EP3144200A1 - Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device - Google Patents
Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device Download PDFInfo
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- EP3144200A1 EP3144200A1 EP15185610.1A EP15185610A EP3144200A1 EP 3144200 A1 EP3144200 A1 EP 3144200A1 EP 15185610 A EP15185610 A EP 15185610A EP 3144200 A1 EP3144200 A1 EP 3144200A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- spring
- spring device
- unit
- elements
- spring element
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
- B61F5/14—Side bearings
- B61F5/142—Side bearings made of rubber elements, graphite or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
- B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
- B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
- B61F5/22—Guiding of the vehicle underframes with respect to the bogies
- B61F5/24—Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spring device for absorbing transverse forces between a bogie frame and a car body on a rail vehicle and a rail vehicle comprising such a spring device according to the preamble of the independent claims.
- the car body are mounted on at least one bogie frame and preferably connected to each other via a vertical suspension.
- flexible elements For positioning of bogie and car body to each other therefore flexible elements must be provided, in particular transverse spring systems.
- the transverse spring system is an elementary component of the chassis. Its task is to transfer the lateral forces of the car body at bow trips on the bogie frame; or to limit the transverse travel of the box in the case of crossbars by point deflections and track position errors. This ensures that the vehicle remains within a defined clearance gauge in every load condition.
- the EP 1 527 976 A1 shows, for example, a transverse suspension of a two-part rubber suspension. From the EP 1 610 995 B1 is also a device has become known, which has a transverse suspension. This transverse suspension can be active or passive.
- a disadvantage of the transverse suspension from the known prior art is their complex design and their space requirements. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide these and others Remedy disadvantages of the prior art. This object is achieved by the devices defined in the independent claims. Further embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
- the first spring element comprises and in particular consists at least partially of elastic material and preferably of an elastomer.
- the spring device has a secondary spring unit with at least one second spring element.
- the second spring element consists at least partially of elastic material and preferably of an elastomer.
- the first spring element and the secondary spring unit are connected in series. For bridging and in particular for limiting the spring travel of the secondary spring unit, the spring device has at least one stop element.
- the bridging of the secondary spring unit allows, for example, from a certain spring length or from a certain spring only the spring force of the first spring element acts. This allows a system characteristic which has a kink and can be overall progressively.
- the series connection allows the extension of the spring travel at a short distance in a compact unit.
- the spring device comprises a third spring element.
- the third spring element may be arranged in series with the first spring element and parallel to the secondary spring device.
- a graded spring characteristic can be provided with different slopes depending on the travel.
- the system characteristic is progressively progressive. This means that the more suspension travel, the harder the suspension.
- the third spring element is preferably arranged such that it is spaced in the unloaded state to a counter runner. Thus, the third spring element is only from a certain travel in engagement or engageable.
- the counter scenery may have a wear element.
- the wear element also has an elastic material and thus spring properties.
- the distance between the third spring element and the counter runner is adjustable by different thickness wear elements. This allows an antecedent Setting the second break point. A subsequent adjustment of the spring device is also possible by replacing the Verschleissiatas.
- At least one of the spring elements may be formed as a helical spring, as a plate spring, as a thrust spring or as an elastomeric spring. A combination of different elements is also possible. Thrust springs are springs that are essentially not subjected to tension or compression, but to thrust.
- the corresponding properties can be introduced.
- the spring units may each consist of several spring elements, which are preferably arranged in parallel.
- the present spring device preferably comprises a fastening arrangement for fastening the spring device to a frame and / or to a car body.
- the fastening arrangement may be formed, for example, as a frame, wherein the frame is preferably in one piece.
- the frame may be formed as an open frame and have a U-shape.
- the spring elements are preferably between the thighs of the U arranged. Attachment means such as openings or screws may be provided on the attachment arrangement.
- the first spring element of the spring device and preferably the primary spring unit is mounted on the secondary spring unit of the spring device by means of a bearing.
- the storage is designed as a movable storage.
- a first spring element is resiliently mounted with the secondary spring unit.
- the individual spring constants of the first spring element and the secondary spring unit are superimposed.
- the storage can be performed, for example, as torsion-resistant bracket.
- the storage can be made of one or more interconnected parts.
- the interfaces for fastening the second spring elements can be manufactured as individual elements, which extend in a position according to the invention essentially parallel to the legs of a U-shaped fastening element and are preferably located centrally of the legs.
- the secondary spring unit is formed from four spring elements, these spring elements are preferably designed as thrust springs. Particularly preferably, these four spring elements are arranged in parallel.
