EP3196045B1 - Optically variable element with magnetically orientable pigment - Google Patents
Optically variable element with magnetically orientable pigment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3196045B1 EP3196045B1 EP17000096.2A EP17000096A EP3196045B1 EP 3196045 B1 EP3196045 B1 EP 3196045B1 EP 17000096 A EP17000096 A EP 17000096A EP 3196045 B1 EP3196045 B1 EP 3196045B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- optically variable
- magnetically
- pigments
- variable element
- pigment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/369—Magnetised or magnetisable materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
- B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
- B42D25/378—Special inks
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optically variable element for arrangement on a data carrier, in particular valuable article such as value document and a data carrier with an optically variable security element.
- Optically variable elements are used for design purposes, but also in one and / or as an authenticity feature.
- Such authenticity feature also referred to as security feature, for example, a special optical reproduction depending on the viewing angle, such.
- security feature for example, a special optical reproduction depending on the viewing angle, such.
- hologram As a hologram.
- changes in the optical reproduction or the visual impression due to changed physical or chemical conditions and environmental influences are conceivable, for example due to thermal influence.
- a variable optical reproduction due to magnetic loading is known.
- Previous optically variable elements which are known due to magnetic loading comprise a platelet-shaped optically variable magnetite-coated pigment encapsulated in a capsule with an enveloping liquid.
- a cloudy or inconsistent color impression is visible as a function of the positions of the optically variable pigments in the capsule.
- these platelets align according to the magnetic field lines.
- the slight change in position of the platelet-shaped magnetically orientable pigments inevitably leads to low optical contrasts.
- the platelet-shaped coated pigment in the capsule can get stuck.
- a core-shell particle filled with ferrofluid is known.
- solid non-magnetic particles of a first color and magnetic particles of a second color are incorporated.
- the ferrofluid and the magnetic particles are attracted to it, and the ferrofluid and magnetic particles displace the non-magnetic particles.
- the non-magnetic particles are then on the opposite side of the magnetic particles.
- the object is achieved by an optically variable element for arrangement on a data carrier.
- the optically variable element comprises at least two magnetically alignable pigments with a first color.
- the optically variable element comprises one, preferably a plurality of magnetically non-alignable pigments having a second color.
- the magnetically orientable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are enveloped, preferably in a carrier liquid, arranged in a capsule.
- the magnetically alignable pigments also comprise means for spacing them from the other pigments, in particular magnetically alignable pigments.
- the magnetically non-alignable pigment is substantially non-magnetic.
- the material of the magnetically occidentalausrichtbaren pigment are formed of non-magnetic material.
- the material of the magnetically non-alignable pigment can be formed of magnetic material, but be such that it does not align in a magnetic field. This is the case, for example, when a magnetic coating and / or a core (part of the pigment) is very small in relation to the nonmagnetic pigment part.
- the magnetically alignable pigment comprises a magnetic material.
- the magnetic material has at least in the presence of a magnetic Field a magnetic moment and is magnetically formed in this state.
- the magnetically orientable pigment is oriented along the magnetic field lines with respect to its north-south orientation.
- the magnetically orientable pigment has superparamagnetic properties. That is, the magnetically alignable pigment has no or a very small magnetic moment in the absence of a magnetic field, so that the magnetically alignable pigment is preferably not formed magnetically.
- the alignment of an element in a magnetic field is understood to mean both an orientation and a positioning corresponding to the magnetic field.
- the orientation is an arrangement in north-south direction along the magnetic field lines due to the magnetic moment.
- Positioning is characterized by a location-related reference, for example a change of location and / or the taking of a location position.
- an optically variable element with which the magnetically alignable pigments are aligned in the magnetic field.
- the magnetically orientable pigments with the first coloring are oriented by the magnetic field in the direction of the magnetic field lines and in particular are positioned toward the magnetic field source. For example, they are both attracted to a magnet and aligned in the direction of the magnet.
- the magnetically alignable pigments cluster or accumulate on the side of the capsule corresponding to the magnetic field source.
- the magnetically non-alignable pigment is predominantly arranged on the side by the positioning of the magnetically alignable pigments in the optically variable element opposite the magnet.
- the magnetically alignable pigments align with the side toward the magnetic field source and substantially displace the magnetically non-orientable pigments substantially to the opposite side of the magnetic field source. Even after removal of the magnetic field source, the orientation of the magnetically alignable pigments and magnetically non-alignable pigments is substantially maintained. If the view is unchanged, the first color is now visible.
- a data carrier in the sense of the invention is fundamentally to be understood as an object for the reproduction of information, in particular a value document.
- value documents are understood leaf-shaped objects that represent, for example, a monetary value or an authorization and therefore can not be produced arbitrarily by unauthorized persons should. They therefore have features which are not easy to produce, in particular to be copied, and whose presence is an indication of the authenticity, ie the production by an authorized agency.
- Important examples of such value documents are chip cards, coupons, vouchers, checks and in particular banknotes.
- the data carrier it is intended in particular to visually reproduce information which is of particular value and is preferably to be provided with an authenticity feature or security element.
- the security element can be at least part of the information.
- the first and / or second coloring can be formed by means of a pigmentation.
- the pigmentation may include luminescent properties and, for example, emit light with wavelengths in the visible spectrum.
- the pigmentation may have an emission of light in the infrared or ultraviolet spectrum.
- the pigmentation can absorb light in the UV, Vis, and / or IR range.
- the pigmentation can absorb light in the longer wavelength range and / or emit in the shorter wavelength range of the spectrum (anti-Stokes).
- the first color differs from the second color, so that the first color gives a first color impression and the second color a second color impression.
- the first and second colors have a high (color) contrast to each other.
- the first and / or second colors preferably have a different region of the light spectrum.
- the magnetically alignable pigment and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are encapsulated together in the optically variable capsule.
- the optically variable element comprises a capsule in which in a carrier fluid, preferably a carrier liquid, the magnetizable pigment and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are arranged.
- the magnetically alignable pigment comprises magnetite, in particular nanomagnetite.
- the nanomagnetite comprises a plurality of nano-base particles, in particular aggregated non-ordered nanomagnetites. That is, the magnetically-alignable pigment has a plurality of nano-base particles which are arranged on each other, preferably unoriented.
- the nano base particles preferably have an average diameter of 6 to 8 nm.
- the magnetically alignable pigment can thus be aligned in any magnetic field, wherein at the same time preferably no or very little remanence remains in the magnetically alignable pigment after application of a magnetic field.
- the average diameter of a magnetizable pigment and / or aggregated nanoground particles in the magnetically alignable pigment is preferably less than 1 ⁇ m, more preferably less than 200 nm, and most preferably 70 nm, most preferably 50 nm.
- the optically variable capsule comprises a capsule wall.
- the capsule wall is formed transparent, whereby the color impression of the coloring of the magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment is not changed.
- the magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are arranged in a dispersion with the abovementioned carrier fluid as dispersing agent, preferably a carrier liquid.
- the dispersion medium is transparent.
- the dispersion medium for the optical reproduction of a color impression may be designed in a color-covering or color-semitransparent manner.
- the magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment and the dispersion have a compatible surface tension, so that the pigments are wettable by the carrier liquid.
- the magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are arranged to be movable within the optically variable capsule.
- the magnetically alignable pigments are oriented and positioned in the presence of a magnetic field source in its direction and / or in the direction of the magnetic field.
- the magnetically orientable pigments are oriented towards the magnetic field source, preferably the magnet.
- an accumulation of the magnetizable pigments preferably takes place in a position close to the magnetic field source.
- the magnetically non-alignable pigments are displaced from the magnetizable pigments and placed in a position substantially remote from the magnetic field source.
- the side of the optically variable element which is close to the magnetic field source, corresponding to the magnetic Field and a position of the magnetic field source substantially the second color again.
- the rheology in particular the viscosity of the carrier liquid
- the rheology is temperature-dependent. This means that at higher temperatures, the viscosity is lower.
- the state of aggregation of the carrier liquid changes from solid to liquid. In this case, the switchability of the optically variable element is possible only at elevated temperature in the presence of an external magnet.
- a combination of optically variable elements as figures, characters and / or surface parts with carrier liquids, which preferably have a different temperature-dependent viscosity is provided.
- the means for spacing comprise a first coating.
- the first coating inhibits, preferably prevents, agglomeration between the magnetizable pigments and serves as a physical spacer.
- the first coating preferably has a layer thickness of 1 to 20 nm and is preferably based on carbon or SiO 2 .
- the first coating reduces the mutual influence of the magnetically alignable pigments of the aggregate or the agglomeration of base particles.
- the magnetizable pigment provided with the first coating may be aggregated as agglomeration with at least one other magnetically-alignable pigment provided with the first coating, thereby aggregating is obtained or is present of magnetically alignable pigments of a certain size.
- the first coating is designed such that a conscious aggregation of the magnetically alignable pigments is possible, ie the magnetically alignable pigments form an agglomerate to the predetermined final size.
- this combination or aggregate is preferably provided with an intermediate coating upon reaching the predetermined final size.
- the intermediate coating serves as a physical spacer and / or to increase the strength of the magnetically alignable pigments.
- the intermediate coating is preferably based on carbon or SiO 2 .
- the intermediate coating also reduces the mutual influence of the magnetically orientable pigments of the aggregate.
- the magnetizable pigments may have a second coating, particularly on the first coating and / or optionally on the intermediate coating, to reduce surface activity, the second coating having a surface tension that is compatible with the carrier fluid.
- the second coating having a surface tension that is compatible with the carrier fluid.
- wetting of the magnetizable pigments by the carrier fluid may occur.
- silane is used as the second coating.
- the optically variable capsule when viewing a side and / or a point of a page, has the same or similar hue independently of the viewing or illumination angle.
- the side to be considered is defined as the side at which an accumulation of magnetically orientable pigments or magnetically non-orientable pigments.
- the magnetically alignable pigments and / or magnetically non-alignable pigments are three-dimensional, preferably spherical, particularly preferably substantially spherical. Due to the spatial structure, the distribution of the magnetically orientable pigments and / or magnetically non-alignable pigments can be influenced, in particular their arrangement on the capsule wall.
- the first-order magnetically-alignable pigments accumulate on the side of the capsule, which is near the magnetic field source and the second-order magnetically non-alignable pigments accumulate on the opposite side, during and after the application of the magnetic field, regardless of the viewing angle, it will pile up Both sides (0 ° -180 °) and / or the illumination of the first or second color can be seen.
