EP3092346B1 - Method of and system for proofing a building - Google Patents

Method of and system for proofing a building Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3092346B1
EP3092346B1 EP14815600.3A EP14815600A EP3092346B1 EP 3092346 B1 EP3092346 B1 EP 3092346B1 EP 14815600 A EP14815600 A EP 14815600A EP 3092346 B1 EP3092346 B1 EP 3092346B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
adhesive
sealing
bitumen
adhesive substance
adhesives
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EP14815600.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3092346A1 (en
Inventor
Arnaldo ORDINAS SALES
Martin Theinert
Maren Jeske-Marquardt
Uwe Wirringa
Sonja Bohlen
Dirk Fischer
Holger KLOMP
Michael Haase
Thomas Fandel
Hartmut Urbath
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Publication of EP3092346A1 publication Critical patent/EP3092346A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
    • E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of building sealing and relates to a multi-stage process for sealing a building or part thereof in the wall and / or basement area using an adhesive and a geomembrane, as in principle, for example from the document DE 10 2005 053 336 A1 known.
  • the sealing of buildings and building parts against the ingress of moisture is of paramount importance in the construction industry. In particular, it is important to ensure a reliable long-term sealing. But it is also important that the implementation of the seal is as simple as possible, ie on the one hand fast and possibly carried out by only one or a maximum of two people, and on the other hand allows the correction of small errors or inaccuracies.
  • Thick coatings can be subdivided into on the one hand bitumen-containing compounds and on the other hand cementitious systems or mineral sealing slurries.
  • systems based on polymer-modified bituminous thick coatings (KMB) still exist.
  • KMB polymer-modified bituminous thick coatings
  • the application of thick coatings allows a reliable seal, but also has certain disadvantages.
  • the amount of sealing compound required with about 4.5 to 6 kg per square meter of surface to be sealed is comparatively high.
  • the sealing by means of geomembranes, which are equipped with a cold self-adhesive coating has the advantage, however, that after completion of the sealing work no waiting times must be met.
  • the tracks can be brought into contact with soil immediately after laying. Handling and However, applying these geomembranes is more complex than KMB.
  • KSK geomembrane a cold self-adhesive coating
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a method for sealing of buildings or parts of buildings in the wall and / or basement area and a system suitable for this purpose, which reliably meets the requirements of the seal to be achieved, but not the disadvantages of the classic Has procedures.
  • the seal should be as simple as possible, i. on the one hand fast and possible by only one or a maximum of two people can be performed, and on the other hand allow the correction of small errors or inaccuracies, in particular by moving the sealing sheet on the adhesive surface.
  • the pretreatment of the surface to be sealed with a primer should be dispensed with.
  • This method has a number of advantages over a seal with KSK sealing membranes.
  • a pretreatment of the surface to be sealed with a primer is not required.
  • the sealing sheets preferably do not have a self-adhesive layer, and thus no covering protective layer, such as e.g. Protective paper required, allowing easy handling of the web. If the sealing membranes are inserted into the still moist adhesive, they can be easily moved if necessary or, if necessary, completely removed and repositioned. The position of a sealing membrane can therefore be corrected for a certain time.
  • the sealing strips can be mounted not only vertically, but also horizontally, which is particularly advantageous in the sealing of building parts with complex geometry.
  • the sealing sheets are pressed onto the adhesive, as long as it has not formed any skin, in particular during the open time of the adhesive used.
  • the adhesive is still soft and flexible and the attached geomembrane can be moved without the geomembrane would have to be removed from the substrate. In this way, the position of the geomembrane can be particularly easily corrected.
  • the waterproofing membrane is pressed onto the adhesive-sticky adhesive layer.
  • the material of the geomembrane and the adhesive can be coordinated so that with a slight pressure of the geomembrane this can be withdrawn if necessary again and repositioned, and forms only when strong pressing a no longer releasable adhesive bond.
  • an adhesive is applied to the building or building part to be sealed. This can be done in a known manner.
  • the adhesive with a brush, a puff, a broom, a roll or a trowel are applied to the surface to be sealed. It is also possible to spray on the adhesive.
  • the amount of adhesive to be applied varies depending on the type of adhesive and the nature of the substrate.
  • An advantage of this approach over a seal by means of KSK sealing membranes is that a first seal can be achieved with the adhesive.
  • the adhesive can be applied to the entire surface to be sealed, wherein in a second step, then the required geomembranes are applied to impact on the adhesive.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out in sections, wherein first the sealed building or building part is provided on a surface with the adhesive which corresponds to the surface of at least 2 and a maximum of 3 provided for the sealing gaskets, then a first and second sealing web on the is applied with adhesive surface treated, then further adhesive is applied until the adhesive for bonding further geomembranes available, adhesive mass surface in turn corresponds to the surface of at least 2 and a maximum of 3 provided for sealing sealing webs, then two more geomembranes are glued and Repeat the last two steps as often as necessary until sealing sheets have been glued to the entire surface to be sealed.
  • the adhesive used in the first process step may in principle be known adhesives with which conventional building materials such as bricks, mineral plasters and concrete and the geomembranes used can be permanently bonded.
  • the adhesive is selected from bituminous adhesives, cement-based adhesives, polymer dispersion adhesives, one-part or two-part polyurethane adhesives, reactive resin adhesives, and silane-modified polymers based adhesives.
  • the geomembranes are preferably pressed onto the adhesive, as long as it has not formed any skin.
  • adhesives are preferably used used, which have an open time at 23 ° C of at least 3 minutes, preferably at least 5 minutes, more preferably at least 10 minutes.
  • the open time is determined in the sense of the present application as follows: The determination of the open time of water-based bituminous adhesives takes place optically. For this purpose, the adhesive is applied under normal conditions (23 ° C, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity 50%) in a thickness of 750 microns and an area of 200-300 cm 2 on a sucking substrate (sand-lime brick) and observed the color change from brown to black. This indicates the onset of skin formation. The time when the surface of the adhesive bed is 60% black is the open time of the corresponding water-based bitumen adhesive.
  • the open time of other adhesives is determined as follows: The adhesive is applied under normal conditions (23 ° C, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity 50%) in a thickness of 750 microns and an area of 200-300 cm 2 on a sucking substrate (sand-lime brick) , For cement-based adhesives, the layer thickness deviates from 1 mm. Then, at defined intervals (after 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes and then at intervals of 5 minutes), a 5 cm wide strip of the sealing sheet provided for use is inserted over a length of 30 cm with the side to be bonded into the adhesive bed and 1 once rolled with a 2 kg roller. Immediately thereafter, the strip is peeled off again and the wetting of the back of the strip with adhesive is optically determined. As soon as less than 40% of the surface is wetted, the open time is over.
  • Bituminous adhesives are particularly preferably used according to the invention, in particular water-based bituminous adhesives, preferably solvent-free, water-based bituminous adhesives.
  • compositions which preferably contain mainly water as the solvent component, in particular the water content of the total solvent component is more than 50% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, very particularly preferably more than 99 wt .-%.
  • the compositions of the bituminous adhesives may contain up to 10% by weight, especially up to 6% by weight of an organic solvent.
  • the preferred solvent-free bituminous adhesives are substantially free of organic solvents, wherein preferably the organic solvents have an initial boiling point of at most 180 ° C, more preferably of at most 250 ° C at standard pressure of 1013 hPa.
  • Organic solvents are defined in particular according to the Decopaint Directive 2004/42 / EC, according to which organic solvents are used alone or in combination with other substances to dissolve or dilute raw materials, products or waste, as a cleaning agent for the dissolution of Contaminants, as a dispersant, as a means for regulating the viscosity or the surface tension or as a plasticizer or preservative is used.
  • Preferred bituminous adhesives contain less than 1% by weight, in particular less than 0.1% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 0.001% by weight, of an organic solvent.
  • the preferred bituminous adhesives contain water.
  • Preferred water-based bituminous adhesives have a water content of 5 to 70 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 60 wt .-%, most preferably 20 to 50 wt .-%.
  • the content of aqueous dispersion of at least one acrylic acid ester copolymer gives the bituminous adhesives a high pressure-sensitive tack and good adhesion even to surfaces which are difficult to bond.
  • Preferred aqueous bitumen emulsion and / or preferred aqueous dispersions of at least one acrylate copolymer have a preferred water content of 5 to 70 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 60 wt .-%, most preferably 20 to 50 wt .-%.
  • Suitable antifreeze agents are, for example, dihydric or polyhydric alcohols, preference being given to using diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or mixtures thereof.
  • Preservatives which can be used, for example, are the known biocides, in particular fungicides and microbicides.
  • the bituminous adhesives may of course also contain further additives, preferably additives for regulating the viscosity, for adjusting the pH, for influencing the drying behavior and / or for influencing the processing properties.
  • further additives are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the total amount of further additives in the preferably used bituminous adhesives is at most 10% by weight, more preferably at most 5% by weight and especially preferably at most 1% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the bitumen adhesive.
  • the sealing sheets are pressed onto the adhesive.
  • a geomembrane is understood to be a sheet which is flexible under standard conditions (23 ° C., 50% relative atmospheric humidity) and which usually has a thickness of 5 mm or less.
  • the production of such geomembranes is carried out in a conventional manner, that is, for example, by calendering or extrusion through a slot die.
  • the geomembranes may generally have a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably 0.3 to 3 mm, more preferably 0.7 to 2.0 mm and most preferably 1.2 to 1.7 mm.
  • the geomembranes used can be in different widths. However, to ensure easy workability, the width should not exceed 2 m.
  • the geomembranes have a width of 0.5 to 1.5 m, more preferably 0.9 to 1.1 m.
  • the length of the geomembrane is largely uncritical. It can for example be up to 10 m, up to 50 m or even up to 100 m and more.
  • the geomembrane is rolled up lengthwise and stored as a role. Before application, the waterproofing membrane is unrolled and cut to the length required for the application.
  • the geomembrane has a multilayer structure and comprises at least one cover layer and one contact layer, the geomembrane being pressed onto the adhesive such that the contact layer and the adhesive are in direct contact with one another.
  • Both the top layer and the contact layer can be based on a variety of different materials.
  • the cover layer may be a plastic film, but also a nonwoven, scrim or fabric.
  • plastic films are used. These may for example be based on thermoplastic or elastic polymers.
  • thermoplastic polymers include: acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, casein plastics, artificial horn, cellulose acetate, cellulose hydrate, cellulose nitrate, cyclo-olefin copolymers, liquid crystal polymers, high impact polystyrene, perfluoroalkoxyalkane, polyamide, Polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyetherimide, polyether ketones, polyethersulfone, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polylactic acid, polymethacrylmethylimide, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethylpentene, polyoxymethylene or polyacetal, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphthalamide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polystyrene foamed, polyst
  • the elastic polymers may be, for example, acrylonitrile / butadiene / acrylate, acrylonitrile / chlorinated polyethylene / styrene, acrylonitrile / methyl methacrylate, butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene oxide.
  • Propylene-diene rubber ethylene-vinyl acetate, fluororubber, isoprene rubber, natural rubber (gum arabic), polyisobutylene, polyvinyl butyral, silicone rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, vinyl chloride / ethylene or vinyl chloride / ethylene / methacrylate.
  • the geomembranes have a cover layer based on polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene.
  • the cover layer is particularly preferably a polymer film based on low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE), wherein this layer is more preferably at least two-layered, the individual layers being cross-laminated.
  • HDPE low-pressure polyethylene
  • the contact layer used is in particular aluminum foils and plastic films based on thermoplastic polymers selected from acrylester-styrene-acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose hydrate, cellulose nitrate, cyclo-olefin copolymers, polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyetherimide, polyether ketones, polyethersulfone, Polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polylactide (polylactic acid), polymethacrylmethylimide, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethylpentene, polyoxymethylene or polyacetal, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphthalamide, polypropylene, polystyrene, Polystyrene foamed, polystyrene impact-resistant, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl
  • the geomembranes have a contact layer based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate, particularly preferably based on aluminum-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or aluminum-containing polybutylene terephthalate.
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PET polybutylene terephthalate
  • aluminum-containing polybutylene terephthalate aluminum-containing polybutylene terephthalate
  • polymer-based cover and contact layers may contain further constituents in addition to the respective base polymer.
  • plasticizers may be, for example, additives such as fillers, pigments, dyes, UV stabilizers, heat stabilizers, fungicides and plasticizers.
  • Suitable plasticizers are preferably polymeric plasticizers. However, it is also possible to use low molecular weight plasticizers, for example phthalate plasticizers.
  • the plasticizers used may also be the customary plasticizers known from the prior art which are compatible with the respective base polymer.
  • plasticizers examples include derivatives of sylvic acid or acetic acid derivatives such as cumylphenyl acetate, adipic acid derivatives such as benzyloctyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, diisononyl adipate, derivatives of azelaic acid, benzoic acid derivatives, polyphenyl derivatives, citric acid derivatives, epoxidized fatty derivatives, and glycol derivatives.
  • sylvic acid or acetic acid derivatives such as cumylphenyl acetate
  • adipic acid derivatives such as benzyloctyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, diisononyl adipate, derivatives of azela
  • heat stabilizers known in the art, e.g. Pb stabilizers and / or Ba / Zn stabilizers preferably Ca / Zn stabilizers may be included.
  • UV stabilizers may also additionally be present, for example oxalanilides, amides, titanium dioxide, carbon black, in particular Tinuvin® and / or Chimasorp®.
  • the stabilizers are each contained in amounts of 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the respective layer. Usually, the total amount of stabilizers does not exceed 20% by weight.
  • Fillers which can be used are the customary fillers known from the prior art, such as, for example, chalk, talc or silicic acids, although it is particularly preferable Kaolin as filler.
  • the amount of fillers is generally 0.5 to 15, preferably 1 to 10 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the respective layer.
  • lubricants preferably Ca-stearate
  • processing aids preferably Ca-stearate
  • gelling aids preferably UV transducers
  • biocides such as thiazoline derivatives, tributyltin, chloroisothiazoline or oxybisphenoxyarsen, particularly preferred are isothiazoline derivatives.
  • Cover and contact layer must be intimately connected. This can be achieved by the usual methods, for example lamination, gluing, calendering or coextruding.
  • a sealing web is preferably used whose cover layer and contact layer are connected to one another by means of a bitumen-based bonding layer.
  • the geomembranes may have further layers.
  • This may be, for example, a fiber reinforcement.
  • This fiber reinforcement can consist of a fleece, a scrim and / or a fabric.
  • the fiber reinforcement may consist, for example, of fibers which are selected from glass, mineral, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene fibers or mixtures of these.
  • a first sealing web and then at least one further sealing web are first pressed onto the adhesive, wherein the second and each further sealing web is positioned in abutment with the respectively adjacent sealing web. Since the process control according to the invention allows a certain correction of the positioning, the first geomembrane can very easily be mounted exactly in the desired position.
  • the attachment of further geomembranes on impact has the advantage that the exact positioning of these geomembranes simply results from the fact that they are pushed up to the edge of the respective adjacent geomembrane. There are no additional measures required for the separate alignment of these geomembranes.
  • the second and each further sealing web can also be positioned overlapping with the respectively adjacent sealing web.
  • the user benefits from the ability to correct the positioning of individual geomembranes.
  • the geomembranes are arranged in such a way that a strip of overlap that is as uniform as possible between adjacent geomembranes results.
  • the connection of individual geomembranes with each other in these overlapping areas can be achieved by the usual methods.
  • the edge region of the geomembranes on the bottom and / or top of a self-adhesive strip can be provided, whose width corresponds to the width of the desired overlap region.
  • the joints of adjacent sealing sheets are additionally sealed in a further method step.
  • a liquid sealant can be applied, which forms an additional sealing layer after curing in this area.
  • the additional sealing of the joint areas takes place by gluing these areas over with a self-adhesive sealing strip.
  • Corresponding sealing strips are known and may be formed, for example, based on bitumen or butyl rubber.
  • the width of the weather strip may vary, but preferably should not be less than 16 cm. Preferably, the width is 16 to 20 cm, for example 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 cm.
  • the strength, i. Thickness of the weather strip may vary depending on the material and requirement profile. It is generally 0.1 to 2 mm. Suitable weather strips are commercially available.
  • Another object of the invention is a system for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • the system further comprises C) a self-adhesive weather strip based on bitumen or butyl rubber.
  • bitumen adhesive A water-based bitumen adhesive
  • geomembrane B multilayered geomembrane
  • weather strip C self-adhesive weather strip based on bitumen or butyl rubber
  • the waterproofing membrane was cut to the required length and rolled up. The cut was made on a hardboard along a metal rail with a conventional cutter knife.
  • test wall T-shape, wall surface 30 x 100 and 100 x 100 cm
  • KS-Ratio bricks sand-lime bricks according to DIN EN 771-2
  • the adhesive was applied with a quast (Köster tassel for slurries) in a layer thickness of about 1 mm on the wall.
  • a second geomembrane was pressed into fresh glue and pushed against the first geomembrane. It could be generated as a running seam between the adjacent seams, which had no defects.
  • the Geomembrane had no wrinkles or air pockets and even after several days, no changes in the position of the geomembrane or quality of Stoßverklebitch were found.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung liegt auf dem Gebiet der Gebäudeabdichtung und betrifft ein mehrstufiges Verfahren zur Abdichtung eines Gebäudes oder eines Teils davon im Wand-und/oder Kellerbereich unter Einsatz einer Klebemasse und einer Dichtungsbahn, so wie im Grundsatz beispielsweise aus der Druckschrift DE 10 2005 053 336 A1 bekannt. Der Abdichtung von Gebäuden und Gebäudeteilen gegen das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit kommt in der Bauindustrie überragende Bedeutung zu. Dabei kommt es insbesondere darauf an, eine zuverlässige Langzeitabdichtung zu gewährleisten. Wichtig ist aber auch, dass die Durchführung der Abdichtung möglichst unaufwändig ist, d.h. einerseits schnell und möglichst von nur einer oder maximal zwei Personen durchgeführt werden kann, und andererseits die Korrektur kleiner Fehler oder Ungenauigkeiten erlaubt.The present invention is in the field of building sealing and relates to a multi-stage process for sealing a building or part thereof in the wall and / or basement area using an adhesive and a geomembrane, as in principle, for example from the document DE 10 2005 053 336 A1 known. The sealing of buildings and building parts against the ingress of moisture is of paramount importance in the construction industry. In particular, it is important to ensure a reliable long-term sealing. But it is also important that the implementation of the seal is as simple as possible, ie on the one hand fast and possibly carried out by only one or a maximum of two people, and on the other hand allows the correction of small errors or inaccuracies.

