EP3182431B1 - Electric switching apparatus - Google Patents

Electric switching apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3182431B1
EP3182431B1 EP16187521.6A EP16187521A EP3182431B1 EP 3182431 B1 EP3182431 B1 EP 3182431B1 EP 16187521 A EP16187521 A EP 16187521A EP 3182431 B1 EP3182431 B1 EP 3182431B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
contacts
mobile
fixed
translation
Prior art date
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EP16187521.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3182431A1 (en
Inventor
Grégory Dedina
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication of EP3182431A1 publication Critical patent/EP3182431A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/18—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with subsequent sliding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical switching device comprising, by phase, a so-called upstream contact and a downstream fixed contact, said fixed contacts being respectively supported by an upstream fixed contact support and a downstream fixed contact support and being electrically connected respectively an upstream power line and a downstream power line, said fixed contacts being intended to cooperate respectively with two movable contacts respectively upstream and downstream, said movable contacts being each supported by a contact support, said contact supports being adapted to to be moved simultaneously in translation by a contact carrier controlled by an actuator, between a first position called opening of the contacts in which the movable contacts are separated from the respective fixed contacts and a so-called closing position in which the movable contacts are in contact with the respective fixed contacts re to establish the electrical connection between the two power lines.
  • the electrical contacts can be linked to one another in the closed position of the contacts by a micro soldering.
  • This micro solder does not exert a very high bonding force, but this effort is sufficient to prevent the opening of the electrical contacts.
  • the patent US5343174 discloses an electrical switch having means for breaking the weld in case of welded contacts.
  • a device implementing cams causes the movable contact in a translation movement relative to the fixed contact. This relative translation movement between the fixed contact and the movable contact makes it possible to break the welds generated between the contacts.
  • the document is also known FR 2608832 describing a switchgear comprising a device capable of driving the moving contact in a rocking movement relative to the fixed contact, this rolling movement of the movable contact on the fixed contact having the effect of breaking the microswings when opening the contacts .
  • a torsion force is applied to the movable contact to facilitate tearing of the movable contact of the fixed contact, the forces being applied almost entirely in tension on the movable contact.
  • the present invention solves these problems and proposes an electrical switching device comprising means for breaking microswings present on the electrical contacts and having significant resistant forces, this device can also hold a large number of maneuvers.
  • the subject of the present invention is a cutting apparatus, this apparatus being characterized in that it comprises means for transforming, during an opening maneuver of the apparatus in the presence of a microsolder between the one of the movable contacts and the associated fixed contact, the translational movement of the contact support associated with the moving contact into a combined movement of translation and rotation of the movable contact of so as to exert at the contact points between the movable contact and the fixed contact, a shearing force capable of breaking the aforementioned microsolding.
  • the abovementioned contact supports are each slidably mounted in a guiding element integral with the abovementioned contact holder, this guide element comprising means for angularly guiding a rod integral with the movable contact associated with the support, this contact mobile being integral in translation of the contact support associated therewith, such that during an opening maneuver of the apparatus a torque is transmitted to the microsolder m by rotation of the movable contact about the axis of the translation aforesaid, this pair generating the aforementioned shear forces.
  • these angular guide means comprise a slot provided in the guide element, said light extending in a direction inclined at an angle with respect to the direction of said translation movement, said light cooperating with a rod belonging to the moving contact in such a way that during an opening operation of the apparatus in the presence of a microsolder, a force is exerted between the contact holder and the guide light at the point of contact between the rod and the guiding light, this force generating a torque on the guide member causing the rotation of the movable contact, this torque being transmitted to the microsolder.
  • this apparatus comprises, associated with each movable contact, a spring adapted to return said movable contact in the open position.
  • the aforementioned angle is between 0 and 90 °.
  • each light comprises a first portion extending in a longitudinal direction inclined at the aforementioned angle, followed by a second portion extending in one direction. substantially parallel to the direction of the aforesaid translational movement, the first part being located on the side of the fixed contacts while the second part is located on the opposite side, the first part being intended to cooperate with the rod during an opening maneuver in the presence of a microsolder, the second being intended to cooperate with the rod during a closing maneuver.
  • this device is a circuit breaker or a contactor.
  • the contacts are the power contacts or the auxiliary contacts of the device.
  • Each of the supports 3, 12 of the movable contact 6, 15 is associated with a spring 4, 13 intended to return the movable contact 6, 5 to the open position, each spring being interposed between said support and the corresponding guide element.
  • This contactor C also comprises two supports 8, 16 of two fixed contacts 7.18, respectively upstream and downstream, said supports carrying respectively an upstream fixed contact 7 and a downstream fixed contact 18, said upstream and downstream fixed contacts 7 being respectively located respectively.
  • These two fixed contacts are respectively electrically connected to an upstream power line 9 and to a downstream power line 17 respectively.
  • this contactor C comprises means for transforming, when opening the movable contacts 6, 15 in the presence of a microsocket between one of the fixed contacts and the corresponding mobile contact, the translational movement of the contacts. 6,15 mobile in a translational movement and rotation of this movable contact so as to exert on a possible microsolding m ( 5A ) formed between the movable contact and the fixed contact corresponding to a shear stress c ( 5B ) capable of promoting the breakage of microsolding m.
  • these means comprise two rods 20,21 secured respectively to the two movable contacts 6,15, said rods 20,21 extending substantially perpendicularly to the axis of the aforementioned tubular parts 5,14, this axis being substantially parallel to the translation axis t of the supports 3,12 of the movable contacts in these guide elements 5,14.
  • These two rods 20,21 are intended to cooperate respectively with two slots 22,23 respectively provided in the two guide elements 5,14.
  • these slots 22, 23 comprise a first part 22a extending in a direction (d) forming an angle ⁇ with respect to the axis of the tubular portions 5, 14, followed by a second portion 22b extending along an axis parallel to the axis of the corresponding tubular portion, this second portion being located on the opposite side to the fixed contacts 7,18.
  • the device is in the open position, the movable contacts having been recalled in open position by respectively the two springs.
  • the two rods 20,21 are respectively at the end of the two second portions 22b, 23b of lights 22,23.
  • the movement of the actuator 1 towards the fixed contacts 8, 16 causes the translational movement of the guide elements 5, 14, which cause the movable contact supports and the movable contacts. 6,14 through the rods 20,21 cooperating with the free edge of the second portions 22b, 23 of lights 22,23 until the contacting of the movable contacts with the fixed contacts respectively.
  • the contactor C is in the closed position, allowing the passage of the current between the upstream power line 9 and the downstream power line 17.
  • the actuator 1 has driven the two guide elements 5,14 upwards.
  • the other movable contact 6 on the other hand, is connected to the corresponding fixed contact by a microsolder preventing this movable contact to be moved upwardly at the same time as the corresponding guide element 5.
  • the object of the invention is to break the microsoudures m to increase the lifetime of the contacts using a fairly simple principle, which is based on a mechanical reality which is the following.
  • the longitudinal modulus of elasticity is higher than a transverse coefficient of elasticity.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to use the forces present during the opening of the contacts without increasing them.
  • the available traction force is converted into shear force in order to change from a longitudinal elastic modulus to a transverse elasticity coefficient.
  • the motor element allowing the opening of the contacts (coils or others) will retain the same characteristics.
  • the invention is applicable to any electrical switch device such as a contactor, a circuit breaker, ... having electrical contacts simple pellet, double cut or other electrical cutoff systems.
  • the invention makes it possible to exert efforts almost exclusively in shear on the microsolder, which makes it possible to break microsoldings having twice the resistant forces.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Breakers (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUETECHNICAL AREA

