EP3172626B1 - Pivot with blade - Google Patents

Pivot with blade Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3172626B1
EP3172626B1 EP15744502.4A EP15744502A EP3172626B1 EP 3172626 B1 EP3172626 B1 EP 3172626B1 EP 15744502 A EP15744502 A EP 15744502A EP 3172626 B1 EP3172626 B1 EP 3172626B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pivot
blade
axis
blades
parts
Prior art date
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Application number
EP15744502.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3172626A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Renaud
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Besse Francois
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Besse Francois
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/02—Oscillators acting by gravity, e.g. pendulum swinging in a plane
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/02—Shock-damping bearings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B31/00—Bearings; Point suspensions or counter-point suspensions; Pivot bearings; Single parts therefor
    • G04B31/06—Manufacture or mounting processes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/04—Mounting the clockwork in the case; Shock absorbing mountings
    • G04B37/0409—Fixed mounting relating to wall clocks and pendulums
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B37/00—Cases
    • G04B37/04—Mounting the clockwork in the case; Shock absorbing mountings
    • G04B37/0409—Fixed mounting relating to wall clocks and pendulums
    • G04B37/0418—Fixed mounting relating to wall clocks and pendulums with shock damping means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to a pivot of the blade pivot type.
  • the pendulum is integral with a prism, one edge of which is placed in a groove formed in a support fixed to the frame.
  • pivots have a low resistance to pivoting and contribute, for example, to improving the quality factor of this type of resonator.
  • Pivots of this type are disclosed, for example, in documents FR751784A , GB2307315A , GB2204159A , DE9765C And DE276247C .
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a bladed pivot for a timepiece which can be used regardless of the orientation of the axis of the pivot.
  • the invention relates to a timepiece pivot as defined in appended independent claim 1.
  • Preferred embodiments are defined in dependent claims 2 to 12, including embodiments in the form of a resonator and an oscillator.
  • a first part 1 is pivotally mounted on a second part 2.
  • the first part 1 comprises three blades 3 comprising a wire which corresponds to the cutting part of the blade 3.
  • Each blade 3 is associated with a blade plane 10 located in the median plane of the blade 3 and passing through the edge of the blade and whose profile appears on the picture 3 .
  • the three strips 3 are arranged in the same plane, the wires of the strips being aligned, the two outer strips 3 being oriented in the same direction and the central strip 3 in the opposite direction.
  • the second part 2 comprises three support zones constituted by grooves 4 in the form of a dihedral, mounted on three arms that the part 2 comprises. pivot axis between the first 1 and second 2 pieces.
  • the arrangement in opposition of the blades 3 and the grooves 4 makes the first part 1 integral in translation with the second part 2 according to the directions contained in the plane orthogonal to the axis of the pivot and in particular in the direction contained in the plane of the blade 10 blades 3.
  • the first 1 and second 2 pieces are also integral in rotation in all directions perpendicular to the axis of the pivot.
  • Limitation spikes 6 secured to one of the first 1 and second 2 parts and bearing on the other of the first 1 and second 2 part at the level of the pivot axis make it possible to limit the displacement in translation according to the axis of the pivot between the first 1 and second 2 pieces.
  • the contact of the points 6 with the other part being made at the level of the pivot axis it offers a minimum resistance to the pivoting of the first 1 and second 2 parts.
  • Anti-shock devices comprising deformable blades 9 make it possible to limit the stresses applicable to the points 6 in order to protect them in the event of an impact.
  • the limiting spikes 6 are integrated into the outer blades 3 and located at their outer end and are capable of coming to rest against two stones carried by the deformable blades 9.
  • the first part 1 can thus pivot, according to a limited angular amplitude, with respect to the second part 2 around the pivot axis and this, whatever the orientation of the pivot axis with respect to the horizontal.
  • the first part can thus be a pendulum, to which an elastic return member can be coupled at the level of the center of pivoting of the first part 1.
  • figures 2a and 2b a hairspring, but another type of elastic member can be envisaged.
  • the figure 8 represents a pendulum pivoted by a leaf pivot according to the invention, in which the elastic return member is a wire spring 20, advantageously corrugated, one end of which is intended to be fixed on a fixed element, integral with part 2 , such as a balance bridge for example, and whose second end is fixed in an offset manner with respect to the axis of the pivot, on the first part 1.
  • the second end is fixed to the periphery of the part 1, preferably on the balance wheel rim.
  • the spring-wire comprises a heel 22 at each of its ends, allowing attachment by any means, such as screws for example.
  • the wire spring passes through the axis of the pivot of part 1, which, in the case where part 1 is cylindrical or circular, implies that the wire is substantially positioned on a diameter of part 1.
  • such an arrangement of the spring member allows rotation of part 1 perfectly positioned on the axis of the pivot, although there is no connection of the elastic member with part 1, on this axis.
  • the grooves 4 as shown in the figures are dihedrals. They could also have other shapes, with a cylindrical surface extending in the direction of the axis of the pivot and making it possible to position the blade coming to rest in the groove in directions perpendicular to the axis of the pivot.
  • the shape of the contact area depends on the relative value of the radii of the edge of the blade and the bottom of the groove. If the radius of the bottom of the groove is greater than that of the wire, the contact is made on a single line and the blade 3 is only positioned in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the pivot contained in the blade plane 10.
  • the contact is made along two parallel lines and the blade 3 is also positioned transversely in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pivot and to the blade plane 10. If the rays of the bottom of the groove 4 and the edge of the blade are equal, as in the case represented at the picture 3 , the blade 3 is, as in the previous case, positioned in the directions orthogonal to the axis of the pivot. During pivoting, the blade 3 slides in the bottom of the groove 4. It may possibly roll in the event that the contact occurs on a single line. In the event of rolling, the relative movement of the first 1 and second 2 pieces is assimilated to a rotation due to the very small radius of the edge of the blade.
