EP3124699A1 - Structural object for road and road structure having the same - Google Patents
Structural object for road and road structure having the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3124699A1 EP3124699A1 EP16176892.4A EP16176892A EP3124699A1 EP 3124699 A1 EP3124699 A1 EP 3124699A1 EP 16176892 A EP16176892 A EP 16176892A EP 3124699 A1 EP3124699 A1 EP 3124699A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lane
- traveling direction
- inbound
- outbound
- wind
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 27
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 TeflonĀ® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/02—Snow fences or similar devices, e.g. devices affording protection against sand drifts or side-wind effects
- E01F7/025—Devices specially adapted for protecting against wind, e.g. screens, deflectors or attenuators at tunnel or lock entrances
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F15/00—Safety arrangements for slowing, redirecting or stopping errant vehicles, e.g. guard posts or bollards; Arrangements for reducing damage to roadside structures due to vehicular impact
- E01F15/02—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes
- E01F15/08—Continuous barriers extending along roads or between traffic lanes essentially made of walls or wall-like elements ; Cable-linked blocks
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/02—Snow fences or similar devices, e.g. devices affording protection against sand drifts or side-wind effects
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F7/00—Devices affording protection against snow, sand drifts, side-wind effects, snowslides, avalanches or falling rocks; Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Sight-screens for roads, e.g. to mask accident site
- E01F7/06—Anti-dazzle arrangements ; Securing anti-dazzle means to crash-barriers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantiallyĀ perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotorĀ
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantiallyĀ perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotorĀ the axis being vertical
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a structural object to be built on a road and a road structure having the same.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-163850 discloses a windbreak wall that is built along a road.
- This windbreak has a plurality of louvers arranged along the road.
- the louvers are placed so that the side of each louver in the vehicle traveling direction is inclined inward and the site opposite to the vehicle traveling direction is inclined outward.
- wind blowing on a vehicle obliquely from the front and from the sides is suppressed
- wind blowing on the vehicle obliquely from the back and from the back passes through, thereby contributing to reduction of fuel consumption of the vehicle.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique to improve the fuel efficiency of another vehicle with utilization of wind generated by traveling of a vehicle.
- a structural object for road to be mounted between a first lane and a second lane being an opposite lane of the first lane includes a first wall surface facing the same direction as a traveling direction of the first lane, and a second wall surface facing the same direction as a traveling direction of the second lane, wherein the first wall surface has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the traveling direction of the second lane in order to change wind blowing from the second lane into wind having a component of the traveling direction of the first lane, and the second wall surface has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the traveling direction of the first lane in order to change wind blowing from the first lane into wind having a component of the traveling direction of the second lane.
- this structure it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of an oncoming vehicle with utilization of wind generated by traveling of a vehicle.
- the first wall surface contains a flat surface and a curved surface in order from the second lane to the first lane
- the second wall surface contains a flat surface and a curved surface in order from the first lane to the second lane.
- the above-described structural object for the road has a first curved plate that is curved to be convex toward the traveling direction of the second lane in a plan view, a flat plate that is inclined toward the traveling direction of the first lane in the plan view as it goes from the first lane to the second lane, and a second curved plate that is curved to be convex toward the traveling direction of the first lane in the plan view, in order from the first lane to the second lane, and is formed to be substantially S shaped in the plan view, the first curved plate and the flat plate form the concave part of the first wall surface, and the flat plate and the second curved plate form the concave part of the second wall surface.
- first curved plate, the flat plate, and the second curved plate are formed integrally.
- the first curved plate, the flat plate, and the second curved plate are formed separately from one another, the first curved plate and the flat plate are arranged separately, the flat plate and the second curved plate are arranged separately, the first curved plate and the flat plate partly overlap in this order in the traveling direction of the first lane, and the flat plate and the second curved plate partly overlap in this order in the traveling direction of the first lane.
- the wind passes through a gap between the flat plate and the first curved plate, is guided by the first curved plate, and the momentum in the same direction as the traveling direction of the first lane is applied.
- a road structure includes the first lane, the second lane, and a plurality of the above-described structural objects for the road that are arranged between the first lane and the second lane at specified intervals along the first lane or the second lane.
- the road structure includes a median strip between the first lane and the second lane, and the plurality of structural objects for the road are mounted on the median strip.
- the road structure further includes a vertical axis wind generator placed between two adjacent ones of the plurality of structural objects for the road. In this structure, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity.
- the road structure further includes a side wall mounted on a side of the first lane opposite to the side of the first lane on which the second lane is located, and the side wall has a plurality of inclined surfaces arranged along the first lane, and each of the inclined surfaces is inclined toward the first lane as it goes to the traveling direction of the first lane in the plan view.
- wind that is generated by traveling of a leading vehicle and blows on the side wall is guided by the plurality of inclined surfaces and flows back into the first lane, maintaining the momentum in the traveling direction.
- the side wall has a depression between two adjacent ones of the inclined surfaces in the traveling direction of the first lane.
- wind that is generated by traveling of a leading vehicle and blows on the side wall becomes a spiral flow and is temporarily held in the depression and then flows back into the first lane.
- this structure even when there is a rather long distance between the leading vehicle and the following vehicle, it is possible to contribute to reduction of fuel consumption of the following vehicle.
- a road structure 1 according to a first embodiment is described hereinafter with reference to Figs. 1 to 9 .
- the road structure 1 contains an inbound lane 2 (first lane), an outbound lane 3 (second lane), a median strip 4, an inbound side wall 5 (side wall), an outbound side wall 6 (side wall), a plurality of blades 7 (structural objects for road), a protective barrier 40, and a wind generator 15.
- a track 8 (vehicle, subject vehicle) is traveling.
- the traveling direction of the inbound lane 2 is referred to as an inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the outbound lane 3 is the opposite lane of the inbound lane 2.
- a track 9 vehicle, oncoming vehicle
- the traveling direction of the outbound lane 3 is referred to as an outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the inbound lane 2 and the outbound lane 3 form a roadway 39.
- the median strip 4 is located between the inbound lane 2 and the outbound lane 3.
- the protective barrier 40 is placed in the median strip 4.
- the protective barrier 40 prevents the track 8 traveling in the inbound lane 2 from crossing the median strip 4 into the outbound lane 3 due to some reason and also prevents the track 9 traveling in the outbound lane 3 from crossing the median strip 4 into the inbound lane 2 due to some reason.
- the inbound side wall 5 is placed on a side of the inbound lane 2 opposite to the side of the inbound lane 2 on which the median strip 4 is located. In other words, the inbound side wall 5 is placed on a side of the inbound lane 2 opposite to the side of the inbound lane 2 on which the median the outbound lane 3 is located.
- the outbound side wall 6 is placed on a side of the outbound lane 3 opposite to the side of the outbound lane 3 on which the median strip 4 is located. In other words, the outbound side wall 6 is placed on a side of the outbound lane 3 opposite to the side of the outbound lane 3 on which the inbound lane 2 is located.
- the inbound side wall 5 and the outbound side wall 6 are placed with the roadway 39 located therebetween.
- the plurality of blades 7 are placed between the inbound lane 2 and the outbound lane 3. Specifically, the plurality of blades 7 are placed on the median strip 4. The plurality of blades 7 are arranged at specified intervals along the inbound lane 2 or the outbound lane 3. As shown in Fig. 1 , each blade 7 is fixed to the median strip 4 through a blade support shaft 10 so that it cannot rotate. Note that, the support shaft 10 mounts each blade 7 above the protective barrier 40 so as to avoid physical contact between each blade 7 and the protective barrier 40. Thus, the blade support shaft 10 can be omitted in the case where the protective barrier 40 is not built.
