EP3117486A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'absorption multi-secteurs - Google Patents
Dispositif et procédé d'absorption multi-secteursInfo
- Publication number
- EP3117486A1 EP3117486A1 EP15712293.8A EP15712293A EP3117486A1 EP 3117486 A1 EP3117486 A1 EP 3117486A1 EP 15712293 A EP15712293 A EP 15712293A EP 3117486 A1 EP3117486 A1 EP 3117486A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- waves
- parameters
- absorption
- range
- incident
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/008—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with a particular shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems
- H01Q17/007—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems with means for controlling the absorption
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electromagnetic wave absorption device and to a method for designing and producing an electromagnetic wave absorption device.
- the electromagnetic waves emitted by the source must not reach certain areas for which they would be harmful (hospital, school, etc.).
- absorption devices or absorbers, which are materials that absorb incident waves.
- the invention proposes an electromagnetic wave absorption device, comprising a plurality of assemblies each comprising at least one electromagnetic wave absorption cell, characterized in that each set has a minimum absorption coefficient valid for given parameters of the incident waves on said set, said parameters comprising one or more of the following parameters: a pair of angular arrival direction ranges of the incident waves on the set, comprising a range of angles of incidence and range of azimuth angles, (or a solid angle containing the arrival directions of the incident waves), the polarization (s) of the incident waves, the parameters of the incident waves for which each set provides the minimum absorption coefficient being different from one set to another.
- said parameters furthermore comprise a frequency range of the incident waves
- the assemblies are arranged in concentric crowns; the sets are arranged in a polygonal plane
- the device comprises cells whose absorption plane is dimensioned so that a portion of the plane in a first direction is sized to absorb the incident waves having a first polarization, and that a portion of the plane in a second direction is sized to absorb the waves incidental with a second polarization different from the first.
- the invention also relates to an assembly comprising a source emitting and / or receiving electromagnetic waves, and an absorption device being configured to absorb electromagnetic waves from the source and / or towards the source, each set of cells having a minimum absorption coefficient valid for one or more of said incident wave parameters transmitted by the source to said set.
- the invention also relates to a method for designing and producing an absorption device, for a zone of an environment to which electromagnetic waves are directed, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
- identifying parameters of the incident waves on the zone comprising one or more of:
- a pair of angular arrival direction ranges of the incident waves on the assembly comprising a range of angles of incidence and a range of angles of azimuth
- the parameters of the incident waves furthermore comprise a frequency range of the incident waves;
- the method comprises the step of assembling the sets of absorption cells, so as to obtain an absorption device for the zone;
- the method comprises the steps of simulating or measuring the electromagnetic wave radiation performance of the source with the device in the zone, comparing the performance with specifications, and, in case of non-compliance, redrawing the zone into elementary zones finer, then make sets for these finer elemental areas;
- the process comprises:
- the invention has many advantages.
- the invention proposes an absorption device for a zone subjected to electromagnetic disturbances, the performances of which are optimized for the different waves incident on this zone.
- the invention makes it possible to obtain satisfactory absorption performance even though the incident waves have different parameters to each other, such as the angle of incidence, the azimuth angle, the polarization, or the frequency.
- FIG. 1 is a representation of an embodiment of an absorption device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a representation of a spherical landmark
- Figure 3 is a representation of an embodiment of an absorption cell
- Figure 4 is a representation of another embodiment of an absorption cell
- FIG. 5 is a representation of an embodiment wherein the absorption assemblies are arranged in concentric rings
- FIG. 6 shows the example of FIG. 4 and illustrates the concentric absorption sets adapted for different ranges of incidence angles
- Figure 7 is a variant of Figure 5 with an off-center source
- Figure 8 illustrates concentric absorption assemblies adapted for different angles of incidence and azimuth ranges
- Fig. 9 depicts steps of a method for designing and producing a system comprising an electromagnetic source, wherein the method of designing and producing an absorption device can register;
- Figure 1 1 describes steps of an embodiment of a method of designing and producing an absorption device, comprising steps of performance simulation;
- Figures 12 to 15 are examples of application of the device and the method of absorption.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of an electromagnetic wave absorption device 1.
- This device 1 comprises a plurality of sets E, (in Figure Ei, E 2 and E 3 ) each comprising at least one cell 2 for absorbing electromagnetic waves.
- each set Ei may comprise a single electromagnetic wave absorption cell 2, or a plurality of electromagnetic wave absorption cells 2.
- the cells 2 can provide an absorption function of incident electromagnetic waves.
- the cells 2 of a set Ei have a minimum absorption coefficient, valid for given parameters of the incident waves on said set Ei.
- the absorption coefficient is usually expressed in dB. This absorption coefficient is defined according to the desired specifications, which depend on the context and the mission.