Im Rahmen der Bauwerksabdichtung, insbesondere zum Abdichten und zum Schutz von erdberührten Bauwerken und Bauteilen, wie Kelleraußenwänden, feuchten Räumen, Stützmauern und dergleichen, ist der Einsatz unterschiedlicher Abdichtungssysteme bekannt. In der Praxis findet vor allem die Abdichtung durch Aufbringen so genannter Dickbeschichtungen, sowie das Anbringen selbstklebender Bahnsysteme Anwendung.In the context of structural waterproofing, in particular for sealing and protection of earth-contacting structures and components, such as basement outer walls, damp rooms, retaining walls and the like, the use of different sealing systems is known. In practice, especially the sealing by application of so-called thick coatings, as well as the application of self-adhesive web systems application.

Dickbeschichtungen lassen sich unterteilen in einerseits bitumenhaltige Massen und andererseits zementäre Systeme bzw. mineralische Dichtungsschlämmen. Daneben existieren noch Systeme auf Basis von kunststoffmodifizierten Bitumendickbeschichtungen (KMB). Das Aufbringen von Dickbeschichtungen erlaubt eine zuverlässige Abdichtung, hat aber auch gewisse Nachteile. So ist der die Menge an benötigter Dichtmasse mit etwa 4,5 bis 6 kg pro Quadratmeter abzudichtender Fläche vergleichsweise hoch. Zudem ist es in der Regel nötig, die abzudichtende Fläche vor dem Aufbringen der Dichtmasse mit einem Vorbehandlungsmittel, dem so genannten Primer zu behandeln, und die aufgebrachte Dichtmasse muss längere Zeit, in der Regel etwa 2 Tage aushärten, bevor die Masse beispielsweise mit Erdreich in Kontakt gebracht werden kann.Thick coatings can be subdivided into on the one hand bitumen-containing compounds and on the other hand cementitious systems or mineral sealing slurries. In addition, systems based on polymer-modified bituminous thick coatings (KMB) still exist. The application of thick coatings allows a reliable seal, but also has certain disadvantages. Thus, the amount of sealing compound required with about 4.5 to 6 kg per square meter of surface to be sealed is comparatively high. In addition, it is usually necessary to treat the surface to be sealed before applying the sealant with a pretreatment agent, the so-called primer, and the applied sealant for a long time, usually about 2 days harden before the mass, for example, with soil in Contact can be brought.

