EP3190292A1 - Distribution device for a hydraulic machine and hydraulic machine provided with such a device - Google Patents
Distribution device for a hydraulic machine and hydraulic machine provided with such a device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3190292A1 EP3190292A1 EP16197607.1A EP16197607A EP3190292A1 EP 3190292 A1 EP3190292 A1 EP 3190292A1 EP 16197607 A EP16197607 A EP 16197607A EP 3190292 A1 EP3190292 A1 EP 3190292A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- distribution
- distributor
- bore
- ducts
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 25
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003042 antagnostic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/0404—Details or component parts
- F04B1/0452—Distribution members, e.g. valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F03C1/0447—Controlling
- F03C1/0457—Controlling by changing the effective piston stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F03C1/0403—Details, component parts specially adapted of such engines
- F03C1/0435—Particularities relating to the distribution members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F03C1/0403—Details, component parts specially adapted of such engines
- F03C1/0415—Cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F03C1/0447—Controlling
- F03C1/045—Controlling by using a valve in a system with several pump or motor chambers, wherein the flow path through the chambers can be changed, e.g. series-parallel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03C—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS
- F03C1/00—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines
- F03C1/02—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders
- F03C1/04—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement
- F03C1/047—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the pistons co-operating with an actuated element at the outer ends of the cylinders
- F03C1/0472—Reciprocating-piston liquid engines with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders with cylinders in star or fan arrangement the pistons co-operating with an actuated element at the outer ends of the cylinders with cam-actuated distribution members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/06—Control
- F04B1/063—Control by using a valve in a system with several pumping chambers wherein the flow-path through the chambers can be changed, e.g. between series and parallel flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/10—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement the cylinders being movable, e.g. rotary
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2035—Cylinder barrels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/2014—Details or component parts
- F04B1/2064—Housings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
- F04B1/20—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block
- F04B1/22—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having rotary cylinder block having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a dispensing device for a hydraulic machine comprising a distributor which has distribution ducts opening into a radial dispensing face, as well as a counter-dispenser, one of the elements constituted by the distributor and by the counterpart -dispenser being fitted into the other of said elements, such that said elements have respective axial faces facing between which are provided a first and a second main enclosure, the device comprising means for selecting the cubic capacity able to define at least three separate operating displacements, selectively connecting the distribution ducts with a first or a second main duct, supply or exhaust via the main speakers.
- the counter-distributor is a fixed part in rotation, through which the fluid passes, in particular for the supply or the exhaust, before reaching the distributor, which distributes this fluid between the different distribution ducts, which are in communication one after the other with the cylinders of the cylinder block of the hydraulic machine.
- the counter-distributor is a housing part; for example, for a rotary crankcase and fixed cylinder block machine, the counter-distributor is a fixed core.
- the document EP 0 284 460 discloses a pressurized fluid mechanism, motor or pump, having three displacement cylinders and whose distributor, which is an internal distributor, has a radial distribution face.
- This mechanism comprises two displacement selectors, each arranged in the housing portion of the dispensing device and can be controlled separately.
- This mechanism is satisfactory, but it has two disadvantages.
- its radial size is important since it requires to be able to accommodate two drawers of displacement selection in two different bores, formed in the housing part of the dispensing device.
- it requires a very specific distributor and counter-distributor, which must be specially provided for this mechanism, without being able either to be used as such for mechanisms having a single displacement or two displacements. .
- the document FR 2 127 268 also discloses a hydraulic mechanism having three displacement cylinders.
- a displacement selection device is disposed in the distributor, which is an internal distributor.
- This mechanism comprises a drawer that can adopt three positions: a first position obtained by supplying fluid to a first control chamber, a second position obtained by feeding another control chamber opposite to the first, and a third position obtained without powering the chambers of command, but under the effect of a return spring.
- This mechanism partially overcomes the problem previously mentioned since the displacement selection device is disposed in the internal distributor.
- the geometry of the displacement drawer of the cubic capacity is complex.
- the geometry of the distribution ducts made in the internal distributor is complex, so that these ducts open close to each other in the different regions of the bore in which moves the single cylinder selection drawer .
- the distribution face is an outer axial face of the inner distributor, the latter being inserted as a core inside the cylinder block. Due to the complexity of the geometry of the distribution ducts, this mechanism does not seem compatible with a distributor having a radial distribution face. Consequently, this mechanism also requires a large radial space and, in fact, it can only be used for axial distribution face technology, which has certain disadvantages, particularly in terms of sealing between the axial distribution face and the axial face. communicating the cylinder block into which the cylinder ducts open to be placed in communication with the distribution ducts.
- the invention relates to a dispensing device for a hydraulic machine comprising a distributor which has distribution ducts opening into a radial distribution face, and a counter-distributor, one of the elements constituted by the distributor and the counter distributor being fitted into the other of said elements, so that said elements have respective opposite axial faces between which are provided a first and a second main enclosure, the device comprising means for selecting the displacement capable of defining at least three distinct operating displacements, by selectively connecting the distribution ducts with a first or a second main duct, supply or exhaust, via the main speakers; in this device, the means for selecting the displacement comprise a first and a second slide disposed one after the other in a bore of one of the elements constituted by the distributor and the counter-distributor, bore which are connected to the main speakers and at least a portion of the distribution ducts, the drawers being configured to adopt at least three distinct configurations establishing different connections between the main ducts and the distribution ducts via the main speakers
- two drawers are arranged in the same bore of the distributor or counter-distributor.
- Each of these two drawers can itself be relatively small, and their respective orders are easy.
- the part (counter-distributor or distributor) other than that in which this bore is formed, is not affected by the capacity selection means, so that one can use the same part "standard” for different types of hydraulic machines, with several displacements or not.
- this device is compatible with a dispenser type "ice” in which the distribution face is radial, and is therefore in axial abutment against the communication face of the cylinder block, so as to ensure the desired seal. This device can therefore be used in hydraulic machines remaining radially compact, and for controlled production costs, while ensuring the required reliability.
- the bore is axially arranged and the drawers are axially displaceable to define said distinct configurations.
- the bore is formed in that of the elements constituted by the distributor and the counter-distributor which is fitted into the other of said elements.
- the bore is central.
- the internal distributor may generally have a symmetry of revolution about its axis, which is the axis of rotation of the rotor of the hydraulic machine equipped with the device.
- the device comprises a spring disposed between the facing faces of the two drawers to permanently solicit a relative movement of the drawers, in particular a movement between the drawers from one another, and control means for controlling selectively a controlled displacement of each drawer in the opposite direction in the direction of said relative movement for the drawer in question.
- the spring is disposed in an area of the bore connected to a leak return duct.
- the device comprises a stop adapted to cooperate with the drawer in question, to limit the movement of this drawer in said opposite direction regardless of the position of the other drawer.
- the considered displacements of the two drawers can be completely independent and one can obtain four relative positions, and thus four displacement cylinders, as will be indicated in the following.
- control means comprise a first control chamber for the first spool and a second control chamber for the second spool, said control chambers being adapted to be supplied with fluid to selectively control said controlled displacement of each spool.
- the hydraulic control means of the movements of the drawers may thus comprise only a first chamber associated with the first slide and a second chamber associated with the second slide, without requiring other hydraulic control chambers.
- control chambers are arranged at the respective ends of the drawers opposite the spring.
- the dispenser is fitted into the counter distributor which forms a housing part of the device.
- the distributor then forms an internal distributor.
- first and second drawers are respectively disposed in a first and a second section of the bore which each have a first distribution groove connected to the first main enclosure and a second distribution groove connected to the second main enclosure; the first and second sections of the bore each have a connecting groove adapted to be connected to one or other of the first and second distribution grooves of the section considered according to the position of the slide located in said section; and, among the distribution ducts, separate groups of distribution ducts are respectively connected to the connecting grooves and the distribution grooves.
- the distributor is fixed in rotation, the bore is formed in the distributor, the first distribution grooves are interconnected by a first drilling of the distributor and the second distribution grooves are interconnected by a second drilling of the distributor.
- the counter-distributor may be a standard part, suitable both for machines having more displacement than machines with a single displacement.
- the distributor is fixed in rotation, the bore is formed in a housing part in which the distributor is fitted, and the first distribution grooves are interconnected by a first drilling of said housing portion and the second grooves of distribution are interconnected by a second drilling of said housing portion.
- the distributor that may be a standard part, suitable both for machines having more displacement than machines with a single displacement.
- first and second drawers are respectively disposed in a first and a second section of the bore which each have a first distribution groove connected to the first main conduit and a second distribution groove connected to the second main conduit, the first and second second sections of the bore each have a connecting groove adapted to be connected to one or the other of the first and second distribution grooves of the section considered according to the position of the slide located in said section and, among the distribution ducts separate groups of distribution ducts are respectively connected to the connecting grooves and the distribution grooves.
- the distributor is rotatable, the bore is formed in the counter-distributor, which is fitted into the dispenser, the first distribution grooves are interconnected by a first hole of the counter-distributor connected to the first main conduit and the second The distribution grooves are interconnected by a second bore of the counter-distributor connected to the second main duct.
- a first and a second secondary enclosure formed between the axial faces facing the distributor and the counter-distributor, are respectively connected to the first and the second connecting groove.
- the connecting groove is located between the first and second distribution grooves, and each of the first and second drawers has a communication groove for communicating the connecting groove with the first or the second distribution groove according to the position of the drawer.
- said distribution ducts are connected to the second main duct.
- the aforementioned connections to the first and / or second main duct can be performed via the main speakers.
- the distribution ducts of the second groups primary, secondary and tertiary are interconnected, regardless of the configuration of the drawers.
- the distribution ducts of the first primary group are connected to the first distribution groove of at least one of the first and second sections of the bore
- the distribution ducts of the second primary, secondary and tertiary groups are connected to the second distribution groove of at least one of the first and second sections of the bore
- the distribution ducts of the first tertiary group are connected to the connecting groove of the first section
- the distribution ducts of the first secondary group are connected to the connecting groove of the second section.
- the distribution ducts of the first primary group comprise at least one duct opening into the first distribution groove of the first section of the bore and at least one duct opening into the first distribution groove of the second section of the bore
- / or the distribution ducts of the second primary, secondary and tertiary groups comprise at least one duct opening into the second distribution groove of the first section of the bore and at least one duct opening into the second distribution groove of the second section of the bore.
- the geometry of the distribution ducts in the internal distributor can be simplified since distribution ducts can open into different areas of the bore while having, as a function of the movements of the drawers, the same fluidic connections.
- the hydraulic machine represented on the figure 1 is of the fixed casing and rotary cylinder block type. This is a hydraulic machine, motor or pump, with radial pistons.
- This machine comprises a fixed housing in three parts 2A, 2B and 2C, assembled by screws 3.
- a corrugated reaction cam 4 is formed on the part 2B of the housing.