La présente invention concerne un appareil de coupure électrique comportant par phase, un contact fixe dit amont et un contact fixe dit aval, lesdits contacts fixes étant supportés respectivement par un support de contact fixe amont et un support de contact fixe aval et étant reliés électriquement respectivement à une ligne de puissance amont et à une ligne de puissance aval, lesdits contacts fixes étant destinés à coopérer respectivement avec deux contacts mobiles respectivement amont et aval, lesdits contacts mobiles étant supportés chacun par un support de contact, lesdits supports de contact étant aptes à être déplacés en même temps en translation par un porte-contacts commandé par un actionneur, entre une première position dite d'ouverture des contacts dans laquelle les contacts mobiles sont séparés des contacts fixes respectifs et une position dite de fermeture dans laquelle les contacts mobiles sont en contact avec les contacts fixes respectifs de manière à établir la liaison électrique entre les deux lignes de puissance.The present invention relates to an electrical switching device comprising, by phase, a so-called upstream contact and a downstream fixed contact, said fixed contacts being respectively supported by an upstream fixed contact support and a downstream fixed contact support and being electrically connected respectively an upstream power line and a downstream power line, said fixed contacts being intended to cooperate respectively with two movable contacts respectively upstream and downstream, said movable contacts being each supported by a contact support, said contact supports being adapted to to be moved simultaneously in translation by a contact carrier controlled by an actuator, between a first position called opening of the contacts in which the movable contacts are separated from the respective fixed contacts and a so-called closing position in which the movable contacts are in contact with the respective fixed contacts re to establish the electrical connection between the two power lines.

ETAT DE LA TECHNIQUE ANTERIEURESTATE OF THE PRIOR ART

Aujourd'hui, les contacts électriques peuvent être liés l'un à l'autre en position de fermeture des contacts par une micro soudure. Cette micro soudure n'exerce pas un effort de liaison très élevé, mais cet effort est suffisant pour empêcher l'ouverture des contacts électriques.Today, the electrical contacts can be linked to one another in the closed position of the contacts by a micro soldering. This micro solder does not exert a very high bonding force, but this effort is sufficient to prevent the opening of the electrical contacts.

Le brevet US5343174 décrit un interrupteur électrique comportant des moyens pour rompre la soudure en cas de contacts soudés.The patent US5343174 discloses an electrical switch having means for breaking the weld in case of welded contacts.

