EP3124246A1 - Method for controlling or regulating a production process in printing facilities - Google Patents
Method for controlling or regulating a production process in printing facilities Download PDFInfo
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- EP3124246A1 EP3124246A1 EP16176610.0A EP16176610A EP3124246A1 EP 3124246 A1 EP3124246 A1 EP 3124246A1 EP 16176610 A EP16176610 A EP 16176610A EP 3124246 A1 EP3124246 A1 EP 3124246A1
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- code
- printing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/0036—Devices for scanning or checking the printed matter for quality control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F33/00—Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices
- B41F33/16—Programming systems for automatic control of sequence of operations
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling or regulating a production process in the production of printed products from a printing substrate with a number of printed pages in a printing system.
- a widespread method for controlling printed products and controlling the printing process is the application and detection of so-called print marks, via the positioning or design of which corresponding control commands for usually subsequent processing units of the printing press can be transferred.
- An expression of such print marks are, for example, contrast marks, which are used for the cut of the printing substrate and further processing. About the position of the first edge of these contrast marks the right time for a cut can be transferred to a cutting device, so that it can be set as desired.
- collection and stapling information for further processing can be stored and retrieved.
- contrast marks are so far applied in a print-free track, and can be detected by means of a contrast reader. So that there are essentially no restrictions in the coding of the collection and stapling information over the length of the contrast mark, such contrast marks are usually arranged in the edge region of the printing substrate. However, this leads to the fact that the printing material web must be made significantly wider than would be given by the actual printed image or end product. Furthermore, this border area with the contrast marks must be removed in an additional processing step. In contrast, only very few information and control commands can be stored in such contrast marks, so that the scope is very limited.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method in which a plurality of pressure information for the control or regulation of a production process in a printing system can be stored on the substrate and retrieved.
- the invention is based on the consideration that the amount of information can be increased by not only storing pressure information in one orientation over the position and length of the code, but also using the plane transversely thereto. For this reason, a 2D code is applied to the substrate containing the corresponding printing information.
- a 2D code is defined as a code which consists of lines of different widths or points and intervening gaps with the highest possible contrast.
- the data is not coded in one direction (one-dimensional), but in the form of an area over two dimensions.
- One form of 2D codes are the matrix codes (for example, the QR code, the DataMatrix code, the MaxiCode or the Aztec code), which have a two-dimensional matrix as their basic form.
- All information on the print job and on further processing and finishing of the printed products in the 2D code can be used as print information be deposited.
- the 2D code is embodied in an advantageous embodiment as a QR code or DataMatrix code.
- the 2D code is printed in a preferred embodiment in a print-free area of a leading or trailing edge of a printed page.
- the Spitbar which is anyway removed in a later step.
- Information and control commands for the cutting device can also be stored in the 2D code.
- additional print marks are provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment, which control the cutting device as the previously known contrast marks on the leading edge. It is advantageous in the combination of a 2D code with the already known contrast marks that these contrast marks do not have to provide any further information about their length, since this information can be stored in the 2D code. Therefore, the use of much shorter and possibly uniform print marks is possible.
- the position of the print mark is stored in the 2D code, so that the sensor device for the print mark can be specifically aimed at it. This has the further advantage that the print marks not in a special way for the detection as before pressure-free edge region must be arranged, but can also be arranged in the printed image or in other areas of the printing material.
- the information for positioning the print marks in relation to the position of the 2D code are stored in the 2D code, so that a corresponding sensor device can determine the position of the print marks based on the position of the 2D code.
- the print mark can be deposited in a preferred embodiment even in the 2D code, so as not to disturb the printed image and to spend any further steps in the removal of the print mark.
- the printing information in a particularly preferred embodiment is stored multiple times or in a redundant manner in the 2D code. So that the evaluation of an area of the 2D code, the entire stored in the 2D code pressure information of the evaluation are available.
- the 2D code is also evaluated in terms of print quality and these results used in the context of a rating on the print quality of the printed image.
- appropriate control commands can be given to the printing units.
- the print image can be controlled via the 2D code in the current printing and processing process and optionally regulated in order to obtain the highest possible print quality in the range of the printed image.
- the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that significantly more printing information can be stored by the extension to two-dimensional marks.
- These two-dimensional codes are much better suited to their surroundings so that they can be detected more easily and no longer need to keep a large unprinted area around these marks.
- An additional work step for the removal of 2D codes, as it was previously necessary for common contrast marks, is eliminated thereby.
- the material waste during production is also considerably reduced.
- the data is coded in the form of an area over two dimensions, which thus have a two-dimensional matrix as the basic form.
