EP3177776B1 - Bodenanker - Google Patents

Bodenanker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3177776B1
EP3177776B1 EP15753913.1A EP15753913A EP3177776B1 EP 3177776 B1 EP3177776 B1 EP 3177776B1 EP 15753913 A EP15753913 A EP 15753913A EP 3177776 B1 EP3177776 B1 EP 3177776B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rod
end portion
anchoring device
anchoring
ground
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP15753913.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3177776A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Meline
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrielle de Produits Mecaniques Ancr'est Ste
Original Assignee
Industrielle de Produits Mecaniques Ancr'est Ste
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Industrielle de Produits Mecaniques Ancr'est Ste filed Critical Industrielle de Produits Mecaniques Ancr'est Ste
Publication of EP3177776A1 publication Critical patent/EP3177776A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3177776B1 publication Critical patent/EP3177776B1/de
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • E02D5/80—Ground anchors
    • E02D5/801—Ground anchors driven by screwing

Definitions

  • the present invention also relates to a removable structure comprising such an anchoring device.
  • hollow rods with self-drilling cutting To dig hard floors, for example, soils with monolithic layers, it is known to use hollow rods with self-drilling cutting.
  • the hollow stem is driven into the soil by means of its self-drilling cutting edge.
  • the anchoring device left in the ground can cause problems of pollution or soil degradation. Consequently, when the structure to be temporarily installed is placed over sensitive grounds, for example in protected areas, other anchoring means are used, such as concrete blocks placed on the ground and which can be removed. when the structure is moved.
  • anchoring means do not offer a significant anchoring force, are bulky and not very manipulable.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to overcome these disadvantages by providing an anchoring device in the ground in which the removal of the rod of the device is possible.
  • the invention relates to an anchoring device of the aforementioned type, characterized in that it comprises a peelable film, fixed on an external part of the rod, said film being able to detach from said external part under the effect of friction between the stem and its environment.
  • the removal of the rod comprises a unscrewing operation.
  • the terms “lower” and “upper” are defined relative to the direction of penetration of the anchoring device into the ground, i.e. the elements designated as lower extend to a depth larger than the elements designated as being higher.
  • the term “external” is defined by what is turned outward, that is to say turned towards the ground when the anchoring device is fixed in the ground, and the term “internal” is defined by this which is turned towards the inside of the anchoring device, that is to say towards the axis A of the anchoring device.
  • the anchoring device 1 in a soil comprises at least one rod 2, a cutter 4 and a peelable film 6 fixed on an outer part 8 of the rod 2.
  • Such an anchoring device 1 is intended to be fixed in a soil 10.
  • the soil 10 comprises at least one hard layer 12.
  • the hard layer 12 is, for example, a layer of rock of magmatic or sedimentary origin for example, formed of granite, hardened limestones or concretes and more generally of monolithic or consolidated materials.
  • the soil 10 further comprises a layer formed of a loose material, for example, sediments, sand, chippings and more generally unconsolidated materials, this layer extending over the hard layer 12.
  • a loose material for example, sediments, sand, chippings and more generally unconsolidated materials
  • the hard layer 12 has an upper surface 14.
  • the upper surface 14 of the hard layer 12 is substantially flat and horizontal.
  • the upper surface 14 of the hard layer 12 has irregularities.
  • the anchoring device is intended to be positioned in a cavity 15 drilled in the hard layer 12.
  • the cavity is intended to be filled with sealing material.
  • the diameter of the cavity 15 is substantially equal to the diameter of the cutter.
  • the depth of the cavity 15 depends on the ground in which the anchoring device 1 is intended to be fixed.
  • the rod 2 comprises at least one metal section formed in one piece.
  • the rod 2 is formed of several sections assembled to each other, for example by welding or other.