Dans ce document, à chaque fermeture et/ou ouverture des contacts électriques, un dispositif mettant en oeuvre des cames entraîne le contact mobile dans un mouvement de translation par rapport au contact fixe. Ce mouvement de translation relatif entre le contact fixe et le contact mobile permet de rompre les soudures générées entre les contacts.In this document, at each closing and / or opening of the electrical contacts, a device implementing cams causes the movable contact in a translation movement relative to the fixed contact. This relative translation movement between the fixed contact and the movable contact makes it possible to break the welds generated between the contacts.

Cette solution décrite est génératrice d'usure prématurée des pastilles de contact et n'est pas compatible avec le nombre de manoeuvres que cet appareil est susceptible de tenir.This solution described is generating premature wear of the contact pads and is not compatible with the number of maneuvers that this device is likely to hold.

On connaît également le document FR 2608832 décrivant un appareil de coupure comportant un dispositif apte à entraîner le contact mobile dans un mouvement de bascule par rapport au contact fixe, ce mouvement de roulement du contact mobile sur le contact fixe ayant pour effet de casser les microsoudures lors de l'ouverture des contacts. Dans cette réalisation, un effort de torsion est appliqué au contact mobile afin de faciliter l'arrachement du contact mobile du contact fixe, les efforts étant appliqués quasi en totalité en traction sur le contact mobile.The document is also known FR 2608832 describing a switchgear comprising a device capable of driving the moving contact in a rocking movement relative to the fixed contact, this rolling movement of the movable contact on the fixed contact having the effect of breaking the microswings when opening the contacts . In this embodiment, a torsion force is applied to the movable contact to facilitate tearing of the movable contact of the fixed contact, the forces being applied almost entirely in tension on the movable contact.

Cette réalisation ne permet pas de rompre des microsoudures présentant des efforts résistants importants. Le document FR 2237295 A1 décrit un appareil de coupure électrique selon le préambule de la revendication 1.This embodiment does not make it possible to break microwaws exhibiting strong resistant stresses. The document FR 2237295 A1 discloses an electrical breaking apparatus according to the preamble of claim 1.

EXPOSE DE L'INVENTIONSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

La présente invention résout ces problèmes et propose un appareil de coupure électrique comportant des moyens permettant de rompre des microsoudures présentes sur les contacts électriques et présentant des efforts résistants importants, cet appareil pouvant également tenir un grand nombre de manoeuvres.The present invention solves these problems and proposes an electrical switching device comprising means for breaking microswings present on the electrical contacts and having significant resistant forces, this device can also hold a large number of maneuvers.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un appareil de coupure, cet appareil étant caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens pour transformer, lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture de l'appareil en présence d'une microsoudure entre l'un des contacts mobiles et le contact fixe associé, le mouvement de translation du support de contact associé au contact mobile en un mouvement combiné de translation et rotation du contact mobile de manière à exercer aux points de contact entre le contact mobile et le contact fixe, un effort de cisaillement apte à rompre la microsoudure précitée.For this purpose, the subject of the present invention is a cutting apparatus, this apparatus being characterized in that it comprises means for transforming, during an opening maneuver of the apparatus in the presence of a microsolder between the one of the movable contacts and the associated fixed contact, the translational movement of the contact support associated with the moving contact into a combined movement of translation and rotation of the movable contact of so as to exert at the contact points between the movable contact and the fixed contact, a shearing force capable of breaking the aforementioned microsolding.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, les supports de contact précités sont montés coulissants chacun dans un élément de guidage solidaire du porte-contacts précité, cet élément de guidage comportant des moyens de guidage angulaire d'une tige solidaire du contact mobile associé au support, ce contact mobile étant solidaire en translation du support de contact qui lui est associé, de telle manière que lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture de l'appareil un couple est transmis à la microsoudure m par rotation du contact mobile autour de l'axe de la translation précitée, ce couple engendrant les efforts de cisaillement précités.According to a particular characteristic, the abovementioned contact supports are each slidably mounted in a guiding element integral with the abovementioned contact holder, this guide element comprising means for angularly guiding a rod integral with the movable contact associated with the support, this contact mobile being integral in translation of the contact support associated therewith, such that during an opening maneuver of the apparatus a torque is transmitted to the microsolder m by rotation of the movable contact about the axis of the translation aforesaid, this pair generating the aforementioned shear forces.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, ces moyens de guidage angulaire comprennent une lumière prévue dans l'élément de guidage, ladite lumière s'étendant suivant une direction inclinée en formant un angle par rapport à la direction du mouvement de translation précité, ladite lumière coopérant avec une tige appartenant au contact mobile de telle manière que lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture de l'appareil en présence d'une microsoudure, un effort s'exerce entre le porte-contacts et la lumière de guidage au point de contact entre la tige et la lumière de guidage, cet effort engendrant un couple sur l'élément de guidage entraînant la rotation du contact mobile, ce couple étant transmis à la microsoudure .According to a particular characteristic, these angular guide means comprise a slot provided in the guide element, said light extending in a direction inclined at an angle with respect to the direction of said translation movement, said light cooperating with a rod belonging to the moving contact in such a way that during an opening operation of the apparatus in the presence of a microsolder, a force is exerted between the contact holder and the guide light at the point of contact between the rod and the guiding light, this force generating a torque on the guide member causing the rotation of the movable contact, this torque being transmitted to the microsolder.