- 2D codes it is also possible to further increase the information density by using several gray levels or colors of the filled and thus occupied fields of the matrix and / or by using different shapes in the occupied fields.
- this would mean that the fields filled in black in the DataMatrix code would also be filled out in a different gray level or color.
- other shapes such as circles, triangles, or other shapes could also be used.
- a corresponding two-dimensional code would then be deposited only how the gray levels or colors and / or the shapes of the filled fields in the coding or decoding are to be evaluated.
- FIG. 1 A possible method for controlling or regulating a production process in the production of printed products from a printing substrate with a number of printed pages in a printing system is shown in the block diagram FIG. 1 shown.
- the printing units apply the 2D code and a contrast mark for substantially each signature individually to the printing substrate.
- the 2D code is printed in digital printing specifically in the Spitbar of the substrate, ie in the area that is usually used to clean the Pressure nozzles is used.
- the printing information stored in the 2D code is manifold and ranges from information on the current printing area to control information for the further and final processing of the printed product.
- the printing information also includes the relative position of the printed contrast mark to the 2D code. This has the advantage that the contrast mark can be found specifically by a contrast reader and therefore does not have to be arranged in a pressure-free environment or must be searched for.
- a position of the 2D code is determined within a first signature.
- a corresponding detection device is operated in the form of a camera in a search mode, which creates images in a kind of panoramic image over the entire width of the printing material.
- the recorded images are superimposed by at least one code size, so that at least one image contains the complete 2D code and this can therefore be completely recognized.
- the camera can be aligned to recognize and evaluate the following 2D codes.
- An evaluation unit evaluates in step 120 the 2D code detected by the camera with regard to the printing information and in particular also with regard to the positioning of the associated contrast mark of the same signature.
- the information for positioning the contrast mark is transferred to a control unit of a contrast reader, so that it can be positioned accordingly.
- the evaluation unit also evaluates the additional printing information and optionally sends further control and regulating signals to further units of the printing system for the production and processing of the printed product. It is likewise possible that the evaluation unit determines the print quality of the 2D code and transmits corresponding control signals to the printing units in order to increase the print quality.
- the contrast reader can recognize this particularly easily in method step 140 and initiate the method steps corresponding to the contrast mark. This may include in particular the triggering of the cutting process.
- the camera for detecting the 2D code after the first signature is in an operating mode in which, in addition to the readout of the printing information, the position of the 2D code is only controlled in order to detect changes in terms of the orientation of the contrast sensor. This is illustrated in method step 150.
- the determined data are then again, as already explained in method steps 130 and 140, evaluated for the next signature and further processed.
- FIG. 2 An apparatus for carrying out the method described above is in FIG. 2 shown.
- This 2D code 4 contains information about the current print job or its associated print page and for further processing of this print page. Furthermore, it contains information for positioning a contrast mark 6 in the form of coordinates x, y in relation to the position of the 2D code 4.
- a detection device 10 On a traverse 8, which is aligned transversely to the web running direction B and extends over the entire width of the printing substrate, a detection device 10 is arranged in the form of a camera and a contrast sensor 12 in the form of a contrast reader.
- the detection device 10 is designed to detect the entire width of the printing material 1 in a panorama mode and thus to determine the position of the 2D code 4.
- the detection device sends the image of the detected 2D code 4 to an evaluation unit, not shown, which determines the corresponding printing information from the 2D code 4 and in particular also the positioning of the contrast mark 6. These determined coordinates for the contrast mark 6 are forwarded to the evaluation unit together with corresponding control commands for positioning the contrast sensor 12 thereon.