  • the rod 2 extends along the axis A.
  • the axis A is vertical when the anchoring device 1 is installed in the ground 10.
  • the length of the rod measured along the axis A depends on the ground in which the device Anchor 1 is intended to be fixed.
  • the diameter of the rod measured on a section perpendicular to the axis A depends on the ground in which the anchoring device 1 is intended to be fixed and the anchoring force required for the structure to be anchored.
  • the rod 2 comprises a first end portion 16, or lower end portion with respect to the direction of penetration of the rod 2 into the ground 10, and a second end portion 18, opposite the first end portion 16, said upper end portion relative to in the direction of penetration of the rod 2 into the ground 10.
  • the rod 2 has a thread 19 on its outer portion 8.
  • the thread 19 is intended to allow the attachment of the cutter 4 on the first outer portion 16 of the rod.
  • the thread extends substantially over the entire length of the rod 2.
  • the thread 19 extends over the first end portion 16 of the rod and the remainder of the rod has a smooth surface.
  • the rod comprises a helix 20 on the outer part 8.
  • the disks of the propeller 20 extend radially outwardly from the outer wall of the rod 2.
  • the propeller 20 extends along the axis A, for example over the entire length of the rod 2.
  • the number of disks of the propeller 20 as well as their diameter depends on the ground in which the anchoring device is intended to be fixed and the anchoring force required for the structure to be anchored.
  • the disks of the helix have the same diameter.
  • the diameter of the helix 20, that is to say the diameter of the disk of the largest helix, is smaller than the diameter of the cutter 4.
  • the angle of the slope of the propeller 20 is less than an angle of autodirection slope under traction force.
  • the propeller 20 is, for example, made of reinforced steel and the discs are, for example, welded to the rod 2. In a variant, the propeller is in one piece with the rod 2.
  • the rod 2 comprises a continuous helix 20 outside the cutter 4 and a thread 19 in the first end portion of the rod 2 receiving the cutter 4.
  • the pitch of the thread 19 is equal to the pitch of the helix 20.
  • the stem 2 is hollow.
  • the rod 2 defines an injection channel 22 opening into the first end portion 16 and the second end portion 18.
  • the outer surface of the stem comprises orifices and the injection channel 22 opens into the outer surface of the the rod 2 by said orifices.
  • the diameter of the injection channel 22 depends on the ground in which the anchoring device 1 is intended to be fixed and the nature of the sealing material 24 provided.
  • the first end portion 16 is intended to cooperate with the cutter 4.
  • the first end portion 16 of the rod 2 is intended to be engaged in the cutter 4 in a reversible manner.
  • the second end portion 18 is intended to cooperate with, for example, a roto-striker to allow the depression of the rod in the ground.
  • the second end portion 18 is also intended to cooperate with an injection device.
  • the injection device is capable of allowing injection of the sealing material 24 into the injection channel 22.
  • the second end portion 18 is intended to cooperate with a withdrawal device 25 shown figure 5 .
  • the second end portion 18 is further intended to receive attachment means, not shown, of a structure or building to anchor in the ground.
  • the second end portion 18 has a shutter 26.
  • Part of the shutter 26 has a first diameter greater than the diameter of the cutter.
  • the shutter 26 is, for example, of frustoconical shape.
  • the diameter of the shutter 26 decreases progressively along the axis A. This shape makes it possible to ensure a seal between the cavity 15 and the atmosphere present above the upper surface 14.
  • the shutter 26 is intended to rest in the cavity 15 and on the upper surface 14 of the hard layer 12.
  • the shutter 26 is, for example, provided with at least one vent 28 placing the cavity 15, in fluid communication with the atmosphere when the device 1 is put in place in the cavity 15.
  • the cutter 4 is intended to be disposed at a first end bet 16 of the rod 2.
  • the cutter 4 is integral with the rod 2 during the introduction of the device 1.
  • the connection of the rod 2 to the cutter 4 is for example a connection by screwing or by conical fitting or others.
  • the cutter 4 comprises a thread 29 adapted to the thread 19 of the rod 2.
  • the rod 2 is screwed into the cutter 4.