  • the wires of the blades and the bottoms of the dihedral-shaped grooves have cylindrical shapes of revolution of substantially the same radius and are arranged so that the axes of revolution of the wires of the blades coincide.
  • the bottom radii of the grooves could also be smaller than the edge radii of the blades.
  • the axis of revolution common to the wires of the blades is the axis of the pivot.
  • the radius of the edge of the blades can be greatly reduced compared to the radius of a traditional bearing pin, so that the resisting torque due to the friction of the blades 3 in the grooves 4 is also greatly reduced. reduced.
  • the axes of revolution of the wires of the blades in opposition may not be exactly coincident or may shift slightly during pivoting, because at least one blade 3 rolls on its support zone. In these configurations, pivoting remains possible with permanent contact of the slats 3 on the support zones thanks to a slight elastic deformation of at least one slat 3 or of an arm carrying the slats 3 or the support zones.
  • the slats 3 can be distributed in several distinct planes, in particular the slats 3 can be arranged regularly in three planes forming between them angles of 120°.
  • the support zones can be planes perpendicular to the blade planes 10 in their equilibrium position.
  • the central blade 3 in opposition to the two outer blades 3 can be reduced to a point or conversely the two outer blades 3 can be reduced to points.
  • the first 1 and second 2 parts are secured in translation along the direction orthogonal to the axis of the pivot contained in the plane of the blade with the aid of a return member force exerting a restoring force, in this direction and maintaining blade 3 against the support zone.
  • the restoring force passes through the axis of the pivot so as not to disturb the pivoting.
  • the restoring force can be obtained by the deformation of an elastic element, one end of which is, for example, fixed at the level of the axis of the pivot.
  • it could also be obtained by a magnet exerting a force of attraction or magnetic repulsion in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the pivot contained in the plane of the blade.
  • a magnet can be mounted integral with one of the first 1 or second 2 parts facing a ferromagnetic element in the form of an arc of a circle centered on the axis of the pivot and integral with the other room, so that the air gap remains constant.
  • the support zone is a groove 4 whose bottom has a radius less than or equal to that of the edge of the blade
  • the restoring force holds the blade 3 in the groove 4 and it is no longer necessary to provide several blades 3 in opposition as in the embodiments of the figure 1 , to secure in translation the first 1 and the second 2 part in the directions perpendicular to the axis of the pivot. It is possible to make a pivot having only one blade 3 and only one groove 4 as in the examples shown in figures 5 to 7 in which the return forces pass through the axis of the pivot only in the position of equilibrium represented for a reason which will appear later.
  • two blades 3 facing each other and carried by the first part 1 bear in two grooves 4 integral with the second part 2, defining two separate and parallel pivot axes.
  • the slats are mounted on elastically deformable arms 5 which comprise the first part 1 and which tend to bring the slats 3 closer to each other by exerting opposing restoring forces, perpendicular to the axes of the pivots and contained in the plane of the blades. These restoring forces keep the blades 3 supported in the bottom of the grooves 4.
  • the arms 5 deform elastically during the relative movement of the first 1 and second 2 parts around the two axes of rotations, tending to bring the two parts back in their position of equilibrium represented in the figure 4 .
  • This device forms a resonator in which the first part 1 is a pendulum and the arms 5 store energy in elastic form and restore it in kinetic form during oscillations.
  • THE figures 5, 6 And 7 present other configurations of a pivot and/or of a resonator according to the invention.
  • the first 1 and second 2 pieces comprise a blade and a groove defining a pivot connection and are connected by one or more elastic return members 7.
  • Said elastic return members 7 have the dual function of keeping the blade 3 supported in the bottom of the groove 4, as explained previously, and of storing and restoring energy respectively in elastic and kinetic form. For this reason, the restoring force does not pass through the axis of the pivot when the first 1 and second 2 parts are not in the position of equilibrium represented and exerts a restoring torque tending to bring them back to their position of balance.
  • the return member may consist of one or more magnets working in attraction or in repulsion.
  • the low resistance to pivoting of a blade pivot according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a high quality factor for a resonator comprising such a pivot.
  • a balance wheel whose rim is made from or with an alloy comprising a dense material, in order to increase the chronometric qualities of the resonator, without increasing its size.
  • the balance wheel, or at least its rim or part of its rim may be made from the following materials or their alloys: gold, platinum, osmium or any other very high density material (higher to 15, preferably greater than 19).
  • an oscillator incorporating a resonator according to the invention the supply of which can be done, for example, with a pulse mechanism of the "lost shot” type in which the pulse period is a multiple of the oscillation period and thus disturbs the isochronism to a minimum.
  • the balance wheel is formed by the second part 2 in the mode of the figure 5 and by the first piece 1 in those of the figure 6 And 7 .
  • a balance wheel as mentioned above comprising a serge made from one of the above materials with a density greater than 15, preferably greater than 19, is very advantageous to use.
  • it can be used with any escapement, in particular of the Swiss lever type.
  • each blade 3 can be either on the first 1 or on the second 2 part or even distributed between the two.
  • one of the first 1 or second 2 parts may be secured to an element of the frame of the timepiece.
  • All of the components described, namely in particular the first and second parts, the blades, the grooves, the arms and the elastic members can be made in several elements or monolithically.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'horlogerie. Elle concerne, plus particulièrement, un pivot de type pivot à lame.The present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to a pivot of the blade pivot type.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Il est connu de réaliser des pivots de type suspension à lame pour des horloges à pendule. Le pendule est solidaire d'un prisme dont une arrête est placée dans une rainure ménagée dans un support fixé au bâti.It is known to produce blade suspension type pivots for pendulum clocks. The pendulum is integral with a prism, one edge of which is placed in a groove formed in a support fixed to the frame.

