EP3114038B1 - Paper bag and method of production for such a bag - Google Patents
Paper bag and method of production for such a bag Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3114038B1 EP3114038B1 EP16719770.6A EP16719770A EP3114038B1 EP 3114038 B1 EP3114038 B1 EP 3114038B1 EP 16719770 A EP16719770 A EP 16719770A EP 3114038 B1 EP3114038 B1 EP 3114038B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gluing
- adhesive
- paper
- bonding agent
- paper bag
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 100
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010073 coating (rubber) Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D31/00—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents
- B65D31/02—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents with laminated walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/74—Auxiliary operations
- B31B70/81—Forming or attaching accessories, e.g. opening devices, closures or tear strings
- B31B70/84—Forming or attaching means for filling or dispensing contents, e.g. valves or spouts
- B31B70/85—Applying patches or flexible valve inserts, e.g. applying film-like valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D31/00—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents
- B65D31/04—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents with multiple walls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D31/00—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents
- B65D31/08—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents with block bottoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D31/00—Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents
- B65D31/14—Valve bags, i.e. with valves for filling
- B65D31/142—Valve bags, i.e. with valves for filling the filling port being formed by folding a flap connected to a side, e.g. block bottoms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
- B65D33/01—Ventilation or drainage of bags
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2155/00—Flexible containers made from webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2155/00—Flexible containers made from webs
- B31B2155/001—Flexible containers made from webs by folding webs longitudinally
- B31B2155/0014—Flexible containers made from webs by folding webs longitudinally having their openings facing transversally to the direction of movement
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2160/00—Shape of flexible containers
- B31B2160/20—Shape of flexible containers with structural provision for thickness of contents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B2170/00—Construction of flexible containers
- B31B2170/20—Construction of flexible containers having multi-layered walls, e.g. laminated or lined
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/60—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
- B31B70/62—Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping by adhesives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B—MAKING CONTAINERS OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
- B31B70/00—Making flexible containers, e.g. envelopes or bags
- B31B70/74—Auxiliary operations
- B31B70/79—Coating; Impregnating; Waterproofing; Decoating
Definitions
- the invention relates to a paper bag for particular fine-grained bulk material, such as cement, gypsum, granules, animal feed or the like, with a bottom and a top opposite the bottom, wherein the bottom and / or top are folded by adding the side panels to Thisfalzlinien and glued, in particular in the form of a cross or block floor.
- Another aspect of the invention relates to a special manufacturing method for such a paper bag.
- Generic paper sacks are known, for example from the EP 1 858 769 B1 , In particular, the usual sizes are 5 kilos, 10 kilos or 25 kilos distributed in the trade. They have one or more paper layers which are formed from paper or a paper composite and / or coated paper. It can also be layers of other materials, such as a plastic film, as in the case of EP 1 858 769 B1 ,
- Such paper bags are usually made of continuous paper webs, the longitudinal edges are glued like a tube.
- the tube is cut into sections of suitable length and at the open ends the tube sections are folded and glued bottom and top to close the paper bag ground and / or head side.
- a cross or block bottom fold is selected here, wherein as a rule a scoring or the like is carried out to facilitate the folding in the region of the fold lines.
- the folding parts are glued by means of a glue, usually a starch-water mixture. For manufacturing reasons, however, the glue used must be left out in the region of the fold lines.
- the glue recess leaves a non-bonded area along the score lines and edges / margins in the bottom and / or top of the paper bag. This can create channels that allow the exit of the dust-like filling material even after closing the bag.
- the laying of the bottom / top causes a certain amount of paper, causing curls of the paper and wrinkles and displacements in the region of the abutting edges of the bottom center, also called bottom center line, arise.
- These waves, wrinkles and edges can not be fully adhered to the starch glue, as it does not penetrate completely and does not extend to the folded edge. This requires an additional channel formation in addition to the channels of the folding lines, which increase the discharge amount of the filling material.
- the present invention therefore addresses the problem of providing dustproof paper bags.
- This object is achieved by a paper bag according to the features of claim 1 and by a manufacturing method according to the features of claim 9.
- Advantageous embodiments of the paper bag and the method are the subject of the subsequent independent claims to dependent claims.
- the invention is based on a generic paper bag with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- at least one adhesive or adhesive agent which can be activated after application is provided for bonding the side parts, the application surface of which runs continuously at least from one side fold line to at least the opposite side fold line of the side parts.
- Essential to the invention is the application of a continuous adhesive or adhesive trace in the form of a plurality of strip-like, parallel and activatable after the application adhesive or adhesive surfaces of a 39falzline to opposite 39falzline per Eckeinschlag. It is also critical that the application begins directly within the side fold lines and extends to at least the opposite side fold line. For a continuous bonding when folding the paper bag is achieved and the aforementioned adverse channeling can be effectively prevented.
- the subsequent activation allows the application at the beginning of the manufacturing process. In the deactivated state, there is thus no danger that individual machines will become dirty during the subsequent production process. Activation preferably takes place only immediately before the final collapsing of the paper bag. Therefore, individual fold lines and edge areas do not need to be recessed - as known from the use of a starch glue - but can be completely provided with the adhesive.
- each end region of the side-fold lines i. provided in the region of the two end impacts, at least one continuous adhesive or adhesive surface.
- at least two, preferably four continuous application surfaces of the adhesive or adhesive can be provided both on the bottom part and on the upper part. If an integration of a valve for filling the paper bag is provided, can be dispensed with the application of adhesive or adhesive in the region of the valve tube.
- At least one adhesive surface extends between the end regions of the respective side-fold lines, in particular transversely to the bottom centerline, which lies between the respective side-fold lines and is intended to be closed by the combination of the side parts.
- the applied adhesive or adhesive surface extends beyond at least one of the 39falzlinien, preferably to immediately to the edge of the Endinconce or beyond on the back.
- a plurality of strip-like and mutually parallel adhesive and / or adhesive surfaces are applied, wherein in the region of each end of the upper part and / or bottom at least two parallel strips are provided.
- non-continuous adhesive or adhesive surface or strip the partial sections of which fall at least on the side-fold lines and / or the center-fold line.
- the application of such an adhesive pattern of at least two parallel adhesive or adhesive strips, ideally in combination with a non-continuous adhesive or adhesive strips, is particularly advantageous if a different type of adhesive is used in addition for bonding the side panels.
- the adhesive surfaces with different types of adhesive can overlap or be arranged separately next to one another.
- the glue not in the region of the fold lines and not in the edge region of the side parts or strikes is applied as or glue coating dispenses with these areas.
- a separately applied, possibly different type of glue especially based on a starch-water mixture
- said glue not in the region of the fold lines and not in the edge region of the side parts or strikes is applied as or glue coating dispenses with these areas.
- the application of the adhesive and / or adhesive according to the invention in areas adjacent to the glue application.
- Ideal is an alternating application of the glue and the adhesive and / or adhesive used in the folding direction. For example, in the fold line direction adjacent areas of the side parts are glued alternately with the starch glue or the adhesive or adhesive with the impacts. This procedure makes it possible to exploit the advantages of both types of adhesive in every relevant area of the bond.
- Bonding with starch glue on paper ensures a particularly good and mechanical firm bond, since good adhesion of the glued paper layers is achieved and the bond penetrates particularly deeply into the paper.
- the bonding with the adhesive or adhesive used is not so strong, however, because of the transmittance across the bottom center line of the application, it ensures a completely adhesive bond, thereby avoiding the disadvantageous formation of channels or closing the resulting channels of starch adhesive bonding.
- This property has the advantage that the adhesive, i. the wet gumming or the envelope glue, after application to the paper bag, can be deactivated, for example by drying, in order to avoid soiling of the production machines during manufacture. Immediately before or after folding, the adhesive can then be activated.
