EP3188965B1 - Controllable pitch propeller - Google Patents

Controllable pitch propeller Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3188965B1
EP3188965B1 EP15757285.0A EP15757285A EP3188965B1 EP 3188965 B1 EP3188965 B1 EP 3188965B1 EP 15757285 A EP15757285 A EP 15757285A EP 3188965 B1 EP3188965 B1 EP 3188965B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydraulic fluid
water
propeller blade
piston
propeller
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EP15757285.0A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3188965A1 (en
Inventor
Mathias Pein
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Otto Piening Schiffspropeller und Wellenanlagen GmbH
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Otto Piening Schiffspropeller und Wellenanlagen GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/06—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical
    • B63H3/08—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid
    • B63H3/081—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft
    • B63H3/082—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable
    • B63H2003/084—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical fluid actuated by control element coaxial with the propeller shaft the control element being axially reciprocatable with annular cylinder and piston

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ship propulsion system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such ship propulsion systems have variable pitch propellers. which are used in particular in ships to select the propulsion regardless of the speed of the marine engine can. Variable pitch propellers are therefore particularly advantageous when the feed often changes.
  • variable pitch propellers can indeed be made very robust, already minor defects, such as leaks, but cause that they must be repaired immediately to prevent escaping hydraulic fluid must be replaced.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a particularly safe to operate marine propulsion.
  • the invention solves the problem by a variable pitch propeller with the features of claim 1.
  • An advantage of such a marine propulsion system is that it is fault-tolerant. Even if the hydraulic adjusting device shows a leak, it is usually not necessary to repair the adjusting device immediately. The reason is that a hydrophilic hydraulic fluid such as water or glycerin is readily available everywhere with little effort. A loss of hydraulic fluid can be easily compensated.
  • Another advantage is that the formation of steam and cavitation bubbles is largely excluded. Even at high temperatures, for example in the engine room, in which a pressure water distributor can be arranged to supply the variable pitch with hydraulic fluid, and also an increased contribution of heat energy in the variable pitch by frequent operation, it is ensured that no steam and cavitation bubbles can occur. Cavitation quickly leads to heavy wear and occurs when the steam pressure is locally and temporarily undercut.
  • the hydraulic adjusting device is understood to mean, in particular, that device by means of which the setting angle, which is decisive for the pitch of the propeller blade, can be adjusted.
  • the adjusting device preferably comprises a pressurized water source for discharging pressurized water.
  • the pressure of the hydraulic fluid which is built up by the pressurized water source is at least 5 bar, in particular at least 50 bar.
  • a hydrophilic hydraulic fluid is meant, in particular, a fluid which is miscible with water in any ratio.
  • the fluid comprises at least 70% by weight of water and alcohols.
  • the hydraulic fluid for fish is nontoxic up to a concentration of 0.1% by weight. This is understood in particular to mean that the zero effect concentration, ie the concentration at which no fish dies within 24 hours, is at least 0.1% by weight.
  • the hydraulic fluid is biodegradable. This is understood to mean, in particular, that it complies with the modified OECD Screening Test OECD 301 E.
  • the hydraulic fluid is at least 80% by weight water.
  • the water it is possible for the water to contain additives, for example corrosion inhibitors and / or an antifreeze.
  • additives for example corrosion inhibitors and / or an antifreeze.
  • the higher the water content the sooner leakage into the environment can be tolerated.
  • the hydraulic fluid contains no substances toxic to aquatic organisms. By this is meant in particular that an introduction hydraulic fluid into the water is possible without endangering the aquatic life. It is particularly favorable if the hydraulic fluid contains at most 2.5 percent by weight, in particular at most 1 percent by weight, of mineral oil. If hydraulic fluid escapes, mineral oil components cause a clearly visible oil film to form on the affected water surface, which is undesirable from an environmental point of view. If the hydraulic fluid contains a mineral oil or only very small amounts thereof, escaping hydraulic fluid can not contaminate the surrounding water.
  • a list of aquatic organisms of non-toxic substances can be found, for example, in the General Administrative Order to the Water Resources Act on the classification of substances hazardous to water in water hazard classes, Federal Gazette, Vol. 51, Number 98a, ISSN 0720-6100.