- the machine comprises a cylinder block 6 which is mounted in relative rotation about an axis 10 with respect to the cam 4 and which comprises a plurality of radial cylinders 12, which can be supplied with fluid under pressure and inside. of which are mounted sliding radial pistons 14.
- the cylinder block 6 rotates a shaft 5 which cooperates with it by splines 7.
- This shaft carries an outlet flange 9.
- the machine further comprises a fluid distributor 16 which is secured to the housing with respect to the rotation about the axis 10.
- the dispensing device comprises this distributor 16, which is in this case an internal distributor, and the housing portion 2C, in which is housed the internal distributor.
- This crankcase portion 2C which is also referred to as a "dispensing cover”, forms a counter-dispenser within the meaning of this disclosure.
- This part 2C can be of a block having a bell-shaped shape, or being closed at its axial end opposite to the cylinder block, by an attached plate.
- the internal distributor 16 has a radial distribution face 16A, perpendicular to the axis 10, into which outlets distribution channels.
- the internal distributor 16 also has an outer axial face 16B, which has a first main groove 18 and a second main groove 20, which serve respectively to supply and exhaust the fluid, or vice versa. It will be considered in the following that, in the preferred direction of operation of the engine, the groove 18 is a feed groove and the groove 20 is an exhaust groove.
- the internal axial face 2C 'of the distribution cover 2C which faces the external axial face 16B of the distributor, has main grooves 18' and 20 'respectively facing the grooves 18 and 20.
- grooves 18' and 20 communicating with main supply or exhaust pipes, respectively 1 and 2, which are drilled in the wall of the distribution cover 2C.
- the grooves 18 'and 20' are the only grooves of the distribution cover 2C serving to supply or exhaust the fluid vis-à-vis the cylinders.
- the dispensing cover is of standard type and, insofar as the displacement selector is disposed in the internal fluid distributor as will be seen later, it is not necessary that the distribution cover or the external axial face of the internal distributor has other main grooves to ensure the supply or the exhaust of the cylinders.
- the capacity selection means comprises an axial bore 22, in this case a central bore relative to the axis 10, and two drawers, respectively 24 and 26, disposed in this bore.
- This displacement selector also comprises a spring 28 disposed between the drawers 24 and 26.
- the opposite faces of the drawers 24 and 26 have the recesses, respectively 24A and 26A, in which the opposite ends of the spring 28 are housed.
- the spring 28 constantly urges a relative movement of the drawers. In the present case, it is a compression spring which is constantly tending to move the two drawers apart by tending to move the drawer 24 in the direction F2 and move the drawer 26 in the direction F1.
- Distribution ducts are formed in the internal distributor 16.
- Each distribution duct has an end that opens into the distribution face 16A for, during the relative rotation of the cylinder block and the cam, to be put into communication with a cylinder duct 32.
- Each distribution duct is also connected, either directly or via the displacement selector, to one of the main grooves 18 and 20 to be connected to the supply or the exhaust.
- the first and second sections of the bore 22 in which are respectively arranged the first slide 24 and the second slide 26 each have a first distribution groove, respectively 24D1 and 26D1 which is permanently connected to the first groove main 18 and therefore the first main duct 1, and a second distribution groove respectively 24D2 and 26D2 which is permanently connected to the second main groove 20 and therefore to the second main duct 2.
- the figure 1 shows a bore 25, which is formed in the inner distributor 16 and connects the distribution grooves 24D1 and 26D1.
- the first and second sections of the bore 22 in which the drawers 20 and 24 are respectively arranged each further have a connecting groove, respectively 24L and 26L which, for each section, is capable of being connected to one or the other. other first and second distribution grooves according to the position of the drawer 26.
- the control means of the displacement selector comprise a first control chamber 34 for the first slide 24 and a second control chamber 36 for the second slide 26. These chambers are supplied with fluid by control ducts, respectively for the chamber. 34, and 37 for the chamber 36. These pilot ducts are formed by holes in the internal distributor 16, and open into grooves, respectively 35A and 37A, the distribution cover 2C. This cover itself has holes, respectively 35B and 37B, which open into these grooves to communicate with the control ducts 35 and 37.
- the holes 35B and 37B are connected to valves (not shown) to be selectively connected to a source of pressurized fluid, for example booster fluid, or to a tank without overpressure, so as to feed the control chambers or to let them purge.
- Seals are disposed between the outer axial face 16B of the inner distributor and the inner axial face 2C 'of the distribution lid, on either side of the grooves 35A, 20/20', 18/18 'and 37A previously mentioned.
- these axial faces have shoulders, also arranged between joints, such as the shoulder e, to balance the axial thrust forces of the inner distributor on the cylinder block, the spaces formed between two opposite shoulders that can be fed in pushing fluid.
- the control chambers 34 and 36 are arranged at the respective ends of the drawers. More specifically, the chamber 34 is delimited between the end 24B of the slide 24 opposite the cavity 24A and a cover 22A which is attached to the internal distributor so as to close the bore 22.
- the chamber 36 is disposed between the end 26B of the slide 26 opposite the cavity 26A and the opposite end 22B of the bore which is closed by a bottom portion 16 'of the inner distributor. This bottom portion 16 'may be formed by an attached cover or a wall in one piece with the body of the inner distributor 16.
- the cover 22A is disposed on the side of the distributor which is close to the block. cylinders.
- the connecting groove 24L of the first section of the bore 22 is situated between the distribution grooves 24D1 and 24D2 of this section, just as the connection groove 26L of the second section is located between the distribution grooves 26D1 and 26D2 of this section. section.
- the external axial peripheries of the drawers 24 and 26 have communication grooves. More specifically, the outer periphery of the slide 24 has a communication groove 24C which, depending on the position of this slide, communicates between them the grooves 24L and 24D1 by isolating them from the groove 24D2 ( figure 1 ) or makes the grooves 24L and 24D2 communicate with one another by isolating them from the groove 24D1 ( figures 2 and 3 ).
- the outer periphery of the slide 26 has a communication groove 26C which, according to the position of the slide 26, makes the grooves 26D1 and 26L communicate with each other by isolating them from the groove 26D2 ( figures 1 and 2 ) or makes the grooves 26D2 and 26L communicate with each other by isolating them from the groove 26D1 ( figure 3 ).
- the zone of the bore 22 in which the spring 28 is arranged between the drawers 24 and 26, is connected to a leak return duct 38 which opens into the radial face 16A of the internal distributor 16 and communicates with the internal space of the housing to reduce the leaks to a tank without overpressure.
- the internal distributor has a radial bore 38 ', which extends between the aforementioned region of the bore and the duct 38, which is oriented axially.
- the first spool 24 has moved in the direction F1, away from the cover 22A and towards the opposite end 22B of the bore 22.
- the spool 26 is also in its extreme position towards this end 22B of the bore, since the chamber 36 is not supplied with fluid.
- a thrust is exerted on the slide 26, via a direct cooperation between the drawers or via the force exerted by the spring 28.
- the grooves 24D1 and 24L communicate with each other
- the grooves 26D1 and 26L communicate with each other and these four grooves communicate with the first main groove 18, while the grooves 24D2 and 26D2 communicate with the second main groove 20.
- the grooves 26D1 and 26L communicate with each other and, like the groove 24D1, they communicate with the first main groove 18, while the grooves 24D2 and 24L communicate with each other and, like the groove 26D2, they communicate with the second main throat 20.
- the distribution ducts of the first primary group are all connected either to the groove 24D1 or to the groove 26D1, while the distribution ducts of the second primary group are all connected either to the groove 24D2 or the groove 26D2 . It may be interesting, however, for some of the distribution ducts of the first primary group to be connected to the groove 24D1 (like the conduit 30) while the remaining part is connected to the groove 26D1. Similarly, it may be interesting that some of the distribution ducts of the second primary group are connected to the groove 24D2 while the remaining portion is connected to the groove 26D2.
- the distribution ducts of the first secondary group can all be connected to the groove 26L, while the distribution ducts of the second secondary group can all be connected to either the groove 24D2 or the groove 26D2 (or are distributed between connected ducts to the groove 24D2 and ducts connected to the groove 26D2).
- the distribution ducts of the first tertiary group can all, like the conduit 31, be connected to the groove 24L, while the distribution ducts of the second tertiary group are all connected either to the groove 24D2, or to the groove 26D2 (or are distributed between conduits connected to the groove 24D2 and ducts connected to the groove 26D2).
- the distribution ducts of the second primary, secondary and tertiary groups are all permanently connected to each other, and to the second main groove 20; the distribution ducts of the first tertiary group are also connected to this groove 20 when the third machine M3 is inactive ( figures 2 and 5 ); the distribution ducts of the first secondary group are also connected to this groove 20 when the machine M2 is inactive ( figures 3 , 6 and 7 ).
- This machine therefore has a preferred direction of operation, in which the main groove 20 is connected to the fluid outlet.
- FIGS 4 to 7 show an embodiment in which the supply of a control chamber 34 or 36 solicits the displacement of the corresponding drawer, 24 or 26, without causing the displacement of the other drawer.
- the same references are used as on the Figures 1 to 3 .
- This embodiment differs from that of Figures 1 to 3 in that, for each drawer, an abutment limits the movement of the drawer during the supply of the corresponding control chamber.
- the slide 24 has a shoulder 44 located in this case towards its end 24B.
- this shoulder 44 abuts against an abutment surface 44 'located on a surface of the bore 22; in this case this surface is formed at the free end of this bore located in the distribution face 16A.
- the slide 26 has a shoulder 46, located towards its end 26B and which, when the control chamber 36 is supplied with fluid, abuts against an abutment surface 46 'formed in the wall of the bore 22.
- the displacement selector is capable of adopting four different configurations, corresponding to four separate displacements.
- the figure 4 shows the first configuration, which corresponds to that of the figure 1 , the chamber 34 being supplied with fluid and the slide 24 is thus moved in the direction F1, while the slide 26 remains towards the bottom 22B of the bore, the control chamber 36 is not fed.
- the slide 24 has moved in the direction F1 until its shoulder 44 has come into abutment against the surface 44 'of the bore.
- the communication between the different gorges is then the same as on the figure 1 , so that the three sub-machines M1, M2 and M3 mentioned above are active.
- the configuration represented on the figure 5 corresponds to that of the figure 2 none of the two control chambers 34 and 36 being supplied with fluid, and the two drawers being respectively pushed towards the cover 22A and towards the bottom 26B of the bore.
- the communication between the different gorges is then the same as on the figure 2 , so that only the sub-machines M1 and M2 are active.
- the configuration of the figure 6 corresponds to that of the figure 3 , the two drawers being in their extreme positions in the direction of the arrow F2, only the chamber 36 being fed. In its movement in the direction F2, the slide 26 has stopped by the abutment of its shoulder 46 against the abutment surface 46 '. The communication between the different gorges is the same on the figure 3 , so that only the sub-machine M1 is active.