- This absorption coefficient also depends on the technologies used for the cells. A typical value is between -15dB and -10dB.
- the value of the minimum absorption coefficient may be common to all sets, or be specific to each set.
- the parameters of the incident waves, for which each set Ei provides the minimum absorption coefficient for the waves incidental on said set may include at least one of the following parameters:
- At least one angular range ([ ⁇ , - ⁇ ' ⁇ ], [ ⁇ - ⁇ ']) of direction of arrival of the incident waves on the assembly.
- This angular range can also be defined by a solid angle of arrival direction of the incident waves on the assembly.
- a pair of angular ranges is taken into account, comprising both a range of angles of incidence [ ⁇ , - ⁇ ',] and a range of azimuth angles [ ⁇ - ⁇ '] ;
- the parameters may furthermore include a frequency range of the incident waves.
- the sets Ei of cells receive incident waves belonging to different frequency ranges. Therefore, each set Ei ensures in this case the minimum absorption coefficient for the range of frequencies specific to it, besides the parameters already mentioned above (angles of arrival direction, and / or polarization ).
- the incident waves on the device 1 have a direction of arrival whose angular definition, in a given reference, is different according to the sets Ei of the device 1.
- the angular range of arrival direction typically includes:
- a pair of angular ranges ([ ⁇ - ⁇ ' ⁇ ], [ ⁇ , - ⁇ ,]]) of direction of arrival of the incident waves on the set Ei, comprising both the range of angles of incidence [ ⁇ , - ⁇ ',] and the range of azimuth angle [ ⁇ - ⁇ ,'], is taken into account.
- the incident waves have, according to the emission sources, different polarizations.
- Examples of polarization include:
- TE transverse electric polarization
- TM transverse magnetic polarization
- the parameters of the incident waves for which each set E, ensures the minimum absorption coefficient are different from one set Ei to the other. This implies that at least one of the parameters, or all the parameters, is different from one set Ei to the other.
- the device 1 makes it possible to obtain a discretization of the absorption space, each set of cells being adapted to the specific parameters of the waves incident on said set.
- the device 1 makes it possible to optimize the absorption, by means of specific cell sets for each geographical zone.
- the device 1 is therefore configured to absorb the electromagnetic waves emitted and / or received by the source 15, each set Ei of cells having a minimum absorption coefficient valid for the parameters of the incident waves to said set Ei.
- the device 1 is made with a plurality of sets adapted to the parameters of the incident waves on said set.
- FIG. 3 shows a possible embodiment of an electromagnetic wave absorption cell 2.
- the cell 2 comprises a ground plane 10, an incident wave absorption plane 12, and a spacer 11 disposed between the ground plane 10 and the incident wave absorption plane 12.
- the plane 12 can adopt another polygonal or elliptical shape, or even a specific form adapted (Jerusalem cross, spirals, fractal patterns ).
- the term "plan” is a generic designation in that the plan includes a thickness.
- the spacer 1 1 is for example of the honeycomb type.
- the absorption plane 12 may be a high resistive impedance surface (SHI-R).
- a high impedance surface is a resonant surface that has the property of reflecting the electric field without phase shift. It typically includes repetitive metal patterns. Different shapes of metal patterns can be used, such as spiral, cross, or other.
- a typical solution is to introduce dielectric losses (via a ferrite, graphite, or other substrate), and / or losses. ohmic in the SHI, for example via resistors 30, as illustrated in FIG. 3.
- the resistors 30 are arranged along the longitudinal axis X and the transverse axis Y of the absorption plane 12 of each cell 2.
- the resistances of the different cells 2 are electrically connected to each other.
- a set Ei then comprises a periodic repetition of the same cells 2 connected to each other. However, the cells 2 are different from one set Ei to the other, in order to ensure the performance required for the parameters of the incident waves on said set.
- Different characteristics of the cells 2 are adjusted to enable them to provide the absorption function for the parameters which are specific to their own set Ei (angle of incidence, and / or polarization, frequency ranges, etc.).
- the values of the resistances, the geometry and thickness of the absorption plane 12, the geometric dimensions of the cell are adjusted in order to obtain the desired absorption performance for the parameters of the set Ei.
- the dimensions and characteristics of the cell can be obtained by simulations, in particular by iterations and / or optimization.
- the high impedance surface 40 may be supplemented by a resistive film 31.
- the resistive film 31 may be located near the high impedance surface or at a distance above it.
- FIG. 4 an assembly comprising a plurality of cells 2 is illustrated, a resistive film 31 being placed under the metal patterned absorption plane 12 of the cells 2.
- the spacer 1 1 here consists of an air knife .
- the film 42 between the resistive film 31 and the plane 12 is for example a PET film.