  • the at least one propeller blade is at least also mounted on the hub by means of a solid lubricant element and / or self-lubricating on the hub. This prevents a release of petroleum products into the water.
  • the hydraulic adjusting device comprises a piston coupled to the at least one propeller blade, the propeller blade actuable by pressurizing the piston with hydraulic fluid, and a transfer device for converting longitudinal movement of the piston into rotational movement of the at least one propeller blade is designed self-lubricating.
  • the transfer device comprises no lubricant, in particular no mineral oil-containing lubricant. It is particularly favorable if all components of the variable pitch propeller which are at the same axial height as the hub are free of lubricants based on mineral oil. In particular, these components are self-lubricating.
  • the axial height refers to the axis of rotation of the hub.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross section through a ship 10, which has a ship propulsion 12 according to the invention, which comprises a drive motor 14 in the form of a marine diesel and a variable pitch propeller 16.
  • the variable pitch propeller 16 has a hub 18 and a first propeller blade 20.1, a second propeller blade 20.2 and other propeller blades, the FIG. 1 are not shown.
  • the propeller blades 20.1, 20.2 are variable by means of a hydraulic adjusting device 22 in pitch.
  • the slope is given by a setting angle ⁇ .
  • FIG. 1 also shows a rudder system 24 of the ship 10.
  • the adjusting device 22 has a pressurized water distributor 26, which is part of a pressurized water supply device 27 and is connected to a schematically illustrated pressurized water source 28 so that provided by the pressurized water source 28 and pressurized hydraulic fluid 29 in the form of water to a piston 30 in the Hub of the variable pitch propeller 16 can be delivered.
  • the operation of this piston is in the FIGS. 2a and 2b explained in more detail.
  • FIG. 2a shows a variable pitch propeller 16, in which the piston 30 is arranged in a hydraulic cylinder 32 within the hub 18. If the pressurized water distributor 26 acts on a first partial volume 34 of the hydraulic cylinder 32, the setting angle ⁇ increases. If the pressurized water distributor 26 acts on a second partial volume 36, the setting angle ⁇ decreases.
  • the piston 30 is made of corrosion resistant material, such as bronze and / or corrosion resistant steel.
  • FIG. 2b shows an alternative embodiment of a variable pitch propeller 16, in which the hydraulic cylinder 32 and thus the piston 30 are arranged outside the hub 18.
  • the piston 30 is connected to a piston rod 38 which passes through a shaft 40 and actuates the propeller blades 20.
  • the marine propulsion system 12 comprises a cooler 42, by means of which the hydraulic fluid 29 can be cooled.
  • the radiator 42 in the present embodiment is a heat exchanger connected to the cooling water circuit of the vessel 10.
  • the temperature T of the hydraulic fluid is continuously determined. If the temperature exceeds 60 ° C, a warning signal is output, for example in the form of an electrical signal that encodes the fact that the temperature is too high. Alternatively, the warning signal causes the radiator 42 to more strongly cool the hydraulic fluid. This prevents heating to a temperature significantly above 60 ° C and avoids vapor bubbles.
  • FIG. 3 shows the structure of the hub 18 in cross section with more details.
  • a transfer device 41 by means of which the longitudinal movement of the piston 30 is converted into the rotational movement of the propeller blades 20.
  • the hydraulic fluid 29 in the present embodiment has the following composition: 15% by weight of ethylene glycol as antifreeze and 85% by weight of water.
  • the water may be, for example, drinking water or seawater.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schiffsantrieb gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Anspruch 1.The invention relates to a ship propulsion system according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Schiffsantriebe besitzen Verstellpropeller. die insbesondere in Schiffen eingesetzt werden, um den Vortrieb unabhängig von der Drehzahl des Schiffsmotors wählen zu können. Verstellpropeller sind daher besonders dann vorteilhaft, wenn der Vorschub sich oft ändert.Such ship propulsion systems have variable pitch propellers. which are used in particular in ships to select the propulsion regardless of the speed of the marine engine can. Variable pitch propellers are therefore particularly advantageous when the feed often changes.

Nachteilig an bekannten Schiffsantrieben ist, dass deren Verstellpropeller zwar sehr robust hergestellt werden können, bereits kleinere Defekte, beispielsweise Leckagen, aber dazu führen, dass sie sofort repariert werden müssen, um zu verhindern, dass austretendes Hydraulikfluid ersetzt werden muss.A disadvantage of known marine propulsion systems is that their variable pitch propellers can indeed be made very robust, already minor defects, such as leaks, but cause that they must be repaired immediately to prevent escaping hydraulic fluid must be replaced.

