EP3122951B1 - Pneumatic control valve for sanitary device - Google Patents
Pneumatic control valve for sanitary device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3122951B1 EP3122951B1 EP15714447.8A EP15714447A EP3122951B1 EP 3122951 B1 EP3122951 B1 EP 3122951B1 EP 15714447 A EP15714447 A EP 15714447A EP 3122951 B1 EP3122951 B1 EP 3122951B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- vacuum
- valve plunger
- housing
- compressed air
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005292 diamagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F1/00—Methods, systems, or installations for draining-off sewage or storm water
- E03F1/006—Pneumatic sewage disposal systems; accessories specially adapted therefore
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
- E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
- E03D5/02—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor
- E03D5/09—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor directly by the hand
Definitions
- the invention relates to a control valve device for a control of a sanitary device, comprising a valve housing with a vacuum chamber which communicates with a first vacuum line connection for connection of a vacuum line, an intermediate chamber which communicates with a second vacuum line connection for connection to a second vacuum line, and a Regentikkamer which communicates with the environment by means of a vent opening a relatively movable to the housing valve stem having a manually operable actuator at a first end, a first, cooperating with the housing and the valve stem seal in a first position of the valve stem to Housing seals the vacuum chamber relative to the intermediate chamber and in a second position of the valve stem to the housing releases a connection between the vacuum chamber and the intermediate chamber, a second, with the Geh use and the valve tappet cooperating seal to the housing releases in a first position of the valve stem, a connection between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber and the housing the intermediate chamber seal in the second position of the valve stem relative to the ambient pressure chamber.
- Valve control devices of this type are used to control sanitary facilities that require vacuum-activated fresh water, rinse water or sewage pumping. In such sanitary facilities often water is conveyed out by means of compressed air from a container or pulled into a container by means of a vacuum.
- a timed combination in which first a flushing water is conveyed out by means of compressed air from a rinse tank, then a waste water amount, which may include this amount of flushing water, transported by means of a vacuum in a wastewater tank or an upstream intermediate tank, wherein in the case of an upstream intermediate container often still follows a transport of the wastewater from the intermediate container into the waste water tank, which in turn can be effected for example by means of compressed air.
- fresh water must be transported out of a fresh water tank by means of compressed air to supply, for example, a hand basin with water and the wastewater are removed from the hand basin by means of a vacuum again.
- such control processes can be controlled by a vacuum source and compressed air source are provided and from this vacuum source and this compressed air source by controlling electrically operated valve units with a corresponding electronic control unit at certain intervals, the compressed air and the vacuum of such kind on storage tank, intermediate tank or wastewater container is given up in that the desired conveying effects for the fresh water, the rinsing water or the wastewater are thereby achieved.
- a disadvantage of such solutions is that for the operation of such a control device both compressed air and vacuum and electrical energy must be available. As a result, the connection of such a sanitary device is complicated, which is particularly disadvantageous is when the sanitary device is to be installed on board vehicles such as rail vehicles.
- EP 0826838 A2 is a vacuum valve control for a Vakuumabsaugsystem known.
- wastewater is sucked out of a sewage basin through a suction pipe and this suction pipe is selectively blocked or opened by a vacuum valve.
- the vacuum valve is normally spring loaded in the closed position. A vacuum is applied to the vacuum valve to open it. This negative pressure is controlled by a control unit as a function of the pressure conditions in the intake pipe and the liquid level in the wastewater basin.
- Out DE 19633178 is a controller for a vacuum operable suction and / or water valve known.
- a valve via a Control knob actuated, which valve has a valve piston which is adjustable by means of a in a housing in which the control knob is slidably disposed, the membrane which separates a first from a second chamber.
- the first chamber is connected to a vacuum source and the diaphragm acts in the direction of the second chamber, a spring element.
- a vacuum valve with a housing and a valve element arranged therein is known.
- a first piston is coupled to this valve element and is urged by a spring element into a closed position of the valve.
- the first piston is exposed to a pressure generated by an increase in a level of fluid within a fluid reservoir and forced by that pressure to a second, open position.
- the invention has for its object to provide such a control unit, with both the installation and the operation of such a sanitary device can be simplified.
- valve control device of the type described above, in which a coupled to the valve tappet compressed air valve unit with a valve body which blocks in the first position of the valve stem to the housing a compressed air input to a compressed air outlet, and in the second position of the valve stem to the housing provides a connection between the compressed air inlet to the compressed air outlet, is provided.
- control valve device With the control valve device according to the invention, a control device is provided, which can be installed in a simpler manner and can control the processes of a sanitary device. At the same time, a robust control device is provided with the valve control device according to the invention.
- the control valve device according to the invention is improved in particular with regard to its connection interface with respect to the previously known control devices and is designed to control the transport of fresh water, rinse water and / or wastewater in a sanitary device. In this case, the transport of the fresh water or rinse water or wastewater can take place both by means of compressed air and by means of a vacuum in the sanitary device. According to the invention, only one compressed air source is required for this control by means of the control valve device.
- the control valve device according to the invention can therefore dispense with an external vacuum pressure air source for controlling the process as well as electrical energy or electronic control devices. Instead controls the control valve device according to the invention, if a vacuum is required for the operations, starting from a compressed air source to a compressed air operated vacuum device and controls in dependence of the one hand, provided compressed air and the other hand, generated by the vacuum the operation of the sanitary device in full.
- the control valve device has a valve housing, which is basically subdivided into three chambers. These chambers are separated from each other by first and second seals, said first and second seals being opened and closed in a specific manner by movement of a valve lifter relative to the housing.
- the valve stem is still adapted to actuate a compressed air valve unit by this compressed air valve unit is closed in the first position of the valve stem and is open in the second position of the valve stem.
- the valve stem can be manually operated by a user of the control valve device, which can be done for example by direct application of force to an actuating surface on the valve stem, for example, designed as a push button actuating surface, but also can be done indirectly via actuation mechanisms or actuators.
- the compressed air valve unit is opened directly, thus allowing a compressed air supply from the compressed air source.
- This compressed air supply can be used directly for the transport of fresh / rinsing or waste water.
- the compressed air can furthermore be used to pressurize an ejector device with compressed air and to generate a vacuum therein, for example by means of the Venturi effect.
- a directly or indirectly generated as a result of the application of compressed air vacuum can then be supplied to the control valve device according to the invention and introduced via the first vacuum line connection in the vacuum chamber from which it acts directly in the intermediate chamber in the second position of the valve stem. Due to the sealing by the second seal between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber in the second position, this creates a force acting on the valve stem force by the pressure difference between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber, which becomes higher, the stronger the vacuum in the intermediate chamber. As a result of this force build-up, when a predetermined vacuum is exceeded, the valve tappet is moved back out of the second position into the first position, thereby interrupting the supply of compressed air by means of the compressed-air valve unit.
- the control valve device also makes it possible to forward the introduced into the pressure chamber vacuum in the first position to the second vacuum line connection in the intermediate chamber and thereby control, for example, a timing device.
- This passage is in the first position when the first seal the vacuum chamber of the intermediate chamber seals, so that ventilation on the side of the vacuum chamber or the intermediate chamber does not reduce the vacuum on the other side.
- the first and second seals provided in the control valve device according to the invention may be designed such that a surface pressure is exerted directly on the seal by a pressure difference which acts via the seal and this surface pressure is transferred from the seal to the valve lifter to the movement to effect the valve stem.
- the first or the second seal may be formed so that they only produce a sealing effect between the valve stem and the housing and the valve stem has a corresponding surface is formed, acts on the seal between the valve stem and housing the pressure difference by either the negative pressure or the ambient pressure abuts against this surface and on one side exerts a force on the valve stem.
- the forces which act on the valve tappet by means of the negative pressure and the ambient pressure and influence its position with respect to the housing can additionally be influenced by other forces.
- additional forces may be provided by biasing means, which may generally include elastic spring elements in the form of helical springs, other types of spring, elastomeric elements or the like, in the form of magnetic forces by permanent magnet action or electromagnetic actions or by gravitational force actions on or with the valve lifter coupled mass elements are generated.
- the triggering force, the restoring force and time sequences between triggering and resetting as well as a triggering that is again possible after resetting can be influenced and adjusted by such additional force actions on the valve stem.
- the valve stem extends from the first to a second end and is coupled at the second end to the compressed air valve unit.
- the valve lifter By coupling the valve lifter to the compressed air valve unit at the second end of the valve lifter an immediate actuation of the compressed air valve unit is made possible via the arranged at the first end actuator and achieved a robust transmission of the actuating force.
- the coupling of the compressed air valve unit with the valve stem can both by direct mechanical connection such as an integral version of the valve body of the compressed air valve unit on the valve lifter, by means of a mechanical articulation of the valve body via the second end of the valve stem or as indirect coupling by means of force transmission effects such as friction, pneumatic transmission, magnetic Power transmission or the like done.
- the control valve device can be formed by a magnet and by the fact that the valve body is actuated by means of magnetic action of the magnet.
- a magnet is part of the control valve means and serves to actuate the valve body, that is to switch the compressed air valve unit between the open and the closed position back and forth.
- the magnet can be supported by other force-acting elements, such as spring elements or otherwise restoring elements or acted upon by a counter force.
- the magnet can be arranged on the valve tappet or on the valve body and in each case cooperate with a corresponding magnetic element on the valve body or on the valve tappet, wherein this magnetic element can be made ferromagnetic, paramagnetic or diamagnetic.
- an indirect loading of a magnet via a coupling with the valve stem or the valve body can take place in order to convert the magnetic force effect from the movement of the valve stem into a movement of the valve body.
- the magnet is a permanent magnet.
- an electromagnet can also be used in the control valve device according to the invention.
- valve body of the compressed air valve unit is opened by the magnetic effect or that the valve body of the compressed air valve unit is closed by the magnetic effect.
- the magnetic effect by accordingly additional force-acting elements, which, as described above, can influence the movement of valve bodies in such a way that a restoring effect against the magnetic force or a supportive effect of the magnetic force is thereby caused.
- control valve device with a magnet for actuating the valve body may further preferably be provided that the valve body is moved in the second position of the valve stem by magnetic action of a magnet in the open position or in the first position of the valve stem by magnetic action of a magnet in the closed position is moved.
- the compressed air valve unit is opened either in the second position of the valve stem or closed in the first position of the valve stem.
- This actuation may be assisted by correspondingly further means, such as elastic elements acting on the valve body, by correspondingly pushing the valve body in the first position through this further means into the closed position or correspondingly in the second position by the further means is moved to the open position.
- a further preferred embodiment comprises a first biasing means which exerts on the valve body a biasing force acting against the magnetic action.
- a biasing device may be performed for example by a spring element in the form of a coil spring or other spring design or in the form of a rubber-elastic element.