- the blade 7 is described in detail hereinafter with reference to Figs. 3 and 4 .
- the blade 7 is substantially plate shaped, and it is mounted vertically so that its thickness direction is in the horizontal direction.
- the blade 7 has an upper surface 41, a lower surface 42, an inbound side surface 43, an outbound side surface 44, a front surface 12 (second surface), and a back surface 11 (first surface).
- the upper surface 41 is a horizontal surface facing upward.
- the lower surface 42 is a horizontal surface facing downward.
- the inbound side surface 43 is a side surface facing the inbound lane 2.
- the inbound side surface 43 is parallel to the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the inbound side surface 43 is not limited to be parallel to the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the outbound side surface 44 is a side surface facing the outbound lane 3.
- the outbound side surface 44 is parallel to the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the outbound side surface 44 is not limited to be parallel to the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the front surface 12 is a surface facing the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the back surface 11 is a surface facing the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the blade 7 is formed integrally.
- the blade 7 is made of weather resistant resin that is resistant to UV degradation, such as Teflon (registered trademark) or acrylic (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), or light metal, for example.
- the back surface 11 is concave in the plan view.
- the back surface 11 is concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view.
- the back surface 11 is made up of a flat surface 11b and a curved surface 11a in order from the outbound lane 3 to the inbound lane 2.
- the flat surface 11b is a surface that is inclined toward the outbound traveling direction 3A as it goes from the outbound lane 3 to the inbound lane 2.
- the curved surface 11a is a surface that is curved to be concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the curved surface 11a is curved to be convex toward the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the flat surface 11b and the curved surface 11a are smoothly joined to each other.
- the front surface 12 is concave in the plan view.
- the front surface 12 is concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view.
- the front surface 12 is made up of a flat surface 12b and a curved surface 12a in order from the inbound lane 2 to the outbound lane 3.
- the flat surface 12b is a surface that is inclined toward the inbound traveling direction 2A as it goes from the inbound lane 2 to the outbound lane 3.
- the curved surface 12a is a surface that is curved to be concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the curved surface 12a is curved to be convex toward the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the flat surface 12b and the curved surface 12a are smoothly joined to each other.
- the blade 7 is formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view.
- the blade 7, however, is not limited to be formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view.
- Fig. 5 shows, by a vector, the momentum of wind 13 that is generated by the track 8 traveling in the inbound lane 2.
- the wind 13 blowing toward the outbound traveling direction 3A is generated in the rear of the track 8 traveling in the inbound lane 2.
- the wind 13 has a certain range, and a part of this wind blows on the front surface 12 of the blade 7 and is guided sequentially by the flat surface 12b and the curved surface 12a of the front surface 12 into the outbound lane 3.
- the momentum in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A is applied to air flow P that is away from the front surface 12 of the blade 7.
- FIG. 6 shows, by a vector, the momentum of wind 14 that is generated by the track 9 traveling in the outbound lane 3.
- the wind 14 blowing to the outbound traveling direction 3A is generated in the rear of the track 9 traveling in the outbound lane 3.
- the wind 14 has a certain range, and a part of the wind blows on the back surface 11 of the blade 7 and is guided sequentially by the flat surface 11b and the curved surface 11a of the back surface 11 into the inbound lane 2.
- the momentum in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A is applied to air flow Q that is away from the back surface 11 of the blade 7.
- Fig. 7 shows test conductions of this test.
- the point of measurement is a point that is at 0.5m from the blade 7 toward the inbound lane 2 and at 1m from the ground and a point that is at 1m from the blade 7 toward the inbound lane 2 and at 1.2m from the ground.
- the shortest distance between the track 9 and the blade 7 when the track 9 traveling in the outbound lane 3 passes through the blade 7 is 1m.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing test results.
- the horizontal axis of the graph of Fig. 8 indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the wind speed of the inbound traveling direction 2A component at each point of measurement. Measurement results at the former point are indicated by "0.5mā in the graph, and measurement results at the latter point are indicated by ā1mā in the graph.
- the up arrow in Fig. 8 indicates the time when the track 9 passes through the point of measurement.
- Fig. 8 shows that, when the blade 7 is mounted, wind at 1.5m per second at maximum is generated in the inbound lane 2 along the inbound traveling direction 2A as a result that the track 9 travels in the outbound lane 3.
- Fig. 9 is a graph showing test results in the case where the blade 7 is removed for comparison.
- the up arrow in Fig. 9 indicates the time when the track 9 passes through the point of measurement.
- Fig. 9 shows that, when the blade 7 is not mounted, wind at 3m per second at maximum is generated in the inbound lane 2 along the opposite direction from the inbound traveling direction 2A as a result that the track 9 travels in the outbound lane 3.
- a force acting on the track 8 traveling in the inbound lane 2 is calculated by (air resistance) ā (projected area of the track 8) ā (dynamic pressure).
- the dynamic pressure is calculated by 1/2 ā V 2 .
- V indicates the wind speed, and when the track 8 is traveling at 100km per hour, for example, wind at 100km per hour, which is 27.8m per second, is blowing on the track 8.
- the fuel economy increases by about 3% if the air resistance is reduced by 10%, and therefore the fuel economy increases by about 2% when the air resistance is reduced by 7%.
- the fuel efficiency enhancement effect of about 2% can be obtained when wind at about 1m per second is generated in the inbound lane 2 along the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the first embodiment which is described above, has the following advantageous effects.
- the blades 7 are placed between the inbound lane 2 (first lane) and the outbound lane 3 (second lane), which is the opposite lane of the inbound lane 2.
- the blade 7 has the back surface 11 (first wall surface) facing the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A and the front surface 12 (second wall surface) facing the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the back surface 11 is concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A so as to change wind blowing from the outbound lane 3 into wind having a component in the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the front surface 12 is concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A so as to change wind blowing from the inbound lane 2 into wind having a component in the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the entire back surface 11 is concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A in the above-described first embodiment, only a part of the back surface 11 may be concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A. In other words, the back surface 11 only needs to have a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the entire front surface 12 is concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A in the above-described first embodiment, only a part of the front surface 12 may be concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A. In other words, the front surface 12 only needs to have a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the back surface 11 contains the flat surface 11b and the curved surface 11a in order from the outbound lane 3 to the inbound lane 2.
- the front surface 12 contains the flat surface 12b and the curved surface 12a in order from the inbound lane 2 to the outbound lane 3.
- the blade 7 may be composed of two parts: a part having the back surface 11 and a part having the front surface 12. Those two parts may be coupled together or may be separated from each other.
- the blade 7 has a first curved plate 50 that is curved to be convex toward the outbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view, a flat plate 51 that is inclined toward the inbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view as it goes from the inbound lane 2 to the outbound lane 3, and a second curved plate 52 that is curved to be convex toward the inbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view, in order from the inbound lane 2 to the outbound lane 3 in this embodiment.
- the blade 7 is formed to be substantially S shaped in the plan view.
- the first curved plate 50 has a curved surface 50a facing the inbound traveling direction 2A and a curved surface 50b facing the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the curved surface 50a and the curved surface 50b are both curved to be convex toward the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the flat plate 51 has a flat surface 51a facing the inbound traveling direction 2A and a flat surface 51b facing the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the flat surface 51a and the flat surface 51b are both flat surfaces.