Ces pivots présentent une faible résistance au pivotement et contribuent, par exemple, à améliorer le facteur qualité de ce type de résonateur.These pivots have a low resistance to pivoting and contribute, for example, to improving the quality factor of this type of resonator.

Des pivots de ce type sont divulgués, par exemple, dans les documents FR751784A , GB2307315A , GB2204159A , DE9765C et DE276247C .Pivots of this type are disclosed, for example, in documents FR751784A , GB2307315A , GB2204159A , DE9765C And DE276247C .

Cependant, ces pivots ne sont pas utilisables dans une pièce d'horlogerie portable telle une montre car le prisme est simplement posé dans la rainure et ne resterait pas en place si l'axe du pivot n'était plus horizontal.However, these pivots cannot be used in a portable timepiece such as a watch because the prism is simply placed in the groove and would not remain in place if the axis of the pivot were no longer horizontal.

La présente invention a pour but de proposer un pivot à lame pour un garde-temps qui puisse être utilisé quelle que soit l'orientation de l'axe du pivot.The object of the present invention is to propose a bladed pivot for a timepiece which can be used regardless of the orientation of the axis of the pivot.

Divulguation de l'inventionDisclosure of invention

De façon plus précise, l'invention concerne un pivot de garde-temps tel que défini dans la revendication indépendante 1 annexée. Des réalisations préférées sont définies dans les revendications dépendantes 2 à 12, y compris des réalisations sous la forme d'un résonateur et d'un oscillateur.More specifically, the invention relates to a timepiece pivot as defined in appended independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments are defined in dependent claims 2 to 12, including embodiments in the form of a resonator and an oscillator.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres détails de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit, faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'un pivot selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 2a et 2b représentent une vue de dessus et une vue de côté en coupe d'un pivot selon l'invention,
  • la figure 3 représente une vue de détail d'un pivot selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 4 à 8 représentent des pivots et des résonateurs selon l'invention.
Other details of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the following description, made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • there figure 1 shows a perspective view of a pivot according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • THE figures 2a and 2b represent a top view and a side view in section of a pivot according to the invention,
  • there picture 3 shows a detail view of a pivot according to one embodiment of the invention,
  • THE figures 4 to 8 represent pivots and resonators according to the invention.

Les plans des figures 2a et 3 à 6 sont perpendiculaires à l'axe du pivot.The plans of figure 2a And 3 To 6 are perpendicular to the pivot axis.

Mode de réalisation de l'inventionEmbodiment of the invention

Selon un premier mode de réalisation d'un pivot à lame de garde-temps selon l'invention représenté aux figures 1, 2a et 2b, une première pièce 1 est montée de façon pivotante sur une deuxième pièce 2. La première pièce 1 comporte trois lames 3 comportant un fil qui correspond à la partie tranchante de la lame 3. A chaque lame 3 est associé un plan de lame 10 situé dans le plan médian de la lame 3 et passant par le fil de la lame et dont le profil apparait sur la figure 3. Les trois lames 3 sont disposées dans un même plan, les fils des lames étant alignés, les deux lames 3 extérieures étant orientées dans une même direction et la lame 3 centrale dans la direction opposée.According to a first embodiment of a timepiece blade pivot according to the invention shown in figure 1 , 2a and 2b , a first part 1 is pivotally mounted on a second part 2. The first part 1 comprises three blades 3 comprising a wire which corresponds to the cutting part of the blade 3. Each blade 3 is associated with a blade plane 10 located in the median plane of the blade 3 and passing through the edge of the blade and whose profile appears on the picture 3 . The three strips 3 are arranged in the same plane, the wires of the strips being aligned, the two outer strips 3 being oriented in the same direction and the central strip 3 in the opposite direction.