- the introduction of ohmic losses in IHS can be done via the introduction of localized resistive elements.
- One possible realization is the use of low conductivity tracks in SHI, such as copper or graphite, or by the introduction of low conductivity resistive inks.
- Figure 1 illustrates the cells 2 in an arrangement on parallel lines.
- Sets (Ei) can be arranged according to any tiling (hexagonal, square ).
- Sets Ei can be arranged in a polygonal plane.
- sets (Ei) do not necessarily have the same shapes and sizes.
- the sets (Ei) are not arranged in the same plane, but constitute the faces of a volume construction, such as for example a multifaceted volume construction.
- the sets may for example be arranged on a pyramid shape.
- the sets Ei are arranged in concentric rings.
- Each ring has different absorption properties, adapted to the parameters of the incident waves on said ring.
- the plane 12 of absorption of the cells 2 is dimensioned so that a portion of the plane 12 in a first direction is sized to absorb the incident waves having a first polarization and a portion of the plane 12 in a second direction is sized to absorb the incident waves having a second polarization different from the first.
- the first polarization is the TM polarization
- the second polarization is the TE polarization.
- an antenna 21 is present above a face 22 of an object.
- the reflective plane 23, modifying the radiation pattern of the antenna 21, is on the face 22.
- the object is for example a carrier, a structure or a reflector.
- the electromagnetic waves emitted or received by the antenna 21 tend to reflect on the face 22, and disturb the radiation pattern of the antenna 21.
- the device 1 is therefore disposed on all or part of the face 22 in order to absorb the disturbing incident waves emitted or received.
- the incident waves have an angle of incidence ⁇ , / ⁇ ', which differs according to the zone of impact on the face 22.
- the device 1 comprises a plurality of cells E1 to E4. Each set Ei has a minimum absorption coefficient that is valid for a range of angles of different incidence.
- the sets Ei are arranged in concentric rings.
- the radial dimension in the associated cylindrical coordinate system (in FIG. 5, symbolized by the letter R) of the cells 2 absorbs the polarization TM of the incident waves, and the orthoradial dimension (or concentric, symbolized by the letter C in Figure 5) absorbs the TE polarization.
- the minimum absorption level is less than -15dB for all Ei cells.
- the frequency range of the absorbed waves is identical for all the sets, and corresponds for example to the range 2-2.3 GHz.
- a source 36 emits electromagnetic waves to Ei sets of cells.
- the sets Ei of cells are adapted to absorb the waves for angles of incidence [ ⁇ , - ⁇ ',] ranges, and azimuth angle ranges [cpi-cpi'], different from a cell. to the other.
- the corresponding spherical landmark 37 is also illustrated.
- the set E0 is adapted for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 (for example between 0 ° and 15 °), and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 0 ° and 360 ° ;
- the assembly E1 is suitable for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 (for example between 15 ° and 40 °), and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 45 ° and 90 ° ;
- the assembly E2 is adapted for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 0 ° and 45 °;
- the assembly E3 is suitable for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 315 ° and 360 °;
- the assembly E4 is suitable for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 270 ° and 315 °;
- the assembly E5 is adapted for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 225 ° and 270 °;
- the assembly E6 is suitable for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 180 ° and 225 °;
- the assembly E7 is adapted for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 135 ° and 180 °;
- the assembly E8 is suitable for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, and for a range of azimuth angles ⁇ of between 90 ° and 135 °.
- the assemblies E9 to E16 are suitable for a range of angles of incidence between ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 (for example between 40 ° and 60 °), and for a range of azimuth angles respectively equal to the range of angles. of azimuth of sets E1 to E8.
- a method for designing and producing an absorption device 1 is described.
- This method can notably be integrated in a more general context of design and sizing of electromagnetic sources, such as an antenna, for a given mission, illustrated in FIG. 9.
- the antenna as well as the carrier or the structure of the antenna are selected (steps S1 / S2).
- the antenna is then arranged on the carrier or the structure according to the layout constraints (step S3).
- the radiation performance of the electromagnetic waves is analyzed (step S4).
- the disturbing zones are identified and analyzed, by simulation or experiment (step S5).
- the absorption device 1 is made to absorb these disturbing waves (step S6), and is arranged (step S7) on the structure or the zone which undergoes the disturbances. If the performances are judged satisfactory, the process is finished (step S8).
- An area 16 of an environment receives disturbing electromagnetic waves.
- a step M1 parameters of the incident waves on the zone 16 are identified. This identification is conducted by simulation, calculation or measurement.
- At least one angular range [ ⁇ , - ⁇ ',], [ ⁇ - ⁇ ']) of direction of arrival of the incident waves
- a pair of arrival direction angular ranges ([ ⁇ - ⁇ ' ⁇ ], [ ⁇ , - ⁇ ']) of the incident waves on the set (Ei) is taken into account.