Die Abdichtung mittels Dichtungsbahnen, die mit einer kalt selbstklebenden Beschichtung ausgerüstet sind (KSK-Dichtungsbahn), hat hingegen den Vorteil, dass nach Abschluss der Abdichtungsarbeiten keine Wartezeiten eingehalten werden müssen. Die Bahnen können unmittelbar nach Verlegen mit Erdreich in Kontakt gebracht werden. Handhabung und Anbringen dieser Dichtungsbahnen ist jedoch komplexer als KMB. Zur Gewährleistung einer zuverlässigen Abdichtung und Hinterlaufsicherheit ist es erforderlich, dass die abzudichtende Fläche und die Dichtungsbahn sicher miteinander vollflächig verklebt sind. Dazu ist es zunächst erforderlich, die abzudichtende Fläche mit einem Primer vorzubehandeln. Sobald die Selbstklebeschicht und die vorbehandelte, abzudichtende Fläche miteinander in Kontakt gebracht werden, wird ein Klebeverbund ausgebildet, der so stark ist, dass sich die Dichtungsbahn nur noch unter großem Kraftaufwand von der abzudichtenden Fläche ablösen lässt. In der Regel ist der Klebeverbund so stark, dass dabei die Klebeschicht zerstört wird und die Dichtungsbahn unbrauchbar wird. Es ist also peinlich darauf zu achten, dass die Dichtungsbahn in der korrekten Position auf die abzudichtende Fläche aufgebracht wird. Nachträgliche Korrekturen sind praktisch nicht möglich. Zudem müssen Verschmutzungen auf der Selbstklebeschicht, wie z.B. Erde, Staub, etc. vermieden werden. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, dass KSK-Dichtungsbahnen überlappend verlegt werden müssen. Der Überlappungsbereich sollte gemäß Verarbeitungsnormen eine Breite von etwa 8 cm nicht unterschreiten. Dies erfordert ein ideal paralleles Verlegen benachbarter Dichtungsbahnen.The sealing by means of geomembranes, which are equipped with a cold self-adhesive coating (KSK geomembrane), has the advantage, however, that after completion of the sealing work no waiting times must be met. The tracks can be brought into contact with soil immediately after laying. Handling and However, applying these geomembranes is more complex than KMB. To ensure a reliable seal and rear safety, it is necessary that the surface to be sealed and the geomembrane are securely glued together over the entire surface. For this purpose, it is first necessary to pretreat the surface to be sealed with a primer. Once the self-adhesive layer and the pretreated surface to be sealed are brought into contact with each other, an adhesive bond is formed which is so strong that the geomembrane can only be detached from the surface to be sealed with great force. As a rule, the adhesive bond is so strong that the adhesive layer is destroyed and the geomembrane becomes unusable. So it is embarrassing to make sure that the waterproofing membrane is applied in the correct position on the surface to be sealed. Subsequent corrections are practically impossible. In addition, contamination on the self-adhesive layer, such as soil, dust, etc. must be avoided. To make matters worse, that KSK geomembranes must be laid overlapping. The overlap area should not be less than 8 cm wide according to processing standards. This requires ideally parallel laying of adjacent geomembranes.

Die Anforderungen, welche die verschiedenen zuvor genannten Abdichtungssysteme im Hinblick auf die Bauwerksabdichtung erfüllen müssen, sind durch verschiedene Normen und Richtlinien festgelegt, so z. B. in der DIN 18195, "Bauwerksabdichtungen", Teil 1 bis 10 (Teil 1, 3 bis 6: Ausgabe August 2000; Teil 2: Ausgabe April 2009; Teil 7: Ausgabe Juli 2009; Teile 8 bis 10: Ausgabe März 2004), DIN 18195-100 (Entwurf, Juni 2003) und DIN 18195-101 (Entwurf, September 2005).The requirements which the various sealing systems mentioned above have to meet in terms of structural sealing are determined by various standards and guidelines, such as: In DIN 18195, "Structural Waterproofing", Part 1 to 10 (Parts 1, 3 to 6: August 2000 edition, Part 2: April 2009 edition, Part 7: July 2009 edition, Parts 8 to 10: March 2004 edition) , DIN 18195-100 (draft, June 2003) and DIN 18195-101 (draft, September 2005).

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren zur Abdichtung von Gebäuden oder Gebäudeteilen im Wand- und/oder Kellerbereich und ein dafür geeignetes System zur Verfügung zu stellen, das die Anforderungen an die zu erzielende Abdichtung zuverlässig erfüllt, dabei aber nicht die Nachteile der klassischen Vorgehensweisen aufweist. Insbesondere soll die Abdichtung möglichst unaufwändig sein, d.h. einerseits schnell und möglichst von nur einer oder maximal zwei Personen durchgeführt werden können, und andererseits die Korrektur kleiner Fehler oder Ungenauigkeiten erlauben, insbesondere durch Verschieben der Dichtbahn auf der Klebefläche. Auf das Vorbehandeln der abzudichtenden Fläche mit einem Primer soll verzichtet werden können.Object of the present invention is to provide a method for sealing of buildings or parts of buildings in the wall and / or basement area and a system suitable for this purpose, which reliably meets the requirements of the seal to be achieved, but not the disadvantages of the classic Has procedures. In particular, the seal should be as simple as possible, i. on the one hand fast and possible by only one or a maximum of two people can be performed, and on the other hand allow the correction of small errors or inaccuracies, in particular by moving the sealing sheet on the adhesive surface. The pretreatment of the surface to be sealed with a primer should be dispensed with.

Die Aufgabe wird durch das anspruchsgemäße Verfahren und System gelöst.The task is solved by the claimed method and system.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist daher ein Verfahren zur Abdichtung eines Gebäudes oder eines Teils davon im Wand- und/oder Kellerbereich, wobei

  1. a) auf das abzudichtende Gebäude oder Gebäudeteil zunächst eine Klebemasse aufgebracht wird,
  2. b) anschließend eine erste Dichtungsbahn auf die Klebemasse gedrückt wird, und
  3. c) schließlich mindestens eine weitere Dichtungsbahn auf die Klebemasse gedrückt wird, wobei die zweite und jede weitere Dichtungsbahn auf Stoß mit der jeweils benachbarten Dichtungsbahn positioniert wird.
The invention therefore provides a method for sealing a building or a part thereof in the wall and / or basement area, wherein
  1. a) an adhesive is first applied to the building or building part to be sealed,
  2. b) then a first sealing sheet is pressed onto the adhesive, and
  3. c) Finally, at least one further geomembrane is pressed onto the adhesive, wherein the second and each further geomembrane is positioned in abutment with the respective adjacent geomembrane.

Dieses Verfahren hat gegenüber einer Abdichtung mit KSK-Dichtbahnen eine Reihe von Vorteilen. Eine Vorbehandlung der abzudichtenden Fläche mit einem Primer ist nicht erforderlich. Die Dichtbahnen besitzen vorzugsweise keine Selbstklebeschicht und damit ist auch keine abdeckende Schutzschicht, wie z.B. Schutzpapier erforderlich, was eine einfache Handhabung der Bahn ermöglicht. Werden die Dichtbahnen in die noch feuchte Klebemasse eingelegt, lassen sie sich bei Bedarf leicht verschieben oder falls notwendig auch vollständig abziehen und neu positionieren. Die Position einer Dichtbahn lässt sich daher für eine gewisse Zeit korrigieren. Zudem können die Dichtbahnen nicht nur vertikal, sondern auch horizontal angebracht werden, was insbesondere bei der Abdichtung von Gebäudeteilen mit komplexer Geometrie von Vorteil ist.This method has a number of advantages over a seal with KSK sealing membranes. A pretreatment of the surface to be sealed with a primer is not required. The sealing sheets preferably do not have a self-adhesive layer, and thus no covering protective layer, such as e.g. Protective paper required, allowing easy handling of the web. If the sealing membranes are inserted into the still moist adhesive, they can be easily moved if necessary or, if necessary, completely removed and repositioned. The position of a sealing membrane can therefore be corrected for a certain time. In addition, the sealing strips can be mounted not only vertically, but also horizontally, which is particularly advantageous in the sealing of building parts with complex geometry.

Vorzugsweise werden die Dichtungsbahnen auf die Klebemasse gedrückt, solange diese noch keine Haut gebildet hat, insbesondere während der offenen Zeit der eingesetzten Klebemasse. 0Dies hat den besonderen Vorteil, dass die Klebemasse noch weich und beweglich ist und die darauf angebrachte Dichtungsbahn verschoben werden kann, ohne dass die Dichtungsbahn vom Untergrund abgezogen werden müsste. Auf diese Art und Weise lässt sich die Position der Dichtungsbahn besonders einfach korrigieren. Es ist aber auch möglich, die Klebemasse zunächst weitgehend abtrocknen zu lassen. Die Dichtungsbahn wird in diesem Fall auf die noch haftklebrige Klebeschicht gedrückt. Dabei können das Material der Dichtungsbahn und die Klebemasse so aufeinander abgestimmt werden, dass bei einem leichten Andrücken der Dichtungsbahn diese im Bedarfsfall wieder abgezogen und neu positioniert werden kann, und sich erst bei starkem Andrücken ein nicht mehr lösbarer Klebeverbund ausbildet.Preferably, the sealing sheets are pressed onto the adhesive, as long as it has not formed any skin, in particular during the open time of the adhesive used. 0This has the particular advantage that the adhesive is still soft and flexible and the attached geomembrane can be moved without the geomembrane would have to be removed from the substrate. In this way, the position of the geomembrane can be particularly easily corrected. But it is also possible to let the adhesive initially dry to a large extent. In this case, the waterproofing membrane is pressed onto the adhesive-sticky adhesive layer. In this case, the material of the geomembrane and the adhesive can be coordinated so that with a slight pressure of the geomembrane this can be withdrawn if necessary again and repositioned, and forms only when strong pressing a no longer releasable adhesive bond.