- the spacing means may be a spacer based on an organic and / or inorganic third coating.
- the third coating may have an average thickness of 1 to 20 nm and / or preferably form a maximum distance of the magnetizable pigment in the range of 1 to 20 nm.
- the third coating may have a hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface, preferably depending on the carrier fluid.
- the third coating may completely or partially surround the magnetizable pigment.
- the third coating by virtue of a steric hindrance, inhibits, preferably prevents, a further approximation of the pigments to one another.
- the third coating preferably comprises a branched carboxylic acid.
- the magnetizable pigment comprises a magnetically alignable region and a coloring region for reproducing the first color.
- the coloring region may comprise a dye, preferably carbon black and / or organic colored pigments.
- the colorant region can have a color filter, for example by means of coating and / or on the atomic level, for example by means of refraction on the atomic lattice.
- the coloring area may surround, preferably envelop, the magnetically alignable area.
- the coloring area can be defined by the material property of the magnetizable pigment, for example nanomagnetite, which determines the coloring of the magnetically orientable pigment.
- a combination for example a magnetically alignable pigment with a first sub-range for coloring, for example due to material properties, eg. As nanomagnetite, with a coating and / or a filter, which define a second sub-area for coloring possible.
- the coloration may be a rendering in white color or a hue in a particular spectrum, especially in the visual domain.
- the coloring can be luminescent, for example stimulating in the infrared and / or ultraviolet spectrum.
- the coloration can have a color-opaque, semitransparent or transparent effect on a background.
- the magnetically non-orientable pigment is opaque.
- the magnetically non-alignable pigment is thus formed with respect to the coloring particularly opaque with respect to the coloring of the magnetizable pigment. It is thus a particularly high color impression, color change, brightness contrast and / or color contrast recognizable between the magnetically alignable pigment and the magnetically non-alignable pigment.
- the optically variable capsule is preferably formed in size as a microcapsule, preferably with a mean diameter of 6-50 microns. Depending on the dimensions of the optically variable capsule, it may comprise a large number of magnetically orientable and magnetically non-alignable pigments. The size should be chosen such that the magnetically orientable and magnetically non-orientable pigments can move within the optically variable capsule.
- the magnetically orientable pigments have superparamagnetic properties. After applying the magnetically alignable pigments, in particular after removing or switching off the magnetic field, no remanence remains, so that a new alignment of the first phase in the optically variable capsule without special demagnetization methods being carried out is possible.
- the optically variable element in particular the magnetically alignable pigments and / or the magnetically non-alignable pigment, may comprise an effect pigment, in particular an IR, UV and / or a luminescent pigment. Particularly preferred is a coating of the magnetically alignable pigments and / or the magnetically non-alignable pigment with the aforementioned effect pigments.
- the effect pigments can also be dyes.
- the magnetically orientable pigments and / or the magnetically non-alignable pigment may have the same, the same or different effect pigments.
- an environment of the optically variable element can have a visual impression that is at least equal to at least one effect pigment, so that the authenticity of the optically variable element can be tested on the basis of the match between the optically variable element and the surrounding area.
- effect pigment and / or effect dye substances are understood which have fluorescent and / or phosphorescent properties and / or which have anti-Stokes and / or up-conversion and / or IR-absorbing properties.
- At least one first, more preferably both color states (first and second colors) and / or as far as available both effect states are arranged as a reference field in the vicinity of the optically variable element.
- the optically variable element can be arranged as a security element on or in a value element, in particular value document.
- the optically variable element may be coated with transparent optically variable pigments, e.g. B. interference pigments coated.
- the optically variable element and / or optionally the optically variable security element can be arranged on a data carrier, in particular identity document and / or value document.
- the optically variable element, in particular the security element In order for the optically variable element, in particular the security element, to have a specific reproduction already when it is delivered, in particular that identical or at least similar representations are used when a plurality of optically variable elements are used, the optically variable element, in particular security element in the production or after the production, for example in a printing press, in a quality control at a test device of the optically variable element, for example in a Wertstromeprüfvoriques, in particular security elements, and / or in an input and / or output device of value documents, for example in an output terminal, be preoriented.
- the data carrier may comprise the optically variable element according to the invention and / or optionally the optically variable security element.
- the data carrier may comprise a verification element.
- the verification element has a region of magnetic properties, that is, the region is magnetized and generates a magnetic field. For checking the optically variable element and / or optionally the optically variable security element, these can be brought into the vicinity of the magnetic region, preferably in overlap.
- the magnetically orientable pigments align according to the magnetic field.
- the data carrier has a plurality of optically variable elements or a plurality of optically variable security elements, which are preferably arranged in one or more layers in a matrix.
- the data carrier is preferably a flat, sheet-shaped material.
- the magnetic region may be formed structured, for example in the form of one or more characters, a figure and / or a Symbol. If the plurality of optically variable elements or the plurality of optically variable security elements is arranged in overlap with the structured magnetic area, the magnetically orientable pigments align in accordance with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic area.
- the structure of the magnetic region can be recognized on the basis of the multiplicity of optically variable elements or the multiplicity of optically variable security elements.
- the data carrier is preferably a value document, in particular a banknote.
- the data carrier therefore has a self-certification element.
- An authenticity element which is formed by the optically variable elements or the plurality of optically variable security elements, can be tested by the simultaneously provided on the disk verification element (magnetic area) of each user.
- the optically variable element 10 comprises an optically variable capsule 105 with a carrier liquid 120, for example based on H 2 O, a plurality of magnetically alignable pigments 100 and a plurality of magnetically non-alignable pigments 110.
- the magnetically alignable pigments 100 have a first color rendering , Preferably, the magnetically alignable pigments 100 are additionally provided with a coloring coating. In the present example, the magnetically orientable pigments 100 are formed with black color rendering.
- the magnetically non-orientable pigments 110 have a preferably different, second color rendering, for example white.
- the first color reproduction preferably has a large difference with regard to the color shade, brightness and / or wavelength for the second color reproduction.
- the first and second color rendering are each translucent or particularly preferably opaque, ie with little to no transparency.
- the magnetically non-orientable pigments 110 may be merely color particles.
- the magnetically non-orientable pigments preferably have a transparent functional coating, for example a resin, so that a surface tension of the magnetically non-alignable pigment is compatible with the surface tension of the carrier liquid.
- the magnetically alignable pigments 100 and magnetically non-alignable pigments 110 are generally distributed homogeneously in the optically variable capsule 105 (see FIG. Fig. 1a ). By stabilizing the pigments In the carrier liquid, a sedimentation of the pigments is essentially prevented.
- the optically variable element 10 is shown during the application of a magnetic field.
- a magnet 20 is brought in the region or in the vicinity of the optically variable element 10, so that it is in the magnetic field of the magnet 20.
- the magnetically orientable pigments 100 are attracted to the magnet 20, ie they move within the carrier liquid 120 to the magnet 20.
- the magnetically non-alignable pigments 110 are displaced by the positioning or orienting magnetically orientable pigments 100.
- An accumulation of magnetically orientable pigments 100 in the vicinity of the magnet 20 in the capsule 105 forms.
- the magnetically non-alignable pigments 110 arrange substantially correspondingly on the side of the optically variable capsule 105 opposite the magnet 20.
- a black coloring is visible on the side of the magnet 20 of the optically variable element 10, on the magnet 20 of the opposite side of the optically variable element 10, a white color visible.
- substantially the arrangement or orientation of the magnetically alignable pigments 100 and magnetically non-alignable pigments 110 is retained or stable, but is, for example, the density, elasticity and / or viscosity of the dispersion comprising the pigments 100, 110 and the carrier liquid 120 and / or mechanical forces, which from the outside on the optically variable Element 10 act, and optionally a stabilization of the carrier liquid 120 dependent.
- Fig. 1c is exemplary of the use of in the FIGS. 1a and 1b shown optically variable element 10 on a substrate 30 of a value document 1.
- the substrate 30 may be a transparent, translucent, opaque or substantially optically dense substrate based on paper, in particular fiber material, preferably cotton fibers, a film material or a composite of both, for example a hybrid substrate.
- a color imprint 31 is applied to the substrate 30.
- the color imprint 31 comprises a multiplicity of the optically variable element 10 in a matrix.
- the matrix is, for example, a binder of a paint, in particular printing ink or a lacquer and / or a film, preferably plastic film and / or plastic fiber, in particular a fiber fleece based on the synthetic fiber ,
- a magnet 20 is located on a second side 3 of the document of value 1, in the present case its underside, in the region of the imprint 31 with the optically variable element 10, the magnetically alignable particles 100 of the optically variable element 10 are aligned. That is, the magnetically alignable particles 100 occupy a position on the side of the magnet 20 in the optically variable element 10. In this case, the magnetically non-alignable particles 110 are displaced, in particular to positions on the side opposite the magnet 20.
- a white color can be seen in the region of the magnet 20.
- a black color can be seen in this area.
- a mixed color reproduction of the magnetically alignable particles 100 and magnetically non-alignable particles 110 can be seen in plan view of the first side 2 due to the as yet unaddressed magnetic field, in this case a gray tone.
- a gray tone is likewise recognizable, depending on the transparency of substrate 30.
- the magnetizable pigments 100 align according to the position of the magnet 20. In essence, there is an accumulation of the magnetically alignable pigments 100 on the first side 2 of the value document 1 and an accumulation of the magnetically non-alignable pigments 110 on the second side 3 of the value document 1.
- a black color reproduction is visible in the arrangement region of the magnet 20, and a white color reproduction is visible when viewing the second side 3 according to arrow B.
- the visibility and color rendering in view or on the second side 3 is dependent on the transparency of the substrate 30 and the opacity of the imprint 31 with the optically variable elements 10.
- the visible color may be a mixed color of the color of the substrate 30 and the magnetically alignable particle 100 and optionally the magnetically non-alignable particle 110, typically the degree of coverage of the color rendering of the magnetically alignable particles 100 and magnetically non-alignable particles 110 Influence.
- the degree of coverage of the color reproduction by the magnetically orientable particles 100 and / or is preferably magnetic non-alignable particles 110 of the optically alignable elements 10 are 100 percent.
- a transparent substrate 30 lies in the fact that a reorientation of the magnetically alignable particles 100 and an associated altered color rendering of the security element of the imprint 31 can be detected both on the first side 2 and on the second side 3.
- the imprint 31 can be checked for two different color renditions.