- a bonding agent for example, a sealing compound, preferably a cold seal mass are used, which is activated upon compression of provided with the sealing compound surfaces and then acts as an adhesive.
- a sealing compound preferably a cold seal mass are used, which is activated upon compression of provided with the sealing compound surfaces and then acts as an adhesive.
- An application of liquid or steam is not necessary in this case.
- a hot melt adhesive which is deactivated by cooling and can be reactivated with subsequent heat supply.
- At least one film for closing the paper bag by means of the adhesive and / or adhesive and / or the applied glue with the side panels and / or the Endinoeuvre be glued.
- the introduction of such a film also referred to as an inner bar, in particular a water and dust-tight film, serves to realize a particularly preferred closure of the paper bag.
- the actual dust-tight bag closure is therefore no longer due to the folding of the side parts, but only by the application of the film.
- the side parts are preferably combined and bonded as known.
- the inner bar-forming film may preferably be formed from paper and / or coated paper and / or plastic and / or a metal foil.
- the inner bar can cover the applied adhesive and / or adhesive agent surface either partially or completely. In the partial cover, the excess adhesive or adhesive area can serve for the bonding of the side parts.
- the invention relates to a method for producing the paper bag according to the invention with a folded bottom and / or top.
- an adhesive and / or adhesive is applied to a paper roll or paper web for producing the paper sacks and / or printed prior to folding the bottom or the upper part.
- the application of the adhesive and / or adhesive takes place in such a way that an inventive paper bag according to the present invention or an advantageous embodiment of the invention results.
- the paper bag is then folded in the floor and glued, wherein the activation of the adhesive and / or adhesive used only immediately before or during folding or gluing the side panels he follows.
- a water-starch mixture is preferably applied in the floor layer, so that a gluing area with alternating adhesive / adhesive and starch glue surfaces is produced, in particular alternately in the direction of the side folding or bottom center lines.
- the activation of the pre-applied adhesive in the bottom layer can be activated by the addition of water and / or water vapor according to a preferred embodiment of the method.
- a water-starch mixture for bonding the side parts, it is expedient to simultaneously activate the applied adhesive in the bottom layer by this addition of water.
- a steam addition can also be effected by means of a pressure nozzle.
- At least one inner bar for airtight bag closure by means of the applied adhesive and / or adhesive and / or the starch-water mixture can be adhered to the folded but still unfolded bottom and / or top section.
- the application of the adhesive and / or adhesive to the paper web or paper roll is preferably carried out via a printing cylinder, which prints the desired surface shape in terms of the clock, so that the adhesive or adhesive pattern according to the invention results.
- the application of this adhesive and / or adhesive is advantageously carried out using a flexographic printing machine.
- the size and shape of the application surface and the application thickness of the adhesive can be made variable, for example, depending on the materials used and / or the production facility and / or the intended intended use of the produced paper bag, i. depending on the desired contents.
- the selected adhesive or adhesive is deactivated after the application for subsequent grooving or otherwise processing the fold lines during the process, such as by active or passive drying of the applied adhesive, so that subsequently for the grooving or other processing used machine parts or tools are not polluted by the existing adhesive in this area.
- the adhesive can be activated.
- a hot melt adhesive which can be activated by heat.
- the hot melt adhesive is applied warm or hot to the paper sack and deactivated after the first application in ways of cooling. Later, then for the addition or closing of the bottom or upper part, the activation of the hot melt adhesive by heat.
- the adhesive effect can be activated by pressing together surfaces which are covered with the cold sealant.
- the cold sealant is not only applied between the sofalzlinien, but also on the To apply areas of the side parts, which is pressed onto the corresponding surface between the fold lines.
- FIG. 1 shows the paper bag 10 according to the invention with a cross bottom 2 and an upper part 3, wherein the bottom 2 and the upper part 3 are folded on the front side 9 of the paper bag 10. Not recognizable is the back of the bag 10, which lies under the front side 9.
- a valve tube 50 is used to fill the paper bag 10.
- the paper bag may comprise two or more layers of paper or material.
- the number of paper or material layers used is irrelevant to the implementation of the invention, which is why it will not be discussed further.
- In the upper part of a known per se valve 50 may be provided for filling the bag.
- FIG. 2 an open partially folded bottom part 2 of a conventional paper bag 1 is first considered, in FIG. 2 is shown.
- the cross-bottom 2 is not folded, but the side flaps 5 are opened and the corner impacts 6 recognizable.
- both side flaps 5 are folded inwards in the direction of arrow 7 and that along the respective Soklappenfalzlinien 4, which are provided with a Bodenrillung.
- a glue surface 8 of a starch-water mixture is applied areally on the corresponding surfaces to the upper side flap 5 with the Eckeinellen 6 and the lower side flap 5 with the surface of the already folded side flap. 5 to stick together.
- the glue 8 is recessed and this area thus remains without glue. The same applies to the edge regions of the corner impacts 6 and the side flaps 5, the outer edge remains completely free of glue.
- This recess has the technical background that during production, in particular when creating the Bodenrillung along the creasing lines 4, no glue on the necessary production tools may get to it or in an application of the glue in the edge region it would come to contamination of underlying machine parts. Due to the recess in the glue 8 along the fold lines 4 and in the edge region, however, creates a disadvantageous air and dust permeable channel, from the contents of the bag inside over the in FIG. 6 marked The channeling is reinforced by the fact that when the bottom folds down a compression of the paper occurs, which in addition to a corrugation of the paper as well as wrinkling and displacement in the region of the abutting edges of the paper Ground centerline 4 "is coming. These waves and wrinkles and edges can not be fully adhered to the starch glue 8, as this does not penetrate completely and does not reach to the folded edge.
- FIG. 3 The inventive approach is in FIG. 3 clarified.
- the illustration likewise shows a detail of an open, partially folded cross base 2 of the paper bag 10 according to the invention.
- the features of the cross base 2 which are identical to those of the prior art are provided with identical reference numerals.
- the wet rubber lining 11 according to the invention is applied continuously between the two side fold lines 4 of the side parts 5.
- the prominent locations in the area of the side fold lines 4, the incisions 4 'and possible paper folds are airtight closed especially in the area of the bottom center 4 ", so that leakage of the contents is prevented when the paper bag 10 is closed.
- the wet rubber coating 11 is applied in a special adhesive pattern on the corner lugs 6 of the bottom 2.
- two parallel continuous adhesive strips 11 'and an interrupted adhesive strip 11 extendend from one side fold line 4 to the opposite side fold line 4.
- the adhesive strips 11', 11" are connected to one another via a full-surface adhesive surface 11 '".
- This advantageous arrangement of the adhesive surface 11 serves to achieve an alternating application of activatable adhesive 11 and conventional starch glue 8 in the direction of the center fold line 4, whereby the positive properties of both adhesives 8, 11 can advantageously be utilized according to FIG. 2 applied.
- the adhesive 11 in the form of wet gumming or the cold seal mass is applied cyclically to a paper roll or paper web 100 via a printing cylinder in a flexographic printing press as they are in FIG. 4 is shown.
- the adhesive 11 is applied in the region of the paper web 100, so that later in the subsequent process of bottom folding the in FIG. 3 shown adhesive pattern 11 results.
- the size and shape of the application surface and the application thickness of the activatable adhesive 11 or the cold seal mass can be made variable, for example, depending on the material used for the production of the paper bag 10 or the manufacturing process used or depending on the selected product for the produced Paper bag 10.
- the paper web 100 is folded in the so-called tube machine in the longitudinal direction overlapping and glued and so formed into a tube and then cut to a suitable length.