- the contrast sensor 12 can then find in a particularly simple and secure manner, the contrast mark 6 and the rising edge of the contrast mark 6 and the due to the knowledge of the position of the contrast mark 6 and the inclusion of further information in the 2D code, the contrast mark 6 can not only be kept very small , it can also be hidden in print area 2. Alternatively, however, an arrangement of the contrast mark 6 in the area between the pressure areas 2 is conceivable.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
- Accessory Devices And Overall Control Thereof (AREA)
- Inking, Control Or Cleaning Of Printing Machines (AREA)
Abstract
In einem Verfahren zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung eines Produktionsprozesses bei der Herstellung von Druckprodukten aus einem Bedruckstoff mit einer Anzahl von Druckseiten in einer Druckanlage sollen eine Vielzahl von Druckinformationen für die Steuerung bzw. Regelung eines Produktionsprozesses auf dem Bedruckstoff hinterlegt werden können. Dazu umfasst das Verfahren folgende Schritte: a. Drucken eines 2D-Codes, insbesondere eines Matrix-Codes, mit darin enthaltenen Druckinformationen für die Steuerung bzw. Regelung des Produktionsprozesses auf den Bedruckstoff, b. Erfassen des 2D-Codes mittels einer Erfassungseinrichtung, c. Auswertung der im 2D-Code enthaltenen Druckinformationen mittels einer Auswerteeinheit, d. Ausführen der Steuer-bzw. Regelaktionen auf Basis der ermittelten Druckinformationen durch die Druckanlage.In a method for controlling or regulating a production process in the production of printed products from a printing material having a number of printed pages in a printing system, a large number of printing information for the control or regulation of a production process can be stored on the printing substrate. For this purpose, the method comprises the following steps: a. Printing a 2D code, in particular a matrix code, with printing information contained therein for controlling or regulating the production process on the printing substrate, b. Detecting the 2D code by means of a detection device, c. Evaluation of the pressure information contained in the 2D code by means of an evaluation unit, d. Execute the tax or Control actions based on the determined pressure information by the printing system.
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung eines Produktionsprozesses bei der Herstellung von Druckprodukten aus einem Bedruckstoff mit einer Anzahl von Druckseiten in einer Druckanlage.The invention relates to a method for controlling or regulating a production process in the production of printed products from a printing substrate with a number of printed pages in a printing system.
Ein weitverbreitetes Verfahren zur Kontrolle von Druckprodukten und Steuerung des Druckvorganges ist das Aufbringen und Detektieren von sogenannten Druckmarken, über deren Positionierung oder Ausgestaltung entsprechende Steuerbefehle für üblicherweise nachfolgende Bearbeitungseinheiten der Druckanlage übergeben werden können. Eine Ausprägung derartiger Druckmarken sind beispielsweise Kontrastmarken, die für den Schnitt des Bedruckstoffs und die weitere Verarbeitung verwendet werden. Über die Position der ersten Flanke dieser Kontrastmarken kann der richtige Zeitpunkt für einen Schnitt an eine Schneidvorrichtung übergeben werden, so dass dieser wunschgemäß angesetzt werden kann. Weiterhin sind über die Länge der Kontrastmarken in Laufrichtung des Bedruckstoffs eine Codierung von ein paar wenigen, weiteren Informationen möglich, über die beispielsweise Sammel- und Heftinformationen für die weitere Verarbeitung hinterlegt und abgerufen werden können.A widespread method for controlling printed products and controlling the printing process is the application and detection of so-called print marks, via the positioning or design of which corresponding control commands for usually subsequent processing units of the printing press can be transferred. An expression of such print marks are, for example, contrast marks, which are used for the cut of the printing substrate and further processing. About the position of the first edge of these contrast marks the right time for a cut can be transferred to a cutting device, so that it can be set as desired. Furthermore, over the length of the contrast marks in the direction of the substrate encoding of a few further information is possible, on the example, collection and stapling information for further processing can be stored and retrieved.
Für die freie Detektion derartiger Kontrastmarken über entsprechende Sensoreinrichtungen ist es allerdings notwendig, dass sich diese Kontrastmarken optisch deutlich von der Umgebung abheben. Diese Kontrastmarken werden daher bislang in einer druckfreien Spur aufgetragen, und können so mittels eines Kontrastlesers detektiert werden. Damit sich im Wesentlichen keine Einschränkungen in der Codierung der Sammel- und Heftinformationen über die Länge der Kontrastmarke ergeben, sind derartige Kontrastmarken üblicherweise im Randbereich des Bedruckstoffs angeordnet. Dies führt allerdings dazu, dass die Bedruckstoffbahn deutlich breiter ausgeführt sein muss, als durch das eigentliche Druckbild bzw. Endprodukt vorgegeben wäre. Weiterhin muss dieser Randbereich mit den Kontrastmarken in einem zusätzlichen Bearbeitungsschritt entfernt werden. In derartigen Kontrastmarken können zudem nur sehr wenige Informationen und Steuerbefehle hinterlegt werden, sodass der Anwendungsbereich sehr beschränkt ist.However, for the free detection of such contrast marks via corresponding sensor devices, it is necessary for these contrast marks to stand out clearly visually from the surroundings. Therefore, these contrast marks are so far applied in a print-free track, and can be detected by means of a contrast reader. So that there are essentially no restrictions in the coding of the collection and stapling information over the length of the contrast mark, such contrast marks are usually arranged in the edge region of the printing substrate. However, this leads to the fact that the printing material web must be made significantly wider than would be given by the actual printed image or end product. Furthermore, this border area with the contrast marks must be removed in an additional processing step. In contrast, only very few information and control commands can be stored in such contrast marks, so that the scope is very limited.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren anzugeben, in der eine Vielzahl von Druckinformationen für die Steuerung bzw. Regelung eines Produktionsprozesses in einer Druckanlage auf dem Bedruckstoff hinterlegt und abgerufen werden können.The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method in which a plurality of pressure information for the control or regulation of a production process in a printing system can be stored on the substrate and retrieved.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß erfüllt, indem das Verfahren folgende Schritte umfasst:
- a. Drucken eines 2D-Codes, insbesondere eines Matrix-Codes, mit darin enthaltenen Druckinformationen für die Steuerung bzw. Regelung des Produktionsprozesses auf den Bedruckstoff,
- b. Erfassen des 2D-codes mittels einer Erfassungseinrichtung,
- c. Auswertung der im 2D-Code enthaltenen Druckinformationen mittels einer Auswerteeinheit,
- d. Ausführen der Steuer-bzw. Regelaktionen auf Basis der ermittelten Druckinformationen durch die Druckanlage.