- the second curved plate 52 has a curved surface 52a facing the inbound traveling direction 2A and a curved surface 52b facing the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the curved surface 52a and the curved surface 52b are both curved to be convex toward the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- a back surface 11 is composed of the curved surface 50a, the flat surface 51a and the curved surface 52a.
- a front surface 12 is composed of the curved surface 50b, the flat surface 51b and the curved surface 52b.
- the first curved plate 50 and the flat plate 51 form a concave part of the back surface 11 that is concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the curved surface 50a and the flat surface 51a of the back surface 11 are concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 form a concave part of the front surface 12 that is concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the flat surface 51b and the curved surface 52b of the front surface 12 are concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the first curved plate 50, the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 are formed integrally.
- the blade 7 is formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view.
- the blade 7, however, is not limited to be formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view.
- the second embodiment which is described above, has the following advantageous effects.
- the blade 7 (structural object for the road) has the first curved plate 50 that is curved to be convex toward the outbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view, the flat plate 51 that is inclined toward the inbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view as it goes from the inbound lane 2 to the outbound lane 3, and the second curved plate 52 that is curved to be convex toward the inbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view, in order from the inbound lane 2 (first lane) to the outbound lane 3 (second lane), and therefore the blade 7 is formed to be substantially S shaped in the plan view.
- the first curved plate 50 and the flat plate 51 form a concave part of the back surface 11 (first wall surface), and the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 form a concave part of the front surface 12 (second wall surface).
- first wall surface first wall surface
- second wall surface second wall surface
- first curved plate 50, the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 are formed integrally. In the above-described structure, it is possible to manufacture the blade 7 at low costs.
- the curved surface 50b of the first curved plate 50 of the blade 7 may have a plurality of ridges 18 extending horizontally.
- an eddy is generated from each ridge 18 toward the inbound traveling direction 2A, which pulls the current R (see Fig. 11 also) with a negative pressure, and it is thereby possible to enhance the wind speed of the inbound traveling direction 2A component of the flow R.
- the curved surface 52a of the second curved plate 5 of the blade 7 may have a plurality of ridges extending horizontally.
- a third embodiment is described hereinafter with reference to Fig. 13 . Differences of this embodiment from the above-described second embodiment are mainly described hereinafter, and the redundant description is omitted.
- the blade 7 contains the first curved plate 50, the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52, and the first curved plate 50, the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 are formed integrally as shown in Fig. 10 .
- the first curved plate 50, the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 are formed separately from one another as shown in Fig. 13 .
- the first curved plate 50 and the flat plate 51 are arranged separately from each other.
- the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 are arranged separately from each other.
- the first curved plate 50 and the flat plate 51 partly overlap in this order.
- the first curved plate 50 and the flat plate 51 partly face each other.
- the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 partly overlap in this order.
- the flat plate 51 and the second curved plate 52 partly face each other.
- the inbound side wall 5 is described hereinafter with reference to Fig. 14 .
- the inbound side wall 5 has a plurality of inclined surfaces 30 arranged along the inbound lane 2.
- Each inclined surface 30 is inclined toward the inbound lane 2 as it goes toward the inbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view.
- Wind that is generated by traveling of the track 8, which is a leading vehicle, and blows on the inbound side wall 5 is guided by the plurality of inclined surfaces 30, and thereby the wind flows back into the inbound lane 2, maintaining the momentum in the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the outbound side wall 6, like the inbound side wall 5, has a plurality of inclined surfaces arranged along the outbound lane 3. Each inclined surface is inclined toward the outbound lane 3 as it goes toward the outbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view.
- the inbound side wall 5 has a depression 31 between the two adjacent inclined surfaces 30 in the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- wind that is generated by traveling of the track 8, which is a leading vehicle, and blows on the inbound side wall 5 becomes a spiral flow W that is counterclockwise in the plan view, and it is temporarily held in the depression 31 and then flows back into the inbound lane 2.
- the wind generator 15 is described hereinafter. As shown in Fig. 1 , the wind generator 15 is placed between the two adjacent blades 7. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6 , in the space between the two adjacent blades 7, air flow generated by traveling of the track 8 and air flow generated by traveling of the track 9 are both clockwise in the plan view. Thus, by placing the vertical axis wind generator 15 between the two adjacent blades 7, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity.
- the blade 7 is mounted between an inbound lane 2 and an outbound lane 3, which is the opposite lane of the inbound lane 2.
- the blade 7 has a back surface 11 facing the same direction as an inbound traveling direction 2A and a front surface 12 facing the same direction as an outbound traveling direction 3A.
- the back surface 11 has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the outbound traveling direction 3A in order to change wind blowing from the outbound lane 3 into wind having a component of the inbound traveling direction 2A.
- the front surface 12 has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the inbound traveling direction 2A in order to change wind blowing from the inbound lane 2 into wind having a component of the outbound traveling direction 3A.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Refuge Islands, Traffic Blockers, Or Guard Fence (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a structural object to be built on a road and a road structure having the same.
-
Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2010-163850 - However, the above-described technique does not improve the fuel efficiency of another vehicle with utilization of wind generated by traveling of a vehicle.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique to improve the fuel efficiency of another vehicle with utilization of wind generated by traveling of a vehicle.
- According to a first aspect of the present invention, a structural object for road to be mounted between a first lane and a second lane being an opposite lane of the first lane includes a first wall surface facing the same direction as a traveling direction of the first lane, and a second wall surface facing the same direction as a traveling direction of the second lane, wherein the first wall surface has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the traveling direction of the second lane in order to change wind blowing from the second lane into wind having a component of the traveling direction of the first lane, and the second wall surface has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the traveling direction of the first lane in order to change wind blowing from the first lane into wind having a component of the traveling direction of the second lane. In this structure, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of an oncoming vehicle with utilization of wind generated by traveling of a vehicle.
- In another aspect, the first wall surface contains a flat surface and a curved surface in order from the second lane to the first lane, and the second wall surface contains a flat surface and a curved surface in order from the first lane to the second lane. In this structure, it is possible to change wind blowing from the second lane into wind having a component in the traveling direction of the first lane more efficiently than the case where the first wall surface is composed of a combination of a plurality of flat surfaces. Likewise, it is possible to change wind blowing from the first lane into wind having a component in the traveling direction of the second lane more efficiently than the case where the second wall surface is composed of a combination of a plurality of flat surfaces.
- In another aspect, the above-described structural object for the road has a first curved plate that is curved to be convex toward the traveling direction of the second lane in a plan view, a flat plate that is inclined toward the traveling direction of the first lane in the plan view as it goes from the first lane to the second lane, and a second curved plate that is curved to be convex toward the traveling direction of the first lane in the plan view, in order from the first lane to the second lane, and is formed to be substantially S shaped in the plan view, the first curved plate and the flat plate form the concave part of the first wall surface, and the flat plate and the second curved plate form the concave part of the second wall surface. In this structure, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of a vehicle traveling in the first lane by utilization of natural wind blowing on the second wall surface. Likewise, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of a vehicle traveling in the second lane by utilization of natural wind blowing on the first wall surface.
- In another aspect, the first curved plate, the flat plate, and the second curved plate are formed integrally.