La deuxième pièce 2 comporte trois zones d'appui constituées par des rainures 4 en forme de dièdre, montées sur trois bras que comporte la pièce 2. Les fils des lames viennent en appui dans le fond des rainures 4 qui sont alignés et définissent l'axe du pivot entre les première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces. La disposition en opposition des lames 3 et des rainures 4 solidarise en translation la première pièce 1 avec la deuxième pièce 2 selon les directions contenues dans le plan orthogonal à l'axe du pivot et en particulier dans la direction contenue dans le plan de lame 10 des lames 3. Les première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces sont également solidaires en rotation selon toutes les directions perpendiculaire à l'axe du pivot.The second part 2 comprises three support zones constituted by grooves 4 in the form of a dihedral, mounted on three arms that the part 2 comprises. pivot axis between the first 1 and second 2 pieces. The arrangement in opposition of the blades 3 and the grooves 4 makes the first part 1 integral in translation with the second part 2 according to the directions contained in the plane orthogonal to the axis of the pivot and in particular in the direction contained in the plane of the blade 10 blades 3. The first 1 and second 2 pieces are also integral in rotation in all directions perpendicular to the axis of the pivot.

Des pointes de limitation 6 solidaires de l'une des première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces et venant en appui sur l'autre des première 1 et deuxième 2 pièce au niveau de l'axe de pivot, permettent de limiter le déplacement en translation selon l'axe du pivot entre les première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces. Le contact des pointes 6 avec l'autre pièce se faisant au niveau de l'axe de pivot, il offre une résistance minimum au pivotement des première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces.Limitation spikes 6 secured to one of the first 1 and second 2 parts and bearing on the other of the first 1 and second 2 part at the level of the pivot axis, make it possible to limit the displacement in translation according to the axis of the pivot between the first 1 and second 2 pieces. The contact of the points 6 with the other part being made at the level of the pivot axis, it offers a minimum resistance to the pivoting of the first 1 and second 2 parts.

Des dispositifs antichocs comportant des lames déformables 9 permettent de limiter les contraintes applicables sur les pointes 6 afin de les protéger en cas de choc. Selon le mode de réalisation présenté sur la figure 2b, les pointes de limitation 6 sont intégrées aux lames 3 extérieures et situées à leur extrémité externe et sont susceptibles de venir en appui contre deux pierres portées par les lames déformables 9.Anti-shock devices comprising deformable blades 9 make it possible to limit the stresses applicable to the points 6 in order to protect them in the event of an impact. According to the embodiment presented on the figure 2b , the limiting spikes 6 are integrated into the outer blades 3 and located at their outer end and are capable of coming to rest against two stones carried by the deformable blades 9.

La première pièce 1 peut ainsi pivoter, selon une amplitude angulaire limitée, par rapport à la deuxième pièce 2 autour de l'axe de pivot et ce, quelle que soit l'orientation de l'axe de pivot par rapport à l'horizontale.The first part 1 can thus pivot, according to a limited angular amplitude, with respect to the second part 2 around the pivot axis and this, whatever the orientation of the pivot axis with respect to the horizontal.

La première pièce peut ainsi être un balancier, auquel on peut accoupler un organe de rappel élastique au niveau du centre de pivotement de la première pièce 1. On a représenté sur les figures 2a et 2b un spiral, mais un autre type d'organe élastique peut être envisagé.The first part can thus be a pendulum, to which an elastic return member can be coupled at the level of the center of pivoting of the first part 1. figures 2a and 2b a hairspring, but another type of elastic member can be envisaged.

Ainsi, par exemple, la figure 8 représente un balancier pivoté par un pivot à lame selon l'invention, dans lequel l'organe de rappel élastique est un ressort-fil 20, avantageusement ondulé, dont une extrémité est destinée à être fixée sur un élément fixe, solidaire de la pièce 2, comme un pont de balancier par exemple, et dont la deuxième extrémité est fixée de manière décalée par rapport à l'axe du pivot, sur la première pièce 1. Préférablement, la deuxième extrémité est fixée à la périphérie de la pièce 1, préférablement sur la jante du balancier. Pour sa fixation, le ressort-fil comprend un talon 22 à chacune de ses extrémités, permettant une solidarisation par un moyen quelconque, comme des vis par exemple.So, for example, the figure 8 represents a pendulum pivoted by a leaf pivot according to the invention, in which the elastic return member is a wire spring 20, advantageously corrugated, one end of which is intended to be fixed on a fixed element, integral with part 2 , such as a balance bridge for example, and whose second end is fixed in an offset manner with respect to the axis of the pivot, on the first part 1. Preferably, the second end is fixed to the periphery of the part 1, preferably on the balance wheel rim. For its attachment, the spring-wire comprises a heel 22 at each of its ends, allowing attachment by any means, such as screws for example.