- the transparent substrate is colored, so that a mixed color of the state of the optically variable element 10 and the color 31 shows and thus the color of the optically variable element is always different from the first page 2 to the second page 3.
- the transparent substrate 30 additionally contains visually invisible UV-absorbing and / or IR-absorbing substances.
- the magnetically non-orientable pigment 110 has a fluorescent coating. If the magnet 20 is located on the second side 3, a fluorescence can be detected upon irradiation with UV light when viewed in the direction of arrow A on the first side 2, which lies opposite the magnet 20. If, on the other hand, the magnet 20 is arranged on the first side 2, no fluorescence can be detected upon irradiation of the value document 1, in particular of the second side 3, with UV light from the second side 3. Thus, when exposed to UV light, the first side 2 and second side 3 have a different color impression.
- a change of position of the magnetic field source, in the present case of magnet 20, is useful for optically dense substrate 30, so that the magnetically orientable pigments 100 and, for another, the magnetically non-alignable pigments are necessary for a verification of the two color reproductions 110 are visible on the first page 2. Only then would it be possible in particular to make an assessment on the imprint 31, in particular its color and its authenticity.
- a reference field is preferably arranged adjacent to the imprint 31 with the optically variable element 10.
- the information in particular the hue of the optically variable elements 10
- the reference field preferably comprises the coloring of the magnetically alignable and / or non-alignable pigments 100, 110.
- a magnet 20 'with structured surface or structured volume 201 may be used.
- the structuring 201 encodes relief-like information with heights 202 and depressions 203.
- the security element 1 experiences a lower magnetic field, so that in this region the magnetically orientable pigments 100 are less strongly or preferably not aligned.
- the optically variable capsules 105 represent the coded information in accordance with the structuring 203.
- the FIG. 2a shows an embodiment of a magnetizable pigment 100 according to the invention.
- the magnetically orientable pigment 100 comprises a magnetic material, in the present case aggregated nanomagnetite 101.
- the aggregated nanomagnetite 101 has a first coating 102a.
- the first coating 102a may be functionally configured as a physical spacer. With the aid of the first coating 102a, further aggregate formation of the magnetic material can be hindered.
- the first coating 102a comprises SiO 2 and / or carbon, in particular carbon black or titanium dioxide.
- a second coating 102b is disposed.
- the second coating 102b is used to modify a surface tension of the magnetically alignable pigment 100.
- the second coating 102b may be used to completely transfer the magnetically alignable pigment 100 from a fluid, for example the carrier liquid 120 (see, for example, US Pat Fig. 1a ), are wetted. That is, the surface tension of the magnetizable pigment 100 is compatible with the surface tension of the fluid.
- the second coating 102b comprises silane.
- a third coating 103 is arranged on the second coating 102b.
- the third coating 103 likewise serves as a physical spacer, in particular in order to hinder an approach of the magnetically alignable pigment 100 to another pigment 100, 110, preferably to restrict it to a certain distance.
- the third coating 103 may be a branched carboxylic acid.
- the third coating 103 preferably causes steric hindrance.
- the first and / or second coating 102a, 102b are preferably arranged on the magnetic material by means of spray coating and / or sol gel.
- the third coating 103 is preferably in the context of a dispersion of the magnetically alignable pigment 100 is applied in the carrier liquid. Instead of the first, second and third coatings 102a, 102b, 103, only one or two of the coatings may be disposed on the magnetic material.
- a magnetically non-alignable pigment 110 according to the invention is shown.
- the magnetically non-alignable pigment 110 comprises a colorant particle 111.
- the colorant particle 111 is surrounded by a sheath 112.
- the enclosure 112 is a surface covering, for example a resin, in particular rosin resin or an acidic resin ester.
- the cladding 112 effects an adaptation of the surface tension of the magnetically non-alignable pigment 110 to the surface tension of the carrier liquid 120, so that the carrier liquid 120 can wet the magnetically non-alignable pigment 110.
- the carrier liquid contains no or preferably no long-term crosslinkable components.
- a switchable crosslinking of the carrier liquid is conceivable, for example by means of energy input, in particular irradiation, or chemical reaction, as a result of which the magnetically alignable and non-alignable pigments in the capsule are frozen.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein optisch variables Element zur Anordnung an einem Datenträger, insbesondere Wertgegenstand wie Wertdokument und einen Datenträger mit einem optisch variablen Sicherheitselement.The present invention relates to an optically variable element for arrangement on a data carrier, in particular valuable article such as value document and a data carrier with an optically variable security element.
Optisch variable Elemente werden zu Gestaltungszwecken, aber auch in einem und/ oder als Echtheitsmerkmal eingesetzt. Ein derartiges Echtheitsmerkmal, auch als Sicherheitsmerkmal bezeichnet, kann beispielsweise eine besondere optische Wiedergabe in Abhängigkeit des Betrachtungswinkels, wie z. B. ein Hologramm, aufweisen. Weiterhin sind Änderungen der optischen Wiedergabe bzw. des optischen Eindrucks aufgrund veränderter physikalischer oder chemischer Bedingungen und Umwelteinflüsse denkbar, beispielsweise aufgrund thermischer Beeinflussung. Weiterhin ist eine veränderliche optische Wiedergabe aufgrund magnetischer Beaufschlagung bekannt.Optically variable elements are used for design purposes, but also in one and / or as an authenticity feature. Such authenticity feature, also referred to as security feature, for example, a special optical reproduction depending on the viewing angle, such. As a hologram. Furthermore, changes in the optical reproduction or the visual impression due to changed physical or chemical conditions and environmental influences are conceivable, for example due to thermal influence. Furthermore, a variable optical reproduction due to magnetic loading is known.
Bisherige optisch variable Elemente, welche aufgrund magnetischer Beaufschlagung bekannt sind, umfassen ein plättchenförmiges optisch variables mit Magnetit beschichtetes Pigment, welches mit einer umhüllenden Flüssigkeit verkapselt in einer Kapsel vorliegt. In Aufsicht ohne Magnetfeld ist ein wolkiger bzw. uneinheitlicher Farbeindruck in Abhängigkeit der Lagen der optisch variablen Pigmente in der Kapsel sichtbar. Bei Anlegen eines Magnetfelds richten sich diese Plättchen entsprechend den magnetischen Feldlinien aus. Die geringfügige Lageveränderung der plättchenförmigen magnetisch orientierbaren Pigmente führt zwangsläufig zu geringen optischen Kontrasten. Zudem kann das plättchenförmige beschichtete Pigment in der Kapsel verklemmen.Previous optically variable elements which are known due to magnetic loading comprise a platelet-shaped optically variable magnetite-coated pigment encapsulated in a capsule with an enveloping liquid. In a plan view without a magnetic field, a cloudy or inconsistent color impression is visible as a function of the positions of the optically variable pigments in the capsule. When applying a magnetic field, these platelets align according to the magnetic field lines. The slight change in position of the platelet-shaped magnetically orientable pigments inevitably leads to low optical contrasts. In addition, the platelet-shaped coated pigment in the capsule can get stuck.
Aus dem Dokument
Es ist demnach eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein magnetisch schaltbares optisch variables Element bereitzustellen, wobei das Schalten des optisch variablen Elements sichergestellt ist und ein Erkennungskontrast in der Fläche sichtbar ist.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a magnetically switchable optically variable element, wherein the switching of the optically variable Elements is ensured and a recognition contrast in the surface is visible.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved with the features of the independent claims. Particularly advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch ein optisch variables Element zur Anordnung an einem Datenträger gelöst. Das optisch variable Element umfasst wenigstens zwei magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigmente mit einer ersten Farbgebung. Weiterhin umfasst das optisch variable Element eines, vorzugsweise eine Vielzahl an magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigmente mit einer zweiten Farbgebung. Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment sind umhüllt, vorzugsweise in einer Trägerflüssigkeit, in einer Kapsel angeordnet. Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente umfassen zudem Mittel zur Beabstandung zu den anderen Pigmenten, insbesondere magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmenten.According to the invention, the object is achieved by an optically variable element for arrangement on a data carrier. The optically variable element comprises at least two magnetically alignable pigments with a first color. Furthermore, the optically variable element comprises one, preferably a plurality of magnetically non-alignable pigments having a second color. The magnetically orientable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are enveloped, preferably in a carrier liquid, arranged in a capsule. The magnetically alignable pigments also comprise means for spacing them from the other pigments, in particular magnetically alignable pigments.
Das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment ist im Wesentlichen unmagnetisch ausgebildet. Dabei kann das Material des magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigments aus unmagnetischem Werkstoff ausgebildet sind. Weiterhin kann das Material des magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigments aus magnetischem Werkstoff ausgebildet sein, jedoch derart beschaffen sein, dass es sich in einem magnetischen Feld nicht ausrichtet. Dies ist beispielsweise der Fall, wenn eine magnetische Beschichtung und/ oder ein Kern (Teil des Pigments) sehr gering im Verhältnis zu dem nichtmagnetischen Pigmentteil ist.The magnetically non-alignable pigment is substantially non-magnetic. In this case, the material of the magnetically nichtausrichtbaren pigment are formed of non-magnetic material. Furthermore, the material of the magnetically non-alignable pigment can be formed of magnetic material, but be such that it does not align in a magnetic field. This is the case, for example, when a magnetic coating and / or a core (part of the pigment) is very small in relation to the nonmagnetic pigment part.
Das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment weist ein magnetisches Material auf. Das magnetische Material weist zumindest in Anwesenheit eines magnetischen Feldes ein magnetisches Moment auf und ist in diesem Zustand magnetisch ausgebildet. Das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment orientiert sich hinsichtlich seiner Nord-Süd-Ausrichtung entlang der Magnetfeldlinien. Das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment weist superparamagnetische Eigenschaften auf. Das heißt, das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment weist in Abwesenheit eines magnetischen Feldes kein oder ein sehr geringes magnetisches Moment auf, so dass das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment vorzugsweise nicht magnetisch ausgebildet ist.The magnetically alignable pigment comprises a magnetic material. The magnetic material has at least in the presence of a magnetic Field a magnetic moment and is magnetically formed in this state. The magnetically orientable pigment is oriented along the magnetic field lines with respect to its north-south orientation. The magnetically orientable pigment has superparamagnetic properties. That is, the magnetically alignable pigment has no or a very small magnetic moment in the absence of a magnetic field, so that the magnetically alignable pigment is preferably not formed magnetically.