- the magnetic effect between the magnet and a magnetic element acts, one of which is arranged on the valve stem and the other on the valve body, and that in the first position of the valve stem, the distance between the magnet and the magnetic element is so large that the magnetic force is less than the preload force, and in the second Position of the valve stem, the distance between magnet and magnetic element is so small that the magnetic force is greater than the biasing force.
- the magnetic force is increased by the approach of the magnet to a magnetic element as a result of the movement of the valve stem from the first to the second position and thereby generates a magnetic force which is increased in the second position relative to the first position so that they now exceeds a preload force of the pretensioner that it has not previously exceeded.
- the biasing means therefore keeps closed in the first position the valve body, whereas in the second position of the valve stem it is overcome by the magnetic force and the valve body is thereby moved to the open position.
- the magnet may be arranged on the valve tappet and the magnet element on the valve body or vice versa.
- an overpressure or negative pressure can be established by the processes occurring as a result of the compressed air supply, which can then exert an additional force on the valve stem, for example by a vacuum is applied to the first vacuum line connection and thereby a force on the valve lifter acting, which causes a return of the valve stem from the second position to the first position.
- a bidirectionally acting locking element which causes a latching force between the valve stem and valve housing in the first and second positions
- the locking element is preferably designed to the valve stem with a predetermined first holding force in the first Hold position, when a predetermined operating force on the actuating element is exceeded to allow the movement of the valve stem from the first to the second position to hold the valve stem in the second position with a predetermined second holding force, and the movement when a predetermined negative pressure in the intermediate chamber is exceeded allow the valve stem from the second to the first position.
- a predetermined negative pressure is defined, which are initially established must to finish the flushing process.
- the valve stem is respectively maintained in the first and second positions with respective first and second holding forces, which may be different or the same.
- the latching element can be formed, for example, by means of a spring-actuated element or a spring element, which is fastened to the valve housing and acts on a depression or elevation on the valve tappet provided on both sides with ramps or conical surfaces or the like. It may also be formed by a spring-actuated element which cooperates with two spaced apart on the valve tappet depressions or elevations. Likewise, two Federlemente cooperate with a single survey or depression on the valve lifter.
- the spring-actuated element may be, for example, a spring loaded ball, a spring loaded shoe, a spring clip cooperating with one or two conical surfaces, or the like.
- valve lifter in the control valve device equipped with a magnet, it is preferable that the valve lifter is held in the second position by the magnetic force and that a negative pressure built up in the second position in the intermediate chamber communicates with an ambient pressure in the atmospheric pressure chamber magnetic force acting restoring force exerts on the valve stem, which moves upon reaching a predetermined negative pressure in the intermediate chamber, the valve stem against the magnetic force from the second position to the first position.
- the valve stem is held by the magnetic force in the second position and a build-up negative pressure is introduced into the vacuum chamber and thus connected in this first position with the Unterbuchkamer intermediate chamber and causes a pressure difference to the ambient pressure chamber, a force acting on the valve lifter moved back from the second position back to the first position
- control valve device it is preferable for the control valve device according to the invention to be developed by a second pretensioning device which projects the valve plunger from the second to the first position.
- a second biasing direction which in turn can be designed as a spring element, rubber-elastic element or the like, a restoring force on the valve stem causes and allows a setting that affects both the release force, with which the valve stem has to be moved from the first to the second position and the necessary restoring force, which acts on the valve stem by a pressure difference between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber, influenced.
- valve body is relatively movable to the valve stem and the housing.
- this makes possible a cost-effective production method, in that fits and tolerances, which would have to be selected correspondingly in the event of a direct coupling in order to avoid jamming or jamming, are not required.
- the respective components, such as the valve stem and the valve body can be tolerated in their own leadership and offset by mutually provided force effects on each other, for example, by the above-described magnetic coupling, in mutually dependent movements.
- the magnet is attached to the second end of the valve stem and cooperates with a magnetic element which is coupled to the valve body or integrally formed on the valve body, or that the magnet is fixed to the valve body and with a magnetic Element cooperates, which is coupled to the second end of the valve stem or integrally formed on the second end of the valve stem.
- a magnetic element which may be ferromagnetic, para or diamagnetic, which is arranged on the valve body.
- both magnet and magnetic element can be formed integrally with the valve tappet or valve body, connected to it in another way, coupled or attached thereto.
- a reverse configuration may be provided in which the magnet is disposed on the valve body and the magnetic element is disposed correspondingly on the second end of the valve lifter.
- the control valve device can be further developed by either the first seal is attached to the valve stem and seals against a conical, in the direction of movement from the first second expanding the first sealing surface on the housing, and the second seal is attached to the housing and against a conical , the second sealing surface flaring from the second to the first end of the valve stem seals on the valve stem or by the first seal is fixed to the housing and seals against a conical, extending from the first to the second end of the valve stem second sealing surface on the valve stem, and the second seal on the valve stem is fastened and seals against a conical, in the direction of movement from the second to the first position widening first sealing surface on the housing.
- a preferred embodiment of the first and second seals and their sealing counter surfaces is defined.
- the thereby provided tapering of the sealing surfaces on the housing or on the valve stem cause an advantageous gradual reduction of the sealing gap upon movement of the valve stem relative to the housing, whereby sudden changes in the force on the valve stem can be avoided and a reliable seal between the valve stem and housing on the respective seal increasing valve lifter travel can be achieved.
- control valve device can be further developed by an ejector device having an ejector pressure air connection and an ejector vacuum connection, which is designed to generate a vacuum at the ejector connection when the ejector pressure air connection is pressurized, with the ejector pressure air connection in fluid communication with the compressed air output, and the ejector vacuum connection the first vacuum line connection is in fluid communication.
- control valve unit can alternatively or additionally be developed by a time delay unit with an air port in fluid communication with the second vacuum line port.
- an ejector device which is supplied via the supplied from the compressed air valve unit compressed air and generates a vacuum, which in turn is introduced to the first vacuum line connection of the housing and consequently in the vacuum chamber.
- an advantageous control effect is achieved between the compressed-air valve unit, the ejector device charged therefrom, the vacuum generated therein and the valve tappet in the housing with the vacuum effect on the vacuum chamber or intermediate chamber.
- the advantageous possibility of controlling a time delay unit via the second vacuum line connection out of the intermediate chamber is used, which is sealed in the first position relative to the vacuum chamber and in the second position with the vacuum chamber in communication.
- the compressed air valve unit is actuated by means of a magnet and the magnetic force holds the valve stem in the second position.
- a control valve device 1 has a valve housing 10 in which a valve tappet 20 is movably guided along an actuating direction.
- valve stem 20 protrudes at its upper end 20a out of the valve housing 10 and carries at this upper end 20a an actuating knob 21. At its lower end 20b, the valve stem 20 also protrudes from the valve housing 10 and is at this lower end with an axial longitudinal bore 22 provided. The axial longitudinal bore 22 is surrounded by a ring magnet 30 at the lower end 20b of the valve lifter.
- the valve housing 10 encloses an interior, which is divided by a first seal 41 and a second seal 42 a total of three chambers.
- a vacuum chamber 11 is defined by the housing and the first seal 41 secured to the valve lifter. This vacuum chamber 11 is connected by a first vacuum line connection 12 to a vacuum line 12a.
- the first, attached to the valve stem seal 41 seals against a conical housing wall portion 13, which tapers in the direction of the upper end 20a.
- a conical housing wall portion 13 which tapers in the direction of the upper end 20a.
- the intermediate chamber 14 is bounded by the first seal 41, the second seal 42 and the housing 10 and has a second vacuum line connection 15.
- the second seal 42 is fixedly secured to the housing 10 and has an inner bore 42 a.
- the inner bore 42a acts against a sealing cone 23 formed on the valve lifter.
- the sealing cone 23 expands its cross-sectional diameter from the second end 20b to the first end 20a.
- the unactuated, upper position of the valve stem 20 therefore there is a fluid connection between the intermediate chamber 14 and an ambient pressure chamber 16.
- the passage cross section through the opening 42a of the seal 42 is increasingly reduced and completely closed at a certain actuation travel of the valve stem.
- Connected to the conical sealing surface 23 in the direction of the upper end 20a is a cylindrical, outer peripheral sealing surface, so that the sealing effect on the second seal 42 is maintained even when the valve tappet 20 is actuated further.
- the ambient pressure camera 16 is connected to the ambient pressure via the lower opening of the housing.
- the valve stem 20 on both sides of a conical thickening 24 which cooperates with a spring detent element 50 which is fixed to the valve housing.
- the downwardly facing conical surface 24a acts against the spring detent element 50 and deflects it radially outward until at a predetermined compressive force on the operating knob 21 the spring detent skips over the thickest part of the thickening 24 and moves the valve lifter into the second one Position allows.
- the valve stem is held by the now radially inwardly elastically deformed back spring detent element 50 bears against the upper conical surface 24 b of the thickening 24.
- the spring detent element 50 When building a negative pressure in the intermediate chamber 14, the spring detent element 50 is again deflected radially outwardly elastically by the conical surface 24b is pulled up until the spring detent element 50 upon reaching a predetermined negative pressure spring detent again skips the thickest point of the thickening 24 in the opposite direction and allows the movement of the valve stem back to the first position.
- a ferromagnetic valve body 61 In extension of the bore 22 in the valve stem, a ferromagnetic valve body 61 is arranged.
- the ferromagnetic valve body 61 is movably disposed in a guide 62 and can move within this guide 62 in the same direction as the valve stem 20.
- a second coil spring 63 At the upper end of the guide 62, a second coil spring 63 is arranged, the ferromagnetic valve body 61 in a lower, closed position presses.
- valve body 61 closes a compressed air line 60.
- valve stem is pressed downwards via the actuating element 21 from the first, upper position into a second, lower position, then the magnet 30 is moved closer to the ferromagnetic valve body 61 and the magnetic force of the magnet on the ferromagnetic valve body 61 is thereby increased.
- This increase causes lifting of the valve body 61 from the in FIG. 1 pictured closed position against the spring force of the second Spiral spring 63 in a raised, open position. In this raised, open position, the flow through the compressed air line 60 is released from a compressed air inlet 83 to a compressed air outlet 84.
- the compressed air line 60 is acted upon via the compressed-air outlet 84 by an ejector device 100 which generates a negative pressure by means of the Venturi principle.
- This negative pressure is introduced via the vacuum line 12a into the vacuum chamber 11.
- the ambient pressure acts on the conical sealing surface 23 of the valve stem as a result of the building pressure difference between the intermediate chamber 14 and the ambient pressure chamber 16.
- This acts a restoring force on the valve stem 20, the moved back the valve stem from the lower, second position to the upper, first position.
- This restoring force is supported by the first coil spring 51 and a third coil spring 53.
- FIG. 2 shows the control valve device 1 according to the invention in a mounting situation for controlling a vacuum toilet.
- the entire control device comprises, in addition to the control valve device 1 according to the invention and the ejector device 100 still further includes an actuation coupling unit 150 which acts as a time delay unit, a manifold valve unit 130, a flush water valve unit 170, and a flush water unit 190.