- Thrust springs are characterized by a relatively small size and a compact design. This thus also allows a compact design of the spring device.
- the bearing of the first spring element on the secondary spring unit can have a rotation axis.
- the first spring element and the third spring element are arranged movably on the axis of rotation. It is conceivable that the first and the third spring element are arranged on a roller which is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation.
- a simple and easy production is possible. Replacement and maintenance frequency of the spring elements is reduced, and by the arrangement on a rotation axis and therefore by the possibility that the roller can rotate, the wear is reduced. The service life can be increased. Unfavorable or unwanted transverse forces can thus also be avoided or at least reduced.
- the bearing element In a multi-part construction of the bearing element, it may be provided to provide a first and a second interface, which are connected to one another with an axis.
- the first and the third spring element thereby form the primary spring unit and are in particular formed in one piece. Simple production and / or the use of semi-finished or standard parts is possible.
- the stop element for bridging the secondary spring element and for limiting the spring travel of the secondary spring unit is preferably arranged on the bearing element.
- stop elements on the fastener, which are from a certain spring travel with the bearing element in operative connection.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a rail vehicle comprising a spring device as described herein.
- the spring device is firmly connected to the bogie or the car body of the rail vehicle.
- the rail vehicle can be delivered as a complete unit, the spring elements according to the requirements can be adjusted and / or pre-assembled. This allows a comfortable for the passenger suspension, especially when cornering.
- the rail vehicle comprises at least two spring devices, wherein by the first spring device transverse forces are receivable in a first direction and by the second spring device transverse forces in a second, the first direction substantially opposite direction, are accommodated.
- Transverse forces are forces which essentially occur transversely to the direction of travel.
- the rail vehicle can thus form a self-contained system.
- Both the bogie and the car body may comprise at least one spring stop surface to which the spring device can be stopped.
- FIG. 1 shows a series of different states during the compression process and thus a sequence of different operating states of a spring device 1 according to the invention.
- FIG. 1a shows a spring device 1 in the unloaded state.
- the spring device 1 has a first spring element 11, two second spring elements 12 and a third spring element 13.
- the first spring element 11 and the third spring element 13 form the primary spring unit 2.
- the two second spring elements 12 form the secondary spring unit 3.
- the first spring element 11 and the third spring element 13 are arranged on a bearing 21.
- At the storage 21 there are two stop elements 20.
- the stop element 20 is connected via the bearing 21 with the second spring elements 12, which in turn are arranged on the mounting arrangement 30. That is, by means of the bearing 21, the stop element 20 cooperates with the second spring elements 12.
- a counter-backdrop 31 with a Verschleisselement 32 is presently shown integrally with the mounting assembly 30.
- the wear element 32 is arranged directly on the fastening arrangement 30.
- the wear element 31 defines from which point / spring travel the third spring element 13 comes into engagement.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of a spring device according to the invention 1.
- the spring elements 11 and 13 are presently designed as a roller 22 which is fixed with the bearing 21 on four parallel second spring elements 12.
- the roller 22 thus forms the primary spring unit 2 and the four second spring elements 12 form the secondary spring unit 3.
- the roller 22 consists of a roller body and of an elastomer as a bandage, which form the spring elements 11 and 13.
- the second spring elements 12 are arranged so that they act as a thrust spring. They are thus designed as two-part thrust springs, which are also made of an elastomer with sheet metal insert.
- the second spring elements 12 are arranged on the fastening arrangement 30.
- the fastening arrangement 30 is presently designed as a one-piece U-profile. Like from the FIG.
- the mating backdrop 31 is also integrally formed from the mounting assembly 30.
- a stop member 20 extends in the direction of a bottom plate of the mounting assembly 30.
- the storage is carried out in three parts, wherein on both sides of the roller 22 is each a bearing block, which is rotatably supported by means of an axis on which the roller 22, connected to each other.
- At each bracket two spring elements 12 of the secondary spring unit 3 are attached. This results in a substantially symmetrical suspension on the fastener 30 for the roller 22. This is present in one piece.
- FIG. 3 shows a cross section along the axis of rotation of the roller 22 from FIG. 2 ,
- the first spring element 11 and the third spring element 13 is clearly visible.
- a distance a is drawn. This is adjustable, for example, by changing the thickness of the wear element 32.
- a desired system characteristic can be configured in advance.
- a distance b is located. The system characteristic can also be configured in advance via this distance.