- In another aspect, the first curved plate, the flat plate, and the second curved plate are formed separately from one another, the first curved plate and the flat plate are arranged separately, the flat plate and the second curved plate are arranged separately, the first curved plate and the flat plate partly overlap in this order in the traveling direction of the first lane, and the flat plate and the second curved plate partly overlap in this order in the traveling direction of the first lane. Specifically, when wind that is oblique to the first lane is generated toward the traveling direction of the first lane as it flows from the second lane to the first lane, the wind passes through a gap between the flat plate and the first curved plate, is guided by the first curved plate, and the momentum in the same direction as the traveling direction of the first lane is applied. Thus, in the above structure, it is possible to suppress the structural object for the road from inhibiting the contribution of the oblique wind to the reduction of fuel consumption of the vehicle in the first lane. This is the same in the case where wind that is oblique to the second lane is generated toward the traveling direction of the second lane as it flows from the first lane to the second lane.
- According to a second aspect of the present invention, a road structure includes the first lane, the second lane, and a plurality of the above-described structural objects for the road that are arranged between the first lane and the second lane at specified intervals along the first lane or the second lane.
- In another aspect, the road structure includes a median strip between the first lane and the second lane, and the plurality of structural objects for the road are mounted on the median strip.
- In another aspect, the road structure further includes a vertical axis wind generator placed between two adjacent ones of the plurality of structural objects for the road. In this structure, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity.
- In another aspect, the road structure further includes a side wall mounted on a side of the first lane opposite to the side of the first lane on which the second lane is located, and the side wall has a plurality of inclined surfaces arranged along the first lane, and each of the inclined surfaces is inclined toward the first lane as it goes to the traveling direction of the first lane in the plan view. Specifically, wind that is generated by traveling of a leading vehicle and blows on the side wall is guided by the plurality of inclined surfaces and flows back into the first lane, maintaining the momentum in the traveling direction. In this structure, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of the following vehicle by utilization of the wind generated by traveling of the leading vehicle and blowing on the side wall.
- In another aspect, the side wall has a depression between two adjacent ones of the inclined surfaces in the traveling direction of the first lane. In this structure, wind that is generated by traveling of a leading vehicle and blows on the side wall becomes a spiral flow and is temporarily held in the depression and then flows back into the first lane. In this structure, even when there is a rather long distance between the leading vehicle and the following vehicle, it is possible to contribute to reduction of fuel consumption of the following vehicle.
- According to the aspect of the present invention, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of another vehicle with utilization of wind generated by traveling of a vehicle.
- The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not to be considered as limiting the present invention.
-
-
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a road structure. -
Fig. 2 is a plan view of the road structure. -
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a blade. -
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the blade. -
Fig. 5 is a view illustrating the operation of the blade. -
Fig. 6 is a view illustrating the operation of the blade. -
Fig. 7 is a view illustrating test conditions. -
Fig. 8 is a graph showing test results when a blade is mounted. -
Fig. 9 is a graph showing test results when a blade is not mounted. -
Fig. 10 is a plan view of a blade according to a second embodiment. -
Fig. 11 is a view illustrating the operation of the blade. -
Fig. 12 is a view illustrating the operation of a blade according to an alternative example. -
Fig. 13 is a plan view of a blade according to a third embodiment; and -
Fig. 14 is a view illustrating the operation of an inbound side wall. - A
road structure 1 according to a first embodiment is described hereinafter with reference toFigs. 1 to 9 . - As shown in
Figs. 1 and2 , theroad structure 1 contains an inbound lane 2 (first lane), an outbound lane 3 (second lane), amedian strip 4, an inbound side wall 5 (side wall), an outbound side wall 6 (side wall), a plurality of blades 7 (structural objects for road), aprotective barrier 40, and awind generator 15. - In the
inbound lane 2, a track 8 (vehicle, subject vehicle) is traveling. The traveling direction of theinbound lane 2 is referred to as an inbound travelingdirection 2A. - The
outbound lane 3 is the opposite lane of theinbound lane 2. In theoutbound lane 3, a track 9 (vehicle, oncoming vehicle) is traveling. The traveling direction of theoutbound lane 3 is referred to as an outbound travelingdirection 3A. - The
inbound lane 2 and theoutbound lane 3 form aroadway 39. - The
median strip 4 is located between theinbound lane 2 and theoutbound lane 3. - The
protective barrier 40 is placed in themedian strip 4. Theprotective barrier 40 prevents thetrack 8 traveling in theinbound lane 2 from crossing themedian strip 4 into theoutbound lane 3 due to some reason and also prevents thetrack 9 traveling in theoutbound lane 3 from crossing themedian strip 4 into theinbound lane 2 due to some reason. - The
inbound side wall 5 is placed on a side of theinbound lane 2 opposite to the side of theinbound lane 2 on which themedian strip 4 is located. In other words, theinbound side wall 5 is placed on a side of theinbound lane 2 opposite to the side of theinbound lane 2 on which the median theoutbound lane 3 is located. - The
outbound side wall 6 is placed on a side of theoutbound lane 3 opposite to the side of theoutbound lane 3 on which themedian strip 4 is located. In other words, theoutbound side wall 6 is placed on a side of theoutbound lane 3 opposite to the side of theoutbound lane 3 on which theinbound lane 2 is located. - Thus, the
inbound side wall 5 and theoutbound side wall 6 are placed with theroadway 39 located therebetween. - The plurality of
blades 7 are placed between theinbound lane 2 and theoutbound lane 3. Specifically, the plurality ofblades 7 are placed on themedian strip 4. The plurality ofblades 7 are arranged at specified intervals along theinbound lane 2 or theoutbound lane 3. As shown inFig. 1 , eachblade 7 is fixed to themedian strip 4 through a blade support shaft 10 so that it cannot rotate. Note that, the support shaft 10 mounts eachblade 7 above theprotective barrier 40 so as to avoid physical contact between eachblade 7 and theprotective barrier 40. Thus, the blade support shaft 10 can be omitted in the case where theprotective barrier 40 is not built. - The
blade 7 is described in detail hereinafter with reference toFigs. 3 and 4 . As shown inFig. 3 , theblade 7 is substantially plate shaped, and it is mounted vertically so that its thickness direction is in the horizontal direction. As shown inFigs. 3 and 4 , theblade 7 has anupper surface 41, alower surface 42, aninbound side surface 43, anoutbound side surface 44, a front surface 12 (second surface), and a back surface 11 (first surface). - The
upper surface 41 is a horizontal surface facing upward. - The
lower surface 42 is a horizontal surface facing downward. - The
inbound side surface 43 is a side surface facing theinbound lane 2. Theinbound side surface 43 is parallel to theinbound traveling direction 2A. Theinbound side surface 43, however, is not limited to be parallel to theinbound traveling direction 2A. - The