- the flush water valve unit 170 is supplied with compressed air via a compressed air inlet 183.
- the vacuum generated in the ejector apparatus is supplied via the vacuum line 12 a to the distribution valve unit 130 and passed from there in response to the timing by the actuating coupling unit 150 via the vacuum line 12 b to the first vacuum line connection 12 of the control valve device 1. This vacuum is applied to the actuating coupling unit 150 via the second vacuum line connection 15.
- the vacuum generated in the ejector 100 is applied to a waste tank 200 via a vacuum line 12c branched off from the vacuum line 12a. Furthermore, the vacuum generated in the ejector 100 is conducted via the distribution valve unit 130 to a port 135 and from there via a vacuum line 171 to the rinse water valve unit 170.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Lift Valve (AREA)
- Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
- Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
- Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
- Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Steuerungsventileinrichtung für eine Steuerung einer Sanitäreinrichtung, umfassend ein Ventilgehäuse mit einer Unterdruckkammer, die mit einem ersten Vakuumleitungsanschluss in Verbindung steht zum Anschluss einer Vakuumleitung, einer Zwischenkammer, die mit einem zweiten Vakuumleitungsanschluss in Verbindung steht zum Anschluss einer zweiten Vakuumleitung, und einer Umgebungsdruckkamer, die mittels einer Belüftungsöffnung mit der Umgebung in Verbindung steht ein relativ zum Gehäuse beweglicher Ventilstößel, der an einem ersten Ende ein manuell betätigbares Betätigungselement aufweist, eine erste, mit dem Gehäuse und dem Ventilstößel zusammenwirkende Dichtung, die in einer ersten Stellung des Ventilstößels zum Gehäuse die Unterdruckkammer gegenüber der Zwischenkammer abdichtet und in einer zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels zum Gehäuse eine Verbindung zwischen der Unterdruckkammer und der Zwischenkammer freigibt, eine zweite, mit dem Gehäuse und dem Ventilstößel zusammenwirkende Dichtung, die in einer ersten Stellung des Ventilstößels zum Gehäuse eine Verbindung zwischen der Zwischenkammer und der Umgebungsdruckkammer freigibt und in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels zum Gehäuse die Zwischenkammer gegenüber der Umgebungsdruckkammer abdichtet.The invention relates to a control valve device for a control of a sanitary device, comprising a valve housing with a vacuum chamber which communicates with a first vacuum line connection for connection of a vacuum line, an intermediate chamber which communicates with a second vacuum line connection for connection to a second vacuum line, and a Umweltdruckkamer which communicates with the environment by means of a vent opening a relatively movable to the housing valve stem having a manually operable actuator at a first end, a first, cooperating with the housing and the valve stem seal in a first position of the valve stem to Housing seals the vacuum chamber relative to the intermediate chamber and in a second position of the valve stem to the housing releases a connection between the vacuum chamber and the intermediate chamber, a second, with the Geh use and the valve tappet cooperating seal to the housing releases in a first position of the valve stem, a connection between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber and the housing the intermediate chamber seal in the second position of the valve stem relative to the ambient pressure chamber.
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In anderen Anwendungsfällen muss Frischwasser aus einem Frischwasserbehälter mittels Druckluft herausbefördert werden, um beispielsweise ein Handwaschbecken mit Wasser zu versorgen und aus dem Handwaschbecken das Abwasser mittels eines Vakuums wieder abgezogen werden.In other applications, fresh water must be transported out of a fresh water tank by means of compressed air to supply, for example, a hand basin with water and the wastewater are removed from the hand basin by means of a vacuum again.
Generell können solche Steuerungsabläufe gesteuert werden, indem eine Vakuumquelle und Druckluftquelle bereitgestellt werden und aus dieser Vakuumquelle und dieser Druckluftquelle durch Ansteuerung von elektrisch betätigten Ventileinheiten mit einer entsprechenden elektronischen Steuerungseinheit in bestimmten Zeitabständen die Druckluft und das Vakuum solcher Art auf Vorratsbehälter, Zwischenbehälter oder Abwasserbehälter aufgegeben wird, dass die gewünschten Förderwirkungen für das Frischwasser, das Spülwasser oder das Abwasser damit erzielt werden. Nachteilig an solchen Lösungen ist allerdings, dass für den Betrieb einer solchen Steuerungseinrichtung sowohl Druckluft als auch Vakuum sowie elektrische Energie zur Verfügung stehen muss. Hierdurch wird die Anbindung einer solchen Sanitäreinrichtung aufwendig, was insbesondere dann nachteilig ist, wenn die Sanitäreinrichtung an Bord von Fahrzeugen wie beispielsweise Schienenfahrzeugen installiert werden soll.In general, such control processes can be controlled by a vacuum source and compressed air source are provided and from this vacuum source and this compressed air source by controlling electrically operated valve units with a corresponding electronic control unit at certain intervals, the compressed air and the vacuum of such kind on storage tank, intermediate tank or wastewater container is given up in that the desired conveying effects for the fresh water, the rinsing water or the wastewater are thereby achieved. A disadvantage of such solutions, however, is that for the operation of such a control device both compressed air and vacuum and electrical energy must be available. As a result, the connection of such a sanitary device is complicated, which is particularly disadvantageous is when the sanitary device is to be installed on board vehicles such as rail vehicles.
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Es besteht grundsätzlich ein Bedarf für Sanitäreinrichtungen beziehungsweise Steuerungseinrichtungen für solche Sanitäreinrichtungen, die eine zuverlässige Steuerung des Betriebsablaufs erreichen und hierbei in einfacherer Weise mit geringeren infrastrukturellen Anforderungen an die zur Verfügung zu stellende Energie installiert und betrieben werden können. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine solche Steuerungseinheit bereitzustellen, mit der sowohl die Installation als auch der Betrieb einer solchen Sanitäreinrichtung vereinfacht werden kann.There is basically a need for sanitary facilities or control facilities for such sanitary facilities that achieve a reliable control of the operation and this can be installed and operated in a simpler way with lower infrastructure requirements for the energy to be provided. The invention has for its object to provide such a control unit, with both the installation and the operation of such a sanitary device can be simplified.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst mittels einer Ventilsteuerungseinrichtung der eingangs beschriebenen Art, bei der eine mit dem Ventilstößel gekoppelte Druckluftventileinheit mit einem Ventilkörper, der in der ersten Stellung des Ventilstößels zum Gehäuse einen Drucklufteingang gegenüber einem Druckluftausgang sperrt, und in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels zum Gehäuse eine Verbindung zwischen dem Drucklufteingang zu dem Druckluftausgang freigibt, vorgesehen ist.This object is achieved by means of a valve control device of the type described above, in which a coupled to the valve tappet compressed air valve unit with a valve body which blocks in the first position of the valve stem to the housing a compressed air input to a compressed air outlet, and in the second position of the valve stem to the housing provides a connection between the compressed air inlet to the compressed air outlet, is provided.
Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Steuerungsventileinrichtung wird eine Steuerungseinrichtung bereitgestellt, die in einfacherer Weise installiert werden kann und die Abläufe einer Sanitäreinrichtung steuern kann. Zugleich wird mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ventilsteuerungseinrichtung eine robuste Steuerungseinrichtung bereitgestellt. Die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung ist insbesondere hinsichtlich ihrer Anschlussschnittstelle gegenüber den vorbekannten Steuerungseinrichtungen verbessert und ist ausgebildet, um die Beförderung von Frischwasser, Spülwasser und/oder Abwasser in einer Sanitäreinrichtung anzusteuern. Dabei kann die Beförderung des Frischwassers beziehungsweise Spülwassers beziehungsweise Abwassers sowohl mittels Druckluft als auch mittels eines Vakuums in der Sanitäreinrichtung erfolgen. Erfindungsgemäß wird für diese Steuerung mittels der Steuerungsventileinrichtung lediglich eine Druckluftquelle benötigt.With the control valve device according to the invention, a control device is provided, which can be installed in a simpler manner and can control the processes of a sanitary device. At the same time, a robust control device is provided with the valve control device according to the invention. The control valve device according to the invention is improved in particular with regard to its connection interface with respect to the previously known control devices and is designed to control the transport of fresh water, rinse water and / or wastewater in a sanitary device. In this case, the transport of the fresh water or rinse water or wastewater can take place both by means of compressed air and by means of a vacuum in the sanitary device. According to the invention, only one compressed air source is required for this control by means of the control valve device.
Die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung kann daher auf eine externe Vakuumdruckluftquelle zur Steuerung des Ablaufs ebenso verzichten wie auf elektrische Energie oder elektronische Steuerungseinrichtungen. Stattdessen steuert die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung, wenn für die Betriebsabläufe ein Vakuum benötigt wird, ausgehend von einer Druckluftquelle eine druckluftbetriebene Vakuumeinrichtung an und steuert in Abhängigkeit der einerseits bereitgestellten Druckluft und des andererseits dadurch erzeugten Vakuums den Betrieb der Sanitäreinrichtung vollumfänglich.The control valve device according to the invention can therefore dispense with an external vacuum pressure air source for controlling the process as well as electrical energy or electronic control devices. Instead controls the control valve device according to the invention, if a vacuum is required for the operations, starting from a compressed air source to a compressed air operated vacuum device and controls in dependence of the one hand, provided compressed air and the other hand, generated by the vacuum the operation of the sanitary device in full.
Hierzu weist die Steuerungsventileinrichtung ein Ventilgehäuse auf das, grundsätzlich in drei Kammern unterteilt ist. Diese Kammern werden von einander durch eine erste und eine zweite Dichtung getrennt, wobei diese erste und zweite Dichtung durch die Bewegung eines Ventilstößels relativ zu dem Gehäuse in bestimmter Weise geöffnet und geschlossen werden. Der Ventilstößel ist weiterhin dazu ausgebildet, um eine Druckluftventileinheit zu betätigen, indem diese Druckluftventileinheit in der ersten Stellung des Ventilstößels geschlossen ist und in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels geöffnet ist. Der Ventilstößel kann durch einen Benutzer der Steuerungsventileinrichtung manuell betätigt werden, was beispielsweise durch unmittelbare Krafteinwirkung auf eine Betätigungsfläche am Ventilstößel, beispielsweise einer als Druckknopf gestalteten Betätigungsfläche erfolgen kann, ebenso aber auch über Betätigungsmechaniken oder Aktuatoren indirekt erfolgen kann.For this purpose, the control valve device has a valve housing, which is basically subdivided into three chambers. These chambers are separated from each other by first and second seals, said first and second seals being opened and closed in a specific manner by movement of a valve lifter relative to the housing. The valve stem is still adapted to actuate a compressed air valve unit by this compressed air valve unit is closed in the first position of the valve stem and is open in the second position of the valve stem. The valve stem can be manually operated by a user of the control valve device, which can be done for example by direct application of force to an actuating surface on the valve stem, for example, designed as a push button actuating surface, but also can be done indirectly via actuation mechanisms or actuators.