  • the threads 19 and 29 are adapted to prevent the self-unscrewing of the rod 2 under effort traction.
  • the cutter 4 comprises a drilling portion 30 and a connecting ring 32 in which the rod 2 fits.
  • the cutter 4 is connected to the first end portion 16 of the rod 2 by conical fitting.
  • the thread 29 of the cutter is disposed in the drilling portion 30 of the cutter 4. Where appropriate, the thread 29 of the cutter is disposed on the connecting ring 32.
  • the diameter of the cutter 4 is greater than the diameter of the helix 20.
  • the drilling portion 30 is, for example, a self-drilling tip which has the rigidity characteristics necessary to be able to drill in a rock layer
  • the drilling portion of the cutter 4 comprises, for example, at least one channel 34 placing the internal volume of the rod 2 in fluid communication with the outside of the cutter 4.
  • the self-drilling cutter 4 is known per se and is, for example, a hardened steel or carbide button cutter or any other cutting suitable for drilling in a rocky layer.
  • the connecting ring 32 is fixed permanently, for example, by welding, on the drilling portion 30 of the cutting edge.
  • the connecting ring 32 is received, for example, by plugging into the drilling portion 30 of the cutter 4.
  • the connecting ring 32 comprises an inner wall of a diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the rod 2 and an outer wall, at least a portion of which has a diameter substantially equal to the internal diameter of the boring portion 30.
  • the connecting ring 32 is reversibly fixed to the lower end of the rod 2.
  • the liasion ring is integral with the forcing portion 30.
  • the peelable film 6 covers an outer portion 8 of the rod 2.
  • the peelable film 6 covers at least the helix 20.
  • the peelable film 6 is advantageously made of a self-consolidating synthetic resin.
  • the film 6 is made of cellulose.
  • the thickness of the peelable film 6 is adapted to the diameter of the rod 2.
  • the thickness of the peelable film is between 0.5 mm and 5 mm.
  • the film 6 is able to detach from the outer portion 8 of the rod 2, under the effect of friction between the rod and its environment.
  • the peelable film 6 is able to be detached from the rod 2 under the effect of a friction force.
  • the film 6 is applied to the stem, for example by dipping the rod in a bath of material intended to form the film, this material hardening on the rod.
  • the film is applied by spraying or painting or otherwise.
  • the film 6 extends at least over the entire portion of the rod 2 intended to extend into the ground.
  • the soil 10 intended to receive the anchoring device comprises at least one hard layer 12. It is however understood that the soil 10 may comprise several layers of variable hardness and / or not necessarily homogeneous.
  • the development and installation of the anchoring device 1 begins with a soil analysis 10 in which the anchoring device must be fixed.
  • This analysis may be carried out by any appropriate means, such as coring or excavation, physical probing, by means of a pressuremeter or penetrometer, by electronic sounding using a multi-beam bathymetric sounder and by coring for the hard layer for example.
  • the length of the rod 2 is determined to extend through the hard layer 10 over a drilling depth determined by calculation as a function of the soil analysis.
  • the rod 2 is provided to emerge from the ground 10 over a predetermined length.
  • the diameter of the cutter 4 is also determined to form a cavity 15 in the hard layer 12 around the rod 4.
  • the diameter and the depth of the cavity 15 are chosen as a function of the coefficients of friction between the rock of the lower layer and the sealing material 24 which fills the cavity to provide a sealing force that is appropriate for the nature of the soil 10 and of the structure to be anchored in the ground 10.
  • the pitch and dimensions of the helix 20 are also determined.
  • the increase in the number of helical disks 20 makes it possible to increase the anchoring force of the anchoring device 1.
  • the diameter of the disks of the propeller 20 is chosen so as to prevent the stress recovery torques from being too great in function of the ground breaking pressure limit to the right of each disk.
  • the diameter of the discs is not necessarily constant.
  • the anchoring device as previously described is provided after and according to the soil analysis.
  • the rod 2 and the cutter 4 are integral during the introduction of the device 2.
  • the Fig. 2 represents the device during a drilling step.