Im ersten Schritt des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird auf das abzudichtende Gebäude oder Gebäudeteil eine Klebemasse aufgebracht. Dies kann in bekannter Art und Weise geschehen. Beispielsweise kann die Klebemasse mit einer Bürste, einem Quast, einem Besen, einer Rolle oder einer Kelle auf die abzudichtende Fläche aufgetragen werden. Es ist auch möglich, die Klebemasse aufzusprühen.In the first step of the method according to the invention, an adhesive is applied to the building or building part to be sealed. This can be done in a known manner. For example, the adhesive with a brush, a puff, a broom, a roll or a trowel are applied to the surface to be sealed. It is also possible to spray on the adhesive.

Die Menge an aufzutragender Klebemasse variiert je nach Art der Klebemasse und Untergrundbeschaffenheit.The amount of adhesive to be applied varies depending on the type of adhesive and the nature of the substrate.

Ein Vorteil dieses Vorgehens gegenüber einer Abdichtung mittels KSK-Dichtbahnen besteht darin, dass mit der Klebemasse eine erste Abdichtung erzielbar ist.An advantage of this approach over a seal by means of KSK sealing membranes is that a first seal can be achieved with the adhesive.

Die Klebemasse kann auf die komplette abzudichtende Fläche aufgebracht werden, wobei in einem zweiten Schritt dann die benötigten Dichtungsbahnen auf Stoß auf der Klebemasse aufgebracht werden.The adhesive can be applied to the entire surface to be sealed, wherein in a second step, then the required geomembranes are applied to impact on the adhesive.

Vorzugsweise wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren jedoch abschnittsweise durchgeführt, wobei zunächst das abzudichtende Gebäude oder Gebäudeteil auf einer Fläche mit der Klebemasse versehen wird, die der Fläche von mindestens 2 und maximal 3 der für die Abdichtung vorgesehenen Dichtungsbahnen entspricht, dann eine erste und zweite Dichtungsbahn auf die mit Klebemasse behandelte Fläche aufgedrückt wird, sodann weitere Klebemasse aufgebracht wird, bis die zur Verklebung weiterer Dichtungsbahnen zur Verfügung stehende, Klebemasse aufweisende Fläche wiederum der Fläche von mindestens 2 und maximal 3 der für die Abdichtung vorgesehenen Dichtungsbahnen entspricht, dann zwei weitere Dichtungsbahnen aufgeklebt werden und die letzten beiden Schritte so oft wiederholt werden, bis auf der gesamten abzudichtenden Fläche Dichtungsbahnen aufgeklebt sind.Preferably, however, the method according to the invention is carried out in sections, wherein first the sealed building or building part is provided on a surface with the adhesive which corresponds to the surface of at least 2 and a maximum of 3 provided for the sealing gaskets, then a first and second sealing web on the is applied with adhesive surface treated, then further adhesive is applied until the adhesive for bonding further geomembranes available, adhesive mass surface in turn corresponds to the surface of at least 2 and a maximum of 3 provided for sealing sealing webs, then two more geomembranes are glued and Repeat the last two steps as often as necessary until sealing sheets have been glued to the entire surface to be sealed.

Bei der im ersten Verfahrensschritt eingesetzten Klebemasse kann es sich grundsätzlich um bekannte Klebemassen handeln, mit denen sich übliche Gebäudebaumaterialien, wie beispielsweise Ziegel, mineralische Putze und Beton und die zum Einsatz kommenden Dichtungsbahnen dauerhaft verkleben lassen.The adhesive used in the first process step may in principle be known adhesives with which conventional building materials such as bricks, mineral plasters and concrete and the geomembranes used can be permanently bonded.

Vorzugsweise ist die Klebemasse ausgewählt aus Bitumenklebstoffen, Klebstoffen auf Zementbasis, Polymerdispersionsklebstoffen, einkomponentigen oder zweikomponentigen Polyurethanklebstoffen, Reaktivharzklebstoffen und Klebstoffen auf Basis von silanmodifizierten Polymeren.Preferably, the adhesive is selected from bituminous adhesives, cement-based adhesives, polymer dispersion adhesives, one-part or two-part polyurethane adhesives, reactive resin adhesives, and silane-modified polymers based adhesives.

Wie bereits oben erläutert, werden die Dichtungsbahnen vorzugsweise auf die Klebemasse gedrückt, solange diese noch keine Haut gebildet hat. Um eine hinreichend lange Zeit zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrensschritts zu gewährleisten, kommen vorzugsweise Klebemassen zum Einsatz, die eine offene Zeit bei 23°C von mindestens 3 Minuten, vorzugsweise mindestens 5 Minuten, besonders bevorzugt mindestens 10 Minuten aufweisen.As already explained above, the geomembranes are preferably pressed onto the adhesive, as long as it has not formed any skin. In order to ensure a sufficiently long time for carrying out this method step, adhesives are preferably used used, which have an open time at 23 ° C of at least 3 minutes, preferably at least 5 minutes, more preferably at least 10 minutes.

Die offene Zeit wird im Sinne vorliegender Anmeldung wie folgt bestimmt:
Die Bestimmung der offenen Zeit von wasserbasierten Bitumenklebstoffen erfolgt optisch. Dazu wird die Klebemasse unter Normalbedingungen (23°C, Atmosphärendruck, relative Luftfeuchtigkeit 50 %) in einer Dicke von 750 µm und einer Fläche von 200-300 cm2 auf einen saugenden Untergrund (Kalksandstein) aufgezogen und der Farbumschlag von braun zu schwarz beobachtet. Dieser zeigt den Beginn der Hautbildung an. Der Zeitpunkt, zu dem die Oberfläche des Kleberbetts zu 60% schwarz ist, ist die offene Zeit des entsprechenden wasserbasierten Bitumenklebstoffs.The open time is determined in the sense of the present application as follows:
The determination of the open time of water-based bituminous adhesives takes place optically. For this purpose, the adhesive is applied under normal conditions (23 ° C, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity 50%) in a thickness of 750 microns and an area of 200-300 cm 2 on a sucking substrate (sand-lime brick) and observed the color change from brown to black. This indicates the onset of skin formation. The time when the surface of the adhesive bed is 60% black is the open time of the corresponding water-based bitumen adhesive.

Die offene Zeit sonstiger Klebemassen wird wie folgt bestimmt: Die Klebemasse wird unter Normalbedingungen (23°C, Atmosphärendruck, relative Luftfeuchtigkeit 50 %) in einer Dicke von 750 µm und einer Fläche von 200-300 cm2 auf einen saugenden Untergrund (Kalksandstein) aufgezogen. Für zementbasierte Klebstoffe beträgt die Schichtdicke abweichend davon 1 mm. Anschließend wird in definierten Zeitabständen (nach 3 min, 5 min, 10 min und dann in Abständen von 5 min) ein 5 cm breiter Streifen der zum Einsatz vorgesehenen Dichtungsbahn auf einer Länge von 30 cm mit der zu verklebenden Seite in das Kleberbett eingelegt und 1-mal mit einer 2 kg-Walze angerollt. Unmittelbar danach wird der Streifen wieder abgezogen und die Benetzung der Rückseite des Streifens mit Klebemasse optisch bestimmt. Sobald weniger als 40% der Fläche benetzt sind, ist die offene Zeit vorbei.The open time of other adhesives is determined as follows: The adhesive is applied under normal conditions (23 ° C, atmospheric pressure, relative humidity 50%) in a thickness of 750 microns and an area of 200-300 cm 2 on a sucking substrate (sand-lime brick) , For cement-based adhesives, the layer thickness deviates from 1 mm. Then, at defined intervals (after 3 minutes, 5 minutes, 10 minutes and then at intervals of 5 minutes), a 5 cm wide strip of the sealing sheet provided for use is inserted over a length of 30 cm with the side to be bonded into the adhesive bed and 1 once rolled with a 2 kg roller. Immediately thereafter, the strip is peeled off again and the wetting of the back of the strip with adhesive is optically determined. As soon as less than 40% of the surface is wetted, the open time is over.

Besonders bevorzugt kommen erfindungsgemäß Bitumenklebstoffe zum Einsatz, insbesondere wasserbasierte Bitumenklebstoffe, bevorzugt lösemittelfreie, wasserbasierte Bitumenklebstoffe.Bituminous adhesives are particularly preferably used according to the invention, in particular water-based bituminous adhesives, preferably solvent-free, water-based bituminous adhesives.