Im Rahmen dieser Erfindung wird unter dem Ausrichten eines Elements in einem Magnetfeld sowohl eine Orientierung als auch eine Positionierung entsprechend dem Magnetfeld verstanden. Wie bereits dargelegt handelt es sich bei der Orientierung um eine Anordnung in Nord-Süd-Richtung entlang der Magnetfeldlinien aufgrund des magnetischen Moments. Eine Positionierung ist durch eine ortsbezogene Bezugnahme, beispielsweise eine Ortsveränderung und/ oder der Einnahme einer Ortsposition, gekennzeichnet.In the context of this invention, the alignment of an element in a magnetic field is understood to mean both an orientation and a positioning corresponding to the magnetic field. As already stated, the orientation is an arrangement in north-south direction along the magnetic field lines due to the magnetic moment. Positioning is characterized by a location-related reference, for example a change of location and / or the taking of a location position.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung wird ein optisch variables Element bereitgestellt, womit in magnetischem Feld die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente ausgerichtet werden. Das heißt, dass beispielsweise bei Verwendung eines Magnetfeldes, die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente mit der ersten Farbgebung durch das Magnetfeld in Richtung der Magnetfeldlinien orientiert und insbesondere zur Magnetfeldquelle hin positioniert werden. Beispielsweise werden sie von einem Magneten sowohl angezogen als auch in Richtung des Magneten ausgerichtet. Insbesondere gruppieren bzw. häufen sich die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente an der der Magnetfeldquelle entsprechenden Seite der Kapsel. Das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment hingegen ist durch die Positionierung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente im optisch variablen Element überwiegend an der Seite angeordnet, welche dem Magneten gegenüberliegt. Bei Betrachtung des optisch variablen Elements auf die der Magnetfeldquelle gegenüberliegender Seite ist lediglich die zweite Farbgebung sichtbar.With the solution according to the invention, an optically variable element is provided, with which the magnetically alignable pigments are aligned in the magnetic field. This means that, for example, when using a magnetic field, the magnetically orientable pigments with the first coloring are oriented by the magnetic field in the direction of the magnetic field lines and in particular are positioned toward the magnetic field source. For example, they are both attracted to a magnet and aligned in the direction of the magnet. In particular, the magnetically alignable pigments cluster or accumulate on the side of the capsule corresponding to the magnetic field source. By contrast, the magnetically non-alignable pigment is predominantly arranged on the side by the positioning of the magnetically alignable pigments in the optically variable element opposite the magnet. When viewing the optically variable element on the magnetic field source opposite side only the second color is visible.
Der optische Eindruck der Kapsel mit magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmenten und nichtausrichtbarem Pigment ist demnach in Abhängigkeit von einem Magnetfeld veränderbar. Sie wird deshalb nachfolgend auch optisch variable Kapsel bezeichnet.The visual impression of the capsule with magnetically alignable pigments and nichtausrichtbarem pigment is therefore variable depending on a magnetic field. It is therefore hereinafter also referred to optically variable capsule.
Mit einer Positionsänderung der Magnetfeldquelle, beispielsweise Magnet, z. B. an die gegenüberliegende Seite des optisch variablen Elements, orientieren sich die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente entsprechend. Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente ordnen sich entsprechend der Seite zur Magnetfeldquelle hin an und verdrängen im Wesentlichen die magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente im Wesentlichen auf die gegenüberliegende Seite von der Magnetfeldquelle weg. Selbst nach Wegnahme der Magnetfeldquelle bleibt die Orientierung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente im Wesentlichen erhalten. Bei unveränderter Betrachtung ist nun die erste Farbgebung erkennbar.With a change in position of the magnetic field source, such as magnet, z. B. to the opposite side of the optically variable element, orient the magnetizable pigments accordingly. The magnetically alignable pigments align with the side toward the magnetic field source and substantially displace the magnetically non-orientable pigments substantially to the opposite side of the magnetic field source. Even after removal of the magnetic field source, the orientation of the magnetically alignable pigments and magnetically non-alignable pigments is substantially maintained. If the view is unchanged, the first color is now visible.
Durch eine externe mechanische Kraft in Form von Vibrationen ist es möglich, eine homogene Mischung von magnetisch ausrichtbaren und nichtausrichtbaren Pigmenten in der Kapsel zu erzeugen.External mechanical force in the form of vibrations makes it possible to create a homogeneous mixture of magnetically orientable and non-orientable pigments in the capsule.
Ein Datenträger im Sinne der Erfindung ist grundsätzlich als Gegenstand zur Wiedergabe von Informationen zu verstehen, insbesondere ein Wertdokument. Unter Wertdokumenten werden dabei blattförmige Gegenstände verstanden, die beispielsweise einen monetären Wert oder eine Berechtigung repräsentieren und daher nicht beliebig durch Unbefugte herstellbar sein sollen. Sie weisen daher nicht einfach herzustellende, insbesondere zu kopierende, Merkmale auf, deren Vorhandensein ein Indiz für die Echtheit, d.h. die Herstellung durch eine dazu befugte Stelle, ist. Wichtige Beispiele für solche Wertdokumente sind Chipkarten, Coupons, Gutscheine, Schecks und insbesondere Banknoten. Mithilfe des Datenträgers soll insbesondere visuell eine Information wiedergegeben werden, welche von einem besonderen Wert ist und vorzugsweise mit einem Echtheitsmerkmal bzw. Sicherheitselement versehen werden soll. Gleichzeitig kann das Sicherheitselement zumindest Teil der Information sein.A data carrier in the sense of the invention is fundamentally to be understood as an object for the reproduction of information, in particular a value document. Under value documents are understood leaf-shaped objects that represent, for example, a monetary value or an authorization and therefore can not be produced arbitrarily by unauthorized persons should. They therefore have features which are not easy to produce, in particular to be copied, and whose presence is an indication of the authenticity, ie the production by an authorized agency. Important examples of such value documents are chip cards, coupons, vouchers, checks and in particular banknotes. With the aid of the data carrier, it is intended in particular to visually reproduce information which is of particular value and is preferably to be provided with an authenticity feature or security element. At the same time, the security element can be at least part of the information.
Die erste und/ oder zweite Farbgebung kann mithilfe einer Pigmentierung ausgebildet sein. Beispielsweise kann die Pigmentierung lumineszierende Eigenschaften umfassen und beispielsweise Licht mit Wellenlängen im sichtbaren Spektrum emittieren. Weiterhin kann die Pigmentierung eine Emission von Licht im infraroten oder ultravioletten Spektrum aufweisen.The first and / or second coloring can be formed by means of a pigmentation. For example, the pigmentation may include luminescent properties and, for example, emit light with wavelengths in the visible spectrum. Furthermore, the pigmentation may have an emission of light in the infrared or ultraviolet spectrum.
Weiterhin kann die Pigmentierung Licht im UV-, Vis,- und/ oder IR-Bereich absorbieren. Darüber hinaus kann die Pigmentierung Licht im längerwelligen Bereich absorbieren und/ oder im kürzerwelligen Bereich des Spektrums emittieren (Anti-Stokes).Furthermore, the pigmentation can absorb light in the UV, Vis, and / or IR range. In addition, the pigmentation can absorb light in the longer wavelength range and / or emit in the shorter wavelength range of the spectrum (anti-Stokes).
Die erste Farbgebung unterscheidet sich von der zweiten Farbgebung, so dass die erste Farbgebung einen ersten Farbeindruck und die zweite Farbgebung einen zweiten Farbeindruck vermittelt. Bevorzugt weisen die erste und zweite Farbgebung einen hohen (Farb-) Kontrast zueinander auf. Die erste und/ oder zweite Farbgebung weisen vorzugsweise einen unterschiedlichen Bereich des Lichtspektrums auf.The first color differs from the second color, so that the first color gives a first color impression and the second color a second color impression. Preferably, the first and second colors have a high (color) contrast to each other. The first and / or second colors preferably have a different region of the light spectrum.
Erfindungsgemäß liegen das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment und das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment gemeinsam verkapselt in der optisch variablen Kapsel vor. D.h., das optisch variable Element umfasst eine Kapsel, in der in einem Trägerfluid, vorzugsweise einer Trägerflüssigkeit, das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment und das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment angeordnet sind.According to the invention, the magnetically alignable pigment and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are encapsulated together in the optically variable capsule. That is, the optically variable element comprises a capsule in which in a carrier fluid, preferably a carrier liquid, the magnetizable pigment and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are arranged.
In einer Ausführungsform kann vorgesehen sein, dass das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment Magnetit, insbesondere Nanomagnetit, aufweist. Vorzugsweise umfasst das Nanomagnetit eine Vielzahl an Nano-Grundpartikel, insbesondere aggregierte nicht-geordnete Nanomagnetite. D.h., das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment weist eine Vielzahl an Nanogrundpartikel auf, welche aneinander, vorzugsweise unorientiert, angeordnet sind, auf. Die Nanogrundpartikel weisen vorzugsweise einen mittleren Durchmesser von 6 bis 8 nm auf. Das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment lässt sich somit in jedem magnetischen Feld ausrichten, wobei gleichzeitig vorzugsweise nach dem Beaufschlagen mit magnetischem Feld keine bzw. eine sehr geringe Remanenz im magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigment verbleibt. Der mittlere Durchmesser eines magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments und/ oder aggregierter Nanogrundpartikel im magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigment beträgt vorzugsweise weniger als 1 µm, bevorzugter weniger als 200 nm und besonders bevorzugt 70 nm, meist bevorzugt 50 nm.In an embodiment it can be provided that the magnetically alignable pigment comprises magnetite, in particular nanomagnetite. Preferably, the nanomagnetite comprises a plurality of nano-base particles, in particular aggregated non-ordered nanomagnetites. That is, the magnetically-alignable pigment has a plurality of nano-base particles which are arranged on each other, preferably unoriented. The nano base particles preferably have an average diameter of 6 to 8 nm. The magnetically alignable pigment can thus be aligned in any magnetic field, wherein at the same time preferably no or very little remanence remains in the magnetically alignable pigment after application of a magnetic field. The average diameter of a magnetizable pigment and / or aggregated nanogrund particles in the magnetically alignable pigment is preferably less than 1 μm, more preferably less than 200 nm, and most preferably 70 nm, most preferably 50 nm.