- the roll has a diameter of 160mm, with a size range of For example, 50mm to 400mm is conceivable.
- the distance b is presently greater than the distance a. That is, when the bearing 21 moves down, the third spring member 13 first comes into engagement with the counter-cam 31. When the bearing 21 moves further down, the stopper member 20 engages with the mounting assembly 30. Then, the second and the second third spring element 12 and 13 bridged, only the first spring element 11 deforms further.
- the secondary spring unit 3 is formed of four elastomeric springs.
- the primary spring unit 2 with the first and the third spring element 11, 13 also has an elastomer, which form the spring elements 11 and 13.
- the first and the third spring element 11 and 13 are formed as a roller bandage.
- FIG. 4 A qualitative system characteristic of a device is shown in a force-displacement diagram in FIG. 4 shown. Clearly visible are the two kinks at the points at which first the third spring element 13 comes into engagement with the counter slide, P1, and at the point at which the stop element 20 engages with the fastening device, P2.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Federvorrichtung (1) zur Aufnahme von Querkräften zwischen einem Drehgestellrahmen und einem Wagenkasten an einem Schienenfahrzeug. Die Federvorrichtung umfasst eine primäre Federeinheit (2) und eine sekundäre Federeinheit (3). Die Federvorrichtung (1) weist wenigstens ein Anschlagelement (20) zur Überbrückung und insbesondere zur Begrenzung des Federweges der sekundären Federeinheit (3) auf.The invention relates to a spring device (1) for absorbing transverse forces between a bogie frame and a car body on a rail vehicle. The spring device comprises a primary spring unit (2) and a secondary spring unit (3). The spring device (1) has at least one stop element (20) for bridging and in particular for limiting the spring travel of the secondary spring unit (3).
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Federvorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Querkräften zwischen einem Drehgestellrahmen und einem Wagenkasten an einem Schienenfahrzeug sowie eine Schienenfahrzeug umfassend eine derartige Federvorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff der unabhängigen Ansprüche.The present invention relates to a spring device for absorbing transverse forces between a bogie frame and a car body on a rail vehicle and a rail vehicle comprising such a spring device according to the preamble of the independent claims.
In modernen Schienenfahrzeugen sind die Wagenkasten auf zumindest einem Drehgestellrahmen gelagert und vorzugsweise über eine Vertikalfederung miteinander verbunden. Zur Positionierung von Drehgestell und Wagenkasten zueinander müssen daher flexible Elemente vorgesehen werden, insbesondere Querfedersysteme.In modern rail vehicles, the car body are mounted on at least one bogie frame and preferably connected to each other via a vertical suspension. For positioning of bogie and car body to each other therefore flexible elements must be provided, in particular transverse spring systems.
Das Querfedersystem ist ein elementares Bauteile des Fahrwerks. Seine Aufgabe ist es, die Querkräfte des Wagenkastens bei Bogenfahrten auf den Drehgestellrahmen zu übertragen; bzw. bei Querstössen durch Weichenablenkungen und Gleislagefehler den Querweg des Kastens zu begrenzen. Damit wird sichergestellt, dass das Fahrzeug in jedem Beladungszustand innerhalb eines definierten Lichtraumprofils bleibt.The transverse spring system is an elementary component of the chassis. Its task is to transfer the lateral forces of the car body at bow trips on the bogie frame; or to limit the transverse travel of the box in the case of crossbars by point deflections and track position errors. This ensures that the vehicle remains within a defined clearance gauge in every load condition.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind verschiedene Arten von Querfederungen bekannt. Die
Nachteilig an den Querfederungen aus dem bekannten Stand der Technik ist ihre aufwendige Gestaltung und ihr Platzbedarf. Es ist daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, diese und weitere Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu beheben. Diese Aufgabe wird durch die in den unabhängigen Patentansprüchen definierten Vorrichtungen gelöst. Weitere Ausführungsformen ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Patentansprüchen.A disadvantage of the transverse suspension from the known prior art is their complex design and their space requirements. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide these and others Remedy disadvantages of the prior art. This object is achieved by the devices defined in the independent claims. Further embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.