Der Fachmann versteht unter wasserbasierten Bitumenklebstoffe Zusammensetzungen, die bevorzugt als Lösemittel-Komponente hauptsächlich Wasser enthalten, insbesondere beträgt der Wasseranteil an der gesamten Lösemittel-Komponente mehr als 50 Gew.%, bevorzugt mehr als 90 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt mehr als 99 Gew.-%. In einigen Ausführungen können die Zusammensetzungen der Bitumenklebstoffe bis zu 10 Gew.-%, insbesondere bis zu 6 Gew.-% eines organischen Lösemittels enthalten. Die bevorzugten lösemittelfreien Bitumenklebstoffe sind im Wesentlichen frei von organischen Lösemitteln, wobei bevorzugt die organischen Lösemittel einen Anfangssiedepunkt von höchstens 180°C, besonders bevorzugt von höchstens 250°C bei Standarddruck von 1013 hPa haben. Organische Lösemittel sind insbesondere definiert gemäß der Decopaint Richtlinie 2004/42/EG, wonach organische Lösemittel allein oder in Verbindung mit andern Stoffen zur Auflösung oder Verdünnung von Rohstoffen, Produkten oder Abfallstoffen, als Reinigungsmittel zur Auflösung von Verschmutzungen, als Dispersionsmittel, als Mittel zur Regulierung der Viskosität oder der Oberflächenspannung oder als Weichmacher oder Konservierungsstoff verwendet wird. Bevorzugte Bitumenklebstoffe enthalten weniger als 1 Gew.-%, insbesondere weniger als 0,1 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt weniger als 0,001 Gew.-% eines organischen Lösemittels. Als bevorzugte einzige Lösemittel-Komponente enthalten die bevorzugten Bitumenklebstoffe Wasser. Bevorzugte wasserbasierte Bitumenklebstoffe haben einen Wasseranteil von 5 bis 70 Gew.-%, insbesondere 10 bis 60 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 50 Gew.-%.The person skilled in the art understands, under water-based bituminous adhesives, compositions which preferably contain mainly water as the solvent component, in particular the water content of the total solvent component is more than 50% by weight, preferably more than 90% by weight, very particularly preferably more than 99 wt .-%. In some embodiments, the compositions of the bituminous adhesives may contain up to 10% by weight, especially up to 6% by weight of an organic solvent. The preferred solvent-free bituminous adhesives are substantially free of organic solvents, wherein preferably the organic solvents have an initial boiling point of at most 180 ° C, more preferably of at most 250 ° C at standard pressure of 1013 hPa. Organic solvents are defined in particular according to the Decopaint Directive 2004/42 / EC, according to which organic solvents are used alone or in combination with other substances to dissolve or dilute raw materials, products or waste, as a cleaning agent for the dissolution of Contaminants, as a dispersant, as a means for regulating the viscosity or the surface tension or as a plasticizer or preservative is used. Preferred bituminous adhesives contain less than 1% by weight, in particular less than 0.1% by weight, very particularly preferably less than 0.001% by weight, of an organic solvent. As a preferred single solvent component, the preferred bituminous adhesives contain water. Preferred water-based bituminous adhesives have a water content of 5 to 70 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 60 wt .-%, most preferably 20 to 50 wt .-%.

Bevorzugte Bitumenklebstoffe enthalten

  • 20 bis 70 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 20 bis 50 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 25 bis 40 Gew.-% einer wässrigen Bitumenemulsion,
  • 20 bis 60 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 30 bis 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 35 bis 50 Gew.-% einer wässrigen Dispersion mindestens eines Acrylsäureestercopolymers,
  • 10 bis 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 10 bis 30 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 15 bis 30 Gew.-% mindestens eines Füllstoffs,
  • 0 bis 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 1 bis 9 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 2 bis 8 Gew.-% mindestens eines Frostschutzmittels, und
  • 0 bis 3 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 0,01 bis 2 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 bis 1,5 Gew.-% mindestens eines Konservierungsmittels.
Contain preferred bituminous adhesives
  • 20 to 70 wt .-%, preferably 20 to 50 wt .-%, particularly preferably 25 to 40 wt .-% of an aqueous bitumen emulsion,
  • 20 to 60 wt .-%, preferably 30 to 60 wt .-%, particularly preferably 35 to 50 wt .-% of an aqueous dispersion of at least one Acrylsäureestercopolymers,
  • From 10 to 40% by weight, preferably from 10 to 30% by weight, particularly preferably from 15 to 30% by weight, of at least one filler,
  • 0 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 9 wt .-%, particularly preferably 2 to 8 wt .-% of at least one antifreeze, and
  • 0 to 3 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 2 wt .-%, particularly preferably 0.1 to 1.5 wt .-% of at least one preservative.

Sämtliche Mengenangaben beziehen sich dabei auf das Gesamtgewicht des Bitumenklebstoffs.All quantities are based on the total weight of the bituminous adhesive.

Insbesondere der Gehalt an wässriger Dispersion mindestens eines Acrylsäureestercopolymers verleiht den Bitumenklebstoffen eine hohe Haftklebrigkeit und gute Haftung auch zu schwierig zu verklebenden Untergründen.In particular, the content of aqueous dispersion of at least one acrylic acid ester copolymer gives the bituminous adhesives a high pressure-sensitive tack and good adhesion even to surfaces which are difficult to bond.

Bevorzugte wässrige Bitumenemulsion und/oder bevorzugte wässrige Dispersionen mindestens eines Acrylsäureestercopolymers haben einen bevorzugten Wasseranteil von 5 bis 70 Gew.-%, insbesondere 10 bis 60 Gew.-%, ganz besonders bevorzugt 20 bis 50 Gew.-%.Preferred aqueous bitumen emulsion and / or preferred aqueous dispersions of at least one acrylate copolymer have a preferred water content of 5 to 70 wt .-%, in particular 10 to 60 wt .-%, most preferably 20 to 50 wt .-%.

Geeignete Frostschutzmittel sind beispielsweise zwei- oder mehrwertige Alkohole, wobei bevorzugt Diethylenglycol, Polypropylenglycol oder deren Gemische zum Einsatz kommen.Suitable antifreeze agents are, for example, dihydric or polyhydric alcohols, preference being given to using diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or mixtures thereof.

Als Konservierungsmittel können beispielsweise die bekannten Biozide, insbesondere Fungizide und Mikrobizide zum Einsatz kommen.Preservatives which can be used, for example, are the known biocides, in particular fungicides and microbicides.

Die Bitumenklebstoffe können selbstverständlich auch weitere Additive enthalten, vorzugsweise Additive zur Regulierung der Viskosität, zur Einstellung des pH-Werts, zur Beeinflussung des Trocknungsverhaltens und/oder zur Beeinflussung der Verarbeitungseigenschaften. Entsprechende Additive sind dem Fachmann bekannt. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Gesamtmenge an weiteren Additiven in den bevorzugt eingesetzten Bitumenklebstoffen maximal 10 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt maximal 5 Gew.-% und insbesondere bevorzugt maximal 1 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht des Bitumenklebstoffs.The bituminous adhesives may of course also contain further additives, preferably additives for regulating the viscosity, for adjusting the pH, for influencing the drying behavior and / or for influencing the processing properties. Corresponding additives are known to the person skilled in the art. Preferably, the total amount of further additives in the preferably used bituminous adhesives is at most 10% by weight, more preferably at most 5% by weight and especially preferably at most 1% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the bitumen adhesive.

Nach Aufbringen der Klebemasse auf die abzudichtende Fläche werden die Dichtungsbahnen auf die Klebemasse gedrückt.After applying the adhesive to the surface to be sealed, the sealing sheets are pressed onto the adhesive.

Unter einer Dichtungsbahn wird im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ein bei Normbedingungen (23°C, 50% relative Luftfeuchte) flexibles Flächengebilde verstanden, welches üblicherweise eine Dicke von 5 mm oder weniger aufweist. Die Herstellung derartiger Dichtungsbahnen erfolgt in an sich bekannter Weise, das heißt beispielsweise durch Kalandrieren oder Extrusion durch eine Breitschlitzdüse. Die Dichtungsbahnen können dabei im Allgemeinen eine Stärke von 0,1 bis 5 mm, vorzugsweise 0,3 bis 3 mm, besonders bevorzugt 0,7 bis 2,0 mm und ganz besonders bevorzugt 1,2 bis 1,7 mm aufweisen. Die eingesetzten Dichtungsbahnen können in verschiedenen Breiten vorliegen. Um eine einfache Verarbeitbarkeit zu gewährleisten, sollte die Breite jedoch 2 m nicht überschreiten. Vorzugsweise weisen die Dichtungsbahnen eine Breite von 0,5 bis 1,5 m, besonders bevorzugt von 0,9 bis 1,1 m auf. Die Länge der Dichtungsbahn ist weitgehend unkritisch. Sie kann beispielsweise bis zu 10 m, bis zu 50 m oder sogar bis zu 100 m und mehr betragen. In der Regel wird die Dichtungsbahn ihrer Länge nach aufgerollt und als Rolle gelagert. Vor der Anwendung wird die Dichtungsbahn abgerollt und auf die für die Anwendung notwendige Länge zugeschnitten.For the purposes of the present invention, a geomembrane is understood to be a sheet which is flexible under standard conditions (23 ° C., 50% relative atmospheric humidity) and which usually has a thickness of 5 mm or less. The production of such geomembranes is carried out in a conventional manner, that is, for example, by calendering or extrusion through a slot die. The geomembranes may generally have a thickness of 0.1 to 5 mm, preferably 0.3 to 3 mm, more preferably 0.7 to 2.0 mm and most preferably 1.2 to 1.7 mm. The geomembranes used can be in different widths. However, to ensure easy workability, the width should not exceed 2 m. Preferably, the geomembranes have a width of 0.5 to 1.5 m, more preferably 0.9 to 1.1 m. The length of the geomembrane is largely uncritical. It can for example be up to 10 m, up to 50 m or even up to 100 m and more. In general, the geomembrane is rolled up lengthwise and stored as a role. Before application, the waterproofing membrane is unrolled and cut to the length required for the application.

Grundsätzlich können bekannte Dichtungsbahnen zum Einsatz kommen. Es hat sich aber als vorteilhaft erwiesen und ist daher bevorzugt, wenn die Dichtungsbahn mehrschichtig ausgebildet ist und mindestens eine Deckschicht und eine Kontaktschicht umfasst, wobei die Dichtungsbahn so auf die Klebemasse aufgedrückt wird, dass Kontaktschicht und Klebemasse in direktem Kontakt miteinander stehen.In principle, known geomembranes can be used. However, it has proved to be advantageous and is therefore preferred if the geomembrane has a multilayer structure and comprises at least one cover layer and one contact layer, the geomembrane being pressed onto the adhesive such that the contact layer and the adhesive are in direct contact with one another.

Sowohl die Deck-, als auch die Kontaktschicht können auf einer Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Materialien basieren.Both the top layer and the contact layer can be based on a variety of different materials.

Bei der Deckschicht kann es sich um eine Kunststofffolie, aber auch ein Vlies, Gelege oder Gewebe handeln. Bevorzugt kommen Kunststofffolien zum Einsatz. Diese können beispielsweise auf thermoplastischen oder elastischen Polymeren basieren.The cover layer may be a plastic film, but also a nonwoven, scrim or fabric. Preferably, plastic films are used. These may for example be based on thermoplastic or elastic polymers.

