EP3109835A1 - Method and system for recording driver and drive data - Google Patents

Method and system for recording driver and drive data Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3109835A1
EP3109835A1 EP16174944.5A EP16174944A EP3109835A1 EP 3109835 A1 EP3109835 A1 EP 3109835A1 EP 16174944 A EP16174944 A EP 16174944A EP 3109835 A1 EP3109835 A1 EP 3109835A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
tachograph
driving
central database
motor vehicle
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EP16174944.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3109835B1 (en
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Michael Huber
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Deutsche Telekom AG
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Deutsche Telekom AG
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/08—Registering or indicating performance data other than driving, working, idle, or waiting time, with or without registering driving, working, idle or waiting time
    • G07C5/0841—Registering performance data
    • G07C5/085—Registering performance data using electronic data carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C5/00—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles
    • G07C5/008—Registering or indicating the working of vehicles communicating information to a remotely located station

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solution for driving and driver data acquisition, namely for the collection of data, such as driving and rest times, which document the working hours and driving behavior of drivers, especially in the commercial transport of goods and in the commercial passenger transport. It relates to a method for recording corresponding data and to a system suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the latter is in the broadest sense a tachograph or tachograph, which in the present case, however, consists of a plurality of components, which are only partially local, that is arranged in the vehicle, in relation to which the data is detected.
  • Tachographs or tachographs are used to ensure or increase road safety. Above all, they are used in trucks, coaches and vans. With their help, it is particularly recorded whether the drivers of a corresponding motor vehicle comply with the statutory driving and rest times.
  • Statutory provisions on driving and rest periods exist, above all, to ensure that motorists are rested and thus presumably participate in good physical condition on the road and not take due to overtaxing an increased risk of accidents in purchasing.
  • these data can be of employment law, especially in connection with the documentation of working hours and with the resulting possibility of a review of the actually paid drivers to the hourly wage in terms of compliance with a statutory minimum wage of importance.
  • the data recorded by the tachographs such as time stamps, speed, distance kilometers and data for vehicle and / or driver identification, enable the security and / or regulatory authorities, in particular the police, to check for existing legal regulations to the driving and rest periods or the speed by the driver also be respected.
  • tachographs are electromechanical units coupled to a vehicle's tachometer, which record driving data on a chart of paper or board to be inserted by the driver in each of the tachographs over time. At standstill of the vehicle, the recording is interrupted so that it can be seen in retrospect from the records on the corresponding graph chart, in which periods a vehicle was moved by the driver or by him the drive was interrupted to take a break.
  • this monitoring principle is fundamentally undermined by manipulation right from the start and, unfortunately, to an ever increasing extent. For example, drivers use several different disks to record the driving and rest times. As a result, virtually no possibility is given to control the actual driving and rest periods of a driver.
  • Digital tachographs store the relevant data for generally 365 days in a sealed memory module of a corresponding device installed in the respective vehicle.
  • personal data of the driver are stored on a personal driver card in the form of a smart card or the like, with which he must identify himself before driving against the digital tachograph.
  • This map also records driver-specific data for 28 days while driving.
  • the number of manipulations is also increasing in digital tachographs and thus the safety in traffic is impaired. Estimates assume that Up to 50% of all digital tachographs or tachographs, ie in particular the data recorded by them, are manipulated.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a technical solution for recording driving and driving data, such as in particular driving and rest periods, but also information on the vehicle speed and distance kilometers driven and the like, through which manipulations in connection with the Data collection and manipulation of recorded data largely prevented, but at least manipulation attempts for the security and / or regulatory authorities are more visible.
  • driving and driving data such as in particular driving and rest periods, but also information on the vehicle speed and distance kilometers driven and the like, through which manipulations in connection with the Data collection and manipulation of recorded data largely prevented, but at least manipulation attempts for the security and / or regulatory authorities are more visible.
  • driving and driving data such as in particular driving and rest periods, but also information on the vehicle speed and distance kilometers driven and the like
  • the identification module may be, for example, a smartcard to be carried by the driver, on which personal, unique features such as, in particular, name and date of birth, are stored for the motorist.
  • the driving and driving data are initially data for vehicle identification and data for identifying the driver, which are read out during the identification process from the identification module carried by the driver.
  • it is repeatedly, possibly periodically recorded data, namely in particular recorded during driving data, such as driving speed and distance traveled kilometers, as well as data on driving, work, standby and rest periods and the like.
  • driving data such as driving speed and distance traveled kilometers
  • each data record from recorded data is provided with a time stamp. All the above data are stored in a local memory with which the tachograph is equipped.
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • the automated, M2M data transmission takes place without this being caused by the driver or other persons and also without the possibility of human intervention.
  • access to the data stored in the database can also be made possible for the drivers and / or the forwarding agents or operators of corresponding haulage companies, but then this is merely a read-only access.
  • this reading access for drivers and / or freight forwarders is also limited to data which does not with regard to ensuring road safety and possible manipulation attempts for the security and / or regulatory authorities are relevant.
  • both writing and reading access via the said web-based portal preferably only security and / or regulatory authorities, as the police allows.
  • the tachographs of the individual motor vehicles involved in the procedure naturally have a writing access to the database, but this access takes place by means of an automated M2M communication which is not guided via said portal.
  • the driving and driving data held in the central database also comprise current position data, which are determined on the basis of a cell location of a mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit with which a driving and driving data are transmitted to the central database transmitting tachograph.
  • This is data relating to the instantaneous position of the tachograph transmitting this data at the moment of transmission of the remaining driving and driving data or the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit permanently used by the latter for the transmission.
  • the position data by the respective, the driving and driving data transmitting tachograph itself that is, a control and processing unit of this tachograph, from the current, radio cell data of the mobile network, which is used by its mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit , determined and transmitted together with the other driving and driver data to the central database.
  • the method is configured such that the position data of the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit is determined by the at least one server also holding the central database on the basis of radio cell data, which this immediately after receiving the other transmitted by a respective tachograph driving and driver data at technical units of the associated mobile service provider requests.
  • Both the driving and driving data as well as the position data are transmitted to the database held by the at least one server time periodically, preferably at intervals of 30 seconds to 1 minute, transmitted or stored in this.
  • the speech that the stored or to be deposited in the local memory data are transmitted to the central database this is to express that the transfer of the relevant data not directly in real time or not absolutely parallel with their storage must be done in the local memory. Rather, the transmission to the central database can also take place with a slight time delay of, however, preferably only a few seconds, especially since the data will not arrive in the local memory until some time after the storage in the case of a parallel transmission in the database.
  • the data or file formats of the data stored on the one hand in the local memory and on the other hand transmitted to the central database may also differ from one another. In this respect, it is only important that the security and / or regulatory authorities accessing the database have access to the data stored there, in particular also very soon at the time of their detection on and / or in the motor vehicle.
  • data and file formats preferably - namely according to a further development of the method to be discussed - a comparison of locally stored with the centrally held in the database data to be guaranteed to be able to immediately detect any manipulation or manipulation attempts.
  • the authorized persons namely in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, have access to the database held by the at least one remote server via the web-based portal by means of mobile terminals, such as tablet PCs or smartphones.
  • mobile terminals such as tablet PCs or smartphones.
  • Program application preferably equipped with a mini-program application (App).
  • any differences existing between the data stored locally by a tachograph and the data stored therewith and stored in the central database of the at least one server determined and for this purpose notes on a supposed manipulation attempt at least in the central database with the data accessible in particular for the security and / or regulatory authorities are stored.
  • the access to the database given to the security and / or regulatory authorities and the support of the abovementioned algorithm therefore make it very easy to detect manipulation attempts.
  • the entire data collection and storage is thus very transparent for the authorities.
  • the data held in the central database are kept there for a predefined period of time, for example for a period of preferably 3 months to 6 months, possibly 12 months.
  • a further possible development of the method may be that any discrepancies existing between the data in the memory of the tachograph and the data in the central database and ascertained by means of the aforementioned algorithm by the at least one central database holding server are also transmitted to the arranged in the motor vehicle tachograph. This opens up the possibility, in the event of such discrepancies in the extreme case, for example, after switching off the ignition to prevent a restart of the motor vehicle by means of suitable, controlled by the tachograph actuators, at least temporarily.
  • the respective tachograph on the receipt of information about existing implausibilities by appropriate, trained actuators in another way, for example by a temporary reduction of the maximum vehicle speed, influence on the driving behavior of the affected motor vehicle.
  • the method can also be developed in such a way that, in the event of identified implausibilities, the at least one server holding the central database transmits to the respective tachograph information intended for the motorist, which information is output by the tachograph.
  • the latter can be done, for example, by issuing a text or voice message indicative of an implausibility via corresponding output means or output units, ie via a display or a loudspeaker of the tachograph or via output units connected to it.
  • the security and / or regulatory authorities access the central database in connection with traffic controls and have access to the driving and driving data of motor vehicles and motorists on the way to a corresponding checkpoint and if so in that they become aware of implausibilities, send a message to the at least one server holding the database, which forwards it to the tachograph of the motor vehicle concerned.
  • the security and / or regulatory authorities access the central database in connection with traffic controls and have access to the driving and driving data of motor vehicles and motorists on the way to a corresponding checkpoint and if so in that they become aware of implausibilities, send a message to the at least one server holding the database, which forwards it to the tachograph of the motor vehicle concerned.
  • motorists affected by an implausibility or the driver of a vehicle affected by this are requested by the security and / or regulatory authorities to head for the corresponding checkpoint and / or the next parking space.
  • a very advantageous application of the proposed solution which results from the storage of driving and driver data at a central location, namely in the central database, consists in the possibility of identification and location of dangerous goods transporters by the security and / or regulatory authorities security authorities or by emergency services.
  • corresponding additional information for example, to the hazard class of a transported dangerous goods are transmitted to the central database.
  • the security and / or regulatory authorities could more closely control and emergency responders or other emergency response personnel as well as corresponding command centers could respond more quickly and more effectively in the event of a dangerous goods accident.
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the system in a highly schematic representation.
  • the system consists of a included in each in the process motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n arranged tachograph 3 1 - 3 n and to be read out from this tachograph before driving identification module 4 1 - 4 n of the respective motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n leading Driver 2 1 - 2 n .
  • the identification module 4 1 - 4 n is for example a Smart perspectivelit chip card, which is to be inserted by the driver 2 1 - 2 n for identification either in a corresponding slot of a reader or a reading unit of the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n or with a by the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n , for example, via a Bluetooth connection, to be read transponder with the profile data of the driver 2 1 - 2 n is equipped.
  • the system includes at least one server accessible via a network 6 connected to the tachograph 3 1 - n 3 according to the principle of the machine-to- Machine communication data automatically via a to the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n coupled mobile radio transmitting and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n and a mobile network exchanges.
  • the data stored in the central database may also include position data which in the course of the data transmission to the at least one server 6 or to the central Database 7 for a used for data transmission mobile radio transmitting and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n of the respective tachograph 3 1 - 3 n are determined by means of a radio cell location.
  • the system further includes a web-based portal provided by the at least one server 6, preferably arranged as part of a cloud solution on the Internet, which has authorized persons, in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, by means of suitably equipped and suitably equipped terminals 8 1 8 n allows access to the stored in the central database 7 driving and driving data.
  • Such access may be made possible for these individuals using stationary PC workstations and / or mobile terminals such as laptops, tablet PCs, or smartphones.
  • On the subject with a unit for network access, in particular for the access to the Internet equipped terminals 8 1 - 8 n is to a data access controlling the data as well as the data at the relevant terminal 8 1 - 8 n visualizing program application installed.
  • this program application is preferably an app.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
  • Time Recorders, Dirve Recorders, Access Control (AREA)