- a. Printing a 2D code, in particular a matrix code, with printing information contained therein for controlling or regulating the production process on the printing substrate,
- b. Detecting the 2D-code by means of a detection device,
- c. Evaluation of the pressure information contained in the 2D code by means of an evaluation unit,
- d. Execute the tax or Control actions based on the determined pressure information by the printing system.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Die Erfindung geht dabei von der Überlegung aus, dass die Menge der Informationen dadurch gesteigert werden kann, dass nicht nur in einer Ausrichtung über die Position und Länge des Codes Druckinformationen abgelegt werden, sondern auch die Ebene quer hierzu genutzt wird. Aus diesem Grund wird ein 2D-Code auf den Bedruckstoff aufgetragen, der die entsprechenden Druckinformationen enthält. Als 2D-Code wird dabei ein Code bezeichnet, der aus verschieden breiten Strichen oder Punkten und dazwischen liegenden Lücken mit möglichst hohem Kontrast besteht. Im Gegensatz zu den eindimensionalen Strichcodes sind die Daten nicht nur in einer Richtung (eindimensional) codiert, sondern in Form einer Fläche über zwei Dimensionen. Eine Form von 2D-Codes sind die Matrix-Codes (beispielsweise der QR-Code, der DataMatrix-Code, der MaxiCode oder der Aztec-Code), die eine zweidimensionale Matrix als Grundform haben.The invention is based on the consideration that the amount of information can be increased by not only storing pressure information in one orientation over the position and length of the code, but also using the plane transversely thereto. For this reason, a 2D code is applied to the substrate containing the corresponding printing information. A 2D code is defined as a code which consists of lines of different widths or points and intervening gaps with the highest possible contrast. In contrast to the one-dimensional bar codes, the data is not coded in one direction (one-dimensional), but in the form of an area over two dimensions. One form of 2D codes are the matrix codes (for example, the QR code, the DataMatrix code, the MaxiCode or the Aztec code), which have a two-dimensional matrix as their basic form.
Als Druckinformationen können dabei alle Informationen zum Druckauftrag und zur weiteren Verarbeitung und Endverarbeitung der Druckprodukte in den 2D-Code hinterlegt werden. Insbesondere ist es möglich in den 2D-Code Informationen zu der Positionierung der Druckbilder, zur Reihenfolge der Druckbilder- bzw. Druckseiten, zur Falz- und Schnittreihenfolge aufzunehmen.All information on the print job and on further processing and finishing of the printed products in the 2D code can be used as print information be deposited. In particular, it is possible to include in the 2D code information on the positioning of the printed images, the order of the printed image or printed pages, the folding and cutting order.
Um besonders hohe Anforderungen an die Prozesssicherheit erfüllen zu können und auch um eine besonders gute Lesbarkeit des 2D-Codes trotz Beschädigung oder ungenauem Druckbild zu ermöglichen, ist in vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung der 2D-Code als QR-Code oder DataMatrix-Code ausgeführt. Mit diesen beiden Code-Formen kann einerseits eine besonders hohe Informationsdichte und andererseits eine besonders hohe Fehlerkorrektur der Druckinformationen erreicht werden.In order to be able to fulfill particularly high demands on the process reliability and also to enable a particularly good readability of the 2D code despite damage or inaccurate print image, the 2D code is embodied in an advantageous embodiment as a QR code or DataMatrix code. With these two code forms, on the one hand, a particularly high information density and, on the other hand, a particularly high error correction of the printing information can be achieved.