Als geeignete thermoplastische Polymere seien beispielhaft genannt: Acrylester-Styrol-Acrylnitril, Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol, Casein-Kunststoffe, Kunsthorn, Celluloseacetat, Cellulosehydrat, Cellulosenitrat, Cyclo-Olefin-Copolymere, Flüssigkristall-Polymere, High Impact Polystyrol, Perfluoralkoxylalkan, Polyamid, Polybutylenterephthalat, Polycarbonat, Polychlortrifluorethylen, Polyetherimid, Polyetherketone, Polyethersulfon, Polyethylen, Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyimid, Polylactid (Polymilchsäure), Polymethacrylmethylimid, Polytrimethylenterephthalat, Polymethylmethacrylat, Polymethylpenten, Polyoxymethylen oder Polyacetal, Polyphenylenether, Polyphenylensulfid, Polyphthalamid, Polypropylen, Polystyrol, Polystyrol geschäumt, Polystyrol schlagfest, Polysulfon, Polytetrafluorethylen, Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylchlorid (Hart-PVC), Polyvinylchlorid (Weich-PVC), Polyvinylidenfluorid, Styrol-Acrylnitril- Copolymerisat, Thermoplastische Stärke, Polyhydroxyalkanoate, Polyhydroxybutyrat, Polyester, Polyether-Block-Amid, Styrol-Butadien-Styrol und thermoplastisches Polyurethan.Examples of suitable thermoplastic polymers include: acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, casein plastics, artificial horn, cellulose acetate, cellulose hydrate, cellulose nitrate, cyclo-olefin copolymers, liquid crystal polymers, high impact polystyrene, perfluoroalkoxyalkane, polyamide, Polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyetherimide, polyether ketones, polyethersulfone, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polylactic acid, polymethacrylmethylimide, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethylpentene, polyoxymethylene or polyacetal, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphthalamide, polypropylene, polystyrene, polystyrene foamed, polystyrene impact resistant , Polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), polyvinyl chloride (plasticized PVC), polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, thermoplastic starch, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyhydroxybutyrate, Polyester, polyether block amide, styrene-butadiene-styrene and thermoplastic polyurethane.

Bei den elastischen Polymeren kann es sich beispielsweise um Acrylnitril/Butadien/ Acrylat, Acrylnitril/chloriertes Polyethylen/Styrol, Acrylnitril/ Methylmethacrylat, Butadien-Kautschuk, Butylkautschuk, Chloropren-Kautschuk, Ethylen-Ethylacrylat- Copolymer, Ethylen-Propylen-Copolymer, Ethylen-Propylen-Dien- Kautschuk, Ethylenvinylacetat, Fluorkautschuk, Isopren-Kautschuk, Naturkautschuk (Gummi arabicum), Polyisobutylen, Polyvinylbutyral, SiliconKautschuk, Styrol-Butadien-Kautschuk, Vinylchlorid/Ethylen oder Vinylchlorid/ Ethylen/ Methacrylat handeln.The elastic polymers may be, for example, acrylonitrile / butadiene / acrylate, acrylonitrile / chlorinated polyethylene / styrene, acrylonitrile / methyl methacrylate, butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, chloroprene rubber, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene oxide. Propylene-diene rubber, ethylene-vinyl acetate, fluororubber, isoprene rubber, natural rubber (gum arabic), polyisobutylene, polyvinyl butyral, silicone rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, vinyl chloride / ethylene or vinyl chloride / ethylene / methacrylate.

Vorzugsweise weisen die Dichtungsbahnen eine Deckschicht auf Basis von Polyvinylchlorid, Polyethylen oder Polypropylen auf. Besonders bevorzugt handelt es sich bei der Deckschicht um einen Polymerfilm auf Basis von Niederdruck-Polyethylen (HDPE), wobei diese weiter bevorzugt mindestens zweilagig ausgestaltet ist, wobei die einzelnen Lagen kreuzlaminiert sind.Preferably, the geomembranes have a cover layer based on polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene or polypropylene. The cover layer is particularly preferably a polymer film based on low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE), wherein this layer is more preferably at least two-layered, the individual layers being cross-laminated.

Als Kontaktschicht kommen insbesondere Aluminiumfolien und Kunststofffolien auf Basis thermoplastischer Polymere, ausgewählt aus Acrylester-Styrol-Acrylnitril, Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol, Celluloseacetat, Cellulosehydrat, Cellulosenitrat, Cyclo-Olefin-Copolymere, Polyamid, Polybutylenterephthalat, Polycarbonat, Polyetherimid, Polyetherketone, Polyethersulfon, Polyethylenterephthalat, Polyimid, Polylactid (Polymilchsäure), Polymethacrylmethylimid, Polytrimethylenterephthalat, Polymethylmethacrylat, Polymethylpenten, Polyoxymethylen oder Polyacetal, Polyphenylenether, Polyphenylensulfid, Polyphthalamid, Polypropylen, Polystyrol, Polystyrol geschäumt, Polystyrol schlagfest, Polysulfon, Polytetrafluorethylen, Polyvinylacetat, Polyvinylchlorid (Hart-PVC), Polyvinylchlorid (Weich-PVC), Polyvinylidenfluorid, Styrol-Acrylnitril- Copolymerisat, Polyhydroxyalkanoate, Polyhydroxybutyrat, Polyester, Polyether-Block-Amid, Styrol-Butadien-Styrol und thermoplastisches Polyurethan in Frage.The contact layer used is in particular aluminum foils and plastic films based on thermoplastic polymers selected from acrylester-styrene-acrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, cellulose acetate, cellulose hydrate, cellulose nitrate, cyclo-olefin copolymers, polyamide, polybutylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyetherimide, polyether ketones, polyethersulfone, Polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, polylactide (polylactic acid), polymethacrylmethylimide, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, polymethylpentene, polyoxymethylene or polyacetal, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphthalamide, polypropylene, polystyrene, Polystyrene foamed, polystyrene impact-resistant, polysulfone, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC), polyvinyl chloride (plasticized PVC), polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyhydroxybutyrate, polyesters, polyether block amide, styrene-butadiene Styrene and thermoplastic polyurethane in question.

Vorzugsweise weisen die Dichtungsbahnen eine Kontaktschicht auf Basis von Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) oder Polybutylenterephthalat auf, insbesondere bevorzugt auf Basis von Aluminium-bedamftem Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) oder Aluminium-bedamftem Polybutylenterephthalat.Preferably, the geomembranes have a contact layer based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate, particularly preferably based on aluminum-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or aluminum-containing polybutylene terephthalate.

Deck- und Kontaktschicht auf Polymerbasis können selbstverständlich neben dem jeweiligen Basispolymer weitere Bestandteile enthalten.Of course, polymer-based cover and contact layers may contain further constituents in addition to the respective base polymer.

Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um Zusätze wie Füllstoffe, Pigmente, Farbstoffe, UV-Stabilisatoren, Thermostabilisatoren, Fungizide und Weichmacher handeln. Geeignete Weichmacher sind bevorzugt polymere Weichmacher. Es können jedoch auch niedermolekulare Weichmacher eingesetzt werden, wie beispielsweise Phthalatweichmacher. Als Weichmacher können außerdem die üblichen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten mit dem jeweiligen Basispolymer verträglichen Weichmacher eingesetzt werden. Typische Weichmacher sind beispielsweise Derivate der Sylvinsäure oder Essigsäurederivate wie beispielsweise Cumylphenylacetat, Derivate der Adipinsäure wie Benzyloctyladipat, Dibutyladipat, Diisobutyladipat, Di-(2-ethylhexyl)adipat, Diisononyladipat, Derivate der Azelainsäure, Benzoesäurederivate, Polyphenylderivate, Zitronensäurederivate, epoxidierte Fettderivate, sowie Glycolderivate.These may be, for example, additives such as fillers, pigments, dyes, UV stabilizers, heat stabilizers, fungicides and plasticizers. Suitable plasticizers are preferably polymeric plasticizers. However, it is also possible to use low molecular weight plasticizers, for example phthalate plasticizers. The plasticizers used may also be the customary plasticizers known from the prior art which are compatible with the respective base polymer. Examples of typical plasticizers are derivatives of sylvic acid or acetic acid derivatives such as cumylphenyl acetate, adipic acid derivatives such as benzyloctyl adipate, dibutyl adipate, diisobutyl adipate, di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate, diisononyl adipate, derivatives of azelaic acid, benzoic acid derivatives, polyphenyl derivatives, citric acid derivatives, epoxidized fatty derivatives, and glycol derivatives.

Zur Erhöhung der Thermostabilität können zusätzlich aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Wärmestabilisatoren wie z.B. Pb-Stabilisatoren und/ oder Ba/Zn-Stabilisatoren vorzugsweise Ca/Zn-Stabilisatoren enthalten sein. Daneben können auch zusätzlich noch UV-Stabilisatoren enthalten sein, wie beispielsweise Oxalanilide, Amide, Titandioxid, Ruß, insbesondere Tinuvin® und/ oder Chimasorp®. Üblicherweise sind die Stabilisatoren jeweils in Mengen von 0,01 bis 10, vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der jeweiligen Schicht, enthalten. Üblicherweise übersteigt die Gesamtmenge an Stabilisatoren nicht 20 Gew.-%.In addition, to increase the thermal stability, heat stabilizers known in the art, e.g. Pb stabilizers and / or Ba / Zn stabilizers preferably Ca / Zn stabilizers may be included. In addition, UV stabilizers may also additionally be present, for example oxalanilides, amides, titanium dioxide, carbon black, in particular Tinuvin® and / or Chimasorp®. Usually, the stabilizers are each contained in amounts of 0.01 to 10, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the respective layer. Usually, the total amount of stabilizers does not exceed 20% by weight.

Als Füllstoffe können die üblichen aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Füllstoffe zum Einsatz kommen, wie beispielsweise Kreide, Talkum oder Kieselsäuren, besonders bevorzugt ist jedoch Kaolin als Füllstoff. Die Menge an Füllstoffen beträgt in der Regel 0,5 bis 15, bevorzugt 1 bis 10 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht der jeweiligen Schicht.Fillers which can be used are the customary fillers known from the prior art, such as, for example, chalk, talc or silicic acids, although it is particularly preferable Kaolin as filler. The amount of fillers is generally 0.5 to 15, preferably 1 to 10 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the respective layer.