Abstract

Gemäß der vorgeschlagenen Lösung zur Fahr- und Fahrerdatenerfassung, nämlich zur Erfassung von Daten, wie zum Beispiel Lenk- und Ruhezeiten, werden die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten von Kraftfahrern (1 1 - 1 n ) dokumentierende Daten wie grundsätzlich bereits bekannt, mittels eines in einem Kraftfahrzeug (2 1 - 2 n ) angeordneten Tachographen (3 1 - 3 n ) lokal, das heißt innerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs (2 1 - 2 n ) aufgezeichnet. Gegenüber dem Tachographen (3 1 - 3 n ) identifiziert sich ein jeweiliger Kraftfahrer (1 1 - 1 n ) vor dem Antritt einer Fahrt mittels eines personalisierten Identifikationsmoduls (4 1 - 4 n ). Erfindungsgemäß werden die in dem lokalen Speicher des Tachographen (3 1 - 3 n ) abgelegten beziehungsweise abzulegenden Daten durch den Tachographen (3 1 - 3 n ) zusätzlich unter Nutzung eines Mobilfunknetzes automatisiert Machine to Machine an eine zentrale Datenbank (7) übertragen, welche von mindestens einem entfernt angeordneten, über ein Netzwerk zugänglichen Server (6) gehalten wird. Dabei ist über ein webbasiertes Portal ausschließlich dazu ermächtigten Personen ein Vollzugriff auf die in der Datenbank (7) gespeicherten, die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten einer Mehrzahl von Kraftfahrern (1 1 - 1 n ) dokumentierenden Daten ermöglicht.According to the proposed solution for driving and driver data acquisition, namely for the detection of data, such as driving and rest times, the working time and driving behavior of drivers (1 1 - 1 n) documenting data as already known in principle, by means of a in one Motor vehicle (2 1 - 2 n) arranged tachograph (3 1 - 3 n) locally, that is recorded within the motor vehicle (2 1 - 2 n). Opposite the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n) identifies a respective driver (1 1 - 1 n) before the start of a journey by means of a personalized identification module (4 1 - 4 n). According to the invention, the data stored or to be stored in the local memory of the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n) are additionally automatically transmitted by the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n) using a mobile radio network to a central database (7), which transfers from at least one remote, accessible via a network server (6) is held. It is via a web-based portal only authorized persons full access to the stored in the database (7), the working time and driving behavior of a plurality of drivers (1 1 - 1 n) documenting data possible.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Lösung zur Fahr- und Fahrerdatenerfassung, nämlich zur Erfassung von Daten, wie zum Beispiel Lenk- und Ruhezeiten, welche die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten von Kraftfahrern insbesondere im gewerblichen Gütertransport und bei der gewerblichen Personenbeförderung dokumentieren. Sie bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Aufzeichnung entsprechender Daten und auf ein zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignetes System. Bei Letzterem handelt es sich im weitesten Sinne um einen Tachographen beziehungsweise Fahrtenschreiber, welcher vorliegend jedoch aus einer Mehrzahl von Komponenten besteht, die nur teilweise lokal, das heißt in dem Fahrzeug angeordnet sind, in Bezug auf welches die Daten erfasst werden.The invention relates to a solution for driving and driver data acquisition, namely for the collection of data, such as driving and rest times, which document the working hours and driving behavior of drivers, especially in the commercial transport of goods and in the commercial passenger transport. It relates to a method for recording corresponding data and to a system suitable for carrying out the method. The latter is in the broadest sense a tachograph or tachograph, which in the present case, however, consists of a plurality of components, which are only partially local, that is arranged in the vehicle, in relation to which the data is detected.