Während man bei der Verwendung von klassischen Kontrastmarken zur Steuerung der Schneidvorrichtung aufgrund der Detektionsmöglichkeiten und der Informationsaufnahme über die Länge der Kontrastmarke noch auf die Positionierung im Randbereich angewiesen war, bieten sich durch die Aufnahme von mehreren Druckinformationen in den 2D-Code vielfältigere Möglichkeiten. Um einen zusätzlichen Randbereich für die Druckmarken zu vermeiden, wird der 2D-Code in bevorzugter Ausführung in einem druckfreien Bereich einer vorlaufenden oder nachlaufenden Kante einer Druckseite gedruckt. Hierbei bietet sich insbesondere im Digitaldruck die Spitbar an, die ohnehin in einem späteren Arbeitsschritt entfernt wird.While the use of classical contrast marks for controlling the cutting device was still dependent on the positioning in the edge area due to the detection possibilities and the information recording over the length of the contrast mark, the inclusion of multiple printing information in the 2D code offers a variety of possibilities. In order to avoid an additional border area for the print marks, the 2D code is printed in a preferred embodiment in a print-free area of a leading or trailing edge of a printed page. Here, especially in digital printing, the Spitbar, which is anyway removed in a later step.
Informationen und Steuerbefehle für die Schneidvorrichtung können ebenfalls im 2D-Code hinterlegt werden. Für einen besonders genauen Schnitt sind in besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung zusätzliche Druckmarken vorgesehen, die wie die bislang bekannten Kontrastmarken über die vorlaufende Flanke die Schneidvorrichtung steuern. Vorteilhaft in der Kombination eines 2D-Codes mit den bereits bekannten Kontrastmarken ist dabei, dass diese Kontrastmarken keine weiteren Informationen über ihre Länge bereitstellen müssen, da diese Informationen in dem 2D-Code hinterlegt werden können. Daher ist die Verwendung von wesentlich kürzeren und möglicherweise einheitlichen Druckmarken möglich. In vorteilhafter Ausführung ist dabei die Position der Druckmarke in dem 2D-Code hinterlegt, sodass die Sensoreinrichtung für die Druckmarke gezielt darauf ausgerichtet werden kann. Dies hat den weiteren Vorteil, dass die Druckmarken nicht wie bisher in einem eigens für die Detektion druckfrei gehaltenen Randbereich angeordnet werden müssen, sondern auch im Druckbild oder in anderen Bereichen des Bedruckstoffes angeordnet sein können.Information and control commands for the cutting device can also be stored in the 2D code. For a particularly accurate cut additional print marks are provided in a particularly advantageous embodiment, which control the cutting device as the previously known contrast marks on the leading edge. It is advantageous in the combination of a 2D code with the already known contrast marks that these contrast marks do not have to provide any further information about their length, since this information can be stored in the 2D code. Therefore, the use of much shorter and possibly uniform print marks is possible. In an advantageous embodiment, the position of the print mark is stored in the 2D code, so that the sensor device for the print mark can be specifically aimed at it. This has the further advantage that the print marks not in a special way for the detection as before pressure-free edge region must be arranged, but can also be arranged in the printed image or in other areas of the printing material.
In vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung sind dabei die Angaben zur Positionierung der Druckmarken in Relation zur Position des 2D-Codes im 2D-Code hinterlegt, sodass eine entsprechende Sensoreinrichtung ausgehend von der Lage des 2D-Codes die Position der Druckmarken bestimmen kann. Die Druckmarke kann dabei in bevorzugter Ausführung sogar im 2D-Code hinterlegt werden, um das Druckbild nicht zu stören und keine weiteren Arbeitsschritte bei der Entfernung der Druckmarke aufwenden zu müssen.In an advantageous embodiment, the information for positioning the print marks in relation to the position of the 2D code are stored in the 2D code, so that a corresponding sensor device can determine the position of the print marks based on the position of the 2D code. The print mark can be deposited in a preferred embodiment even in the 2D code, so as not to disturb the printed image and to spend any further steps in the removal of the print mark.
Zur Rekonstruktion des 2D-Codes bei Beschädigungen, Druckfehlern oder ungenauem Druckbild durch die Auswerteeinheit werden im 2D-Code die Druckinformationen in besonders bevorzugter Ausführung mehrfach bzw. in redundanter Weise hinterlegt. Sodass durch die Auswertung eines Bereiches des 2D-Codes die gesamten im 2D-Code hinterlegten Druckinformationen der Auswerteeinheit zur Verfügung stehen.To reconstruct the 2D code in the event of damage, printing errors or inaccurate print image by the evaluation unit, the printing information in a particularly preferred embodiment is stored multiple times or in a redundant manner in the 2D code. So that the evaluation of an area of the 2D code, the entire stored in the 2D code pressure information of the evaluation are available.