outbound side surface 44 is a side surface facing theoutbound lane 3. Theoutbound side surface 44 is parallel to theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Theoutbound side surface 44, however, is not limited to be parallel to theoutbound traveling direction 3A. - The
front surface 12 is a surface facing the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A. - The
back surface 11 is a surface facing the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A. - In this embodiment, the
blade 7 is formed integrally. Theblade 7 is made of weather resistant resin that is resistant to UV degradation, such as Teflon (registered trademark) or acrylic (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), or light metal, for example. - As shown in
Fig. 4 , theback surface 11 is concave in the plan view. To be specific, theback surface 11 is concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view. Theback surface 11 is made up of aflat surface 11b and acurved surface 11a in order from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2. Theflat surface 11b is a surface that is inclined toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A as it goes from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2. Thecurved surface 11a is a surface that is curved to be concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Thus, thecurved surface 11a is curved to be convex toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Theflat surface 11b and thecurved surface 11a are smoothly joined to each other. - Likewise, the
front surface 12 is concave in the plan view. To be specific, thefront surface 12 is concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view. Thefront surface 12 is made up of aflat surface 12b and acurved surface 12a in order from theinbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3. Theflat surface 12b is a surface that is inclined toward theinbound traveling direction 2A as it goes from theinbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3. Thecurved surface 12a is a surface that is curved to be concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A. Thus, thecurved surface 12a is curved to be convex toward theinbound traveling direction 2A. Theflat surface 12b and thecurved surface 12a are smoothly joined to each other. - The
blade 7 is formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view. Theblade 7, however, is not limited to be formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view. - The operation of the
blade 7 is described hereinafter with reference toFigs. 5 and6 .Fig. 5 shows, by a vector, the momentum ofwind 13 that is generated by thetrack 8 traveling in theinbound lane 2. As shown inFig. 5 , thewind 13 blowing toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A is generated in the rear of thetrack 8 traveling in theinbound lane 2. Thewind 13 has a certain range, and a part of this wind blows on thefront surface 12 of theblade 7 and is guided sequentially by theflat surface 12b and thecurved surface 12a of thefront surface 12 into theoutbound lane 3. Then, the momentum in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A is applied to air flow P that is away from thefront surface 12 of theblade 7. It is thereby possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 9, which is an oncoming vehicle, with utilization of thewind 13 generated by traveling of thetrack 8. Further, it is possible to induce wind to blow in the traveling direction of thetrack 8 by the momentum of thewind 13 and thereby improve the fuel efficiency of the following vehicle as well. - Likewise,
Fig. 6 shows, by a vector, the momentum ofwind 14 that is generated by thetrack 9 traveling in theoutbound lane 3. As shown inFig. 6 , thewind 14 blowing to theoutbound traveling direction 3A is generated in the rear of thetrack 9 traveling in theoutbound lane 3. Thewind 14 has a certain range, and a part of the wind blows on theback surface 11 of theblade 7 and is guided sequentially by theflat surface 11b and thecurved surface 11a of theback surface 11 into theinbound lane 2. Then, the momentum in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A is applied to air flow Q that is away from theback surface 11 of theblade 7. It is thereby possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 8, which is an oncoming vehicle, with utilization of thewind 14 generated by traveling of thetrack 9. Further, it is possible to induce wind to blow in the traveling direction of thetrack 9 by the momentum of thewind 14 and thereby improve the fuel efficiency of the following vehicle as well. - Hereinafter, results of a test conducted to quantitatively measure technical effects of the above-described
blade 7 are reported.Fig. 7 shows test conductions of this test. In this test, the wind speed of theinbound traveling direction 2A component of wind generated in theinbound lane 2 when thetrack 9 travels at 100km per hour in theoutbound lane 3 is measured. The point of measurement is a point that is at 0.5m from theblade 7 toward theinbound lane 2 and at 1m from the ground and a point that is at 1m from theblade 7 toward theinbound lane 2 and at 1.2m from the ground. Note that the shortest distance between thetrack 9 and theblade 7 when thetrack 9 traveling in theoutbound lane 3 passes through theblade 7 is 1m.Fig. 8 is a graph showing test results. The horizontal axis of the graph ofFig. 8 indicates time, and the vertical axis indicates the wind speed of theinbound traveling direction 2A component at each point of measurement. Measurement results at the former point are indicated by "0.5m" in the graph, and measurement results at the latter point are indicated by "1m" in the graph. The up arrow inFig. 8 indicates the time when thetrack 9 passes through the point of measurement.Fig. 8 shows that, when theblade 7 is mounted, wind at 1.5m per second at maximum is generated in theinbound lane 2 along theinbound traveling direction 2A as a result that thetrack 9 travels in theoutbound lane 3. Note that the wind in theinbound lane 2 reaches its peak 15 seconds after thetrack 9 passes through in theoutbound lane 3. This is because wind due to pressure change is generated first, and then wind due to the wake flow blows according to the lateral distance.Fig. 9 is a graph showing test results in the case where theblade 7 is removed for comparison. The up arrow inFig. 9 indicates the time when thetrack 9 passes through the point of measurement.Fig. 9 shows that, when theblade 7 is not mounted, wind at 3m per second at maximum is generated in theinbound lane 2 along the opposite direction from theinbound traveling direction 2A as a result that thetrack 9 travels in theoutbound lane 3. - Further, because wind at about 1m is generated in the
inbound lane 2 along theinbound traveling direction 2A, it is possible to obtain the fuel efficiency enhancement effect of about 2%. The reason is as follows. - A force acting on the
track 8 traveling in theinbound lane 2 is calculated by (air resistance) Ć (projected area of the track 8) Ć (dynamic pressure). The dynamic pressure is calculated by 1/2ĆĻĆV2. V indicates the wind speed, and when thetrack 8 is traveling at 100km per hour, for example, wind at 100km per hour, which is 27.8m per second, is blowing on thetrack 8. As described earlier, when wind at about 1m per second is generated in theinbound lane 2 along theinbound traveling direction 2A, thetrack 8 travels with wind of 26.8m per second blowing thereon. Accordingly, the dynamic pressure is reduced by (27.82-26.82)/27.82Ć100=7%. In general, the fuel economy increases by about 3% if the air resistance is reduced by 10%, and therefore the fuel economy increases by about 2% when the air resistance is reduced by 7%. Thus, the fuel efficiency enhancement effect of about 2% can be obtained when wind at about 1m per second is generated in theinbound lane 2 along theinbound traveling direction 2A. - The first embodiment, which is described above, has the following advantageous effects.