Durch ein solches Bewegen des Ventilstößels aus der ersten in die zweite Stellung wird die Druckluftventileinheit unmittelbar geöffnet und damit eine Druckluftzufuhr aus der Druckluftquelle ermöglicht. Diese Druckluftzufuhr kann unmittelbar zur Beförderung von Frisch-/Spül- oder Abwasser genutzt werden. Die Druckluft kann weiterhin dazu genutzt werden, um eine Ejektoreinrichtung mit Druckluft zu beaufschlagen und darin, beispielsweise mittels des Venturi-Effekts, ein Vakuum zu erzeugen.By such a movement of the valve stem from the first to the second position, the compressed air valve unit is opened directly, thus allowing a compressed air supply from the compressed air source. This compressed air supply can be used directly for the transport of fresh / rinsing or waste water. The compressed air can furthermore be used to pressurize an ejector device with compressed air and to generate a vacuum therein, for example by means of the Venturi effect.
Ein in Folge der Beaufschlagung mit Druckluft direkt oder indirekt erzeugtes Vakuum kann dann der erfindungsgemäßen Steuerungsventileinrichtung zugeführt werden und über den ersten Vakuumleitungsanschluss in die Unterdruckkammer eingeleitet werden, aus der es in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels unmittelbar auch in der Zwischenkammer wirkt. Aufgrund der Abdichtung durch die zweite Dichtung zwischen der Zwischenkammer und der Umgebungsdruckkammer in der zweiten Stellung entsteht hierdurch eine auf den Ventilstößel wirkende Kraft durch die Druckdifferenz zwischen der Zwischenkammer und der Umgebungsdruckkammer, die umso höher wird, je stärker das Vakuum in der Zwischenkammer ist. Durch diesen Kraftaufbau wird der Ventilstößel bei Überschreiten eines vorbestimmten Vakuums aus der zweiten in die erste Stellung zurückbewegt und hierdurch die Druckluftzufuhr mittels der Druckluftventileinheit wieder unterbrochen.A directly or indirectly generated as a result of the application of compressed air vacuum can then be supplied to the control valve device according to the invention and introduced via the first vacuum line connection in the vacuum chamber from which it acts directly in the intermediate chamber in the second position of the valve stem. Due to the sealing by the second seal between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber in the second position, this creates a force acting on the valve stem force by the pressure difference between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber, which becomes higher, the stronger the vacuum in the intermediate chamber. As a result of this force build-up, when a predetermined vacuum is exceeded, the valve tappet is moved back out of the second position into the first position, thereby interrupting the supply of compressed air by means of the compressed-air valve unit.
Die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung ermöglicht es weiterhin, das in die Druckkammer eingeleitete Vakuum in der ersten Stellung auf den zweiten Vakuumleitungsanschluss in der Zwischenkammer durch zuleiten und hierdurch beispielsweise eine Zeitsteuerungseinrichtung anzusteuern. Diese Durchleitung wird in der ersten Stellung, wenn die erste Dichtung die Unterdruckkammer von der Zwischenkammer abdichtet, unterbrochen sodass eine Belüftung auf der Seite der Unterdruckkammer oder der Zwischenkammer nicht das Vakuum auf der anderen Seite reduziert.The control valve device according to the invention also makes it possible to forward the introduced into the pressure chamber vacuum in the first position to the second vacuum line connection in the intermediate chamber and thereby control, for example, a timing device. This passage is in the first position when the first seal the vacuum chamber of the intermediate chamber seals, so that ventilation on the side of the vacuum chamber or the intermediate chamber does not reduce the vacuum on the other side.
Die in der erfindungsgemäßen Steuerungsventileinrichtung vorgesehene erste und zweite Dichtung können solcher Art ausgebildet sein, dass unmittelbar auf die Dichtung ein Flächendruck durch einen Druckunterschied, der über die Dichtung wirkt, ausgeübt wird und dieser Flächendruck von der Dichtung auf den Ventilstößel übertragen wird, um die Bewegung des Ventilstößels zu bewirken. Ebenso können die erste oder die zweite Dichtung so ausgebildet sein, dass sie lediglich eine Dichtwirkung zwischen Ventilstößel und Gehäuse erzeugen und am Ventilstößel eine entsprechende Fläche ausgebildet ist, auf die bei Abdichtung zwischen Ventilstößel und Gehäuse die Druckdifferenz einwirkt, indem entweder der Unterdruck oder der Umgebungsdruck an dieser Fläche anliegt und einseitig eine Kraftwirkung auf den Ventilstößel ausübt.The first and second seals provided in the control valve device according to the invention may be designed such that a surface pressure is exerted directly on the seal by a pressure difference which acts via the seal and this surface pressure is transferred from the seal to the valve lifter to the movement to effect the valve stem. Likewise, the first or the second seal may be formed so that they only produce a sealing effect between the valve stem and the housing and the valve stem has a corresponding surface is formed, acts on the seal between the valve stem and housing the pressure difference by either the negative pressure or the ambient pressure abuts against this surface and on one side exerts a force on the valve stem.
Grundsätzlich können die Kräfte, welche mittels des Unterdrucks und des Umgebungsdrucks auf den Ventilstößel einwirken und seine Stellung in Bezug auf das Gehäuse beeinflussen, durch andere Kräfte zusätzlich beeinflusst werden, hierzu werden in den nachfolgend angeführten Ausführungsbeispielen einige vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen erläutert. Solche zusätzlich einwirkenden Kräfte können durch Vorspanneinrichtungen, die generell elastische Federelemente in Form von Schraubenfedern, sonstigen Federbauformen, gummielastischen Elementen oder der Gleichen beinhalten können, in Form von magnetischen Kräften durch Permanentmagneteinwirkung oder elektromagnetische Einwirkungen oder auch durch Schwerkraft erzeugte Krafteinwirkungen auf den Ventilstößel oder mit diesen gekoppelte Massenelemente erzeugt werden. Grundsätzlich können durch solche zusätzlichen Krafteinwirkungen auf den Ventilstößel die Auslösekraft, die Rückstellkraft und Zeitabläufe zwischen Auslösung und Rückstellung sowie einer nach Rückstellung erneut möglichen Auslösung beeinflusst und eingestellt werden.In principle, the forces which act on the valve tappet by means of the negative pressure and the ambient pressure and influence its position with respect to the housing can additionally be influenced by other forces. For this purpose, some advantageous embodiments are explained in the following examples. Such additional forces may be provided by biasing means, which may generally include elastic spring elements in the form of helical springs, other types of spring, elastomeric elements or the like, in the form of magnetic forces by permanent magnet action or electromagnetic actions or by gravitational force actions on or with the valve lifter coupled mass elements are generated. In principle, the triggering force, the restoring force and time sequences between triggering and resetting as well as a triggering that is again possible after resetting can be influenced and adjusted by such additional force actions on the valve stem.
Gemäß einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass der Ventilstößel sich von dem ersten zu einem zweiten Ende erstreckt und an dem zweiten Ende mit der Druckluftventileinheit gekoppelt ist. Durch die Kopplung des Ventilstößels mit der Druckluftventileinheit an dem zweiten Ende des Ventilstößels wird eine unmittelbare Betätigung der Druckluftventileinheit über das am ersten Ende angeordnete Betätigungselement ermöglicht und eine robuste Übertragung der Betätigungskraft erzielt. Die Kopplung der Druckluftventileinheit mit dem Ventilstößel kann dabei sowohl mittels direkter mechanischer Verbindung wie einer integralen Ausführung des Ventilkörpers der Druckluftventileinheit am Ventilstößel, mittels einer mechanischen Anlenkung des Ventilkörpers über das zweite Ende des Ventilstößels oder als indirekte Kopplung mittels Kraftübertragungswirkungen wie Reibung, pneumatische Übertragung, magnetische Kraftübertragung oder der Gleichen erfolgen.According to a first preferred embodiment it is provided that the valve stem extends from the first to a second end and is coupled at the second end to the compressed air valve unit. By coupling the valve lifter to the compressed air valve unit at the second end of the valve lifter an immediate actuation of the compressed air valve unit is made possible via the arranged at the first end actuator and achieved a robust transmission of the actuating force. The coupling of the compressed air valve unit with the valve stem can both by direct mechanical connection such as an integral version of the valve body of the compressed air valve unit on the valve lifter, by means of a mechanical articulation of the valve body via the second end of the valve stem or as indirect coupling by means of force transmission effects such as friction, pneumatic transmission, magnetic Power transmission or the like done.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform kann die Steuerungsventileinrichtung fortgebildet werden durch einen Magneten und dadurch, dass der Ventilkörper mittels Magnetwirkung des Magneten betätigt wird. Gemäß dieser Ausführungsform ist ein Magnet Bestandteil des Steuerungsventileinrichtung und dient dazu, den Ventilkörper zu betätigen, das heißt die Druckluftventileinheit zwischen der offenen und der geschlossenen Stellung hin und her zu schalten. Der Magnet kann dabei durch andere krafteinwirkende Elemente, wie beispielsweise Federelemente oder in sonstiger Weise rückstellende Elemente unterstützt oder mit einer Gegenkraft beaufschlagt werden. Grundsätzlich kann der Magnet am Ventilstößel oder am Ventilkörper angeordnet sein und jeweils mit einem entsprechenden magnetischen Element am Ventilkörper beziehungsweise am Ventilstößel zusammenwirken, wobei dieses magentische Element ferromagnetisch, paramagnetisch oder diamagnetisch ausgeführt sein kann. In gleicher Weise kann eine indirekte Beaufschlagung eines Magneten über eine Kopplung mit dem Ventilstößel oder dem Ventilkörper erfolgen, um die Magnetkraftwirkung ausgehend von der Bewegung des Ventilstößels in eine Bewegung des Ventilkörpers umzusetzen.According to a further preferred embodiment, the control valve device can be formed by a magnet and by the fact that the valve body is actuated by means of magnetic action of the magnet. According to this embodiment, a magnet is part of the control valve means and serves to actuate the valve body, that is to switch the compressed air valve unit between the open and the closed position back and forth. The magnet can be supported by other force-acting elements, such as spring elements or otherwise restoring elements or acted upon by a counter force. In principle, the magnet can be arranged on the valve tappet or on the valve body and in each case cooperate with a corresponding magnetic element on the valve body or on the valve tappet, wherein this magnetic element can be made ferromagnetic, paramagnetic or diamagnetic. In the same way, an indirect loading of a magnet via a coupling with the valve stem or the valve body can take place in order to convert the magnetic force effect from the movement of the valve stem into a movement of the valve body.
Bevorzugt ist der Magnet ein Permanentmagnet. In anderen Ausgestaltungen kann auch ein Elektromagnet in der erfindungsgemäßen Steuerungsventileinrichtung eingesetzt werden.Preferably, the magnet is a permanent magnet. In other embodiments, an electromagnet can also be used in the control valve device according to the invention.