Daneben können noch weitere übliche Inhaltsstoffe enthalten sein, wie beispielsweise Gleitmittel, vorzugsweise Ca-Stearat, Verarbeitungshilfsmittel, Gelierhilfen, UV-Wandler oder Biozide wie beispielsweise Thiazolinderivate, Tributylzinn, Chlorisothiazolin oder Oxybisphenoxyarsen, besonders bevorzugt sind Isothiazolinderivate.In addition, other conventional ingredients may be included, such as lubricants, preferably Ca-stearate, processing aids, gelling aids, UV transducers or biocides such as thiazoline derivatives, tributyltin, chloroisothiazoline or oxybisphenoxyarsen, particularly preferred are isothiazoline derivatives.

Deck- und Kontaktschicht müssen innig miteinander verbunden sein. Die lässt sich nach den üblichen Verfahren, beispielsweise Laminieren, Verkleben, Kalandrieren oder Coextrudieren erreichen. Bevorzugt wird erfindungsgemäß eine Dichtungsbahn eingesetzt, deren Deckschicht und Kontaktschicht mittels einer Verbindungsschicht auf Bitumenbasis miteinander verbunden sind.Cover and contact layer must be intimately connected. This can be achieved by the usual methods, for example lamination, gluing, calendering or coextruding. According to the invention, a sealing web is preferably used whose cover layer and contact layer are connected to one another by means of a bitumen-based bonding layer.

Bevorzugt enthält die Verbindungsschicht auf Bitumenbasis dabei

  • 50 bis 90 Gew.-% Bitumen,
  • 5 bis 15 Gew.-% mindestens eines Polymers, das kein Bitumen ist, und
  • 10 bis 35 Gew.-% mindestens eines Füllstoffs.
Preferably, the bonding layer contains bitumen-based
  • 50 to 90% by weight bitumen,
  • 5 to 15 wt .-% of at least one polymer which is not a bitumen, and
  • 10 to 35 wt .-% of at least one filler.

Neben Deck-, Kontakt- und Verbindungsschicht können die Dichtungsbahnen weitere Schichten aufweisen. Dabei kann es sich beispielsweise um eine Faserverstärkung handeln. Diese Faserverstärkung kann in einem Vlies, einem Gelege und/oder einem Gewebe bestehen. Dabei kann die Faserverstärkung beispielsweise aus Fasern bestehen, die ausgewählt sind aus Glas-, Mineral-, Polyester-, Polyamid-, Polyethylen-, Polypropylenfasern oder aus Mischungen von diesen.In addition to cover, contact and bonding layer, the geomembranes may have further layers. This may be, for example, a fiber reinforcement. This fiber reinforcement can consist of a fleece, a scrim and / or a fabric. The fiber reinforcement may consist, for example, of fibers which are selected from glass, mineral, polyester, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene fibers or mixtures of these.

Erfindungsgemäß wird zunächst eine erste Dichtungsbahn und anschließend mindestens eine weitere Dichtungsbahn auf die Klebemasse gedrückt, wobei die zweite und jede weitere Dichtungsbahn auf Stoß mit der jeweils benachbarten Dichtungsbahn positioniert wird. Da die erfindungsgemäße Verfahrensführung eine gewisse Korrektur der Positionierung erlaubt, lässt sich die erste Dichtungsbahn sehr einfach exakt in der gewünschten Position anbringen. Das Anbringen weiterer Dichtungsbahnen auf Stoß hat den Vorteil, dass sich die exakte Positionierung dieser Dichtungsbahnen einfach dadurch ergibt, dass diese an die Kante der jeweils benachbarten Dichtungsbahn herangeschoben werden. Es sind keine zusätzlichen Maßnahmen zur separaten Ausrichtung dieser Dichtungsbahnen erforderlich.According to the invention, a first sealing web and then at least one further sealing web are first pressed onto the adhesive, wherein the second and each further sealing web is positioned in abutment with the respectively adjacent sealing web. Since the process control according to the invention allows a certain correction of the positioning, the first geomembrane can very easily be mounted exactly in the desired position. The attachment of further geomembranes on impact has the advantage that the exact positioning of these geomembranes simply results from the fact that they are pushed up to the edge of the respective adjacent geomembrane. There are no additional measures required for the separate alignment of these geomembranes.

In einer alternativen Verfahrensführung können die zweite und jede weitere Dichtungsbahn jedoch auch überlappend mit der jeweils benachbarten Dichtungsbahn positioniert werden. Auch hier profitiert der Anwender von der Korrigierbarkeit der Positionierung einzelner Dichtungsbahnen. Die Dichtungsbahnen werden jedoch in diesem Fall so angeordnet, dass zwischen benachbarten Dichtungsbahnen ein möglichst gleichmäßig breiter Überlappungsstreifen resultiert. Die Verbindung einzelner Dichtungsbahnen miteinander in diesen Überlappungsbereichen kann nach den üblichen Verfahren erreicht werden. So kann im Randbereich der Dichtungsbahnen auf Unter- und/oder Oberseite ein Selbstklebestreifen vorgesehen werden, dessen Breite der Breite des gewünschten Überlappungsbereichs entspricht. Es ist aber auch möglich in einem separaten Verfahrensschritt im Überlappungsbereich eine Klebemasse aufzutragen und benachbarte Dichtungsbahnen so in diesem Bereich zu verkleben.In an alternative process control, however, the second and each further sealing web can also be positioned overlapping with the respectively adjacent sealing web. Here, too, the user benefits from the ability to correct the positioning of individual geomembranes. However, in this case, the geomembranes are arranged in such a way that a strip of overlap that is as uniform as possible between adjacent geomembranes results. The connection of individual geomembranes with each other in these overlapping areas can be achieved by the usual methods. Thus, in the edge region of the geomembranes on the bottom and / or top of a self-adhesive strip can be provided, whose width corresponds to the width of the desired overlap region. But it is also possible in a separate process step in the overlap area to apply an adhesive and to glue adjacent geomembranes so in this area.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens werden nach Andrücken der Dichtungsbahnen die Stöße benachbarter Dichtungsbahnen in einem weiteren Verfahrensschritt zusätzlich abgedichtet.In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, after the sealing sheets have been pressed, the joints of adjacent sealing sheets are additionally sealed in a further method step.

Dazu kann im Stoßbereich beispielsweise eine flüssige Dichtmasse aufgetragen werden, die nach dem Aushärten in diesem Bereich eine zusätzliche Dichtschicht ausbildet. Vorzugsweise erfolgt die zusätzliche Abdichtung der Stoßbereiche jedoch durch Überkleben dieser Bereiche mit einem selbstklebenden Dichtungsstreifen. Entsprechende Dichtstreifen sind bekannt und können beispielsweise auf Basis von Bitumen oder Butylkautschuk ausgebildet sein. Die Breite des Dichtungsstreifens kann variieren, sollte vorzugsweise aber 16 cm nicht unterschreiten. Vorzugsweise beträgt die Breite 16 bis 20 cm, beispielsweise 16, 17, 18, 19 oder 20 cm. Auch die Stärke, d.h. Dicke des Dichtungsstreifens kann je nach Material und Anforderungsprofil variieren. Sie liegt im Allgemeinen bei 0,1 bis 2 mm. Geeignete Dichtungsstreifen sind kommerziell erhältlich.For this purpose, in the impact area, for example, a liquid sealant can be applied, which forms an additional sealing layer after curing in this area. Preferably, however, the additional sealing of the joint areas takes place by gluing these areas over with a self-adhesive sealing strip. Corresponding sealing strips are known and may be formed, for example, based on bitumen or butyl rubber. The width of the weather strip may vary, but preferably should not be less than 16 cm. Preferably, the width is 16 to 20 cm, for example 16, 17, 18, 19 or 20 cm. Also the strength, i. Thickness of the weather strip may vary depending on the material and requirement profile. It is generally 0.1 to 2 mm. Suitable weather strips are commercially available.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein System zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.Another object of the invention is a system for carrying out the method according to the invention.

Dieses umfasstThis includes

  1. A) einen wasserbasierten Bitumenklebstoff, bevorzugt lösemittelfrei, enthaltend
    • 20 bis 70 Gew.-% einer wässrigen Bitumenemulsion,
    • 20 bis 60 Gew.-% einer wässrigen Dispersion mindestens eines Acrylsäureestercopolymers,
    • 10 bis 40 Gew.-% mindestens eines Füllstoffs,
    • 0 bis 10 Gew.-% mindestens eines Frostschutzmittels, und
    • 0 bis 3 Gew.-% mindestens eines Konservierungsmittels, sowie
    A) a water-based bituminous adhesive, preferably solvent-free, containing
    • From 20 to 70% by weight of an aqueous bitumen emulsion,
    • From 20 to 60% by weight of an aqueous dispersion of at least one acrylic acid ester copolymer,
    • 10 to 40% by weight of at least one filler,
    • 0 to 10 wt .-% of at least one antifreeze, and
    • 0 to 3 wt .-% of at least one preservative, and
  2. B) eine Dichtungsbahn, die mehrschichtig ausgebildet ist und mindestens eine Deckschicht und eine Kontaktschicht umfasst.B) a geomembrane, which is multi-layered and comprises at least one cover layer and a contact layer.

Vorzugsweise umfasst das System weiterhin C) einen selbstklebenden Dichtungsstreifen auf Basis von Bitumen oder Butylkautschuk.Preferably, the system further comprises C) a self-adhesive weather strip based on bitumen or butyl rubber.

Bezüglich bevorzugter Ausgestaltungen des wasserbasierten Bitumenklebstoffs (Bitumenklebstoff A)), der mehrschichtig ausgebildeten Dichtungsbahn (Dichtungsbahn B)) und des selbstklebenden Dichtungsstreifen auf Basis von Bitumen oder Butylkautschuk (Dichtungsstreifen C)) gelten die bereits im Rahmen der Beschreibung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens gemachten Ausführungen entsprechend.With regard to preferred embodiments of the water-based bitumen adhesive (bitumen adhesive A)), the multilayered geomembrane (geomembrane B)) and the self-adhesive weather strip based on bitumen or butyl rubber (weather strip C)) apply the statements already made in the description of the method according to the invention accordingly.