Selon une autre caractéristique, cet appareil comporte, associé à chaque contact mobile, un ressort apte à rappeler ledit contact mobile en position d'ouverture.According to another characteristic, this apparatus comprises, associated with each movable contact, a spring adapted to return said movable contact in the open position.

Selon une autre caractéristique, l'angle précité est compris entre 0 et 90°.According to another characteristic, the aforementioned angle is between 0 and 90 °.

Selon une autre caractéristique, chaque lumière comporte une première partie s'étendant suivant une direction longitudinale inclinée selon l'angle précité, suivie d'une seconde partie s'étendant suivant une direction sensiblement parallèle à la direction du mouvement de translation précitée , la première partie étant située du côté des contacts fixes tandis que la seconde partie est située du côté opposé, la première partie étant destinée à coopérer avec la tige lors d'une manoeuvre d'ouverture en présence d'une microsoudure, la seconde étant destinée à coopérer avec la tige lors d'une manoeuvre de fermeture.According to another characteristic, each light comprises a first portion extending in a longitudinal direction inclined at the aforementioned angle, followed by a second portion extending in one direction. substantially parallel to the direction of the aforesaid translational movement, the first part being located on the side of the fixed contacts while the second part is located on the opposite side, the first part being intended to cooperate with the rod during an opening maneuver in the presence of a microsolder, the second being intended to cooperate with the rod during a closing maneuver.

Selon une autre caractéristique, cet appareil est un disjoncteur ou un contacteur.According to another characteristic, this device is a circuit breaker or a contactor.

Selon une autre caractéristique, les contacts sont les contacts de puissance ou les contacts auxiliaires de l'appareil.According to another characteristic, the contacts are the power contacts or the auxiliary contacts of the device.

Mais d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :

  • Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent respectivement une vue en perspective et une vue de côté d'une partie d'un contacteur électromagnétique, selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention, en position ouverte des contacts,
  • Les figures 3 et 4 sont des vues identiques aux figures précédentes, le contacteur étant en position fermée, et
  • Les figures 5, 5a,5b et 6 sont respectivement une vue de côté, deux vues schématiques, et une vue de côté illustrant respectivement le contacteur en position intermédiaire d'ouverture, l'un des contacts étant soudé pour la figure 5, le point de contact entre un contact fixe et un contact mobile pour la figure 5a, les efforts exercés sur le contact fixe pour la figure 5b, et un contacteur en position ouverte pour la figure 6.
But other advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent in the detailed description which follows and refers to the accompanying drawings given solely by way of example and in which:
  • The figures 1 and 2 respectively illustrate a perspective view and a side view of a portion of an electromagnetic contactor, according to a particular embodiment of the invention, in the open position of the contacts,
  • The figures 3 and 4 are views identical to the preceding figures, the contactor being in the closed position, and
  • The figures 5 , 5a , 5b and 6 are respectively a side view, two schematic views, and a side view respectively illustrating the switch in the intermediate open position, one of the contacts being welded for the figure 5 , the point of contact between a fixed contact and a moving contact for the figure 5a , the forces exerted on the fixed contact for the figure 5b , and a switch in the open position for the figure 6 .

Sur les figures 1 et 2, on voit une partie d'un contacteur électrique C comportant par phase, et logés dans une chambre dite de puissance 11 solidaire du châssis de l'appareil, un actionneur mécanique 1 destiné à commander le déplacement d'un porte-contacts mobiles 2, ce porte-contacts 2 portant deux supports 3,12 de respectivement deux contacts mobiles 6,15 respectivement amont et aval reliés l'un à l'autre électriquement par une tresse électrique 10, ces deux supports 3,12 de contacts étant aptes à se déplacer en même temps selon une direction sensiblement perpendiculaire à un plan contenant les deux contacts fixes 7,18 ces contacts fixes étant destinés à coopérer avec ces deux contacts mobiles 6,15.On the figures 1 and 2 , we see a portion of an electrical contactor C comprising per phase, and housed in a so-called power chamber 11 secured to the chassis of the apparatus, a mechanical actuator 1 intended to control the displacement of a movable contact carrier 2, this contact carrier 2 carrying two supports 3,12 of respectively two movable contacts 6,15 respectively upstream and downstream connected one to the other electrically by an electric braid 10, these two support 3,12 contacts being able to move at the same time in a direction substantially perpendicular to a plane containing the two fixed contacts 7,18 these fixed contacts being intended to cooperate with these two movable contacts 6,15.