Tachographen oder Fahrtenschreiber werden eingesetzt, um die Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr zu gewährleisten beziehungsweise zu erhöhen. Sie finden vor allem Einsatz in LKWs, Reisebussen und Kleintransportern. Mit ihrer Hilfe wird insbesondere erfasst, ob die Fahrer eines entsprechenden Kraftfahrzeugs die gesetzlich festgelegten Lenk- und Ruhezeiten einhalten. Gesetzliche Festlegungen zu den Lenk- und Ruhezeiten bestehen vor allem, um sicherzustellen, dass die Kraftfahrer ausgeruht und somit mutmaßlich nur bei körperlich guter Verfassung am Straßenverkehr teilnehmen und nicht etwa aufgrund von Übermüdung ein erhöhtes Unfallrisiko in Kauf nehmen. Zudem können diese Daten arbeitsrechtlich, insbesondere im Zusammenhang mit der Dokumentation von Arbeitsstunden und mit der dadurch gegebenen Möglichkeit einer Überprüfung des den Kraftfahrern tatsächlich gezahlten Stundenlohns bezüglich der Einhaltung eines gesetzlichen Mindestlohns von Bedeutung sein. Im Hinblick auf die Verkehrssicherheit ermöglichen es die durch die Fahrtenschreiber aufgezeichneten Daten, wie Zeitstempel, Geschwindigkeit, Entfernungskilometer und Daten zur Fahrzeug- und/oder Fahreridentifikation, den Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden, insbesondere der Polizei, zu überprüfen, ob bestehende gesetzliche Regelungen zu den Lenk- und Ruhezeiten oder zur Geschwindigkeit durch die Fahrer auch eingehalten werden.Tachographs or tachographs are used to ensure or increase road safety. Above all, they are used in trucks, coaches and vans. With their help, it is particularly recorded whether the drivers of a corresponding motor vehicle comply with the statutory driving and rest times. Statutory provisions on driving and rest periods exist, above all, to ensure that motorists are rested and thus presumably participate in good physical condition on the road and not take due to overtaxing an increased risk of accidents in purchasing. In addition, these data can be of employment law, especially in connection with the documentation of working hours and with the resulting possibility of a review of the actually paid drivers to the hourly wage in terms of compliance with a statutory minimum wage of importance. With regard to traffic safety, the data recorded by the tachographs, such as time stamps, speed, distance kilometers and data for vehicle and / or driver identification, enable the security and / or regulatory authorities, in particular the police, to check for existing legal regulations to the driving and rest periods or the speed by the driver also be respected.

In ihrer ursprünglichen Ausbildungsform sind Tachographen mit dem Tachometer eines Fahrzeugs gekoppelte elektromechanische Einheiten, welche Fahrdaten auf einer von dem Fahrer jeweils in den Tachographen einzulegenden Diagrammscheibe aus Papier beziehungsweise Pappe über der Zeit aufzeichnen. Bei Stillstand des Fahrzeugs wird die Aufzeichnung unterbrochen, so dass im Nachhinein aus den Aufzeichnungen auf der entsprechenden Diagrammscheibe zu erkennen ist, in welchen Zeiträumen ein Fahrzeug durch den Fahrer bewegt wurde beziehungsweise durch ihn die Fahrt zur Einlegung einer Ruhepause unterbrochen wurde. Aufgrund des hohen Wettbewerbs und Preisdrucks insbesondere im Gütertransportgewerbe wird jedoch dieses Überwachungsprinzip im Grunde bereits von Beginn an und leider in ständig steigendem Maße durch Manipulationen unterlaufen. Beispielsweise werden durch die Kraftfahrer mehrere unterschiedliche Scheiben zur Aufzeichnung der Lenk- und Ruhezeiten verwendet. Hierdurch ist praktisch keine Möglichkeit mehr gegeben, die tatsächlichen Lenk- und Ruhezeiten eines Fahrers zu kontrollieren.In their original form, tachographs are electromechanical units coupled to a vehicle's tachometer, which record driving data on a chart of paper or board to be inserted by the driver in each of the tachographs over time. At standstill of the vehicle, the recording is interrupted so that it can be seen in retrospect from the records on the corresponding graph chart, in which periods a vehicle was moved by the driver or by him the drive was interrupted to take a break. However, due to the high level of competition and price pressure, especially in the freight transport industry, this monitoring principle is fundamentally undermined by manipulation right from the start and, unfortunately, to an ever increasing extent. For example, drivers use several different disks to record the driving and rest times. As a result, virtually no possibility is given to control the actual driving and rest periods of a driver.

In neuerer Zeit erfolgte beziehungsweise erfolgt eine Umstellung auf digitale Tachographen, wodurch zumindest vorübergehend eine Verringerung der Zahl von Manipulationen erreicht werden konnte. Digitale Tachographen speichern die relevanten Daten für im Allgemeinen 365 Tage in einem versiegelten Speichermodul eines entsprechenden, im jeweiligen Fahrzeug verbauten Gerätes. Zusätzlich werden auf einer personengebundenen Fahrerkarte in Form einer Chipkarte oder dergleichen persönliche Daten des Fahrers gespeichert, mit denen dieser sich vor Fahrtantritt gegenüber dem digitalen Tachographen identifizieren muss. Auf dieser Karte werden zudem während der Fahrt erfasste Daten fahrerspezifisch für 28 Tage aufgezeichnet. Leider ist inzwischen festzustellen, dass auch bei digitalen Tachographen die Zahl der Manipulationen zunimmt und damit die Sicherheit im Straßenverkehr beeinträchtigt wird. Schätzungen gehen davon aus, dass bis zu 50 % aller digitalen Fahrtenschreiber beziehungsweise Tachographen, das heißt insbesondere die durch sie aufgezeichneten Daten, manipuliert werden.Recently, there has been or is a switch to digital tachographs, which at least temporarily reduced the number of tampering could be achieved. Digital tachographs store the relevant data for generally 365 days in a sealed memory module of a corresponding device installed in the respective vehicle. In addition, personal data of the driver are stored on a personal driver card in the form of a smart card or the like, with which he must identify himself before driving against the digital tachograph. This map also records driver-specific data for 28 days while driving. Unfortunately, it has meanwhile become apparent that the number of manipulations is also increasing in digital tachographs and thus the safety in traffic is impaired. Estimates assume that Up to 50% of all digital tachographs or tachographs, ie in particular the data recorded by them, are manipulated.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine technische Lösung zur Aufzeichnung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten, wie insbesondere von Fahr- und Ruhezeiten, aber auch von Angaben zur Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit und zu gefahrenen Entfernungskilometern und dergleichen, zur Verfügung zu stellen, durch welche Manipulationen im Zusammenhang mit der Datenerfassung sowie Manipulationen aufgezeichneter Daten weitgehend verhindert, zumindest aber Manipulationsversuche für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden besser erkennbar werden. Hierzu sind ein Verfahren und ein zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ausgebildetes System anzugeben.The object of the invention is to provide a technical solution for recording driving and driving data, such as in particular driving and rest periods, but also information on the vehicle speed and distance kilometers driven and the like, through which manipulations in connection with the Data collection and manipulation of recorded data largely prevented, but at least manipulation attempts for the security and / or regulatory authorities are more visible. For this purpose, a method and a system designed for carrying out the method are to be specified.

Die Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs gelöst. Ein die Aufgabe lösendes, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignetes System wird durch den ersten beziehungsweise den unabhängigen Sachanspruch charakterisiert. Vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind durch die Unteransprüche gegeben.The object is achieved by a method having the features of the main claim. A problem-solving, suitable for carrying out the process system is characterized by the first or the independent property claim. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are given by the dependent claims.