  • the Fig. 3 represents the device following the drilling step, when the device is put in place in the cavity 15.
  • a cavity 15 is hollowed out by means of the device 1 by rotation and percussion, the cutter 4 drilling a cavity up to the drilling depth determined by calculations as previously described.
  • the rod 2 is put in place by screwing, for example, using a roto-striker.
  • the cutter 4 forms a cavity 15 of diameter substantially equal to that of the cutter 4 around the rod 2, which has a smaller diameter than that of the cutter 4.
  • the film 6 is not in contact with the rock during the introduction of the rod 2. Thus, it remains disposed on the outer surface of the rod 2.
  • the anchor is in place.
  • the shutter 26 is abutted against the edge of the cavity 15 at the upper surface 14 of the ground, as shown in FIG. Fig 3 .
  • the Fig. 4 represents the anchoring device following a sealing material injection step 24.
  • a sealing material 24 is injected into the rod by its second end portion 18.
  • a sealing material 24 is, for example, cement or resin.
  • the sealing material 24 flows into the injection channel 22 of the rod 2 to its first end portion 16 and is injected into the cavity 15 through the channel 34 provided in the cutter 4, or, where appropriate, through holes provided in the rod 2.
  • the sealing material 24 can not escape above the upper surface 14.
  • the hardening of the sealing material 24 makes it possible to seal the anchoring device 1 in the ground 10.
  • the anchoring device 1 is thus perfectly fixed in the ground 10 and positioned optimally.
  • the peelable film 6 in addition makes it possible to absorb the expansion of the sealing material 24.
  • a step of removing the rod 2 from the device is illustrated on the figure 5 . Such a withdrawal occurs when the structure to be anchored is removed.
  • the withdrawal device 25 makes it possible to grasp the second end portion 18 of the rod 2 and to pull it along the axis A in the opposite direction to the direction of penetration into the ground. In addition, the withdrawal device 25 makes it possible to rotate the rod 2 about the axis A.
  • the extraction of the rod is performed by traction only.
  • the step of removing the rod from the rod 2 comprises a unscrewing operation.
  • the film 6 then facilitates the sliding of the rod 2 against the sealing material 24.
  • the outer portion 8 of the rod 2 slides against the film 6 detached.
  • the first end portion 16 of the rod 2 separates from the cutter 4.
  • the cutter 4 remains in the cavity 15.
  • the anchoring device according to the invention is a self-drilling anchor anchoring in rock surfaces, suitable for temporary anchoring, structures or equipment of any kind.
  • the anchoring device 1 described above is particularly advantageous when it is used to fix removable structures.
  • the force of sealing the device in the ground depends on the device.
  • the force supported by the sealed device is equal to the resistant force of the free surface of the cutter if the rod 2 is screwed to the cutter 4.
  • the force supported by the sealed device is proportional to the resistant force of the continuous surface of the thread 19 if the rod 2 is simply fitted into the cutting edge.
  • the force supported by the sealed device is equal to the sum of the resistant forces of the continuous surface of the thread 19 and the free surface of the cutter 4.
  • the force supported by the sealed device is proportional to the resistant force of the continuous surface of the rod 10 and the propeller 20, if the rod is simply fitted into the cutting edge.
  • the force supported by the sealed device is equal to the sum of the resistant forces of the continuous surface of the rod 2 and the propeller 20 and the free surface
  • This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it allows a more effective sealing force.
  • the device described above does not require the realization of a pilot hole, that is to say a hole made before the arrangement of the rod in the soil with a different tool anchor device .
  • the hole is made by cutting at the same time as the depression of the rod in the ground.
  • a removable structure comprising a platform supported by such anchoring devices 1, is maintained in the soil 10 robustly.
  • the anchoring force of the anchoring device 1 results from the addition of the sealing forces of the rod 2 in the hard layer 12 of soil 10 by means of the sealing material 24 and the lift forces due to to the propeller 20.
  • the peelable film 6 ensures a voluntary withdrawal of the rod 2 of the anchoring device 1, while limiting the risk of inadvertent loosening of the anchoring device 1.