Eine erfindungsgemässe Federvorrichtung zur Aufnahme von Querkräften zwischen einem Drehgestellrahmen und einem Wagenkasten an einem Schienenfahrzeug umfasst zumindest eine primäre Federeinheit mit einem ersten Federelement. Das erste Federelement umfasst und insbesondere besteht zumindest teilweise aus elastischem Material und bevorzugt aus einem Elastomer. Die Federvorrichtung weist eine sekundäre Federeinheit mit mindestens einem zweiten Federelement auf. Das zweite Federelement besteht zumindest teilweise aus elastischem Material und bevorzugt aus einem Elastomer. Das erste Federelement und die sekundäre Federeinheit sind in Serie geschalten. Zur Überbrückung und insbesondere zur Begrenzung des Federweges der sekundären Federeinheit weist die Federvorrichtung wenigstens ein Anschlagelement auf.A spring device according to the invention for absorbing transverse forces between a bogie frame and a wagon body on a rail vehicle comprises at least one primary spring unit with a first spring element. The first spring element comprises and in particular consists at least partially of elastic material and preferably of an elastomer. The spring device has a secondary spring unit with at least one second spring element. The second spring element consists at least partially of elastic material and preferably of an elastomer. The first spring element and the secondary spring unit are connected in series. For bridging and in particular for limiting the spring travel of the secondary spring unit, the spring device has at least one stop element.
Dies ermöglicht das Bereitstellen einer definierten Federkennlinie für die ganze Vorrichtung, folgend Systemkennlinie. Dabei kann sie einen ersten Knickpunkt aufweisen und insbesondere progressiv sein. Insbesondere ist es damit möglich, unterschiedliche Federkennlinien zu kombinieren und die Wirkdistanz für eine bestimmte Federkennlinie zu definieren. Das Überbrücken der sekundären Federeinheit ermöglicht es, dass beispielsweise ab einer bestimmten Federlänge oder ab einem bestimmten Federweg lediglich die Federkraft des ersten Federelementes wirkt. Dies ermöglicht eine Systemkennlinie, welche einen Knick aufweist und dabei gesamthaft progressiv sein kann. Die Serieschaltung ermöglicht dabei die Verlängerung des Federweges auf kurzer Distanz in einer kompakten Einheit.This makes it possible to provide a defined spring characteristic for the whole device, following the system characteristic curve. It may have a first break point and in particular be progressive. In particular, it is thus possible to combine different spring characteristics and to define the effective distance for a specific spring characteristic. The bridging of the secondary spring unit allows, for example, from a certain spring length or from a certain spring only the spring force of the first spring element acts. This allows a system characteristic which has a kink and can be overall progressively. The series connection allows the extension of the spring travel at a short distance in a compact unit.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Federvorrichtung ein drittes Federelement. Das dritte Federelement kann in Serie zum ersten Federelement und parallel zur sekundären Federvorrichtung angeordnet sein.Preferably, the spring device comprises a third spring element. The third spring element may be arranged in series with the first spring element and parallel to the secondary spring device.
Dies ermöglicht eine weitere Abstufung der Systemkennlinie mit einem zusätzlichen zweiten Knickpunkt. Somit kann beispielsweise eine abgestufte Federkennlinie mit unterschiedlichen Steigungen je nach Federweg bereitgestellt werden. Vorzugsweise ist die Systemkennlinie gesamthaft progressiv. Das heisst, je mehr Federweg, je härter die Federung.This allows a further gradation of the system characteristic with an additional second break point. Thus, for example, a graded spring characteristic can be provided with different slopes depending on the travel. Preferably, the system characteristic is progressively progressive. This means that the more suspension travel, the harder the suspension.
Das dritte Federelement ist vorzugsweise derart angeordnet, dass es im unbelasteten Zustand zu einer Gegenkulisse beabstandet ist. Damit ist das dritte Federelement erst ab einem bestimmten Federweg im Eingriff oder in Eingriff bringbar.The third spring element is preferably arranged such that it is spaced in the unloaded state to a counter runner. Thus, the third spring element is only from a certain travel in engagement or engageable.
Durch die Beabstandung und insbesondere auch durch das vorgängige Einstellen des Abstandes des Federelementes zu der Gegenkulisse können für unterschiedliche Betriebszustände und/oder für unterschiedliche Einsatzorte unterschiedliche Systemkennlinien geschaffen werden.Due to the spacing and in particular also by the prior setting of the distance of the spring element to the counter scenery different system characteristics can be created for different operating conditions and / or for different locations.
Die Gegenkulisse kann ein Verschleisselement aufweisen.The counter scenery may have a wear element.
Damit ist es möglich, Verschleisserscheinungen an der Feder zu vermeiden. Es wäre ebenfalls vorstellbar, dass das Verschleisselement ebenfalls ein elastisches Material und damit Federeigenschaften aufweist.This makes it possible to avoid wear on the spring. It would also be conceivable that the wear element also has an elastic material and thus spring properties.