- the pre-printed with the adhesive 11 or cold seal tube sections are subsequently transported to the bottom layer of the manufacturing process.
- the sack bottoms 2 as in the FIG. 3 shown, folded and it is the known glue mixture 8 for bonding the crossbeam 2, as in FIG. 5 shown, applied to the side panels 5 and 6 Eckeinelle.
- the glue 8 used is based on a starch-water mixture, wherein care must be taken during the application that it is recessed in the region of the side flap fold lines 4 and the edge regions of the side flaps 5 and corner folds 6. Also on the floor laying a Bodenrillung is generated along the 9.
- the necessary to activate the adhesive 11 moistening is carried out by the applied starch-water mixture 8. This is achieved in that the adhesive 11 is activated by the capillary action of the paper.
- the water contained in the starch glue 8 spreads in the paper and diffuses to the glue points 11, whereby these are dissolved and made adhesive in the manner of an envelope.
- the moistening of the adhesive 11 can be assisted by a suitable nozzle by means of water vapor.
- the applied cross bottom 2 of the paper bag 10 according to the invention is now in the range of (klappenfalzlinien 4, the bottom center channel 4 "and the edge regions 4 'well closed, so that in particular in the area of the marked sack edges 20 of FIG. 6 no filling material can escape.
- the bag 10 is characterized clearly dustproof and thus prevents contamination of the bottling plant at the customer, as well as contamination of the filled bags 10 on the pallet.
- the upper part 3 can be configured in analogy to the bottom 2.
- a so-called inner bar can additionally be applied, which closes the bottom part 2 of the paper bag 10 airtight.
- Such an inner bar consists for example of a plastic film which either completely covers the adhesive surfaces of the adhesive 11 or alternatively is only partially glued to certain surfaces of the adhesive 11. The bonding takes place in any case such that the opening of the bottom part 2 is completely airtight and dust-tight by means of the film is glued.
- the side parts 5 contribute to the dust-tight closure of the paper bag nothing, but the folding is only the optical design of the paper bag 10 for transport purposes.
- Another variant may be configured such that the rubber coating 11 for the Bodenverklebung is only partially covered by an inner bar. The uncovered part is then glued in the admission of the bottom 2.
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- Making Paper Articles (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Papiersack für insbesondere feinkörniges Schüttgut, wie Zement, Gips, Granulat, Tierfutter oder ähnliches, mit einem Boden und mit einem dem Boden gegenüberliegenden Oberteil, wobei Boden und/oder Oberteil durch Zulegen der Seitenteile um Seitenfalzlinien gefaltet und verklebt sind, insbesondere in Form eines Kreuz- oder Blockbodens. Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft ein spezielles Herstellungsverfahren für einen derartigen Papiersack.The invention relates to a paper bag for particular fine-grained bulk material, such as cement, gypsum, granules, animal feed or the like, with a bottom and a top opposite the bottom, wherein the bottom and / or top are folded by adding the side panels to Seitenfalzlinien and glued, in particular in the form of a cross or block floor. Another aspect of the invention relates to a special manufacturing method for such a paper bag.
Gattungsgemäße Papiersäcke sind bekannt, beispielsweise aus der
Hergestellt werden derartige Papiersäcke in der Regel aus Endlos-Papierbahnen, deren Längsränder schlauchartig verklebt werden. Zur Bildung der Säcke wird der Schlauch in Abschnitte geeigneter Länge geschnitten und an den offenen Enden der Schlauchabschnitte werden Boden und Oberteil gefaltet und verklebt, um den Papiersack boden- und/oder kopfseitig zu verschließen. Üblicherweise wird hier eine Kreuz- oder Blockbodenfaltung gewählt, wobei in der Regel zur Erleichterung der Faltung im Bereich der Falzlinien eine Rillung oder ähnlich vorgenommen wird. Die Faltteile werden mittels eines Leims, üblicherweise einem Stärke-Wassergemisch, verklebt. Aus herstellungstechnischen Gründen muss jedoch der verwendete Leim im Bereich der Falzlinien ausgespart werden. Diese Einschränkung ist dadurch begründet, dass der Leim im Bereich der Falzlinien bzw. im Randbereich zu einer Verschmutzung der Produktionsmaschine zur Papiersackherstellung führen würde und eine fortlaufende Produktion der Papiersäcke so nicht möglich wäre. Insbesondere beim Aufbringen einer Rillung im Bereich der Falzlinien würde ein in diesem Bereich vorhandener Leimauftrag zu einer starken Verschmutzung der in der Maschine zur Rillung eingesetzten Werkzeuge führen. Darüber hinaus muss beim Auftrag des Stärke-Leimmusters auch ein gewisser Mindestabstand von den Kanten bzw. Seitenrändern des Bodens/Oberteils eingehalten werden, da ansonsten ebenfalls eine Verschmutzung und Verklebung gewisser Maschinenteile droht.Such paper bags are usually made of continuous paper webs, the longitudinal edges are glued like a tube. To form the bags, the tube is cut into sections of suitable length and at the open ends the tube sections are folded and glued bottom and top to close the paper bag ground and / or head side. Usually, a cross or block bottom fold is selected here, wherein as a rule a scoring or the like is carried out to facilitate the folding in the region of the fold lines. The folding parts are glued by means of a glue, usually a starch-water mixture. For manufacturing reasons, however, the glue used must be left out in the region of the fold lines. This restriction is due to the fact that the glue in the region of the fold lines or in the edge region would lead to contamination of the production machine for paper bag production and thus a continuous production of the paper sacks would not be possible. In particular, when applying a grooving in the region of the fold lines an existing in this area glue application would lead to a strong contamination of the tools used in the machine for grooving. In addition, during the application of the starch glue pattern, a certain minimum distance from the edges or side edges of the bottom / top part must be maintained, since otherwise also a contamination and adhesion of certain machine parts threatens.
Durch die Leimaussparung verbleibt jedoch ein nichtverklebter Bereich entlang der Falzlinien und Kanten/Seitenränder im Boden und/oder Oberteil des Papiersackes. Dadurch können Kanäle entstehen, die den Austritt des staubförmigen Füllgutes auch nach dem Verschließen des Sackes ermöglichen.However, the glue recess leaves a non-bonded area along the score lines and edges / margins in the bottom and / or top of the paper bag. This can create channels that allow the exit of the dust-like filling material even after closing the bag.
Weiterhin bewirkt das Zulegen des Bodens/Oberteils eine gewisse Papierstauchung, wodurch Wellungen des Papiers sowie Falten und Verschiebungen im Bereich der Stoßkanten der Bodenmitte, auch Bodenmittellinie genannt, entstehen. Auch diese Wellen, Falten sowie Kanten können mit dem Stärkeleim nicht vollständig verklebt werden, da dieser nicht vollständig eindringt und nicht bis zur Falzkante reicht. Dies bedingt eine zusätzliche Kanalbildung neben den Kanälen der Falzlinien, die die Austrittmenge des Füllgutes erhöhen.Furthermore, the laying of the bottom / top causes a certain amount of paper, causing curls of the paper and wrinkles and displacements in the region of the abutting edges of the bottom center, also called bottom center line, arise. These waves, wrinkles and edges can not be fully adhered to the starch glue, as it does not penetrate completely and does not extend to the folded edge. This requires an additional channel formation in addition to the channels of the folding lines, which increase the discharge amount of the filling material.
Aus der
Die vorliegende Erfindung befasst sich daher mit der Aufgabe, staubdichtere Papiersäcke bereitzustellen.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch einen Papiersack gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 sowie durch ein Herstellungsverfahren gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 9. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Papiersackes sowie des Verfahrens sind Gegenstand der sich an die jeweiligen unabhängigen Ansprüche anschließenden abhängige Ansprüche.