- the figure 7 illustrates the additional configuration that can be obtained thanks to the presence of the stops, according to which the two chambers 34 and 36 are supplied with fluid, so that the slide 24 has moved in the direction F1 until the abutment of the shoulder 44 against the surface 44 ', and that the slide 26 has moved in the direction F2 until the abutment of the shoulder 46' against the surface 46.
- the fluidic connections of the grooves 24D1, 24L and 24D2 of the first section of the bore are the same as on the figure 1
- the fluidic connections of the grooves 26D1, 26L and 26D2 are the same as on the figure 3 .
- the grooves 24D1 and 24L communicate with each other while being isolated from the groove 24D2, and the grooves 26D2 and 26L communicate with each other while being isolated from the groove 26D1.
- the sub-machines M1 and M3 are active while the sub-machine M2 is inactive.
- the distribution ducts of the first primary and tertiary groups are connected to the groove 18
- the distribution ducts of the second primary and tertiary groups are connected to the groove 20
- the distribution ducts of the first and second secondary groups are interconnected, being in this case also connected to the second groove 20.
- the machine of the figure 8 is of the rotary cylinder block and fixed housing type; its internal distributor 116 is fitted into the counter-distributor 102C, which forms part of the housing 2A, 2B and 102C.
- the machine of the figure 8 its displacement selector disposed in the portion 102C of the housing and not in its internal distributor 116 which, in this case, is hollow.
- the axial recess 115 of the distributor 116 may for example be used to house a brake shaft (not shown).
- the displacement selector is housed in a bore 122 of the part 2C of the housing which, for this purpose, may have a radial extension.
- the bore 122 is offset relative to the axis 10 of the machine.
- the bore 122, the two drawers 124 and 126, and the spring 128 of the displacement selector are similar to the bore 22, the drawers 24 and 26 and the spring 28 of the Figures 1 to 3 . Stops similar to those described with reference to Figures 4 to 7 can also be planned.
- the distribution grooves and connecting grooves 124D2, 124L, 124D1, 126D2, 126L and 124D1 are organized as the grooves 24D2, 24L, 2D1, 26D2, 26L and 26D1 of the preceding figures.
- the area of the bore 122 between the drawers 124 and 126 is connected to a leak return duct, for example by a radial bore of which we see the primer 138 '.
- the control chambers 134 and 136 are arranged like the control chambers 34 and 36 and, as they are fed by control ducts, respectively 135 and 137.
- a first main enclosure 118 which is connected to the first main conduit 1, is formed between the inner axial face 102C 'of the counter-distributor 102C and the outer axial face 116B of the distributor 116, which are opposite.
- a second main enclosure 120 which is connected to the second main conduit 2, is also formed between these axial faces 102C 'and 116B opposite.
- the distribution grooves 124D1 and 126D1 are permanently connected to the first main enclosure 118, and the distribution grooves 124D2 and 126D2 are connected permanently to the second main speaker 120.
- the main speakers 118 and 120 are defined by respective grooves of the axial face 102C 'and the axial face 116B, which are in register.
- the distribution grooves 124D2 and 126D1 are respectively connected to the main speakers 120 and 118 by radial bores, respectively 121 and 119, against the distributor 102C;
- the distribution groove 124D1 is connected by a hole P1 of the counter-distributor to a buffer chamber ET1, which is formed between the faces 102C 'and 116B and is connected to the chamber 118 by a first connection hole L1 of the counter-distributor ;
- the distribution groove 126D2 is connected by a bore P2 of the counter-distributor to a buffer chamber ET2, which is formed between the faces 102C 'and 116B and is connected to the chamber 120 by a second connection bore L2 of the counterpart distributor.
- first distribution grooves 124D1 and 126D1 are interconnected by the first connection bore L1 of the counter-distributor formed by the housing portion 102C, and the second distribution grooves 124D2 and 126D2 are interconnected by the second bore L2 of this housing part.
- the first connecting groove 124L is connected by a hole PL1 of the counter-distributor to a first secondary enclosure ES1 formed between the faces 102C 'and 116B
- the second connecting groove 126L is connected by a hole PL2 of the counter-distributor to a second secondary speaker ES2 formed between the faces 102C 'and 116B.
- the distribution ducts like the duct 131 ', open in the radial distribution face 116A of the distributor 116 and are connected, in groups, to the enclosures 118, 120 (and possibly ET1, ET2), ES1 and ES2 which come to be described.
- FIG 9 shows an exemplary embodiment for a machine having a non-rotating cylinder block and a rotary housing, the distributor being also rotatable.
- the figure 9 is a partial section. It only shows the essential elements for understanding.
- the cylinder block 206 has radial cylinders 212 in which are mounted pistons 214 movable radially back and forth against the cam 204, itself formed in a housing portion 202B.
- the fluid distributor and the displacement selector are housed in a housing portion 202C.
- the distributor 216 is secured in rotation with this housing portion 202C by any appropriate means, for example by a connection 205 of the Oldham seal between radial faces facing the distributor 216 and the housing portion 202C.
- the counter-distributor 217 is fitted into the distributor 216 and thus forms a core which, like the cylinder block, is non-rotating.
- the internal axial face 216B of the distributor 216 is facing the outer axial face 217 'of the counter-distributor 217 and rotates relative thereto.
- the bore 222 of the displacement selector is formed in the counter-distributor 217; this bore is in this case centered on the axis of rotation of the machine (that is to say, the axis of rotation of the distributor and the housing of the machine).
- Bore 222 has distribution grooves and connecting grooves 224D2, 224L, 224D1, 226D2, 226L and 224D1, which are respectively organized as grooves 24D2, 24L, 2D1, 26D2, 26L and 26D1 described with reference to FIGS. Figures 1 to 3 .
- Drawers 224 and 226, as well as a spring 228, respectively similar to the drawers 24, 26 and the spring 28, are arranged in the bore 222.
- Control chambers 234 and 236, arranged as the control chambers 34 and 36 are, as they, fed by control conduits, respectively 235 and 237.
- the first distribution grooves 224D1 and 226D1 are permanently connected to each other (by a hole 1 'of the counter-distributor) and to the first main pipe 1, while the second distribution grooves 224D2 and 226D2 are permanently interconnected (by a bore 2 'of the counter-distributor) and the second main duct 2. Furthermore, the first distribution groove 226D1 is connected to a first main enclosure 218, by a bore of the counter-distributor schematized by an arrow in the figure. Similarly, the second distribution groove 224D2 is connected to a second main enclosure 220 by bores of the counter-distributor schematized by an arrow. The first main enclosure 218 is thus permanently connected to the first main duct 1 and the first distribution grooves, while the second main enclosure 220 is permanently connected to the second main duct 2 and the second distribution grooves.
- the first connection groove 224L is connected to a first secondary enclosure ES1 and the second connecting groove 226L is connected to a second secondary enclosure ES2, these secondary enclosures being provided between the facing axial faces 217 'and 216B.
- the distribution ducts open into the radial distribution face 216A of the distributor 216 and are connected in groups to the enclosures 218, 220, ES1 and ES2.
- connection of the distributor to the main ducts is therefore performed via a core 217 "of the machine which forms a stator and passes inside the cylinder block, for example if the machine is a drive motor of a wheel, its housing can form a part of the hub of the wheel, and this core 217 "may be the rocket of the wheel.Also, the pilot ducts 235 and 237 that serve to the supply of control chambers 234 and 236 pass in this case by this core 217 ".
- the distribution grooves 224D1 and 224D2 can be selectively connected to the connecting groove 224L by a communication groove 224C of the slide 224, just as the distribution grooves 226D1 and 226D2 can be selectively connected to the groove link 226L by a communication groove 226C of the drawer 226; the respective positions of these drawers are controlled by the control chambers 234 and 236, being further noted that the drawers may have stops of the type described in reference to Figures 4 to 7 to be able to adopt four relative positions.
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Abstract
Le dispositif comprend un distributeur (16) qui présente des conduits de distribution débouchant dans une face radiale de distribution (16A), et un contre-distributeur emmanchés l'un dans l'autre de sorte que deux enceintes principales (18, 20) sont ménagées entre leurs faces axiales en regard. Le dispositif comprend un sélecteur de cylindrée comprenant deux tiroirs (24, 26) disposés l'un à la suite de l'autre dans un alésage (22) de l'élément emmanché dans l'autre, auquel sont raccordées les enceintes principales (18, 20) et au moins une partie des conduits de distribution (30, 31). Les tiroirs peuvent adopter au moins trois configurations distinctes établissant des liaisons différentes entre les conduits principaux (18, 20) et les conduits de distribution via les enceintes principales, pour pouvoir obtenir au moins trois cylindrées distinctes de fonctionnement.The device comprises a distributor (16) which has distribution ducts opening into a radial distribution face (16A), and a counter-distributor fitted into each other so that two main enclosures (18, 20) are arranged between their axial faces opposite. The device comprises a displacement selector comprising two drawers (24, 26) arranged one after the other in a bore (22) of the element fitted in the other, to which the main speakers are connected (18). , 20) and at least a part of the distribution ducts (30, 31). The drawers may adopt at least three distinct configurations establishing different connections between the main ducts (18, 20) and the distribution ducts via the main speakers, to be able to obtain at least three distinct displacements of operation.
Description
Le présent exposé concerne un dispositif de distribution pour une machine hydraulique comprenant un distributeur qui présente des conduits de distribution débouchant dans une face radiale de distribution, ainsi qu'un contre-distributeur, l'un des éléments constitués par le distributeur et par le contre-distributeur étant emmanché dans l'autre desdits éléments, de sorte que lesdits éléments présentent des faces axiales respectives en regard entre lesquelles sont ménagées une première et une deuxième enceinte principale, le dispositif comprenant des moyens de sélection de la cylindrée aptes à définir au moins trois cylindrées distinctes de fonctionnement, en reliant sélectivement les conduits de distribution avec un premier ou un deuxième conduit principal, d'alimentation ou d'échappement, via les enceintes principales.The present disclosure relates to a dispensing device for a hydraulic machine comprising a distributor which has distribution ducts opening into a radial dispensing face, as well as a counter-dispenser, one of the elements constituted by the distributor and by the counterpart -dispenser being fitted into the other of said elements, such that said elements have respective axial faces facing between which are provided a first and a second main enclosure, the device comprising means for selecting the cubic capacity able to define at least three separate operating displacements, selectively connecting the distribution ducts with a first or a second main duct, supply or exhaust via the main speakers.
Classiquement, le contre-distributeur est une pièce fixe en rotation, par laquelle transite le fluide, en particulier pour l'alimentation ou l'échappement, avant de parvenir au distributeur, qui distribue ce fluide entre les différents conduits de distribution, lesquels sont mis en communication les uns après les autres avec les cylindres du bloc-cylindres de la machine hydraulique. Par exemple, pour une machine à carter fixe et à bloc-cylindres rotatif, le contre-distributeur est une partie de carter ; par exemple, pour une machine à carter rotatif et à bloc-cylindres fixe, le contre-distributeur est un noyau fixe.Conventionally, the counter-distributor is a fixed part in rotation, through which the fluid passes, in particular for the supply or the exhaust, before reaching the distributor, which distributes this fluid between the different distribution ducts, which are in communication one after the other with the cylinders of the cylinder block of the hydraulic machine. For example, for a machine with fixed housing and rotary cylinder block, the counter-distributor is a housing part; for example, for a rotary crankcase and fixed cylinder block machine, the counter-distributor is a fixed core.