Aus der EP 1 902 941 A2 ist daher bekannt, Wasser als Hydraulikfluid zu verwenden. Nachteilig an einem solchen System ist, dass die Befürchtung besteht, dass häufige Betätigung unter ungünstigen Bedingungen zu einem ungenügenden Ansprechen des Verstellpropellers führen könnte.From the EP 1 902 941 A2 is therefore known to use water as hydraulic fluid. A disadvantage of such a system is that there is a fear that frequent operation under unfavorable conditions could lead to an insufficient response of the variable pitch propeller.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen besonders sicher zu betreibenden Schiffsantrieb anzugeben.The invention has for its object to provide a particularly safe to operate marine propulsion.

Die Erfindung löst das Problem durch einen Verstellpropeller mit den Merkmalen von Anspruch 1.The invention solves the problem by a variable pitch propeller with the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhaft an einem derartigen Schiffsantrieb ist, dass er fehlertolerant ist. Selbst wenn nämlich die hydraulische Verstellvorrichtung eine Leckage zeigt, so ist es meist nicht notwendig, die Verstellvorrichtung sofort zu reparieren. Der Grund ist, dass ein hydrophiles Hydraulikfluid wie Wasser oder Glyzerin einfach und mit geringem Aufwand überall verfügbar ist. Ein Verlust an Hydraulikfluid kann dadurch einfach ausgeglichen werden.An advantage of such a marine propulsion system is that it is fault-tolerant. Even if the hydraulic adjusting device shows a leak, it is usually not necessary to repair the adjusting device immediately. The reason is that a hydrophilic hydraulic fluid such as water or glycerin is readily available everywhere with little effort. A loss of hydraulic fluid can be easily compensated.

Es ist ein weiterer Vorteil, dass bei einer Leckage austretendes Hydraulikfluid zu keiner oder nur einer geringen Belastung der Umwelt führt. Im Stand der Technik wird als Hydraulikfluid Mineralöl verwendet, was in den meisten Staaten nicht ins Wasser abgegeben werden darf. Bereits kleinere Leckagen führen daher dazu, dass Verstellpropeller nach dem Stand der Technik nicht mehr betrieben werden dürfen. Durch die Verwendung von Wasser als Hydraulikfluid kann eine Gewässerverunreinigung weitestgehend ausgeschlossen werden, so dass der Verstellpropeller auch im Leckagefall weiterbetrieben werden kann. Das erhöht die Verfügbarkeit eines Schiffes, das mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Schiffsantrieb ausgerüstet ist.It is a further advantage that hydraulic fluid escaping in the event of a leak leads to no or only a slight load on the environment. In the prior art, mineral oil is used as hydraulic fluid, which in most states may not be released into the water. Smaller leakages therefore lead to the fact that variable pitch propeller according to the prior art may no longer be operated. By using water as hydraulic fluid, a water pollution can be largely excluded, so that the variable pitch propeller can continue to operate even in case of leakage. This increases the availability of a ship that is equipped with the ship propulsion system according to the invention.

Es ist ein weiterer Vorteil, dass der Schiffsantrieb einfach zu warten ist. Beim Betrieb der Verstellvorrichtung führt Verschleiß zur Anreicherung von Partikeln im Hydraulikfluid. Das Hydraulikfluid muss daher in regelmäßigen Abständen ausgetauscht werden. Durch die Verwendung von hydrophilem Hydraulikfluid wie Wasser ist der Austausch des Hydraulikfluids einfach möglich.It is another advantage that the ship's propulsion is easy to maintain. During operation of the adjusting wear leads to the accumulation of particles in the hydraulic fluid. The hydraulic fluid must therefore be replaced at regular intervals. By using hydrophilic hydraulic fluid such as water, replacement of the hydraulic fluid is easily possible.