In besonders vorteilhafter Ausgestaltung wird der 2D-Code auch hinsichtlich der Druckqualität ausgewertet und diese Ergebnisse im Rahmen einer Bewertung über die Druckqualität des Druckbildes verwendet. Dadurch können entsprechende Regelbefehle an die Druckeinheiten gegeben werden. So kann das Druckbild über den 2D-Code im laufenden Druck- und Verarbeitungsprozess kontrolliert und gegebenenfalls geregelt werden, um eine möglichst hohe Druckqualität im Bereich des Druckbildes zu erhalten.In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the 2D code is also evaluated in terms of print quality and these results used in the context of a rating on the print quality of the printed image. As a result, appropriate control commands can be given to the printing units. Thus, the print image can be controlled via the 2D code in the current printing and processing process and optionally regulated in order to obtain the highest possible print quality in the range of the printed image.
Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, dass durch die Erweiterung auf zweidimensionale Marken wesentlich mehr Druckinformationen hinterlegt werden können. Diese zweidimensionalen Codes setzen sich dabei wesentlich besser von ihrem Umfeld ab, sodass diese einfacher detektiert werden können und nicht mehr ein großer nichtbedruckter Bereich um diese Marken freigehalten werden muss. Dadurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit diese 2D-Codes im Digitaldruck auch im Bereich der Spitbar anzuordnen, die ohnehin im Laufe des weiteren Verarbeitungsprozesses entfernt wird. Ein zusätzlicher Arbeitsschritt für die Entfernung der 2D-Codes, wie er bisher bei gängigen Kontrastmarken nötig war, entfällt dadurch. Der Materialausschuss bei der Produktion wird dadurch ebenfalls erheblich reduziert. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit durch die Verwendung von mehreren Graustufen im 2D-Code die Informationsdichte weiter zu erhöhen.The advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that significantly more printing information can be stored by the extension to two-dimensional marks. These two-dimensional codes are much better suited to their surroundings so that they can be detected more easily and no longer need to keep a large unprinted area around these marks. This results in the possibility of arranging these 2D codes in digital printing also in the area of the spitbar, which is removed anyway in the course of the further processing process. An additional work step for the removal of 2D codes, as it was previously necessary for common contrast marks, is eliminated thereby. The material waste during production is also considerably reduced. There is also the possibility of further increasing the information density by using several gray levels in the 2D code.
In den 2D-Codes sind die Daten in Form einer Fläche über zwei Dimensionen codiert, die somit eine zweidimensionale Matrix als Grundform haben. Ferner besteht bei derartigen zweidimensionalen Codes (2D-Codes) auch die Möglichkeit, die Informationsdichte durch die Verwendung von mehreren Graustufen oder Farben der ausgefüllten und somit belegten Felder der Matrix und/oder durch Verwendung unterschiedlicher Formen in den belegten Feldern weiter zu erhöhen. Am Beispiel eines DataMatrix-Codes würde dies bedeuten, dass die im DataMatrix-Code schwarz ausgefüllten Felder auch in einer anderen Graustufe oder Farbe ausgefüllt würden. Auch könnten anstelle oder in Ergänzung zu den im DataMatrix-Code bislang schwarz ausgefüllten Quadraten der ausgefüllten Felder auch andere Formen wie beispielsweise Kreise, Dreiecke oder sonstige Formen verwendet werden. In einem entsprechenden zweidimensionalen Code müsste dann lediglich hinterlegt sein, wie die Graustufen oder Farben und/oder die Formen der befüllten Felder in der Codierung oder Decodierung zu werten sind.In the 2D codes, the data is coded in the form of an area over two dimensions, which thus have a two-dimensional matrix as the basic form. Furthermore, with such two-dimensional codes (2D codes) it is also possible to further increase the information density by using several gray levels or colors of the filled and thus occupied fields of the matrix and / or by using different shapes in the occupied fields. Using the example of a DataMatrix code, this would mean that the fields filled in black in the DataMatrix code would also be filled out in a different gray level or color. Also, instead of or in addition to the squares of the filled fields previously filled in the DataMatrix code, other shapes such as circles, triangles, or other shapes could also be used. In a corresponding two-dimensional code would then be deposited only how the gray levels or colors and / or the shapes of the filled fields in the coding or decoding are to be evaluated.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird anhand einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Darin zeigen:
Figur 1- ein Blockdiagramm der einzelnen Verfahrensschritte,
Figur 2- einen schematischen Aufbau einer Druckanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.
