefabricated assembly materially together is connected, for example, soldered in a soldering oven.
  • the component in particular the nozzle or the diffuser, surrounds the widened region of the housing and, in this case, is directly materially connected to the housing, for example soldered.
  • the inner leg lies flat against the tube bottom and / or the outer leg flat against the inside of the housing. Due to the flat contact a particularly good soldering and thus a particularly high sealing effect can be achieved.
  • the expansion loop and the outer limb of the expansion element are expediently spaced apart in the installed state.
  • Such a distance may for example be less than 2 mm, in particular less than 1 mm, whereby on the one hand a very compact design and on the other hand the spring action of the expansion element in the radial direction can be achieved.
  • the present invention is further based on the idea according to the invention of specifying a particularly simple method for producing the heat exchanger.
  • the flat tubes are first inserted with their longitudinal ends in the corresponding passages of a tube plate, for example, in the passages of both tubesheets.
  • the flat tubes are inserted with the tubesheets in the housing, wherein between at least one of the tube sheets and the housing, the expansion element is inserted such that this braced in the radial direction with the inner leg relative to the tube sheet and with the outer leg relative to a housing inner wall of the housing and thereby Fixed the associated tube sheet.
  • the expansion element is arranged at least in the region of the cold side, wherein of course both tube sheets on such expansion elements with the Housing can be coupled.
  • the flat tubes in the passages, the expansion element are soldered or welded at its inner leg via a first connection point with the tube sheet and its outer leg via a second connection point with the housing inner wall of the housing successively or welded. It is particularly advantageous that both the cohesive connection points at the first and second connection point and the cohesive connection points on the passages with the flat tubes are easily and simply accessible from the outside, whereby a particularly simple production can be achieved.
  • the component in particular the nozzle or the diffuser, inserted into the flared portion of the housing and connected there via the third connection point with the outer limb of the expansion element cohesively, for example, soldered or welded, are.
  • the outer leg of the expansion element is thus clamped between the housing and the component, in particular the nozzle or the diffuser, and integrated there.
  • all joints can also be produced together in a brazing furnace, since the expansion element according to the invention allows due to its special design, a fixation of the tube sheet and thus a fixation of the tube bundle in the housing.
  • a heat exchanger 1 which may be formed, for example, as an exhaust gas cooler, a housing 2 and a tube bundle 3 arranged therein with a plurality of flat tubes 5 extending in the axial direction 4.
  • the flat tubes 5 are held along the longitudinal end in complementary to trained passages 6 in tube sheets 7, wherein according to the Fig. 2 to 5 only one of the two tube plates 7 is shown.
  • the drawn tube sheet 7 is connected via an expansion element 8 on the housing 2.
  • this expansion element 8 surrounds the tube plate 7 annularly, wherein according to the Fig. 2 an octagonal shape of the expansion element 8 is drawn, it being understood, of course, that this may also be round or square or polygonal.
  • the expansion element 8 further has an inner leg 9 (compare in particular the Fig. 4 and 5 In the installed state, the expansion element 8 with the inner leg 9 in the radial direction 13 inwardly against the tube sheet 7 and with the outer leg 10 in the radial direction 13 outwardly against a housing inner side of the housing 2 biased.
  • the inner leg 9 and the outer leg are arranged on the same side of the intermediate region 11 and in particular at the same axial height and at least substantially parallel to each other. Due to the inventive design of the expansion element 8 this is on the one hand able to compensate for temperature-related elongations of the tube bundle 3 and thus an axial displacement of the tube plate 7, as for example according to the Fig.
  • expansion element 8 causes by a radially resilient effect a mechanical prefixing the tube plate 7 and also the tube bundle 3 in the housing 2, whereby the production can be significantly simplified.
  • the expansion element 8 is preferably formed as a sheet metal expansion element and may consist of several, preferably also two components 22, 23, in particular rings, which are connected to one another by laser welding or soldering at a fourth connection point 24. In this case, the expansion element is therefore assembled from several individual parts.
  • the sheet metal expansion element or in general the expansion element 8 may also consist of a formed sheet metal ring with a wall thickness of up to 1.5 mm, preferably with a plate thickness less than 1 mm and ideally even with a plate thickness in a range between 0.5 and 0.8 mm consist.
  • the at least one and a half stretch loops 12 make it possible, on the one hand, for the inner leg 9 to rest on the tube bottom 7 and the outer leg 10 on the housing 2 and, on the other hand, for a temperature-induced change in length to be easily compensated via the meander-shaped intermediate region 11.
  • the expansion element 8 according to the invention can also have more than the at least required one and a half stretch loops 12, in particular if, for example, greater temperature expansions in the axial direction 4 have to be accommodated.
  • the housing 2 is widened in the region 14 of the expansion element 8, whereby a trouble-free recording of the expansion element 8 can be ensured.