Vorteilhaft ist zudem, dass die Bildung von Dampf- und Kavitationsblasen weitgehend ausgeschlossen ist. Auch bei hohen Temperaturen, beispielsweise im Maschinenraum, in dem ein Druckwasserverteiler zum Versorgen des Verstellpropellers mit Hydraulikfluid angeordnet sein kann, und zudem einer erhöhten Einbringung von Wärmeenergie in den Verstellpropeller durch häufiges Betätigen, ist sichergestellt, dass keine Dampf- und Kavitationsblasen auftreten können. Kavitation führt schnell zu starkem Verschleiß und entsteht, wenn der Dampfdruck lokal und temporär unterschritten wird.Another advantage is that the formation of steam and cavitation bubbles is largely excluded. Even at high temperatures, for example in the engine room, in which a pressure water distributor can be arranged to supply the variable pitch with hydraulic fluid, and also an increased contribution of heat energy in the variable pitch by frequent operation, it is ensured that no steam and cavitation bubbles can occur. Cavitation quickly leads to heavy wear and occurs when the steam pressure is locally and temporarily undercut.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung wird unter der hydraulischen Verstellvorrichtung insbesondere diejenige Vorrichtung verstanden, mittels der der Stellwinkel, der maßgeblich ist für die Steigung des Propellerblatts, verstellbar ist. Insbesondere umfasst die Verstellvorrichtung vorzugsweise eine Druckwasserquelle zum Abgeben von unter Druck stehendem Wasser. Insbesondere beträgt der Druck des Hydraulikfluids, der von der Druckwasserquelle aufgebaut wird, zumindest 5 bar, insbesondere zumindest 50 bar.In the context of the present description, the hydraulic adjusting device is understood to mean, in particular, that device by means of which the setting angle, which is decisive for the pitch of the propeller blade, can be adjusted. In particular, the adjusting device preferably comprises a pressurized water source for discharging pressurized water. In particular, the pressure of the hydraulic fluid which is built up by the pressurized water source is at least 5 bar, in particular at least 50 bar.

Unter einem hydrophilem Hydraulikfluid wird insbesondere ein Fluid verstanden, das mit Wasser in jedem Verhältnis mischbar ist. Vorzugsweise umfasst das Fluid zu zumindest 70 Gewichtsprozenten Wasser und Alkohole. Vorzugsweise ist das Hydraulikfluid für Fische bis zu einer Konzentration von einem 0,1 Gewichtsprozent ungiftig. Hierunter wird insbesondere verstanden, dass die Nulleffektkonzentration, also die Konzentration, bei der innerhalb von 24 Stunden kein Fisch stirbt, zumindest 0,1 Gewichtsprozent beträgt. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Hydraulikfluid biologisch abbaubar. Hierunter wird insbesondere verstanden, dass es den modifizierten OECD-Screening-Test OECD 301 E erfüllt.By a hydrophilic hydraulic fluid is meant, in particular, a fluid which is miscible with water in any ratio. Preferably, the fluid comprises at least 70% by weight of water and alcohols. Preferably, the hydraulic fluid for fish is nontoxic up to a concentration of 0.1% by weight. This is understood in particular to mean that the zero effect concentration, ie the concentration at which no fish dies within 24 hours, is at least 0.1% by weight. According to a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic fluid is biodegradable. This is understood to mean, in particular, that it complies with the modified OECD Screening Test OECD 301 E.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform besteht das Hydraulikfluid zu zumindest 80 Gewichtsprozenten aus Wasser. Es ist in anderen Worten möglich, dass das Wasser Additive enthält, beispielsweise Korrosionsschutzmittel und/oder ein Frostschutzmittel. Je höher jedoch der Wassergehalt ist, desto eher kann eine Leckage in die Umgebung toleriert werden.According to a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic fluid is at least 80% by weight water. In other words, it is possible for the water to contain additives, for example corrosion inhibitors and / or an antifreeze. However, the higher the water content, the sooner leakage into the environment can be tolerated.