Ces deux supports 3,12 sont montés coulissants respectivement dans deux éléments de guidage 5,14 de forme sensiblement tubulaire solidaires de l'actionneur 1.These two supports 3, 12 are slidably mounted respectively in two substantially tubular guide elements 5, 14 integral with the actuator 1.

A chacun des supports 3,12 de contact mobile 6,15 est associé un ressort 4,13 destiné à rappeler le contact mobile 6,5 en position d'ouverture, chaque ressort étant interposé entre ledit support et l'élément de guidage correspondant.Each of the supports 3, 12 of the movable contact 6, 15 is associated with a spring 4, 13 intended to return the movable contact 6, 5 to the open position, each spring being interposed between said support and the corresponding guide element.

Ce contacteur C comporte également deux supports 8,16 de deux contacts fixes 7,18 respectivement amont et aval, lesdits supports portant respectivement un contact fixe amont 7 et un contact fixe aval 18, lesdits contacts fixes amont 7 et aval 18 étant situés respectivement en regard des contacts mobiles amont 6 et aval 15 précités, ces deux contacts fixes étant reliés électriquement respectivement à une ligne de puissance amont 9 et à une ligne de puissance aval 17.This contactor C also comprises two supports 8, 16 of two fixed contacts 7.18, respectively upstream and downstream, said supports carrying respectively an upstream fixed contact 7 and a downstream fixed contact 18, said upstream and downstream fixed contacts 7 being respectively located respectively. These two fixed contacts are respectively electrically connected to an upstream power line 9 and to a downstream power line 17 respectively.

Selon l'invention, ce contacteur C comporte des moyens pour transformer, lors de l'ouverture des contacts mobiles 6,15 en présence d'une microsoudure entre l'un des contacts fixes et le contact mobile correspondant, le mouvement de translation des contacts mobiles 6,15 en un mouvement de translation et rotation de ce contact mobile de manière à exercer sur une microsoudure éventuelle m (fig.5a) formée entre le contact mobile et le contact fixe correspondant une contrainte de cisaillement c (fig.5b) apte à favoriser la casse de la microsoudure m.According to the invention, this contactor C comprises means for transforming, when opening the movable contacts 6, 15 in the presence of a microsocket between one of the fixed contacts and the corresponding mobile contact, the translational movement of the contacts. 6,15 mobile in a translational movement and rotation of this movable contact so as to exert on a possible microsolding m ( 5A ) formed between the movable contact and the fixed contact corresponding to a shear stress c ( 5B ) capable of promoting the breakage of microsolding m.

Selon la réalisation particulière illustrée sur les figures, ces moyens comprennent deux tiges 20,21 solidaires respectivement des deux contacts mobiles 6,15, lesdites tiges 20,21 s'étendant sensiblement perpendiculairement à l'axe des parties tubulaires précitées 5,14, cet axe étant sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de translation t des supports 3,12 des contacts mobiles dans ces éléments de guidage 5,14. Ces deux tiges 20,21 sont destinées à coopérer respectivement avec deux lumières 22,23 prévues respectivement dans les deux éléments de guidage 5,14. Avantageusement, tel qu'illustré sur les figures, ces lumières 22,23 comportent une première partie 22a s'étendant suivant une direction (d) formant un angle α par rapport à l'axe des portions tubulaires 5,14, suivie d'une seconde partie 22b s'étendant suivant un axe parallèle à l'axe de la partie tubulaire correspondante, cette seconde partie étant située du côté opposé aux contacts fixes 7,18.According to the particular embodiment illustrated in the figures, these means comprise two rods 20,21 secured respectively to the two movable contacts 6,15, said rods 20,21 extending substantially perpendicularly to the axis of the aforementioned tubular parts 5,14, this axis being substantially parallel to the translation axis t of the supports 3,12 of the movable contacts in these guide elements 5,14. These two rods 20,21 are intended to cooperate respectively with two slots 22,23 respectively provided in the two guide elements 5,14. Advantageously, as illustrated in the figures, these slots 22, 23 comprise a first part 22a extending in a direction (d) forming an angle α with respect to the axis of the tubular portions 5, 14, followed by a second portion 22b extending along an axis parallel to the axis of the corresponding tubular portion, this second portion being located on the opposite side to the fixed contacts 7,18.

Le fonctionnement d'un contacteur C selon l'invention va être décrit dans ce qui suit en référence aux figures 3 à 6.The operation of a contactor C according to the invention will be described in the following with reference to the Figures 3 to 6 .

Sur les figures 1 et 2, l'appareil est en position ouverte, les contacts mobiles ayant été rappelés en position ouverte par respectivement les deux ressorts. Dans cette position, les deux tiges 20,21 se trouvent respectivement à l'extrémité des deux secondes parties 22b, 23b de lumières 22,23.On the figures 1 and 2 , the device is in the open position, the movable contacts having been recalled in open position by respectively the two springs. In this position, the two rods 20,21 are respectively at the end of the two second portions 22b, 23b of lights 22,23.