In einer Ausführungsform kann vorgesehen sein, dass die optisch variable Kapsel eine Kapselwand umfasst. Vorzugsweise ist die Kapselwand transparent ausgebildet, wodurch der Farbeindruck der Farbgebung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und des magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigments nicht verändert wird.In one embodiment it can be provided that the optically variable capsule comprises a capsule wall. Preferably, the capsule wall is formed transparent, whereby the color impression of the coloring of the magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment is not changed.
Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment sind in einer Dispersion mit dem oben genannten Trägerfluid als Dispersionsmittel, vorzugsweise einer Trägerflüssigkeit angeordnet. Vorzugsweise ist das Dispersionsmittel transparent ausgebildet. Alternativ kann das Dispersionsmittel zur optischen Wiedergabe eines Farbeindrucks farblich deckend oder farblich semitransparent ausgebildet sein.The magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are arranged in a dispersion with the abovementioned carrier fluid as dispersing agent, preferably a carrier liquid. Preferably, the dispersion medium is transparent. Alternatively, the dispersion medium for the optical reproduction of a color impression may be designed in a color-covering or color-semitransparent manner.
Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment sowie die Dispersion weisen eine kompatible Oberflächenspannung auf, so dass die Pigmente von der Trägerflüssigkeit benetzbar sind.The magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment and the dispersion have a compatible surface tension, so that the pigments are wettable by the carrier liquid.
In einer Ausführungsform kann vorgesehen sein, dass die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment innerhalb der optisch variablen Kapsel beweglich angeordnet sind. Insbesondere ist möglich, dass die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente sich in Anwesenheit einer Magnetfeldquelle in dessen Richtung und/ oder in Richtung des magnetischen Feldes orientieren und positionieren. Im Wesentlichen orientieren sich die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente zur Magnetfeldquelle, vorzugweise Magnet, hin. Weiterhin findet vorzugsweise eine Anhäufung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente in einer Position nahe der Magnetfeldquelle statt. Entsprechend werden die magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente von den magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmenten verdrängt und in einer Position im Wesentlichen entfernt der Magnetfeldquelle angeordnet.In an embodiment, it may be provided that the magnetically alignable pigments and the magnetically non-alignable pigment are arranged to be movable within the optically variable capsule. In particular, it is possible that the magnetically alignable pigments are oriented and positioned in the presence of a magnetic field source in its direction and / or in the direction of the magnetic field. In essence, the magnetically orientable pigments are oriented towards the magnetic field source, preferably the magnet. Furthermore, an accumulation of the magnetizable pigments preferably takes place in a position close to the magnetic field source. Accordingly, the magnetically non-alignable pigments are displaced from the magnetizable pigments and placed in a position substantially remote from the magnetic field source.
Vorzugsweise gibt die Seite des optisch variablen Elements, welche der Magnetfeldquelle nahe liegt, entsprechend in Abhängigkeit des magnetischen Feldes und einer Position der Magnetfeldquelle im Wesentlichen die zweite Farbgebung wieder.Preferably, the side of the optically variable element, which is close to the magnetic field source, corresponding to the magnetic Field and a position of the magnetic field source substantially the second color again.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Rheologie insbesondere die Viskosität der Trägerflüssigkeit temperaturabhängig. Das heißt, dass bei höherer Temperatur die Viskosität geringer wird. In einer besonderen Ausführungsform ändert sich bei Temperaturerhöhung der Aggregatszustand der Trägerflüssigkeit von fest nach flüssig. In diesem Fall ist die Schaltbarkeit des optisch variablen Elements nur bei erhöhter Temperatur in Gegenwart eines äußeren Magneten möglich. In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist auch eine Kombination von optisch variablen Elementen als Figuren, Zeichen und/ oder Flächenteile mit Trägerflüssigkeiten, welche vorzugsweise eine unterschiedliche temperaturabhängige Viskosität aufweisen, vorgesehen.In a further embodiment, the rheology, in particular the viscosity of the carrier liquid, is temperature-dependent. This means that at higher temperatures, the viscosity is lower. In a particular embodiment, when the temperature increases, the state of aggregation of the carrier liquid changes from solid to liquid. In this case, the switchability of the optically variable element is possible only at elevated temperature in the presence of an external magnet. In a further embodiment, a combination of optically variable elements as figures, characters and / or surface parts with carrier liquids, which preferably have a different temperature-dependent viscosity, is provided.
In einer Ausführungsform kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Mittel zur Beabstandung eine erste Beschichtung umfassen. Die erste Beschichtung hemmt, vorzugsweise verhindert, eine Agglomeration zwischen den magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmenten und dient als physikalischer Abstandshalter. Die erste Beschichtung weist vorzugsweise eine Schichtdicke von 1 bis 20 nm auf und basiert vorzugsweise auf Kohlenstoff oder SiO2. Mit der ersten Beschichtung wird zudem eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung der magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigmente des Aggregats bzw. der Agglomeration von Grundpartikeln vermindert.In one embodiment it can be provided that the means for spacing comprise a first coating. The first coating inhibits, preferably prevents, agglomeration between the magnetizable pigments and serves as a physical spacer. The first coating preferably has a layer thickness of 1 to 20 nm and is preferably based on carbon or SiO 2 . In addition, the first coating reduces the mutual influence of the magnetically alignable pigments of the aggregate or the agglomeration of base particles.
In einer Ausführungsform kann das mit der ersten Beschichtung versehene magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment mit wenigstens einem anderen mit der ersten Beschichtung versehenen magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigment aggregiert als Agglomeration vorliegen bzw. aggregiert werden, wodurch ein Zusammenschluss von magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmenten bestimmter Größe erhalten wird bzw. vorliegt. Die erste Beschichtung ist dabei derart ausgestaltet, dass ein bewusstes Aggregieren der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente möglich ist, d.h. die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente bilden ein Agglomerat zu der vorbestimmten Endgröße. Dazu wird vorzugsweise in einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform dieser Zusammenschluss bzw. dieses Aggregat bei Erreichen der vorbestimmten Endgröße mit einer Zwischenbeschichtung versehen. Die Zwischenbeschichtung dient als physikalischer Abstandshalter und/ oder zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente. Die Zwischenbeschichtung basiert vorzugsweise auf Kohlenstoff oder SiO2. Mit der Zwischenbeschichtung wird zudem eine gegenseitige Beeinflussung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente des Aggregats vermindert.
In einer Ausführungsform können die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente eine zweite Beschichtung, insbesondere auf die erste Beschichtung und/ oder gegebenenfalls auf die Zwischenbeschichtung, zur Reduktion der Oberflächenaktivität aufweisen, wobei die zweite Beschichtung eine Oberflächenspannung aufweist, welche kompatibel zum Trägerfluid ist. Somit kann unabhängig der unter der zweiten Beschichtung verwendeten Materialien und Stoffe ein Benetzen der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente durch das Trägerfluid erfolgen. Beispielsweise wird als zweite Beschichtung Silan verwendet.
In einer Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass die optisch variable Kapsel bei Betrachtung einer Seite und/ oder eines Punkts einer Seite unabhängig vom Betrachtungs- oder Beleuchtungswinkel einen gleichen bzw. ähnlichen Farbton aufweist. Insbesondere ist die zu betrachtende Seite als die Seite definiert, an welcher eine Häufung von magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente oder magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente vorliegt. Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und/ oder magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente sind dreidimensional, vorzugsweise sphärisch, besonders bevorzugt im Wesentlichen kugelförmig, ausgebildet. Aufgrund der räumlichen Struktur kann die Verteilung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und/ oder magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente beeinflusst werden, insbesondere deren Anordnung an der Kapselwand. Da die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente mit erster Farbgebung sich während und nach dem Beaufschlagen mit magnetischem Feld auf der Seite der Kapsel häufen, welche nahe der Magnetfeldquelle ist und die magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente mit zweiter Farbgebung sich an gegenüberliegender Seite entsprechend anhäufen, ist unabhängig des Betrachtungswinkels auf diese beiden Seiten (0°-180°) und/ oder der Beleuchtung die erste oder zweite Farbgebung erkennbar.In one embodiment, the magnetizable pigment provided with the first coating may be aggregated as agglomeration with at least one other magnetically-alignable pigment provided with the first coating, thereby aggregating is obtained or is present of magnetically alignable pigments of a certain size. The first coating is designed such that a conscious aggregation of the magnetically alignable pigments is possible, ie the magnetically alignable pigments form an agglomerate to the predetermined final size. For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment, this combination or aggregate is preferably provided with an intermediate coating upon reaching the predetermined final size. The intermediate coating serves as a physical spacer and / or to increase the strength of the magnetically alignable pigments. The intermediate coating is preferably based on carbon or SiO 2 . The intermediate coating also reduces the mutual influence of the magnetically orientable pigments of the aggregate.
In one embodiment, the magnetizable pigments may have a second coating, particularly on the first coating and / or optionally on the intermediate coating, to reduce surface activity, the second coating having a surface tension that is compatible with the carrier fluid. Thus, regardless of the materials and materials used under the second coating, wetting of the magnetizable pigments by the carrier fluid may occur. For example, silane is used as the second coating.
In one embodiment, it is provided that the optically variable capsule, when viewing a side and / or a point of a page, has the same or similar hue independently of the viewing or illumination angle. In particular, the side to be considered is defined as the side at which an accumulation of magnetically orientable pigments or magnetically non-orientable pigments. The magnetically alignable pigments and / or magnetically non-alignable pigments are three-dimensional, preferably spherical, particularly preferably substantially spherical. Due to the spatial structure, the distribution of the magnetically orientable pigments and / or magnetically non-alignable pigments can be influenced, in particular their arrangement on the capsule wall. Since the first-order magnetically-alignable pigments accumulate on the side of the capsule, which is near the magnetic field source and the second-order magnetically non-alignable pigments accumulate on the opposite side, during and after the application of the magnetic field, regardless of the viewing angle, it will pile up Both sides (0 ° -180 °) and / or the illumination of the first or second color can be seen.