Le ressort-fil passe par l'axe du pivot de la pièce 1, ce qui, dans le cas où la pièce 1 est cylindrique ou circulaire, implique que le fil est substantiellement positionné sur un diamètre de la pièce 1. De manière avantageuse, on a remarqué qu'un tel agencement de l'organe ressort permet une rotation de la pièce 1 parfaitement positionnée sur l'axe du pivot, bien qu'il n'y ait pas de liaison de l'organe élastique avec la pièce 1, sur cet axe.The wire spring passes through the axis of the pivot of part 1, which, in the case where part 1 is cylindrical or circular, implies that the wire is substantially positioned on a diameter of part 1. Advantageously, it has been noted that such an arrangement of the spring member allows rotation of part 1 perfectly positioned on the axis of the pivot, although there is no connection of the elastic member with part 1, on this axis.

Les rainures 4 telles qu'elles sont représentées sur les figures, sont des dièdres. Elles pourraient également présenter d'autres formes, de surface cylindrique s'étendant dans la direction de l'axe du pivot et permettant de positionner la lame venant en appui dans la rainure selon des directions perpendiculaires à l'axe du pivot. La forme de la zone de contact dépend de la valeur relative des rayons du fil de la lame et du fond de la rainure. Si le rayon du fond de la rainure est supérieur à celui du fil, le contact se fait sur une seule ligne et la lame 3 est uniquement positionnée selon la direction perpendiculaire à l'axe du pivot contenue dans le plan de lame 10. Si le rayon du fond de la rainure 4 est inférieur à celui du fil, le contact se fait selon deux lignes parallèles et la lame 3 est également positionnée transversalement selon une direction perpendiculaire à l'axe du pivot et au plan de lame 10. Si les rayons du fond de la rainure 4 et du fil de la lame sont égaux, comme dans le cas représenté à la figure 3, la lame 3 est, comme dans le cas précédent, positionnée selon les directions orthogonales à l'axe du pivot. Lors du pivotement, la lame 3 glisse dans le fond de la rainure 4. Elle peut éventuellement rouler dans le cas où le contact intervient sur une seule ligne. En cas de roulement, le mouvement relatif des première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces est assimilé à une rotation du fait du très faible rayon du fil de la lame.The grooves 4 as shown in the figures are dihedrals. They could also have other shapes, with a cylindrical surface extending in the direction of the axis of the pivot and making it possible to position the blade coming to rest in the groove in directions perpendicular to the axis of the pivot. The shape of the contact area depends on the relative value of the radii of the edge of the blade and the bottom of the groove. If the radius of the bottom of the groove is greater than that of the wire, the contact is made on a single line and the blade 3 is only positioned in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the pivot contained in the blade plane 10. If the radius of the bottom of the groove 4 is less than that of the wire, the contact is made along two parallel lines and the blade 3 is also positioned transversely in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pivot and to the blade plane 10. If the rays of the bottom of the groove 4 and the edge of the blade are equal, as in the case represented at the picture 3 , the blade 3 is, as in the previous case, positioned in the directions orthogonal to the axis of the pivot. During pivoting, the blade 3 slides in the bottom of the groove 4. It may possibly roll in the event that the contact occurs on a single line. In the event of rolling, the relative movement of the first 1 and second 2 pieces is assimilated to a rotation due to the very small radius of the edge of the blade.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier présenté à la figure 3, les fils des lames et les fonds des rainures en forme de dièdre ont des formes cylindriques de révolution sensiblement de même rayon et sont disposés de manière à ce que les axes de révolution des fils des lames sont confondus. Les rayons du fond des rainures pourraient également être inférieurs aux rayons du fil des lames. L'axe de révolution commun aux fils des lames est l'axe du pivot. Lors du pivotement de la première pièce 1 en référence à la deuxième pièce 2, les fils des lames 3 glissent dans le fond des rainures 4 de la même façon qu'un axe cylindrique traditionnel glisse dans son palier. Cependant, dans le cas de la présente invention, le rayon du fil des lames peut être fortement réduit comparativement au rayon d'un axe de palier traditionnel, si bien que le couple résistant dû aux frottements des lames 3 dans les rainures 4 est également fortement réduit. Dans d'autres variantes du mode de réalisation de la figure 1, les axes de révolution des fils des lames en opposition peuvent ne pas être exactement confondus ou bien se décalent légèrement lors du pivotement, car au moins une lame 3 roule sur sa zone d'appui. Dans ces configurations, le pivotement reste possible avec un contact permanent des lames 3 sur les zones d'appui grâce à une légère déformation élastique d'au moins une lame 3 ou d'un bras portant les lames 3 ou les zones d'appui.According to a particular embodiment presented at picture 3 , the wires of the blades and the bottoms of the dihedral-shaped grooves have cylindrical shapes of revolution of substantially the same radius and are arranged so that the axes of revolution of the wires of the blades coincide. The bottom radii of the grooves could also be smaller than the edge radii of the blades. The axis of revolution common to the wires of the blades is the axis of the pivot. During the pivoting of the first part 1 with reference to the second part 2, the wires of the blades 3 slide in the bottom of the grooves 4 in the same way as a traditional cylindrical shaft slides in its bearing. However, in the case of the present invention, the radius of the edge of the blades can be greatly reduced compared to the radius of a traditional bearing pin, so that the resisting torque due to the friction of the blades 3 in the grooves 4 is also greatly reduced. reduced. In other variants of the embodiment of the figure 1 , the axes of revolution of the wires of the blades in opposition may not be exactly coincident or may shift slightly during pivoting, because at least one blade 3 rolls on its support zone. In these configurations, pivoting remains possible with permanent contact of the slats 3 on the support zones thanks to a slight elastic deformation of at least one slat 3 or of an arm carrying the slats 3 or the support zones.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation non représenté, les lames 3 peuvent être réparties dans plusieurs plans distincts, en particulier les lames 3 peuvent être disposées régulièrement selon trois plans formant entre eux des angles de 120°. Dans ce cas, les zones d'appui peuvent être des plans perpendiculaires aux plans de lame 10 dans leur position d'équilibre.According to another embodiment not shown, the slats 3 can be distributed in several distinct planes, in particular the slats 3 can be arranged regularly in three planes forming between them angles of 120°. In this case, the support zones can be planes perpendicular to the blade planes 10 in their equilibrium position.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, la lame 3 centrale en opposition aux deux lames 3 extérieures peut être réduite à une pointe ou inversement les deux lames 3 extérieures peuvent être réduites à des pointes.According to another embodiment, the central blade 3 in opposition to the two outer blades 3 can be reduced to a point or conversely the two outer blades 3 can be reduced to points.