Dabei kann insbesondere vorgesehen sein, dass der Ventilkörper der Druckluftventileinheit durch die Magnetwirkung geöffnet oder dass der Ventilkörper der Druckluftventileinheit durch die Magnetwirkung geschlossen wird. Bezüglich dieser beiden Varianten ist zu verstehen, dass die Magnetwirkung durch entsprechend zusätzliche krafteinwirkende Elemente, die wie zuvor beschrieben solcher Art die Bewegung von Ventilkörper beeinflussen können, dass eine Rückstellwirkung gegen die Magnetkraft oder eine Unterstützungswirkung der Magnetkraft hierdurch hervorgerufen wird, beeinflusst wird.It can be provided in particular that the valve body of the compressed air valve unit is opened by the magnetic effect or that the valve body of the compressed air valve unit is closed by the magnetic effect. With respect to these two variants is to be understood that the magnetic effect by accordingly additional force-acting elements, which, as described above, can influence the movement of valve bodies in such a way that a restoring effect against the magnetic force or a supportive effect of the magnetic force is thereby caused.
Bei der Ausgestaltung der Steuerungsventileinrichtung mit einem Magneten zur Betätigung des Ventilkörpers kann weiterhin bevorzugt vorgesehen sein, dass der Ventilkörper in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels durch Magnetwirkung eines Magneten in die geöffnete Position bewegt wird oder in der ersten Stellung des Ventilstößels durch Magnetwirkung eines Magneten in die geschlossene Position bewegt wird. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird die Druckluftventileinheit entweder in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels geöffnet oder in der ersten Stellung des Ventilstößels geschlossen. Diese Betätigung kann durch entsprechend weitere Mittel, wie beispielsweise elastische Elemente, die auf den Ventilkörper einwirken, unterstützt werden, indem entsprechend der Ventilkörper in der ersten Stellung durch diese weiteren Mittel in die geschlossene Position gedrückt wird oder entsprechend in der zweiten Stellung durch die weiteren Mittel in die geöffnete Position bewegt wird.In the embodiment of the control valve device with a magnet for actuating the valve body may further preferably be provided that the valve body is moved in the second position of the valve stem by magnetic action of a magnet in the open position or in the first position of the valve stem by magnetic action of a magnet in the closed position is moved. In this embodiment, the compressed air valve unit is opened either in the second position of the valve stem or closed in the first position of the valve stem. This actuation may be assisted by correspondingly further means, such as elastic elements acting on the valve body, by correspondingly pushing the valve body in the first position through this further means into the closed position or correspondingly in the second position by the further means is moved to the open position.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform umfasst eine erste Vorspanneinrichtung, welche auf den Ventilkörper eine Vorspannkraft ausübt, die gegen die Magnetwirkung wirkt. Eine solche Vorspanneinrichtung kann beispielsweise durch ein Federelement in Gestalt einer Spiralfeder oder einer sonstigen Federausgestaltung oder in Gestalt eines gummielastischen Elements ausgeführt sein. Durch die Wirkung dieser Vorspanneinrichtung gegen die Magnetwirkung kann die Betätigungskraft und der Auslösezeitpunkt der Druckluftventileinheit voreingestellt werden. Darüberhinaus kann durch die Vorspanneinrichtung auch die Rückstellkraft voreingestellt werden, welche notwendig ist, um die Druckluftventileinheit aus der geöffneten Stellung in die geschlossene Stellung zurückzuführen.A further preferred embodiment comprises a first biasing means which exerts on the valve body a biasing force acting against the magnetic action. Such a biasing device may be performed for example by a spring element in the form of a coil spring or other spring design or in the form of a rubber-elastic element. By the action of this biasing device against the magnetic action, the operating force and the triggering time of the compressed air valve unit can be preset. In addition, by the biasing means and the restoring force can be preset, which is necessary to return the compressed air valve unit from the open position to the closed position.
Dabei ist es noch weiter bevorzugt, wenn die Magnetwirkung zwischen dem Magneten und einem Magnetelement wirkt, von denen eines am Ventilstößel und das andere am Ventilkörper angeordnet sind, und dass in der ersten Stellung des Ventilstößels der Abstand zwischen Magnet und Magnetelement so groß ist, dass die magnetische Kraft kleiner als die Vorspannkraft ist, und in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels der Abstand zwischen Magnet und Magnetelement so klein ist, dass die magnetische Kraft größer als die Vorspannkraft ist. Mit dieser Ausgestaltung wird durch die Heranführung des Magneten an ein Magnetelement in Folge der Bewegung des Ventilstößels aus der ersten in die zweite Stellung die Magnetkraft vergrößert und hierdurch eine Magnetkraft erzeugt, die in der zweiten Stellung gegenüber der ersten Stellung so vergrößert ist, dass sie nun eine Vorspannkraft der Vorspanneinrichtung übersteigt, die sie zuvor nicht überstiegen hat. Die Vorspanneinrichtung hält daher in der ersten Stellung den Ventilkörper geschlossen, wohingegen sie in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels von der magnetischen Kraft überwunden wird und der Ventilkörper hierdurch in die geöffnete Stellung bewegt wird. Grundsätzlich kann hierbei der Magnet am Ventilstößel und das Magnetelement am Ventilkörper angeordnet sein oder umgekehrt. Weiterhin ist zu verstehen, dass durch die in Folge der Druckluftzufuhr erfolgenden Vorgänge ein Überdruck oder Unterdruck aufgebaut werden kann, der dann eine zusätzliche Krafteinwirkung auf den Ventilstößel ausüben kann, beispielsweise indem ein Vakuum an den ersten Vakuumleitungsanschluss aufgegeben wird und hierdurch eine Kraft auf den Ventilstößel einwirkt, die eine Rückstellung des Ventilstößels aus der zweiten Stellung in die erste Stellung bewirkt.It is even more preferred if the magnetic effect between the magnet and a magnetic element acts, one of which is arranged on the valve stem and the other on the valve body, and that in the first position of the valve stem, the distance between the magnet and the magnetic element is so large that the magnetic force is less than the preload force, and in the second Position of the valve stem, the distance between magnet and magnetic element is so small that the magnetic force is greater than the biasing force. With this embodiment, the magnetic force is increased by the approach of the magnet to a magnetic element as a result of the movement of the valve stem from the first to the second position and thereby generates a magnetic force which is increased in the second position relative to the first position so that they now exceeds a preload force of the pretensioner that it has not previously exceeded. The biasing means therefore keeps closed in the first position the valve body, whereas in the second position of the valve stem it is overcome by the magnetic force and the valve body is thereby moved to the open position. In principle, the magnet may be arranged on the valve tappet and the magnet element on the valve body or vice versa. Furthermore, it is to be understood that an overpressure or negative pressure can be established by the processes occurring as a result of the compressed air supply, which can then exert an additional force on the valve stem, for example by a vacuum is applied to the first vacuum line connection and thereby a force on the valve lifter acting, which causes a return of the valve stem from the second position to the first position.
Dabei ist es besonders bevorzugt, die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung fortzubilden durch ein bidirektional wirkendes Rastelement, welches eine Rastkraft zwischen Ventilstößel und Ventilgehäuse in der ersten und der zweiten Stellung bewirkt, wobei das Rastelement vorzugsweise ausgebildet ist, um den Ventilstößel mit einer vorbestimmten ersten Haltekraft in der ersten Stellung zu halten, bei Überschreiten einer vorbestimmten Betätigungskraft auf das Betätigungselement die Bewegung des Ventilstößel aus der ersten in die zweite Stellung zuzulassen, den Ventilstößel mit einer vorbestimmten zweiten Haltekraft in der zweiten Stellung zu halten, und bei Überschreiten eines vorbestimmten Unterdrucks in der Zwischenkammer die Bewegung des Ventilstößel aus der zweiten in die erste Stellung zuzulassen. Mit dieser Fortbildung wird einerseits eine vorbestimmte Betätigungskraft definiert, welche zur Auslösung des Spülvorgangs mittels der Steuerungsventileinrichtung aufgebracht werden muss. Zudem wird ein vorbestimmter Unterdruck definiert, der zunächst aufgebaut werden muss, um den Spülvorgang zu beenden. Der Ventilstößel wird entsprechend in der ersten und in der zweiten Stellung mit einer jeweiligen ersten bzw. zweiten Haltekraft gehalten, die voneinander verschieden oder gleich sein können. Das Rastelement kann beispielsweise mittels eines federbetätigten Elements oder eines Federelements, das am Ventilgehäuse befestigt ist und auf eine beidseits mit Rampen oder konischen Flächen oder dergleichen versehene Vertiefung oder Erhebung am Ventilstößel wirkt, gebildet werden. Es kann ebenso durch ein federbetätigtes Element gebildet werden, das mit zwei beabstandet am Ventilstößel angeordneten Vertiefungen oder Erhebungen zusammenwirkt. Ebenso können zwei Federlemente mit einer einzigen Erhebung oder Vertiefung am Ventilstößel zusammenwirken. Das federbetätigte Element kann beispielsweise eine federbelastete Kugel, ein federbelasteter Gleitschuh, eine mit einer oder zwei konischen Flächen zusammenwirkende Federspange oder dergleichen sein.It is particularly preferred to further develop the control valve device according to the invention by a bidirectionally acting locking element, which causes a latching force between the valve stem and valve housing in the first and second positions, wherein the locking element is preferably designed to the valve stem with a predetermined first holding force in the first Hold position, when a predetermined operating force on the actuating element is exceeded to allow the movement of the valve stem from the first to the second position to hold the valve stem in the second position with a predetermined second holding force, and the movement when a predetermined negative pressure in the intermediate chamber is exceeded allow the valve stem from the second to the first position. With this training, on the one hand, a predetermined actuating force is defined, which must be applied to trigger the rinsing process by means of the control valve device. In addition, a predetermined negative pressure is defined, which are initially established must to finish the flushing process. The valve stem is respectively maintained in the first and second positions with respective first and second holding forces, which may be different or the same. The latching element can be formed, for example, by means of a spring-actuated element or a spring element, which is fastened to the valve housing and acts on a depression or elevation on the valve tappet provided on both sides with ramps or conical surfaces or the like. It may also be formed by a spring-actuated element which cooperates with two spaced apart on the valve tappet depressions or elevations. Likewise, two Federlemente cooperate with a single survey or depression on the valve lifter. The spring-actuated element may be, for example, a spring loaded ball, a spring loaded shoe, a spring clip cooperating with one or two conical surfaces, or the like.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist es bei der mit einem Magneten ausgerüsteten Steuerungsventileinrichtung bevorzugt, wenn der Ventilstößel durch die magnetische Kraft in der zweiten Stellung gehalten wird und dass ein in der zweiten Stellung aufgebauter Unterdruck in der Zwischenkammer in Verbindung mit einem Umgebungsdruck in der Umgebungsdruckkammer eine gegen diese magnetische Kraft wirkende Rückstellkraft auf den Ventilstößel ausübt, die bei Erreichen eines vorbestimmten Unterdrucks in der Zwischenkammer den Ventilstößel gegen die magnetische Kraft aus der zweiten Stellung in die erste Stellung bewegt. Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird der Ventilstößel durch die magnetische Kraft in der zweiten Stellung gehalten und ein sich aufbauender Unterdruck wird in die Unterdruckkammer und folglich die in dieser ersten Stellung mit der Unterdruckkamer verbundene Zwischenkammer eingeleitet und bewirkt als Druckdifferenz zur Umgebungsdruckkammer eine Krafteinwirkung auf den Ventilstößel, die diesen aus der zweiten Stellung wieder in die erste Stellung zurückbewegtAlternatively or additionally, in the control valve device equipped with a magnet, it is preferable that the valve lifter is held in the second position by the magnetic force and that a negative pressure built up in the second position in the intermediate chamber communicates with an ambient pressure in the atmospheric pressure chamber magnetic force acting restoring force exerts on the valve stem, which moves upon reaching a predetermined negative pressure in the intermediate chamber, the valve stem against the magnetic force from the second position to the first position. In this embodiment, the valve stem is held by the magnetic force in the second position and a build-up negative pressure is introduced into the vacuum chamber and thus connected in this first position with the Unterdruckkamer intermediate chamber and causes a pressure difference to the ambient pressure chamber, a force acting on the valve lifter moved back from the second position back to the first position
Weiterhin ist es bevorzugt, die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung fortzubilden durch eine zweite Vorspanneinrichtung, welche den Ventilstößel aus der zweiten in die erste Stellung vorgenannt. Durch eine solche zweite Vorspannrichtung, die wiederum als Federelement, gummielastisches Element oder der Gleichen ausgeführt sein kann, wird eine Rückstellkraft auf den Ventilstößel bewirkt und eine Einstellung ermöglicht, die sowohl die Auslösekraft beeinflusst, mit welcher der Ventilstößel aus der ersten in die zweite Stellung bewegt werden muss als auch die notwendige Rückstellkraft, die durch eine Druckdifferenz zwischen der Zwischenkammer und der Umgebungsdruckkammer auf den Ventilstößel einwirkt, beeinflusst.Furthermore, it is preferable for the control valve device according to the invention to be developed by a second pretensioning device which projects the valve plunger from the second to the first position. By such a second biasing direction, which in turn can be designed as a spring element, rubber-elastic element or the like, a restoring force on the valve stem causes and allows a setting that affects both the release force, with which the valve stem has to be moved from the first to the second position and the necessary restoring force, which acts on the valve stem by a pressure difference between the intermediate chamber and the ambient pressure chamber, influenced.