Lors de la manoeuvre de fermeture de l'appareil, le mouvement de l'actionneur 1 en direction des contacts fixes 8,16 entraîne le déplacement en translation des éléments de guidage 5,14, lesquels entrainent les supports de contacts mobiles et les contacts mobiles 6,14 par l'intermédiaire des tiges 20,21 coopérant avec le bord libre des secondes parties 22b,23 de lumières 22,23 jusqu'à la mise en contact des contacts mobiles avec respectivement les contacts fixes.During the closing operation of the device, the movement of the actuator 1 towards the fixed contacts 8, 16 causes the translational movement of the guide elements 5, 14, which cause the movable contact supports and the movable contacts. 6,14 through the rods 20,21 cooperating with the free edge of the second portions 22b, 23 of lights 22,23 until the contacting of the movable contacts with the fixed contacts respectively.

Sur les figures 3 et 4, le contacteur C est en position fermée, permettant le passage du courant entre la ligne de puissance amont 9 et la ligne de puissance aval 17.On the figures 3 and 4 , the contactor C is in the closed position, allowing the passage of the current between the upstream power line 9 and the downstream power line 17.

Sur la figure 5, un ordre d'ouverture des contacts de puissance a été donné à l'actionneur, ce qui a entraîné l'ouverture de seulement l'un 15 des contacts mobiles 6,15, situé à droite sur la figure 5, compte tenu de la présence d'une micro soudure entre l'autre 6 des contacts mobiles 6,15 et le contact fixe correspondant 7. Cette position correspond à une position de début de casse de la microsoudure m.On the figure 5 , an order of opening of the power contacts was given to the actuator, which resulted in the opening of only one of the movable contacts 6, 15, located to the right on the figure 5 , taking into account the presence of a micro solder between the other 6 of the movable contacts 6,15 and the corresponding fixed contact 7. This position corresponds to a start of breakage position of the microsolder m.

Lors de cette manoeuvre d'ouverture, l'actionneur 1 a entraîné les deux éléments de guidage 5,14 vers le haut.During this opening operation, the actuator 1 has driven the two guide elements 5,14 upwards.

Lors de cette commande de l'actionneur 1 et donc de ce mouvement du porte-contacts 2, le contact mobile 15 situé à droite sur les figures 5 et 6 pour lequel il n'existe pas de microsoudure, a été rappelé vers le haut par le ressort correspondant 13, en même temps que l'élément de guidage correspondant 14 se déplaçait vers le haut. Ainsi, en position d'ouverture, la tige 21 associée à ce contact mobile se trouve à l'extrémité de la seconde partie de lumière 23b.During this control of the actuator 1 and therefore of this movement of the contact carrier 2, the movable contact 15 located on the right on the figures 5 and 6 for which there is no microsolding, was raised upwards by the corresponding spring 13, at the same time that the corresponding guide member 14 was moving upwards. Thus, in the open position, the rod 21 associated with this movable contact is at the end of the second light portion 23b.

L'autre contact mobile 6 par contre, est relié au contact fixe correspondant par une microsoudure empêchant ce contact mobile d'être déplacé vers le haut en même temps que l'élément de guidage 5 correspondant.The other movable contact 6 on the other hand, is connected to the corresponding fixed contact by a microsolder preventing this movable contact to be moved upwardly at the same time as the corresponding guide element 5.

Lors de ce déplacement vers le haut de cet élément de guidage 5, la tige 20 de ce contact mobile 6 se déplace dans la première partie 22a de la lumière correspondante 22, ce qui engendre un mouvement de rotation du contact mobile dans le sens antihoraire vu de dessous sur la figure 5. cette rotation ayant eu pour effet également de générer une contrainte de cisaillement c dans le plan y,z (fig.3 et fig.5) à l'interface entre le contact mobile 6 et le contact fixe 7 correspondant, de manière à rompre la microsoudure précitée. Ainsi, lorsque l'actionneur 1 est actionné suivant la direction x, les pièces 2,5 sont entraînées suivant la direction x. Le ressort 4 se comprime et dans le même temps, un effort s'exerce entre le porte-contact mobile 2 et le guide angulaire amont 5 au point A.During this upward displacement of this guide element 5, the rod 20 of this movable contact 6 moves in the first part 22a of the corresponding slot 22, which causes a rotational movement of the movable contact in the counterclockwise direction from below on the figure 5 . this rotation has also had the effect of generating a shear stress c in the plane y, z ( fig.3 and fig.5 ) at the interface between the movable contact 6 and the corresponding fixed contact 7, so as to break the aforementioned microsolder. Thus, when the actuator 1 is actuated in the x direction, the parts 2.5 are driven in the x direction. The spring 4 is compressed and at the same time, a force is exerted between the movable contact carrier 2 and the upstream angular guide 5 at point A.