Die Erfindung geht von einem gattungsgemäßen Papiersack mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 aus. Erfindungsgemäß ist zur Verklebung der Seitenteile wenigstens ein nach der Aufbringung aktivierbares Klebe- oder Haftmittel vorgesehen, wobei dessen Auftragungsfläche zumindest von einer Seitenfalzlinie bis mindestens zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenfalzlinie der Seitenteile durchgängig verläuft. Erfindungswesentlich ist die Aufbringung einer durchgängigen Klebe- bzw. Haftmittelspur in Form von mehreren streifenartig, parallel verlaufenden und nach der Aufbringung aktivierbaren Klebe- oder Haftmittelflächen von einer Seitenfalzlinie zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenfalzlinie pro Eckeinschlag. Ferner ist entscheidend, dass die Aufbringung direkt innerhalb der Seitenfalzlinien beginnt und bis mindestens zur gegenüberliegenden Seitenfalzlinie verläuft. Damit wird eine durchgehende Verklebung beim Zusammenlegen des Papiersackes erreicht und die vorgenannte nachteilige Kanalbildung lässt sich effektiv verhindern. Die nachträgliche Aktivierung erlaubt die Aufbringung zu Beginn des Herstellungsprozesses. Im deaktivierten Zustand besteht somit keine Gefahr, dass einzelne Maschinen während des nachfolgenden Herstellungsprozesses verschmutzen. Eine Aktivierung erfolgt vorzugsweise erst unmittelbar vor dem endgültigen Zusammenlegen des Papiersackes. Einzelne Falzlinien sowie Randbereiche müssen demnach nicht - wie bei der Verwendung von einem Stärkeleim bekannt - ausgespart werden, sondern können vollständig mit dem Klebe- bzw. Haftmittel versehen werden.The present invention therefore addresses the problem of providing dustproof paper bags.
This object is achieved by a paper bag according to the features of
The invention is based on a generic paper bag with the features of the preamble of
Als Seitenfalzlinien werden diejenigen Falzlinien verstanden, um die die Seitenklappen zugelegt werden. Bei der Kreuz- und Blockbodenfaltung wird entlang der beiden Seitenklappenfalzlinien zum Schluss gefaltet, sodass diese Falzlinien zum Sackäußeren führen. An den äußeren Bereichen der Seitenklappenfalzlinien befinden sich die Endeinschläge, die beim Kreuzboden als nach außen spitze Eckeinschläge und beim Blockboden als trapezförmige Einschläge ausgebildet sind. Die Seitenteile werden um die Seitenfalzlinien nach innen gefaltet, um diese mittels des Klebe- oder Haftmittels mit den Endeinschlägen und/oder miteinander zu verkleben.As Seitenfalzlinien are those fold lines understood by the side flaps are added. In the case of the cross and block bottom folding, the two side flap fold lines are finally folded so that these fold lines lead to the outside of the bag. At the outer areas of the Seitenklappenfalzlinien are the Endinschläge, which are formed at the cross bottom as outwardly pointed corner strokes and the block bottom as trapezoidal impacts. The side panels are folded inwardly about the side fold lines to bond them to the end panels and / or each other by means of the adhesive or adhesive.
Vorteilhafterweise ist in jedem Endbereich der Seitenfalzlinien, d.h. im Bereich der beiden Endeinschläge, wenigstens eine durchgängige Klebe- oder Haftmittelfläche vorgesehen. Insgesamt können sowohl am Bodenteil als auch am Oberteil jeweils mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise vier durchgängige Auftragsflächen des Klebe- bzw. Haftmittels vorgesehen sein. Sofern eine Integration eines Ventils zum Befüllen des Papiersackes vorgesehen ist, kann auf das Aufbringen von Klebe- bzw. Haftmittel im Bereich des Ventilschlauchs verzichtet werden.Advantageously, in each end region of the side-fold lines, i. provided in the region of the two end impacts, at least one continuous adhesive or adhesive surface. Overall, at least two, preferably four continuous application surfaces of the adhesive or adhesive can be provided both on the bottom part and on the upper part. If an integration of a valve for filling the paper bag is provided, can be dispensed with the application of adhesive or adhesive in the region of the valve tube.
Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich wenigstens eine Klebe- bzw. Haftmittelfläche zwischen den Endbereichen der jeweiligen Seitenfalzlinien, insbesondere quer zur Bodenmittellinie, die zwischen den jeweiligen Seitenfalzlinien liegt und durch die Zusammenlegung der Seitenteile verschlossen werden soll.Preferably, at least one adhesive surface extends between the end regions of the respective side-fold lines, in particular transversely to the bottom centerline, which lies between the respective side-fold lines and is intended to be closed by the combination of the side parts.
Denkbar ist es ebenfalls, dass die aufgebrachte Klebe- oder Haftmittelfläche über wenigstens eine der Seitenfalzlinien hinausverläuft, vorzugsweise bis unmittelbar zur Kante der Endeinschläge oder darüber hinaus auf dessen Rückseite.It is also conceivable that the applied adhesive or adhesive surface extends beyond at least one of the Seitenfalzlinien, preferably to immediately to the edge of the Endinschläge or beyond on the back.
Erfindungsgemäß sind mehrerer streifenartige und parallel zueinander verlaufende Klebe- und/oder Haftmittelflächen aufgebracht, wobei im Bereich jedes Endeinschlages des Oberteils und/oder Bodens wenigstens zwei parallelverlaufende Streifen vorgesehen sind.According to the invention, a plurality of strip-like and mutually parallel adhesive and / or adhesive surfaces are applied, wherein in the region of each end of the upper part and / or bottom at least two parallel strips are provided.
Ergänzend kann zudem eine nicht durchgängige Klebe- oder Haftmittelfläche bzw. - streifen vorgesehen sein, dessen Teilabschnitte zumindest auf die Seitenfalzlinien und/oder die Mittelfalzlinie fallen. Die Aufbringung eines derartigen Klebemusters aus wenigstens zwei parallel verlaufenden Klebe- oder Haftmittelstreifen, idealerweise in Kombination mit einem nichtdurchgängigen Klebe- bzw. Haftmittelstreifen, ist insbesondere dann vorteilhaft, wenn zur Verklebung der Seitenteile ergänzend ein andersartiger Klebestoff zum Einsatz kommt. Die Verklebeflächen mit unterschiedlichen Klebstoffarten können sich überschneiden oder getrennt nebeneinander angeordnet sein.In addition, it is additionally possible to provide a non-continuous adhesive or adhesive surface or strip, the partial sections of which fall at least on the side-fold lines and / or the center-fold line. The application of such an adhesive pattern of at least two parallel adhesive or adhesive strips, ideally in combination with a non-continuous adhesive or adhesive strips, is particularly advantageous if a different type of adhesive is used in addition for bonding the side panels. The adhesive surfaces with different types of adhesive can overlap or be arranged separately next to one another.