Besonders günstig ist es, wenn das Hydraulikfluid keine für Wasserlebewesen toxischen Stoffe enthält. Hierunter ist insbesondere zu verstehen, dass eine Einleitung von Hydraulikfluid in das Wasser möglich ist, ohne die Wasserlebewesen zu gefährden. Besonders günstig ist es, wenn das Hydraulikfluid höchstens 2,5 Gewichtsprozent, insbesondere höchstens 1 Gewichtsprozent, Mineralöl enthält. Tritt Hydraulikfluid aus, so führen Mineralölbestandteile dazu, dass sich auf der betroffenen Wasseroberfläche ein deutlich sichtbarer Ölfilm bildet, was aus Umweltgesichtspunkten unerwünscht ist. Enthält das Hydraulikfluid ein Mineralöl oder nur sehr geringe Mengen davon, so kann austretendes Hydraulikfluid das umgebende Gewässer nicht verunreinigen. Eine Aufstellung für Wasserlebewesen nicht toxischer Stoffe findet sich zum Beispiel in der Allgemeinen Verwaltungsvorschrift zum Wasserhaushaltsgesetz über die Einstufung wassergefährdender Stoffe in Wassergefährdungsklassen, Bundesanzeiger Jahrgang 51, Nummer 98a, ISSN 0720-6100.It is particularly favorable if the hydraulic fluid contains no substances toxic to aquatic organisms. By this is meant in particular that an introduction hydraulic fluid into the water is possible without endangering the aquatic life. It is particularly favorable if the hydraulic fluid contains at most 2.5 percent by weight, in particular at most 1 percent by weight, of mineral oil. If hydraulic fluid escapes, mineral oil components cause a clearly visible oil film to form on the affected water surface, which is undesirable from an environmental point of view. If the hydraulic fluid contains a mineral oil or only very small amounts thereof, escaping hydraulic fluid can not contaminate the surrounding water. A list of aquatic organisms of non-toxic substances can be found, for example, in the General Administrative Order to the Water Resources Act on the classification of substances hazardous to water in water hazard classes, Federal Gazette, Vol. 51, Number 98a, ISSN 0720-6100.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das zumindest eine Propellerblatt zumindest auch mittels eines Festkörperschmierelements an der Nabe und/oder selbstschmierend an der Nabe gelagert. So wird eine Abgabe von Mineralölprodukten ins Wasser verhindert.In a preferred embodiment, the at least one propeller blade is at least also mounted on the hub by means of a solid lubricant element and / or self-lubricating on the hub. This prevents a release of petroleum products into the water.

Vorzugsweise umfasst die hydraulische Verstellvorrichtung einen Kolben, der so mit dem zumindest einen Propellerblatt gekoppelt ist, dass das Propellerblatt durch Beaufschlagen des Kolbens mit Hydraulikfluid betätigbar ist, und eine Umsetzvorrichtung zum Umsetzen einer Längsbewegung des Kolbens in eine Drehbewegung des zumindest einen Propellerblatts, wobei die Umsetzvorrichtung selbstschmierend ausgebildet ist. In anderen Worten umfasst die Umsetzvorrichtung keinen Schmierstoff, insbesondere keinen mineralölhaltigen Schmierstoff. Besonders günstig ist es, wenn alle Komponenten des Verstellpropellers, die auf der gleichen axialen Höhe liegen wie die Nabe, frei von Schmierstoffen auf Mineralölbasis sind. Insbesondere sind diese Komponenten selbstschmierend. Die axiale Höhe bezieht sich dabei auf die Drehachse der Nabe. Vorteilhaft an einem derartigen Verstellpropeller ist, dass Verunreinigungen des umgebenden Wassers mit Mineralölprodukten ausgeschlossen werden können.Preferably, the hydraulic adjusting device comprises a piston coupled to the at least one propeller blade, the propeller blade actuable by pressurizing the piston with hydraulic fluid, and a transfer device for converting longitudinal movement of the piston into rotational movement of the at least one propeller blade is designed self-lubricating. In other words, the transfer device comprises no lubricant, in particular no mineral oil-containing lubricant. It is particularly favorable if all components of the variable pitch propeller which are at the same axial height as the hub are free of lubricants based on mineral oil. In particular, these components are self-lubricating. The axial height refers to the axis of rotation of the hub. An advantage of such a variable pitch is that impurities of surrounding water with mineral oil products can be excluded.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Dabei zeigt

Figur 1
einen Querschnitt durch ein schematisch eingezeichnetes Schiff mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Schiffsantrieb,
Figur 2a
eine schematische Ansicht eines Verstellpropellers gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Figur 2b
das Prinzip eines Verstellpropellers gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
Figur 3
einen Querschnitt durch einen Verstellpropeller.
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows
FIG. 1
a cross section through a schematically drawn ship with a ship propulsion system according to the invention,
FIG. 2a
a schematic view of a variable pitch propeller according to a first embodiment,
FIG. 2b
the principle of a variable pitch propeller according to a second embodiment,
FIG. 3
a cross section through a variable pitch propeller.

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch einen Querschnitt durch ein Schiff 10, das einen erfindungsgemäßen Schiffsantrieb 12 besitzt, der einen Antriebsmotor 14 in Form eines Schiffsdiesels und einen Verstellpropeller 16 umfasst. Der Verstellpropeller 16 besitzt eine Nabe 18 sowie ein erstes Propellerblatt 20.1, ein zweites Propellerblatt 20.2 und weitere Propellerblätter, die in Figur 1 nicht dargestellt sind. FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross section through a ship 10, which has a ship propulsion 12 according to the invention, which comprises a drive motor 14 in the form of a marine diesel and a variable pitch propeller 16. The variable pitch propeller 16 has a hub 18 and a first propeller blade 20.1, a second propeller blade 20.2 and other propeller blades, the FIG. 1 are not shown.