  • the inner leg 9 is connected via a first connection point 16 cohesively with the tubesheet 7, in particular a raised edge 17 thereof connected while the outer leg 10 is connected via a second connection point 18 cohesively with a housing inner side of the housing 2.
  • the expansion element 8 is inventively designed such that both the first and the second connection point 16, 18 can be produced from the outside, in particular from the outside are welded. This is effected in particular in that the meander-shaped intermediate region 11 always has n + 0.5 strain loops 12 (with n ⁇ N and n ⁇ 1).
  • the component 15 engages in accordance with the Fig. 1 and 3 and 4 in the flared portion 14 of the housing 2 and is there connected via a third connection point 19 with the outer leg 10 of the expansion element 8.
  • the outer leg 10 of the expansion element 8 is thus arranged between the component 15, in particular the nozzle or the diffuser, and the housing 2, in particular clamped.
  • connection point 16, 18 and 19 are / is the inner leg 9 surface on the tube sheet 7, that is, in particular at its erected edge 17, and the Outer leg 10 flat on the housing 2, that is on an inner wall of the same.
  • the expansion loop 12 and the expansion loops 12 and the outer leg 10 of the expansion element 8 are spaced apart, wherein such a distance, for example, less than 2 mm, preferably even less than 1 mm, since then the expansion element 8 optionally supported on the housing 2 can.
  • Both the flat tubes 5 in the passages 6 and the first, second and third connection points 16, 18 and 19 can be soldered or welded, wherein the expansion element 8 according to the invention at least one accessibility from the outside to the first and second connection point 16, 18 offers.
  • the expansion element 8 With the expansion element 8 according to the invention and the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention, in particular the risk of leakage between a coolant 20 and exhaust 21 can be reliably excluded, the expansion element 8 also offers a high elasticity and flexibility. In addition, the expansion element 8 allows a high vibration resistance, since this is supported directly on the housing 2, but at the same time supports the pipe bottom coupled thereto 7 and above the tube bundle 3 vibration damping in the housing 2.
  • the expansion element 8 according to the invention is suitable for all types of tubes and cross-sectional shapes and also allows an extremely compact design. Since all welding / soldering seams at the associated connection points 16, 18, 19 and in the passages 6 are easily accessible from the outside, beyond a simple manufacturability can be ensured.
  • the expansion element 8 also allows a particularly effective compensation of temperature-related elongations.
  • Such an expansion element 8 is usually arranged on a cold side of the exhaust gas cooler (output side) or of the heat exchanger 1, but can of course also be arranged on the hot side. On the hot side, the exhaust gas 21 flows into the heat exchanger 1.
  • the heat exchanger 1 in the embodiment of the heat exchanger 1 according to the Figures 6a and 6b consists of the expansion element 8 of three components 22, 23 and 25, in particular of sheet metal parts which are materially interconnected:
  • the component 23 is formed as an L-shaped deep-drawn, formed during the component 22 as an I-shaped intermediate part and at the outer end with the component 23 connected is.
  • the third component 25 is likewise designed as an L-shaped deep-drawn part and connected to the I-shaped intermediate part (component 22) at the inner end.
  • the thus constructed expansion element 8 deforms at axial (occurring in the tube direction) elongation of the flat tubes 5 and thereby reduces the stresses at the critical points (pipe-floor connection).
  • the number of I-shaped intermediate parts (components 22) can be increased and thus be greater than one.
  • the connection at the joints 24 may be, for example, a soldered or welded joint.
  • the intermediate part (component 22) at FIG. 7 In contrast to FIG. 6 is the intermediate part (component 22) at FIG. 7 not even, but has between its two flat ends (inside and outside) in the middle of an oblique shape.
  • This form of joining with the L-shaped parts (components 23 and 25) is easier to realize because the joints to be produced 24 are not in a plane.
  • compressions (negative expansions of the tubes 5) can be absorbed better with this solution, since the individual components 22, 23 25 in this case do not abut each other so quickly. Again, it is possible to increase the number of intermediate parts (components 22) in order to increase the strain potential.
  • the heat exchanger 1 is produced by first inserting the flat tubes 5 into the associated passages 6 of the tubesheet 7. Subsequently, the flat tubes 5 are inserted with the tube plate 7 and thus the entire tube bundle 3 in the housing 2. Now, the expansion element 8 is inserted between the tube sheet 7 and the housing 2 such that this is supported in the radial direction 13 with the inner leg 9 relative to the tube sheet 7 and with the outer leg 10 against the housing 2. In this way, a mechanical prefixing of the thus prefabricated heat exchanger 1 can be achieved, whereupon the individual connection points 16 and 18 and the flat tubes 5 are soldered or welded in the passages 6 can be.
  • soldering frames or holding frames which were previously required in soldering ovens can be dispensed with, with the production also being simplified and cheaper.
  • the component 15 is also inserted into the widened region 14 of the housing 2 and connected there via the third connection point 19 with the outer leg 10 and / or the housing 2 cohesively, for example, soldered or welded, in a soldering this also together with the soldering the first and second connection point 16, 18 and the soldering of the flat tubes 5 in the passages 6 can take place.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP16206043.8A 2016-01-19 2016-12-22 Échangeur de chaleur Withdrawn EP3196579A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016200634.7A DE102016200634A1 (de) 2016-01-19 2016-01-19 Wärmeübertrager