- FIG. 1
- a block diagram of the individual process steps,
- FIG. 2
- a schematic structure of a printing system for carrying out the method.
Ein mögliches Verfahren zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung eines Produktionsprozesses bei der Herstellung von Druckprodukten aus einem Bedruckstoff mit einer Anzahl von Druckseiten in einer Druckanlage ist im Blockdiagramm nach
In einem ersten Verfahrensschritt 100 werden durch die Druckeinheiten der 2D-Code und eine Kontrastmarke für im Wesentlichen jede Signatur einzeln auf den Bedruckstoff aufgetragen. Der 2D-Code wird dabei im Digitaldruck gezielt in die Spitbar des Bedruckstoffs gedruckt, also in den Bereich, der üblicherweise zur Reinigung der Druckdüsen verwendet wird. Die im 2D-Code hinterlegten Druckinformationen sind dabei vielfältig und reichen von Informationen zum aktuellen Druckbereich bis hin zu Steuerinformationen für die Weiter- und Endverarbeitung des Druckproduktes. Zusätzlich umfassen die Druckinformationen aber auch die relative Lage der gedruckten Kontrastmarke zu dem 2D-Code. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass die Kontrastmarke gezielt durch einen Kontrastleser gefunden werden kann und sie daher nicht in einer druckfreien Umgebung angeordnet sein muss bzw. gesucht werden muss.In a
In einem nächsten Verfahrensschritt 110 wird die Position des 2D-Code innerhalb einer ersten Signatur bestimmt. Dazu wird eine entsprechende Erfassungseinrichtung in Form einer Kamera in einem Suchlauf-Modus betrieben, die in einer Art Panoramaaufnahme Bilder über die gesamte Breite des Bedruckstoffs erstellt. Die aufgenommenen Bilder überlagern sich dabei um mindestens eine Codegröße, sodass mindestens ein Bild den kompletten 2D-Code enthält und dieser somit vollständig erkannt werden kann. Auf Basis dieses gefundenen ersten 2D-Codes kann die Kamera zur Erkennung und Auswertung der folgenden 2D-Codes ausgerichtet werden.In a
Eine Auswerteeinheit wertet im Verfahrensschritt 120 den durch die Kamera detektierten 2D-Code hinsichtlich der Druckinformationen und insbesondere auch hinsichtlich der Positionierung der zugeordneten Kontrastmarke derselben Signatur aus. Die Informationen zur Positionierung der Kontrastmarke werden an eine Steuereinheit eines Kontrastlesers übergeben, sodass dieser entsprechend positioniert werden kann.An evaluation unit evaluates in
Die Auswerteeinheit wertet in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt 130 auch die zusätzlichen Druckinformationen aus und sendet gegebenenfalls weitere Steuer- und Regelsignale an weitere Einheiten der Druckanlage zur Herstellung und Verarbeitung des Druckproduktes. Es ist ebenfalls möglich, dass die Auswerteeinheit die Druckqualität des 2D-Codes bestimmt und entsprechende Regelsignale an die Druckeinheiten übergibt, um die Druckqualität zu erhöhen.In a
Der Kontrastleser kann in Kenntnis der Position der Kontrastmarke diese besonders leicht im Verfahrensschritt 140 erkennen und die zur Kontrastmarke korrespondierenden Verfahrensschritte initiieren. Dazu kann insbesondere die Triggerung des Schneidvorgangs zählen.Knowing the position of the contrast mark, the contrast reader can recognize this particularly easily in
Da die Positionierung des 2D-Codes innerhalb einer Signatur bereits durch den Verfahrensschritt 110 im Wesentlichen bekannt ist, ist die Kamera zur Detektion des 2D-Codes nach der ersten Signatur in einem Betriebsmodus, in dem neben dem Auslesen der Druckinformationen die Position des 2D-Codes nur noch kontrolliert wird, um Veränderungen auch in Hinblick auf die Ausrichtung des Kontrastsensors feststellen zu können. Dies wird in Verfahrensschritt 150 dargestellt.Since the positioning of the 2D code within a signature is already essentially known by
Die ermittelten Daten werden dann wieder, wie in Verfahrensschritt 130 und 140 bereits erläutert, für die nächste Signatur ausgewertet und weiter verarbeitet.The determined data are then again, as already explained in method steps 130 and 140, evaluated for the next signature and further processed.
Eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des oben beschriebenen Verfahrens ist in
An einer Traverse 8, die quer zur Bahnlaufrichtung B ausgerichtet ist und über die gesamte Breite der Bedruckstoffbahn verläuft, ist eine Erfassungseinrichtung 10 in Form einer Kamera und ein Kontrastsensor 12 in Form eines Kontrastlesers angeordnet. Die Erfassungseinrichtung 10 ist dazu ausgebildet in einem Panoramamodus die gesamte Breite des Bedruckstoffs 1 zu erfassen und so die Position des 2D-Codes 4 zu bestimmen. Die Erfassungseinrichtung sendet das Bild des detektierten 2D-Codes 4 an eine nicht dargestellte Auswerteeinheit, die aus dem 2D-Code 4 die entsprechenden Druckinformationen und insbesondere auch die Positionierung der Kontrastmarke 6 ermittelt. Diese ermittelten Koordinaten für die Kontrastmarke 6 leitet die Auswerteeinheit zusammen mit entsprechenden Steuerbefehlen zur Positionierung des Kontrastsensors 12 an diesen weiter. Der Kontrastsensor 12 kann daraufhin auf besonders einfache und sichere Art und Weise die Kontrastmarke 6 bzw. die steigende Flanke der Kontrastmarke 6 finden und die entsprechende Triggerung von Steuerbefehlen auf Basis der Kontrastmarke 6 veranlassen, wie beispielsweise den Querschnitt durch die Schneidvorrichtung 14. Aufgrund der Kenntnis der Position der Kontrastmarke 6 und der Aufnahme von weiteren Informationen in de 2D-Code, kann die Kontrastmarke 6 nicht nur sehr klein gehalten werden, sie kann auch im Druckbereich 2 versteckt werden. Alternativ ist aber auch eine Anordnung der Kontrastmarke 6 im Bereich zwischen den Druckbereichen 2 denkbar.On a traverse 8, which is aligned transversely to the web running direction B and extends over the entire width of the printing substrate, a
- 11
- Bedruckstoffbahnprinting material
- 22
- Druckbereichpressure range
- 44
- 2D-Code2D code
- 66
- Kontrastmarkecontrast mark
- 88th
- Traversetraverse
- 1010
- Erfassungseinrichtungdetector
- 1212
- Kontrastsensorcontrast sensor
- 1414
- Schneidvorrichtungcutter
- x, yx, y
- Koordinatencoordinates
- BB
- BahnlaufrichtungWeb direction
- 100100
- Verfahrensschrittstep
- 110110
- Verfahrensschrittstep
- 120120
- Verfahrensschrittstep
- 130130
- Verfahrensschrittstep
- 140140
- Verfahrensschrittstep
- 150150
- Verfahrensschrittstep
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DE102007050691A1 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-04-30 | Hochschule Mannheim | Print product e.g. print substrate, characteristics detecting method, involves decoding data after opto-electronic detection of design, and using decoded data for characterization of individual printed design and/or printing process |
DE102009012436A1 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-23 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Method for checking of color components printed on paper web in e.g. high-performance electrographic printer for producing multi-color images, involves detecting mapping of binary symbols with coded data by sensor arrangement |
DE102012023391A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for quality control of printed product e.g. paper, involves ejecting identification of bad print image and printing printed image and individual coding in front of paper/foil web for performing image inspection |
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DE10123406A1 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2002-11-21 | Sick Ag | Detecting two-dimensional codes involves detecting unreliable image areas whose gray values are close to binarization threshold for particularly attention during error correction process |
DE10317187B4 (en) * | 2002-05-31 | 2017-05-24 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Automatic transfer of data from prepress to press |
EP1380982A1 (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2004-01-14 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Method and device for coding articles |
EP2481585B1 (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2015-12-16 | Müller Martini Holding AG | Method and device for processing a sheet of a printing material into printed products |
DE102014210690A1 (en) * | 2014-06-05 | 2015-12-17 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for identifying print control elements for quality data acquisition |
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DE102007050691A1 (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2008-04-30 | Hochschule Mannheim | Print product e.g. print substrate, characteristics detecting method, involves decoding data after opto-electronic detection of design, and using decoded data for characterization of individual printed design and/or printing process |
DE102009012436A1 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-23 | OCé PRINTING SYSTEMS GMBH | Method for checking of color components printed on paper web in e.g. high-performance electrographic printer for producing multi-color images, involves detecting mapping of binary symbols with coded data by sensor arrangement |
DE102012023391A1 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-05 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Method for quality control of printed product e.g. paper, involves ejecting identification of bad print image and printing printed image and individual coding in front of paper/foil web for performing image inspection |
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