Le fait d'exercer cet effort engendre un couple sur cette pièce. Ce couple est directement transmis à la micro soudure m. Les contraintes exercées sur la microsoudure sont principalement des contraintes de cisaillement et un peu de contraintes de traction. Ces contraintes vont entraîner la rupture de la micro soudure et repositionner le mécanisme en position ouverte. La valeur de l'effort pour rompre cette microsoudure peut être réglée par le réglage de la valeur de l'angle a. Ainsi, l'effort de traction disponible est transformé en effort de cisaillement.The fact of exerting this effort generates a couple on this piece. This torque is directly transmitted to the micro welding m. The stresses exerted on the micro-welding are mainly shear stresses and a few tensile stresses. These constraints will cause the breaking of the micro-welding and reposition the mechanism in the open position. The value of the effort to break this microsolding can be adjusted by adjusting the value of the angle a. Thus, the available traction force is transformed into shear force.

La poursuite de ce mouvement d'ouverture de l'actionneur 1 permet de réaliser l'ouverture du contacteur C par séparation du contact mobile 6 du contact fixe 7.Continuing this opening movement of the actuator 1 makes it possible to open the contactor C by separating the movable contact 6 from the fixed contact 7.

Ainsi, le but de l'invention est de rompre les microsoudures m afin d'augmenter la durée de vie des contacts en utilisant un principe assez simple, lequel repose sur une réalité mécanique laquelle est la suivante. Aujourd'hui, pour un même matériau, le module d'élasticité longitudinale est plus élevé qu'un coefficient d'élasticité transversale.Thus, the object of the invention is to break the microsoudures m to increase the lifetime of the contacts using a fairly simple principle, which is based on a mechanical reality which is the following. Today, for the same material, the longitudinal modulus of elasticity is higher than a transverse coefficient of elasticity.

Aujourd'hui, les contraintes exercées sur la microsoudure sont des contraintes de traction utilisant le module d'élasticité longitudinale.Today, the stresses exerted on the micro-welding are tensile stresses using the longitudinal modulus of elasticity.

Sur les contacts électriques, il arrive que les contacts soient très légèrement soudés alors que ces mêmes contacts ne sont pas usés en leur totalité.On the electrical contacts, it happens that the contacts are very slightly soldered while these contacts are not used in their entirety.

Le fait d'être soudés rend le fonctionnement du produit impossible et son remplacement est obligatoire, ce qui nécessite des arrêts pour maintenance. De ce fait, nous n'utilisons pas totalement la matière des contacts électriques et nous jetons de la matière noble.The fact of being welded makes the operation of the product impossible and its replacement is obligatory, which requires stops for maintenance. As a result, we do not completely use the material of the electrical contacts and we throw noble material.

L'un des buts de l'invention est d'utiliser les efforts présents lors de l'ouverture des contacts sans les augmenter.One of the aims of the invention is to use the forces present during the opening of the contacts without increasing them.

Ainsi, selon l'invention, l'on transforme l'effort de traction disponible en effort de cisaillement afin de passer d'un module d'élasticité longitudinale à un coefficient d'élasticité transversale.Thus, according to the invention, the available traction force is converted into shear force in order to change from a longitudinal elastic modulus to a transverse elasticity coefficient.

En effet, le fait d'utiliser les efforts disponibles permet de ne pas changer la conception globale du produit.Indeed, the fact of using the available efforts makes it possible not to change the overall design of the product.

Ainsi, l'élément moteur permettant l'ouverture des contacts (bobines ou autres) conservera les mêmes caractéristiques.Thus, the motor element allowing the opening of the contacts (coils or others) will retain the same characteristics.

Etant donné que les microsoudures peuvent apparaître avant l'usure totale ou partielle des pastilles, le gain du à la limitation des arrêts de production est considérable.Since the microswings can appear before the total or partial wear of the pellets, the gain due to the limitation of the stops of production is considerable.

Il est aisé de mettre en oeuvre l'invention sur des produits existants sans faire de reconception complète, de manière à augmenter et optimiser la durée de vie des contacts électriques.It is easy to implement the invention on existing products without making a complete redesign, so as to increase and optimize the life of the electrical contacts.

L'invention est applicable à tout appareil de coupure électrique tel un contacteur, un disjoncteur,... comportant des contacts électriques à pastilles simples, à double coupure ou autres systèmes de coupure électrique.The invention is applicable to any electrical switch device such as a contactor, a circuit breaker, ... having electrical contacts simple pellet, double cut or other electrical cutoff systems.

Contrairement aux dispositifs de l'art antérieur, l'invention permet d'exercer des efforts pratiquement exclusivement en cisaillement sur la microsoudure, ce qui permet de rompre des microsoudures ayant des efforts résistants deux fois plus élevés.Unlike the devices of the prior art, the invention makes it possible to exert efforts almost exclusively in shear on the microsolder, which makes it possible to break microsoldings having twice the resistant forces.