Vorzugsweise sind zur festen und stabilen Verklebung Boden- und/oder Oberteil bzw. deren Falzteile zusätzlich mit einem gesondert aufgetragenen, gegebenenfalls andersartigen Leim verklebt, insbesondere auf Basis eines Stärke-Wassergemisches, wobei dieser Leim nicht im Bereich der Falzlinien sowie nicht im Randbereich der Seitenteile oder Einschläge aufgetragen ist, alsoder Leimauftrag diese Bereiche ausspart. Besonders vorteilhaft ist dabei die Aufbringung des erfindungsgemäßen Klebemittels und/oder Haftmittels in Bereichen benachbart zum Leimauftrag. Ideal ist eine alternierende Auftragung des Leims und des verwendeten Klebe- und/oder Haftmittels in Falzrichtung. Beispielsweise werden in Falzlinienrichtung nebeneinander liegenden Bereiche der Seitenteile abwechselnd mit dem Stärkeleim oder dem Klebe- bzw. Haftmittel mit den Einschlägen verklebt. Durch diese Vorgehensweise lassen sich die Vorteile beider Klebetypen in jedem relevanten Bereich der Verklebung ausnutzen. Die Verklebung mit Stärkeleim auf Papier sorgt für eine besonders gute und mechanische feste Verklebung, da eine gute Verfaserung der verklebten Papierschichten erreicht wird und die Verklebung dringt besonders tief in das Papier ein. Die Verklebung mit dem verwendeten Klebe- bzw. Haftmittel ist demgegenüber nicht so fest, sorgt jedoch durch die quer zur Bodenmitellinie durgängige Auftragung für eine flächenmäßig vollständige Verklebung, wodurch die nachteilige Kanalbildung vermieden bzw.- die entstehenden Kanäle der Stärkeleimverklebung verschlossen werden.Preferably, for firm and stable bonding of the bottom and / or top or their rabbets additionally glued with a separately applied, possibly different type of glue, especially based on a starch-water mixture, said glue not in the region of the fold lines and not in the edge region of the side parts or strikes is applied as or glue coating dispenses with these areas. Particularly advantageous is the application of the adhesive and / or adhesive according to the invention in areas adjacent to the glue application. Ideal is an alternating application of the glue and the adhesive and / or adhesive used in the folding direction. For example, in the fold line direction adjacent areas of the side parts are glued alternately with the starch glue or the adhesive or adhesive with the impacts. This procedure makes it possible to exploit the advantages of both types of adhesive in every relevant area of the bond. Bonding with starch glue on paper ensures a particularly good and mechanical firm bond, since good adhesion of the glued paper layers is achieved and the bond penetrates particularly deeply into the paper. By contrast, the bonding with the adhesive or adhesive used is not so strong, however, because of the transmittance across the bottom center line of the application, it ensures a completely adhesive bond, thereby avoiding the disadvantageous formation of channels or closing the resulting channels of starch adhesive bonding.
Bevorzugt wird als Klebemittel eine Nassgummierung bzw. sog. Briefumschlagleim verwendet, die durch Liquid oder Dampfzugabe, insbesondere Wasser oder Wasserdampf aktivierbar sind. Diese Eigenschaft hat den Vorteil, dass der Klebstoff, d.h. die Nassgummierung bzw. der Briefumschlagleim, nach dem Aufbringen auf dem Papiersack deaktivierbar ist, beispielsweise durch Trocknung, um Verschmutzungen der Produktionsmaschinen während der Herstellung zu vermeiden. Unmittelbar vor oder nach dem Falten kann der Klebstoff dann aktiviert werden.A wet rubber or so-called envelope glue which can be activated by liquid or steam addition, in particular water or steam, is preferably used as the adhesive. This property has the advantage that the adhesive, i. the wet gumming or the envelope glue, after application to the paper bag, can be deactivated, for example by drying, in order to avoid soiling of the production machines during manufacture. Immediately before or after folding, the adhesive can then be activated.
Als Haftmittel kann beispielsweise eine Siegelmasse, vorzugsweise eine Kaltsiegelmasse eingesetzt werden, die beim Zusammendrücken von mit der Siegelmasse versehenen Flächen aktiviert wird und dann klebend wirkt. Eine Aufbringung von Liquid oder Dampf ist in diesem Fall nicht notwendig. Vorstellbar ist ebenfalls die Verwendung eines Heißklebers, der durch Kühlung deaktiviert und mit nachfolgender Wärmezuführung reaktiverbar ist.As a bonding agent, for example, a sealing compound, preferably a cold seal mass are used, which is activated upon compression of provided with the sealing compound surfaces and then acts as an adhesive. An application of liquid or steam is not necessary in this case. Also conceivable is the use of a hot melt adhesive, which is deactivated by cooling and can be reactivated with subsequent heat supply.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann wenigstens eine Folie zum Verschluss des Papiersackes mittels des Klebe- und/oder Haftmittels und/oder des aufgetragenen Leims mit den Seitenteilen und/oder den Endeinschlägen verklebt sein. Die Einbringung einer solchen Folie, auch als Innenriegel bezeichnet, insbesondere einer wasser- und staubdichten Folie, dient zur Realisierung einer besonders bevorzugten Schließung des Papiersackes. Der eigentliche staubdichte Sackverschluss erfolgt demnach nicht mehr durch das Zusammenlegen der Seitenteile, sondern lediglich durch die Aufbringung der Folie. Zu Transportzwecken werden bevorzugt jedoch auch die Seitenteile wie bekannt zusammengelegt und verklebt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one film for closing the paper bag by means of the adhesive and / or adhesive and / or the applied glue with the side panels and / or the Endinschläge be glued. The introduction of such a film, also referred to as an inner bar, in particular a water and dust-tight film, serves to realize a particularly preferred closure of the paper bag. The actual dust-tight bag closure is therefore no longer due to the folding of the side parts, but only by the application of the film. For transport purposes, however, the side parts are preferably combined and bonded as known.
Die den Innenriegel bildende Folie kann vorzugsweise aus Papier und/oder beschichtetem Papier und/oder Kunststoff und/oder einer Metallfolie gebildet sein. Der Innenriegel kann die aufgetragene Klebe- und/oder Halthaftmittelfläche entweder teilweise oder auch vollständig abdecken. Bei der teilweisen Abdeckung kann der überschüssige Klebe- oder Haftmittelbereich für die Verklebung der Seitenteile dienen.The inner bar-forming film may preferably be formed from paper and / or coated paper and / or plastic and / or a metal foil. The inner bar can cover the applied adhesive and / or adhesive agent surface either partially or completely. In the partial cover, the excess adhesive or adhesive area can serve for the bonding of the side parts.
Neben dem erfindungsgemäßen Papiersack betrifft die Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Papiersackes mit einem gefalteten Boden und/oder Oberteil. Erfindungsgemäß wird vor dem Falten des Bodens bzw. des Oberteils ein Klebe- und/oder Haftmittel auf eine Papierrolle bzw. Papierbahn zur Herstellung der Papiersäcke aufgetragen und/oder aufgedruckt. Der Auftrag des Klebe- und/oder Haftmittels erfolgt derart, sodass sich ein erfindungsgemäßer Papiersack gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung bzw. einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ergibt. Erst nach dem Auftragen der Klebe- und/oder Haftmittelfläche auf die Papierrolle bzw. Papierbahn wird der Papiersack anschließend im Bodenleger gefaltet und verklebt, wobei die Aktivierung des verwendeten Klebe- und/oder Haftmittels erst unmittelbar vor bzw. beim Zusammenlegen bzw. Verkleben der Seitenteile erfolgt.In addition to the paper bag according to the invention, the invention relates to a method for producing the paper bag according to the invention with a folded bottom and / or top. According to the invention, an adhesive and / or adhesive is applied to a paper roll or paper web for producing the paper sacks and / or printed prior to folding the bottom or the upper part. The application of the adhesive and / or adhesive takes place in such a way that an inventive paper bag according to the present invention or an advantageous embodiment of the invention results. Only after the application of the adhesive and / or adhesive surface on the paper roll or paper web, the paper bag is then folded in the floor and glued, wherein the activation of the adhesive and / or adhesive used only immediately before or during folding or gluing the side panels he follows.