Es versteht sich von selbst, dass im Rahmen der vorliegenden Beschreibung als bevorzugt, besonders bevorzugt usw. genannte Ausgestaltungen einzelner Merkmale beliebig untereinander kombiniert werden können, und die Kombination zweier oder mehrerer bevorzugter Ausgestaltungen verschiedener Merkmale eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung darstellen. So stellt beispielsweise die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens unter Einsatz einer als bevorzugt genannten Klebemasse, einer als bevorzugt genannten Dichtungsbahn und eines als bevorzugt genannten Dichtungsstreifens eine ganz besonders bevorzugte Verfahrensführung dar.It goes without saying that in the context of the present description, embodiments of individual features mentioned as preferred, particularly preferred, etc. can be combined with one another as desired, and the combination of two or more preferred embodiments of different features represent a particularly preferred embodiment. Thus, for example, carrying out the process according to the invention using a preferred adhesive, a preferred geomembrane and a sealing strip referred to as preferred is a particularly preferred process control.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Beispielen näher erläutert, wobei die Beispiele lediglich der Illustration der Erfindung dienen und keine Einschränkung des Erfindungsgedankens darstellen.In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by means of examples, the examples serving merely to illustrate the invention and not represent a limitation of the inventive concept.

BeispieleExamples Beispiel 1:Example 1: Eingesetzte Materialien:Materials used:

  • Klebemasse: lösemittelfreier, wasserbasierter Bitumenklebstoff; (wie oben als bevorzugte Klebemasse beschrieben)Adhesive: solvent-free, water-based bituminous adhesive; (as described above as preferred adhesive)
  • Dichtungsbahn: mehrschichtige Bahn mit einer Deckschicht auf Basis von HDPE (zweilagig, kreuzlaminiert) und einer PET-Kontaktschicht, wobei die Schichten mit einer Verbindungsschicht auf Bitumenbasis miteinander verbunden sind. (wie oben als bevorzugte Dichtungsbahn beschrieben)Geomembrane: multilayer web with a top layer based on HDPE (two-ply, cross-laminated) and a PET contact layer, the layers being bonded together with a bitumen-based bonding layer. (as described above as a preferred geomembrane)
Versuchsdurchführung:Experimental procedure:

Die Dichtungsbahn wurde auf die benötigte Länge zugeschnitten und aufgerollt. Der Zuschnitt erfolgte auf einer Hartfaserplatte entlang einer Metallschiene mit einem herkömmlichen Cuttermesser.The waterproofing membrane was cut to the required length and rolled up. The cut was made on a hardboard along a metal rail with a conventional cutter knife.

Die Testwand (T-Form; Wandfläche 30 x 100 und 100 X 100 cm) aus KS-Ratio Steinen (Kalksandsteine nach DIN EN 771-2) bei 18 °C und einer relativen Luftfeuchtigkeit von 48 % mit der Klebemasse behandelt. Die Klebemasse wurde dazu mit einem Quast (Köster Quast für Schlämmen) in einer Schichtdicke von ca. 1 mm auf die Wand aufgetragen.The test wall (T-shape, wall surface 30 x 100 and 100 x 100 cm) of KS-Ratio bricks (sand-lime bricks according to DIN EN 771-2) at 18 ° C and a relative humidity of 48% treated with the adhesive. The adhesive was applied with a quast (Köster tassel for slurries) in a layer thickness of about 1 mm on the wall.

Anschließend wurde eine erste Dichtungsbahn in den noch frischen Kleber eingedrückt. Die Dichtungsbahn ließ sich dabei sehr gut in den noch frischen Kleber eindrücken und verlegen und haftete unmittelbar ausreichend stark an, so dass kein Abrutschen festgestellt wurde. Das Ausrichten der Dichtungsbahn war auf dem frischen Kleber problemlos möglich. Auch 10 Minuten nach dem Aufdrücken konnte die Position der Dichtungsbahn noch korrigiert werden. Erst nach einer halben Stunde war die Korrektur der Lage durch einfaches Verschieben an der Wand nicht mehr möglich. Bis drei Stunden nach Andrücken der Dichtungsbahn konnte diese jedoch noch vom Untergrund abgezogen und erneut angedrückt werden. Auf diese Weise war eine Korrektur der Position der Dichtungsbahn noch möglich.Subsequently, a first sealing sheet was pressed into the still fresh glue. The geomembrane was very easy to press and lay in the still fresh adhesive and adhered immediately sufficiently strong, so that no slipping was found. The alignment of the geomembrane was easily possible on the fresh adhesive. Even 10 minutes after pressing the position of the waterproofing membrane could still be corrected. Only after half an hour was the correction of the situation by simply moving on the wall no longer possible. Up to three hours after pressing the waterproofing membrane but this could still be deducted from the ground and pressed again. In this way, a correction of the position of the geomembrane was still possible.

Eine zweite Dichtungsbahn wurde in frischen Kleber gedrückt und auf Stoß an die erste Dichtungsbahn geschoben. Es konnte so eine auf Stoß verlaufende Naht zwischen den benachbarten Dichtungsbahnen erzeugt werden, die keinerlei Fehlstellen aufwies. Die Dichtungsbahnen wiesen keine Falten oder Lufteinschlüsse auf und auch nach mehreren Tagen wurden keine Veränderungen hinsichtlich Lage der Dichtungsbahnen oder Qualität der Stoßverklebungen festgestellt.A second geomembrane was pressed into fresh glue and pushed against the first geomembrane. It could be generated as a running seam between the adjacent seams, which had no defects. The Geomembrane had no wrinkles or air pockets and even after several days, no changes in the position of the geomembrane or quality of Stoßverklebungen were found.

Claims (15)

  1. A method for sealing a building or part thereof in the wall and/or basement region, wherein
    a) an adhesive substance is firstly applied to the building or building part to be sealed,
    b) a first sealing strip is then pressed onto the adhesive substance, and
    c) at least one further sealing strip is lastly pressed onto the adhesive substance, wherein the second and each further sealing strip is positioned edge to edge with the adjacent sealing strip in each case.
  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing is carried out portion by portion, the building or building part to be sealed firstly being provided with the adhesive substance on one surface thereof, which corresponds to the surface area of at least 2 and at most 3 of the sealing strips provided for sealing, a first and second sealing strip then being pressed onto the surface treated with the adhesive substance, and further adhesive substance then being applied until the surfaces which have adhesive substance and are available for adhering further sealing strips each in turn correspond to the surface area of at least 2 and at most 3 of the sealing strips provided for sealing, two further sealing strips then being adhered and the final two steps being repeated until sealing strips are adhered to the entire surface to be sealed.
  3. The method according to claim 1 and/or 2, characterized in that the edges of adjacent sealing strips are additionally sealed in a further method step.
  4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the edge regions are additionally sealed by sticking a self-adhesive sealing strip over said regions.
  5. The method according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adhesive substance is selected from bitumen adhesives, cement-based adhesives, polymer dispersion adhesives, monocomponent or two-component polyurethane adhesives, reactive resin adhesives and adhesives based on silane-modified polymers.
  6. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive substance has an open time at 23 °C of at least 3 minutes, preferably at least 5 minutes, particularly preferably at least 10 minutes.
  7. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the adhesive substance is a water-based bitumen adhesive, preferably a solvent-free, water-based bitumen adhesive.
  8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the bitumen adhesive contains
    - from 20 to 70 wt.% of an aqueous bitumen emulsion,
    - from 20 to 60 wt.% of an aqueous dispersion of at least one acrylic acid ester copolymer,
    - from 10 to 40 wt.% of at least one filler,
    - from 0 to 10 wt.% of at least one anti-freeze agent, and
    - from 0 to 3 wt.% of at least one preservative.
  9. The method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing strip is multi-layered and comprises at least one top layer and one contact layer, the sealing strip being pressed onto the adhesive substance such that the contact layer and adhesive substance are in direct contact with one another.
  10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the contact layer is a polymer film based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or a multi-layered composite, comprising at least one polymer film based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and at least one aluminum layer.
  11. The method according to at least one of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the top layer is a polymer film based on low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE).
  12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the polymer film based on low-pressure polyethylene (HDPE) has at least two layers, the individual layers being cross-laminated.
  13. The method according to at least one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the top layer and contact layer are interconnected by means of a bitumen-based connecting layer.
  14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the connecting layer contains
    - from 50 to 90 wt.% of bitumen,
    - from 5 to 15 wt.% of at least one polymer that is not bitumen, and
    - from 10 to 35 wt.% of at least one filler.
  15. A system for carrying out a method according to at least one of claims 1 to 14, comprising
    A) a water-based bitumen adhesive, preferably a solvent-free, water-based bitumen adhesive, containing
    - from 20 to 70 wt.% of an aqueous bitumen emulsion,
    - from 20 to 60 wt.% of an aqueous dispersion of at least one acrylic acid ester copolymer,
    - from 10 to 40 wt.% of at least one filler,
    - from 0 to 10 wt.% of at least one anti-freeze agent,
    - from 0 to 3 wt.% of at least one preservative, and
    B) a sealing strip which is multi-layered and comprises at least one top layer and one contact layer.
EP14815600.3A 2013-12-06 2014-12-05 Method of and system for proofing a building Active EP3092346B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102013225151 2013-12-06
PCT/EP2014/076670 WO2015082665A1 (en) 2013-12-06 2014-12-05 Method for sealing buildings

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3092346A1 EP3092346A1 (en) 2016-11-16
EP3092346B1 true EP3092346B1 (en) 2018-05-02

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ID=52134117

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP14815600.3A Active EP3092346B1 (en) 2013-12-06 2014-12-05 Method of and system for proofing a building

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3092346B1 (en)
MX (1) MX2016007242A (en)
WO (1) WO2015082665A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005053336B4 (en) * 2005-11-07 2007-07-12 Henkel Kgaa Bitumen-free building material composition and its use

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MX2016007242A (en) 2017-01-05
WO2015082665A1 (en) 2015-06-11
EP3092346A1 (en) 2016-11-16

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