Erfindungsgemäß ist es weiterhin bevorzugt, dass der Ventilkörper relativ beweglich zum Ventilstößel und zum Gehäuse ist. Bei dieser Ausführungsform besteht keine unmittelbare Verbindung zwischen Ventilstößel, und Ventilkörper und Gehäuse, sondern diese drei Bauelemente sind jeweils relativ zueinander beweglich. Dies ermöglicht einerseits eine kostengünstige Fertigungsweise, indem Passungen und Toleranzen, die bei einer etwaigen direkten Kopplung entsprechend gewählt werden müssten, um Verkantungen oder Verklemmungen zu vermeiden, nicht erforderlich sind. Stattdessen können die jeweiligen Bauelemente, wie der Ventilstößel und der Ventilkörper in einer jeweils eigenen Führung toleriert werden und durch entsprechend vorgesehene Krafteinwirkungen aufeinander, beispielweise durch die zuvor erläuterte magnetische Kopplung, in zueinander abhängige Bewegungen versetzt werden.According to the invention it is further preferred that the valve body is relatively movable to the valve stem and the housing. In this embodiment, there is no direct connection between the valve stem, and valve body and housing, but these three components are each movable relative to each other. On the one hand, this makes possible a cost-effective production method, in that fits and tolerances, which would have to be selected correspondingly in the event of a direct coupling in order to avoid jamming or jamming, are not required. Instead, the respective components, such as the valve stem and the valve body can be tolerated in their own leadership and offset by mutually provided force effects on each other, for example, by the above-described magnetic coupling, in mutually dependent movements.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist vorgesehen, dass der Magnet am zweiten Ende des Ventilstößels befestigt ist und mit einem magnetischen Element zusammenwirkt, das mit dem Ventilkörper gekoppelt oder integral an dem Ventilkörper ausgebildet ist, oder dass der Magnet am Ventilkörper befestigt ist und mit einem magnetischen Element zusammenwirkt, das mit dem zweiten Ende des Ventilstößels gekoppelt oder integral an dem zweiten Ende des Ventilstößels ausgebildet ist. Bei dieser Ausführungsform ist entweder der Magnet am Ventilstößel befestigt und wirkt mit einem magnetischen Element, das ferro-, para- oder diamagnetisch sein kann, zusammen, welches an dem Ventilkörper angeordnet ist. Dabei können sowohl Magnet als auch magnetisches Element integral mit Ventilstößel beziehungsweise Ventilkörper ausgebildet sein, mit diesem in andere Weise verbunden, gekoppelt oder daran befestigt sein.According to a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the magnet is attached to the second end of the valve stem and cooperates with a magnetic element which is coupled to the valve body or integrally formed on the valve body, or that the magnet is fixed to the valve body and with a magnetic Element cooperates, which is coupled to the second end of the valve stem or integrally formed on the second end of the valve stem. In this embodiment, either the magnet is attached to the valve lifter and cooperates with a magnetic element, which may be ferromagnetic, para or diamagnetic, which is arranged on the valve body. In this case, both magnet and magnetic element can be formed integrally with the valve tappet or valve body, connected to it in another way, coupled or attached thereto.
Alternativ kann eine umgekehrte Konfiguration vorgesehen sein, bei welcher der Magnet am Ventilkörper angeordnet ist und das magnetische Element entsprechend am zweiten Ende des Ventilstößels angeordnet ist.Alternatively, a reverse configuration may be provided in which the magnet is disposed on the valve body and the magnetic element is disposed correspondingly on the second end of the valve lifter.
Die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung kann weiter fortgebildet werden, indem entweder die erste Dichtung am Ventilstößel befestigt ist und gegen eine konische, in Bewegungsrichtung aus der ersten die zweite Stellung sich erweiternde erste Dichtfläche am Gehäuse abdichtet, und die zweite Dichtung am Gehäuse befestigt ist und gegen eine konische, sich vom zweiten zum ersten Ende des Ventilstößels erweiternde zweite Dichtfläche am Ventilstößel abdichtet oder indem die erste Dichtung am Gehäuse befestigt ist und gegen eine konische, sich vom ersten zum zweiten Ende des Ventilstößels erweiternde zweite Dichtfläche am Ventilstößel abdichtet, und die zweite Dichtung am Ventilstößel befestigt ist und gegen eine konische, in Bewegungsrichtung aus der zweiten in die erste Stellung sich erweiternde erste Dichtfläche am Gehäuse abdichtet.The control valve device according to the invention can be further developed by either the first seal is attached to the valve stem and seals against a conical, in the direction of movement from the first second expanding the first sealing surface on the housing, and the second seal is attached to the housing and against a conical , the second sealing surface flaring from the second to the first end of the valve stem seals on the valve stem or by the first seal is fixed to the housing and seals against a conical, extending from the first to the second end of the valve stem second sealing surface on the valve stem, and the second seal on the valve stem is fastened and seals against a conical, in the direction of movement from the second to the first position widening first sealing surface on the housing.
Mit diesen beiden Varianten einer Ausführungsform wird eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der ersten und zweiten Dichtung und deren Dichtungsgegenflächen definiert. Die dabei vorgesehenen Verjüngungen der Dichtflächen am Gehäuse beziehungsweise am Ventilstößel bewirken eine vorteilhafte allmähliche Verringerung des Dichtungsspaltes bei Bewegung des Ventilstößels relativ zum Gehäuse, wodurch sprunghafte Änderungen der Krafteinwirkung auf den Ventilstößel vermieden werden können und eine zuverlässige Abdichtung zwischen Ventilstößel und Gehäuse über die jeweilige Dichtung mit zunehmender Ventilstößelfortbewegung erzielt werden kann.With these two variants of an embodiment, a preferred embodiment of the first and second seals and their sealing counter surfaces is defined. The thereby provided tapering of the sealing surfaces on the housing or on the valve stem cause an advantageous gradual reduction of the sealing gap upon movement of the valve stem relative to the housing, whereby sudden changes in the force on the valve stem can be avoided and a reliable seal between the valve stem and housing on the respective seal increasing valve lifter travel can be achieved.
Die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung kann schließlich weiter fortgebildet werden durch eine Ejektorvorrichtung mit einem Ejektordruckluftanschluss und einem Ejektorvakuumanschluss, die ausgebildet ist, um bei Beaufschlagung des Ejektordruckluftanschlusses mit Druckluft ein Vakuum am Ejektrovakuumanschluss zu erzeugen, wobei der Ejektordruckluftanschluss mit dem Druckluftausgang in Fluidverbindung steht, und der Ejektorvakuumanschluss mit dem ersten Vakuumleitungsanschluss in Fluidverbindung steht. Weiterhin kann die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinheit alternativ oder zusätzlich fortgebildet werden durch eine Zeitverzögerungseinheit mit einem Luftanschluss, der mit dem zweiten Vakuumleitungsanschluss in Fluidverbindung steht.Finally, the control valve device according to the invention can be further developed by an ejector device having an ejector pressure air connection and an ejector vacuum connection, which is designed to generate a vacuum at the ejector connection when the ejector pressure air connection is pressurized, with the ejector pressure air connection in fluid communication with the compressed air output, and the ejector vacuum connection the first vacuum line connection is in fluid communication. Furthermore, the control valve unit according to the invention can alternatively or additionally be developed by a time delay unit with an air port in fluid communication with the second vacuum line port.