Selon l'invention telle que revendiquée, les première 1 et deuxièmes 2 pièces sont solidarisées en translation selon la direction orthogonale à l'axe du pivot contenue dans le plan de la lame à l'aide d'une force de organe de rappel exerçant une force de rappel, dans cette direction et maintenant la lame 3 contre la zone d'appui. La force de rappel passe par l'axe du pivot afin de ne pas perturber le pivotement.According to the invention as claimed, the first 1 and second 2 parts are secured in translation along the direction orthogonal to the axis of the pivot contained in the plane of the blade with the aid of a return member force exerting a restoring force, in this direction and maintaining blade 3 against the support zone. The restoring force passes through the axis of the pivot so as not to disturb the pivoting.

La force de rappel peut être obtenue par la déformation d'un élément élastique dont une extrémité est, par exemple, fixée au niveau de l'axe du pivot. Dans une variante non revendiquée, elle pourrait également être obtenue par un aimant exerçant une force d'attraction ou de répulsion magnétique selon la direction perpendiculaire à l'axe du pivot contenu dans le plan de la lame. Pour cela un aimant pourra être monté solidaire de l'une des première 1 ou deuxième 2 pièces en vis-à-vis d'un élément ferromagnétique en forme d'arc de cercle centré sur l'axe du pivot et solidaire de l'autre pièce, de manière à ce que l'entrefer reste constant.The restoring force can be obtained by the deformation of an elastic element, one end of which is, for example, fixed at the level of the axis of the pivot. In an unclaimed variant, it could also be obtained by a magnet exerting a force of attraction or magnetic repulsion in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the pivot contained in the plane of the blade. For this, a magnet can be mounted integral with one of the first 1 or second 2 parts facing a ferromagnetic element in the form of an arc of a circle centered on the axis of the pivot and integral with the other room, so that the air gap remains constant.

Dans le cas où la zone d'appui est une rainure 4 dont le fond a un rayon inférieur ou égal à celui du fil de la lame, la force de rappel maintient la lame 3 dans la rainure 4 et il n'est plus nécessaire de prévoir plusieurs lames 3 en opposition comme dans les modes de réalisation de la figure 1, pour solidariser en translation la première 1 et la deuxième 2 pièce selon les directions perpendiculaires à l'axe du pivot. Il est possible de réaliser un pivot ne comportant qu'une seule lame 3 et qu'une seule rainure 4 comme dans les exemples représentés aux figures 5 à 7 dans lesquels, les efforts de rappel passent par l'axe du pivot uniquement dans la position d'équilibre représentée pour une raison qui apparaitra par la suite.In the case where the support zone is a groove 4 whose bottom has a radius less than or equal to that of the edge of the blade, the restoring force holds the blade 3 in the groove 4 and it is no longer necessary to provide several blades 3 in opposition as in the embodiments of the figure 1 , to secure in translation the first 1 and the second 2 part in the directions perpendicular to the axis of the pivot. It is possible to make a pivot having only one blade 3 and only one groove 4 as in the examples shown in figures 5 to 7 in which the return forces pass through the axis of the pivot only in the position of equilibrium represented for a reason which will appear later.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 4, deux lames 3 en vis-à-vis et portées par la première pièce 1, viennent en appui dans deux rainures 4 solidaires de la deuxième pièce 2, en définissant deux axes de pivot distincts et parallèles. Les lames sont montées sur des bras 5 déformables élastiquement que comporte la première pièce 1 et qui tendent à rapprocher les lames 3 l'une de l'autre en exerçant des forces de rappel opposées, perpendiculaires aux axes des pivots et contenues dans le plan des lames. Ces forces de rappel maintiennent les lames 3 en appui dans le fond des rainures 4. Par ailleurs, les bras 5 se déforment élastiquement lors du déplacement relatif des première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces autour des deux axes de rotations en tendant à ramener les deux pièces dans leur position d'équilibre représentée à la figure 4. Ce dispositif forme un résonateur dans lequel la première pièce 1 est un balancier et les bras 5 emmagasinent de l'énergie sous forme élastique et la restituent sous forme cinétique lors des oscillations.In another embodiment shown in figure 4 , two blades 3 facing each other and carried by the first part 1, bear in two grooves 4 integral with the second part 2, defining two separate and parallel pivot axes. The slats are mounted on elastically deformable arms 5 which comprise the first part 1 and which tend to bring the slats 3 closer to each other by exerting opposing restoring forces, perpendicular to the axes of the pivots and contained in the plane of the blades. These restoring forces keep the blades 3 supported in the bottom of the grooves 4. Furthermore, the arms 5 deform elastically during the relative movement of the first 1 and second 2 parts around the two axes of rotations, tending to bring the two parts back in their position of equilibrium represented in the figure 4 . This device forms a resonator in which the first part 1 is a pendulum and the arms 5 store energy in elastic form and restore it in kinetic form during oscillations.