Ferner wird bevorzugt im Bodenleger ein Wasserstärke-Gemisch aufgetragen, sodass ein Verklebebereich mit alternierenden Klebe-/Haftmittel- und Stärkeleimflächen entsteht, insbesondere alternierend in Richtung der Seitenfalz- bzw. Bodenmittellinien.Furthermore, a water-starch mixture is preferably applied in the floor layer, so that a gluing area with alternating adhesive / adhesive and starch glue surfaces is produced, in particular alternately in the direction of the side folding or bottom center lines.
Die Aktivierung des vorab aufgetragenen Klebemittels im Bodenleger kann gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens durch die Zugabe von Wasser und/oder Wasserdampf aktiviert werden. Bei der Verwendung eines Wasserstärke-Gemisches zur Verklebung der Seitenteile ist es zweckmäßig, durch diese Wasserzugabe gleichzeitig das aufgetragene Klebemittel im Bodenleger zu aktivieren. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann ebenfalls eine Wasserdampfzugabe per Druckdüse erfolgen.The activation of the pre-applied adhesive in the bottom layer can be activated by the addition of water and / or water vapor according to a preferred embodiment of the method. When using a water-starch mixture for bonding the side parts, it is expedient to simultaneously activate the applied adhesive in the bottom layer by this addition of water. Additionally or alternatively, a steam addition can also be effected by means of a pressure nozzle.
In einem optionalen Verfahrensschritt kann auf den gefalteten jedoch noch aufgeklappten Boden- und/oder Oberteilbereich wenigstens ein Innenriegel zur luftdichten Sackverschließung mittels des aufgebrachten Klebe- und/oder Haftmittels und/oder des Stärke-Wassergemisches aufgeklebt werden.In an optional method step, at least one inner bar for airtight bag closure by means of the applied adhesive and / or adhesive and / or the starch-water mixture can be adhered to the folded but still unfolded bottom and / or top section.
Die Aufbringung des Klebe- und/oder Haftmittels auf die Papierbahn bzw. Papierrolle erfolgt vorzugsweise über einen Druckzylinder, der taktmäßig die gewünschte Flächenform aufdruckt, sodass sich das erfindungsgemäße Klebe- bzw. Haftmittelmuster ergibt. Die Aufbringung dieses Klebe- und/oder Haftmittels erfolgt vorteilhaft mit Hilfe einer Flexodruckmaschine.The application of the adhesive and / or adhesive to the paper web or paper roll is preferably carried out via a printing cylinder, which prints the desired surface shape in terms of the clock, so that the adhesive or adhesive pattern according to the invention results. The application of this adhesive and / or adhesive is advantageously carried out using a flexographic printing machine.
Größe und Form der Auftragsfläche sowie die Auftragsstärke des Klebe- bzw. Haftmittels kann variabel gestaltet werden, beispielsweise in Abhängigkeit der verwendeten Materialien und/oder der Produktionsanlage und/oder des beabsichtigten Abwendungszweckes des hergestellten Papiersackes, d.h. in Abhängigkeit des gewünschten Füllgutes.The size and shape of the application surface and the application thickness of the adhesive can be made variable, for example, depending on the materials used and / or the production facility and / or the intended intended use of the produced paper bag, i. depending on the desired contents.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung wird während des Verfahrens das gewählte Klebe- bzw. Haftmittel nach dem Auftragen für eine nachfolgende Rillung oder anderweitige Bearbeitung der Falzlinien deaktiviert, so beispielsweise durch aktive oder passive Trocknung des aufgebrachten Klebemittels, sodass nachfolgend für die Rillung oder anderweitige Bearbeitung eingesetzte Maschinenteile bzw. -Werkzeuge nicht durch den in diesem Bereich vorhandenen Klebstoff verschmutzt werden. Nach dieser Rillung bzw. Bearbeitung, d.h. wenn keine Maschinenteile bzw. Werkzeuge mehr in Kontakt mit den Falzlinien kommen, kann der Klebstoff aktiviert werden. In einer anderen bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann als Klebemittel auch ein Heißkleber verwendet werden, der durch Wärmezufuhr aktiviert werden kann. Besonders bevorzugt wird der Heißkleber warm bzw. heiß auf den Papiersack aufgebracht und nach der Aufbringung zunächst in Wege der Kühlung deaktiviert. Später erfolgt dann für das Zulegen bzw. Verschließen des Bodens bzw. Oberteils die Aktivierung des Heißklebers durch Wärmezufuhr.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the selected adhesive or adhesive is deactivated after the application for subsequent grooving or otherwise processing the fold lines during the process, such as by active or passive drying of the applied adhesive, so that subsequently for the grooving or other processing used machine parts or tools are not polluted by the existing adhesive in this area. After this grooving or processing, i. If no machine parts or tools come into contact with the fold lines, the adhesive can be activated. In another preferred embodiment of the invention can be used as an adhesive and a hot melt adhesive, which can be activated by heat. Particularly preferably, the hot melt adhesive is applied warm or hot to the paper sack and deactivated after the first application in ways of cooling. Later, then for the addition or closing of the bottom or upper part, the activation of the hot melt adhesive by heat.
Wenn bevorzugt eine Siegelmasse, insbesondere Kaltsiegelmasse verwendet wird, kann die Klebewirkung dadurch aktiviert werden, dass Flächen, die mit der Kaltsiegelmasse bedeckt sind, zusammengedrückt werden. Dazu ist die Kaltsiegelmasse nicht nur zwischen den Seitenfalzlinien aufzubringen, sondern zudem auch auf den Bereichen der Seitenteile aufzutragen, die auf die entsprechende Fläche zwischen den Falzlinien gedrückt wird.If a sealing compound, in particular cold sealant is preferably used, the adhesive effect can be activated by pressing together surfaces which are covered with the cold sealant. For this purpose, the cold sealant is not only applied between the Seitenfalzlinien, but also on the To apply areas of the side parts, which is pressed onto the corresponding surface between the fold lines.
Weitere Vorteile und Eigenschaften der Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.Further advantages and features of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings.
Es zeigen:
- Figur 1:
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Papiersack mit Boden und Oberteil,
- Figur 2:
- eine Draufsicht auf den offenen Boden eines Papiersackes gemäß dem Stand der Technik,
- Figur 3:
- eine Draufsicht auf den offenen Boden des erfindungsgemäßen Papiersackes,
- Figur 4:
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausschnittes einer Papierbahn zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Papiersackes,
- Figur 5:
- eine weitere Draufsicht auf den erfindungsgemäßen Papiersack mit offenem Boden und
- Figur 6:
- eine Draufsicht auf den geschlossenen Boden des erfindungsgemäßen Papiersackes.
- FIG. 1:
- a schematic plan view of a paper bag according to the invention with bottom and top,
- FIG. 2:
- a plan view of the open bottom of a paper bag according to the prior art,
- FIG. 3:
- a plan view of the open bottom of the paper bag according to the invention,
- FIG. 4:
- a schematic representation of a section of a paper web for producing a paper bag according to the invention,
- FIG. 5:
- a further plan view of the paper bag according to the invention with open bottom and
- FIG. 6:
- a plan view of the closed bottom of the paper bag according to the invention.