Nach dem zur Lösung der Aufgabe vorgeschlagenen Verfahren werden Fahr-und Fahrerdaten, nämlich die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten eines Kraftfahrers dokumentierende Daten, wie aus dem Stand der Technik grundsätzlich bereits bekannt, mittels eines in einem Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Tachographen lokal, das heißt in dem Tachographen innerhalb des Kraftfahrzeugs aufgezeichnet. Gegenüber diesem Tachographen identifiziert sich ein jeweiliger Kraftfahrer vor dem Antritt einer Fahrt mittels eines personalisierten Identifikationsmoduls. Bei dem Identifikationsmodul kann es sich beispielsweise um eine von dem Kraftfahrer mitzuführende Smartcard handeln, auf welcher zu dem Kraftfahrer persönliche, ihn eindeutig identifizierende Merkmale, wie natürlich insbesondere Name und Geburtsdatum, abgespeichert sind.According to the proposed method for solving the problem driving and driver data, namely the working time and driving behavior of a driver documenting data, as already known in principle from the prior art, by means of a tachograph located in a motor vehicle locally, that is in the tachograph within of the motor vehicle recorded. Compared to this tachograph identifies a respective driver before the start of a ride using a personalized identification module. The identification module may be, for example, a smartcard to be carried by the driver, on which personal, unique features such as, in particular, name and date of birth, are stored for the motorist.

Bei den Fahr- und Fahrerdaten handelt es sich zunächst um Daten zur Fahrzeugidentifikation und Daten zur Identifikation des Fahrers, welche während des Identifikationsvorgangs aus dem von dem Fahrer mitgeführten Identifikationsmodul ausgelesen werden. Darüber hinaus handelt es sich um wiederholt, gegebenenfalls periodisch erfasste Daten, nämlich insbesondere um während der Fahrt erfasste Daten, wie Fahrgeschwindigkeit und zurückgelegte Entfernungskilometer, sowie um Daten zu Lenk-, Arbeits-, Bereitschafts- und Ruhezeiten und dergleichen. Dabei wird jeder Datensatz aus erfassten Daten jeweils mit einem Zeitstempel versehen. Alle vorgenannten Daten werden in einem lokalen Speicher abgelegt, mit welchem der Tachograph ausgestattet ist.The driving and driving data are initially data for vehicle identification and data for identifying the driver, which are read out during the identification process from the identification module carried by the driver. In addition, it is repeatedly, possibly periodically recorded data, namely in particular recorded during driving data, such as driving speed and distance traveled kilometers, as well as data on driving, work, standby and rest periods and the like. In this case, each data record from recorded data is provided with a time stamp. All the above data are stored in a local memory with which the tachograph is equipped.

Erfindungsgemäß werden die in dem lokalen Speicher des Tachographen abgelegten beziehungsweise abzulegenden Daten durch den Tachographen zusätzlich unter Nutzung eines Mobilfunknetzes automatisiert, nämlich Machine-to-Machine (Machine to Machine beziehungsweise Maschine-zu-Maschine = M2M), an eine zentrale Datenbank übertragen, welche von mindestens einem entfernt angeordneten, über ein Netzwerk zugänglichen Server gehalten wird. Die automatisiert, M2M erfolgende Datenübertragung vollzieht sich dabei ohne, dass dies durch den Fahrer oder andere Personen veranlasst werden müsste und zudem ohne die Möglichkeit eines menschlichen Eingreifens. Auf die in der vorgenannten zentralen Datenbank gespeicherten, die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten einer Mehrzahl von Kraftfahrern dokumentierenden Daten ist über ein webbasiertes Portal ausschließlich dazu ermächtigten Personen ein Vollzugriff (Vollzugriff = Zugriff lesend und schreibend auf alle Daten) ermöglicht.According to the invention, the data stored or to be stored in the local memory of the tachograph are additionally automated by the tachograph using a mobile radio network, namely machine-to-machine (machine to machine or machine-to-machine = M2M), which is transmitted to a central database is held by at least one remotely accessible server accessible via a network. The automated, M2M data transmission takes place without this being caused by the driver or other persons and also without the possibility of human intervention. On the data stored in the above-mentioned central database, the working time and driving behavior of a plurality of motorists documenting data via a web-based portal exclusively authorized persons full access (full access = read access and write to all data) allows.

Grundsätzlich kann ein Zugriff auf die in der Datenbank gespeicherten Daten auch den Fahrern und/oder den Spediteuren beziehungsweise Betreibern entsprechender Fuhrunternehmen ermöglicht sein, jedoch handelt es sich dann dabei lediglich um einen lesenden Zugriff. Vorzugsweise ist dieser lesende Zugriff für Fahrer und/oder den Spediteure darüber hinaus auf Daten beschränkt, welche im Hinblick auf die Gewährleistung der Verkehrssicherheit und auf eventuelle Manipulationsversuche für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden nicht relevant sind. Ein sowohl schreibender als auch lesender Zugriff ist über das genannte webbasierte Portal jedoch vorzugsweise nur Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden, wie der Polizei ermöglicht. Einen schreibenden Zugriff auf die Datenbank haben darüber hinaus selbstverständlich die Tachographen der einzelnen in das Verfahren einbezogenen Kraftfahrzeuge, jedoch erfolgt dieser Zugriff im Wege einer nicht über das besagte Portal geführten, automatisierten M2M-Kommunikation.In principle, access to the data stored in the database can also be made possible for the drivers and / or the forwarding agents or operators of corresponding haulage companies, but then this is merely a read-only access. Preferably, this reading access for drivers and / or freight forwarders is also limited to data which does not with regard to ensuring road safety and possible manipulation attempts for the security and / or regulatory authorities are relevant. However, both writing and reading access via the said web-based portal preferably only security and / or regulatory authorities, as the police allows. In addition, the tachographs of the individual motor vehicles involved in the procedure naturally have a writing access to the database, but this access takes place by means of an automated M2M communication which is not guided via said portal.

In Weiterbildung des Verfahrens umfassen die in der zentralen Datenbank gehaltenen Fahr- und Fahrerdaten jeweils auch aktuelle Positionsdaten, die auf der Basis einer Zellortung einer Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit bestimmt werden, mit welcher ein Fahr- und Fahrerdaten an die zentrale Datenbank übertragender Tachograph ausgestattet ist. Hierbei handelt es sich um Daten zu der im Moment der Übertragung der übrigen Fahr- und Fahrerdaten jeweils augenblicklichen Position des diese Daten übermittelnden Tachographen beziehungsweise der von diesem für die Übertragung genutzten, fest an ihn gebundenen Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit.In a further development of the method, the driving and driving data held in the central database also comprise current position data, which are determined on the basis of a cell location of a mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit with which a driving and driving data are transmitted to the central database transmitting tachograph. This is data relating to the instantaneous position of the tachograph transmitting this data at the moment of transmission of the remaining driving and driving data or the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit permanently used by the latter for the transmission.

Dabei besteht eine Möglichkeit darin, dass die Positionsdaten durch den jeweiligen, die Fahr- und Fahrerdaten übermittelnden Tachographen selbst, das heißt eine Steuer- und Verarbeitungseinheit dieses Tachographen, aus den jeweils aktuellen, Funkzellendaten des Mobilfunknetzes, welches durch seine Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit genutzt wird, bestimmt und gemeinsam mit den übrigen Fahr- und Fahrerdaten an die zentrale Datenbank übertragen werden. Vorzugsweise ist das Verfahren jedoch so gestaltet, die Positionsdaten der Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit durch den mindestens einen auch die zentrale Datenbank haltenden Server auf der Grundlage von Funkzellendaten bestimmt werden, die dieser unmittelbar nach dem Empfang der übrigen durch einen jeweiligen Tachographen übermittelten Fahr- und Fahrerdaten bei technischen Einheiten des zugehörigen Mobilfunkproviders anfordert.There is a possibility that the position data by the respective, the driving and driving data transmitting tachograph itself, that is, a control and processing unit of this tachograph, from the current, radio cell data of the mobile network, which is used by its mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit , determined and transmitted together with the other driving and driver data to the central database. Preferably, however, the method is configured such that the position data of the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit is determined by the at least one server also holding the central database on the basis of radio cell data, which this immediately after receiving the other transmitted by a respective tachograph driving and driver data at technical units of the associated mobile service provider requests.