Le document
Le document
Ainsi, selon un aspect, l'invention concerne un dispositif de distribution pour une machine hydraulique comprenant un distributeur qui présente des conduits de distribution débouchant dans une face radiale de distribution, ainsi qu'un contre-distributeur, l'un des éléments constitués par le distributeur et par le contre-distributeur étant emmanché dans l'autre desdits éléments, de sorte que lesdits éléments présentent des faces axiales respectives en regard entre lesquelles sont ménagées une première et une deuxième enceinte principale, le dispositif comprenant des moyens de sélection de la cylindrée aptes à définir au moins trois cylindrées distinctes de fonctionnement, en reliant sélectivement les conduits de distribution avec un premier ou un deuxième conduit principal, d'alimentation ou d'échappement, via les enceintes principales ; dans ce dispositif, les moyens de sélection de la cylindrée comprennent un premier et un deuxième tiroir disposés l'un à la suite de l'autre dans un alésage de l'un des éléments constitués par le distributeur et par le contre-distributeur, alésage auquel sont raccordés les enceintes principales et au moins une partie des conduits de distribution, les tiroirs étant configurés pour adopter au moins trois configurations distinctes établissant des liaisons différentes entre les conduits principaux et les conduits de distribution via les enceintes principales.Thus, according to one aspect, the invention relates to a dispensing device for a hydraulic machine comprising a distributor which has distribution ducts opening into a radial distribution face, and a counter-distributor, one of the elements constituted by the distributor and the counter distributor being fitted into the other of said elements, so that said elements have respective opposite axial faces between which are provided a first and a second main enclosure, the device comprising means for selecting the displacement capable of defining at least three distinct operating displacements, by selectively connecting the distribution ducts with a first or a second main duct, supply or exhaust, via the main speakers; in this device, the means for selecting the displacement comprise a first and a second slide disposed one after the other in a bore of one of the elements constituted by the distributor and the counter-distributor, bore which are connected to the main speakers and at least a portion of the distribution ducts, the drawers being configured to adopt at least three distinct configurations establishing different connections between the main ducts and the distribution ducts via the main speakers.
Selon cet aspect, deux tiroirs sont disposés dans le même alésage du distributeur ou du contre-distributeur. Chacun de ces deux tiroirs peut en lui-même être relativement petit, et leurs commandes respectives sont aisées. De plus, la partie (contre-distributeur ou distributeur) autre que celle dans laquelle cet alésage est ménagé, n'est pas concernée par les moyens de sélection de la cylindrée, de sorte que l'on peut utiliser une même partie "standard" pour différents types de machines hydrauliques, avec plusieurs cylindrées ou non. Enfin, ce dispositif est compatible avec un distributeur de type "glace" dans lequel la face de distribution est radiale, et est donc en appui axial contre la face de communication du bloc-cylindres, de manière à assurer l'étanchéité souhaitée. Ce dispositif peut donc être utilisé dans des machines hydrauliques restant radialement compactes, et pour des coûts de production maîtrisés, tout en assurant la fiabilité requise.According to this aspect, two drawers are arranged in the same bore of the distributor or counter-distributor. Each of these two drawers can itself be relatively small, and their respective orders are easy. In addition, the part (counter-distributor or distributor) other than that in which this bore is formed, is not affected by the capacity selection means, so that one can use the same part "standard" for different types of hydraulic machines, with several displacements or not. Finally, this device is compatible with a dispenser type "ice" in which the distribution face is radial, and is therefore in axial abutment against the communication face of the cylinder block, so as to ensure the desired seal. This device can therefore be used in hydraulic machines remaining radially compact, and for controlled production costs, while ensuring the required reliability.
Optionnellement, l'alésage est disposé axialement et les tiroirs sont déplaçables axialement pour définir lesdites configurations distinctes.Optionally, the bore is axially arranged and the drawers are axially displaceable to define said distinct configurations.
Ceci favorise encore la compacité radiale du dispositif et de la machine hydraulique qui en est équipée.This further promotes the radial compactness of the device and the hydraulic machine that is equipped.
Optionnellement, l'alésage est formé dans celui des éléments constitués par le distributeur et par le contre-distributeur qui est emmanché dans l'autre desdits éléments.Optionally, the bore is formed in that of the elements constituted by the distributor and the counter-distributor which is fitted into the other of said elements.
Optionnellement, l'alésage est central.Optionally, the bore is central.
Dans ce cas, le distributeur interne peut présenter globalement une symétrie de révolution autour de son axe, qui est l'axe de rotation du rotor de la machine hydraulique équipée du dispositif.In this case, the internal distributor may generally have a symmetry of revolution about its axis, which is the axis of rotation of the rotor of the hydraulic machine equipped with the device.
Optionnellement, le dispositif comprend un ressort, disposé entre les faces en regard des deux tiroirs pour solliciter en permanence un déplacement relatif des tiroirs, en particulier un déplacement écartant les tiroirs l'un de l'autre, ainsi que des moyens de commande pour commander sélectivement un déplacement commandé de chaque tiroir en sens opposé au sens dudit déplacement relatif pour le tiroir considéré.Optionally, the device comprises a spring disposed between the facing faces of the two drawers to permanently solicit a relative movement of the drawers, in particular a movement between the drawers from one another, and control means for controlling selectively a controlled displacement of each drawer in the opposite direction in the direction of said relative movement for the drawer in question.
Le fait de disposer le ressort entre les deux tiroirs favorise encore la compacité et la fiabilité de la commande.Having the spring between the two drawers further promotes the compactness and reliability of the order.
Optionnellement, le ressort est disposé dans une zone de l'alésage reliée à un conduit de retour de fuites.Optionally, the spring is disposed in an area of the bore connected to a leak return duct.
Ainsi, les surpressions dans la zone de l'alésage dans laquelle est disposé le ressort sont évitées, ce qui favorise la commande de déplacement des tiroirs dans les sens opposés aux efforts de rappel exercés par le ressort et diminue le temps de réponse.Thus, the overpressures in the region of the bore in which the spring is arranged are avoided, which promotes the control of movement of the drawers in the opposite directions to the return forces exerted by the spring and decreases the response time.
Optionnellement, pour chaque tiroir, le dispositif comprend une butée apte à coopérer avec le tiroir considéré, pour limiter le déplacement de ce tiroir dans ledit sens opposé indépendamment de la position de l'autre tiroir.Optionally, for each drawer, the device comprises a stop adapted to cooperate with the drawer in question, to limit the movement of this drawer in said opposite direction regardless of the position of the other drawer.
Dans ce cas, les déplacements considérés des deux tiroirs peuvent être totalement indépendants et l'on peut obtenir quatre positions relatives, et donc quatre cylindrées de fonctionnement, comme on l'indiquera dans la suite.In this case, the considered displacements of the two drawers can be completely independent and one can obtain four relative positions, and thus four displacement cylinders, as will be indicated in the following.
Optionnellement, les moyens de commande comprennent une première chambre de commande pour le premier tiroir et une deuxième chambre de commande pour le deuxième tiroir, lesdites chambres de commande étant aptes à être alimentées en fluide pour commander sélectivement ledit déplacement commandé de chaque tiroir.Optionally, the control means comprise a first control chamber for the first spool and a second control chamber for the second spool, said control chambers being adapted to be supplied with fluid to selectively control said controlled displacement of each spool.
Ainsi, deux chambres de commande suffisent, en association avec un rappel élastique d'effet antagoniste à celui de l'alimentation des chambres, pour commander les déplacements sélectifs des deux tiroirs dans trois, voire quatre positions relatives. En d'autres termes, les moyens de commande hydraulique des déplacements des tiroirs peuvent ainsi comprendre seulement une première chambre associée au premier tiroir et une deuxième chambre associée au deuxième tiroir, sans nécessiter d'autres chambres de commande hydraulique.Thus, two control chambers are sufficient, in combination with an elastic return effect antagonistic to that of the supply of rooms, to control the selective movement of the two drawers in three or four relative positions. In other words, the hydraulic control means of the movements of the drawers may thus comprise only a first chamber associated with the first slide and a second chamber associated with the second slide, without requiring other hydraulic control chambers.
Optionnellement, les chambres de commande sont disposées aux extrémités respectives des tiroirs, opposées au ressort.Optionally, the control chambers are arranged at the respective ends of the drawers opposite the spring.
Dans ce cas, deux chambres de commande hydrauliques et un ressort suffisent pour commander les tiroirs entre leurs trois positions relatives, voire entre leurs quatre positions relatives.In this case, two hydraulic control chambers and a spring are sufficient to control the drawers between their three relative positions, or even between their four relative positions.
Optionnellement, le distributeur est emmanché dans le contre-distributeur qui forme une partie de carter du dispositif.Optionally, the dispenser is fitted into the counter distributor which forms a housing part of the device.
Le distributeur forme alors un distributeur interne.The distributor then forms an internal distributor.
Optionnellement, les premier et deuxième tiroirs sont respectivement disposés dans un premier et un deuxième tronçon de l'alésage qui présentent chacun une première gorge de distribution reliée à la première enceinte principale et une deuxième gorge de distribution reliée à la deuxième enceinte principale ; les premier et deuxième tronçons de l'alésage présentent chacun une gorge de liaison apte à être reliée à l'une ou l'autre des première et deuxième gorges de distribution du tronçon considéré selon la position du tiroir situé dans ledit tronçon; et, parmi les conduits de distribution, des groupes distincts de conduits de distribution sont respectivement reliés aux gorges de liaison et aux gorges de distribution.Optionally, the first and second drawers are respectively disposed in a first and a second section of the bore which each have a first distribution groove connected to the first main enclosure and a second distribution groove connected to the second main enclosure; the first and second sections of the bore each have a connecting groove adapted to be connected to one or other of the first and second distribution grooves of the section considered according to the position of the slide located in said section; and, among the distribution ducts, separate groups of distribution ducts are respectively connected to the connecting grooves and the distribution grooves.
Optionnellement, le distributeur est fixe en rotation, l'alésage est formé dans le distributeur, les premières gorges de distribution sont reliées entre elles par un premier perçage du distributeur et les deuxièmes gorges de distribution sont reliées entre elles par un deuxième perçage du distributeur.Optionally, the distributor is fixed in rotation, the bore is formed in the distributor, the first distribution grooves are interconnected by a first drilling of the distributor and the second distribution grooves are interconnected by a second drilling of the distributor.