Die Propellerblätter 20.1, 20.2 sind mittels einer hydraulischen Verstellvorrichtung 22 in ihrer Steigung veränderbar. Die Steigung wird angegeben durch einen Einstellwinkel ε. Figur 1 zeigt zudem eine Ruderanlage 24 des Schiffs 10.The propeller blades 20.1, 20.2 are variable by means of a hydraulic adjusting device 22 in pitch. The slope is given by a setting angle ε. FIG. 1 also shows a rudder system 24 of the ship 10.

Die Verstellvorrichtung 22 weist einen Druckwasserverteiler 26 auf, der Teil einer Druckwasser-Versorgungsvorrichtung 27 ist und mit einer schematisch eingezeichneten Druckwasserquelle 28 so verbunden ist, dass von der Druckwasserquelle 28 bereitgestelltes und unter Druck stehendes Hydraulikfluid 29 in Form von Wasser an einen Kolben 30 in der Nabe des Verstellpropellers 16 geliefert werden kann. Die Funktionsweise dieses Kolbens wird in den Figuren 2a und 2b näher erläutert.The adjusting device 22 has a pressurized water distributor 26, which is part of a pressurized water supply device 27 and is connected to a schematically illustrated pressurized water source 28 so that provided by the pressurized water source 28 and pressurized hydraulic fluid 29 in the form of water to a piston 30 in the Hub of the variable pitch propeller 16 can be delivered. The operation of this piston is in the FIGS. 2a and 2b explained in more detail.

Figur 2a zeigt einen Verstellpropeller 16, bei dem der Kolben 30 in einem Hydraulikzylinder 32 innerhalb der Nabe 18 angeordnet ist. Beaufschlagt der Druckwasserverteiler 26 ein erstes Teilvolumen 34 des Hydraulikzylinders 32, so vergrößert sich der Einstellwinkel ε. Beaufschlagt der Druckwasserverteiler 26 ein zweites Teilvolumen 36, so verkleinert sich der Einstellwinkel ε. Diese Art der Betätigung des Verstellpropellers 16 gehört für eine Beaufschlagung der Teilvolumina 34, 36 mit Öl zum Stand der Technik und wird daher nicht weiter erläutert. Der Kolben 30 ist aus korrosionsbeständigem Material hergestellt, beispielsweise Bronze und/oder korrosionsbeständigem Stahl. FIG. 2a shows a variable pitch propeller 16, in which the piston 30 is arranged in a hydraulic cylinder 32 within the hub 18. If the pressurized water distributor 26 acts on a first partial volume 34 of the hydraulic cylinder 32, the setting angle ε increases. If the pressurized water distributor 26 acts on a second partial volume 36, the setting angle ε decreases. This type of actuation of the variable pitch propeller 16 is part of the state of the art for pressurizing the partial volumes 34, 36 with oil and will therefore not be explained further. The piston 30 is made of corrosion resistant material, such as bronze and / or corrosion resistant steel.

Figur 2b zeigt eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Verstellpropellers 16, bei der der Hydraulikzylinder 32 und damit der Kolben 30 außerhalb der Nabe 18 angeordnet sind. Der Kolben 30 ist mit einer Kolbenstange 38 verbunden, die durch eine Welle 40 verläuft und die Propellerblätter 20 betätigt. FIG. 2b shows an alternative embodiment of a variable pitch propeller 16, in which the hydraulic cylinder 32 and thus the piston 30 are arranged outside the hub 18. The piston 30 is connected to a piston rod 38 which passes through a shaft 40 and actuates the propeller blades 20.

Der Schiffsantrieb 12 umfasst einen Kühler 42, mittels dem das Hydraulikfluid 29 gekühlt werden kann. Der Kühler 42 ist in der vorliegenden Ausführungsform ein Wärmetauscher, der mit dem Kühlwasserkreislauf des Schiffes 10 verbunden ist.The marine propulsion system 12 comprises a cooler 42, by means of which the hydraulic fluid 29 can be cooled. The radiator 42 in the present embodiment is a heat exchanger connected to the cooling water circuit of the vessel 10.