In einer Ausführungsform kann das Mittel zur Beabstandung ein Abstandshalter auf Basis einer organischen und/ oder anorganischen dritten Beschichtung sein. Die dritte Beschichtung kann eine mittlere Dicke von 1 bis 20 nm aufweisen und/ oder vorzugsweise eine maximale Distanz von dem magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigment in Höhe von 1 bis 20 nm bilden. Die dritte Beschichtung kann eine hydrophile oder eine hydrophobe Oberfläche aufweisen, vorzugsweise in Abhängigkeit von dem Trägerfluid. Die dritte Beschichtung kann das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment vollständig oder nur Teilweise umgeben. Insbesondere hemmt, vorzugsweise verhindert, die dritte Beschichtung durch eine sterische Hinderung eine weitere Annäherung der Pigmente zueinander. Die dritte Beschichtung umfasst vorzugsweise eine verzweigte Carbonsäure.In one embodiment, the spacing means may be a spacer based on an organic and / or inorganic third coating. The third coating may have an average thickness of 1 to 20 nm and / or preferably form a maximum distance of the magnetizable pigment in the range of 1 to 20 nm. The third coating may have a hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface, preferably depending on the carrier fluid. The third coating may completely or partially surround the magnetizable pigment. In particular, the third coating, by virtue of a steric hindrance, inhibits, preferably prevents, a further approximation of the pigments to one another. The third coating preferably comprises a branched carboxylic acid.
In einer Ausführungsform umfasst das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment einen magnetisch ausrichtbaren Bereich und einen farbgebenden Bereich zur Wiedergabe der ersten Farbgebung. Der farbgebende Bereich kann einen Farbstoff, vorzugsweise Ruß und/ oder organische Buntpigmente, umfassen. Weiterhin kann der farbgebende Bereich einen Farbfilter, beispielsweise mittels Beschichtung und/ oder auf atomarer Ebene, beispielsweise mittels Brechung am Atomgitter, aufweisen. Der farbgebende Bereich kann den magnetisch ausrichtbaren Bereich umgeben, vorzugsweise umhüllen. Darüber hinaus kann der farbgebende Bereich durch die stoffliche Eigenschaft des magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments, beispielsweise Nanomagnetit, definiert sein, wodurch sich die Farbgebung des magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments bestimmt. Grundsätzlich wäre auch eine Kombination, beispielsweise ein magnetisch ausrichtbares Pigment mit einem ersten Subbereich zur Farbgebung, beispielsweise aufgrund stofflicher Eigenschaften, z. B. Nanomagnetit, mit einer Beschichtung und/ oder einem Filter, welche einen zweiten Subbereich zur Farbgebung definieren, möglich. Beispielsweise kann die Farbgebung eine Widergabe in weißer Farbe oder einem Farbton in einem bestimmten Spektrum, insbesondere im visuellen Bereich sein. Die Farbgebung kann lumineszierend sein, beispielsweise anregend im infraroten und/ oder ultravioletten Spektrum. Des Weiteren kann die Farbgebung gegenüber einen Hintergrund farblich deckend, semitransparent oder transparent wirken.In one embodiment, the magnetizable pigment comprises a magnetically alignable region and a coloring region for reproducing the first color. The coloring region may comprise a dye, preferably carbon black and / or organic colored pigments. Furthermore, the colorant region can have a color filter, for example by means of coating and / or on the atomic level, for example by means of refraction on the atomic lattice. The coloring area may surround, preferably envelop, the magnetically alignable area. In addition, the coloring area can be defined by the material property of the magnetizable pigment, for example nanomagnetite, which determines the coloring of the magnetically orientable pigment. In principle, a combination, for example a magnetically alignable pigment with a first sub-range for coloring, for example due to material properties, eg. As nanomagnetite, with a coating and / or a filter, which define a second sub-area for coloring possible. For example, the coloration may be a rendering in white color or a hue in a particular spectrum, especially in the visual domain. The coloring can be luminescent, for example stimulating in the infrared and / or ultraviolet spectrum. Furthermore, the coloration can have a color-opaque, semitransparent or transparent effect on a background.
In einer Ausführungsform ist das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment opak ausgebildet. Das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment ist somit hinsichtlich der Farbgebung besonders deckend in Bezug auf die Farbgebung des magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments ausgebildet. Es ist somit ein besonders hoher Farbeindruck, Farbwechsel, Helligkeitskontrast und/ oder Farbkontrast zwischen dem magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigment und dem magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigment erkennbar.
In einer Ausführungsform ist die optisch variable Kapsel hinsichtlich der Größe vorzugsweise als Mikrokapsel, vorzugsweise mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 6-50 µm ausgebildet. Entsprechend der Dimensionierung der optisch variablen Kapsel kann diese eine Vielzahl von magnetisch ausrichtbaren und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente umfassen. Die Größe sollte derart gewählt sein, dass die magnetisch ausrichtbaren und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente sich innerhalb der optisch variablen Kapsel bewegen bzw. orientieren können.In one embodiment, the magnetically non-orientable pigment is opaque. The magnetically non-alignable pigment is thus formed with respect to the coloring particularly opaque with respect to the coloring of the magnetizable pigment. It is thus a particularly high color impression, color change, brightness contrast and / or color contrast recognizable between the magnetically alignable pigment and the magnetically non-alignable pigment.
In one embodiment, the optically variable capsule is preferably formed in size as a microcapsule, preferably with a mean diameter of 6-50 microns. Depending on the dimensions of the optically variable capsule, it may comprise a large number of magnetically orientable and magnetically non-alignable pigments. The size should be chosen such that the magnetically orientable and magnetically non-orientable pigments can move within the optically variable capsule.
Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente weisen superparamagnetische Eigenschaften auf. Nach dem Beaufschlagen der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente, insbesondere nach Wegnahme oder Abschalten magnetischen Feldes, verbleibt keine Remanenz, so dass ein erneutes Ausrichten der erste Phase in der optisch variablen Kapsel, ohne dass besondere Entmagnetisierungsverfahren durchgeführt werden, möglich ist.
In einer Ausführungsform kann das optisch variable Element, insbesondere die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und/ oder das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment ein Effektpigment, insbesondere ein IR-, UV- und/ oder ein Lumineszenzpigment umfassen. Besonders bevorzugt ist eine Beschichtung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und/ oder das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment mit voran genannten Effektpigmenten. Die Effektpigmente können auch Farbstoffe sein. Insbesondere durch ein derartiges Effektpigment sind eine maschinenlesbare Auswertung und Erkennung des optisch variablen Elements erweitert und damit sichererer. Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente und/ oder das magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigment können gleichartige, gleiche oder unterschiedliche Effektpigmente aufweisen. Beispielsweise kann ein Umfeld des optisch variablen Elements einen zu wenigstens einem Effektpigment gleichen visuellen Eindruck aufweisen, so dass die Echtheit des optisch variablen Elements aufgrund der Übereinstimmung zwischen dem optisch variablen Element und Umfeld geprüft werden kann. Unter Effektpigment und/ oder Effektfarbstoff werden Stoffe verstanden, welche fluoreszierende und/ oder phosphoreszierende Eigenschaften aufweisen und/ oder welche Anti-Stokes und/ oder Up-Conversion und/ oder IR-absorbierende Eigenschaften aufweisen.The magnetically orientable pigments have superparamagnetic properties. After applying the magnetically alignable pigments, in particular after removing or switching off the magnetic field, no remanence remains, so that a new alignment of the first phase in the optically variable capsule without special demagnetization methods being carried out is possible.
In one embodiment, the optically variable element, in particular the magnetically alignable pigments and / or the magnetically non-alignable pigment, may comprise an effect pigment, in particular an IR, UV and / or a luminescent pigment. Particularly preferred is a coating of the magnetically alignable pigments and / or the magnetically non-alignable pigment with the aforementioned effect pigments. The effect pigments can also be dyes. In particular, by such an effect pigment, a machine-readable evaluation and recognition of the optically variable element are extended and thus safer. The magnetically orientable pigments and / or the magnetically non-alignable pigment may have the same, the same or different effect pigments. For example, an environment of the optically variable element can have a visual impression that is at least equal to at least one effect pigment, so that the authenticity of the optically variable element can be tested on the basis of the match between the optically variable element and the surrounding area. Under effect pigment and / or effect dye substances are understood which have fluorescent and / or phosphorescent properties and / or which have anti-Stokes and / or up-conversion and / or IR-absorbing properties.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist im Umfeld des optisch variablen Elementes mindestens ein erster, besonders bevorzugt beide Farbzustände (erste und zweite Farbgebungen) und/ oder soweit vorhanden beide Effektzustände als Referenzfeld angeordnet. Eine Überprüfung sowohl ohne als auch mit Hilfsmittel (auch maschinell) wird besonders einfach ermöglicht.In a further embodiment, at least one first, more preferably both color states (first and second colors) and / or as far as available both effect states are arranged as a reference field in the vicinity of the optically variable element. A review both without and with tools (also machine) is made very easy.
In einer Ausführungsform gemäß der Erfindung kann das optisch variable Element als Sicherheitselement an bzw. in einem Wertelement, insbesondere Wertdokument, angeordnet sein.In an embodiment according to the invention, the optically variable element can be arranged as a security element on or in a value element, in particular value document.
In einer Ausführungsform kann das optisch variable Element mit transparenten optisch variablen Pigmenten, z. B. Interferenzpigmente, beschichtet werden.In one embodiment, the optically variable element may be coated with transparent optically variable pigments, e.g. B. interference pigments coated.
In einer Ausführungsform gemäß der Erfindung kann das optisch variable Element und/ oder gegebenenfalls das optisch variable Sicherheitselement an einem Datenträger, insbesondere Ausweisdokument und/ oder Wertdokument angeordnet sein.In an embodiment according to the invention, the optically variable element and / or optionally the optically variable security element can be arranged on a data carrier, in particular identity document and / or value document.
Damit das optisch variable Element, insbesondere das Sicherheitselement bereits bei dessen Auslieferung eine bestimmte Wiedergabe aufweist, insbesondere dass bei Verwendung einer Vielzahl von optisch variablen Elemente eine gleiche oder zumindest ähnliche Wiedergabe aufweisen, kann das optisch variable Element, insbesondere Sicherheitselement bei der Herstellung, oder nach der Herstellung, beispielsweise in einer Druckmaschine, bei einer Qualitätskontrolle bei einer Prüfeinrichtung des optisch variablen Elements beispielsweise in einer Wertdokumenteprüfvorrichtung, insbesondere Sicherheitselements, und/ oder bei einer Eingabe - und/ oder Ausgabevorrichtung von Wertdokumenten, beispielsweise in einem Ausgabeterminal, vororientiert werden.In order for the optically variable element, in particular the security element, to have a specific reproduction already when it is delivered, in particular that identical or at least similar representations are used when a plurality of optically variable elements are used, the optically variable element, in particular security element in the production or after the production, for example in a printing press, in a quality control at a test device of the optically variable element, for example in a Wertdokumenteprüfvorrichtung, in particular security elements, and / or in an input and / or output device of value documents, for example in an output terminal, be preoriented.