- The blades 7 (structural objects for road) are placed between the inbound lane 2 (first lane) and the outbound lane 3 (second lane), which is the opposite lane of the
inbound lane 2. For example, as shown inFig. 4 , theblade 7 has the back surface 11 (first wall surface) facing the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A and the front surface 12 (second wall surface) facing the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A. As shown inFig. 6 , theback surface 11 is concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A so as to change wind blowing from theoutbound lane 3 into wind having a component in theinbound traveling direction 2A. Thefront surface 12 is concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A so as to change wind blowing from theinbound lane 2 into wind having a component in theoutbound traveling direction 3A. In the above-described structure, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of the track 9 (or the track 8) with utilization of the wind 13 (or the wind 14) generated by traveling of the track 8 (or the track 9) as shown inFigs. 5 and6 . - Note that, although the
entire back surface 11 is concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A in the above-described first embodiment, only a part of theback surface 11 may be concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A. In other words, theback surface 11 only needs to have a concave part that is concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Likewise, although the entirefront surface 12 is concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A in the above-described first embodiment, only a part of thefront surface 12 may be concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A. In other words, thefront surface 12 only needs to have a concave part that is concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A. - Further, the
back surface 11 contains theflat surface 11b and thecurved surface 11a in order from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2. Thefront surface 12 contains theflat surface 12b and thecurved surface 12a in order from theinbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3. In the above-described structure, it is possible to change wind blowing from theoutbound lane 3 into wind having a component in theinbound traveling direction 2A more efficiently than the case where theback surface 11 is made up of a combination of a plurality of flat surfaces. Likewise, in the above-described structure, it is possible to change wind blowing from theinbound lane 2 into wind having a component in theoutbound traveling direction 3A more efficiently than the case where thefront surface 12 is made up of a combination of a plurality of flat surfaces. - Note that, although the
blade 7 that is formed integrally has theback surface 11 and thefront surface 12 in the above-described first embodiment, theblade 7 may be composed of two parts: a part having theback surface 11 and a part having thefront surface 12. Those two parts may be coupled together or may be separated from each other. - A second embodiment is described hereinafter with reference to
Figs. 10 and11 . Differences of this embodiment from the above-described first embodiment are mainly described hereinafter, and the redundant description is omitted. As shown inFig. 10 , theblade 7 has a firstcurved plate 50 that is curved to be convex toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view, aflat plate 51 that is inclined toward theinbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view as it goes from theinbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3, and a secondcurved plate 52 that is curved to be convex toward theinbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view, in order from theinbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3 in this embodiment. Thus, theblade 7 is formed to be substantially S shaped in the plan view. - The first
curved plate 50 has acurved surface 50a facing theinbound traveling direction 2A and acurved surface 50b facing theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Thecurved surface 50a and thecurved surface 50b are both curved to be convex toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A. - The
flat plate 51 has aflat surface 51a facing theinbound traveling direction 2A and aflat surface 51b facing theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Theflat surface 51a and theflat surface 51b are both flat surfaces. - The second
curved plate 52 has acurved surface 52a facing theinbound traveling direction 2A and acurved surface 52b facing theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Thecurved surface 52a and thecurved surface 52b are both curved to be convex toward theinbound traveling direction 2A. - A
back surface 11 is composed of thecurved surface 50a, theflat surface 51a and thecurved surface 52a. - A
front surface 12 is composed of thecurved surface 50b, theflat surface 51b and thecurved surface 52b. - The first
curved plate 50 and theflat plate 51 form a concave part of theback surface 11 that is concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A. Specifically, thecurved surface 50a and theflat surface 51a of theback surface 11 are concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A. - Likewise, the
flat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 form a concave part of thefront surface 12 that is concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A. Specifically, theflat surface 51b and thecurved surface 52b of thefront surface 12 are concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A. - In this embodiment, the first
curved plate 50, theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 are formed integrally. Theblade 7 is formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view. Theblade 7, however, is not limited to be formed to be symmetrical about a point in the plan view. - The operation of the
blade 7 is described hereinafter with reference toFig 11 . - When natural wind that blows toward the
outbound traveling direction 3A as it flows from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2 is generated, the wind blows on theback surface 11, is guided sequentially by theflat surface 51a and thecurved surface 50a into theinbound lane 2. Then, the momentum in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A is applied to air flow R that is away from theblade 7. It is thereby possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 8 with utilization of natural wind that blows toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A as it flows from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2. - Further, when natural side wind that blows from the
outbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2 is generated, the side wind blows on thefront surface 12, is guided sequentially by theflat surface 51b and thecurved surface 50b into theinbound lane 2. Then, the momentum in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A is applied to air flow S that is away from theblade 7. It is thereby possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 8 with utilization of natural side wind that blows from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2. - Further, when natural wind that blows toward the
inbound traveling direction 2A as it flows from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2 is generated, the wind blows on thefront surface 12, is guided sequentially by theflat surface 51b and thecurved surface 50b into theinbound lane 2. Then, the momentum in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A is applied to air flow S that is away from theblade 7. It is thereby possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 8 with utilization of natural wind that blows toward theinbound traveling direction 2A as it flows from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2. - The same effect is exerted for natural wind that blows from the
inbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3. - The second embodiment, which is described above, has the following advantageous effects.
- For example, as shown in
Fig. 10 , the blade 7 (structural object for the road) has the firstcurved plate 50 that is curved to be convex toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view, theflat plate 51 that is inclined toward theinbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view as it goes from theinbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3, and the secondcurved plate 52 that is curved to be convex toward theinbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view, in order from the inbound lane 2 (first lane) to the outbound lane 3 (second lane), and therefore theblade 7 is formed to be substantially S shaped in the plan view. The firstcurved plate 50 and theflat plate 51 form a concave part of the back surface 11 (first wall surface), and theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 form a concave part of the front surface 12 (second wall surface). In the above-described structure, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 8 traveling in theinbound lane 2 by utilization of natural wind blowing on thefront surface 12. Likewise, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 9 traveling in theoutbound lane 3 by utilization of natural wind blowing on theback surface 11. - Further, the first
curved plate 50, theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 are formed integrally. In the above-described structure, it is possible to manufacture theblade 7 at low costs. - Note that, as shown in
Fig. 12 , thecurved surface 50b of the firstcurved plate 50 of theblade 7 may have a plurality ofridges 18 extending horizontally. In the above-described structure, an eddy is generated from eachridge 18 toward theinbound traveling direction 2A, which pulls the current R (seeFig. 11 also) with a negative pressure, and it is thereby possible to enhance the wind speed of theinbound traveling direction 2A component of the flow R. Likewise, thecurved surface 52a of the secondcurved plate 5 of theblade 7 may have a plurality of ridges extending horizontally. - A third embodiment is described hereinafter with reference to