Dans ce cas, le contre-distributeur peut-être une pièce standard, convenant aussi bien à des machines ayant plusieurs cylindrées qu'à des machines ayant une seule cylindrée.In this case, the counter-distributor may be a standard part, suitable both for machines having more displacement than machines with a single displacement.
Optionnellement, le distributeur est fixe en rotation, l'alésage est formé dans une partie de carter dans laquelle le distributeur est emmanché, et les premières gorges de distribution sont reliées entre elles par un premier perçage de ladite partie de carter et les deuxièmes gorges de distribution sont reliées entre elles par un deuxième perçage de ladite partie de carter.Optionally, the distributor is fixed in rotation, the bore is formed in a housing part in which the distributor is fitted, and the first distribution grooves are interconnected by a first drilling of said housing portion and the second grooves of distribution are interconnected by a second drilling of said housing portion.
Dans ce cas, c'est le distributeur qui peut-être une pièce standard, convenant aussi bien à des machines ayant plusieurs cylindrées qu'à des machines ayant une seule cylindrée.In this case, it is the distributor that may be a standard part, suitable both for machines having more displacement than machines with a single displacement.
Optionnellement, les premier et deuxième tiroirs sont respectivement disposés dans un premier et dans un deuxième tronçon de l'alésage qui présentent chacun une première gorge de distribution reliée au premier conduit principal et une deuxième gorge de distribution reliée au deuxième conduit principal, les premier et deuxième tronçons de l'alésage présentent chacun une gorge de liaison apte à être reliée à l'une ou l'autre des première et deuxième gorges de distribution du tronçon considéré selon la position du tiroir situé dans ledit tronçon et, parmi les conduits de distribution, des groupes distincts de conduits de distribution sont respectivement reliés aux gorges de liaison et aux gorges de distribution.Optionally, the first and second drawers are respectively disposed in a first and a second section of the bore which each have a first distribution groove connected to the first main conduit and a second distribution groove connected to the second main conduit, the first and second second sections of the bore each have a connecting groove adapted to be connected to one or the other of the first and second distribution grooves of the section considered according to the position of the slide located in said section and, among the distribution ducts separate groups of distribution ducts are respectively connected to the connecting grooves and the distribution grooves.
Optionnellement, le distributeur est rotatif, l'alésage est formé dans le contre-distributeur, qui est emmanché dans le distributeur, les premières gorges de distribution sont reliées entre elles par un premier perçage du contre-distributeur relié au premier conduit principal et les deuxièmes gorges de distribution sont reliées entre elles par un deuxième perçage du contre-distributeur relié au deuxième conduit principal.Optionally, the distributor is rotatable, the bore is formed in the counter-distributor, which is fitted into the dispenser, the first distribution grooves are interconnected by a first hole of the counter-distributor connected to the first main conduit and the second The distribution grooves are interconnected by a second bore of the counter-distributor connected to the second main duct.
Optionnellement, une première et une deuxième enceinte secondaire, ménagées entre les faces axiales en regard du distributeur et du contre-distributeur, sont respectivement reliées à la première et à la deuxième gorge de liaison.Optionally, a first and a second secondary enclosure, formed between the axial faces facing the distributor and the counter-distributor, are respectively connected to the first and the second connecting groove.
Optionnellement, pour chacun des premier et deuxième tronçons de l'alésage, la gorge de liaison est située entre la première et la deuxième gorge de distribution, et chacun des premier et deuxième tiroirs présente une gorge de communication pour faire communiquer la gorge de liaison avec la première ou la deuxième gorge de distribution selon la position du tiroir.Optionally, for each of the first and second sections of the bore, the connecting groove is located between the first and second distribution grooves, and each of the first and second drawers has a communication groove for communicating the connecting groove with the first or the second distribution groove according to the position of the drawer.
Optionnellement, les conduits de distribution sont répartis en un premier et un deuxième groupe primaire, un premier et un deuxième groupe secondaire et un premier et un deuxième groupe tertiaire, et les moyens de sélection de la cylindrée sont aptes à définir :
- une première cylindrée dans laquelle les conduits de distribution des premiers groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire sont reliés au premier conduit principal tandis que les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire sont reliés au deuxième conduit principal ;
- une deuxième cylindrée dans laquelle les conduits de distribution des premiers groupes primaire et secondaire sont reliés au premier conduit principal, les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire et secondaire sont reliés au deuxième conduit principal, et les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes tertiaires sont reliés entre eux ; et
- une troisième cylindrée dans laquelle les conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire sont reliés au premier conduit principal, les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe primaire sont reliés au deuxième conduit principal, les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes secondaires sont reliés entre eux et les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes tertiaires sont reliés entre eux. Optionnellement, les moyens de sélection de la cylindrée sont aptes à définir, en outre :
- une quatrième cylindrée dans laquelle les conduits de distribution des premiers groupes primaire et tertiaire sont reliés au premier conduit principal, les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire et tertiaire sont reliés au deuxième conduit principal, et les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes secondaires sont reliés entre eux.
- a first displacement in which the distribution ducts of the first primary, secondary and tertiary groups are connected to the first main duct while the distribution ducts of the second primary, secondary and tertiary groups are connected to the second main duct;
- a second cylinder in which the distribution ducts of the first primary and secondary groups are connected to the first main duct, the distribution ducts of the second primary and secondary groups are connected to the second main duct, and the distribution ducts of the first and second tertiary groups are interconnected; and
- a third displacement in which the distribution ducts of the first primary group are connected to the first main duct, the distribution ducts of the second primary group are connected to the second main duct, the distribution ducts of the first and second secondary groups are interconnected and the distribution ducts of the first and second tertiary groups are interconnected. Optionally, the means for selecting the cubic capacity are able to define, in addition:
- a fourth engine in which the distribution ducts of the first primary and tertiary groups are connected to the first main duct, the distribution ducts of the second primary and tertiary groups are connected to the second main duct, and the distribution ducts of the first and second secondary groups are interconnected.
Optionnellement, dans les cylindrées dans lesquelles les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes secondaires et/ou les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes tertiaires sont reliés entre eux, lesdits conduits de distribution sont reliés à au deuxième conduit principal.Optionally, in the displacements in which the distribution ducts of the first and second secondary groups and / or the distribution ducts of the first and second tertiary groups are interconnected, said distribution ducts are connected to the second main duct.
Le cas échéant, les liaisons précitées au premier et/ou au deuxième conduit principal peuvent être réalisées via les enceintes principales.Where appropriate, the aforementioned connections to the first and / or second main duct can be performed via the main speakers.
Optionnellement, les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire sont reliés entre eux, indépendamment de la configuration des tiroirs.Optionally, the distribution ducts of the second groups primary, secondary and tertiary are interconnected, regardless of the configuration of the drawers.
Optionnellement, les conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire sont reliés à la première gorge de distribution d'au moins l'un des premier et deuxième tronçons de l'alésage, les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire sont reliés à la deuxième gorge de distribution d'au moins l'un des premier et deuxième tronçons de l'alésage, les conduits de distribution du premier groupe tertiaire sont reliés à la gorge de liaison du premier tronçon, et les conduits de distribution du premier groupe secondaire sont reliés à la gorge de liaison du deuxième tronçon.Optionally, the distribution ducts of the first primary group are connected to the first distribution groove of at least one of the first and second sections of the bore, the distribution ducts of the second primary, secondary and tertiary groups are connected to the second distribution groove of at least one of the first and second sections of the bore, the distribution ducts of the first tertiary group are connected to the connecting groove of the first section, and the distribution ducts of the first secondary group are connected to the connecting groove of the second section.
Optionnellement, les conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire comprennent au moins un conduit débouchant dans la première gorge de distribution du premier tronçon de l'alésage et au moins un conduit débouchant dans la première gorge de distribution du deuxième tronçon de l'alésage, et/ou les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire comprennent au moins un conduit débouchant dans la deuxième gorge de distribution du premier tronçon de l'alésage et au moins un conduit débouchant dans la deuxième gorge de distribution du deuxième tronçon de l'alésage.Optionally, the distribution ducts of the first primary group comprise at least one duct opening into the first distribution groove of the first section of the bore and at least one duct opening into the first distribution groove of the second section of the bore, and / or the distribution ducts of the second primary, secondary and tertiary groups comprise at least one duct opening into the second distribution groove of the first section of the bore and at least one duct opening into the second distribution groove of the second section of the bore.
Dans ce cas, la géométrie des conduits de distribution dans le distributeur interne peut être simplifiée puisque des conduits de distribution peuvent déboucher dans différentes zones de l'alésage tout en ayant, en fonction des déplacements des tiroirs, les mêmes liaisons fluidiques.In this case, the geometry of the distribution ducts in the internal distributor can be simplified since distribution ducts can open into different areas of the bore while having, as a function of the movements of the drawers, the same fluidic connections.
L'invention sera bien comprise et ses avantages apparaîtront mieux à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit, de modes de réalisation représentés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :
- la
figure 1 est une vue en coupe axiale d'une machine hydraulique comprenant un dispositif de distribution conforme à l'invention selon un premier mode de réalisation, permettant l'obtention de trois cylindrées distinctes et montrant les tiroirs des moyens de sélection de la cylindrée dans une première configuration ; - les
figures 2 et 3 sont deux vues en coupe axiale de cette machine montrant respectivement les deuxième et troisième configurations des tiroirs ; - la
figure 4 est une vue en coupe axiale d'un dispositif de distribution selon un autre mode de réalisation permettant l'obtention de quatre cylindrées distinctes, et montrant les tiroirs dans une première configuration ; - les
figures 5 à 7 sont des vues analogues à lafigure 4 , montrant respectivement trois autres configurations des tiroirs ; - la
figure 8 est une vue en coupe axiale d'une machine hydraulique comprenant un dispositif de distribution conforme à l'invention selon un deuxième mode de réalisation ; et - la
figure 9 est une vue partielle en coupe axiale d'une machine hydraulique comprenant un dispositif de distribution conforme à l'invention, selon un troisième mode de réalisation.
- the
figure 1 is an axial sectional view of a hydraulic machine comprising a dispensing device according to the invention according to a first embodiment, making it possible to obtain three distinct displacements and showing the drawers of the means for selecting the displacement in a first configuration; - the
figures 2 and3 are two views in axial section of this machine showing respectively the second and third configurations of the drawers; - the
figure 4 is an axial sectional view of a dispensing device according to another embodiment for obtaining four separate displacements, and showing the drawers in a first configuration; - the
Figures 5 to 7 are similar views to thefigure 4 , showing respectively three other configurations of the drawers; - the
figure 8 is an axial sectional view of a hydraulic machine comprising a dispensing device according to the invention according to a second embodiment; and - the
figure 9 is a partial view in axial section of a hydraulic machine comprising a dispensing device according to the invention, according to a third embodiment.