Mit dieser Fortbildungsform wird eine Ejektorvorrichtung definiert, die über die aus der Druckluftventileinheit bereitgestellte Druckluft versorgt wird und daraus ein Vakuum erzeugt, das wiederum auf den ersten Vakuumleitungsanschluss des Gehäuses und folglich in die Unterdruckkammer eingeleitet wird. Durch diese Zusammenwirkung wird eine vorteilhafte Steuerungswirkung zwischen der Druckluftventileinheit, der daraus beaufschlagten Ejektorvorrichtung, dem darin erzeugten Vakuum und dem Ventilstößel im Gehäuse mit der Vakuumwirkung auf die Unterdruckkammer beziehungsweise Zwischenkammer erzielt. Weiterhin wird die vorteilhafte Möglichkeit einer Ansteuerung einer Zeitverzögerungseinheit über den zweiten Vakuumleitungsanschluss aus der Zwischenkammer heraus genutzt, welche in der ersten Stellung abgedichtet ist gegenüber der Unterdruckkammer und in der zweiten Stellung mit der Unterdruckkammer in Verbindung steht. Zu der näheren Funktionsweise und Interaktion einer solchen Ejektorvorrichtung und einer solchen Zeitverzögerungseinheit sowie deren Zusammenwirkung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Steuerungsventileinrichtung wird Bezug genommen auf die in dem deutschen Gebrauchsmuster
Die erfindungsgemäße Steuerungsventileinrichtung kann bevorzugt nach einem Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Sanitäreinrichtung betrieben werden, welche die Schritte umfasst:
- Manuelles Bewegen eines relativ zu einem Ventilgehäuse beweglich angeordneten Ventilstößels aus einer ersten Stellung in eine zweite Stellung durch Betätigen eines Betätigungselements,
- Öffnen einer mit dem Ventilstößel gekoppelten Druckluftventileinheit in der zweiten Stellung,
- Zufuhr von Druckluft zu einer Ejektorvorrchtung bei geöffneter Druckluftventileinheit und Aufbau eines Vakuums an einem Vakuumanschluss der Ejektorvorrchtung,
- Beaufschlagen einer in dem Ventilgehäuse angeordneten Zwischenkammer, die in der zweiten Stellung des Ventilstößels gegemn eine Umgebungsdruckkammer abgedichtet ist, mit dem Vakuum aus dem Vakuumanschluss der Ejektorvorrichtung,
- Rückbewegen des Ventilstößels aus der zweiten in die erste Stellung bei Erreichen eines vorbestimmten Unterdrucks in der Zwischenkammer durch Einwirken des Umgebungsdrucks in der Umgebungsdruckkamer auf eine Fläche am Ventilstößel.
- Manually moving a valve stem movably arranged relative to a valve housing from a first position to a second position by actuating an actuating element,
- Opening a compressed air valve unit coupled to the valve lifter in the second position,
- Supplying compressed air to an ejector device with the compressed air valve unit open and building up a vacuum at a vacuum connection of the ejector device,
- Acting on an intermediate chamber arranged in the valve housing, which in the second position of the valve tappet is sealed against an ambient pressure chamber, with the vacuum from the vacuum connection of the ejector device,
- Returning the valve stem from the second to the first position upon reaching a predetermined negative pressure in the intermediate chamber by acting on the ambient pressure in the ambient pressure chamber on a surface on the valve stem.
Dabei ist es besonders bevorzugt, wenn die Druckluftventileinheit mittels eines Magneten betätigt wird und die Magnetkraft den Ventilstößel in der zweiten Stellung hält.It is particularly preferred if the compressed air valve unit is actuated by means of a magnet and the magnetic force holds the valve stem in the second position.
Bezüglich dieser Verfahrensabläufe und der einzelnen Schritte, der dabei erfolgenden Funktionen und bevorzugten Ausgestaltungen wird bezuggenommen auf die zuvor erläuterte Beschreibung der Steuerungsventileinrichtung und deren Funktionsweise.With regard to these procedures and the individual steps, the functions and preferred embodiments thereof, reference is made to the above-described description of the control valve device and its mode of operation.
Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung wir anhand der Figuren näher erläutert.
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zeigt eine schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Steuerungsventileinrichtung.Figur 1 -
Figur 2 zeigt eine schematische Anordnung einer mit einer Zeitsteuerung ausgerüsteten pneumatischen Steuerungseinrichtung für eine Vakuumtoilette.
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FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a control valve device according to the invention. -
FIG. 2 shows a schematic arrangement of a equipped with a timing pneumatic control device for a vacuum toilet.
Bezugnehmend zunächst auf
Der Ventilstößel 20 ragt an seinem oberen Ende 20a aus dem Ventilgehäuse 10 heraus und trägt an diesem oberen Ende 20a einen Betätigungsknopf 21. An seinem unteren Ende 20b ragt der Ventilstößel 20 ebenfalls aus dem Ventilgehäuse 10 heraus und ist an diesem unteren Ende mit einer axialen Längsbohrung 22 versehen. Die axiale Längsbohrung 22 wird am unteren Ende 20b des Ventilstößels von einem Ringmagneten 30 umgeben.The valve stem 20 protrudes at its upper end 20a out of the
Das Ventilgehäuse 10 umschließt einen Innenraum, der durch eine erste Dichtung 41 und eine zweite Dichtung 42 insgesamt drei Kammern unterteilt wird. Ausgehend von dem oberen Ende 20a des Ventilstößels wird eine Unterdruckkammer 11 durch das Gehäuse und die erste, an dem Ventilstößel befestigte Dichtung 41 begrenzt. Diese Unterdruckkammer 11 wird durch einen ersten Vakuumleitungsanschluss 12 an eine Vakuumleitung 12a angeschlossen.The
Die erste, am Ventilstößel befestigte Dichtung 41 dichtet gegen einen konischen Gehäusewandabschnitt 13 ab, der sich in Richtung des oberen Endes 20a verjüngt. Hierdurch wird bei Herunterdrücken des Ventilstößels über den Betätigungsknopf 21 mit zunehmendem Betätigungsweg ein zunehmend größerer Querschnitt zwischen der Unterdruckkammer 11 und einer Zwischenkammer 14 freigegeben.The first, attached to the valve stem seal 41 seals against a conical
Die Zwischenkammer 14 wird durch die erste Dichtung 41, die zweite Dichtung 42 und das Gehäuse 10 begrenzt und weist einen zweiten Vakuumleitungsanschluss 15 auf. Die zweite Dichtung 42 ist ortsfest am Gehäuse 10 befestigt und weist eine innere Bohrung 42a auf. Die innere Bohrung 42a wirkt gegen einen Dichtungskegel 23, der am Ventilstößel ausgebildet ist. Der Dichtungskegel 23 erweitert seinen Querschnittsdurchmesser ausgehend vom zweiten Ende 20b zum ersten Ende 20a. In der unbetätigten, oberen Stellung des Ventilstößels 20 besteht daher eine Fluidverbindung zwischen der Zwischenkammer 14 und einer Umgebungsdruckkammer 16. Bei Herabdrücken des Ventilstößels 20 wird der Durchtrittsquerschnitt durch die Öffnung 42a der Dichtung 42 zunehmend verringert und bei einem bestimmten Betätigungsweg des Ventilstößels vollends geschlossen. An die Kegeldichtfläche 23 schließt sich in Richtung des oberen Endes 20a eine zylindrische, außenumfängliche Dichtfläche an, sodass auch bei weiterer Betätigung des Ventilstößels 20 die Dichtwirkung zur zweiten Dichtung 42 aufrechterhalten wird.The intermediate chamber 14 is bounded by the
Die Umgebungsdruckkamer 16 ist über die untere Öffnung des Gehäuses mit dem Umgebungsdruck verbunden. Innerhalb der Umgebungsdruckkammer 16 weist der Ventilstößel 20 eine beidseits kegelförmige Verdickung 24 auf, die mit einem Federrastelement 50 zusammenwirkt, das am Ventilgehäuse befestigt ist. Bei Herunterdrücken des Ventilstößels wirkt die nach unten weisende konische Fläche 24a gegen das Federrastelement 50 und lenkt dieses elastisch radial auswärts aus, bis bei einer vorbestimmten Druckkraft auf den Betätigungsknopf 21 das Federrastelement die dickste Stelle der Verdickung 24 überspringt und die Bewegung des Ventilstößels in die zweite Stellung zulässt. Dort wird der Ventilstößel gehalten, indem das nun radial einwärts elastisch zurückverformte Federrastelement 50 gegen die obere konische Fläche 24b der Verdickung 24 anliegt. Bei Aufbau eines Unterdrucks in der Zwischenkammer 14 wird das Federrastelement 50 wiederum radial auswärts elastisch ausgelenkt indem die konische Fläche 24b nach oben gezogen wird, bis das Federrastelement 50 bei Erreichen eines vorbestimmten Unterdrucks wiederum Federrastelement die dickste Stelle der Verdickung 24 in nun entgegengesetzter Richtung überspringt und die Bewegung des Ventilstößels zurück in die erste Stellung zulässt.The
In Verlängerung der Bohrung 22 im Ventilstößel ist ein ferromagnetischer Ventilkörper 61 angeordnet. Der ferromagnetische Ventilkörper 61 ist in einer Führung 62 beweglich angeordnet und kann sich innerhalb dieser Führung 62 in der gleichen Richtung bewegen wie der Ventilstößel 20. Am oberen Ende der Führung 62 ist eine zweite Spiralfeder 63 angeordnet, die den ferromagnetischen Ventilkörper 61 in eine untere, geschlossene Position drückt.In extension of the
In dieser unteren, geschlossenen Position verschließt der Ventilkörper 61 eine Druckluftleitung 60.In this lower, closed position, the
Wird der Ventilstößel über das Betätigungselement 21 aus der ersten, oberen Stellung in eine zweite, untere Stellung nach unten gedrückt, so wird hierdurch der Magnet 30 näher an den ferromagnetischen Ventilkörper 61 bewegt und die Magnetkraft des Magneten auf den ferromagnetischen Ventilkörper 61 hierdurch erhöht. Diese Erhöhung bewirkt ein Anheben des Ventilkörpers 61 aus der in
Zugleich wird durch Absenken des Ventilstößels aus der ersten, oberen Stellung in die zweite, untere Stellung die Dichtwirkung der ersten Dichtung 41 gegen das Gehäuse aufgehoben und die Dichtwirkung der zweiten Dichtung 42 gegen den Ventilstößel hergestellt. Die Unterdruckkammer 11 und die Zwischenkammer 15 stehen daher in Fluidverbindung, wohingegen die Zwischenkammer 15 von der Umgebungsdruckkammer 17 abgedichtet ist.At the same time by lowering the valve stem from the first, upper position to the second, lower position, the sealing effect of the
Die Druckluftleitung 60 beaufschlagt über den Druckluftausgang 84 eine Ejektorvorrichtung 100, welche mittels des Venturiprinzips einen Unterdruck erzeugt. Dieser Unterdruck wird über die Unterdruckleitung 12a in die Unterdruckkammer 11 eingeleitet. In Folge des Aufbaus des Unterdrucks in der Unterdruckkammer 11 und der Zwischenkammer 14 wirkt daher der Umgebungsdruck auf die kegelförmige Dichtfläche 23 des Ventilstößels als Folge der sich aufbauenden Druckdifferenz zwischen der Zwischenkammer 14 und der Umgebungsdruckkammer 16. Hierdurch wirkt eine Rückstellkraft auf den Ventilstößel 20, die den Ventilstößel aus der unteren, zweiten Stellung in die obere, erste Stellung zurückbewegt. Diese Rückstellkraft wird durch die erste Spiralfeder 51 und eine dritte Spiralfeder 53 unterstützt.The
Durch diese Rückstellbewegung in die erste, obere Stellung des Ventilstößels wird der Abstand zwischen dem Magnet und dem ferromagnetischen Ventilkörper 61 erhöht und die Magnetkraft, welche von dem Magneten 30 auf den ferromagnetischen Ventilkörper 61 wirkt, dadurch reduziert. Diese Magnetkraft unterschreitet dann die Rückstellkraft der Schraubenfeder 52, sodass der Ventilkörper 61 in die abgesenkte, schließende Stellung zurückbewegt wird und die Druckluftzufuhr zu der Ejektorvorrichtung 100 unterbricht.By this return movement to the first, upper position of the valve stem, the distance between the magnet and the
Das in dem Ejektor 100 erzeugte Vakuum wird über einen aus der Unterdruckleitung 12a abgezweigte Unterdruckleitung 12 c auf einen Abwassertank 200 aufgegeben. Weiterhin wird das in dem Ejektor 100 erzeugte Vakuum über die Verteilerventileinheit 130 auf einen Anschluss 135 und von dort über eine Unterdruckleitung 171 zu der Spülwasserventileinheit 170 geleitet.The vacuum generated in the
Bezüglich der Funktionsweise der Betätigungskopplungseinheit 150, der Verteilerventileinheit 130, der Spülwasserventileinheit 170 und der Spülwassereinheit 190 wird Bezug auf die Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispiels in
Claims (16)
- A control valve means for controlling a sanitary device, comprising:- a valve housing (10) having∘ a vacuum chamber (11) connected to a first vacuum port for connecting a vacuum line,∘ an intermediate chamber (14) connected to a second vacuum port for connecting a second vacuum line, and∘ an ambient pressure chamber (16) connected to the surroundings by means of a ventilation opening,- a valve plunger (20) which is movable relative to the housing and which has a manually operable actuator element (21) at a first end,- a first seal cooperating with the housing and the valve plunger, which∘ seals the vacuum chamber against the intermediate chamber in a first position of the valve plunger relative to the housing and∘ releases a connection between the vacuum chamber and the intermediate chamber in a second position of the valve plunger relative to the housing,- a second seal (42) cooperating with the housing and the valve plunger, whichwherein the control valve means comprises a pneumatic valve unit which is coupled to the valve plunger (20) and has a valve member (61) which∘ releases a connection between the vacuum chamber and the ambient pressure chamber in a first position of the valve plunger relative to the housing, and∘ seals the intermediate chamber against the ambient pressure chamber in a second position of the valve plunger relative to the housing,- blocks a compressed air inlet (83) against a compressed air outlet (84) in a first position of the valve plunger relative to the housing and- releases a connection between the compressed air inlet (83) and the compressed air outlet (84) in a second position of the valve plunger relative to the housing.