Sowohl die Fahr- und Fahrerdaten als auch die Positionsdaten werden an die von dem mindestens einen Server gehaltene Datenbank zeitperiodisch, vorzugsweise in zeitlichen Abständen von 30 Sekunden bis 1 Minute, übermittelt beziehungsweise in dieser gespeichert. Soweit vorstehend und im Patentanspruch 1 die Rede davon ist, dass an die zentrale Datenbank die in dem lokalen Speicher abgelegten oder abzulegenden Daten übertragen werden, soll dies zum Ausdruck, dass die Übertragung der betreffenden Daten nicht unmittelbar in Echtzeit beziehungsweise nicht absolut parallel mit ihrer Speicherung in dem lokalen Speicher erfolgen muss. Vielmehr kann die Übertragung an die zentrale Datenbank auch mit einem geringfügigen Zeitverzug von jedoch vorzugsweise nur wenigen Sekunden erfolgen, zumal die Daten auch im Falle einer parallelen Übertragung bei der Datenbank erst einige Zeit nach der Speicherung in dem lokalen Speicher eintreffen werden. Zudem können sich gegebenenfalls auch die Daten- beziehungsweise Dateiformate der einerseits im lokalen Speicher abgelegten und andererseits an die zentrale Datenbank übertragenen Daten voneinander unterscheiden. Wichtig ist es insoweit nur, dass den auf die Datenbank zugreifenden Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden ein Zugriff auf die dort abgespeicherten Daten, insbesondere auch sehr zeitnah zum Zeitpunkt ihrer Erfassung am und/oder im Kraftfahrzeug ermöglicht ist. Darüber hinaus soll unabhängig von Daten- und Dateiformaten vorzugsweise - nämlich gemäß einer noch anzusprechenden Weiterbildung des Verfahrens - ein Vergleich der lokal gespeicherten mit den zentral in der Datenbank gehaltenen Daten gewährleistet sein, um eventuelle Manipulationen oder Manipulationsversuche unmittelbar erkennen zu können.Both the driving and driving data as well as the position data are transmitted to the database held by the at least one server time periodically, preferably at intervals of 30 seconds to 1 minute, transmitted or stored in this. As far as above and in claim 1 is the speech that the stored or to be deposited in the local memory data are transmitted to the central database, this is to express that the transfer of the relevant data not directly in real time or not absolutely parallel with their storage must be done in the local memory. Rather, the transmission to the central database can also take place with a slight time delay of, however, preferably only a few seconds, especially since the data will not arrive in the local memory until some time after the storage in the case of a parallel transmission in the database. In addition, if appropriate, the data or file formats of the data stored on the one hand in the local memory and on the other hand transmitted to the central database may also differ from one another. In this respect, it is only important that the security and / or regulatory authorities accessing the database have access to the data stored there, in particular also very soon at the time of their detection on and / or in the motor vehicle. In addition, regardless of data and file formats preferably - namely according to a further development of the method to be discussed - a comparison of locally stored with the centrally held in the database data to be guaranteed to be able to immediately detect any manipulation or manipulation attempts.

Entsprechend einer besonders bevorzugten Verfahrensgestaltung ist den dazu berechtigten Personen, nämlich insbesondere den Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden der über das webbasierte Portal vermittelte Zugang zu der von dem mindestens einen entfernt angeordneten Server gehaltenen Datenbank mittels mobiler Endgeräte, wie beispielsweise Tablet-PCs oder Smartphones, ermöglicht. Hierzu sind die betreffenden mobilen Endgeräte mit einer durch sie verarbeitbaren Programmanwendung, vorzugsweise mit einer Miniprogrammanwendung (App) ausgestattet.According to a particularly preferred process design, the authorized persons, namely in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, have access to the database held by the at least one remote server via the web-based portal by means of mobile terminals, such as tablet PCs or smartphones. allows. For this purpose, the relevant mobile devices with a processable by them Program application, preferably equipped with a mini-program application (App).

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des Verfahrens ist es vorgesehen, dass mit Hilfe eines durch eine Steuer- und Verarbeitungseinrichtung verarbeitbaren Algorithmus eventuelle, zwischen den durch einen Tachographen lokal gespeicherten Daten und den mit diesen korrespondierenden, in der zentralen Datenbank des mindestens einen Servers gespeicherten Daten bestehende Unterschiede ermittelt und hierzu entsprechende Vermerke über einen vermeintlichen Manipulationsversuch zumindest in der zentralen Datenbank mit den insbesondere für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden zugänglichen Daten abgespeichert werden. So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, dass im Wege einer entsprechenden Auswertung festgestellt wird, dass laut der lokal in dem Speicher des Tachographen gespeicherten Daten ein jeweils betrachtetes Kraftfahrzeug innerhalb einer Zeitspanne x - y still stand, während in der Datenbank auf dem mindestens einen Server eine Veränderung der Position verzeichnet ist. Dies deutet jedoch auf einen Manipulationsversuch hin, bei welchem versucht worden sein könnte, die lokal gespeicherten Daten zu ändern oder falsche Fahrzeug und/oder Fahreridentifikationsdaten zu verwenden.According to an advantageous development of the method, it is provided that, with the aid of an algorithm that can be processed by a control and processing device, any differences existing between the data stored locally by a tachograph and the data stored therewith and stored in the central database of the at least one server determined and for this purpose notes on a supposed manipulation attempt at least in the central database with the data accessible in particular for the security and / or regulatory authorities are stored. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, that it is determined by means of a corresponding evaluation that according to the data stored locally in the memory of the tachograph, a respectively viewed motor vehicle stood still within a time period x-y, while a change occurs in the database on the at least one server the position is recorded. However, this indicates a tampering attempt which may have attempted to change the locally stored data or use incorrect vehicle and / or driver identification data.

Durch den für die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden gegebenen Zugriff auf die Datenbank und aufgrund der Unterstützung durch den vorgenannten Algorithmus werden demnach Manipulationsversuche sehr schnell erkennbar. Die gesamte Datenerfassung und Speicherung erfolgt somit für die Behörden sehr transparent. Die in der zentralen Datenbank gehaltenen Daten werden dort für einen vordefinierten Zeitraum, beispielsweise für eine Zeitdauer von vorzugsweise 3 Monaten bis 6 Monaten, gegebenenfalls von 12 Monaten, gehalten.The access to the database given to the security and / or regulatory authorities and the support of the abovementioned algorithm therefore make it very easy to detect manipulation attempts. The entire data collection and storage is thus very transparent for the authorities. The data held in the central database are kept there for a predefined period of time, for example for a period of preferably 3 months to 6 months, possibly 12 months.

Eine weitere mögliche Weiterbildung des Verfahrens kann darin bestehen, dass eventuelle zwischen den Daten im Speicher des Tachographen und den Daten in der zentralen Datenbank bestehende und mittels des vorgenannten Algorithmus festgestellte Diskrepanzen durch den mindestens einen die zentrale Datenbank haltenden Server auch an den im Kraftfahrzeug angeordneten Tachographen übermittelt werden. Hierdurch ist die Möglichkeit eröffnet, im Falle des Bestehens derartiger Diskrepanzen im Extremfall beispielsweise nach dem Ausschalten der Zündung ein erneutes Starten des Kraftfahrzeugs mittels geeigneter, durch den Tachographen angesteuerter Aktoren zumindest vorübergehend zu verhindern.A further possible development of the method may be that any discrepancies existing between the data in the memory of the tachograph and the data in the central database and ascertained by means of the aforementioned algorithm by the at least one central database holding server are also transmitted to the arranged in the motor vehicle tachograph. This opens up the possibility, in the event of such discrepancies in the extreme case, for example, after switching off the ignition to prevent a restart of the motor vehicle by means of suitable, controlled by the tachograph actuators, at least temporarily.

