EP3189557A1 - Antenne à diagramme de rayonnement mécaniquement reconfigurable - Google Patents
Antenne à diagramme de rayonnement mécaniquement reconfigurableInfo
- Publication number
- EP3189557A1 EP3189557A1 EP15757496.3A EP15757496A EP3189557A1 EP 3189557 A1 EP3189557 A1 EP 3189557A1 EP 15757496 A EP15757496 A EP 15757496A EP 3189557 A1 EP3189557 A1 EP 3189557A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- slots
- antenna
- antenna according
- grooves
- open end
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005404 monopole Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/12—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical relative movement between primary active elements and secondary devices of antennas or antenna systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/01—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reconfigurable radiation pattern antenna.
- the variation of the radiation pattern of an antenna can be effected by various methods. It is known, for example, to use a change in the characteristics specific to a radiating source by polarization of a dielectric. It is also known to introduce active circuits ensuring, among others, phase shift or switching functions. In addition to the need to implement electronic circuits with potentially limited power handling, some of these techniques require a discontinuous reconfiguration of a radiation pattern.
- the present invention aims to overcome these disadvantages.
- the present invention relates to a reconfigurable radiation pattern antenna, having a predefined operating frequency, corresponding to a predefined wavelength, this antenna being characterized in that it comprises: an electrically conductive ground plane,
- an electrically conductive sectoral horn having first and second ends open and flaring from the first to the second open end, the second open end being integrated in the plane of mass and elongated shape
- electrically conductive flaps disposed above the slots and the second open end, and mechanically deployable continuously to modify the antenna radiation pattern.
- the slots have a depth substantially equal to one quarter of the predefined wavelength.
- the slots and the second open end have a length substantially equal to three times the predefined wavelength.
- this antenna further comprises first grooves in the ground plane, between the radiating slots and the second open end.
- the radiating slots and the first grooves preferably have substantially the same depth.
- each radiating slot is discontinuous and consists of a set of elongated elementary slots, spaced apart from each other.
- the length of each elementary slot is substantially equal to half the predefined wavelength.
- the antenna object of the invention further comprises second grooves in the ground plane, these second grooves connecting the elementary slots of the same radiating slot to each other.
- each of the second grooves has a length substantially equal to 1.5 times the predefined wavelength.
- the second grooves preferably have a depth substantially equal to one quarter of the predefined wavelength.
- the sectoral horn is folded and has a minimum radius of curvature, chosen to maintain substantially constant the distribution of the phase of the electromagnetic field present in the second open end of the sectoral horn.
- FIGS. 1A and 1B show an example of the antenna, object of the invention, comprising a sectoral horn whose radiating opening is integrated in a ground plane,
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show the sectoral horn associated with short-circuited radiating slots
- FIGS. 3A and 3B show integrated grooves between the radiating slots and the radiating opening of the sectoral horn to promote coupling
- FIG. 4 shows the distribution of the phase of the electromagnetic field present in the radiating aperture of the sectoral horn as well as in the radiating slits
- FIGS. 5A and 5B show the radiating slots divided into smaller slots, between which are added grooves
- FIG. 6 is an illustration of an identical phase distribution in each zone corresponding to a smaller slot
- FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C show shutters positioned above the radiating slots and the radiating aperture of the sectoral horn for three flap spacing configurations
- FIG. 8 shows theoretical radiation diagrams in the vertical plane for several values of this spacing
- FIG. 9 shows theoretical radiation diagrams in the horizontal plane for several values of this spacing
- FIGS. 10A, 10B and 10C show a supply of the antenna by a monopole antenna, introduced in a waveguide extending the sectoral horn,
- FIG. 11 shows the monopole antenna supplying the waveguide, with all the corresponding dimensions
- FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C show another example of the reconfigurable diagram antenna, in which the sectoral horn is folded. DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
- the antenna is sized to operate at a frequency F equal to 2.47 GHz. It is recalled that the predefined wavelength ⁇ , associated with this predefined frequency F, is equal to c / F where c represents the speed of light in a vacuum.
- the radiation pattern of the antenna varies continuously in the vertical plane: the half-power aperture of the main lobe varies continuously from 20 ° to 70 °.
- the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane remains stable; and the corresponding half-power aperture of the main lobe is 30 °.
- the described antenna uses a sectoral horn, associated with radiating slots. Shutters move mechanically above the horn and slots. This mechanical movement generates the reconfiguration of the radiation pattern.