- The control valve means according to claim 1,
characterised in that the valve plunger (20) extends from the first to a second end and is coupled at the second end to the pneumatic valve unit. - The control valve means according to claim 1 or 2,
characterised by a magnet (30) and by the valve member (61) being operated by means of the magnetic effect of said magnet. - The control valve means according to claim 3,
characterised in that the valve member (61) of the pneumatic valve unit is opened by the magnetic effect or
in that the valve member of the pneumatic valve unit is closed by the magnetic effect. - The control valve means according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised by a bidirectionally acting detent member (50) which produces a latching force between the valve plunger (20) and the valve housing (10) in the first and the second position, the detent member preferably being adapted to- hold the valve plunger in the first position with a predetermined first retaining force,- allow movement of the valve plunger from the first to the second position when a predetermined actuating force on the actuator element is exceeded,- hold the valve plunger in the second position with a predetermined second retaining force,- allow movement of the valve plunger from the second to the first position when a predetermined vacuum in the intermediate chamber is exceeded. - The control valve means according to claim 3, 4 or 5,
characterised by a first biasing means (63) which exerts a biasing force on the valve member, said biasing force acting counter to the magnetic effect. - The control valve means according to claim 6,
characterised in that the magnetic effect acts between the magnet (30) and a magnetic element (61), one of which being arranged on the valve plunger and the other on the valve member, and that- the spacing between the magnet and the magnetic element is so large in the first position of the valve plunger that the magnetic force is less than the biasing force, and- the spacing between the magnet and the magnetic element is so small in the second position of the valve plunger that the magnetic force is greater than the biasing force. - The control valve means according to any one of claims 3 to 7,
characterised in that the valve plunger is held in the second position by the magnetic force and that a vacuum generated in the intermediate chamber in said second position, in combination with an ambient pressure in the ambient pressure chamber exerts a restoring force on the valve plunger against said magnetic force, said restoring force moving the valve plunger against the magnetic force from the second position to the first position when a predetermined vacuum is reached in the intermediate chamber. - The control valve means according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised by a second biasing means which biases the valve plunger from the second to the first position. - The control valve means according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that the valve member is movable relative to the valve plunger and the housing. - The control valve means according to any one of claims 3 to 10,
characterised in that the magnet is fixed to the second end of the valve plunger and cooperates with a magnetic element which is coupled to the valve member or integrally formed with the valve member, or
in that the magnet is fixed to the valve member and cooperates with a magnetic element which is coupled to the second end of the valve plunger or integrally formed with the second end of the valve plunger. - The control valve means according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised in that- the first seal (41) is fixed to the valve plunger (20) and seals against a conical first sealing face on the housing (10), said sealing face widening in the direction of movement from the first to the second position, and- the second seal (42) is fixed to the housing (10) and seals against a conical second sealing face on the valve plunger (20), said sealing face widening from the second to the first end of the valve plunger. - The control valve means according to any of the preceding claims 1 to 11,
characterised in that- the first seal (41) is fixed to the housing and seals against a conical second sealing face on the valve plunger, said sealing face widening from the first to the second end of the valve plunger, and- the second seal (42) is fixed to the valve plunger and seals against a conical first sealing face on the housing, said sealing face widening in the direction of movement from the second to the first position. - The control valve means according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterised by- an ejector means (100) having a compressed air port and an ejector vacuum port which is adapted to generate a vacuum at the ejector vacuum port whenever compressed air is applied to the compressed air port of the ejector means, whereinand/or∘ the compressed air port of the ejector means is in fluidic communication with the compressed air outlet, and∘ the ejector vacuum port is in fluidic communication with the first vacuum port for the vacuum line- a time-delay unit having an air connection which is in fluidic communication with the second vacuum port for the vacuum line. - A method for controlling a sanitary device, comprising the steps of:- manually moving a valve plunger (20) which is arranged movably relative to a valve housing (10) from a first position to a second position by operating an actuator element,- opening a pneumatic valve unit coupled to the valve plunger in the second position,- supplying compressed air to an ejector means when the pneumatic valve unit is open, and generating a vacuum at a vacuum port of the ejector means,- applying the vacuum from the vacuum port of the ejector means (100) to an intermediate chamber arranged in the valve housing, said intermediate chamber being sealed against an ambient pressure chamber when the valve plunger is in the second position,- retraction of the valve plunger (20) from the second to the first position when a predetermined vacuum is reached in the intermediate chamber (14), by the ambient pressure in the ambient pressure chamber acting on a surface on the valve plunger.
- The method according to claim 15,
characterised in that the pneumatic valve unit is actuated by means of a magnet (30) and the magnetic force holds the valve plunger in the second position.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL15714447T PL3122951T3 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-03-27 | Pneumatic control valve for sanitary device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE202014002712.9U DE202014002712U1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2014-03-28 | Pneumatic control valve for sanitary equipment |
PCT/EP2015/056780 WO2015144904A1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-03-27 | Pneumatic control valve for sanitary device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3122951A1 EP3122951A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
EP3122951B1 true EP3122951B1 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
Family
ID=52814079
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15714447.8A Active EP3122951B1 (en) | 2014-03-28 | 2015-03-27 | Pneumatic control valve for sanitary device |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3122951B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN106460377B (en) |
AP (1) | AP2016009535A0 (en) |
DE (1) | DE202014002712U1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3122951T3 (en) |
EA (1) | EA032376B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3122951T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2015144904A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4382685A1 (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-06-12 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Electro pneumatic and electromechanical actuated diaphragm type flush valve for aircraft toilet |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202014003059U1 (en) | 2014-04-10 | 2015-07-31 | Evac Gmbh | Pneumatic compact vacuum toilet |
CN109549527B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2021-01-15 | 黄道泓 | Household multifunctional purifying robot |
CN111677069B (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2022-05-10 | 清环拓达(苏州)环境科技有限公司 | Spring damping delay control device for vacuum toilet related equipment |
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US3538517A (en) * | 1968-10-07 | 1970-11-10 | Koehler Dayton | Pneumatic flushing system for self-contained sewage system |
DK154405C (en) * | 1986-08-26 | 1989-04-10 | Semco Odense As | VACUUM TOILET DEVICE |
JPH06174147A (en) * | 1992-12-14 | 1994-06-24 | Ebara Corp | Vacuum valve |
DE19633178A1 (en) * | 1996-08-17 | 1998-02-19 | Roediger Anlagenbau | Control for a suction and / or water valve that can be operated with negative pressure |
JP3286535B2 (en) * | 1996-08-26 | 2002-05-27 | 株式会社荏原製作所 | Vacuum valve controller |
FI117298B (en) * | 2005-01-25 | 2006-08-31 | Evac Int Oy | vacuum Drainage |
CN201228385Y (en) * | 2008-06-05 | 2009-04-29 | 浙江真创机电科技有限公司 | Vacuum drain valve |
CN201276742Y (en) * | 2008-10-12 | 2009-07-22 | 吴兴全 | Water supplying and draining apparatus of sanitary equipment |
DE202013004015U1 (en) | 2013-04-30 | 2014-08-01 | Evac Gmbh | Pneumatic control for a vacuum toilet |
-
2014
- 2014-03-28 DE DE202014002712.9U patent/DE202014002712U1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2015
- 2015-03-27 WO PCT/EP2015/056780 patent/WO2015144904A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-03-27 EA EA201691937A patent/EA032376B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2015-03-27 AP AP2016009535A patent/AP2016009535A0/en unknown
- 2015-03-27 CN CN201580017275.9A patent/CN106460377B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2015-03-27 EP EP15714447.8A patent/EP3122951B1/en active Active
- 2015-03-27 DK DK15714447.8T patent/DK3122951T3/en active
- 2015-03-27 PL PL15714447T patent/PL3122951T3/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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None * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP4382685A1 (en) * | 2022-12-05 | 2024-06-12 | B/E Aerospace, Inc. | Electro pneumatic and electromechanical actuated diaphragm type flush valve for aircraft toilet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK3122951T3 (en) | 2018-09-03 |
PL3122951T3 (en) | 2018-11-30 |
AP2016009535A0 (en) | 2015-10-31 |
EA032376B1 (en) | 2019-05-31 |
EP3122951A1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
EA201691937A1 (en) | 2017-03-31 |
DE202014002712U1 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
WO2015144904A1 (en) | 2015-10-01 |
CN106460377B (en) | 2019-11-26 |
CN106460377A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
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