Weiterhin besteht die Möglichkeit, dass der jeweilige Tachograph beim Eingang von Informationen über bestehende Unplausibilitäten mittels entsprechender, dafür ausgebildete Aktoren in anderer Weise, zum Beispiel durch eine vorübergehende Drosselung der maximalen Fahrzeuggeschwindigkeit, Einfluss auf das Fahrverhalten des betroffenen Kraftfahrzeugs nimmt. Auch kann das Verfahren derart weitergebildet sein, dass im Falle festgestellter Unplausibilitäten durch den mindestens einen, die zentrale Datenbank haltenden Server an den jeweiligen Tachographen eine für den Kraftfahrer bestimmte Information übermittelt wird, welche durch den Tachographen ausgegeben wird. Letzteres kann zum Beispiel durch die Ausgabe einer auf eine Unplausibilität hinweisenden Text- oder Sprachmitteilung über entsprechende Ausgabemittel beziehungsweise Ausgabeeinheiten, also über ein Display beziehungsweise einen Lautsprecher des Tachographen oder über mit ihm verbundene Ausgabeeinheiten geschehen. Hierbei ist es dann auch denkbar, dass die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden im Zusammenhang mit Verkehrskontrollen auf die zentrale Datenbank zugreifen und Einsicht in die Fahr- und Fahrerdaten von sich auf dem Weg zu einem entsprechenden Kontrollposten befindenden Kraftfahrzeugen und Kraftfahrern nehmen und im Falle dessen, dass sie dabei auf Unplausibilitäten aufmerksam werden, eine Mitteilung an den mindestens einen die Datenbank haltenden Server übermitteln, welcher dieser an den Tachographen des betroffenen Kraftfahrzeugs weiterleitet. So ist es beispielsweise denkbar, dass von einer Unplausibilität betroffener Kraftfahrer beziehungsweise der Kraftfahrer eines hiervon betroffenen Fahrzeugs durch die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden dazu aufgefordert wird den entsprechenden Kontrollposten oder/und den nächsten Parkplatz anzusteuern.Furthermore, there is the possibility that the respective tachograph on the receipt of information about existing implausibilities by appropriate, trained actuators in another way, for example by a temporary reduction of the maximum vehicle speed, influence on the driving behavior of the affected motor vehicle. The method can also be developed in such a way that, in the event of identified implausibilities, the at least one server holding the central database transmits to the respective tachograph information intended for the motorist, which information is output by the tachograph. The latter can be done, for example, by issuing a text or voice message indicative of an implausibility via corresponding output means or output units, ie via a display or a loudspeaker of the tachograph or via output units connected to it. In this case, it is also conceivable that the security and / or regulatory authorities access the central database in connection with traffic controls and have access to the driving and driving data of motor vehicles and motorists on the way to a corresponding checkpoint and if so in that they become aware of implausibilities, send a message to the at least one server holding the database, which forwards it to the tachograph of the motor vehicle concerned. Thus, it is conceivable, for example, that motorists affected by an implausibility or the driver of a vehicle affected by this are requested by the security and / or regulatory authorities to head for the corresponding checkpoint and / or the next parking space.

Ein sehr vorteilhafter Anwendungsfall der vorgeschlagenen Lösung, welcher sich aus der Speicherung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten an zentraler Stelle, nämlich in der zentralen Datenbank, ergibt, besteht in der Möglichkeit einer Identifikation und Ortung von Gefahrguttransportern durch die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden Sicherheitsbehörden oder durch Rettungsdienste. Für diesen Anwendungsfall ist es vorgesehen, dass entsprechende zusätzliche Angaben, zum Beispiel zur Gefahrenklasse eines beförderten Gefahrengutes an die zentrale Datenbank übertragen werden. Mit dem Onlinezugriff auf die Daten über das webbasierte Portal könnten die Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden gezielter kontrollieren und Rettungskräfte oder sonstige Einsatzkräfte des Katastrophenschutzes sowie von entsprechenden Leitsteilen könnten im Falle eines Unfalls mit Gefahrengut schneller und gezielter reagieren. Voraussetzung wäre es hierbei, dass der Kraftfahrer die insoweit erforderlichen Angaben zur Übertragung an die zentrale Datenbank in den Tachographen eingibt beziehungsweise mittels eines mit dem Tachographen gekoppelten Lesegeräts beispielsweise von einem Frachtschein in diesen einliest. Gegebenenfalls könnte die Möglichkeit das Kraftfahrzeug zu starten oder dieses in Bewegung zu setzen, daran gebunden sein, dass der Kraftfahrer zunächst einer entsprechenden Verpflichtung nachkommt.A very advantageous application of the proposed solution, which results from the storage of driving and driver data at a central location, namely in the central database, consists in the possibility of identification and location of dangerous goods transporters by the security and / or regulatory authorities security authorities or by emergency services. For this application, it is provided that corresponding additional information, for example, to the hazard class of a transported dangerous goods are transmitted to the central database. With the online access to the data via the web-based portal, the security and / or regulatory authorities could more closely control and emergency responders or other emergency response personnel as well as corresponding command centers could respond more quickly and more effectively in the event of a dangerous goods accident. In this case, it would be a prerequisite that the motorist enters the information required for transmission to the central database into the tachograph or, for example, reads it into the tachograph by means of a reader coupled to the tachograph, for example by means of a bill of lading. If necessary, the possibility of starting the motor vehicle or setting it in motion could be linked to the fact that the driver initially meets a corresponding obligation.

Das die Aufgabe lösende, zur Durchführung des Verfahrens ausgebildete System zur Aufzeichnung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten soll nachfolgend anhand der Fig. 1 erläutert werden, welche ein Ausführungsbeispiels des Systems in einer stark schematischen Darstellung zeigt.The task-solving, trained for carrying out the method system for recording driving and driving data will be described below with reference to Fig. 1 which shows an embodiment of the system in a highly schematic representation.

Demnach besteht das System aus einem in dem jeweiligen in das Verfahren einbezogenen Kraftfahrzeug 11 - 1n angeordneten Tachographen 31 - 3n und einem von diesem Tachographen vor Fahrtantritt auszulesenden Identifikationsmodul 41 - 4n eines das jeweilige Kraftfahrzeug 11 - 1n führenden Kraftfahrers 21 - 2n. Bei dem Identifikationsmodul 41 - 4n handelt es sich beispielsweise um eine Smartbeziehungsweise Chipkarte, welche von dem Kraftfahrer 21 - 2n zur Identifikation entweder in einen entsprechenden Schacht eines Lesegeräts beziehungsweise einer Leseeinheit des Tachographen 31 - 3n einzustecken ist oder mit einem durch den Tachographen 31 - 3n, beispielsweise über eine Bluetooth-Verbindung, auszulesenden Transponder mit den Profildaten des Kraftfahrers 21 - 2n ausgestattet ist.Accordingly, the system consists of a included in each in the process motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n arranged tachograph 3 1 - 3 n and to be read out from this tachograph before driving identification module 4 1 - 4 n of the respective motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n leading Driver 2 1 - 2 n . The identification module 4 1 - 4 n is for example a Smartbeziehungsweise chip card, which is to be inserted by the driver 2 1 - 2 n for identification either in a corresponding slot of a reader or a reading unit of the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n or with a by the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n , for example, via a Bluetooth connection, to be read transponder with the profile data of the driver 2 1 - 2 n is equipped.