Claims (8)

  1. Electric switching apparatus including, for each phase, an "upstream" fixed contact (7) and a "downstream" fixed contact (18), said fixed contacts being respectively supported by an upstream fixed contact support (8) and a downstream fixed contact support (16) and being electrically connected to an upstream power line (9) and to a downstream power line (17) respectively, said fixed contacts being intended to cooperate respectively with two respective upstream (6) and downstream (15) mobile contacts, each of said mobile contacts being supported by a contact support (3, 12), said contact supports being designed to be moved simultaneously in translation by a contact carrier (2), controlled by an actuator (1), between a first position, described as the contact opening position, in which the mobile contacts are separated from the respective fixed contacts, and a position described as the closing position, in which the mobile contacts are in contact with the respective fixed contacts, thereby establishing the electrical connection between the two power lines,
    characterized in that it comprises means M for transforming, during an apparatus opening operation in the presence of a microweld between one of the mobile contacts and the associated fixed contact, the movement in translation of the contact support (3, 12) associated with the mobile contact into a combined movement in translation and rotation of the mobile contact (6, 15) so as to exert, at the points of contact between the mobile contact (6, 15) and the fixed contact (7, 18), a shear force (c) which is capable of breaking the above-mentioned microweld (m).
  2. Switching apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the above-mentioned contact supports (3, 12) are each mounted in a sliding arrangement in a guide component (5, 14) which is integral with the above-mentioned contact carrier (2), said guide component incorporating means for the angular guiding (20 to 23) of a rod (20, 21) which is integral with the mobile contact associated with the support, said mobile contact (6, 15) being integral in translation with its associated contact support (3, 12) such that, during an operation for the opening of the apparatus, a torque is transmitted to the microweld m by the rotation of the mobile contact around the axis of the above-mentioned translation, wherein said torque generates the above-mentioned shear forces c.
  3. Switching apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that these angular guiding means (20 to 23) incorporate a slot (22, 23) which is provided in the guide component (5, 14), said slot (22, 23) extending in an inclined direction (d) and forming an angle α in relation to the direction of the above-mentioned movement in translation (t), said slot (22, 23) cooperating with a rod (20, 21) which is associated with the mobile contact such that, during an operation for the opening of the apparatus in the presence of a microweld, a force is applied between the contact carrier (2) and the guide slot (22, 23) at the point of contact between the rod (20, 21) and the guide slot (22, 23), said force generating a torque on the guide component (5, 14) which results in the rotation of the mobile contact, said torque being transmitted to the microweld m.
  4. Switching apparatus according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises, in association with each mobile contact (6, 15), a spring (4, 13) which is designed to return said mobile contact to the opening position.
  5. Switching apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the above-mentioned angle α is between 0 and 90°.
  6. Switching apparatus according to Claim 3 or 5, characterized in that each slot (22, 23) comprises a first part (22a, 23a) extending in a longitudinal direction which is inclined in accordance with the above-mentioned angle α, followed by a second part (22b, 23b) extending in a direction (t) which is substantially parallel to the above-mentioned direction of movement in translation, the first part being situated on the side of the fixed contacts (7, 18), whereas the second part (22b, 23b) is situated on the opposite side, the first part being designed to cooperate with the rod (20, 21) during an opening operation in the presence of a microweld (m), and the second being designed to cooperate with the rod during a closing operation.
  7. Switching apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the apparatus is a circuit breaker or a contactor.
  8. Switching apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the contacts are power contacts or auxiliary contacts on the apparatus.
EP16187521.6A 2015-12-17 2016-09-07 Electric switching apparatus Active EP3182431B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1562649A FR3045928B1 (en) 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 ELECTRIC CUTTING APPARATUS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3182431A1 EP3182431A1 (en) 2017-06-21
EP3182431B1 true EP3182431B1 (en) 2019-06-19

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16187521.6A Active EP3182431B1 (en) 2015-12-17 2016-09-07 Electric switching apparatus

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Country Link
US (1) US9911548B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3182431B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3045928B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3115924B1 (en) * 2020-11-03 2023-05-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Movable contact carrier for circuit breaker and circuit breaker comprising such a movable contact carrier

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2228096C3 (en) * 1972-06-09 1975-05-15 Schiele Verwaltungsgesellschaft Mbh, 7746 Hornberg Electrical, mechanically operated snap switch
JPS61151932A (en) 1984-12-25 1986-07-10 三菱電機株式会社 Contact unit for circuit switch
FR2608832B1 (en) 1986-12-19 1994-06-17 Crouzet Sa ELECTRICAL SWITCHING DEVICE
US5343174A (en) 1993-06-07 1994-08-30 Eaton Corporation Electrical circuit interrupting device with means to break welded contacts
US6400242B1 (en) * 2000-10-10 2002-06-04 Carling Technologies, Inc. High current auxiliary switch for a circuit breaker
FR3011673B1 (en) * 2013-10-08 2015-12-11 Schneider Electric Ind Sas SWITCHING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETECTING A FAULT IN SUCH A SWITCHING DEVICE

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3045928A1 (en) 2017-06-23
US20170178826A1 (en) 2017-06-22
FR3045928B1 (en) 2017-12-22
US9911548B2 (en) 2018-03-06
EP3182431A1 (en) 2017-06-21

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