La machine hydraulique représentée sur la
Cette machine comprend un carter fixe en trois parties 2A, 2B et 2C, assemblées par des vis 3. Une came de réaction ondulée 4 est réalisée sur la partie 2B du carter. La machine comprend un bloc-cylindres 6 qui est monté en rotation relative autour d'un axe 10 par rapport à la came 4 et qui comporte une pluralité de cylindres radiaux 12, susceptibles d'être alimentés en fluide sous pression et à l'intérieur desquels sont montés coulissants des pistons radiaux 14. En l'espèce, le bloc-cylindres 6 entraîne en rotation un arbre 5 qui coopère avec lui par des cannelures 7. Cet arbre porte une bride de sortie 9.This machine comprises a fixed housing in three
La machine comprend encore un distributeur de fluide 16 qui est solidaire du carter vis-à-vis de la rotation autour de l'axe 10. En d'autres termes, le distributeur interne et la came ne tournent pas l'un par rapport à l'autre. Le dispositif de distribution comprend ce distributeur 16, qui est en l'espèce un distributeur interne, et la partie de carter 2C, dans laquelle est logé le distributeur interne. Cette partie de carter 2C, qui est également désignée par "couvercle de distribution", forme un contre-distributeur au sens du présent exposé. Cette partie 2C peut être d'un bloc ayant une forme en cloche, ou être fermée à son extrémité axiale opposée au bloc-cylindres, par une plaque rapportée.The machine further comprises a
Le distributeur interne 16 présente une face radiale de distribution 16A, perpendiculaire à l'axe 10, dans laquelle débouchent des conduits de distribution. Le distributeur interne 16 présente également une face axiale externe 16B, qui présente une première gorge principale 18 et une deuxième gorge principale 20, qui servent respectivement à l'alimentation et à l'échappement de fluide, ou inversement. On considérera dans la suite que, dans le sens préférentiel de fonctionnement du moteur, la gorge 18 est une gorge d'alimentation et la gorge 20 est une gorge d'échappement. La face axiale interne 2C' du couvercle de distribution 2C, qui est en regard avec la face axiale externe 16B du distributeur, présente des gorges principales 18' et 20' respectivement en regard avec les gorges 18 et 20. Ces gorges 18' et 20' communiquent avec des conduites principales d'alimentation ou d'échappement, respectivement 1 et 2, qui sont percées dans la paroi du couvercle de distribution 2C. Les gorges 18 et 18' d'une part, et les gorges 20 et 20' d'autre part, forment respectivement une première et une deuxième enceinte principale.The
On relève que les gorges 18' et 20' sont les seules gorges du couvercle de distribution 2C servant à l'alimentation ou à l'échappement du fluide vis-à-vis des cylindres. En d'autres termes, le couvercle de distribution est de type standard et, dans la mesure où le sélecteur de cylindrée est disposé dans le distributeur interne de fluide ainsi qu'on le verra dans la suite, il n'est pas nécessaire que le couvercle de distribution ou la face axiale externe du distributeur interne présente d'autres gorges principales pour assurer l'alimentation ou l'échappement des cylindres.It is noted that the grooves 18 'and 20' are the only grooves of the
Les moyens de sélection de la cylindrée, ou "sélecteur de cylindrée" comprennent un alésage axial 22, en l'espèce un alésage central par rapport à l'axe 10, et deux tiroirs, respectivement 24 et 26, disposés dans cet alésage. Ce sélecteur de cylindrée comprend également un ressort 28 disposé entre les tiroirs 24 et 26. En l'espèce, les faces en regard des tiroirs 24 et 26 présentent les renfoncements, respectivement 24A et 26A dans lesquels se logent les extrémités opposées du ressort 28. Le ressort 28 sollicite en permanence un déplacement relatif des tiroirs. En l'espèce, il s'agit d'un ressort de compression qui tend en permanence à écarter l'un de l'autre les deux tiroirs en tendant à déplacer le tiroir 24 dans le sens F2 et à déplacer le tiroir 26 dans le sens F1.The capacity selection means, or "displacement selector" comprises an
Des conduits de distribution sont ménagés dans le distributeur interne 16. Chaque conduit de distribution présente une extrémité qui s'ouvre dans la face de distribution 16A pour, au cours de la rotation relative du bloc-cylindres et de la came, être mis en communication avec un conduit de cylindre 32. Chaque conduit de distribution est par ailleurs relié, soit directement soit via le sélecteur de cylindrée, à l'une des gorges principales 18 et 20 pour être raccordé à l'alimentation ou à l'échappement. En l'espèce, les premier et deuxième tronçons de l'alésage 22 dans lesquels sont respectivement disposés le premier tiroir 24 et le deuxième tiroir 26 présentent chacun une première gorge de distribution, respectivement 24D1 et 26D1 qui est reliée en permanence à la première gorge principale 18 et donc au premier conduit principal 1, et une deuxième gorge de distribution, respectivement 24D2 et 26D2 qui est reliée en permanence à la deuxième gorge principale 20 et donc au deuxième conduit principal 2. En l'espèce, la
Les moyens de commande du sélecteur de cylindrée comprennent une première chambre de commande 34 pour le premier tiroir 24 et une deuxième chambre de commande 36 pour le deuxième tiroir 26. Ces chambres sont alimentées en fluide par des conduits de pilotage, respectivement 35 pour la chambre 34, et 37 pour la chambre 36. Ces conduits de pilotage sont ménagés par des perçages dans le distributeur interne 16, et débouchent dans des gorges, respectivement 35A et 37A, du couvercle de distribution 2C. Ce couvercle présente lui-même des perçages, respectivement 35B et 37B, qui débouchent dans ces gorges pour communiquer avec les conduits de pilotage 35 et 37. Les perçages 35B et 37B sont reliés à des valves (non représentées) pour être sélectivement raccordés à une source de fluide sous pression, par exemple du fluide de gavage, ou à un réservoir sans surpression, de manière à alimenter les chambres de commande ou à les laisser se purger.The control means of the displacement selector comprise a
Des joints d'étanchéité sont disposés entre la face axiale externe 16B du distributeur interne et la face axiale interne 2C' du couvercle de distribution, de part et d'autre des gorges 35A, 20/20', 18/18' et 37A précédemment évoquées. De plus, ces faces axiales présentent des épaulements, également disposés entre des joints, tels que l'épaulement e, pour équilibrer les efforts de poussée axiale du distributeur interne sur le bloc-cylindres, les espaces ménagés entre deux épaulements en regard pouvant être alimentés en fluide de poussée.Seals are disposed between the outer
Les chambres de commande 34 et 36 sont disposées aux extrémités respectives des tiroirs. Plus précisément, la chambre 34 est délimitée entre l'extrémité 24B du tiroir 24 opposée à la cavité 24A et un couvercle 22A qui est rapporté sur le distributeur interne de manière à fermer l'alésage 22. La chambre 36 est disposée entre l'extrémité 26B du tiroir 26 opposée à la cavité 26A et l'extrémité opposée 22B de l'alésage qui est fermée par une partie de fond 16' du distributeur interne. Cette partie de fond 16' peut être formée par un couvercle rapporté ou par une paroi en un seul bloc avec le corps du distributeur interne 16. Dans l'exemple représenté, le couvercle 22A est disposé du côté du distributeur qui est proche du bloc-cylindres. On peut bien entendu prévoir une paroi en un seul bloc avec le corps du distributeur fermant l'alésage du côté du bloc-cylindres et un couvercle rapporté, comme le couvercle 22A, pour fermer l'alésage 22 du côté opposé au bloc-cylindres.The
La gorge de liaison 24L du premier tronçon de l'alésage 22 est située entre les gorges de distribution 24D1 et 24D2 de ce tronçon, de même que la gorge de liaison 26L du deuxième tronçon est située entre les gorges de distribution 26D1 et 26D2 de ce tronçon. Par ailleurs, les périphéries axiales externes des tiroirs 24 et 26 présentent des gorges de communication. Plus précisément, la périphérie externe du tiroir 24 présente une gorge de communication 24C qui, selon la position de ce tiroir, fait communiquer entre elles les gorges 24L et 24D1 en les isolant de la gorge 24D2 (
La zone de l'alésage 22 dans laquelle est disposé le ressort 28, entre les tiroirs 24 et 26, est reliée à un conduit de retour de fuites 38 qui s'ouvre dans la face radiale 16A du distributeur interne 16 et communique avec l'espace interne du carter pour ramener les fuites à un réservoir sans surpression. En l'espèce, le distributeur interne présente un perçage radial 38', qui s'étend entre la zone précitée de l'alésage et le conduit 38, lequel est orienté axialement.The zone of the
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Sur la
La machine hydraulique peut être considérée comme étant composée de trois sous-machines :
- une machine primaire M1 comprenant des conduits de distribution d'un premier groupe primaire et d'un deuxième groupe primaire ;
- une machine secondaire M2 comprenant des conduits de distribution d'un premier groupe secondaire et d'un deuxième groupe secondaire ; et
- une machine M3 comprenant des conduits de distribution d'un premier groupe tertiaire et d'un deuxième groupe tertiaire.
- a primary machine M1 comprising distribution ducts of a first primary group and a second primary group;
- a secondary machine M2 comprising distribution ducts of a first secondary group and a second secondary group; and
- an M3 machine comprising distribution ducts of a first tertiary group and a second tertiary group.
Par exemple :
- La situation illustrée sur la
figure 1 correspond à une première cylindrée qui est une grande cylindrée, dans laquelle les trois sous-machines sont actives, c'est-à-dire que les conduits de distribution des premiers groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire sont tous reliés à la première gorge principale 18, tandis que les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire sont tous reliés à la deuxième gorge principale 20 ; - La situation représentée à la
figure 2 est une deuxième cylindrée correspondant à une cylindrée moyenne, dans laquelle seules les première et deuxième sous-machines M1 et M2 sont actives, tandis que la troisième sous-machine M3 est inactive, c'est-à-dire que les conduits de distribution des premiers groupes primaire et secondaire sont reliés à lagorge 18, tandis que les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire et secondaire sont reliés à la deuxièmegorge 20 et que les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes tertiaires sont reliés entre eux, par exemple en étant reliés à la deuxième gorge principale 20 ; - La situation de la
figure 3 correspond à une troisième cylindrée, qui est une petite cylindrée, dans laquelle seule la première sous-machine M1 est active, tandis que les deuxième et troisième sous-machines M2 et M3 sont inactives, c'est-à-dire que les conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire sont reliés à la premièregorge 18, les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe primaire sont reliés à la deuxièmegorge 20, tandis que les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes secondaires sont reliés entre eux et les conduits de distribution des premier et deuxième groupes tertiaires sont également reliés entre eux (par exemple, ces conduits des groupes secondaire et tertiaire sont tous reliés à la deuxième gorge principale 20).