Mittels einer Temperaturüberwachungsvorrichtung in Form eines Temperatursensors 44 wird kontinuierlich die Temperatur T des Hydraulikfluids ermittelt. Übersteigt die Temperatur 60°C, so wird ein Warnsignal ausgegeben, beispielsweise in Form eines elektrischen Signals, das die Tatsache kodiert, dass die Temperatur zu hoch ist. Alternativ bewirkt das Warnsignal, dass der Kühler 42 das Hydraulikfluid stärker kühlt. So wird eine Erwärmung auf eine Temperatur deutlich über 60°C verhindert und Dampfblasen vermieden.By means of a temperature monitoring device in the form of a temperature sensor 44, the temperature T of the hydraulic fluid is continuously determined. If the temperature exceeds 60 ° C, a warning signal is output, for example in the form of an electrical signal that encodes the fact that the temperature is too high. Alternatively, the warning signal causes the radiator 42 to more strongly cool the hydraulic fluid. This prevents heating to a temperature significantly above 60 ° C and avoids vapor bubbles.

Figur 3 zeigt den Aufbau der Nabe 18 im Querschnitt mit mehr Details. Zu erkennen ist eine Umsetzvorrichtung 41, mittels der die Längs-Bewegung des Kolbens 30 in die Drehbewegung der Propellerblätter 20 umgesetzt wird. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the hub 18 in cross section with more details. To recognize is a transfer device 41, by means of which the longitudinal movement of the piston 30 is converted into the rotational movement of the propeller blades 20.

Das Hydraulikfluid 29 hat in der vorliegenden Ausführungsform die folgende Zusammensetzung: 15 Gewichtsprozent Ethylenglykol als Frostschutzmittel und 85 Gewichtsprozent Wasser. Bei dem Wasser kann es sich beispielsweise um Trinkwasser oder Meerwasser handeln.The hydraulic fluid 29 in the present embodiment has the following composition: 15% by weight of ethylene glycol as antifreeze and 85% by weight of water. The water may be, for example, drinking water or seawater.

BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1010
Schiffship
1212
Schiffsantriebmarine propulsion
1414
Antriebsmotordrive motor
1616
Verstellpropellervariable pitch
1818
Nabehub
2020
Propellerblattpropeller blade
2222
Verstellvorrichtungadjustment
2424
Ruderanlagesteering gear
2626
DruckwasserverteilerPressure water distribution
2828
DruckwasserquellePressurized water source
2929
Hydraulikfluid, DruckwasserHydraulic fluid, pressurized water
3030
Kolbenpiston
3232
Hydraulikzylinderhydraulic cylinders
3434
erstes Teilvolumenfirst partial volume
3636
zweites Teilvolumensecond partial volume
3838
Kolbenstangepiston rod
4040
Wellewave
4141
Umsetzvorrichtungrelocating
4242
Kühlercooler
4444
Temperatursensortemperature sensor
εε
EinstellwinkelSetting angle

Claims (5)

  1. A marine drive (12) with
    (i) at least one drive engine (14) and
    (ii) a controllable pitch propeller (16) that is driven by the at least one drive engine (14), and comprises
    (a) a hub (18),
    (b) at least one propeller blade (20) and
    (c) a hydraulic adjustment device (22) for adjusting the pitch of the at least one propeller blade (20) by means of a hydrophilic hydraulic fluid (29), which is composed primarily of water,
    characterised by the fact that the marine drive (12) features a cooler (42) for cooling the hydraulic fluid (29).
  2. A marine drive according to claim 1, characterised by a temperature monitoring device for recording a water temperature of the hydraulic fluid (29), which is configured to emit a warning signal when the water temperature is above 60°C.
  3. The marine drive according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that the at least one propeller blade (20) is mounted on the hub (18) such that it is self-lubricating.
  4. The marine drive according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that
    (a) the hydraulic adjustment device (22) comprises
    - a piston (30), which is coupled with the at least one propeller blade (20) in such a way that the propeller blade (20) can be activated by subjecting the piston (30) to hydraulic fluid, and
    - a conversion device (41) for converting a longitudinal movement of the piston (30) into a rotary movement of the at least one propeller blade (20)
    and
    (b) the conversion device (41) is designed to be self-lubricating.
  5. The marine drive according to one of the above claims, characterised by the fact that the hydraulic fluid (29) includes an anti-freeze agent, meaning that a freezing point has a maximum temperature of -4°C.
EP15757285.0A 2014-09-02 2015-09-02 Controllable pitch propeller Active EP3188965B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL15757285T PL3188965T3 (en) 2014-09-02 2015-09-02 Controllable pitch propeller