Es ist vorstellbar, dass der Abstand zwischen dem dritten Federelement und der Gegenkulisse durch unterschiedlich dicke Verschleisselemente einstellbar ist. Dies ermöglicht ein vorgängiges Einstellen des zweiten Knickpunktes. Eine nachträgliche Justierung der Federvorrichtung ist ebenfalls möglich durch Austausch des Verschleisselementes.It is conceivable that the distance between the third spring element and the counter runner is adjustable by different thickness wear elements. This allows an antecedent Setting the second break point. A subsequent adjustment of the spring device is also possible by replacing the Verschleisselementes.
Zumindest eines der Federelemente kann als Schraubenfeder, als Tellerfeder, als Schubfeder oder als Elastomerfeder ausgebildet sein. Eine Kombination verschiedener Elemente ist ebenfalls möglich. Schubfedern sind Federn, die im Wesentlichen nicht auf Zug oder Druck beansprucht sind, sondern auf Schub.At least one of the spring elements may be formed as a helical spring, as a plate spring, as a thrust spring or as an elastomeric spring. A combination of different elements is also possible. Thrust springs are springs that are essentially not subjected to tension or compression, but to thrust.
Je nach ausgewählten Werkstoffen oder ausgewählter Ausbildung des Federelementes können die entsprechenden Eigenschaften eingebracht werden.Depending on the selected materials or selected design of the spring element, the corresponding properties can be introduced.
Die Federeinheiten können jeweils auch aus mehreren Federelementen bestehen, welche vorzugsweise parallel angeordnet sind.The spring units may each consist of several spring elements, which are preferably arranged in parallel.
Dies ermöglicht kompakte Bauformen und weitere Variabilität bei der Festlegung der Federkonstanten.This allows compact designs and further variability in the determination of the spring constant.
Die vorliegende Federvorrichtung umfasst vorzugsweise eine Befestigungsanordnung zum Befestigen der Federvorrichtung an einem Gestell und/oder an einem Wagenkasten.The present spring device preferably comprises a fastening arrangement for fastening the spring device to a frame and / or to a car body.
Dies ermöglicht das Bereitstellen der Federvorrichtung als eine kompakte Baueinheit, welche beispielsweise schnell auswechselbar ist und nach dem Ausbau keine weiteren Schritte zum Einstellen benötigt.This makes it possible to provide the spring device as a compact structural unit which, for example, can be exchanged quickly and requires no further adjustment steps after removal.
Die Befestigungsanordnung kann beispielsweise als Rahmen ausgebildet sein, wobei der Rahmen vorzugsweise einstückig ist. Der Rahmen kann als offener Rahmen ausgebildet sein und eine U-Form aufweisen. Dabei sind die Federelemente vorzugsweise zwischen den Schenkeln des U angeordnet. An der Befestigungsanordnung können Befestigungsmittel wie Öffnungen oder Schrauben vorgesehen sein.The fastening arrangement may be formed, for example, as a frame, wherein the frame is preferably in one piece. The frame may be formed as an open frame and have a U-shape. The spring elements are preferably between the thighs of the U arranged. Attachment means such as openings or screws may be provided on the attachment arrangement.
Vorzugsweise ist das erste Federelement der Federvorrichtung und bevorzugt die primäre Federeinheit auf der sekundären Federeinheit der Federvorrichtung mittels einer Lagerung gelagert. Es ist dabei insbesondere vorstellbar, dass die Lagerung als bewegliche Lagerung ausgeführt ist.Preferably, the first spring element of the spring device and preferably the primary spring unit is mounted on the secondary spring unit of the spring device by means of a bearing. It is particularly conceivable that the storage is designed as a movable storage.
Dies ermöglicht, die Federwege in Abhängigkeit zueinander zu bringen. Das heisst, ein erstes Federelement ist mit der sekundären Federeinheit federnd gelagert. Dabei sind die einzelnen Federkonstanten des ersten Federelementes und der sekundären Federeinheit überlagert.This makes it possible to bring the spring travel in relation to each other. That is, a first spring element is resiliently mounted with the secondary spring unit. In this case, the individual spring constants of the first spring element and the secondary spring unit are superimposed.