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3196579A1 true EP3196579A1 (fr) 2017-07-26

Family

ID=57588865

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16206043.8A Withdrawn EP3196579A1 (fr) 2016-01-19 2016-12-22 Échangeur de chaleur

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP3196579A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016200634A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3454001A1 (fr) * 2017-09-06 2019-03-13 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Échangeur thermique compact

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018215888A1 (de) * 2018-09-19 2020-03-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verdichter

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE41206C (de) * ABSCHNEIDER in Magdeburg Verbindung zwischen Rohrboden und Mantel bei Röhrenvorwärmern
US2468903A (en) 1945-09-22 1949-05-03 Tech Studien Ag Vertical tubular heat exchanger
WO1991015728A1 (fr) * 1988-10-05 1991-10-17 Sune Malm Plaque tubulaire non chargee pour echangeur thermique
WO2002018758A2 (fr) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-07 Honeywell International Inc. Echangeur de chaleur pourvu d'un joint d'etancheite de derivation permettant une expansion thermique differentielle
DE10157285A1 (de) 2001-11-22 2003-06-05 Behr Gmbh & Co Abgaswärmeübertrager
DE10218521A1 (de) 2002-04-25 2003-11-06 Behr Gmbh & Co Abgaswärmeübertrager, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE102005037156A1 (de) * 2005-08-06 2007-02-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Wärmetauscher
WO2007082774A2 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Échangeur de chaleur
EP1903207A1 (fr) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-26 Modine Manufacturing Company Echangeur thermique en particulier échangeur thermique de gaz d'échappement
EP2851548A1 (fr) 2012-05-15 2015-03-25 Zhejiang Yinlun Machinery Co., Ltd. Structure d'extrémité d'admission de gaz d'échappement de refroidisseur d'egr

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20100968U1 (de) * 2001-01-18 2001-06-07 Lamitref Ind N V Abgaskühler für staubbeladene gasförmige Medien

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE41206C (de) * ABSCHNEIDER in Magdeburg Verbindung zwischen Rohrboden und Mantel bei Röhrenvorwärmern
US2468903A (en) 1945-09-22 1949-05-03 Tech Studien Ag Vertical tubular heat exchanger
WO1991015728A1 (fr) * 1988-10-05 1991-10-17 Sune Malm Plaque tubulaire non chargee pour echangeur thermique
WO2002018758A2 (fr) * 2000-08-31 2002-03-07 Honeywell International Inc. Echangeur de chaleur pourvu d'un joint d'etancheite de derivation permettant une expansion thermique differentielle
DE10157285A1 (de) 2001-11-22 2003-06-05 Behr Gmbh & Co Abgaswärmeübertrager
DE10218521A1 (de) 2002-04-25 2003-11-06 Behr Gmbh & Co Abgaswärmeübertrager, insbesondere für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE102005037156A1 (de) * 2005-08-06 2007-02-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Wärmetauscher
WO2007082774A2 (fr) * 2006-01-23 2007-07-26 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Échangeur de chaleur
EP1903207A1 (fr) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-26 Modine Manufacturing Company Echangeur thermique en particulier échangeur thermique de gaz d'échappement
EP2851548A1 (fr) 2012-05-15 2015-03-25 Zhejiang Yinlun Machinery Co., Ltd. Structure d'extrémité d'admission de gaz d'échappement de refroidisseur d'egr

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3454001A1 (fr) * 2017-09-06 2019-03-13 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Échangeur thermique compact
US11262143B2 (en) 2017-09-06 2022-03-01 Borgwarner Emissions Systems Spain, S.L.U. Compact heat exchanger

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