- The situation illustrated on the
figure 1 corresponds to a first displacement which is a large displacement, in which the three sub-machines are active, that is to say that the distribution ducts of the first primary, secondary and tertiary groups are all connected to the firstmain channel 18 , while the distribution ducts of the second primary, secondary and tertiary groups are all connected to the secondmain groove 20; - The situation represented in
figure 2 is a second displacement corresponding to a medium displacement, in which only the first and second sub-machines M1 and M2 are active, while the third sub-machine M3 is inactive, that is to say that the distribution ducts first primary and secondary groups are connected to thegroove 18, while the distribution ducts of the second primary and secondary groups are connected to thesecond groove 20 and the distribution ducts of the first and second tertiary groups are interconnected, for example being connected to the secondmain groove 20; - The situation of the
figure 3 corresponds to a third displacement, which is a small displacement, in which only the first sub-machine M1 is active, while the second and third sub-machines M2 and M3 are inactive, that is to say that the conduits of distribution of the first primary group are connected to thefirst groove 18, the distribution ducts of the second primary group are connected to thesecond groove 20, while the distribution ducts of the first and second secondary groups are connected to each other and the distribution ducts first and second tertiary groups are also interconnected (for example, these secondary and tertiary groups are all connected to the second main groove 20).
Par exemple, les conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire sont tous reliés soit à la gorge 24D1, soit à la gorge 26D1, alors que les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe primaire sont tous reliés soit à la gorge 24D2, soit à la gorge 26D2. Il peut cependant être intéressant qu'une partie des conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire soient reliés à la gorge 24D1 (à l'instar du conduit 30) tandis que la partie restante est reliée à la gorge 26D1. De même, il peut être intéressant qu'une partie des conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe primaire soient reliés à la gorge 24D2 tandis que la partie restante est reliée à la gorge 26D2. Les conduits de distribution du premier groupe secondaire peuvent tous être reliés à la gorge 26L, tandis que les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe secondaire peuvent tous être reliés soit à la gorge 24D2, soit à la gorge 26D2 (ou soient répartis entre des conduits reliés à la gorge 24D2 et des conduits reliés à la gorge 26D2). Enfin, les conduits de distribution du premier groupe tertiaire peuvent tous, à l'instar du conduit 31, être reliés à la gorge 24L, tandis que les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe tertiaire sont tous reliés soit à la gorge 24D2, soit à la gorge 26D2 (ou soient répartis entre des conduits reliés à la gorge 24D2 et des conduits reliés à la gorge 26D2).For example, the distribution ducts of the first primary group are all connected either to the groove 24D1 or to the groove 26D1, while the distribution ducts of the second primary group are all connected either to the groove 24D2 or the groove 26D2 . It may be interesting, however, for some of the distribution ducts of the first primary group to be connected to the groove 24D1 (like the conduit 30) while the remaining part is connected to the groove 26D1. Similarly, it may be interesting that some of the distribution ducts of the second primary group are connected to the groove 24D2 while the remaining portion is connected to the groove 26D2. The distribution ducts of the first secondary group can all be connected to the
Dans l'exemple représenté, les conduits de distribution des deuxièmes groupes primaire, secondaire et tertiaire sont tous reliés en permanence entre eux, et à la deuxième gorge principale 20 ; les conduits de distribution du premier groupe tertiaire sont également reliés à cette gorge 20 lorsque la troisième machine M3 est inactive (
On décrit maintenant les
Plus précisément, le tiroir 24 présente un épaulement 44 situé en l'espèce vers son extrémité 24B. Lorsque la chambre de commande 34 est alimentée en fluide, cet épaulement 44 vient buter contre une surface de butée 44' située sur une surface de l'alésage 22 ; en l'espèce cette surface est formée à l'extrémité libre de cet alésage située dans la face de distribution 16A. De même, le tiroir 26 présente un épaulement 46, situé vers son extrémité 26B et qui, lorsque la chambre de commande 36 est alimentée en fluide, vient buter contre une surface de butée 46' ménagée dans la paroi de l'alésage 22. Ainsi, le sélecteur de cylindrée est capable d'adopter quatre configurations différentes, correspondant à quatre cylindrées distinctes.More specifically, the
La
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La configuration représentée sur la
La configuration de la
La
On décrit maintenant la
Comme celle des
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Les gorges de distribution et les gorges de liaison 124D2, 124L, 124D1, 126D2, 126L et 124D1 sont organisées comme les gorges 24D2, 24L, 2D1, 26D2, 26L et 26D1 des figures précédentes. La zone de l'alésage 122 entre les tiroirs 124 et 126 est reliée à un conduit de retour de fuites, par exemple par un perçage radial dont on voit l'amorce 138'. Les chambres de commande 134 et 136 sont disposées comme les chambres de commande 34 et 36 et, comme elles, alimentées par des conduits de pilotage, respectivement 135 et 137.The distribution grooves and connecting grooves 124D2, 124L, 124D1, 126D2, 126L and 124D1 are organized as the grooves 24D2, 24L, 2D1, 26D2, 26L and 26D1 of the preceding figures. The area of the
Une première enceinte principale 118, qui est reliée au premier conduit principal 1, est ménagée entre la face axiale interne 102C' du contre-distributeur 102C et la face axiale externe 116B du distributeur 116, qui sont en regard. Une deuxième enceinte principale 120, qui est reliée au deuxième conduit principal 2, est également ménagée entre ces faces axiales 102C' et 116B en regard. Les gorges de distribution 124D1 et 126D1 sont reliées en permanence à la première enceinte principale 118, et les gorges de distribution 124D2 et 126D2 sont reliées en permanence à la deuxième enceinte principale 120. Les enceintes principales 118 et 120 sont définies par des gorges respectives de la face axiale 102C' et de la face axiale 116B, qui sont en registre. En l'espèce, les gorges de distribution 124D2 et 126D1 sont respectivement reliées aux enceintes principales 120 et 118 par des perçages radiaux, respectivement 121 et 119, du contre-distributeur 102C ; la gorge de distribution 124D1 est reliée par un perçage P1 du contre-distributeur à une enceinte tampon ET1, qui est ménagée entre les faces 102C' et 116B et est reliée à l'enceinte 118 par un premier perçage de liaison L1 du contre-distributeur ; et la gorge de distribution 126D2 est reliée par un perçage P2 du contre-distributeur à une enceinte tampon ET2, qui est ménagée entre les faces 102C' et 116B et est reliée à l'enceinte 120 par un deuxième perçage de liaison L2 du contre-distributeur. Ainsi, les premières gorges de distribution 124D1 et 126D1 sont reliées entre elles par le premier perçage de liaison L1 du contre-distributeur formé par la partie de carter 102C, et les deuxièmes gorges de distribution 124D2 et 126D2 sont reliées entre elles par le deuxième perçage L2 de cette partie de carter.A first
La première gorge de liaison 124L est reliée par un perçage PL1 du contre-distributeur à une première enceinte secondaire ES1 ménagée entre les faces 102C' et 116B, et la deuxième gorge de liaison 126L est reliée par un perçage PL2 du contre-distributeur à une deuxième enceinte secondaire ES2 ménagée entre les faces 102C' et 116B.The first connecting
Les conduits de distribution, comme le conduit 131', s'ouvrent dans la face radiale de distribution 116A du distributeur 116 et sont reliés, par groupes, aux enceintes 118, 120 (et, éventuellement ET1, ET2), ES1 et ES2 qui viennent d'être décrites.The distribution ducts, like the duct 131 ', open in the
Comme dans les figures précédentes, on a donc également trois sous-machines :
- une machine primaire M1 comprenant les conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire, qui sont reliés aux premières gorges de distribution 124D1 et 126D1 via les enceintes 118 et ET1 et les conduits de distribution du de deuxième groupe primaire, qui sont reliés aux deuxièmes gorges de distribution 124D2 et 126D2 via les enceintes 120 et ET2 ;
- une machine secondaire M2 comprenant les conduits de distribution du premier groupe secondaire, qui sont reliés à la gorge de
liaison 126L via l'enceinte ES2 et les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe secondaire, qui sont reliés aux deuxièmes gorges de distribution 124D2 et 126D2 via les enceintes 120 et ET2; et - une machine tertiaire M3 comprenant les conduits de distribution du premier groupe tertiaire, qui sont reliés à la gorge de
liaison 124L via l'enceinte ES1 et les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe tertiaire, qui sont reliés aux deuxièmes gorges de distribution 124D2 et 126D2 via les enceintes 120 et ET2.
- a primary machine M1 comprising the distribution ducts of the first primary group, which are connected to the first distribution grooves 124D1 and 126D1 via the
enclosures 118 and ET1 and the distribution ducts of the second primary group, which are connected to the second distribution grooves 124D2 and 126D2 via thespeakers 120 and ET2; - a secondary machine M2 including the distribution ducts of the first secondary group, which are connected to the throat of
link 126L via the enclosure ES2 and the distribution ducts of the second secondary group, which are connected to the second distribution grooves 124D2 and 126D2 via theenclosures 120 and ET2; and - a tertiary machine M3 comprising the distribution ducts of the first tertiary group, which are connected to the connecting
groove 124L via the enclosure ES1 and the distribution ducts of the second tertiary group, which are connected to the second distribution grooves 124D2 and 126D2 via thespeakers 120 and ET2.