Dabei ist es vorstellbar, die Lagerung mit Schnittstellen zur Befestigung der zweiten Federelemente zu versehen. Dabei kann die Lagerung beispielsweise als verwindungsteife Halterung ausgeführt sein. Die Lagerung kann dabei aus einem oder mehreren miteinander verbunden Teilen gefertigt sein. Die Schnittstellen zur Befestigung der zweiten Federelemente können als einzelne Elemente gefertigt sein, welche sich in einer erfindungsgemässen Lage im Wesentlichen parallel der Schenkel eines U-förmigen Befestigungselementes erstrecken und sich vorzugsweise mittig der Schenkel befinden.It is conceivable to provide the storage with interfaces for attachment of the second spring elements. The storage can be performed, for example, as torsion-resistant bracket. The storage can be made of one or more interconnected parts. The interfaces for fastening the second spring elements can be manufactured as individual elements, which extend in a position according to the invention essentially parallel to the legs of a U-shaped fastening element and are preferably located centrally of the legs.
Bevorzugt ist die sekundäre Federeinheit aus vier Federelementen gebildet, wobei diese Federelemente vorzugsweise als Schubfedern ausgebildet sind. Besonders bevorzugt sind diese vier Federelemente parallel angeordnet.Preferably, the secondary spring unit is formed from four spring elements, these spring elements are preferably designed as thrust springs. Particularly preferably, these four spring elements are arranged in parallel.
Dies ermöglicht eine geometrisch einfache und günstige Anordnung und eine gleichmässige und insbesondere symmetrische Kraftverteilung. Schubfedern zeichnen sich durch eine relativ geringe Baugrösse und eine kompakte Bauform aus. Dies ermöglicht somit ebenfalls eine kompakte Bauform der Federvorrichtung.This allows a geometrically simple and convenient arrangement and a uniform and in particular symmetrical force distribution. Thrust springs are characterized by a relatively small size and a compact design. This thus also allows a compact design of the spring device.
Dabei ist es vorstellbar, dass die Federelemente der sekundären Federeinheit zwischen den Schnittstellen und den Schenkeln des U-förmigen Befestigungselementes im Wesentlichen parallel angeordnet sind.It is conceivable that the spring elements of the secondary spring unit between the interfaces and the legs of the U-shaped fastening element are arranged substantially parallel.
Eine Belastung der Federelemente auf Schub ist damit möglich.A load of the spring elements on thrust is possible.
Die Lagerung des ersten Federelementes auf der sekundären Federeinheit kann eine Drehachse aufweisen. Vorzugsweise sind dabei das erste Federelement und das dritte Federelement an der Drehachse beweglich angeordnet. Dabei ist es vorstellbar, dass das erste und das dritte Federelement an einer Rolle angeordnet sind, welche um die Drehachse drehbar ausgebildet ist.The bearing of the first spring element on the secondary spring unit can have a rotation axis. Preferably, the first spring element and the third spring element are arranged movably on the axis of rotation. It is conceivable that the first and the third spring element are arranged on a roller which is designed to be rotatable about the axis of rotation.
Damit ist es möglich, das erste und das dritte Federelement einstückig zu fertigen, wobei sich die Unterteilung in eine erstes und ein drittes Federelement durch die relative Position zur Drehachse ergibt.This makes it possible to manufacture the first and the third spring element in one piece, wherein the subdivision into a first and a third spring element results from the relative position to the axis of rotation.
Eine leichte und einfache Fertigung ist möglich. Austausch- und Wartungshäufigkeit der Federelemente verringert sich, und durch die Anordnung an einer Drehachse und daher durch die Möglichkeit, dass sich die Rolle drehen kann, wird der Verschleiss verringert. Die Standzeiten können erhöht werden. Ungünstige oder ungewollte Querkräfte können somit ebenfalls vermieden oder zumindest verringert werden.A simple and easy production is possible. Replacement and maintenance frequency of the spring elements is reduced, and by the arrangement on a rotation axis and therefore by the possibility that the roller can rotate, the wear is reduced. The service life can be increased. Unfavorable or unwanted transverse forces can thus also be avoided or at least reduced.
Bei einem mehrteiligen Aufbau des Lagerelementes kann es vorgesehen sein, eine erste und eine zweite Schnittstelle bereitzustellen, welche mit einer Achse miteinander verbunden sind.In a multi-part construction of the bearing element, it may be provided to provide a first and a second interface, which are connected to one another with an axis.