Neben dem in dem Kraftfahrzeug 11 - 1n angeordneten Tachographen 31 - 3n mit dem lokalen Speicher umfasst das System mindestens einen über ein Netzwerk zugänglichen Server 6, der mit dem Tachographen 31 - 3n nach dem Prinzip der Machine-to-Machine-Kommunikation Daten automatisiert über eine mit dem Tachographen 31 - 3n gekoppelte Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinrichtung 51 - 5n und ein Mobilfunknetz austauscht. Durch diesen mindestens einen Server 6 - insoweit kann es sich hierbei auch um eine Cloud-Lösung mit einer Mehrzahl von Servern 6 handeln - wird die zentrale Datenbank 7 gehalten, in welcher alle in lokalen Speichern der Kraftfahrzeuge 11 - 1n abgespeicherten Daten nach erfolgter Übermittlung durch die Tachographen 31 - 3n nochmals abgespeichert werden. Neben Daten zu Lenk- und Ruhezeiten und gegebenenfalls zur Geschwindigkeit und zu den bei einer Fahrt zurückgelegten Entfernungskilometern können insbesondere die in der zentralen Datenbank abgelegten Daten auch Positionsdaten umfassen, welche im Zuge der Datenübertragung an den mindestens einen Server 6 beziehungsweise an die von diesem gehaltene zentrale Datenbank 7 für eine zur Datenübertragung genutzte Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinrichtung 51 - 5n des jeweiligen Tachographen 31 - 3n im Wege einer Funkzellenortung ermittelt werden.In addition to the in the motor vehicle 1 1 - 1 n arranged tachograph 3 1 - 3 n to the local memory, the system includes at least one server accessible via a network 6 connected to the tachograph 3 1 - n 3 according to the principle of the machine-to- Machine communication data automatically via a to the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n coupled mobile radio transmitting and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n and a mobile network exchanges. By means of this at least one server 6-insofar as this can also be a cloud solution with a plurality of servers 6-the central database 7 is kept, in which all data stored in local memories of the motor vehicles 1 1 -n n are stored Transmission by the tachograph 3 1 - 3 n are again stored. In addition to data on driving and rest times and possibly the speed and distance kilometers traveled during a journey, in particular the data stored in the central database may also include position data which in the course of the data transmission to the at least one server 6 or to the central Database 7 for a used for data transmission mobile radio transmitting and receiving device 5 1 - 5 n of the respective tachograph 3 1 - 3 n are determined by means of a radio cell location.