La sélection des trois, voire quatre cylindrées de la machine s'effectue donc comme cela a été décrit en référence aux
On décrit maintenant la
La
L'alésage 222 du sélecteur de cylindrée est ménagé dans le contre-distributeur 217 ; cet alésage est en l'espèce centré sur l'axe 10 de rotation de la machine (c'est-à-dire, l'axe de rotation du distributeur et du carter de la machine). L'alésage 222 présente des gorges de distribution et des gorges de liaison 224D2, 224L, 224D1, 226D2, 226L et 224D1, qui sont respectivement organisées comme les gorges 24D2, 24L, 2D1, 26D2, 26L et 26D1 décrites en référence aux
Les premières gorges de distribution 224D1 et 226D1 sont en permanence reliées entre elles (par un perçage 1' du contre-distributeur) et au premier conduit principal 1, tandis que les deuxièmes gorges de distribution 224D2 et 226D2 sont en permanence reliées entre elles (par un perçage 2' du contre-distributeur) et au deuxième conduit principal 2. Par ailleurs, la première gorge de distribution 226D1 est reliée à une première enceinte principale 218, par un perçage du contre-distributeur schématisé par une flèche sur la figure. De même, la deuxième gorge de distribution 224D2 est reliée à une deuxième enceinte principale 220 par des perçages du contre-distributeur schématisé par une flèche. La première enceinte principale 218 est ainsi reliée en permanence au premier conduit principal 1 et aux premières gorges de distribution, tandis que la deuxième enceinte principale 220 est reliée en permanence au deuxième conduit principal 2 et aux deuxièmes gorges de distribution.The first distribution grooves 224D1 and 226D1 are permanently connected to each other (by a hole 1 'of the counter-distributor) and to the first
La gorge première de liaison 224L est reliée à une première enceinte secondaire ES1 et la deuxième gorge de liaison 226L est reliée à une deuxième enceinte secondaire ES2, ces enceintes secondaires étant ménagées entre les faces axiales en regard 217' et 216B.The
Les conduits de distribution s'ouvrent dans la face radiale de distribution 216A du distributeur 216 et sont reliés par groupes aux enceintes 218, 220, ES1 et ES2.The distribution ducts open into the
Les liaisons permanentes respectives entre les gorges de distribution et les conduits principaux sont réalisées grâce aux perçages, respectivement 1' et 2' du contre-distributeur 217 qui s'ouvrent sur une face de communication 217'A de ce dernier. En l'espèce cette face de communication 217'A est située à l'extrémité du contre-distributeur 217 située du côté du bloc-cylindres 206. La liaison du distributeur aux conduits principaux s'effectue donc via un noyau 217" de la machine, qui forme un stator et passe à l'intérieur du bloc-cylindres. Par exemple, si la machine est un moteur d'entrainement d'une roue, son carter peut former une partie du moyeu de la roue, et ce noyau 217" peut-être la fusée de la roue. De même, les conduits de pilotage 235 et 237 qui servent à l'alimentation des chambres de commande 234 et 236 passent en l'espèce par ce noyau 217".The respective permanent connections between the distribution grooves and the main ducts are carried out thanks to the holes, respectively 1 'and 2' of the counter-distributor 217 which open on a communication face 217'A of the latter. In this case, this communication face 217'A is located at the end of the counter-distributor 217 located on the side of the
Comme sur les figures précédentes, les gorges de distribution 224D1 et 224D2 peuvent être sélectivement raccordées à la gorge de liaison 224L par une gorge de communication 224C du tiroir 224, de même que les gorges de distribution 226D1 et 226D2 peuvent être sélectivement raccordées à la gorge de liaison 226L par une gorge de communication 226C du tiroir 226 ; les positions respectives de ces tiroirs sont commandées par les chambres de commande 234 et 236, étant au surplus relevé que les tiroirs peuvent avoir des butées du type de celles décrites en référence aux
Ainsi, comme dans les figures précédentes, on a donc également trois sous-machines :
- une machine primaire M1 comprenant les conduits de distribution du premier groupe primaire, qui sont reliés aux premières gorges de distribution 224D1 et 226D1 via la première enceinte principale 218 et les conduits de distribution du de deuxième groupe primaire, qui sont reliés aux deuxièmes gorges de distribution 224D2 et 226D2 via la deuxième enceinte principale 220 ;
- une machine secondaire M2 comprenant les conduits de distribution du premier groupe secondaire, qui sont reliés à la gorge de
liaison 226L via la deuxième enceinte secondaire ES2 et les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe secondaire, qui sont reliés aux deuxièmes gorges de distribution 224D2 et 226D2 via la deuxième enceinte principale 220 ; et - une machine tertiaire M3 comprenant les conduits de distribution du premier groupe tertiaire, qui sont reliés à la gorge de
liaison 224L via la première enceinte secondaire ES1 et les conduits de distribution du deuxième groupe tertiaire, qui sont reliés aux deuxièmes gorges de distribution 224D2 et 226D2 via la deuxième enceinte principale 220.
- a primary machine M1 comprising the distribution ducts of the first primary group, which are connected to the first distribution grooves 224D1 and 226D1 via the first
main enclosure 218 and the distribution ducts of the second primary group, which are connected to the second distribution grooves 224D2 and 226D2 via the secondmain speaker 220; - a secondary machine M2 comprising the distribution ducts of the first secondary group, which are connected to the connecting
groove 226L via the second secondary enclosure ES2 and the distribution ducts of the second secondary group, which are connected to the second distribution grooves 224D2 and 226D2 via the secondmain speaker 220; and - a tertiary machine M3 comprising the distribution ducts of the first tertiary group, which are connected to the connecting
groove 224L via the first secondary enclosure ES1 and the distribution ducts of the second tertiary group, which are connected to the second distribution grooves 224D2 and 226D2 via the secondmain speaker 220.
La sélection des trois, voire quatre cylindrées de la machine s'effectue donc comme cela a été décrit en référence aux
Claims (20)
caractérisé en ce que les moyens de sélection de la cylindrée comprennent un premier et un deuxième tiroir (24, 124, 224 ; 26, 126, 226) disposés l'un à la suite de l'autre dans un alésage (22 ; 122 ; 222) de l'un des éléments constitués par le distributeur et par le contre-distributeur, alésage auquel sont raccordés les enceintes principales et au moins une partie des conduits de distribution (30, 31, 30'; 131'), les tiroirs étant configurés pour adopter au moins trois configurations distinctes établissant des liaisons différentes entre les conduits principaux (1, 2) et les conduits de distribution (30, 31, 30' ; 131') via les enceintes principales.Dispensing device for a hydraulic machine comprising a distributor (16; 116; 216) having distribution conduits (30, 30 ', 31; 131') opening into a radial distribution face (16A; 116A; 216A) and a counter distributor (2C; 102C; 217), one of the elements constituted by the distributor and by the counter-distributor being fitted into the other of said elements, so that said elements have respective axial faces opposite (2C ', 102C', 217 ', 16B, 116B, 216B) between which are provided a first and a second main enclosure (18, 118, 218, 20, 120, 220), the device comprising means for selecting the cylinder capable of defining at least three distinct operating displacements, by selectively connecting the distribution ducts with a first or a second main duct (1, 2), supply or exhaust, via the main speakers,
characterized in that the displacement selection means comprises a first and a second slide (24, 124, 224; 26, 126, 226) arranged one after the other in a bore (22; 122; 222) of one of the elements constituted by the distributor and the counter-distributor, bore to which are connected the main speakers and at least a portion of the distribution ducts (30, 31, 30 ';131'), the drawers being configured to adopt at least three distinct configurations establishing different links between the main ducts (1, 2) and the distribution ducts (30, 31, 30 ';131') via the main speakers.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1560767A FR3043433B1 (en) | 2015-11-10 | 2015-11-10 | DISPENSING DEVICE FOR A HYDRAULIC MACHINE AND HYDRAULIC MACHINE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A DEVICE |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3190292A1 true EP3190292A1 (en) | 2017-07-12 |
EP3190292B1 EP3190292B1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
Family
ID=55345976
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16197607.1A Active EP3190292B1 (en) | 2015-11-10 | 2016-11-07 | Distribution device for a hydraulic machine and hydraulic machine provided with such a device |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10690109B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3190292B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107061136B (en) |
FR (1) | FR3043433B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3080576B1 (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2022-05-13 | Poclain Hydraulics Ind | HYDRAULIC ARRANGEMENT FOR A STEERING WHEEL OF A VEHICLE |
FR3135305A1 (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-11-10 | Poclain Hydraulics Industrie | Hydraulic machine equipped with a direction change drawer |
Citations (4)
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EP0284460A1 (en) | 1987-02-25 | 1988-09-28 | POCLAIN HYDRAULICS Société Anonyme de droit français | Pressurised fluid mechanism, pump or engine, with several displacement volumes |
GB2253658A (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-09-16 | Poclain Hydraulics Sa | Assembly of a pressurized fluid motor with multiple cubic capacities and of a brake associated therewith |
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US3139109A (en) * | 1961-03-13 | 1964-06-30 | Erich Herion | Valve control system |
US3536089A (en) * | 1967-05-16 | 1970-10-27 | Westinghouse Air Brake Co | Electric to fluid pressure transducer |
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FR2236132B1 (en) * | 1973-07-03 | 1983-11-18 | Messier Hispano Sa | |
DE2735559C2 (en) * | 1977-08-06 | 1986-10-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart | Electro-hydraulic control unit for a hydraulically driven work device |
JPS5676704A (en) * | 1979-11-27 | 1981-06-24 | Uchida Yuatsu Kiki Kogyo Kk | Change-over valve with flow collecting and dividing function |
DE3331582A1 (en) * | 1983-09-01 | 1985-03-21 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | 4/3-WAY VALVE |
SU1638358A1 (en) * | 1987-03-31 | 1991-03-30 | Институт горного дела им.А.А.Скочинского | Step-by-step regulated radial-piston hydraulic motor |
FR2637944B1 (en) * | 1988-10-19 | 1991-01-25 | Poclain Hydraulics Sa | TWO-CYLINDER PRESSURE FLUID MECHANISM AND CLOSED CIRCUIT USING THE SAME |
JPH073220B2 (en) * | 1989-04-29 | 1995-01-18 | 株式会社島津製作所 | Pump / motor capacity control mechanism |
FR2951798B1 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-12-09 | Poclain Hydraulics Ind | HYDROSTATIC TRANSMISSION DEVICE FOR ENHANCED BRAKING |
JP5256545B2 (en) * | 2010-02-10 | 2013-08-07 | Smc株式会社 | Pressure reducing switching valve |
JP2012092670A (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2012-05-17 | Kanzaki Kokyukoki Manufacturing Co Ltd | Pump unit |
EP2806195B1 (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2015-10-28 | C.R.F. Società Consortile per Azioni | Three-way three-position control valve having a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive actuator, and fuel injection system comprising this valve |
FR3024503B1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2019-06-21 | Poclain Hydraulics Industrie | DISTRIBUTION CASE DEVICE FOR A HYDRAULIC MACHINE |
FR3024504B1 (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2016-08-26 | Poclain Hydraulics Ind | DISPENSING DEVICE FOR A HYDRAULIC MACHINE |
FR3043147B1 (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2017-12-08 | Poclain Hydraulics Ind | HYDRAULIC MACHINE WITH TWO CYLINDS AND A SAFETY VALVE |
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FR3052193B1 (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-06-22 | Poclain Hydraulics Industrie | SELECTION SYSTEM INCLUDING IMPROVED AXIAL LOCK |
-
2015
- 2015-11-10 FR FR1560767A patent/FR3043433B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-11-01 US US15/340,363 patent/US10690109B2/en active Active
- 2016-11-07 EP EP16197607.1A patent/EP3190292B1/en active Active
- 2016-11-10 CN CN201610991415.9A patent/CN107061136B/en active Active
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FR2127268A5 (en) | 1971-03-02 | 1972-10-13 | Poclain Sa | |
FR2481755A1 (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-11-06 | Poclain Hydraulics Sa | PRESSURIZED FLUID MOTOR WITH ROTATION SPEED SELECTION DEVICE |
EP0284460A1 (en) | 1987-02-25 | 1988-09-28 | POCLAIN HYDRAULICS Société Anonyme de droit français | Pressurised fluid mechanism, pump or engine, with several displacement volumes |
GB2253658A (en) * | 1991-03-04 | 1992-09-16 | Poclain Hydraulics Sa | Assembly of a pressurized fluid motor with multiple cubic capacities and of a brake associated therewith |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3190292B1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
US10690109B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 |
CN107061136B (en) | 2020-04-03 |
FR3043433A1 (en) | 2017-05-12 |
CN107061136A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
FR3043433B1 (en) | 2017-12-08 |
US20170130693A1 (en) | 2017-05-11 |
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