Les figures 5, 6 et 7 présentent d'autres configurations d'un pivot et/ou d'un résonateur selon l'invention. Les première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces comportent une lame et une rainure définissant une liaison pivot et sont reliées par un ou plusieurs organes de rappel 7 élastiques. Lesdits organes de rappel 7 élastiques ont la double fonction de maintenir la lame 3 en appui dans le fond de la rainure 4, comme cela a été expliqué précédemment, et de stocker et restituer de l'énergie respectivement sous forme élastique et cinétique. Pour cette raison, la force de rappel ne passe pas par l'axe du pivot quand les première 1 et deuxième 2 pièces ne sont pas dans la position d'équilibre représentée et exerce un couple de rappel tendant à les ramener dans leur position d'équilibre. Dans d'autres modes de réalisation non représentés, l'organe de rappel pourra être constitué par un ou plusieurs aimants travaillant en attraction ou en répulsion.THE figures 5, 6 And 7 present other configurations of a pivot and/or of a resonator according to the invention. The first 1 and second 2 pieces comprise a blade and a groove defining a pivot connection and are connected by one or more elastic return members 7. Said elastic return members 7 have the dual function of keeping the blade 3 supported in the bottom of the groove 4, as explained previously, and of storing and restoring energy respectively in elastic and kinetic form. For this reason, the restoring force does not pass through the axis of the pivot when the first 1 and second 2 parts are not in the position of equilibrium represented and exerts a restoring torque tending to bring them back to their position of balance. In other embodiments not shown, the return member may consist of one or more magnets working in attraction or in repulsion.

La faible résistance au pivotement d'un pivot à lame selon l'invention permet d'obtenir un facteur qualité élevé pour un résonateur comportant un tel pivot. On pourra ainsi utiliser un balancier relativement plus lourd que les balanciers de l'état de la technique, sans effet négatif insurmontable au niveau des frottements aux pivots. Par exemple, on pourra réaliser un balancier dont la serge est réalisée à base de ou avec un alliage comportant un matériau dense, afin d'augmenter les qualités chronométriques du résonateur, sans augmenter sa dimension. Ainsi, le balancier, ou au moins sa serge ou une partie de sa serge, pourra être réalisé à partir des matériaux suivants ou de leurs alliages : l'or, le platine, l'osmium ou tout autre matériau de très forte densité (supérieure à 15, de préférence supérieure à 19).The low resistance to pivoting of a blade pivot according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a high quality factor for a resonator comprising such a pivot. We can thus use a relatively heavier pendulum than state-of-the-art balances, with no insurmountable negative effect in terms of friction at the pivots. For example, it will be possible to make a balance whose rim is made from or with an alloy comprising a dense material, in order to increase the chronometric qualities of the resonator, without increasing its size. Thus, the balance wheel, or at least its rim or part of its rim, may be made from the following materials or their alloys: gold, platinum, osmium or any other very high density material (higher to 15, preferably greater than 19).

Selon un troisième aspect de l'invention, il est possible de réaliser un oscillateur incorporant un résonateur selon l'invention dont l'alimentation peut se faire, par exemple, avec un mécanisme d'impulsion de type "à coup perdu" dans lequel la période d'impulsion est un multiple de la période d'oscillation et qui perturbe ainsi au minimum l'isochronisme.According to a third aspect of the invention, it is possible to produce an oscillator incorporating a resonator according to the invention, the supply of which can be done, for example, with a pulse mechanism of the "lost shot" type in which the pulse period is a multiple of the oscillation period and thus disturbs the isochronism to a minimum.