Der Papiersack kann zwei oder mehr Papier- bzw. Materialschichten umfassen. Die konkrete Ausgestaltung des Papiersackes 10, d.h. die verwendete Anzahl an Papier- bzw. Materiallagen ist für die Ausführung der Erfindung unerheblich, weshalb nicht näher darauf eingegangen wird. Im Oberteil kann ein an sich bekanntes Ventil 50 zum Befüllen des Sackes vorgesehen sein.The paper bag may comprise two or more layers of paper or material. The concrete embodiment of the
Zur Verdeutlichung der Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung wird zunächst ein offenes teilgefaltetes Bodenteil 2 eines konventionellen Papiersackes 1 betrachtet, das in
Zur Verklebung des Kreuzbodens, d.h. der beiden Seitenklappen 5, ist flächig ein Leim 8 aus einem Stärke-Wassergemisch bereichsweise auf den entsprechenden Oberflächen aufgebracht, um die obere Seitenklappe 5 mit den Eckeinschlägen 6 und die untere Seitenklappe 5 mit der Oberfläche der bereits eingeklappten Seitenklappe 5 zu verkleben. Weiterhin ist in
Diese Aussparung hat den technischen Hintergrund, dass während der Produktion, insbesondere beim Erstellen der Bodenrillung entlang der Falzlinien 4, kein Leim auf die dazu notwendigen Produktionswerkzeuge gelangen darf bzw. bei einer Aufbringung des Leims im Randbereich es zu einer Verschmutzung darunter liegender Maschinenteile kommen würde. Aufgrund der Aussparung im Leimauftrag 8 entlang der Falzlinien 4 und im Randbereich entsteht jedoch nachteilig ein luft- und staubdurchlässiger Kanal, aus dem Füllgut vom Sackinneren über die in
Der erfindungsgemäße Lösungsansatz ist in
In der Darstellung gemäß
Diese vorteilhafte Anordnung der Klebefläche 11 dient zur Erreichung einer in Richtung der Mittelfalzlinie 4" alternierenden Aufbringung von aktivierbarem Klebstoff 11 und konventionellem Stärkeleim 8, wodurch vorteilhaft die positiven Eigenschaften beider Klebemittel 8, 11 ausgenutzt werden können. Der Stärkeleim 8 wird wie bisher mit dem Muster gemäß
Als Klebstoff wird im Ausführungsbeispiel eine Nassgummierung 11 vorgeschlagen, als Alternativen sind jedoch auch die Verwendung Siegelmasse, insbesondere Kaltsiegelmasse, bzw. eines Heißklebers denkbar.As an adhesive wet gumming 11 is proposed in the embodiment, but as alternatives are also the use sealant, in particular cold sealant, or a hot melt conceivable.
Das Herstellungsverfahren zur Produktion des erfindungsgemäßen Papiersackes 10 mit den staubdicht verschlossenen Falzlinien 4, 4" soll im Nachfolgenden erläutert werden. Der Klebstoff 11 in Form der Nassgummierung bzw. der Kaltsiegelmasse wird in einer Flexodruckmaschine taktmäßig über einen Druckzylinder auf eine Papierrolle bzw. Papierbahn 100 aufgetragen, wie sie in
Die Größe und Form der Auftragsfläche sowie die Auftragsdicke des aktivierbaren Klebstoffes 11 bzw. der Kaltsiegelmasse kann variabel gestaltet werden, so zum Beispiel in Abhängigkeit des verwendeten Materials für die Herstellung des Papiersackes 10 oder des verwendeten Herstellungsprozesses bzw. in Abhängigkeit des ausgewählten Füllgutes für den produzierten Papiersack 10.The size and shape of the application surface and the application thickness of the activatable adhesive 11 or the cold seal mass can be made variable, for example, depending on the material used for the production of the
Im nächsten Schritt wird die Papierbahn 100 in der sogenannten Schlauchmaschine in Längsrichtung überlappend zusammengeschlagen und verklebt und so zu einem Schlauch geformt und dann auf geeignete Länge geschnitten. Die mit dem Klebstoff 11 oder Kaltsiegelmasse vorgedruckten Schlauchabschnitte werden nachfolgend zum Bodenleger des Herstellungsprozesses befördert. Am Bodenleger werden die Sackböden 2, wie in der
Die zur Aktivierung des Klebstoffes 11 nötige Befeuchtung erfolgt durch das aufgetragene Stärke-Wassergemisch 8. Diese wird dadurch erreicht, dass der Klebstoff 11 durch die Kapillarwirkung des Papiers aktiviert wird. Das im Stärkeleim 8 enthaltene Wasser verbreitet sich im Papier und diffundiert zu den Klebstoffstellen 11, wodurch diese angelöst und nach Art eines Briefumschlagleims klebend gemacht werden.The necessary to activate the adhesive 11 moistening is carried out by the applied starch-
Optional kann die Befeuchtung des Klebstoffes 11 durch eine geeignete Düse mittels Wasserdampf unterstützt werden.Optionally, the moistening of the adhesive 11 can be assisted by a suitable nozzle by means of water vapor.
Der zugelegte Kreuzboden 2 des erfindungsgemäßen Papiersackes 10 ist nunmehr im Bereich der Seitenklappenfalzlinien 4, des Bodenmittelkanals 4" und der Randbereiche 4' gut verschlossen, sodass insbesondere im Bereich der markierten Sackkanten 20 der
Das Oberteil 3 kann in analogerweise zum Boden 2 ausgestaltet sein.The
Bevorzugt kann vor dem Zusammenlegen der Seitenteile 5 zusätzlich ein sogenannter Innenriegel aufgebracht werden, der das Bodenteil 2 des Papiersackes 10 luftdicht verschließt. Ein derartiger Innenriegel besteht beispielsweise aus einer Kunststofffolie, die entweder vollständig die Klebeflächen des Klebstoffes 11 überdeckt bzw. alternativ nur teilweise auf gewisse Flächen des Klebstoffes 11 geklebt wird. Die Verklebung erfolgt jedenfalls derart, sodass die Öffnung des Bodenteils 2 vollständig luftdicht als auch staubdicht mithilfe der Folie verklebt wird. Die Seitenteile 5 tragen zur staubdichten Verschließung des Papiersackes nichts bei, sondern die Faltung dient lediglich der optischen Gestaltung des Papiersackes 10 zu Transportzwecken.Preferably, prior to collapsing the
Eine weitere Variante kann derart ausgestaltet sein, dass durch einen Innenriegel die Gummierung 11 für die Bodenverklebung nur teilweise abgedeckt wird. Der nichtabgedeckte Teil wird dann bei der Zulegung des Bodens 2 verklebt.Another variant may be configured such that the
Claims (14)
- A paper bag (10) for bulk material such as cement, gypsum, granular material, animal feed or the like, with a bottom (2) and with an upper part (3) opposite the bottom (2), wherein bottom (2) and/or upper part (3) are folded and glued by closing up the side parts (5) around side fold lines (4), in particular in the form of a cross or block bottom,
characterized in
that for gluing the side parts (5) several strip-like patches (11, 11') of gluing or bonding agent extending parallel to each other and activatable after the application are provided per corner tuck, which patches are applied continuously at least from one side fold line (4) to at least the opposite side fold line (4) of the side parts (5). - The paper bag (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one applied patch (11) of gluing or bonding agent extends beyond at least one of the side fold lines (4), preferably directly to the edge (4') of an end tuck (6) or beyond.
- The paper bag (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one non-continuous patch of gluing or bonding agent or strip (11") of adhesive or bonding agent is provided, whose sections fall at least onto the side fold lines (4) and/or the center fold line (4").
- The paper bag (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gluing agent (11) is a wet gum which can be activated by adding liquid or steam, ideally water or steam, and the bonding agent is a sealing composition, in particular a cold sealing composition.
- The paper bag (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the folding of the bottom (2) and/or upper part (3) additionally is glued by means of a separately applied glue (8), in particular on the basis of a starch-water mixture, wherein this glue application spares the fold lines (4).
- The paper bag (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the glue (8) and the patches (11) of gluing or bonding agent are alternatingly applied in folding direction.
- The paper bag (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one film for closing the paper bag is glued to the side parts (5) and/or end tucks (6) by means of the gluing or bonding agent (11) and/or the glue (8).
- The paper bag (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the film completely or partly covers the applied patch (11) of gluing or bonding agent.