  • the sealing of the structure is temporary because it is possible to remove the rod 2 from the rock.
  • the platform is reusable on a different anchor site.
  • the rod 2 is solid and the sealing material 24 is injected into the cavity 15 around the rod 2.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) in einem Boden (10), zumindest aufweisend
    - einen Schaft (2),
    - ein Schneideteil (4), das an einem ersten Endabschnitt des Schafts (16) befestigt ist,
    wobei die Vorrichtung (1) dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass sie aufweist einen abziehbaren Film (6), der an einem Außenabschnitt (8) des Schafts (2) befestigt ist, wobei der Film (6) imstande ist sich von dem besagten Außenabschnitt (8) zu lösen unter der Wirkung einer Reibung zwischen dem Schaft (2) und dessen Umgebung.
  2. Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei der Schaft (2) eine Wendel (20) auf dem Außenabschnitt (8) aufweist, wobei der abziehbare Film (6) zumindest die Wendel (20) bedeckt.
  3. Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Schaft (2) ein Gewinde (19) hat und der Schaft in das Schneideteil (4) geschraubt ist.
  4. Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) gemäß den Ansprüchen 2 und 3, wobei die Teilung des Gewindes (19) gleich der Teilung der Wendel (20) ist.
  5. Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) gemäß irgendeinem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, wobei der Schaft (2) in reversibler Weise in das Schneideteil (4) eingeführt ist.
  6. Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Schaft (2) einen zweiten Endabschnitt (18) aufweist, wobei der zweite Endabschnitt (18) zu dem ersten Endabschnitt (16) entgegengesetzt ist, und wobei der Schaft (2) hohl ist und einen Einspritzkanal (22) definiert, der an dem ersten Endabschnitt (16) und an dem zweiten Endabschnitt (18) ausmündet.
  7. Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) gemäß irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Schaft (2) einen zweiten Endabschnitt (18) aufweist, wobei der zweite Endabschnitt (18) zu dem ersten Endabschnitt (16) entgegengesetzt ist, und wobei der zweite Endabschnitt (18) ein Verschlussteil (26) hat, wobei ein Abschnitt des Verschlussteils einen ersten Durchmesser hat, der größer ist als der Durchmesser des Schneideteils (4).
  8. Lösbare Struktur, aufweisend:
    - wenigstens eine Vorrichtung (1) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche,
    - eine Plattform, die von der oder den Vorrichtungen (1) gestützt ist.
  9. Verfahren zum lösbaren Verankern in einem Boden (10), aufweisend die folgenden Schritte:
    - Bereitstellen einer Vorrichtung (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7,
    - Bohren einer Kavität (15) in den Boden (10) mittels des Schneideteils (4),
    - Platzieren der Vorrichtung zum Verankern (1) in der Kavität (15),
    - Einspritzen und Aushärten eines Gießmaterials (24), um die Eingießung der Vorrichtung zum Verankern (1) im Boden (10) sicherzustellen, und
    - Wegnehmen des Schafts (2) bei Lösung des abziehbaren Films (6) .
  10. Verfahren zum Verankern gemäß Anspruch 9, verwendend eine Vorrichtung zur Verankerung (1) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, wobei das Wegnehmen des Schafts (2) einen Abschraube-Vorgang aufweist.
EP15753913.1A 2014-08-04 2015-08-04 Bodenanker Active EP3177776B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1457585A FR3024481B1 (fr) 2014-08-04 2014-08-04 Dispositif d'ancrage, structure amovible et procede d'ancrage associe
PCT/EP2015/067989 WO2016020401A1 (fr) 2014-08-04 2015-08-04 Dispositif d'ancrage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3177776A1 EP3177776A1 (de) 2017-06-14
EP3177776B1 true EP3177776B1 (de) 2018-06-27

Family

ID=51570737

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP15753913.1A Active EP3177776B1 (de) 2014-08-04 2015-08-04 Bodenanker

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3177776B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2688832T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3024481B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2016020401A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2414032B (en) * 2004-05-11 2008-12-10 Shire Structures Ltd Improvements in or relating to piles

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2688832T3 (es) 2018-11-07
FR3024481B1 (fr) 2016-08-26
FR3024481A1 (fr) 2016-02-05
WO2016020401A1 (fr) 2016-02-11
EP3177776A1 (de) 2017-06-14

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