Le balancier est formé par la deuxième pièce 2 dans le mode de la figure 5 et par la première pièce 1 dans ceux des figures 6 et 7. Particulièrement avec un tel échappement à coup perdu, un balancier tel que mentionné ci-dessus, comportant une serge réalisée à base d'un des matériaux ci-dessus de densité supérieure à 15, de préférence supérieure à 19, est très avantageux à utiliser. Il peut toutefois trouver à être utilisé avec un échappement quelconque, notamment de type à ancre suisse.The balance wheel is formed by the second part 2 in the mode of the figure 5 and by the first piece 1 in those of the figure 6 And 7 . Particularly with such a lost blow escapement, a balance wheel as mentioned above, comprising a serge made from one of the above materials with a density greater than 15, preferably greater than 19, is very advantageous to use. However, it can be used with any escapement, in particular of the Swiss lever type.

Dans l'ensemble des modes de réalisation présentés, il est possible de permuter chaque lame 3 avec la zone d'appui correspondante. Ainsi les lames peuvent se trouver indifféremment sur la première 1 ou sur la deuxième 2 pièce ou bien encore réparties entre les deux.In all of the embodiments presented, it is possible to swap each blade 3 with the corresponding support zone. Thus the blades can be either on the first 1 or on the second 2 part or even distributed between the two.

Indifféremment, l'une des première 1 ou deuxième 2 pièces pourra être solidaire d'un élément du bâti du garde-temps.Regardless, one of the first 1 or second 2 parts may be secured to an element of the frame of the timepiece.

L'ensemble des composants décrits, à savoir notamment, les premières et deuxièmes pièces, les lames, les rainures, les bras et les organes élastiques peuvent être réalisées en plusieurs éléments ou de façon monolithique.All of the components described, namely in particular the first and second parts, the blades, the grooves, the arms and the elastic members can be made in several elements or monolithically.

Claims (12)

  1. Timekeeper pivot comprising a first part (1) and a second part (2) pivotally connected around a pivot axis, the pivot including a blade (3) provided with a thin edge, secured to one of the first (1) or second (2) parts and the median plane of which passing through the thin edge defines a blade plane (10), and a supporting area secured to the other of the first (1) and second (2) parts and against which bears the thin edge of the blade, the contact points of the blade (3) and of the supporting area being substantially located on the axis of the pivot, the supporting area being a groove (4) extending along a direction parallel to the axis of the pivot, characterized in that the pivot includes an elastic return member laid out so as to exert a return force tending to maintain the blade (3) bearing against the bottom of the groove (4) along a direction orthogonal to the axis of the pivot and contained in the blade plane (10).
  2. Pivot according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first (1) and second (2) parts are secured in translation along all the directions orthogonal to the axis of the pivot.
  3. Pivot according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further includes means for limiting the relative displacement of the first (1) and second (2) parts in translation along the pivot axis.
  4. Pivot according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the limitation means include a spike (6) integrated to a blade (3).
  5. Pivot according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a plurality of blades (3) secured to one of the first (1) and second (2) parts and a plurality of supporting areas secured to the other one of the first (1) and second (2) parts and upon which the blades will bear, the contact points of the blades (3) and of the supporting areas being substantially located on the axis of the pivot.
  6. Pivot according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it includes three blades (3) located in a same plane.
  7. Pivot according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the thin edges of the blades are axisymmetrical cylinders and in that the axes of the cylindrical surfaces of the thin edges of the blades coincide and form the axis of the pivot.
  8. Pivot according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a supporting area or a blade (3) is borne by an elastically deformable arm (5) which the first (1) and the second (2) parts includes.
  9. Timekeeper resonator including a pendulum provided with a pivot and a return member (7) for storing and giving back energy tending to bring back the pendulum in its equilibrium position, characterized in that the pivot of the pendulum is a pivot according to one of claims 1 to 8.
  10. Resonator according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the return member (7) exerts a return force tending to maintain the blade bearing against the groove.
  11. Resonator according to claim 9, characterized in that the return member (7) is a wire-spring (20), one end of which is secured to the second part (2) and the second end of which is attached in a shifted way relatively to the axis of the pivot on the first part (1).
  12. Timekeeper oscillator including a resonator according to one of claims 9 and 10 and a lost stroke pulse mechanism.
EP15744502.4A 2014-07-21 2015-07-10 Pivot with blade Active EP3172626B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01103/14A CH709905A2 (en) 2014-07-21 2014-07-21 Pivot blade.
PCT/EP2015/065884 WO2016012281A1 (en) 2014-07-21 2015-07-10 Flexural pivot

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EP3172626B1 true EP3172626B1 (en) 2023-06-14

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EP3570117A1 (en) 2018-05-16 2019-11-20 Dominique Renaud SA Escapement mechanism for timepiece
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EP3667432B1 (en) 2018-12-13 2022-05-11 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Timepiece resonator comprising at least one flexible guide
CH716389A2 (en) 2019-07-04 2021-01-15 Dominique Renaud Sa Watchmaker escapement mobile, escapement mechanism and timepiece.

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CN106537263B (en) 2019-07-23
CN106537263A (en) 2017-03-22
US10254716B2 (en) 2019-04-09
WO2016012281A1 (en) 2016-01-28
JP6557322B2 (en) 2019-08-07
JP2017521672A (en) 2017-08-03
CH709905A2 (en) 2016-01-29
US20170205768A1 (en) 2017-07-20
EP3172626A1 (en) 2017-05-31

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