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102014012766.4A DE102014012766B4 (en) 2014-09-02 2014-09-02 variable pitch
PCT/EP2015/070074 WO2016034639A1 (en) 2014-09-02 2015-09-02 Variable-pitch propeller

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3188965A1 EP3188965A1 (en) 2017-07-12
EP3188965B1 true EP3188965B1 (en) 2019-06-12

Family

ID=54035252

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3188965B1 (en)
DE (2) DE102014012766B4 (en)
DK (1) DK3188965T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2744488T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3188965T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2016034639A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4019390A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-29 Otto Piening Schiffspropeller Und Wellenanlagen GmbH Controllable pitch propeller

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE666385C (en) 1936-10-14 1938-10-18 Karlstad Mekaniska Ab Hub with blades for water turbines, pumps or propellers that can be rotated during operation
US3412808A (en) 1967-10-06 1968-11-26 Thompson Wendell L Variable pitch propeller for boat
US3778187A (en) 1971-04-13 1973-12-11 Propulsion Systems Inc Controllable pitch propellers for marine vessels
GB2140096A (en) 1983-05-13 1984-11-21 Wilfred Thomas Bellew Marine propeller pitch control system
EP1902941A2 (en) 2006-09-21 2008-03-26 Air Fertigung-Technologie GmbH & Co. KG Ship's propulsion with an adjustable propeller

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE666385C (en) 1936-10-14 1938-10-18 Karlstad Mekaniska Ab Hub with blades for water turbines, pumps or propellers that can be rotated during operation
US3412808A (en) 1967-10-06 1968-11-26 Thompson Wendell L Variable pitch propeller for boat
US3778187A (en) 1971-04-13 1973-12-11 Propulsion Systems Inc Controllable pitch propellers for marine vessels
GB2140096A (en) 1983-05-13 1984-11-21 Wilfred Thomas Bellew Marine propeller pitch control system
EP1902941A2 (en) 2006-09-21 2008-03-26 Air Fertigung-Technologie GmbH & Co. KG Ship's propulsion with an adjustable propeller

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Title
"Controllable Pitch Propellers", 1 January 2007, article KEITH BROWNLIE: "Hydraulic systems", pages: 54 - 100-101, XP055704676
ALAN HITCHCOX: "Water Hydraulics: Benefits and Limitations", HYDRAULICS & PNEUMATICS, 1 January 2012 (2012-01-01), XP055239566, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://hydraulicspneumatics.com/200/TechZone/HydraulicFluids/Article/False/6452/TechZone-HydraulicFluids> [retrieved on 20160108]
ANONNMOUS: "Janus wasserhydraulik aggregate maximale flexibilitat- minimale kosten", WATER HYDRAULICS, 1 January 2012 (2012-01-01), pages 1 - 7, XP055705718, [retrieved on 20200617]
ANONNMOUS: "Rules for Classification and Construction", GERMANISCHER LLOYD, 1 May 2013 (2013-05-01), pages 1 - 52, XP055705716, [retrieved on 20200617]
C. LANG, ET AL: "3. pumpen und turbinen", HYDRAULIK VON ROHRSYSTEMEN, 1 April 2010 (2010-04-01), pages 58 - 63, XP055705722
DEVA METAL: "wartungsfreie selbstschmierende Glei- tlager", FEDERAL MOGUL, 1 March 2000 (2000-03-01), XP055705723, [retrieved on 20200617]
DIVA TEX: "sliding bearings, Maintenance-free, self-lu- bricating", FEDERAL MOGUL, 1 March 2000 (2000-03-01), pages 1 - 6, XP055705724, [retrieved on 20200617]
WEBSEITENAUSZUG, 4 September 2018 (2018-09-04)
WEBSEITENAUSZUG, 7 December 2013 (2013-12-07)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4019390A1 (en) * 2020-12-22 2022-06-29 Otto Piening Schiffspropeller Und Wellenanlagen GmbH Controllable pitch propeller

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3188965T3 (en) 2019-12-31
DE102014012766A1 (en) 2016-03-03
DE202015009960U1 (en) 2022-02-07
WO2016034639A1 (en) 2016-03-10
DK3188965T3 (en) 2019-09-02
DE102014012766B4 (en) 2017-03-30
ES2744488T3 (en) 2020-02-25
EP3188965A1 (en) 2017-07-12

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