Der Datenträger kann das erfindungsgemäße optisch variable Element und/ oder gegebenenfalls das optisch variable Sicherheitselement aufweisen. In einer Ausgestaltung kann der Datenträger ein Verifikationselement umfassen. Das Verifikationselement weist einen Bereich mit magnetischen Eigenschaften auf, d.h., der Bereich ist magnetisch ausgebildet und erzeugt ein magnetisches Feld. Zur Überprüfung des optisch variablen Elements und/ oder gegebenenfalls des optisch variablen Sicherheitselements können diese in die Nähe des magnetischen Bereichs gebracht werden, vorzugsweise in Überlappung. Die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente richten sich entsprechend dem magnetischen Feld aus.The data carrier may comprise the optically variable element according to the invention and / or optionally the optically variable security element. In one embodiment, the data carrier may comprise a verification element. The verification element has a region of magnetic properties, that is, the region is magnetized and generates a magnetic field. For checking the optically variable element and / or optionally the optically variable security element, these can be brought into the vicinity of the magnetic region, preferably in overlap. The magnetically orientable pigments align according to the magnetic field.
Vorzugsweise weist der Datenträger eine Vielzahl an optisch variablen Elemente bzw. eine Vielzahl an optisch variablen Sicherheitselementen, auf, welche bevorzugt ein- oder mehrlagig in einer Matrix angeordnet sind. Bei dem Datenträger handelt es sich vorzugsweise um ein flächiges, blattförmiges Gut. Der magnetische Bereich kann strukturiert ausgebildet sein, beispielsweise in Form eines oder mehrerer Zeichen, einer Figur und/ oder eines Symbols. Wird die Vielzahl an optisch variablen Elemente bzw. die Vielzahl an optisch variablen Sicherheitselementen in Überlappung zum strukturierten magnetischen Bereich angeordnet, richten sich die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente entsprechend dem durch den magnetischen Bereich erzeugtem Magnetfeld aus. Am Datenträger ist anhand der Vielzahl an optisch variablen Elemente bzw. der Vielzahl an optisch variablen Sicherheitselementen die Struktur des magnetischen Bereichs erkennbar. Selbst nach Entfernen der Vielzahl an optisch variablen Elemente bzw. der Vielzahl an optisch variablen Sicherheitselementen bleibt die Struktur aufgrund des bevorzugt eindeutigen Farbkontrasts erkennbar. Vorzugsweise handelt es sich beim Datenträger um ein Wertdokument, insbesondere eine Banknote. Der Datenträger weist demnach ein Selbstverifikationselement auf. Ein Echtheitselement, welches durch die optisch variablen Elemente bzw. die Vielzahl an optisch variablen Sicherheitselementen gebildet wird, kann durch das am Datenträger gleichzeitig bereitgestelltes Verifikationselement (magnetischer Bereich) von jedem Benutzer geprüft werden.Preferably, the data carrier has a plurality of optically variable elements or a plurality of optically variable security elements, which are preferably arranged in one or more layers in a matrix. The data carrier is preferably a flat, sheet-shaped material. The magnetic region may be formed structured, for example in the form of one or more characters, a figure and / or a Symbol. If the plurality of optically variable elements or the plurality of optically variable security elements is arranged in overlap with the structured magnetic area, the magnetically orientable pigments align in accordance with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic area. On the data carrier, the structure of the magnetic region can be recognized on the basis of the multiplicity of optically variable elements or the multiplicity of optically variable security elements. Even after removal of the plurality of optically variable elements or the plurality of optically variable security elements, the structure remains recognizable due to the preferably unique color contrast. The data carrier is preferably a value document, in particular a banknote. The data carrier therefore has a self-certification element. An authenticity element, which is formed by the optically variable elements or the plurality of optically variable security elements, can be tested by the simultaneously provided on the disk verification element (magnetic area) of each user.
Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden noch weiter beispielhaft an Hand der Zeichnungen erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1a-d
- eine erste schematische Darstellung eines optisch variablen Elements und seiner Funktion gemäß der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2a
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments gemäß der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2b
- eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigments gemäß der Erfindung;
- Fig. 1a-d
- a first schematic representation of an optically variable element and its function according to the invention;
- Fig. 2a
- a schematic representation of an embodiment of a magnetizable pigment according to the invention;
- Fig. 2b
- a schematic representation of an embodiment of a magnetically nichtausrichtbaren pigment according to the invention;
Zur Vereinfachung der Lesbarkeit und des Verständnisses der Erfindung werden in den nachfolgenden Figuren und Figurenbeschreibung ähnliche bzw. gleiche Merkmale, insbesondere hinsichtlich ihrer Ausprägung und/ oder Wirkung, soweit möglich mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.For ease of reading and understanding of the invention, similar figures will be given in the following figures and description of the figures or the same features, in particular with regard to their expression and / or effect, as far as possible provided with the same reference numerals.
In den
Bevor das optisch variable Element 10 mit einem magnetischem Feld beaufschlagt wird, sind die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente 100 und magnetisch nichtausrichtbare Pigmente 110 in der Regel homogen in der optisch variablen Kapsel 105 verteilt (s.
In der
Aufgrund der bevorzugt deckenden Farbgebung der Pigmente 100 und 110 ist auf der Seite des Magnets 20 des optisch variablen Elements 10 eine schwarze Farbgebung sichtbar, auf der dem Magneten 20 gegenüberliegender Seite des optisch variablen Elements 10 eine weiße Farbgebung sichtbar.Due to the preferred opaque coloring of the
Nach dem Entfernen des Magneten 20 bleibt im Wesentlichen die Anordnung bzw. Orientierung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente 100 und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente 110 erhalten bzw. stabil, ist jedoch beispielsweise von der Dichte, Elastizität und/ oder Viskosität der Dispersion, umfassend die Pigmente 100, 110 sowie der Trägerflüssigkeit 120 und/ oder von mechanischen Kräften, welche von außen auf das optisch variable Element 10 einwirken, sowie gegebenenfalls einer Stabilisierung der Trägerflüssigkeit 120 abhängig.After removal of the
In der
In Bereichen des Aufdrucks 31, an denen der Magnet 20 nicht angeordnet ist, findet kaum bis keine (Neu-) Orientierung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente 100 statt. Bei den optisch variablen Elementen 10, welche bisher noch nicht mit magnetischem Feld beaufschlagt wurden, verbleibt eine homogene Verteilung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente 100 und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente 110 im Wesentlichen erhalten. Ist bereits ein optisch variables Element 10 anhand eines Magnetfeldes beaufschlagt worden, bleibt im Wesentlichen die Orientierung und Positionierung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente 100 und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente 110 erhalten, wobei eine externe Beeinflussung der Positionierung der Pigmente 100, 110 möglich bleiben. Im Wesentlichen wird jedoch die Positionierung der Pigmente 100, 110, welche nicht durch das Magnetfeld beaufschlagt werden, aufgrund der (Neu-) Orientierung der vom Magnetfeld beaufschlagten optisch variablen Elemente 10 nicht beeinflusst.In areas of the
Bei den vom Magnetfeld nicht beaufschlagten optisch variablen Elemente 10 ist in Aufsicht auf die erste Seite 2 aufgrund der bisher nicht erfolgten Beaufschlagung mit magnetischem Feld eine gemischte Farbwiedergabe der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Partikel 100 und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Partikel 110 erkennbar, vorliegend ein Grauton. In Durchsicht auf die zweite Seite 3 ist ebenfalls ein Grauton, jedoch in Abhängigkeit von der Transparenz von Substrat 30, erkennbar.In the case of the optically
Bei den optisch variablen Elementen 10, bei denen bereits eine Orientierung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Partikel 100 stattgefunden hat, würde diese in der Regel ohne weiterer Beaufschlagung durch das Magnetfeld erhalten bleiben. Somit wäre vorliegend in Aufsicht auf die erste Seite 2 eine schwarze Farbwiedergabe bzw. eine weiße Farbwiedergabe und in Durchsicht und/ oder Aufsicht auf die zweite Seite 3 eine weiße Farbwiedergabe bzw. eine schwarze Farbwiedergabe erkennbar, in Abhängig der beispielsweise vorhergenannten externen Beeinflussungen und/ oder der Farbwiedergabe und Transparenz des Substrats 30.In the case of the optically
Wird der Magnet 20 entgegen der Darstellung gemäß
Wie aus der
Die Sichtbarkeit und Farbwiedergabe in Durchsicht bzw. auf der zweiten Seite 3 ist von der Transparenz des Substrats 30 und der Deckfähigkeit des Aufdrucks 31 mit den optisch variablen Elementen 10 abhängig. Beispielsweise bei transluzentem Substrat 30 kann die sichtbare Farbe eine Mischfarbe aus der Farbe des Substrats 30 und dem magnetisch ausrichtbaren Partikel 100 und gegebenenfalls dem magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Partikel 110 sein, wobei in der Regel der Deckungsgrad der Farbwiedergabe der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Partikel 100 und magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Partikel 110 Einfluss nimmt. Vorzugsweise beträgt der Deckungsgrad der Farbwiedergage durch die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Partikel 100 und/ oder magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Partikel 110 der optisch ausrichtbaren Elemente 10 100 Prozent.The visibility and color rendering in view or on the
Der Vorteil eines transparenten Substrats 30 liegt darin, dass eine Neuorientierung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren Partikel 100 und eine damit verbundene veränderte Farbwiedergabe des Sicherheitselements des Aufdrucks 31 sowohl auf der ersten Seite 2 als auch auf der zweiten Seite 3 festgestellt werden kann. Insbesondere kann der Aufdruck 31 hinsichtlich zwei unterschiedlichen Farbwiedergaben geprüft werden. In einer besonderen Ausführungsform ist das transparente Substrat eingefärbt, so dass sich eine Mischfarbe aus dem Zustand des optisch variablen Elements 10 bzw. der Farbe 31 zeigt und somit der Farbeidruck des optisch variablen Elements immer unterschiedlich von der ersten Seite 2 zur zweiten Seite 3 ist.The advantage of a
In einer besonders attraktiven Ausführungsform enthält das transparente Substrat 30 zusätzlich visuell nicht sichtbare UV-absorbierende und/ oder IR-absorbierende Stoffe. Dadurch ist es möglich, auf der ersten Seite 2 und zweiten Seite 3 unabhängig vom visuellen Eindruck unterschiedliche Zusatzeigenschaften zu generieren. Beispielsweise weist das magnetisch nichtorientierbare Pigment 110 eine Fluoreszenzbeschichtung auf. Befindet sich der Magnet 20 bei der zweiten Seite 3, ist bei Aufsicht gemäß Pfeil A auf die erste Seite 2, welche dem Magneten 20 gegenüberliegt, bei Bestrahlung mit UV-Licht eine Fluoreszenz feststellbar. Wird hingegen der Magnet 20 an der ersten Seite 2 angeordnet, ist bei Bestrahlung des Wertdokuments 1, insbesondere der zweiten Seite 3, mit UV-Licht von der zweiten Seite 3 keine Fluoreszenz feststellbar. Somit weisen bei Beaufschlagung mit UV-Licht die erste Seite 2 und zweite Seite 3 einen unterschiedlichen Farbeindruck auf.In a particularly attractive embodiment, the