- the parameters of the incident waves further comprise a range (f ,, f) of frequencies of the incident waves.
- the zone 16 is divided into a plurality of elementary zones.
- Step M3 said set Ei having a minimum absorption coefficient valid for one or more of the parameters of the incident waves on said elementary zone.
- the parameters in question can be those actually identified for each zone, or a different range of values taking into account the parameters identified (for example a wider range of values including the parameters actually measured or obtained by simulation).
- the minimum absorption coefficients may be different from one set to another, or the same.
- the sets Ei are made using one of the previously described technologies (SHI with resistors, SHI with resistive film, etc.), or according to other known technologies.
- the technologies used may vary from one set to another.
- step M4 the assembly depends on the technology used for the cells 2. It may be an electrical and / or mechanical assembly as appropriate.
- the device 1 can then be arranged on the zone 16.
- the method may also comprise (see FIG. 1 1) the intermediate step M2i of defining, for each elementary zone:
- the method further comprises the step of evaluating (step M2 2 ), for example by simulation or measurement, the radiation performance of the electromagnetic waves of a source emitting and / or receiving electromagnetic waves in the environment (by example of the waves returning to the source), when the device 1 as defined is disposed in the zone 16.
- the sets Ei are made (step M3).
- step M2 3 the zone 16 is redécoupée according to different elementary zones and sets Ei are made for these zones. For example, a finer division is used.
- the method of designing and producing the device 1 can be implemented in the following method:
- an antenna 35 is placed on a building. Zones 33 disturb the radiation of the antenna 35. In addition, areas 41 of a school or hospital are to be protected. An absorption device is thus placed on each of the zones 33, 41 in order to absorb the incident waves, taking into account the angle of incidence, the polarization, and, if appropriate, the frequency of the incident waves. .
- an antenna 43 is placed on a wing of an aircraft.
- the absorption device is disposed on the fuselage and / or the empennage of the aircraft. Different angles of incidence ⁇ , ⁇ 'are illustrated, and are taken into account by the sets Ei of the device 1.
- the antenna 43 is this time placed on the fuselage of the aircraft.
- An absorption device 1 is disposed under the antenna, at its ground plane, and another absorption device is disposed on the wing of the aircraft. Different angles of incidence ⁇ , ⁇ 'are illustrated, and are taken into account by the device 1.
- FIG. 15 Another example is illustrated in FIG. 15.
- An antenna 44 is disposed between two walls 47 of a cavity.
- the walls 47 are covered internally and / or externally with the device 1.
- one walls or all of the walls is retractable (arrow 48), in order to release the antenna 44.
- the invention has many applications in many technical fields requiring the absorption of disturbing electromagnetic waves.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Astronomy & Astrophysics (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1452143A FR3018638B1 (fr) | 2014-03-14 | 2014-03-14 | Dispositif et procede d'absorption multi-secteurs |
PCT/EP2015/055460 WO2015136121A1 (fr) | 2014-03-14 | 2015-03-16 | Dispositif et procédé d'absorption multi-secteurs |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3117486A1 true EP3117486A1 (fr) | 2017-01-18 |
Family
ID=51168045
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP15712293.8A Withdrawn EP3117486A1 (fr) | 2014-03-14 | 2015-03-16 | Dispositif et procédé d'absorption multi-secteurs |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3117486A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3018638B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2015136121A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3052600B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-10 | 2018-07-06 | Thales | Antenne filaire large bande a motifs resistifs |
EP3486686A1 (fr) | 2017-11-21 | 2019-05-22 | Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales | Module d'antenne gnss |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE69830360T2 (de) * | 1997-05-01 | 2005-10-27 | Kitagawa Industries Co., Ltd., Nagoya | Absorber für electromagnetsiche Wellen |
GB2329071A (en) * | 1997-09-05 | 1999-03-10 | David Graham Cass | Radio frequency absorber system |
US6169524B1 (en) * | 1999-01-15 | 2001-01-02 | Trw Inc. | Multi-pattern antenna having frequency selective or polarization sensitive zones |
US8717030B2 (en) * | 2010-11-18 | 2014-05-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Controlling electromagnetic radiation in a data center |
CN102983407B (zh) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-12-25 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | 三维结构超材料 |
-
2014
- 2014-03-14 FR FR1452143A patent/FR3018638B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2015
- 2015-03-16 WO PCT/EP2015/055460 patent/WO2015136121A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2015-03-16 EP EP15712293.8A patent/EP3117486A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
None * |
See also references of WO2015136121A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3018638B1 (fr) | 2017-07-07 |
FR3018638A1 (fr) | 2015-09-18 |
WO2015136121A1 (fr) | 2015-09-17 |
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