Fig. 13 . Differences of this embodiment from the above-described second embodiment are mainly described hereinafter, and the redundant description is omitted. - In the above-described second embodiment, the
blade 7 contains the firstcurved plate 50, theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52, and the firstcurved plate 50, theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 are formed integrally as shown inFig. 10 . - On the other hand, in this embodiment, the first
curved plate 50, theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 are formed separately from one another as shown inFig. 13 . Specifically, the firstcurved plate 50 and theflat plate 51 are arranged separately from each other. Theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 are arranged separately from each other. In theinbound traveling direction 2A, the firstcurved plate 50 and theflat plate 51 partly overlap in this order. In theinbound traveling direction 2A, the firstcurved plate 50 and theflat plate 51 partly face each other. There is a gap g1 between the firstcurved plate 50 and theflat plate 51. In theinbound traveling direction 2A, theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 partly overlap in this order. In theinbound traveling direction 2A, theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52 partly face each other. There is a gap g2 between theflat plate 51 and the secondcurved plate 52. - The operation of the
blade 7 is described hereinafter. As shown inFig. 13 , when natural wind that is oblique to theinbound lane 2 is generated toward theinbound traveling direction 2A as it flows from theoutbound lane 3 to theinbound lane 2, the wind blows on theflat surface 51b of theflat plate 51, passes through the gap g1 between theflat plate 51 and the firstcurved plate 50, is guided by thecurved surface 50a of the firstcurved plate 50, and the momentum in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A is applied to the wind. Thus, in the above-described structure, it is possible to suppress theblade 7 from inhibiting the contribution of the oblique wind to the reduction of fuel consumption of thetrack 8 in theinbound lane 2. This is the same in the case where natural wind that is oblique to theoutbound lane 3 is generated toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A as it flows from theinbound lane 2 to theoutbound lane 3. - The
inbound side wall 5 is described hereinafter with reference toFig. 14 . As shown inFig. 14 , theinbound side wall 5 has a plurality ofinclined surfaces 30 arranged along theinbound lane 2. Eachinclined surface 30 is inclined toward theinbound lane 2 as it goes toward theinbound traveling direction 2A in the plan view. - Wind that is generated by traveling of the
track 8, which is a leading vehicle, and blows on theinbound side wall 5 is guided by the plurality ofinclined surfaces 30, and thereby the wind flows back into theinbound lane 2, maintaining the momentum in theinbound traveling direction 2A. Thus, in the above-described structure, it is possible to improve the fuel efficiency of thetrack 8, which is the following vehicle, by utilization of the wind generated by traveling of thetrack 8, which is the leading vehicle, and blowing on theinbound side wall 5. - The
outbound side wall 6, like theinbound side wall 5, has a plurality of inclined surfaces arranged along theoutbound lane 3. Each inclined surface is inclined toward theoutbound lane 3 as it goes toward theoutbound traveling direction 3A in the plan view. - Further, the
inbound side wall 5 has adepression 31 between the two adjacentinclined surfaces 30 in theinbound traveling direction 2A. In the above-described structure, wind that is generated by traveling of thetrack 8, which is a leading vehicle, and blows on theinbound side wall 5 becomes a spiral flow W that is counterclockwise in the plan view, and it is temporarily held in thedepression 31 and then flows back into theinbound lane 2. Thus, in the above-described structure, even when there is a rather long distance between thetrack 8, which is the leading vehicle, and thetrack 8, which is the following vehicle, it is possible to contribute to reduction of fuel consumption of thetrack 8, which is the following vehicle. The same applies to theoutbound side wall 6. - The
wind generator 15 is described hereinafter. As shown inFig. 1 , thewind generator 15 is placed between the twoadjacent blades 7. As shown inFigs. 5 and6 , in the space between the twoadjacent blades 7, air flow generated by traveling of thetrack 8 and air flow generated by traveling of thetrack 9 are both clockwise in the plan view. Thus, by placing the verticalaxis wind generator 15 between the twoadjacent blades 7, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity. - From the invention thus described, it will be obvious that the embodiments of the invention may be varied in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended for inclusion within the scope of the following claims. The
blade 7 is mounted between aninbound lane 2 and anoutbound lane 3, which is the opposite lane of theinbound lane 2. Theblade 7 has aback surface 11 facing the same direction as aninbound traveling direction 2A and afront surface 12 facing the same direction as anoutbound traveling direction 3A. Theback surface 11 has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as theoutbound traveling direction 3A in order to change wind blowing from theoutbound lane 3 into wind having a component of theinbound traveling direction 2A. Thefront surface 12 has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as theinbound traveling direction 2A in order to change wind blowing from theinbound lane 2 into wind having a component of theoutbound traveling direction 3A.
Claims (10)
- A structural object (7) for road to be mounted between a first lane (2) and a second lane (3) being an opposite lane of the first lane (2), comprising:a first wall surface (11) facing the same direction as a traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2); anda second wall surface (12) facing the same direction as a traveling direction (3A) of the second lane (3), whereinthe first wall surface (11) has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the traveling direction (3A) of the second lane (3) in order to change wind blowing from the second lane (3) into wind having a component of the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2), andthe second wall surface (12) has a concave part that is concave in the same direction as the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2) in order to change wind blowing from the first lane (2) into wind having a component of the traveling direction of the second lane (3).
- The structural object (7) for the road according to Claim 1, wherein
the first wall surface (11) contains a flat surface (11b) and a curved surface (11a) in order from the second lane (3) to the first lane (2), and
the second wall surface (12) contains a flat surface (12b) and a curved surface (12a) in order from the first lane (2) to the second lane (3). - The structural object (7) for the road according to Claim 1, wherein
the structural object (7) has a first curved plate (50) that is curved to be convex toward the traveling direction (3A) of the second lane (3) in a plan view, a flat plate (51) that is inclined toward the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2) in the plan view as it goes from the first lane (2) to the second lane (3), and a second curved plate (52) that is curved to be convex toward the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2) in the plan view, in order from the first lane (2) to the second lane (3), and is formed to be substantially S shaped in the plan view,
the first curved plate (50) and the flat plate (51) form the concave part of the first wall surface (11), and
the flat plate (51) and the second curved plate (52) form the concave part of the second wall surface (12). - The structural object (7) for the road according to Claim 3, wherein
the first curved plate (50), the flat plate (51), and the second curved plate (52) are formed integrally. - The structural object (7) for the road according to Claim 3, wherein
the first curved plate (50), the flat plate (51), and the second curved plate (52) are formed separately from one another,
the first curved plate (50) and the flat plate (51) are arranged separately,
the flat plate (51) and the second curved plate (52) are arranged separately,
the first curved plate (50) and the flat plate (51) partly overlap in this order in the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2), and
the flat plate (51) and the second curved plate (52) partly overlap in this order in the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2). - A road structure (1) comprising:the first lane (2);the second lane (3); anda plurality of structural objects (7) for the road according to any one of Claims 1 to 5 that are arranged between the first lane (2) and the second lane (3) at specified intervals along the first lane (2) or the second lane (3).
- The road structure (1) according to Claim 6, comprising:a median strip (4) between the first lane (2) and the second lane (3), whereinthe plurality of structural objects (7) for the road are mounted on the median strip (4).
- The road structure (1) according to Claim 6 or 7, further comprising:a vertical axis wind generator (15) placed between two adjacent ones of the plurality of structural objects (7) for the road.
- The road structure (1) according to any one of Claims 6 to 8, further comprising:a side wall (5) mounted on a side of the first lane (2) opposite to the side of the first lane (2) on which the second lane (3) is located, whereinthe side wall (5) has a plurality of inclined surfaces (30) arranged along the first lane (2), andeach of the inclined surfaces (30) is inclined toward the first lane (2) in the plan view as it goes to the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2).