Das erste und das dritte Federelement bilden dabei die primäre Federeinheit und sind insbesondere einstückig ausgebildet. Eine einfache Fertigung und/oder der Einsatz von Halbfabrikaten oder Normteilen ist möglich.The first and the third spring element thereby form the primary spring unit and are in particular formed in one piece. Simple production and / or the use of semi-finished or standard parts is possible.
Das Anschlagelement zur Überbrückung des sekundären Federelementes und zur Begrenzung des Federweges der sekundären Federeinheit ist vorzugsweise am Lagerelement angeordnet.The stop element for bridging the secondary spring element and for limiting the spring travel of the secondary spring unit is preferably arranged on the bearing element.
Dies ermöglicht eine stabile Fixierung des Lagerelementes und damit eine stabile Lagerung der primären Federeinheit ab dem Zeitpunkt, an dem die sekundäre Federeinheit überbrückt ist und nur noch das erste Federelement der primären Federeinheit wirkt. Dies ermöglicht in Abhängigkeit vom Federweg einen definierten Zustand. Eine Überlastung der zweiten Federelemente kann damit verhindert werden. Ausserdem kann eine Systemkennlinie mit einem Knick bereitgestellt werden.This allows a stable fixation of the bearing element and thus a stable mounting of the primary spring unit from the time at which the secondary spring unit is bridged and only the first spring element of the primary spring unit acts. This allows a defined state depending on the travel. An overload of the second spring elements can thus be prevented. In addition, a system characteristic with a kink can be provided.
Es wäre ebenfalls vorstellbar, die Anschlagelemente am Befestigungselement anzuordnen, wobei diese ab einem bestimmten Federweg mit dem Lagerelement in Wirkverbindung sind.It would also be conceivable to arrange the stop elements on the fastener, which are from a certain spring travel with the bearing element in operative connection.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein Schienenfahrzeug welches eine Federvorrichtung wie vorliegend beschrieben umfasst. Die Federvorrichtung ist mit dem Drehgestell oder dem Wagenkasten des Schienenfahrzeuges fest verbunden.Another aspect of the invention relates to a rail vehicle comprising a spring device as described herein. The spring device is firmly connected to the bogie or the car body of the rail vehicle.
Das Schienenfahrzeug kann als komplette Einheit ausgeliefert werden, wobei die Federelemente entsprechend den Anforderungen eingestellt werden können und/oder vorkonfektioniert sind. Dies ermöglicht eine für den Fahrgast komfortable Federung, insbesondere bei Kurvenfahrten.The rail vehicle can be delivered as a complete unit, the spring elements according to the requirements can be adjusted and / or pre-assembled. This allows a comfortable for the passenger suspension, especially when cornering.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Schienenfahrzeug mindestens zwei Federvorrichtungen, wobei durch die erste Federvorrichtung Querkräfte in einer ersten Richtung aufnehmbar sind und durch die zweite Federvorrichtung Querkräfte in einer zweiten, der ersten Richtung im Wesentlichen entgegengesetzten Richtung, aufnehmbar sind.Preferably, the rail vehicle comprises at least two spring devices, wherein by the first spring device transverse forces are receivable in a first direction and by the second spring device transverse forces in a second, the first direction substantially opposite direction, are accommodated.
Querkräfte sind Kräfte, welche im Wesentlichen Quer zur Fahrtrichtung auftreten.Transverse forces are forces which essentially occur transversely to the direction of travel.
Das Schienenfahrzeug kann somit ein in sich geschlossenes System bilden.The rail vehicle can thus form a self-contained system.
Sowohl das Drehgestell als auch der Wagenkasten können zumindest eine Federanschlagsfläche umfassen, an die die Federvorrichtung anschlagbar ist.Both the bogie and the car body may comprise at least one spring stop surface to which the spring device can be stopped.
Die folgenden Figuren zeigen ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung.
- Figur 1:
- zeigt schematisch eine Serie verschiedener Zustände während des Einfederungsvorganges an einer erfindungsgemässen Federvorrichtung.
- Figur 2:
- zeigt eine dreidimensionale Ansicht einer erfindungsgemässen Federvorrichtung.
- Figur 3:
- zeigt eine Schnittansicht entlang der Drehachse.
- Figur 4:
- zeigt eine qualitative Systemkennlinie.
- FIG. 1:
- schematically shows a series of different states during the compression process on a novel spring device.
- FIG. 2:
- shows a three-dimensional view of a spring device according to the invention.
- FIG. 3:
- shows a sectional view along the axis of rotation.
- FIG. 4:
- shows a qualitative system characteristic.