- This antenna is made of an electrically conductive material, preferably a metal. This limits the losses and gives the antenna a potentially high power capacity, allowing it to withstand power levels of the order of 1 kW.
- the antenna A comprises. It comprises in the first place a metallic sectoral horn 2 (FIGS. 1A and 1B) which is sized to obtain a half-power opening of the main lobe, equal to at 20 ° in the vertical plane. This horn 2 will flare from a first open end 4 to a second open end 6 called "radiating opening". The interior of the cornet is filled with air.
- the radiating opening 6 of the horn 2 is integrated in a metal ground plane 8 and has an elongated shape.
- the half-power opening of such a radiating source is very wide in the horizontal plane: it is about 130 °.
- short-circulating radiating slots 10, 12 are associated with the horn in order to produce a grating effect which focuses the radiation pattern in the horizontal plane and reduces half-power opening.
- These slots are integrated in the ground plane 8. They have an elongate shape and are arranged on either side of the radiating opening 6, parallel thereto. They are short-circuited by means of a metal cover (not shown), located under the ground plane, and are supplied by coupling with the electromagnetic energy coming out of the radiating opening 6 of the sectoral horn 2.
- the depth of these slots 10, 12 is equal to one quarter of the wavelength ⁇ , corresponding to the operating frequency F of the antenna. This minimizes the reactive energy of these slots to maximize the radiation thereof.
- the distance between the center of the radiating opening 6 and the center of the short-circuited slot 10 or 12 is denoted by G, and the width of each slot 10 or 12 is denoted W.
- distance G and the width W are respectively 85 mm and 28 mm.
- grooves 14 and 16 are between the slots 10, 12 and the opening 6 and go from the latter to slots 10 and 12.
- the grooves 14 (respectively 16) extend from the top (respectively bottom) of the opening 6 to the top (respectively bottom) of the slots 10 and 12.
- the depth of the grooves 14 and 16 is identical to that of the short-circuited slots 10 and 12.
- the width W of these grooves is of limited size with respect to the wavelength ⁇ , namely less than 0.1 ⁇ (in the example described W is 5 mm) in order to reduce the bulk.
- the length of the short-circuited slots 10, 12 and the opening 6 of the sectoral horn 2 is approximately 3 times the wavelength ⁇ (corresponding to the operating frequency F).
- FIG. 4 shows the distribution of the phase of the electromagnetic field present in the opening 6 and in the slots 10 and 12.
- the scale is graduated in degrees.
- each radiating gap 10 or 12 is discontinuous and consists of a set of elongated elementary slots 18 (FIGS. 5A and 5B), spaced apart from one another. And the length L of each elementary slot 18 is substantially equal to ⁇ / 2.
- other grooves 20 are integrated in the ground plane 8 between these elementary slots 18. These other grooves 20 connect to each other the elementary slots 18 of the same slot 10 or 12
- the depth of these other grooves 20 is substantially one quarter of the wavelength ⁇ (corresponding to the operating frequency F).
- the width WR 2 of these other grooves 20 is 3 mm in the example and the total length of each groove 20 is substantially 1.5 ⁇ . In the example, this length equal to 1.5 ⁇ is obtained by giving the grooves 20 a zigzag configuration.
- parasitic elements are arranged above the radiating opening 6 and the radiating slots 10, 12. These elements are metal shutters 22 and 24, mechanically deployable. , continuously, and located 3 cm above the ground plane 8 ( Figures 7A, 7B and 7C).
- the flaps 22 and 24 can be made in the form of telescopic flaps that are fixed to the ground plane 8.
- Table 1 shows some values of the half-power aperture in the vertical plane and in the horizontal plane as a function of the distance d.
- the intensity I (in dB) is plotted as a function of the angle ⁇ (in degrees).
- the latter has a standard size for operation at 2.47 GHz (height 43 mm and width 86 mm).
- a monopole antenna 26 is introduced into this waveguide 25 to feed the antenna A.
- the monopole antenna 26 is soldered to a connector N referenced 30, to be powered by a not shown coaxial cable.
- the waveguide 25 is closed by a short circuit 32.
- FIG. 11 The various dimensions relating to the monopole antenna 26 are noted in FIG. 11. Part I (respectively II) of FIG. 11 corresponds to what is inside (respectively outside) of the waveguide 25.