- The road structure (1) according to Claim 9, wherein
the side wall (5) has a depression (31) between two adjacent ones of the inclined surfaces (30) in the traveling direction (2A) of the first lane (2).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015152585A JP6330752B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-07-31 | Road structure and road structure provided with the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3124699A1 true EP3124699A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
EP3124699B1 EP3124699B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
Family
ID=56321772
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16176892.4A Not-in-force EP3124699B1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2016-06-29 | Structural object for road and road structure having the same |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9777449B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3124699B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6330752B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106400705A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111335090A (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2020-06-26 | äøéå®åéå¢ęéå ¬åø | Municipal road and construction method thereof |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109322791A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-12 | äøåå¤§å¦ | Wind power generation type wind barrier for garage's bridge |
CN113652979B (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-09-23 | åęå»ŗēå¤§å¦ | Bridge construction is with adjustable windbreak |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3349674A (en) * | 1965-09-27 | 1967-10-31 | Eisen & Metall Ag | Headlight shielding devices |
US5181695A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-01-26 | Arthur W Eugene | Anti-glare shield system for highway median barriers |
US6149338A (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-11-21 | Anderson; John Derrick | Highway barrier |
BE1015244A3 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2004-12-07 | Heijmans Infrastructuur En Mil | Road with windshield plants. |
DE202008000852U1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-03-20 | Gƶvert, Arne | Verkehrsleitbarke with battery warning light |
JP2010163850A (en) | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-29 | Yasuo Ide | Windbreak wall and method of improving fuel economy of vehicle using windbreak wall |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2985976A (en) * | 1959-11-25 | 1961-05-30 | Wayne L Parker | Wind rotated attention arresting signal |
US3080937A (en) * | 1960-11-07 | 1963-03-12 | Garbell Res Foundation | Combined acoustic wall and exhaust gas deflector in operation of jet engines |
US3374763A (en) * | 1965-02-24 | 1968-03-26 | Francis A. Browning | Fluid operated flasher signal |
JPS5916539Y2 (en) * | 1980-05-29 | 1984-05-15 | ę„¢å“é č¹ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Anti-icing and wind shielding device for roads using wind power generation |
JPS5835695Y2 (en) * | 1980-08-20 | 1983-08-11 | ē©ę°“ęعčę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Anti-glare plate |
US4353179A (en) * | 1981-06-09 | 1982-10-12 | Jennings Hugh F | Rotatable sign |
JPS5885611U (en) * | 1982-04-30 | 1983-06-10 | ē©ę°“ęعčę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Anti-glare plate |
JPS6062525U (en) * | 1983-10-05 | 1985-05-01 | ćæććć³ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | side wall material |
USD342036S (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-12-07 | Rushing Hollis B | Glare paddle |
US5613799A (en) * | 1994-01-18 | 1997-03-25 | Guide; David | Rotating flash device and method |
US5953841A (en) * | 1996-12-27 | 1999-09-21 | Sawyer; Jeffrey C. | Wind driven rotatable display |
CN1058235C (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2000-11-08 | ę·±å³åøęč·Æå¾·å®äøåå±ęéå ¬åø | Corrugated antiglare shield |
JP2001263220A (en) * | 2000-03-22 | 2001-09-26 | Mitsuru Sakata | Glareproof plate device with wind power generator using glareproof plate itself as rotary windmill |
JP2002227136A (en) * | 2001-02-05 | 2002-08-14 | National Research Institute For Earth Science & Disaster Prevention Mext | Wind direction changing plate for road wind/snow fence |
JP3958622B2 (en) * | 2002-04-25 | 2007-08-15 | ē©ę°“ęعčę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Method and apparatus for collecting suspended particulate matter |
JP4225890B2 (en) * | 2003-12-26 | 2009-02-18 | ęéä¼ē¤¾ćµć³ććøćć¹ | Airflow control device |
JP4296981B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2009-07-15 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾å¤§ęēµ | Windbreak fence |
US7427173B2 (en) * | 2005-09-15 | 2008-09-23 | Taiming Chen | Power generation system utilizing wind draft from vehicular traffic |
US7566980B2 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2009-07-28 | Genedics Clean Energy, Llc | System and method for creating a geothermal roadway utility with alternative energy pumping system |
CN201553993U (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-08-18 | å¹æå·åå·„ē¾å·ē§ęč”份ęéå ¬åø | Glare-proof shield |
JP2010248959A (en) | 2009-04-14 | 2010-11-04 | Hideo Sumiyoshi | Method for power generation using force in wind of moving object such as pneumatic pressure power generation method electric train and automobile |
JP2011094399A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-12 | Murakami Shokai:Kk | Board and device for preventing dazzling-light |
JP2011099330A (en) | 2009-11-04 | 2011-05-19 | Noai Kk | Power supply method and device to electric facility on road |
CN201704643U (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2011-01-12 | éäøč£ | Wind power generation road warning unit |
-
2015
- 2015-07-31 JP JP2015152585A patent/JP6330752B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-06-22 US US15/189,278 patent/US9777449B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-06-29 EP EP16176892.4A patent/EP3124699B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2016-07-28 CN CN201610608753.XA patent/CN106400705A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3349674A (en) * | 1965-09-27 | 1967-10-31 | Eisen & Metall Ag | Headlight shielding devices |
US5181695A (en) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-01-26 | Arthur W Eugene | Anti-glare shield system for highway median barriers |
US6149338A (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-11-21 | Anderson; John Derrick | Highway barrier |
BE1015244A3 (en) * | 2001-12-10 | 2004-12-07 | Heijmans Infrastructuur En Mil | Road with windshield plants. |
DE202008000852U1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2008-03-20 | Gƶvert, Arne | Verkehrsleitbarke with battery warning light |
JP2010163850A (en) | 2009-01-19 | 2010-07-29 | Yasuo Ide | Windbreak wall and method of improving fuel economy of vehicle using windbreak wall |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111335090A (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2020-06-26 | äøéå®åéå¢ęéå ¬åø | Municipal road and construction method thereof |
CN111335090B (en) * | 2020-03-07 | 2021-12-17 | äøéå®åéå¢ęéå ¬åø | Municipal road and construction method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP6330752B2 (en) | 2018-05-30 |
US20170030037A1 (en) | 2017-02-02 |
CN106400705A (en) | 2017-02-15 |
US9777449B2 (en) | 2017-10-03 |
EP3124699B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
JP2017031666A (en) | 2017-02-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US11614068B2 (en) | Airfoil with a vortex generator pair | |
EP3124699B1 (en) | Structural object for road and road structure having the same | |
US9885340B2 (en) | Aerodynamic screen system | |
KR20210015857A (en) | Vertical shaft windmill and wind power generator and lighting equipment equipped with it | |
US9695801B1 (en) | Wind turbine | |
KR102284828B1 (en) | Dust Collector | |
US9090346B2 (en) | Wing structure and fairing device | |
US10400746B1 (en) | Wind turbine | |
JP2020105998A (en) | Vortex generator and windmill blade | |
CN205491619U (en) | Radiating fin | |
EP2896826A1 (en) | Windmill vane and wind power generation device provided with same | |
Lee et al. | Prediction of low-speed aerodynamic load and aeroacoustic noise around simplified panhead section model | |
JP5421498B1 (en) | Vertical axis windmill | |
JP2016070212A (en) | Low noise blade, and low noise blade device | |
JP2008063723A (en) | Snow protection fence and method for enhancing snow blowing effect thereof | |
CN211700298U (en) | Solar panel protection device, solar panel assembly and vehicle | |
KR20110019946A (en) | Windpower enhancing generating system installed on the roof of flat type apartment | |
JP5584741B2 (en) | Wind power generator | |
KR101344510B1 (en) | Road sign | |
JP7125267B2 (en) | side visor | |
KR20060089268A (en) | Under cover for vehicle | |
Conesa Fuentes | Aerodynamic performance investigation of the use of slotted airfoils as a passive boundary layer control method for wind turbine applications | |
JP2005133545A (en) | Building with wind turbine generator | |
KR20110131329A (en) | Using the blade, and it increased wind power generation wind turbines | |
JP2016205107A (en) | End countermeasure type snow protection fence |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20160629 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20170807 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20180504 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: TADAKUMA, KENJI |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 602016006414 Country of ref document: DE Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: REF Ref document number: 1054195 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20181115 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R084 Ref document number: 602016006414 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: FP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: 746 Effective date: 20181126 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: LT Ref legal event code: MG4D |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: AT Ref legal event code: MK05 Ref document number: 1054195 Country of ref document: AT Kind code of ref document: T Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190217 Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: LV Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: HR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: NO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190117 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190117 Ref country code: PL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: LT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190217 Ref country code: AL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20190118 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: RS Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20190515 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R097 Ref document number: 602016006414 Country of ref document: DE |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20190618 Year of fee payment: 4 Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20190630 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: SM Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20190510 Year of fee payment: 4 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20190516 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20190718 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190629 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190629 Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190630 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20190630 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 602016006414 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20200701 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20200629 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20200630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200629 Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200630 Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200701 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20210101 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO Effective date: 20160629 Ref country code: MT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20200629 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20181017 |