Bei transluzentem Substrat 30 dagegen ist für eine Verifizierung der beiden Farbwiedergaben ein Positionswechsel der Magnetfeldquelle, vorliegend des Magneten 20, sinnvoll, bei bis optisch dichtem Substrat 30 notwendig, so dass zum einen Mal die magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigmente 100 und zum anderen Mal die magnetisch nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente 110 an der ersten Seite 2 sichtbar sind. Erst dann wäre insbesondere eine Beurteilung auf des Aufdrucks 31, insbesondere dessen Farbgebung und dessen Echtheit möglich.In the case of
In einer Ausführungsform ist vorzugsweise angrenzend zu dem Aufdruck 31 mit dem optisch variablen Elementen 10 eine Referenzfeld angeordnet. Über eine Farbwiedergabe oder einer Informationswiedergabe des Referenzfelds kann die Information, insbesondere der Farbton der optisch variablen Elemente 10 beispielsweise mit dem bloßen Auge eines Betrachters überprüft werden. Vorzugsweise umfasst das Referenzfeld die Farbgebung der magnetisch ausrichtbaren und/ oder nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente 100,110.In one embodiment, a reference field is preferably arranged adjacent to the
Anstelle des in
Die
Zusätzlich zur und vorliegend über der ersten Beschichtung 102a ist eine zweite Beschichtung 102b angeordnet. Die zweite Beschichtung 102b dient zur Modifikation einer Oberflächenspannung des magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments 100. Anhand der zweiten Beschichtung 102b kann das magnetisch ausrichtbare Pigment 100 vorzugsweise vollständig von einem Fluid, beispielsweise der Trägerflüssigkeit 120 (siehe beispielsweise
Auf der zweiten Beschichtung 102b ist eine dritte Beschichtung 103 angeordnet. Die dritte Beschichtung 103 dient ebenfalls als physikalischer Abstandshalter, insbesondere um eine Annäherung des magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments 100 an ein anderes Pigment 100, 110 zu behindern, vorzugsweise auf einen bestimmten Abstand zu beschränken. Die dritte Beschichtung 103 kann eine verzweigte Carbonsäure sein. Die dritte Beschichtung 103 bewirkt vorzugsweise eine sterische Hinderung.On the
Die erste und/ oder zweite Beschichtung 102a, 102b werden vorzugsweise mittels Sprühcoating und/ oder SolGel auf das Magnetmaterial angeordnet. Die dritte Beschichtung 103 wird bevorzugt im Rahmen einer Dispergierung des magnetisch ausrichtbaren Pigments 100 in der Trägerflüssigkeit aufgebracht. Anstatt der ersten, zweiten und dritten Beschichtung 102a, 102b, 103 kann nur eine oder zwei der Beschichtungen an dem Magnetmaterial angeordnet sein.The first and / or
In der
Um die Funktionalität des optisch variablen Elements sicher zu stellen, enthält die Trägerflüssigkeit kein bzw. möglichst keine in Langzeit vernetzbaren Komponenten. Alternativ ist eine schaltbare Vernetzung der Trägerflüssigkeit denkbar, beispielsweise mittels Energieeintrag, insbesondere Bestrahlen, oder chemischer Reaktion, wodurch die magnetisch ausrichtbaren und nichtausrichtbaren Pigmente in der Kapsel eingefroren werden.In order to ensure the functionality of the optically variable element, the carrier liquid contains no or preferably no long-term crosslinkable components. Alternatively, a switchable crosslinking of the carrier liquid is conceivable, for example by means of energy input, in particular irradiation, or chemical reaction, as a result of which the magnetically alignable and non-alignable pigments in the capsule are frozen.
Claims (15)
- An optically variable element (10) for arrangement on a data carrier, such as an object of value, wherein the optically variable element (10) comprises in an optically variable capsule (105) at least two magnetically orientable pigments (100) having a first coloring and at least one magnetically non-orientable pigment (110) having a second coloring, wherein the magnetically orientable pigments (100) and the magnetically non-orientable pigment (110) are present together in the optically variable capsule in a state encapsulated in a dispersion with a carrier fluid as dispersant, characterized in that the magnetically orientable pigments (100) comprise means for spacing apart from the other pigments (100, 110); the magnetically orientable pigments (100) and the magnetically non-orientable pigment (110) and the dispersion have a compatible surface tension, so that the pigments (100, 110) are wettable by the carrier fluid and the magnetically orientable pigments (100) have superparamagnetic properties.
- The optically variable element (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetically orientable pigment (100) comprises Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and/or a mixture thereof, in particular nanomagnetite, preferably a multiplicity of aggregated, non-ordered or oriented nanomagnetites (101), preferably having a very low to no remanence.
- The optically variable element (10) according to either of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optically variable capsule (105) comprises a capsule wall, wherein preferably the capsule wall is configured to be transparent and/or the carrier fluid is a carrier liquid (120), wherein the dispersant is preferably configured to be transparent.
- The optically variable element (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetically orientable pigments (100) and the magnetically non-orientable pigment (110) are movably arranged within the optically variable capsule (105), wherein, in the presence of a magnetic field, the magnetically orientable pigments (100) are configured to orient themselves in the direction of the magnetic field, wherein the magnetically orientable pigments (100) are arranged, in particular, within the optically variable capsule (105) substantially as an accumulation in a position near a magnetic field source, and the magnetically non-orientable pigment (110) is arranged substantially in a position remote from the magnetic field source.
- The optically variable element (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the optically variable element (10), in dependence on the magnetic field and a position of the magnetic field source, is configured to reproduce the first coloring substantially on a first side (2) of the optically variable element (10) that is close to the magnetic field source, and to reproduce the second coloring preferably on a second side (3) that is substantially disposed opposite the first side.
- The optically variable element (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for spacing apart comprises a first coating (102a), wherein the first coating (102a) preferably prevents an agglomeration of a magnetically orientable pigment (100) with a further magnetically orientable pigment (100), wherein preferably the first coating (102a) comprises carbon or SiO2.
- The optically variable element according to claim 6, characterized in that the magnetically orientable pigments have a second coating (102b) for reducing the surface activity, wherein the second coating (102b) has a surface tension that is compatible with the carrier fluid.
- The optically variable element (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the means for spacing apart comprises a spacer based on an organic and/or inorganic third coating (103), preferably between 1 and 20 nm, particularly preferably with a hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface, and/or a branched carboxylic acid (103).
- The optically variable element (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the magnetically orientable pigments (100) comprise a magnetically orientable region and comprise a chromophore region for reproducing the first coloring, in particular a dye, preferably carbon black and/or organic colored pigments.
- The optically variable element (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that the magnetically orientable region is enveloped by the chromophore region and/or the chromophore region is configured as a coating of the magnetically orientable region.
- The optically variable element (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optically variable capsule (105) as a microcapsule, preferably with an average diameter of 6 - 50 µm, and/or at least one of the magnetically orientable pigments (100) has an average diameter of less than 3 µm, in particular less than 1 µm, and/or the non-magnetically orientable pigment (110) has an average diameter of less than 3 µm, in particular less than 1 µm.
- The optically variable element (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the optically variable element (10), in particular at least one of the magnetically orientable pigments (100) and/or the magnetically non-orientable pigment (100), comprise(s) an effect pigment and/or an effect dye, in particular an IR, UV and/or a luminescent pigment and/or dye, in particular as a coating.
- The optically variable element (10) according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that during or after a magnetic field application, the magnetically orientable pigments (100) are arranged on one side of the optically variable element, in particular in the optically variable capsule (105), and the optically variable element (10), in particular the optically variable capsule (105), when viewing the side with the magnetically orientable pigments (100) or the side disposed opposite thereto, has the same coloring or color reproduction regardless of the viewing or illumination angle.
- An optically variable security element for arrangement on a value element, in particular a value document, wherein the optically variable security element comprises an optically variable element (10) according to any of claims 1 to 13.
- A data carrier, in particular a chip card, identity document and/or value document, having an optically variable security element according to claim 14 or an optically variable element (10) according to any of claims 1 to 13.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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DE102016000587.4A DE102016000587A1 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2016-01-21 | Optically variable element with magnetically orientable pigment |
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EP3196045A1 EP3196045A1 (en) | 2017-07-26 |
EP3196045B1 true EP3196045B1 (en) | 2018-12-19 |
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EP17000096.2A Active EP3196045B1 (en) | 2016-01-21 | 2017-01-20 | Optically variable element with magnetically orientable pigment |
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DE (1) | DE102016000587A1 (en) |
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DE102017009507A1 (en) | 2017-10-12 | 2019-04-18 | Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh | Method for monitoring the temperature or time of an object |
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GB2292119B (en) * | 1994-08-10 | 1998-12-30 | Chemitech Inc | A process for producing a magnetic display sheet using microcapsules |
JP5158921B2 (en) * | 2005-12-28 | 2013-03-06 | 日本発條株式会社 | Identification medium |
DE102009023982A1 (en) * | 2009-06-05 | 2010-12-09 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | security element |
WO2015148398A1 (en) * | 2014-03-25 | 2015-10-01 | E Ink California, Llc | Magnetophoretic display assembly and driving scheme |
DE102014019222A1 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2016-07-07 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Production of a security feature |
-
2016
- 2016-01-21 DE DE102016000587.4A patent/DE102016000587A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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