- the diameters denoted D1, D2 and D3 are respectively 6 mm, 14.5 mm and 11.5 mm and the lengths denoted II, 12 and 13 are respectively 6 mm, 11 mm and 11.5 mm. .
- the simulated adaptation of the antenna A is less than -14 dB for any value of the spacing d.
- the gain obtained in simulation varies from 11 to 16.5 dBi. The highest gain is obtained when the half-power aperture in the vertical plane is the smallest.
- FIGS. 12A, 12B and 12C is a particular embodiment of the antenna A, making it possible to reduce its bulk.
- the sectoral horn 2 is folded so as to "flatten" it against the ground plane 8.
- the minimum radius of curvature noted R in FIG. 12C is 10 mm. If this ray is not respected, the phase distribution of the electromagnetic field present in the opening 6 of the horn 2 is no longer constant. In this case, the radiation pattern is less focused and the half-power aperture in the vertical plane increases. It becomes almost impossible to maintain an angle of 20 °, even with a distance d of 400 mm.
- the following are the steps of an exemplary method of manufacturing the antenna A.
- the opening 6 of the horn 2, the radiating slots 10 and 12 and all the grooves 14 and 16 are drawn with water jet in the solid metal.
Landscapes
- Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1458299A FR3025658B1 (fr) | 2014-09-04 | 2014-09-04 | Antenne a diagramme de rayonnement mecaniquement reconfigurable |
PCT/EP2015/070104 WO2016034656A1 (fr) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-09-03 | Antenne a diagramme de rayonnement mecaniquement reconfigurable |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3189557A1 true EP3189557A1 (fr) | 2017-07-12 |
EP3189557B1 EP3189557B1 (fr) | 2019-08-07 |
Family
ID=52016754
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15757496.3A Active EP3189557B1 (fr) | 2014-09-04 | 2015-09-03 | Antenne à diagramme de rayonnement mécaniquement reconfigurable |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10403975B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3189557B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3025658B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2016034656A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10763916B2 (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2020-09-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dual mode antenna systems and methods for use therewith |
CN108417974A (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-17 | 电子科技大学 | 一种可重构的双频带天线 |
CN112640213B (zh) * | 2018-09-10 | 2022-01-28 | Hrl实验室有限责任公司 | 具有用于宽带频率调谐的可重新配置辐射器的电子可控全息天线 |
US11349220B2 (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2022-05-31 | Veoneer Us, Inc. | Oscillating waveguides and related sensor assemblies |
CN111370870B (zh) * | 2020-03-19 | 2021-11-12 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | 天线装置及电子设备 |
US11668788B2 (en) | 2021-07-08 | 2023-06-06 | Veoneer Us, Llc | Phase-compensated waveguides and related sensor assemblies |
US12015201B2 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-06-18 | Magna Electronics, Llc | Waveguides and waveguide sensors with signal-improving grooves and/or slots |
CN116417779A (zh) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-07-11 | 华为技术有限公司 | 天线、阵列天线及电子设备 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3189850A (en) * | 1962-11-23 | 1965-06-15 | Microwave Ass | Rectangular waveguide bend |
US3261018A (en) * | 1963-08-30 | 1966-07-12 | Itt | Miniature horn antenna |
US3274602A (en) * | 1963-09-16 | 1966-09-20 | North American Aviation Inc | Antenna having variable beamwidth achieved by variation of source width |
US5754144A (en) * | 1996-07-19 | 1998-05-19 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Ultra-wideband horn antenna with abrupt radiator |
US6031504A (en) * | 1998-06-10 | 2000-02-29 | Mcewan; Thomas E. | Broadband antenna pair with low mutual coupling |
FR2912558B1 (fr) * | 2007-02-14 | 2009-05-15 | Airbus France Sa | Antenne adaptable pour essais de compatibilite electromagnetique. |
-
2014
- 2014-09-04 FR FR1458299A patent/FR3025658B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-09-03 US US15/506,902 patent/US10403975B2/en active Active
- 2015-09-03 WO PCT/EP2015/070104 patent/WO2016034656A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-09-03 EP EP15757496.3A patent/EP3189557B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2016034656A1 (fr) | 2016-03-10 |
EP3189557B1 (fr) | 2019-08-07 |
US10403975B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
FR3025658A1 (fr) | 2016-03-11 |
FR3025658B1 (fr) | 2016-12-23 |
US20170279193A1 (en) | 2017-09-28 |
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