Zur besseren Übersicht sind lediglich in
Wirkt nun eine Kraft F auf die Federvorrichtung ein (
Wird die Kraft F grösser (
Wenn die Kraft F noch grösser wird (
Im Ausführungsbeispiel aus den
Im Ausführungsmodell nach den
Eine qualitative Systemkennlinie einer Vorrichtung ist in einem Kraft- Weg- Diagramm in
Claims (18)
einem Drehgestellrahmen und einem Wagenkasten an einem Schienenfahrzeug umfassend
eine primäre Federeinheit (2) mit einem ersten Federelement (11), welches zumindest teilweise aus elastischem Material, bevorzugt einem Elastomer, besteht oder ein elastisches Material umfasst
eine sekundäre Federeinheit (3) mit mindestens einem zweiten Federelement (12) welches zumindest teilweise aus elastischem Material, bevorzugt einem Elastomer, besteht oder ein elastisches Material umfasst
wobei das erste Federelement (11) und die sekundäre Federeinheit (3) in Serie geschaltet sind,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass
die Federvorrichtung (1) wenigstens ein Anschlagelement (20) zur Überbrückung der sekundären Federeinheit und insbesondere zur Begrenzung des Federweges des sekundären Federeinheit (3) aufweist.Spring device (1) for absorbing transverse forces between
a bogie frame and a car body on a rail vehicle comprising
a primary spring unit (2) with a first spring element (11) which at least partially consists of elastic material, preferably an elastomer, or comprises an elastic material
a secondary spring unit (3) with at least one second spring element (12) which at least partially consists of elastic material, preferably an elastomer, or comprises an elastic material
wherein the first spring element (11) and the secondary spring unit (3) are connected in series,
characterized in that
the spring device (1) has at least one stop element (20) for bridging the secondary spring unit and in particular for limiting the spring travel of the secondary spring unit (3).
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15185610.1A EP3144200A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2015-09-17 | Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device |
EP16750811.8A EP3350054B1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2016-08-09 | Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device |
PCT/EP2016/068939 WO2017045844A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2016-08-09 | Spring device for absorbing transverse forces and rail vehicles comprising a spring device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP15185610.1A EP3144200A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2015-09-17 | Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3144200A1 true EP3144200A1 (en) | 2017-03-22 |
Family
ID=54150283
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15185610.1A Withdrawn EP3144200A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2015-09-17 | Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device |
EP16750811.8A Active EP3350054B1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2016-08-09 | Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16750811.8A Active EP3350054B1 (en) | 2015-09-17 | 2016-08-09 | Spring device for receiving lateral forces and railway vehicles comprising a spring device |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP3144200A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017045844A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2788250A (en) * | 1953-03-11 | 1957-04-09 | Symington Gould Corp | Resilient side bearing |
US3961584A (en) * | 1971-10-14 | 1976-06-08 | Hamilton Neil King Paton | Railway car truck |
US4998997A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1991-03-12 | Miner Enterprises, Inc. | Side bearing unit for railroad car |
US6092470A (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 2000-07-25 | Miner Enterprises, Inc. | Railroad car side bearing with thermal insulator |
WO2004089716A1 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-10-21 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Running gear for a railway vehicle provided with an improved transversal suspension |
EP1527976A1 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2005-05-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Railway car with tilting car body |
-
2015
- 2015-09-17 EP EP15185610.1A patent/EP3144200A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-08-09 WO PCT/EP2016/068939 patent/WO2017045844A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-08-09 EP EP16750811.8A patent/EP3350054B1/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2788250A (en) * | 1953-03-11 | 1957-04-09 | Symington Gould Corp | Resilient side bearing |
US3961584A (en) * | 1971-10-14 | 1976-06-08 | Hamilton Neil King Paton | Railway car truck |
US4998997A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1991-03-12 | Miner Enterprises, Inc. | Side bearing unit for railroad car |
US6092470A (en) * | 1998-12-03 | 2000-07-25 | Miner Enterprises, Inc. | Railroad car side bearing with thermal insulator |
WO2004089716A1 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-10-21 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | Running gear for a railway vehicle provided with an improved transversal suspension |
EP1610995B1 (en) | 2003-04-09 | 2007-06-13 | Bombardier Transportation GmbH | Running gear for a railway vehicle provided with an improved transversal suspension |
EP1527976A1 (en) | 2003-10-28 | 2005-05-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Railway car with tilting car body |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3350054A1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
EP3350054B1 (en) | 2020-12-02 |
WO2017045844A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
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