- A method for manufacturing a paper bag (10) with a folded bottom (2) and/or upper part (3) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the activatable gluing and/or bonding agent (11) is applied and/or printed onto a paper roll or paper web (100) for manufacturing the paper bags (10) and subsequently the bottom (2) and/or the upper part (3) is folded in a bottom laying machine.
- The method according to claim 9, characterized in that in the bottom laying machine a starch-water mixture (8) is applied, so that an alternating gluing/bonding agent (11) and starch region (8) is obtained, in particular alternating in the direction of the side fold and center fold lines (4, 4").
- The method according to any of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that an activation of the previously applied gluing agent (11) is effected in the bottom laying machine by adding water and/or steam, in particular by applying the starch-water mixture (8).
- The method according to any of the preceding claims 9 to 11, characterized in that onto the folded and still open bottom (2) and/or upper part region (3) a film for the air-tight closure of the bag is glued by means of the applied gluing and/or bonding agent (11) and/or the starch-water mixture (8).
- The method according to any of the preceding claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the gluing and/or bonding agent (11) is intermittently applied onto the paper web (100) or paper roll via an impression cylinder, and the application in particular is effected in a flexographic printing machine.
- The method according to any of the preceding claims 12 or 13, characterized in that the adhered film completely or only partly covers the applied patch (11) of gluing and/or bonding agent.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL16719770T PL3114038T3 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-04-20 | Paper bag and method of production for such a bag |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102015006212.3A DE102015006212A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2015-05-13 | Paper bag and method for producing a paper bag |
PCT/EP2016/000640 WO2016180513A1 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-04-20 | Paper bag and production method for a paper bag |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3114038A1 EP3114038A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
EP3114038B1 true EP3114038B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
Family
ID=55862719
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16719770.6A Active EP3114038B1 (en) | 2015-05-13 | 2016-04-20 | Paper bag and method of production for such a bag |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10633146B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3114038B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP6974942B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR102637476B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN107074404B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2016261006B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112016030676B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102015006212A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3114038T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2676709T3 (en) |
MY (1) | MY189080A (en) |
PL (1) | PL3114038T3 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI691436B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016180513A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018114001A1 (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2019-12-12 | Dy-Pack Verpackungen Gustav Dyckerhoff Gmbh | Multi-ply bag |
CN115697687A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2023-02-03 | 莱莫机械股份有限公司 | Improved packaging bag |
DE102020119749A1 (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-01-27 | Dy-Pack Verpackungen Gustav Dyckerhoff Gmbh | Packing bag and packing method |
WO2022096974A1 (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-12 | Aggarwal Vedant | An apparatus and a method for manufacturing block bottom bags, and a block-bottom bag |
DE102021115063B4 (en) | 2021-06-10 | 2024-03-28 | Dy-Pack Verpackungen Gustav Dyckerhoff Gmbh | Process for producing paper sacks and paper sacks |
CN113844096A (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2021-12-28 | 广州造纸股份有限公司 | Forming method of anti-leakage film-coated square-bottom paper bag |
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CH480988A (en) * | 1967-09-01 | 1969-11-15 | Hesser Ag Maschf | Bag with a rectangular cross-section with a bottom closure |
WO2005115857A1 (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2005-12-08 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Adhesive for bag sealing application |
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US221712A (en) * | 1879-11-18 | Improvement in paper bags | ||
US3231173A (en) * | 1964-10-16 | 1966-01-25 | Continental Can Co | Square bottom bag |
DE1436811A1 (en) | 1965-08-09 | 1968-11-14 | Honsel Karl Heinz | Process for the production of preferably multilayer cross-bottom bags made of paper, plastic or the like. |
US3955690A (en) * | 1974-09-23 | 1976-05-11 | International Paper Company | Dunnage bag end closure |
DE3719085A1 (en) * | 1987-06-06 | 1988-12-15 | Fr Noltemeyer Gmbh | BLOCK OR CROSSBODY BAG |
JP2002104435A (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-10 | Oji Packaging Systems Co Ltd | Hexagonal bottom valve bag |
JP2003261151A (en) * | 2002-03-05 | 2003-09-16 | Meito Kk | Blowing inlet structure of packaging bag for powder |
US6805660B1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-19 | Doug Finch | Process for manufacturing a flat-bottom bag and bag formed thereby |
DE202005003539U1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-07-13 | Dy-Pack Verpackungen Gustav Dyckerhoff Gmbh | paper bags |
DE102007015099A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-02 | Construction Research & Technology Gmbh | Paper valve bag with inner latch |
US20110019938A1 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2011-01-27 | J.W.T. Snc Di Giacometti Stefano & Zanon Walter | Paper shopper or bag and system for the production thereof |
DE202009003080U1 (en) | 2009-03-04 | 2009-04-30 | Dy-Pack Verpackungen Gustav Dyckerhoff Gmbh | paper bags |
DE102009036556A1 (en) * | 2009-08-10 | 2011-02-17 | Windmöller & Hölscher Kg | A method and apparatus for making a sack or bag with nonwoven material, and a sack or bag comprising nonwoven material |
DE202010010512U1 (en) | 2010-07-21 | 2010-10-28 | Segezha Packaging Gmbh | tear sheet |
US20120273561A1 (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2012-11-01 | Adalis Corporation | Reinforcement for container |
-
2015
- 2015-05-13 DE DE102015006212.3A patent/DE102015006212A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2016
- 2016-04-20 CN CN201680002188.0A patent/CN107074404B/en active Active
- 2016-04-20 JP JP2016560381A patent/JP6974942B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-20 DK DK16719770.6T patent/DK3114038T3/en active
- 2016-04-20 EP EP16719770.6A patent/EP3114038B1/en active Active
- 2016-04-20 KR KR1020177000151A patent/KR102637476B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-04-20 PL PL16719770T patent/PL3114038T3/en unknown
- 2016-04-20 MY MYPI2017700230A patent/MY189080A/en unknown
- 2016-04-20 AU AU2016261006A patent/AU2016261006B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-20 BR BR112016030676-7A patent/BR112016030676B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2016-04-20 WO PCT/EP2016/000640 patent/WO2016180513A1/en active Application Filing
- 2016-04-20 US US15/304,752 patent/US10633146B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-20 ES ES16719770.6T patent/ES2676709T3/en active Active
- 2016-05-13 TW TW105114866A patent/TWI691436B/en active
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CH480988A (en) * | 1967-09-01 | 1969-11-15 | Hesser Ag Maschf | Bag with a rectangular cross-section with a bottom closure |
WO2005115857A1 (en) * | 2004-05-25 | 2005-12-08 | National Starch And Chemical Investment Holding Corporation | Adhesive for bag sealing application |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BR112016030676A2 (en) | 2017-08-22 |
DK3114038T3 (en) | 2018-05-28 |
PL3114038T3 (en) | 2018-08-31 |
JP2018514466A (en) | 2018-06-07 |
CN107074404B (en) | 2019-10-22 |
KR102637476B1 (en) | 2024-02-19 |
AU2016261006A1 (en) | 2017-01-19 |
JP6974942B2 (en) | 2021-12-01 |
BR112016030676B1 (en) | 2022-02-08 |
DE102015006212A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
AU2016261006B2 (en) | 2020-07-23 |
MY189080A (en) | 2022-01-25 |
WO2016180513A1 (en) | 2016-11-17 |
US10633146B2 (en) | 2020-04-28 |
CN107074404A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
US20170137178A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
TWI691436B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
ES2676709T3 (en) | 2018-07-24 |
KR20180008371A (en) | 2018-01-24 |
EP3114038A1 (en) | 2017-01-11 |
TW201702145A (en) | 2017-01-16 |
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