Zum System gehört weiterhin ein durch den mindestens einen, vorzugsweise als Teil einer Cloud-Lösung im Internet angeordneten Server 6 bereitgestelltes webbasiertes Portal, welches dazu berechtigten Personen, insbesondere der Sicherheits- und/oder Ordnungsbehörden, mittels dazu ausgebildeter und entsprechend ausgestatteter Endgeräte 81 - 8n einen Zugriff auf die in der zentralen Datenbank 7 abgelegten Fahr- und Fahrerdaten gestattet. Ein solcher Zugriff kann diesen Personen unter Nutzung von stationären PC-Arbeitsplätzen und/oder von mobilen Endgeräten, wie Laptops, Tablet-PCs oder Smartphones ermöglicht sein. Auf den betreffenden, mit einer Einheit für einen Netzwerkzugriff, insbesondere für den Zugang zum Internet ausgestatten Endgeräten 81 - 8n ist dazu eine den Zugriff auf die Daten steuernde sowie die Daten an dem betreffenden Endgerät 81 - 8n visualisierende Programmanwendung installiert. Im Falle des Einsatzes mobiler Endgeräte 81 - 8n für den Zugriff auf die zentrale Datenbank 7 handelt es sich bei dieser Programmanwendung vorzugsweise um eine App.The system further includes a web-based portal provided by the at least one server 6, preferably arranged as part of a cloud solution on the Internet, which has authorized persons, in particular the security and / or regulatory authorities, by means of suitably equipped and suitably equipped terminals 8 1 8 n allows access to the stored in the central database 7 driving and driving data. Such access may be made possible for these individuals using stationary PC workstations and / or mobile terminals such as laptops, tablet PCs, or smartphones. On the subject, with a unit for network access, in particular for the access to the Internet equipped terminals 8 1 - 8 n is to a data access controlling the data as well as the data at the relevant terminal 8 1 - 8 n visualizing program application installed. In the case of the use of mobile terminals 8 1 - 8 n for accessing the central database 7, this program application is preferably an app.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zur Aufzeichnung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten, nämlich von die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten eines Kraftfahrers dokumentierenden Daten, mittels eines Tachographen (31 - 3n) in einem Kraftfahrzeug (11 - 1n), gegenüber welchem sich der Kraftfahrer (21 - 2n) vor dem Antritt einer Fahrt mittels eines Identifikationsmoduls (41 - 4n) identifiziert und welcher die Daten in einem lokalen Speicher des Tachographen (31 - 3n) speichert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in dem lokalen Speicher abgelegten oder abzulegenden Daten durch den Tachographen (31 - 3n) zusätzlich über ein Mobilfunknetz automatisiert Machine-to-Machine an eine zentrale, auf mindestens einem entfernt angeordneten und über ein Netzwerk zugänglichen Server (6) gehaltene Datenbank (7) übertragen werden, wobei dazu ermächtigten Personen über ein webbasiertes Portal mittels computerbasierter Endgeräte (81 - 8n) ein Zugriff auf die in dieser zentralen Datenbank (7) gespeicherten, die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten einer Mehrzahl von Kraftfahrern (21 - 2n) dokumentierenden Daten ermöglicht ist.A method for recording driving and driver data, namely, the working time and the driving behavior of a driver documenting data by means of a tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) in a motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n ), opposite which the driver (2 1 - 2 n ) identified before the start of a journey by means of an identification module (4 1 - 4 n ) and which stores the data in a local memory of the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ), characterized in that stored in the local memory or data to be transferred by the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) in addition via a mobile network automatically machine-to-machine to a central, on at least one remotely located and accessible via a network server (6) held database (7) are transmitted, in addition authorized persons via a web-based portal by means of computer-based terminals (8 1 - 8 n ) access to the stored in this central database (7), the work tszeit and the driving behavior of a plurality of motorists (2 1 - 2 n ) documenting data is possible. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die in der zentralen Datenbank (7) gehaltenen Fahr- und Fahrerdaten auch Positionsdaten umfassen, die auf der Basis einer Zellortung einer Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit (51 - 5n) bestimmt werden, mit welcher ein Fahr- und Fahrerdaten an die zentrale Datenbank übertragender Tachograph (31 - 3n) ausgestattet ist.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the driving and driving data held in the central database (7) also comprise position data which are determined on the basis of a cell location of a mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit (5 1 - 5 n ) with which a Driving and driver data to the central database transmitting tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) is equipped. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Positionsdaten der Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit (51 - 5n) durch den mindestens einen auch die zentrale Datenbank (7) haltenden Server (6) auf der Grundlage von Funkzellendaten bestimmt werden, die von ihm bei technischen Einheiten des zugehörigen Mobilfunkproviders unmittelbar nach dem Empfang sonstiger von dem mit der Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit (51 - 5n) ausgestatteten Tachographen (31 - 3n) übertragener Fahr- und Fahrerdaten angefordert werden.Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the position data of the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit (5 1 - 5 n ) are determined by the at least one server (6) also holding the central database (7) on the basis of radio cell data received from it in technical units of the associated Mobilfunkproviders immediately after the receipt of other from the equipped with the mobile radio transmitting and receiving unit (5 1 - 5 n ) equipped tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) driving and driver data are requested. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Zugang zu in der zentralen Datenbank (7) des mindestens einen Servers (6) gespeicherten Daten den dazu ermächtigten Personen mittels mobiler Endgeräte (81 - 8n) und mit Hilfe einer durch diese mobilen Endgeräte (81 - 8n) verarbeiteten Miniprogrammanwendung ermöglicht ist.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the access to data stored in the central database (7) of the at least one server (6) is made available to the authorized persons by means of mobile terminals (8 1 - 8 n ) and by means of one of them Mobile terminals (8 1 - 8 n ) is processed miniprogramming application. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf der Grundlage eines Vergleichs der zu einem Kraftfahrer (21 - 2n) und dem von ihm gesteuerten Kraftfahrzeug (11 - 1n) in dem lokalen Speicher eines Tachographen (31 - 3n) gespeicherten Daten mit den korrespondierenden an die zentrale Datenbank (7) übermittelten und dort gespeicherten Daten von einer Steuer- und Verarbeitungseinrichtung mittels einer dazu verarbeiteten Programmanwendung Unplausibilitäten ermittelt und in der zentralen Datenbank (7) dokumentiert werden.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that on the basis of a comparison of the motor vehicle (2 1 - 2 n ) and the motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n ) controlled by it in the local memory of a tachograph (3 1 - 1 n ). 3 n ) data with the corresponding to the central database (7) transmitted and stored there data from a control and processing means using a program application processed implausibilities and documented in the central database (7). Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Informationen zu ermittelten Unplausibilitäten von dem mindestens einen, die zentrale Datenbank (7) haltenden Server (6) an den jeweiligen Tachographen (31 - 3n) des betroffenen Kraftfahrzeugs (11 - 1n) übermittelt werden und dieser nach dem Empfang dieser Informationen und einem Ausschalten der Zündung des mit dem Tachographen (31 - 3n) ausgestatteten Kraftfahrzeugs (11 - 1n) ein erneutes Starten dieses Kraftfahrzeugs (11 - 1n) durch ein Einwirken auf entsprechend ausgebildete Aktoren des Kraftfahrzeugs (11 - 1n) zumindest vorübergehend verhindert.Method according to claim 5, characterized in that information about determined implausibilities of the at least one server (6) holding the central database (7) to the respective tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) of the affected motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n ) be transmitted and this after receiving this information and switching off the ignition of the equipped with the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n ) restarting this motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n ) by acting on appropriately trained actuators of the motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n ) at least temporarily prevented. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Informationen zu ermittelten Unplausibilitäten von dem mindestens einen, die zentrale Datenbank (7) haltenden Server (6) an den jeweiligen Tachographen (31 - 3n) des betroffenen Kraftfahrzeugs (11 - 1n) übermittelt werden und dieser über dafür ausgebildete Aktoren Einfluss auf das Fahrverhalten des Kraftfahrzeugs nimmt.Method according to claim 5, characterized in that information about determined implausibilities of the at least one server (6) holding the central database (7) to the respective tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) of the affected motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n ) be transmitted and this takes over trained actuators influence on the handling of the motor vehicle. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Falle festgestellter Unplausibilitäten durch den mindestens einen, die zentrale Datenbank (7) haltenden Server (6) an den jeweiligen Tachographen (31 - 3n) eine Information übermittelt wird, welche über Ausgabemittel des Tachographen (31 - 3n) oder über mit diesem gekoppelte Ausgabemittel ausgegeben wird.Method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that in the case of established implausibilities by the at least one, the central database (7) holding server (6) to the respective tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) information is transmitted, which via output means of the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) or via output means coupled to it. System zur Aufzeichnung von Fahr- und Fahrerdaten, nämlich von die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten eines Kraftfahrers (21 - 2n) dokumentierenden Daten, mit jeweils einem in einem jeweiligen Kraftfahrzeug (11 - 1n) angeordneten Tachographen (31 - 3n) zur Erfassung der Fahr- und Fahrerdaten, welcher mit einem lokalen Speicher und mit einer Leseeinrichtung zum Auslesen eines von einem Kraftfahrer (21 - 2n) mitgeführten Identifikationsmoduls (41 - 4n) ausgestattet ist, mittels welchem sich ein Kraftfahrer (11 - 1n) vor dem Antritt einer Fahrt gegenüber dem Tachographen (31 - 3n) identifiziert, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tachograph (31 - 3n) mit einer Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinrichtung (51 - 5n) ausgestattet ist und dass das System weiterhin umfasst mindestens einen mit dem Tachographen (31 - 3n) über ein Mobilfunknetz automatisiert, nämlich Machine-to-Machine, kommunizierenden Server (6), eine von dem mindestens einen Server gehaltene zentrale Datenbank (7) mit die Arbeitszeit und das Fahrverhalten einer Mehrzahl von Kraftfahrern (21 - 2n) dokumentierenden Daten und stationäre oder mobile computerbasierte Endgeräte (81 - 8n) für einen dazu ermächtigten Personen über ein Netzwerk und über ein durch den mindestens einen Server (6) bereitgestelltes webbasiertes Portal ermöglichten Zugriff auf die zentrale Datenbank (7), wobei der Tachograph (31 - 3n) mit einer Steuer- und Verarbeitungseinrichtung und einer von dieser verarbeiteten Programmanwendung ausgestattet ist, welche dazu ausgebildet ist, die erfassten Fahr- und Fahrerdaten in dem lokalen Speicher des Tachographen (31 - 3n) zu speichern und diese Daten mittels der Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinrichtung (51 - 5n) Machine-to-Machine an die von dem mindestens einen Server (6) gehaltene zentrale Datenbank (7) zu übertragen und wobei die computerbasierten Endgeräte (81 - 8n) mit einer Programmanwendung für den webbasierten Zugriff auf die zentrale Datenbank (7) ausgestattet sind.System for recording vehicle and driver data, namely from the working time and the driving behavior of a motor driver (2 1 - 2 n) data documenting, respectively, with one in a respective motor vehicle (1 1 - 1 n) arranged tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) for detecting the driving and driving data, which is equipped with a local memory and with a reading device for reading a by a motorist (2 1 - 2 n ) entrained identification module (4 1 - 4 n ), by means of which a motorist (1 1 - 1 n ) identified before the start of a journey relative to the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ), characterized in that the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) with a mobile radio transmitting and receiving device (5 1 - 5 n ) is equipped and that the system further comprises at least one automated with the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) via a mobile network, namely machine-to-machine, communicating server (6), one of the at least one server held centrally e database (7) with the working time and the driving behavior of a plurality of motorists (2 1 - 2 n ) documenting data and stationary or mobile computer - based terminals (8 1 - 8 n ) for a person authorized for this purpose via a network and via the At least one server (6) provided web-based portal allowed access to the central database (7), wherein the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) is equipped with a control and processing device and a program processed by this program application, which is adapted to recorded driving and driving data in the local memory of the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) and store this data by means of the mobile radio transmitting and receiving device (5 1 - 5 n ) machine-to-machine to the at least one server (6 ) and wherein the computer-based terminals (8 1 - 8 n ) with a program application for web-based access to the central e database (7) are equipped. System nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Tachograph (31 - 3n) mit einer von seiner Steuer- und Verarbeitungseinrichtung verarbeitbaren Programmanwendung zur Bestimmung von Positionsdaten des Tachographen (31 - 3n) auf der Basis einer Zellortung seiner Mobilfunksende- und Empfangseinheit (51 - 5n) und zur Speicherung dieser Positionsdaten in dem lokalen Speicher des Tachographen (31 - 3n) sowie zu deren Übertragung an die zentrale Datenbank (7) ausgestattet ist.System according to claim 9, characterized in that the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) with a processable by its control and processing means program application for determining position data of the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) on the basis of a cell location of his Mobilfunkks- and Receiving unit (5 1 - 5 n ) and for storing these position data in the local memory of the tachograph (3 1 - 3 n ) and their transmission to the central database (7) is equipped.
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